ISSN 0031-0204
Transactions and Proceedings
of the Palaeontological Society of Japan
New Series No. 103
./
Palaeontological Society of Japan·, Oct. 15, 1976 Editor Takashi HAMADA Associate Editor Iku wo OBAT A
Officers for 1975 - 1976
Honorary President: Teiichi KOBAYASH I President: Tatsuro MATSUMOTO Councillors (*Executive): *Kazuo ASAMA, Kiyoshi ASANO, *Kiyotaka CHINZEI, *Takashi HAMADA, *Tetsuro HANA I, *Itaru HAYAMI, Tadao KAMEl, *Kametoshi KANMERA, *Tamio KOTAKA, *Tatsuro MATSUMOTO, Tokio SHIKAMA, Tsugio SHUTO, *yokichi T AKA YANA GI, Toshimasa T ANAl, *Hiroshi UJIIE Executive Committee: General Affairs: Tetsuro HANAI, Itaru HAY AM I, Kiyotaka CHINZEI, Saburo KAN NO Membership: Kazuo ASAMA, Kazuhiko UEMURA Finance: Hiroshi UJIIE Planning: Tamio KOTAKA, Jun'ichi TAZAWA Publications Transactions: Takashi HAMADA, Ikuwo OBATA Special Papers: Kametoshi KANMERA, Ienori FUJIYAMA; Tomowo OZAWA, Juichi YANAGIDA " Fossils" : Yokichi TAKA YANAGI, Kunihiro ISI-IIZAKI
Fossil on the cover is the six leaves in a whorl of Trizygia oblongifolia (GERM. & KAULF.) ASAMA from the Maiya Formation (Parafusulina zone), Maiya, N. E. Japan.
All communications relating to this journal should be addressed to the P ALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN c/ o Business Center for Academic Societies, Japan Yayoi 2-4-16, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan Sole agent: University of Tokyo Press, Hongo, Tokyo Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S., No. 103, pp. 343-378, pIs. 36-39, Oct. 1:;, 1976
663. MESOZOIC PLANTS FROM THE AKAIW A FORMATION (UPPER NEOCOMIAN), THE ITOSHIRO GROUP, CENTRAL HONSHU, JAPAN*
TATSUAKI KIMURA
Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Tokyo 184
and
SHIN]I SEKIDO
Science Education Centre, Ishikawa Prefecture, Kanazawa 920
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Introduction Inner Zone of Central Japan. Table 1 summarises the stratigraphy of this The Tetori Supergroup is widely supergroup. Vile now mention work on distributed over Nagano, Gifu, Toyama, the floras of the Tetori Supergroup. Ishikawa and Fukui Prefectures in the The flora of the Kuzuryu Group(Kuzuryu * Received April 5, 1976: read Jan. 11, 197c1 Flora) was described by KIMURA (1958b. at Fukuoka and June 14, 1975 at Morioka. 1959b). The flora of the Oguchi For. 343 344 Tatsuaki KIMURA and Shinji SEKIDO mati on (also called the Oguchi Flora and Mt. Hakusan (2702 m) and Irahara along by earlier authors, the "Tetori Flora") the Osugidani, a branch of the upper has been described by GEYLER (1877), course of the Tetori River, Shiramine YOkOYAMA (1889), Y ABE(1905, 1922,1927a), mura, Ishikawa-gun, Ishikawa Prefecture, OISHI (1936, 1940,1941), MATSUO & OMURA with the cooperation of Mr. K. Y AMA (1968), KIMURA (1961) and KIMURA & ZAKI, a staff of the Komatsu City Museum SEKIDO (1965, '66, '67, '71, '72, '74, '75). and several students of the Tokyo Ga The monographical study of this flora is kugei University. now in progress by us. Thus, this paper is the second palaeobo The Akaiwa Flora is dealt with in this tanical study of the Akaiwa Flora, the paper but we now realize that the lower first being in the paper by KIMURA and middle parts and the upper part of (1975a). the Tamodani Formation along the Tamo dani, studied by KIMURA & HAY ASH! Material may correspond to the Akaiwa Formation and the lower part of the Kitadani For The plant remains described in this mation respectively. The uppermost paper have been graphitised or removed member of the Tamodani Formation have from the plant substance and so, while yielded a rich and peculiar flora (called showing their form and venation clearly, the Tamodani Flora by KIMURA, 1975a) they are not suitable for the preparation which includes Arctopterisand Jacutopteris of spores or cuticles. and is of a character previously known The letters, BK and OS used for only in Siberia. registered number show the abbreviation Now under a new heading, the flora of fossil localities, Bettokuzure and Osu of the Akaiwa Formation, we collected gidani respectively. Specimens here in 1973-1975 many fossil plants and non described are all deposited at the Koma marine shells from the Akaiwa Formation tsu City Museum, Komatsu City, Ishika at Bettokuzure on the southern slope of wa Prefecture.
Table 1. Brief stratigraphy and subdivision of the Tetori Supergroup.
Upper Cretaceous Asuwa Group (MATSUO, 1962) and its equivalents --- unconformity --- Kitadani Formation (alternation of sandstone, shale and tuff) (adapted from MAEDA, 1958b) ; Late Neo comian below and Aptian above -Akaiwa Formation and its equivalents Tetori Supergroup - -Itoshiro Group _ I (KAWAI, 1961) ; Late Neocomian -Oguchi Formation (KAWAI, 1961); Early Neocomian --- mostly unconformity --- -Kuzuryu Group; Late Jurassic 663. Mesozoic plants from the Akaiwa Formation 345
exilijormis, C. hukuiensis, C. ishikawaensis, Composition of the Akaiwa Flora C. lobifolia, C. triangularis, C. sp., Nils· Among the collection from Bettokuzure sonia koloi, N. nipponensis?, N. orientalis, Otozamites klipsteinii, Ginkgodium na and Osugidani (Irahara), the determined thorsti, Czekanowskia rigida, Elalocladus genera and species are shown in Table sp., Taxodium sp., Sequoia? sp., Podoza 2 together with those from the middle mites griesbachi, P. lanceolalus, P. reinii, member of the Tamodani Formation Taeniopteris richthofeni?, T.? sp. and (after KIMURA, 1975a). Besides the above, Xenoxylon latiporosum. MAEDA, MAEDA & T AKENAMI and KA w AI listed the following species from various localities of the Akaiwa Forma Characteristics of the Akaiwa Flora tion and its equivalents: The following characteristics of the Kumanogawa Formation (alternation of Akaiwa Flora seem noteworthy. sandstone and shale) along the Jintsu 1) The Equisetales are only represented and the Kumanogawa Rivers, Toyama by several tubers and a fragment of Prefecture (adapted from MAEDA & stem with a node. These tubers resemble TAKENA~Il, 1957); closely in general outline those from the Adiantites sewardi, Onychiopsis elongata, Oguchi Formation, the Nagdong Group Sphenopteris goepperti, Cladophlebis argu tula, C. dentieulata, C. distans, C. exili of Korea and the Lower Cretaceous of fonnis, C. hukuiensis, C. triangularis, C. the Siberian Palaeofioristic Area proposed lobifolia, Nilssonia orientalis, Ptero by VAKHRAMEEV (1964, 1966, 1970, 1971). phyllum ? sp., Ginkgoites digitata, Czeka 2) Ferns are fairly numerous and varied, nowskia rigida, Podozamites lanceolatus, though not so predominant as in the P. reinii and Taeniopteris sp. Oguchi Flora. The specimens named Nochino Formation (conglomerate and sand Gleichenites aff. porsildi agree well with stone) along the Uchinami and the Ito those in the Tamodani Flora. Coniopteris shiro Rivers, branches of the Kuzuryu which is diverse and abundant in the River, Fukui Prefecture (adapted from Oguchi Flora is rather rare. Only MAEDA, 1957); doubtfully determined sterile leaf and Onychiopsis elongata, Cladophlebis exili formis, Podozamiles lanceolalus, P. reinii several detached fertile pinnules were and Xenoxylon laliporosum. obtained. Birisia onychioides formerly Tochio Formation (alternation of sandstone called Coniopteris onychioides agrees with and shale) along the Gamata River, Gifu material described from the various Prefecture (adapted from MAEDA, 1958a) ; localities of the Lower Cretaceous in the Onychiopsis elongala, Cladophlebis den. Siberian Palaeofioristic Area. Cladophlebis ticulata, C. exiliformis, Podozamites shinshuensis originally described by T A lanceolatus and Xenoxylon latiporosum. TEIW A from the Shinshu (Chinju in Akaiwa Formation around Mt. Hakusan in Korea) Formation, Korea and that followed Fukui, Ishika \Va and Gifu Prefectures by KI:YIURA (1958a) from the uppermost (K-\'\vAI, 1961) ; member of the Tamodani Formation is lv! archant ites yabei, Equiset ites ushi· marensis, E. sp., Coniopteris burejensis, now clearly referable to Birisia onychi C. hymenophylloides, C. sp., Onychiopsis oides. Asplenium sp. may remind us of a elongata, Adiantites sewardi, Sphenopteris certain frond of Onychiopsis. Its pinnae, goepperti, S. nitidula?, S. sp., Cladophlebis however, are shorter than those of argutula?, C. denticulata, C. distans, C. Onychiopsis and its elongate-oval segments 346 Tats'Uaki KIMURA and Shinji SEKIDO
Table 2. Composition and localities of the Akaiwa Flora.
Localities BK OS T --Genera & Species Equisetites sp. (tubers) 0 E. sp. (stem) ----- 0 Cleichenites aff. porsildi 0 0 Coniopteris sp. cfr. C. hymenophylloides 0 C. sp. cfr. C. burejensis 0 Birisia onychioides I 0 AspleniulIl cfr. dicksonianum 0 I Cladophlebis ex gr. denticulata 0 C. distans 0 C. williamsoni var. tenuicculis 0 C. sp. 0 0 Sphenopteris goepperti 0
S. kochibeana • ••• ___ 0 __ • ...... --.--.--- -_._------_ ...... Q. .. Adiantites sp. B 0 0 A. sp. C 0 A. sp. D 0 Raphaelia sp. A 0 R. sp. B 0 Onychiopsis elongata 0 0 0 Dictyozamites cfr. cordatus 0 Nilssonia kotoi 0 N. lobatidentata 0 N. nipponensis 0 0 N. cfr. orientclis 0 Tetoria endoi 0 Cinkgoites digitata 0 C. huttoni 0 C. sibirica 0 C. sp. 0 Cinkgoidium ncthol-sti () Pseudotorellia sp_ (\ _0_ Czelwnowskia sp. 0 Leptostrobus sp. 0 ---- Podozamites angusti/olius 0 P. ex gr. lanceolatus 0 P. reinii 0 0 P. sp. 0 Elatocladus sp. A 0 E. sp. B 0 Pityophyllu111 I indstroemi 0 Xenoxylon latiporosum 0 0 Carpolithes sp. 0 Problematica () () BK: Bettokuzure; southwestern slope of Mt. Hakusan (2702 m), Shira mine· mura, Ishika wa·gun, Ishikawa Prefecture. OS: Osugidani; Irahara, Shiramine.mura, Ishikawa.gun, Ishikawa Prefecture. T: Tamodani; Hambara, Izumi.mura, Ono·gun, Fukui Prefecture. 663. Mesozoic plants from the Akaiwa Formation 347
or pinnules rather resemble the sterile Palaeo floristic Area. The present speci part of such Asplenium species as A. mens agree well with the original speci dicksonianum which is an abundant ele mens of N. lobatidentata described by ment of the Early Cretaceous floras in VASSILEVSKAJA (1972). Tetoria endoi is the Siberian Palaeo floristic Area. represented by an incomplete ultimate 3) Unclassified fern3 are represented by pinna fragment. such form-genera as Cladophlebis, Sphen 5) In marked contrast to the meagreness opteris, Adiantites, Raphaelia and Onychi in cycadophytes, ginkgoaleans, particular opsis. Cladophlebis is rather rare and ly Ginkgoidiu m nathorsti, are diverse and is represented by C. denticulata-type abundant. Had cuticular analyses suc frond having large pinnules and another ceeded in these leaves, the number of type fronds having small and finely lobed species of ginkgoaleans in the Akaiwa pinnules which remind us of sterile frond Flora would have increased. of Klukia or Alsophilites. 6) Czefwnowskia is :rather rare. Only a A single incomplete pinna fragment few leaf-fragments were .obtained. Some regarded as Sphenopteris goepperti is detached Leptostrobus capsules were indistinguishable from the specimens found in association with ill-preserved hitherto described under this comprehen cone axes and doubtful scale leaves which sive name. Though obscurely preserved, seem to be basal scales of the cone. three distinct types of Adiantites are 7) Podozamites leaves are also very recognizable. Raphaelia has two species, abundant and diverse. Podozamites an and it is the first record from japan. gustifolillS, P. ex gr. lanceolatus and P. The distinct basal constriction of RaPha~ reinii were recognized. Both Podoza elia pinnules remind us of that seen in mites angllstifolius and P. reinii are some Osmunda pinnules. Raphaelia is one usually encountered in the Oguchi and of the common elements in the Late the Nagdong Floras, and those in the jurassic floras in the Siberian Palaeo Siberian Palaeofloristic Area. It is worth floristic Area. mentioning that ginkgoaleans and Podo 4) Cycadophytes are much poorer than zamites leaves are very rare in the" Ryo those in the Oguchi Flora and are repre seki Flora" located in the Outer Zone sented by Dictyozamites, Nilssonia and Palaeofloristic Province of japan (KIMURA, Tetoria. Dictyozamites which is diverse 1961, 1975a, b; KIMURA & HIRATA, 1975). and abundant in the Oguchi Flora, is 8) Conifers apart from Podozamites are only represented by a single incomplete very rare. We have only two types of pinna. Several detached leaves of Nils coniferous shoots which we place Form sonia nipponensis were obtained, but the genus Elatocladus (emended by HARRIS) general outline of these leaves is slightly and some needle-like leaves we provi different from that of leaves of this sionally determine as Pit yo phyllu m. species from the Oguchi Formation. 9) Picnoxylic wood determined as Xeno The occurrence of Nilssonia lobatidentata xylon latiporosum is fairly abundant. is worth mentioning because such species 10) No dicotyledons have not yet been with dentate distal margin as this species, recognized, but Sabal-like blades with Nilssonia orskica GENKINA, N. prinadae thick axis occur abundantly at Irahara, V ACHRAMEEV, N. magnifolia SAMYLINA the Osugidani. Full analysis and discus and N. denticulata THOMAS are mainly sion of the Sabal-like leaves will be made known in the floras in the Siberian after a more complete study of our 348 Tatsuaki KIMURA and Shinji SEKIDO
material. common ginkgoalean and Podozamites leaves. KIMURA (1961, 1975a, b) based his idea of the Inner Zone Palaeofloristic Geological age of the Akaiwa Flora Province of Japan on these resemblance_ These floras are quite different in Among strata constituting the Tetori composition from the "Ryoseki Flora" Supergroup, both the lowest Kuzuryu located along the Outer Zone of Japan. Group and the uppermost Kitadani For It was the reason that KIMURA has mation might be able to date by their established the Outer Zone Palaeofloristic marine and brackish shells. The Kuzuryu Province of japan. The floral transitional Group is now said to be Callovian-Kim history in the Tetori Supergroup will be meridgian in age by its ammonites, discussed in the monograph of the Oguchi trigonians, etc., and the lower part of Flora by us. the Kitadani Formation to be Late 1) Comparison with the contemporaneous Neocomian in age by its shells such as Lower Monobegawa Flora (in Outer Zone) Nakamuranaia, "Schistodesmus ", Plica in Kochi Prefecture, Southwest japan. tounio, Trigonioides, etc. The Lower Cretaceous System in the Unfortunately no useful time indicator Outer Zone of japan is now divided into has been found from the Oguchi and three series, namely, the Lower Neoco the Akaiwa Formation. We, however, mian Ryoseki, the Upper Neocomian now regard the Oguchi Formation as Arita and the Aptian-Albian Miyak(} Early Neocomian in age and the Akaiwa Series. The Arita and the Miyako Series Formation as Late Neocomian, because are called the Lower Monobegawa and the the Oguchi Formation overlies the Upper Upper Monobegawa Formations respec Jurassic Kuzuryu Group with notable tively in the Outer Zone of Southwest unconformity in the Kuzuryu River area japan. and the Akaiwa Formation is conformably The " Ryoseki Flora" was studied by covered with the Kitadani Formation at NATHORST (1890), YOKOYAMA (1894), YA the Omichidani valley, a branch of the BE (1922, 1927a, b), HUZIOKA (1939) and Tetori River and in the Takinami River OISHI (1939a, b, 1940), but unfortunately area. Accordingly the geological age of exact stratigraphical distribution of the the Akaiwa Formation is naturally fossil plants was not clear. considered to be Late Neocomian. Recently, working for forty years, M_ HIRA TA (1972) showed his valuable result regarding the stratigraphical distribution Comparison of floras of fossil plants in Kochi Prefecture. According to HIRATA, the fossil plants The Akaiwa Flora is distinguishable from the Lower Monobegawa Formation from the Oguchi Flora below by its less are as follows: abundant ferns and its poor represen tation of cycadophytes, and from the Marchantites yabei KRYSHTOFOVICH, Na Tamodani Flora above by its composition. thorstia oishii HUZIOKA, Klukia koraiensis All the floras of the Tetori Supergroup, (YABE) OISHI, K. yokoyamae OISI-II, Naktongia however, show resemblance to one an yabei OISHI, Gleichenites nipponensis OISHI, other. All have Dicksoniaceous ferns, Weichselia reticulata (STOKES & WEBB) Cladophlebis with large pinnules and WARD, Sphenopteris goepperli DUNKER, S. 663. Mesozoic plants from the Akaiwa Formation 349 spp., Adiantites sewardi YABE, A. yuasensis are, as are generally known, inappropriate YOKOY A?-.IA, Onychiopsis elongata (GEYLER) to make them the materials for floral YOKOY A,'IA, O. sp., Cladophlebis acutipenllis comparison. OISHI, C. argutula (HEER) FONTAINE, C. The Lower Monobegawa Flora is char denticulata (ERONGNIART) NATHORST, C. acterized by the occurrence of Marat distans (HEER) em. YABE, C. exiliformis tiaceous and Matoniaceous ferns and by (GEYLER) em. OISHI, C. falcata OISHI. C. hukuiensis OISHI, C. parvula OISHI, C. take the predominance of Cladophlebis with zakii OISHI, C. undulata OISHI, C. spp., Pachy. small or finely lobed pinnules, Zami pteris sp., Otozamites klipsteinii (DUNKER) ophyllum blades and Cupressus-like sterile SEW ARD, O. spp., Ptilophyllum pecten (PHIL. shoots are regarded as Brachyphyllum LIPS) MORRIS, Wielandiella sp., Zamiophyllum (KIMURA & HIRATA, 1975). buchianum (ETTINGSHAUSEN) NATHORST, Z. No Dicksoniaceous fern has been sp., Nilssonia orientalis HEER, N. schaum recorded. Ginkgoalean and Podozamites burgensis (DUNKER) NATHORST, N. tenui leaves are quite rare. It is worth men caulis (PHILLIPS) FOX-STRANGWAYS, N. yabei tioning that the first occurrence of Wei TATEIWA, N. spp., Taeniopteris spp., Podo chselia in Japan is recorded by HUZIOKA zamites lanceolatus (LINDLEY & HUTTON) (1973). Weichselia is one of the well BRAUN, Frenelopsis hoheneggeri (ETTIKG SHAUSEN) SCHENK, Brachyphyllum expansum known elements in the Early Cretaceous (STERKBERG) SEWARD, B. japonicum (YOKO floras in many parts of the world. The Y AMA) OISHI, B. sp., Elatocladus obtusifolia Lower Monobegawa Flora is similar in OISHI, Sphenolepidium sp. composition to the Early Cretaceous floras in the Indo-European Palaeofloristic Critical palaeobotanical studies are Area (V AKHRAMEEV, 1964,1966,1970,1971) needed on these fossil plants, but some in Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous in palaeobotanical informations have been age. given by HUZIOKA (1973). However, as 2) Comparison with an Early Cretaceous is seen in the above list, the distinction flora in the Siberian Palaeofloristic Area. in composition between the Akaiwa Flora Recently the palaeobotanical studies and the contemporaneous Lower Monobe in Siberia have promptly developed and gawa Flora is notable. Common species many comparable floras with the Akaiwa between them are merely five, namely, Flora have been described. For example. Sphenopteris goepperti, Onychiopsis elong Early Cretaceous flora described by ata, Cladophlebis denticulata, Nilssonia ABRAMOVA (1970) from the middle course orientalis and Podozamites lanceolatus. of the Lena River area, near Zhigansk, Moreover, according to KIMURA'S criti is referred to comparison. The compo cal observation of HIRATA'S collection sition of this flora is as follows: deposited in the Division of Fossil Exhi bition, MAKINO Botanical Garden of Kochi Equisetites cfr. rugosus SAMYLlKA, Coniop City, the specimens regarded as Nilssonia teris onychioides VASSILEYSKAJA & KARA MURSA, Cladophlebis argutula (HEER) FON orientalis by HIRATA are somewhat differ TAINE, C. bulunkanensis ABRA"IOY A, C. ent from N. cfr. orientalis in the Akaiwa lenaensis V ACIIRAMEEV, Sclerapteris ermolaevii Flora. HIRATA'S Cladophlebis denticiuata VASSILEYSKAJA, Scleropteris tyrmensis SE is extremely small-sized. At any rate, WARD, Neozamites verchojanensis VACHRA Sphenopteris goepperti, Cladophlebis den MEEV, N.? sp., Anomozamites arcticus V AS ticulata and Podozamites lanceolatus are SILEVSKAJA, Aldania umanskii VACHRA~IEE\' comprehensively identified species, and & LEBEDEV, A.? sp., Nilssonia lobatidentata 350 Tatsuaki KIMURA and Shinji SEKIDO
VASSILEVSKAJA, N. orientalis HEER, Taeniop lobatidentata V ASSILEVSKAJA, Pterophyllum teris sp., Ginkgo ex gr. adiantoides (UNGER) acuta (VASSILEVSKAJA) VACHRA1VIEEV, P. HEER, G. paradiantoides SAMYLINA, G. para polynovii (PRYNADA) KI~AssILov, P. tyrmensis huttoni ABRAMOV A, Sphenobaiera pselldolongi (PRYNADA) KRASSILOV, Ginkgo paradiantoides folia ABRA:VIOVA, S. sp., Pselldotorellia nor SA:VIYLlNA, Sphenobaiera angustiloba HEER, denskioldi (NATHORST) FLORIN, Phoenicopsis *Czekanowskia rigida HEER, * Phoenicopsis dr. mirabilis (FLoRIN) SAMYLll\A, Stenora angustifolia HEER, Podozamites gramineus chis memkerensis ABRAMOV A. HEER, Rhipidiocladus fiabellata PRYXADA.
This flora is very similar in general Each species in the above list with feature to the Akaiwa and the Oguchi asterisk (or an allied form) occurs in Floras except for Aldania showing un the floras of the Tetori Supergroup. usual venation, though common species Thus it is clear that the Akaiwa Flora between them are three, namely Coni together with other floras of the Tetori opteris onychioides (= Birisia onychioides), Supergroup is close to the Early Cre Nilssonia lobatidentata and N. orientalis. taceous floras in the Siberian Palaeo Cladophlebis fronds have usually large floristic Area, though such cycadophytes sized pinnules.· . Cladophlebis argutuld, C. as Aldania, Heilungia and jacutiella have lenaensis-type arid Scleropteris-type fronds not yet been recognized in the floras of are also· known' in the Oguchi Flora. the Tetori Supergroup. Recently we found Neozamites in the Oguchi Flora (KIMURA & SEKIDO, 1971). Ginkgo leaves are extremely similar to Acknowledgements those in the AkaiW'a·· and the Oguchi Floras in external features. We express our sincere gratitude to According to V AKHRAMEEV (1971), Dr. Thomas M. HARRIS, Professor Emeri typical genera and species in the Neoco tus of the University of Reading, England mian floras in the Siberian Palaeofloristic for his very helpful suggestions and Area are as follnws: kind reading' over the present manu script. We are indebted to Dr. V. A. *Cladophlebis argutllla (HEER), *C. lenaensis VAKHRAMEEV, Geological Institute of V ACIIRA~'IEEV, *C. pseudolobifolia V ACHRA MEEV, C. sangarensis V ACHRAMEEV, *Conio Academy of Sciences, Soviet Union for pteris bllrejensis (ZALESSKY) SEWARD, *C. his kind information on Nilssonia lobati nympharum (HEER) V ACHRAMEEV, *C. ony dentata and for his kind presentation of chioides VASSILEVSKAJA & KARA-MuRSA, C. many Russian papers regarding Mesozoic setacea, (PRYNADA) V ACHRAMEEV, C. sapor palaeobotany. We also give our thanks tana (HEER) V ACHRAMEEV, *Jacutopteris to Mr. K. YAMAZAKI for his invariable lenaensis VASSILEVSKAJA, *Gleichenia lobata help in collecting fossil plants and to VACHRA~IEEV, Gonatosorus ketovae V ACHRA Miss T. OHANA of the Tokyo Gakugei :VIEEV, Aldania allriculata SAMYLlNA, A. University for her kind help in drawing umanskii V ACHRAMEEV & LEBEDEV, A. va the figures in this paper. This study chrameevi SAMYLlNA, Anomozamites angulatlls HEER, *Ctenis burejensis PRYNADA, C. nana has been undertaken in part with the SA;\[YLlNA, C. tygyensis V ASSILEVSKAJA, Aid of Grants from the Ministry of Heilungia amurensis (NOVOPOKROVSKY) PRY Education of Japan and also the one NADA, H. sangarensis V ASSILEV5KAJA, Jacu from the Section of cultural properties tiella amurensis (NOVOPOKROVSKY) * Neoza protection, Board of Education, Ishikawa mites verchojanensis V ACHRAMEEV, * Nilssonia Prefecture. 663. Mesozoic plants from the Akaiwa Formation 351
Gleichenites aff. porsildi SEWARD Systematic description PI. 36, fig. 2; Text-fig. 2 We here describe whole our specimens obtained from the Akaiwa Formation 1975a. Gleichenites aff. porsildi SE\YARD: KI and its equivalents, but among them ~ICRA, p. 70, pI. 7, figs. 1, 2, 3, 5; pI. those from the middle member of the S, fig. 2; figs. 4-.1a, b. Tamodani Formation are briefly noted. The present specimens agree well with For further details, see KLVIURA, 1975a. those described by KIMURA as Gleiche In describing the species our descriptive nites aff. porsildi from the uppermost notes and figures refer solely to our member of the Tamodani Formation material from the Akaiwa Formation. (Horizon-TG and TH). Only in later discussion do we refer to Localities: Bettokuzure & Osugidani. specimens from other formations. Occurrence: Common. Specimens: BK-148, OS-002. OS-006, OS- Equisetales 031.
Genus Equisetites STERNBERG, 1833: 43 Family Dicksoniaceae Equisetites sp. (stem) Genus Coniopteris BRONGNIART, 1849: 26 PI. 39, fig. 7 Coniopteris sp. cfr. C. hymenophylloides PI. 39, fig. 7 shows a piece of stem with one node. Stem impression 13 mm (BRONGNIART) SEWARD wide, showing longitudinal ridges, node PI. 36, fig. 3A, B; Text-fig. 1 slightly wider (no other significant details visible). Description: A sterile leaf \yith four Locality: Bettokuzure. penultimate pinnae is shown in PI. 36, Occurrence: One specimen only. fig. 3A, B and Text-fig. 1. Ultimate Specimen: BK-135. pinnae on the right penultimate pinna in PI. 36, fig. 3A are fairly large in size; ultimate pinnae set closely, overlapping Equisetites sp. (tubers) each other laterally, linear, elongate
1975a. Equisetites sp.: KI~IL·R.·\, p. 68, pI. 5, Ian ceo late in outline, 4-5 cm long and fig. l. 1-1.5 cm wide at basal portion, attached to the slender penultimate pinna axis at It is noteworthy that no upright aerial an angle of 50 degrees; pinnules set stems have yet been found with these closely, attached to the very delicate tubers. ultimate pinna axis at a wide angle below Locality: Tamodani, Horizon-Te. and at an acute angle above; posterior Occurrence: Common. pinnules, 1-1. 2 cm long and 4 mm wide, of which lamina divided into 9-11 deep lobes with rounded or obtusely pointed Filicales apex; lobes directed forward; on the Family Gleicheniaceae middle portion of ultimate pinna, the number of lobes of pinnule decreased Genus Gleichenites GOEPPERT, 1836: 172 and the basiscopic laminae are markedly 352 Tatsuaki KIMURA and Shinji SEKIDO reduced; apical pinnules rhomboidal in illustrated in his figure. form, small, with obtusely or subacutely Yet, the present specimen is not fully pointed apex. Venation of Sphenopteris identifiable with Coniopteris hymenophyl type; midnerve distinct, persisting to loides, because the basal basiscopic pin the tip of each pinnule,decurrent at base, nules \vhich might hold the key to the giving off indistinct secondaries at an attribution of this specimen, are all mis acute angle; posterior secondaries once sing. forking and anterior ones simple; each Under such circumstances, we here lobe receiving one secondary nerve. In regard the present specimen as Coni penultimate pinna, basal basiscopic pin opteris sp. cfr. C. hymenophylloides. nules all missing, upper pinnules probably Locality: Bettokuzure. anadromic order. Basal acroscopic pin Occurrence: One specimen only. nules not specialized. Ultimate pinnae Specimen: BK -156. on left penultimate pinna long and nar row, with small, rhomboidal and entire sp. cfr. C. pinnules. Coniopteris burejensis PI. 36, fig. 3B is associated with the (ZALESSKY) SEWARD specimen in fig. 3A. Ultimate pinnae Text-fig. 10 short-lanceolate in outline and with acu. min ate apex. Pinnules rhomboidal or Several detached fertile and sterile elongate-oval in outline with rounded or pinnules were preserved. Text-fig. 10 obtusely pointed at apex; laminae of shows one sterile and three fertile pin posterior ones shallowly lobed. The nules which strongly remind us of these basal basiscopic ones not specialized. of Coniopteris burejensis. Remarks: In general outline of pinnules, Locality: Osugidani. the present specimen resembles some Occurrence: One slab only. sterile leaves hitherto described under Specimen: OS-108. the name of Coniopteris hymenophylloides and C. burejensis. No fertile leaf has been found. According to HARRIS (1961, Genus Birisia SAMYLINA, 1972: 95 p. 147) in a typical size leaf of Coniop Birisia onychioides (V ASSILEVSKAJA tais burejensis, sterile pinnules are rhom boidal, about 7 mm long and 2. 5 mm & KARA-MuRSA) SAMYLINA wide, with acutely pointed apices pointing 1975a. Birisia onychioides (VASSILEVSKAJA & forward; the margins more or less in KARA-MuRSA) SAMYLINA: KIl\lURA, p. dented to form lobes with sharp apices. 71, pI. 5, figs. 6-9; pI. 6, figs. 1-4; figs. The present pinnules, however, are 4-2a-d. mostly with rounded or obtusely pointed apices instead of acutely pointed ones. For further references, see KIMURA, LEBEDEV (1965) illustrated in detail 1975a. several sterile leaves of Coniopteris bure Locality: Tamodani, Horizon-TD. jensis derived from the Upper Jurassic Occurrence: Abundant. of Zeia River area. The deeply divided lobes with rounded or obtusely pointed Family Aspleniaceae apices, as usually seen in the posterior pinnules of the present specimen, are not Genus Asplenium LINDE, 1753 663. Mesozoic plants from the Akaiwa Formation 353
43 5 i\
o 1, 2, em Text.figs. 1-7. 1. Coniapteris sp. cfr. C. hymenophylloides, drawn from PI. 36, fig. 3A. 2. Gleiche nites aff. porsildi, from PI. 36, fig. 2. 3. Sphenopteris goepperti, from PI. 37, fig. 4. 4. Onychiopsis elongata, from PI. 36, fig. 1. 5. Cladophlebis williamsoni var. tenui· caulis, from PI. 36, fig. 5 and PI. 38, fig. 6. 6. Cladophlebis distans (BK5-003). 7. Sphenopteris kochibeana (BK5-022).
Asplenium cfr. dicksonianum HEER lobes), set very closely, 5-6 in number Text-fig. 11 on each side of delicate axis, linear, elongate-lanceolate in outline, entire with Text-fig. 11 shows a part of a penulti acutely pointed apex and strongly di mate (?) pinna. Ultimate pinnae (or rected forward. Venation not visible. pinnules) set remotely, linear, elongate Two incomplete sterile pinna fragments lanceolate in outline, 3 cm long and o. 5 were obtained. In general appearance, cm wide at middle, attached alternately the present specimens resemble some or suboppositely to the slender axis at pinnae with entire pinnules (or lobes) an angle of 60 degrees. Pinnules (or originally described by HEER (1874) from 354 Tatsuaki KIlvIURA and ShinJ'i SEKIDO the Lower Cretaceous of Greenland under by Y ABE (1922. p. 14), and are indisting the name of Aspleniu ill dic1lsonianum (p. uishable from those illustrated by the 31, pI. 1, figs. 1-5) and later by VAS previous authors. SILEVSKAJA & PAVLOV (1963) from the Cladophlebis distans instituted by FON Lower Cretaceous of Lena Basin (pI. 33, TAINE (1889, p. 77) is a homonym of the figs. 1-3). present species. Full description and discussion of the Locality: Bettokuzure. Osugidani material must await the disco Occllrence: Common. very of better specimem'. SPecimens: BK5-003, BK5-030, BK5-036, Locality: Osugidani. BK5-050, BK5-057. Occurrence: Rare. Specimens: OS-102, OS-HI. Cladophlebis williamsoni (BRONGNIART) BRONGNIART var. tenuicaulis THOMAS Unclassified ferns PI. 36, figs. 5, 6; PI. 38, fig. 6; Text-fig. 5 Form-genus Cladophlebis 1911. Cladophlebis (Todites) williamsoni BROKGKIART. 1849: 105 (BRO:\G"IART) var. tenuicaulis THO ~IAS: p. 69, pI. 3, figs. 11, 12a (Jurassic Cladophlebis distans (HEER) of Kamenka). Y ABE (non FONTAINE) 1926. Cladophlebis williamsoni BR00:GNIART cfr. var. tenuicaulis THOMAS: KAWA Text-fig. 6 SAKI, p. 26, pI. 7, fig. 21 (Nampo, Rhaeto-Liassic Daedong Group, Korea). 1877. AS1Jlenium (Diplazium) distans HEER: p. 97, pI. 19, figs. 5-6, ?7 (Jurasso Description: Frond probably bipinnate; Cretaceous of Amur1and). size unknown. Pinnae long and narrow, 1889. Asplenium distans HEER: YOKOYA~IA, linear, set closely, often overlapping each p. 32, pI. 3, fig. 2; pI. 11, fig. 4; pI. 1-1, fig. 1 (Kuwashima, Hakogase and other laterally, narrowing gradually to Ushimaru, Oguchi Formation and its wards the acuminate apex, 1-2 cm wide equivalents) . at middle. Pinnules vary considerably 1922. Cladophlebis distans (HEER) YAI3E: p. in size and form with their position on 13, pI. 1, fig. 6; pI. 2, fig. 3; text-fig. the frond, set closely, acutely or sub 9 (Shurihama, Upper Jurassic Mone acutely pointed at apex; laminae ex Formation; Nochino, an equivalent of panded and continuous at their bases. Oguchi Formation). Midnerve distinct, persisting to the tip, 19.10. Cladophlebis distans (HEER) Y...,.UE: fairly decurrent at base, secondaries once OISHI, p. 258, pI. 11, figs. 2, 3, 3a (Ku or twice forked. washima, Oguchi Formation). 1958b. Cladophlebis distans (HEER) Y AUE : PI. 38, fig. 6 (BK -123) shows a typical KI:>'ICRA, p. 19, pI. 3, figs. 3, 6; pI. -1, form of pinna; posterior pinnules elon figs. 1, 2; text-fig. 3 (Wakogo, Kuzu gate-triangular in form, slightly falcate, ryu Group). attached to the pinna axis at an angle of 50 degrees; anterior ones deltoid in Remarks: The present specimens. though shape, directed forward. PI. 36, fig. 5 incomplete fragments of pinnae with (BK -072) shows a pinna apex. PI. 36, fig. large-sized pinnules, agree well with the 6 (BK -140) shows a fragment of large emended diagnosis of this species given sized pinna probably near the base of 663. Mesozoic plants from the Akaiwa Formation 355 the frond; pinnules are large-sized, 1975a. Cladophlebis ex gr. denticulata (BRON attached to the pinna axis at an angle GNIART) FO"TAI!\"E: KIMURA, p. 78, pI. of 50 degrees; secondaries forking twice. 5, fig. 11; pI. 6, fig. 5; figs. 4-5a, b. Text-fig. 5 shows a pinna reconstructed Locality: Tamodani, Horizon-TD. from the specimens shown in PI. 36, fig. Occurrence: Not rare. 5 and PI. 38, fig. 6. Remarks: Many specimens \vere obtained. though they are all incomplete fragments Cladophlebis sp. of pinnae. It is difficult to identify such Text·fig. 15 sterile Cladophlebis leaves as mentioned above depending only on their external An incomplete frond with small-sized features, because there are many similar pinnules of Pecoptel'is-type was obtained. Cladophlebis forms hitherto known. Venation not visible. In general appear The present specimens, however. are ance, it resembles Cladophlebis exilifonnis very like Cladophlebis williamsoni (BRON' (GEYLER) OISHI taken in broad sense. GN'IART) var. tenuicaulis originally de Locality: Bettokuzure. scribed by THOMAS from the jurassic Occurrence: One specimen only. of Kamenka and later by KAWASAKI as SPecimen: BK -148. cfr. var. tenuicaulis from the Rhaeto Liassic of Korea. The present specimens are also like Form.genus Sphenopteris those regarded as Cladophlebis williamsoni (BRONGNIART) STERNBERG, 1825: 15 (BRONGNIART) by V AKHRAMEEV (1958), V AKHRAMEEV & DOLUDENKO (1961) and Sphenopten's goepperti DUKKER V ASSILEVSKAJ A & PAVLOV (1963) from PI. 37, fig. 4; Text·fig. 3 the jurasso-Cretaceo:ls of Siberia. Some specimens regarded as Clad. japanese specimens only: ophlebis denticulata (BRO~GNIART) re 1889. Thrsopteris kagensis YOKOYA:\IA: p. 23, semble the present ones, but in the for pI. 1, figs. 6, 6a; pI. 11, fig. 7 (Kuwa· mer secondary nerves are usually forking shima & Ushimaru, Oguchi Formation). once. Cladophlebis fastuosa originally 1889. Sphenoptc7"is sp. YOKOYAMA: p. 34, pI. de£cribed by KIMURA (1959a) from the 14, figs. 13, 13a (Hakogase, Oguchi Liassic of Iwamuro, Gumma Prefecture, Formation) . japan, is another allied form, but in 1890. Sphenopteris dr. goepperti DU:-iKER the former pinnules the secondary nerves NATHORST, p. 11, pI. 6, figs. 2, 3 (Ryo· are forking once, too. seki, Ryoseki Formation). Locality: Bettokuzure. 1894. Sphenopteris tenuicula YOKOYAlvIA: p. Occurrence: Common. 217, pI. 20, fig. 11 (Kagahara, Upper Monobegawa Formation); p. 21, figs. Specimens: BK-006, BK-014, BK-041, BK- 2, 2a, 3 (Yuasa, Ryoseki Formation) ; 059, BK-070, BK-072, BK-086, BK-123, pI. 28, fig. 6 (Kaisekiyama, Ryoseki BK-125, BK-131. 8K-140, BK-144, BK- Formation); pI. 28, fig. 6 (Kaiseki· 152, BK -169. yama, Ryoseki Formation). 1922. Sphenopteris (Ruf/ordia) goepperti Du);· KER: YABE, p. 4, pI. 3, fig. 5 (Kuwa· Cladophlebis ex gr. denticulata shima, Oguchi Formation). (BRONGNIART) FONTAINE 1927a. Sphenopteris gopperti DUNKER: Y ABE, 356 Tatsuaki KIMURA and Shinji SEKIDO
, I I I
\ \ 9 , I 16
8 ~I
--,: , , ~.,
~~!V, , ", , '>, , , , : :c- , , 17 ')..::, , ,, , , , : , .:;,... , if 1 2 I I em
Text.figs. 8-17. 8. Adiantites sp. D, drawn from PI. 36, fig . .(; 9. Adiantites sp. C (OS-031); 10. Coniopteris sp. cfr. C. burejensis (OS-108); 11. Asplenium cfr. dicksonianum (OS- 102); 12. Raphaelia sp. B (BK-151); 13 & 14. Raphaelia sp. A, from PI. 38, fig. 2; 15. Cladophlebis sp. (BK-148); 16. Dictyozemites cfr. cordatus, from PI. 37, fig. 1; 17; Nilssonia nipponensis, from PI. 37, fig. 2. 668. Mesozoic plants from the Akai'Wa Formation 357 p. -11 (Tannohama & Mizutani, Ryo Locality: Bettokuzure. seki Formation). Occurrence: Rare. 1931. Sphenopteris goepperti DU:,\KER: OISHI, Specimens: BK5-022, BK5-034. p. 6, pI. 1, figs. 11, 12 (Takada, Ryo seki Formation)_ 19·10. Sphenopteris (Ruffordia) goepperti Du:,\ Form-genus AdianUtes KER: OISHI, p. 238, pI. 8, fig. 4 (Takaji, Ryoseki Formation). GOEPPERT, 1836: 173 1958b. Sphenopteris (Ruffordia) goepperti DUN Adiantites sp. B KER: KIMURA, p.17 (Mochiana, Kuzu ryu Group). 1975a. Adiantites sp. B. KIMURA: p. 76, pI. 7, figs. 6, 7. Remarks: Two incomplete sterile pinnae only were found. Their venation is not A single incomplete pinnule, though its visible but they agree in general appea apical part missing, agrees in general out rance with the specimens cited above. line and venation with those described by Sphenopteris goepperti is very common KIMURA as Adiantites sp. B from the in Japan in the Late Jurassic and Early middle member (Horizons-TC & TD) of Cretaceous in age. the Tamodani Formation. OISHI (1940, p. 238) included Acrosti Localities: Tamodani, Horizons- TC & chopteris longipennis recorded by NAGAO TD; Bettokuzure. (1926, p. 380) and A. efr. longipennis by Occurrence: Rare, one specimen only from Y ABE (1927a, p. 41) from the Arita For Bettokuzure. mation, an equivalent of the Lower Mo SPecimen: BK-047. nobegawa Formation in Sphenopteris goepperti. But we distinguish them as a result of unpublished work (KIMURA Adiantites sp. C & KANSHA, MS). Text-fig. 9 Locality: Bettokuzure. Occurrence: Rare. Text-fig. 9 shows an incomplete slender Specimens: BK -010, BK -113. pinnate frond, the rachis is buried in the matrix. Pinnules small, possibly short Sphenopteris kochibeana stalked, semi-orbicular in form, and with (YOKOYAMA) OISHI undulate or irregularly and shallowly lobed distal margin; nerves numerous, Text-fig. 7 divergent and repeatedly forking dichoto mously. Fructification not known. 1975a. Sphenopteris kochibeana (YOKOYA:VIA) The present pinnules, which show their OISHI: KIMURA, p. 79, pI. 5, fig. 10; figs. 4-7a, b (uppermost member of the veins faintly, remind us of those of Tamodani Formation). Adiantites toyoraensis originally named by OISHI (1931i and described in 1940 Remarks: As was stated by OISHI (1940, from the Kiyosue Formation, Yamaguchi p. 242), this species should be placed in Prefecture, but their venation is somewhat the Form-genus Sphenopteris rather than different. Adiantites as the habit of the frond, Locality: Osugidani. especially the shape of pinnules and Occurrence One slab only. nervation are Sphenopteris-like. SPecimen: OS-031. :~58 Tatsuaki KIMURA and Shindi SEIUDO
Adiantites sp. D Several pinna fragments were obtained. PI. 38, fig. 2 (BK -163) shows one of the PI. 36, fig. 4; Text-fig. 8 pinna fragments obtained and Text-fig. PI. 36, fig. 4 shows an incomplete slender 13 and 14 show the outline of pinnules pinnate frond, its rachis is buried in the and detailed venation. matrix. Pinnules small, cuneate and Remarl
mens, two ill-preserved pinna fragments, represented only by Dictyozamites cfr. to Raphaelia is based on their markedly cordatus in contrast with the abundant constricted bases of their pinnules. The occurrence of various Dictyozamites present pinnules are different in form species from the underlying Oguchi For and size from those of Raphaelia sp. A mation. shown above. Locality: Bettokuzure. Occurrence: Rare. Dictyozamites cfr. cordatus Specimens: BK-151, BK-128. (KRYSHTOFOVICH) PRYNADA
PI. 37, fig. 1; Text-fig. 16 Form-genus Onychiopsis YOKOY AM A, 1889: 26 Compare: 1929. Proteaephyllum cordatu11l KRYSHTOFO Onychiopsis elongata VICII: p. 125, pI. 59, fig. 5. (GEYLER) YOKOYAMA 1932. Proteaephyllu11l cordatu11l KRYSHTOFO· VIOl: KRYSHTOFOVICH & PRYNADA, PI. 36, fig. 1; Text·fig. 4 p. 373. 1933. Proteaephyllum cordatu11l KRYSIITOFO 1877. Thyrsopteris elongata GEYLER: p. 224, \"ICH: pI. 3, fig. l. pI. 30, fig. 5; pI. 31, figs. 4-5 (Kuwa· 1963. Dictyozamites cordatus (KRYSHTOFO shima, Oguchi Formation). VIOl) PRYNADA: p. 109, pI. 3, fig. 2. For further references, see KIMURA, 1967. Dictyozamites cordatus (KRYSHTOFO 1975a. VICH) PRYNADA: KRASSILOV, p. 155, pI. fig. pI. fig. l. Many sterile pinna fragments referable 42, 1; 43, 1970. Dictyozamites cordatus (KRYSIITOFO to this well· known species were obtained, VIOl) PRYNADA: VAKHRA~lEEV, p. 121, one of which was shown in PI. 36, fig. 1 Text-figs. 1, 2. (BK-103). Text-fig. 4 shows an outline of pinnules and venation drawn from Description: Pinna nearly circular in BK-103. outline, 4.5 cm long and 4 cm wide at Localities: Tamodani (Horizons-TC, TD) ; middle, attached to the rachis by a very Bettokuzure; Osugidani. narrow area at the centre of its cordate Occurrence: Common. base; both basal angles rounded; upper SPecimens: BK-030, BK-103, BK-138, OS- surface of lamina convex; lamina filled 022, OS-009, OS-041, OS-052, OS-093, with fine meshes as partly shown in OS-103, OS-l07. Text-fig. 16. A single pinna fragment was obtained Bennetti tales and all that we could make out of its margin and venation is shown in Text Genus Dictyozamites OLDHAM & fig. 16. MORRIS, 1863: 37 Remarks: In its pinna outline and evenly distributed fine meshes on its We illustrated in our previous paper lamina. the present specimen reminds the typical pinna forms of 25 Dictyoza us of Dictyoza mites cordatus originally mites species known at that time. It is regarded by KRYSHTOFOVICH as a dico worth mentioning that Dictyozamites is tyledon, Proteaephyllum cordatum and quite rare in the Akaiwa Formation and later transferred by PRYNADA (1963) and 360 . Tatsuaki KIMURA and Shinji ,SEKIDO KRASSILov (1967) with the help of their KIMURA, p. 29, ,pI. 5, fig. 3 (Mekkodani, new material from the Lower Cretaceous Oguchi Formation). of Southern Primorye to Dictyozamites and also by V AKHRAMEEV (1970) from Description: Segments long and narrow, the Lower Cretaceous of Lena Basin. with acutely pointed apices, attached to Dictyozamites cordatus is the only the upper edge of rachis at a wide angle species known to us with round, sessil below and about 50 degrees above, by pinnae but because our specimen is ill their whole bases. Upper segments preserved we merely determine it as D. falcate. Nerves simple, parallel, distant, cfr. cordatus. Dictyozamites kawasakii 4-5 in number in each segment, running is somewhat similar but has oblong pin obliquely ,downwards in the grooved nae and its vein meshes are long and surface of the rachis to its median line. wide in the middle region and short and Two leaf fragments which agree well narrow near the margins instead of being with those dercribed by YOKOYAMA under uniform (see KIMURA & SEKIDO, 1976). the name of Dioonites kotoei regarded Locality: Bettokuzure. later by OISHI as Nilssonia kotoi, were Occurrence: One specimen only. obtained. PI. 37, fig. 5 (BK-027) shows SPecimen: BK-112. a part of an elongate-obqvate to leaf. Remarks: Nilssonia brongniarti(MANTEL) BRONN is one of the allied forms to this Cycadales species. N. brongniarti is known from Genus Nilssonia BRONGNIART, the Wealden of England and Germany and from the Lower Cretaceous of 1825: 200 Western Canada (BELL, 1956) and South In the Akaiwa Formation Nilssonia ern Primorye (KRASSILOV, 1967). KRAS leaves are rather rare than those in the SILOV referred Dioonites kotoi described Oguchi Formation and only Nilssonia by KRYSHTOFOVICH (1916, 1928) and by kotoi, N. lobatidentata, N. nipponensis and KRYSHTOFOVICH & PRYNADA (1932) to N. cfr. orientalis have' been known. N. brongniarti. According to OISHI (1940), Nilssonia kotoi is distinguishable by its nerves Nilssonia kotoi (YOKOYAMA) OISHI which bend downwards on the rachis instead of being straight in N. brong PI. 37, fig. 5 niarti. 1889. Dioonites kotoei YOKOYAMA: p. 44, pI. Several allied forms to this species 7, figs. 1a-c, Ie; pI. 14 fig. 14 (Kuwa have been described from the Lower shima & Hakogase, Oguchi Formation Cretaceous in the Siberian Palaeofloristic and its equivalent). Area. They include Nilssonia sinensis 1905. Dioonites? sp. Y ABE: p. 14, pI. 3, fig. 7 YABE & OISHI (1933, p. 224, pI. 33, figs. (Nagdong Group, Korea). 7-9, 9a; pI. 35, fig. 2) from the Jurasso 1905. Ctenophyllum,? sp. YABE: p. 15, pI. 4, Cretaceous (or Liassic) of Sha-ho-tzu and fig. 7: (Nagdong Group). 1940. Nilssonia kotoi (YOKOYAMA) .OISHI: p. Wei-chia-pu-tzu, Liaoning, N-E China, N. 302, pI. 25, figs. 3, '3a; pI. 44, fig. 3B borealis SAMYLINA (1964, p. 70, pI. 18, (kuwashima & Okamigo, Oguchi 'For figs. 1-3) from the Lower Cretaceous of ma Hon and its equivalent). Kolyma Basin, and so on. As was pointec 1961. Nilssonia kotoi (YOKOYAMA) o ISI'lI ': out by OISHI (1940), this species is indis- 663. Mesozoic plants from the Akaiwa Formation 361
tinguishable externally from N. sinensis. leaves by the help of several students. Dioonites ? sp. and Ctenophyllum ? sp. These leaves agree essentially with this described by Y ABE from the Lower Siberian species. Cretaceous Nagdong Group is now re The comparison with other Nilssonia ferable to this species, though Y ABE'S leaves with dentate distal margin of specimens are incomplete. segments, i.e., Nilssonia orskica GENKINA, Locality: Bettokuzure. N. prinadae V ACHRAMEEV, N. magnifolia Occurrence: Rare. SAMYLINA, N. denticulata THOMAS and Specimens: BK-027, BK-079. N. serrulata OISHI, was already mentioned in our previous paper. Indeed, it is worth mentioning that the Nilssonia lobatidentata V ASSILEVSKAJA first four are all Siberian and the last one PI. 36, fig. 7; PI. 38, fig. 1 ; Text-figs. 18, 19 is from the Lower Cretaceous Nagdong 1963. Nilssonia lobatidentata V ASSILEVSKAjA: Group, Korea. VASSILEVSKAjA & PAVLOV, pI. 6, figs. The occurrence of this species from 1-3 (Lower Cretaceous of Lena Basin). the Lower Cretaceous of "Tetori Basin" 1972. Nilssonia lobatidentata V ASSILEVSKAjA: is notable because it gives evidence p. 322, pI. 7-1, figs. 1, 2 (original des suggesting similarity of environment at cription; Lower Cretaceous of Lena that time between Siberia and the "Tetori Basin). Basin", Inner Zone of Japan. 1970. Nilssonia lobatidentata VASSILEVSKAjA: Locality: Bettokuzure. ABRA:.\IQV A, p. 45, pI. -1, figs. 2-5 Occurrence: Common. (Lower Cretaceous of Lena Basin). SPecimens: BK-044, BK-073, BK-136, BK- 1976. Nilssonia lobatidentata V ASSILEVSKAjA: 143, BK-153 (collected by J. HORIUCHI), KIMURA & SEKlDO: p. 307, text fig. 41 (Mekkodani, Oguchi Formation). BK-154, BK-157, BK-173 (collected by N. SASAKI), BK5-021, BK5-064. Description: Leaf elongate-oblanceolate in outline, tapering gradually below, lamina divided into segments which are Nilssonia nipponensis YOKOYAMA uneven in width; commonly equal to PI. 37, fig. 2; Text-fig. 17 length below, then longer than middle to· above; apical segments unusually 1889. Nilssonia nipponensis YOKOY A:YIA: p. 42, broad. Shape of segments very varied pI. 6, fig. 8d; pI. 7, figs. 2-7, 8a; pI. 12, and the distal margin of segments ir fig. 6; pI. 13, fig. 1 (Kuwashima & regularly and strongly dentate. Nerves Okamigo, Oguchi Formation and its equivalent) . simple, 28 per cm at the middle of For further references, see KIMURA & segment. SEKlDO, 1975. Several leaves were obtained. Two of which are shown in PI. 36, fig. 7 (BK- Description: Leaf petioled, oblanceolate 153) and PI. 38, fig. 1 (BK -136) and Text in outline, segmented, incisions sharp. figs. 18 and 19. Segments alternate, perpendicular to Remarks: In our previous paper we the rachis, mostly broader than length, described three incomplete leaves of this straight in the upper margin, strongly species obtained from the Oguchi For convex in the lower, distal margin often mation. From this locality of the Akai finely serrate. Nerves dense, simple, wa Formation, we collected the similar parallel, rising at right angle to the 362 Tatsuaki KIMURA and Shinji SEKIDO
23b
Text-figs. 18-26. 18 & 19. Nilssonia lobatidentata, drawn from PI. 38, fig. 1 and PI. 36, fig. 7; 20. Ginkgoites digitata, from PI. 38, fig. 3; 21. Ginkgoites huttoni, from PI. 38, fig. 5 and PI. 39, fig. 6; 22. Ginkgoites sibirica (BK-167); 23. Ginkgoidium nathorsti (BK-145, BK-032B, BK-052); 24. Podozamites angustifolius, from PI. 37, fig. 3; 25. Elatocladus sp. A, from PI. 39, fig. 8; 26. Pityophyl/um lindstroemi (BK-096). 663. il1esozoic plants from the Alcaiwa Formation 363 rachis. Localities: Tamodani (Horizons-TC & Many leaf fragments were obtained. TD); Bettokuzure. Text-fig. 17 shows two typical leaves Occurrence: Common. drawn from PI. 37. fig. 2 (BK-088). SPecimens: BK-001, BK-009, BK-046, BK- Remarks: The general feature of present 060, BK-069, BK-074, BK-088, BK-093, leaves agrees well with the original BK-117. BK-155. diagnosis of Nilssonia nipponensis given by YOKOY Al\IA (1889). cfr. HEER Nilssonia Ilipponensis is the only species Nilssonia orientalis of Nilssonia so far known in which the 1975a. Nilssonia dr. orientalis REEf< : KIMURA, leaves have been found still attached to p. SO, pI. 7, fig. S. a stem, the stem being slender and named Nilssoniocladus nipponensis by us (KIMU Locality: Tamodani, Horizon-TD. RA & SEKIDO, 1975). Occurrence: Rare. It is evident that the present leaves agree with those of Nilssoniocladus nip Genus Tetoria KIMURA & SEKIDO, ponensis, although in this locality no leafy 1974: 23 shoot has been found so far. There are, however, some slight dif We instituted this genus based upon ferences in the form of segments between the bipinnate cycadean leaves from the the leaves of the Akaiwa Formation and Oguchi Formation, of which penultimate those of the Oguchi Formation; in the pinnae were close to pinnate leaves of specimens from the Akaiwa Formation, Pseudocycas in external morphology, and segments are broader than long, strongly described Tetoria endoi (1974). convex in the lower margin and finely The name Tetoria has also been used serrate at the distal margin, while in for an animal, a bivalve, but this does those from the underlying Oguchi For not affect its validity as a name for a mation, segments are rising obliquely, plant. mostly longer than broad except for basal ones, not so convex in the lower Tetoria endoi KIMURA & SEKIDO margin and entire at the distal margin. We now think that such differences as PI. 37, fig. 6 mentioned above do not deserve to insti tute a new species. It is, however, certain 1940. PseZldocycas? acuti/o/ia OISHI: p. 337, that the form of segments of this species pI. 33, figs. 2, 3, 3a (Kuwashima & Kowashimizu, Oguchi Formation and altered with the passage of geological its equivalent). time. 1974. Tetoria endoi KIMURA & SEKIDO: p. 23, The present leaves resemble somewhat pIs. 1-3; text-figs. 1-6 (Mekkodani, Nilssonia schmidtii(HEER) SEWARD known Oguchi Formation). from the J urasso-Cretaceous of Amurland in some roundish segments in outline. Description: Ultimate pinna linear, long We originally described the stem and narrow, nearly parallel-sided through bearing Nilssonia nipponensis leaves as the most part of blade, gradually tapering Nilssoniocladus nipponense. Now we do towards the acuminate apex, narrowing emend here its specific suffix as nip near base and decurrent at base. Mid ponensis. nerve occupying a half of the breadth 364 Tatsuaki KIMURA and Shinji SEKIDO of blade. 1940. Ginkgoites digitata (BRONGNIART) SE Remarks: The present specimen, the only WARD: OISHI, p. 377, pI. 38, figs. 7-9 one obtained is incomplete and ill-preser (various localities, Oguchi Formation ved, but agrees with the penultimate and its equivalents). 1948. Ginkgo digitata (BRONGNIART) HEER: pinna of this species. HARRIS, p; 207, figs. 7A-D; fig. 8 As formerly mentioned by us, apart (Yorkshire). from the bipinnate character, the external For further references, see OISHI, 1940, morphology of this species reminds us of p. 377 and HARRIS, 1974, pp. 9-10. Pseudocycas insignis originally described by NATHORST (1907, p.4, pl. 1, figs. 1-5) Description: Laminae cuneate, with a from the Upper Cretaceous of Greenland. basal angle of 45 degrees, divided by a Judging from the strongly decurrent shallow sinus into two halves with base, OISHI'S Pseudocycas ? acutifolia truncated or irregularly lobed apical corresponds to the apical portion of margins. Nerves divergent, dichotom penultimate pinna of this species. ously forkinK at all levels on the apical Locality: Bettokuzure. half of lamina. Occurrence: One specimen only. Several incomplete Ginkgoites leaves Specimen: BK -089. referable to this comprehensive species were obtained, one of which was shown iri PI. 38, fig. 3 (BK -176). Text-fig. 20 Ginkgoales shows an entire leaf joined leaf fragments at hand together. Genus Ginkgoites SEWARD, 1919 :10 Remarks: Leaves of considerably varied Our material offers no basis for further gross form have been described under discussion of the distinction between the the name Ginkgo or Gin/?goites digitata use of Ginkgo and Ginkgoites for a fossil from Jurassic and Crataceous floras of leaf. We follow various recent Russian many parts of the world. authors in using the name Ginkgoites. The present specimens are fairly varied Our material provides no microscopic i.n gross form from the type specimens details. illustrated by BRONGNIART (1830, p. 219, The following is a key to Ginkgoites pl. 61, figs. 2, 3) as Cyclopteris digitata. leaves from Bettokuzure; But the present specimens agree well in gross form with those described by OISHI 1) Laminae divided by a shallow sinus into from the Oguchi Formation and also with two halves with truncated or irregular those shown by SEWARD (1919, p. 17) in apical margins ...... G. digitata fig. 635-1 from the Jurassic of Yorkshire 2) Laminae deeply divided into four seg and fig. 635-J from the Jurassic of ments with a rounded or somewhat Scotland (after STOPES). Accordingly lobed apex ...... G. huttoni 3) Laminae deeply cleft into five or mor~ we here followed OISHI'S treatment that linear segments ...... G. sibirica the. type of leaves which he had called Ginkgoites digitata included all the leaves of Cyclopteris digitata-type of BRONGNI Ginkgoites digitata (BRONGNIART) ART, the laminae of which were almost SEWARD entire or shallowly lobed and the apex of each segment was more or less PI. 38, fig. 3; Text-fig. 20 truncated or broadly rounded instead of 663. Mesozoic plants from the Alcaiwa Formation 365
being rather obtusely rounded. four ultimate segments with rounded Locality: Bettokuzure. " apex. A lateral segment usually repeat Occurrence: Common. edly shallowly lobed at apex. Nerves Specimens: BK-176, BK-168 and many forking occasionally only on the basal leaf· fragments .. half of segments, 15-18 in number at the middle portion of each segment. Several . incomplete specimens were Ginkgoites huttoni (STERNBERG) obtained, two of which were shown in BLACK PI. 38, fig. 5 and PI. 39, fig. 6 (BK -109, BK -083). Text-fig. 21 is a restoration PI. 38, fig. 5; PI. 39, fig. 6; Text·fig. 21 made from various damaged leaves. 1940. Ginkgoitesdigitata (BRONGNIART) var. Remarlls: The present set of leaves seem hut toni SEWARD: OISIII, p.,378, pI. 38, remarkably little varied in outline for a fig. 10 (Upper Triassic and Lower fossil Ginllgoites leaves. The present Jurassic of Japan). specimens agree well in gross form with 1948. Ginkgo huttoni (STERNBERG) HEER: that illustrated by OISHI (1940, pI. 38, HARRIS, p. 192, figs. 4, 5, 6I-L, 7E fig. 10) from Kuwashima of the Oguchi (Yorkshire; the type locality). Formation, most of those by HARRIS 1958. Ginkgo huttoni (STERNBERG) HEER: (1948, fig. 4A-K) from the Jurassic of VAKHRAMEEV, p. 107, pI. 25, figs. 4,5; Yorkshire and those by HEER (1876, pI. pI. 26, figs. 2, 3 (Lower Cretaceous of 10, fig. 10; 1878, pI. 5, fig.1b; pI. 7, fig. 4; Lena Basin). 1961. Ginkgo ex gr. huttoni (STERNBERG) pI. 10, fig. 8) from the J urasso-Cretaceous HEER (pars): V AKIIRAMEEV & DOLlJ of Svalbard and East Siberia. DE"KO, p. 101, pI. 47', figs. 2; 5, 6 Ginllgo jampolensis originally described (Jurasso-Cretaceous of Bureja Basin). by LEBEDEV (1965, p. 108) from the 1963. Ginkgo huttoni (STERNBERG) HEER: Jurasso-Cretaceous of Zeia River area VASSILEVSKAJA & PAVLOV, pI. 8, fig. (v. g., pI. 27, figs. 1,3; p1.28, fig. 1; text 2; pI. 13, fig. 2; pI. 26, fig. 2; pI. 36, figs. 34, 35) is most allied form to this fig. 5 (Lower Cretaceous of Lena Basin). species. 1966. Ginkgo huttoni (STERNBERG) HEER: Ginkgo polaris including its variety GENKI"A, p. 93, pI. 43, figs. 1-4 (Upper pig71laea NA THORST originally described Triassic and Lower Jurassic of Issyk Kul Basin). by N ATHORST (1889, pI. 1, fig. 8) from 1970. Ginkgo huttoni (STERNBERG) HEER: the Jurassic of Franz-Josef Land and TESLE:'-iKO, p. 152, pI. 35, figs. 2-5, 7 later by THOMAS (1911, pI. 4, fig. 8) from (Jurassic of Western and Southern the Jurassic of Kamenka and by VAS Siberia) . SILEVSKAJ A & PAVLOV (1963, pI. 37, figs. 1972. Ginkgoites huttoni (STERNBERG) BLACK: 2-4) from the Lower Cretaceous of Lena DOLUDENKO & LEBEDEV, p. 93, .pls. 1- Basin, is also another allied form to this 3; text-figs. 6, 7 (Yorkshire and J u species. rasso-Cretaceous of East Siberia). Locality: Bettokuzure. For further references, see DOLuDEKKo Occurrence: Common. & LEBEDEV, 1972, pp. 96-98 showing Specimens: BK -011, BK -083, BK -109, BK- the occurrence of this species in Soviet Union and HARRIS, 1974, pp. 9-11. 118, BK -084.
Description: Laminae broadly cuneate, with long petioles, deeply divided into Ginllgoites sibirica (HEER) SEWARD 366 Tatsuaki KIMURA and Shinji SEKIDO Text-fig_ 22 Description: Text-fig. 22 shows, though incomplete, a half of lamina pre3erved, Similar leaves: a Ginkgoites leaf referable to Ginkgoites 1876. Ginkgo sibirica HEER: p. 61, pI. 9, fig. sibirica which is applied more or less in 5b; pI. 11, figs. 1-8; pI. 22, fig. 3 (Ju wide sense to cover all the leaf-impressions rassic of Irkutsk Basin). including types of Ginkgo sibirica, G. 1876. Ginkgo lepida HEER: p. 62, pI. 12, figs. flabeLlata, G. pusiLla, G. lepida and G. 1-10 (Jurassic of Irkutsk Basin). 1876. Ginkgo schmidtiana HEER: p. 60, pI. 13, schmidtiana described by HEER from the figs. 1, 2 (Jurassic of Irkutsk Basin). rich plant beds at Ust-Balei near Irkutsk 1876. Ginkgo flabellata HEER p. 60, pI. 13, in East Siberia. figs. 3, 4 (Jurassic of Irkutsk Basin). judging from the specimen shown in 1876. Ginkgo pusilla HEER: p. 61, pI. 13, fig. Text-fig. 22, lamina semi-orbicular in 6 (Jurassic of Irkutsk Basin). form, deeply divided into about ten 1919. Ginkgoites sibirica (HEER) SEWARD: p. lanceolate ultimate segments each with 24. an obtusely pointed apex. Nerves parallel, 1940. Ginkgoites sibirica (HEER) SEWARD: 7-14 in number in each segment, forking OISHI, p. 380, pI. 38, fig. 11; pI. 39, fig. at the middle portion. 1 (Kiyosue and Oguchi Formations). 1958. Ginkgo sibirica HEER: VAKIIRAMEEV, Remarks: Leaves we determine as Gin p. 108, pI. 26, fig. 1 (Lower Cretaceous kgoites sibirica are rather rare, the best of Lena Basin). specimen (BK-167) is shown in Text-fig. 1963. Ginkgo sibirica HEER: V ASSILEVSKAJA 22. & PAVLOV, pI. 8, fig. 3; pI. 36, fig. 3 A large number of similar leaves have (Lower Cretaceous of Lena .Basin). been figured under the names given by 1966. Ginkgo sibirica HEER: PROSVIRJAKOVA, HEER from many jurassic to Cretaceous p. 100, pI. 20, figs. 2, 7 (Jurassic of flora of Siberia, China and japan and Mangwishlak) . indeed occur under still other names over 1970. Ginkgo sibirica HEER: TEsLENKo, p. most of the world. 150, pI. 33, figs. 3-6; pI. 3,1, figs. 1-6; pI. 51, fig. 4 (Jurassic of Western and Our material does not give an adequate Southern Siberia). basis for discussing the taxonomy of 1972. Ginkgoites sibirica (HEER) SEWARD: the whole group, we merely compare our DOLUDENKO & RASSKAZOVA, p. 1~ ~. specimens with the japanese specimens 1, figs. 1-6 (figs. 1-5, HEER'S speci by OISHI (1932, p. 347, pI. 49, figs. 4, 5). mens) ; pI. 2, figs. 1-10 (HEER'S speci We think it unlikely that they are mens) ; pI. 3, figs. 1-4; pI. 4, figs. 1-5; specifically identical because the ages of pI. 5, figs. 1-5; pI. 6, figs. 1-3; pI. 7, them are quite different. figs. 1-4; pI. 8, figs. 1-3; pI. 9, figs. 1- Locality: Bettokuzure. 10; pI. 10, figs. 1-6 (fig. 6, HERR'S speci Occurrence: Rather rare. men); pI. 12, fig. 1 (all specimens BK -167 and several frag except HEER'S ones from the Jurassic SPecimens: of Irkutsk Basin). ments. 1972. Ginkgoites sibirica (HEER) SEWARD: DOLUDEDKO & LEBEDEv, p. 83, text Genus Ginkgoidium YOKOYAMA, figs. 1-3 (HEER'S specimens) (Jurassic of Irkutsk Basin). 1889: 56 For further refp.rences, sl'e HARRIS, 1974, pp. 20-21. Ginkgoidiu m . nathorsti YOKOYAMA PI. 39, figs. 1-4; Text-figs. 23a-c 663. Mesozoic plants front the Akaiwa Formation 367
1877. ? Podozamites GEYLER: p. 230, pI. 32, fig. 2 (BK -052) show3 the smallest speci fig. 3 (Kuwashima, Oguchi Formation). men, 4 cm long, the width of which 1889. Ginkgodium /lathorsti YOKOy.nL\: p. comparatively broad. Text-fig. 23a shows 57, pI. 2, fig. 4e; pI. 3, fig. 7; pI. 8; pI. the form of lamina and nervation typi 9, figs. 1-10; pI. 12, figs. 1·1, 15 (Kuwa· cally. shima and Ozo, Oguchi Formation). Many specimens referable to Ginkgoi 1911. Ginkgodium nathorsti YOKOYA~I.·\: Tllo dium nathorsti originally described by ~IAS, p. 75, pI. 4, figs. 9-11; pI. 8, fig. 3 (Jurassic of Kamenka). YOKOY AMA from Kuwashima of the 1929. Ginkgodium /lathorsti YOKOYA~IA: TA· Oguchi Formation were obtained. TEIWA, pIa te, fig. 17 (Lower Cretaceous The detached leaves described by THO of Nagdong Group) MAS (1911) as Ginkgodium nathorsti (p. 1940. Ginkgoidium /lathorsti YOKOYA~IA: OI 75, pi 4, figs, 9-11; pI. 8, fig. 3) from the SHI, p. 382, pI. 39, figs. 2-5 (Kuwashi· Jurassic of Kamenka, are smaller in size rna and Kowashimizu, Oguchi Forma than those from Japan and the nerves tion and its equivalent). of the former are, according to THONIAS, 1965. Ginkgodium nathorsti YOKOYA:\IA: KI seldom forked. :\IURA & SEKIDO, p. 3, pI. 2, fig. 2 (Mekkodani, Oguchi Formation). Among the leaves regarded as Spheno baiera or Baiera, there are such similar Description: Leaves varied both in form forms to those of Ginllgoidium as some and size. PI. 39, fig. 4 (BK-145) shows leaves of Baiera polymorpha (v. g. SAM the largest specimen, 15cm long, of which YLINA, 1963, p. 95, pI. 23, fig. 2). Spheno lamina deeply divided by a median sinus baiera pulchella (HEER) FLORIN (v. g., into divergent segments; lamina cuneate, SAMYLINA, 1963, p. 103, pI. 25, fig. 10; narrowing to fuse to short petiole, then pI. 26, fig. 4), some leaves of Sphenobaiera it is difficult to notice the boundary huangi (SZE) KRASSILOV (v. g., KRAS between the lamina and petiole; segments SILOV, 1972, p. 12, pI. 10, figs. 1, 7; pI. 11, asymmetrical, nearly parallel-sided but fig. 1), etc., but this similarity in gross increasing the width towards the distal form is only apparent and they are quite part, then narrowing to truncate or different from Ginllgoidium nathorsti in obtusely rounded apex, the maximum nervation. width 2.3 cm. Nerves originate both YOKOY AMA mentioned that the laminae from petiole and the marginal thick ones were always bilobed with a median sinus, which are particularly prominent in the though in the very young or small leaves lower two-thirds of the margin as also they were often simple. If so, a new shown in PI. 39, fig. 1 (BK -149), parallel. question how to explain the existence often dichotomously forking at the lower of such small leaves with median sinus half of segment, not converging at apex as shown in PI. 39, fig. 2, would arise. as shown in Text-fig. 23c. The number Generally speaking in regard to gross of nerves varied, 25-60 in each segment; form, wedge-shaped leaves with nerves they are distant on large segments while springing both from the petiole and the densely crowded on small ones. No marginal thick nerves have possibly interstitials observed. been referred to Ginlzgoidium or Eret PI. 39, fig. 3 (BK-032B) shows two mophyllum. medium-sized specimens. The apex of According to YOKOYAMA, Ginllgoidium segment often shallowly bilobed as shown nathorsti has two leaf-forms; one is in this figure and Text-fig. 23b. PI. 39, cuneate, broader at apex which is retuse 368 Tatsnaki KIMURA and ShinJi SEKIDO
or is divided by a deep median sinus godium gracile (his plate, fig. 16; OISHI, into divergent obtusely pointed segments, 1940, p. 382, pI. 38, fig. 3) is coexisted another one is entire, obovate or lanceolate with deeply divided leaves of Ginkgoi in outline and with truncate or obtuse diu171 nathorsti (T ATEIW A, 1929, plate, distal end. fig. 17; OISHI, 1940, p. 382). In 1965, we described Eretmophyllum In the Lower Cretaceous of Alaska, tetoriense (p. 2, pI. 2, fig. 1 ; text-fig. 1) based Nageiopsis longifolia originally described upon the fairly long dwarf shoot with by FONTAINE (in W AIm, 1905, p. 171, pI. the terminal crown of leaves which were 45, figs. 1-5) being referable· to Eret referable to entire form of Ginkgodium mophyllum as mentioned by SEWARD nathorsti leaves as shown by YOKOYAMA (1919, p. 60), those entire leaves might (1889) in his pI. 8, figs. 2c, 10, 11 and pI. be in association in occurrence with the 9, figs. 9, 10 from Kuwashima of the deeply divided leaves described also by Oguchi Formation. FONTAINE as Ginl?godiu11l ? alas/?ense (p. In Ginkgo biloba, the leaves terminally 168, pI. 44, figs. 3, 4). on the dwarf shoots are generally nearly KRASSILOV (1972) illustrated several entire or shallowly divided by a median leaves as Eretmophyllu11l gmndulosum sinus (KIMURA & SEKIDO, 1965, pI. 1, figs. (SAMYLINA) from the Jurasso-Cretaceous 2-4) but those spirally on the long shoots of Bureja Basin (pI. 15, figs. 1-5; text are generally deeply divided form (ibid., figs. 7a-i), among which some leaves fig. 1). were entire and others retuse. These We (1965) preliminarily considered that leaves from the Lower Cretaceous of Eretmophyllum tetoriense might be con Aldan River area were formerly regarded specific with Ginkgoidium nathorsti and by SAMYLIKA as Ginl?goidium glandu that the entire leaves were attached to losum (1956, p. 1526, pI. 1, figs. 8-10 ; text the dwarf shoots as terminal crown and fig. 1; 1963. p. 98, pI. 15, figs. 6-9; text other leaves were attached spirally to fig. 12). From the Aldan River area the supposed long shoots as one by one. SAMYLINA also described Ginl?goidiu11l Our presumption mentioned above has amgaensis (p. 98, pI. 27, figs. 5, 6). the not generally accepted because the cuti laminae of which were cuneate and deeply cular characters which might give one divided by a median sinus into divergent of the influential proofs regarding the segments, but this species did not coexist identity of both forms of leaves are still in occurrence with Eretmophyllum glan unknown and both distal long shoots dulosum. bearing leaves of deeply divided form In Eretmophyllu11l pubescens originally and basal long shoots supporting the described by THOMAS from the Jurassic dwarf shoots terminally with the crown of Yorkshire, the leaves are entire of entire leaves, have not been found. or retuse. Unfortunately the species There are, however, some favourable mentioned above were all based on records, that is, the association in occur detached leaves. rence of entire and deeply divided gink Besides the above, several species goalean leaves for our presumption, as regarded as Eretmophyllum have been follows. known; Eretmophyllum whitbiense THO In one locality of the Lower Cretaceous MAS (THOMAS, 1913; HARRIS, 1974) from Nagdong Group, Korea, entire leaves the Jurassic of Yorkshire, E. pulchellus regarded by T ATEIW A (1929) as Gink- (HEER) NATHORST (1919) from the Upper 663. Mesozoic plants from the Akaiwa Formation 369
Jurassic of Svalbard, E. saighanense (SE. PI. 39, fig. 5 WARD) THOMAS (SEWARD, 1912; THO· 1975a. Pseudotorellia sp. K!:V!CRA: p. 81, pI. 8, MAS, 1913) from the Jurassic of Afgha figs. 5, 6 (middle member of the Tamo nistan, E. thomasii DOLUDENKO & SVA dani Formation). NIDZE (1969) from the Upper Jurassic of Georgia, E. cfr. whitbiense THOMAS The pre3ent specimens are similar in (KRASSILOV, 1972) from the Jurasso gross form and nervation to those pre Cretaceous of Breja Basin and E. bailw viously described by KIMURA from the nicum ORLOVSKAJA from the Jurassic middle member of Tamodani Formation. of Kazakhstan. Localities: Tamodani (Horizon-TD); Bet- These leaves are too few in number tokuzure. in occurrence or too incomplete to use Occurrence: Common. them for the favourite records for our SPecimens: BK-127, BK-015, BK-146, BK- presumption. 035, BK-104, BK-142. EretmophylLum bailwnicum (ORLOVS KAJA, 1962, p.1443, fig. 3) has the laminae Czekanowskiales without marginal thick nerves, differing from other leaves referred to Ginkgoidium Genus Czekanowskia HEER, 1876: 70 or EretmophylLum. The same is to Cyclo. pteris squamata (ETTINGSHAUSEN, 1952. Czekallowskia sp. p. 13, pI. 4, fig. 1) from the Lower Cre Several incomplete filamentous leaves taceous of Austria which was said to referable to this genus were obtained. included possibly in Eretmophyllum by Locality: Bettokuzure. SEW ARD (1919, p. 59). Occurrence: Rare. Under such conditions as mentioned SPecimen: BK -115. above, the relation between Ginilgoidiu1Il nathorsti and Eretmophyllum tetoriense is still uncertain. Then we now una Genus Leptostrobus HEER, 1876 voidably regard the present detached em. HARRIS, 1951: 485 leaves as Ginkgoidiu111 nathorsti followed by YOKOYAMA. Our material does not add to the infor The name Ginkgoidium was suggested mation given by HAImIs, 1951 and KRAS by HARRIS (1935, p. 6) in reference to SILOV, 1972. They regard Leptostrobus Ginkgodium YOKOYAMA. as the fructification of various species Locality: Bettokuzure. of Czekanowsllia, Phoenicopsis or allied Occurrence: Very abundant. genera of the Czekanowskiales. Specimens: BK-004, BK-013, BK-032, BK- Recently TAKAHASHI & OKAFUJI (1970) 052, BK-056, BK-057, BK-062, BK-080, described Leptostrobus longus HARRIS on BK-081, BK-092, BK-126, BK-130, BK- their new material from the Middle Tri 145, BK-149, BK5-037, BK5-066, BK5- assic Momonoki Formation, the Mine 035, BK5-029. Group, Omine Coal-Field, Yamaguchi Prefecture and removed Cfr. Leptostrobus luxifiora HEER formerly described by Genus Pseudotorellia FLORI~, OISHI & T AKAHASHl (1936, p. 130, text 1936: 142 fig. 5) and by OISHI (1940, p. 413) from Pseudoto7'elLiu sp. the Middle Triassic Yamanoi Formation, :370 Tatsuaki KIMURA and Shinji SEKIDO Yamaguchi Prefecture, to L. longus. BK5-011, BK5-012, BK5-069. According to TAKAHASHI & OKAFUJI, their fructifications determined as Lep Coniferales-Broad leaves .tostrobus longus were associated with Phoenicopsis angustifolia but not with Genus Podozamites BRAUN, 1843 any Czekanowskia leaves. Podozamites angustifolius (EICHWALD) HEER Leptoslroblls sp. PI. 37, fig. 3; Text-fig. 24 PI. 38, fig. 7 1876. Podozamites angustifolius (EICHWALD) Cone axis 1. 5 mm thick, elongated HEER: p. 45, pI. 26, fig. 11 (Jurasso {imperfectly known), Probably arising Cretaceous of East Siberia). from a whorl of scale leaves about 3 mm 1878. Podozamites angustifolius (EICHWALD) long and 0.5 mm wide. Lateral append HEER: p. 22, pI. 5, fig. 12 (fig. lIb?) ages 3 mm wide borne singly on stalks (Lower Cretaceous of AmurJand). 1 mm long at a wide angle, each append 1933. Podozamites angustifolius (EICHWALD) HEER: KRYSHTOFOVICH & PRYNADA, age round flattened composed of two p. 17, pI. 4, fig. 1 (Jurassic of Ural). valves. Valves typically marked by seven 1958. Podozamites angustifolius (EICHWALD) ridges passing from the stalk to the HEER: V AKHRAMEEV, p. 122, p. 31, figs. margin, ridges mostly simple but oc 3-5; pI. 32, fig. 5 (Lower Cretaceous of casionally forked. Lena Basin). Our material is plentiful but poorly 1963. Podozamites angustifolius (EICHWALD) preserved. Some of the appendages are HEER: VASSILEVSKAjA & PAVLOV, pI. empty and flat but others full of matrix 9, fig. 2; pI. 17, fig. la; pI. 41 (Lower and nearly spherical. We have no proof Cretaceous of Lena Basin). that the cluster of scale leaves is really 1963. Podozamites angustifolius (EICHWALD) f. brevis VASSILEVSKAjA: VASSILE at the base of the cone axis. VSKAjA & PAVLOV, pI. 8, fig. 10 (Lower We note that both this and Czekano Cretaceous of Lena Basin). wskia are from Bettokuzure but the 1966. Podozamites angustifolius (EICHWALD) Czekanowskia is rare. No fragments HEER: GENKINA, p. 110, pI. 55, figs. 1- which could be Czekanowskia or Phoe 6 (Upper Triassic and Lower Jurassic nicopsis occur with the Leptostrobus of Issyk-Kul Basin). capsules. 1966. Podozamites angustifolius (EICHWALD) The present cones resemble in the form HEER: PROSVIRjAKOVA, p. 105, pI. 22, of valves described by SAMYLINA (1967) fig. 1 (Jurassic of Mangwishlak); as Leptostrobus marginatus from the 1970. Podozamites angustifolius (EICHW ALD) Lower Cretaceous of Zyrianka Coal-Field HEER: TEsLENKo, p. 168, pI. 45, figs. (p. 150, pI. 11, figs. 4-7) and by VAS 1-4; pI. 52, fig. 1 (Jurassic of Western and Southern Siberia). SILEVSKAJ A and PAVLOV (1963) as L. limbatus VASSILEVSKAJA from the Lower Description: Pinnae long and narrow, Cretaceous of the Lena Basin (pI. 9, fig. nearly parallel-sided, typically 3. 5 cm 8,; pI. 43, fig. 12). long and 5 mm wide, narrowing gradually Locality: Bettokuzure. towards obtusely pointed apices, attached Occurrence: Common. at an angle of about 60 degrees, dis Specimens: BK -114, BK5-041, BK5-042, tichously by their contracted bases to 663. Mesozoic plants from the Akaiwa Formation 371 the slender rachis. Nerves parallel. Locality: Bettokuzure. simple, converging at the apex, 15 in Occurrence: Common. number on each pinna. SPecimens: BK-033. BK-019, BK-061, BK- Many incomplete shoots with slender 021, BK-082, BK-051, BK-050, BK-I00, leaves were obtained, one of which is BK5-013. shown in PI. 37, fig. 3 (BK-002). Text fig. 24 shows distichously attached leaves Podozamites reinii GEYLER drawn from BK-002. Remarks: This species is widely known 1877. Podozamites reillii GEYLER: p. 229, pI. from the Triassic to Lower Cretaceous 33, fig. 4a; pI. 34, figs. 1, 2, 3b, 4, 5a of Siberia and Central Asia and is char (Kuwashima, Oguchi Formation). acterized by its long and narrow leaves 1975a. Podozamites reinii GEYLER : KIMURA, p. with obtusely pointed apex. 82, pI. 7, fig. 10 (middle member of the Tamodani Formation). In our material the leaves are borne For further references, see KIMURA,. one at each node in two lateral ranks, 1975a. the distichous arrangement but in many other species the leaves arise on all side Remm'ks: Many specimens were obtained. of the axis in spiral. It is worth mentioning that this species The first occurrence of this species is and its allied forms are, as mentioned of special significance, because it might in detail by KIMURA (1975a), known mainly show one of the favourable materials from the Younger Mesozoic of Siberia, representing the close relation between Central Asia, Korea and the "Tetori the floras in the Siberian Palaeofloristic Basin" of Japan. Area and the Akaiwa Flora. Localities: Tamodani (Horizons-TD, TE), The present leaves resemble those of Hayashidani (Horizon-HC); Bettoku Podozamites schenki HEER known from zure. the Upper Triassic and the Jurassic of Occurrence: Very abundant. China, Korea, Japan and Siberia and Specimens: BK-003, BK-008, BK-016, BK- many other parts of the Northern He 019, BK-020, BK-034, BK-036, BK-039, misphere, but in P. schenki leaves are BK-040, BK-042, BK-053, BK-055, BK- with acuminate apices instead of obtuse 066, BK-067, BK-068, BK-075, BK-076, ones. BK-078, BK-087, BK-091, BK-095, BK- Podozamites gra11lineliS HEER known 099, BK-I01, BK-116, BK-119, BK-129, also from the Mesozoic of Siberia is BK-134, BK-137, BK-159, BK5-054, BK another allied form to this species, but 5-016, BK5-061, BK5-023, BK5-070, BK in P. gramineus, leaves are more slender 5-056. in habit than those of this species. Locality: Bettokuzure. Coniferales-Narrow leaves Occurrence: Common. SPecimens: BK-002. BK-071. BK-090, BK- Form-genus Elatocladus HALLE 139, BK-160, BK-162, BK5-074. em HARRIS, 1969: 249
HARRIS (1969) gave the emended defin Podozamites ex gr. lanceolatus ition to this form-genus originally insti (LINDLEY & HUTTON) BRAUN tuted by HALLE in such a way as to be available for any sort of conifer shoots,. 372 Tatsuaki KIMURA and Shinji SEKIDO
as follows; Shoot bearing leaves spirally and 0.4 mm wide, nearly parallel-sided, (rarely opposite). Leaf elongated, dorsi contracted at base, attaching spirally to ventrally flattened, diverging from stem; the axis by very short petiole, decur at base strongly contracted and forming rent to the leaf-cushion, dorsiventrally a short petiole attaching it to basal cu flattened. Lamina with a midvein, per shion. Lamina with a single vein. sisting to the bluntly pointed apex, both lateral margins strongly reflexed. Four incomplete leafy shoots were Elatocladus sp. A obtained. The present specimens are PI. 39, fig. 8; Text·fig. 25 different in leaf-form from Elatocladus sp. A here described. The present speci Spirally disposed and closely set leaves mens are also too incomplete to make dorsiventrally flattened, elongate-lanceo any comparison. late in outline, 6. 5-10 mm long and 1. 2- Locality: Bettokuzure. 2 mm wide at middle, contracted at base Occurrence: Rare. to form very short petiole attaching it Specimens: BK-005, BK-161 (collected by to basal cushion and with obtusely pointed T. TOlO). apex. Lamina with a single vein. Our specimens shown in PI. 39, fig, 8 Form-genus Pityophyllu11l (BK-094) and Text-fig. 25 agree in external features with the emended defin NATHORST, 1897: 62 ition given by HARRIS. They resemble Pityophyllum lindstroemi NATHORST closely Palissya sp. described by YOKO Y AMA (1889, p. 64, pI. 3, fig. 11) from Text-fig. 26 Kuwashima of the Oguchi Formation, though in his specimen, all apices are 1897. Pinites (Pityophyllum) lindstroemi NA THORST: p. 40; p. 67, pI. 5, figs. 13-15, broken. 18-31; pI. 6, figs. 17, 18 (Jurasso.Cre Locality: Bettokuzure. taceous of Svalbard). Occurrence: Rare. 1889. Pinus nordenskijoldi HEER: YOKOYAMA, Specimens: BK-094, BK-171. p. 63, pI. 9, fig. 12b (Kuwashima, Ogu chi Formation). Elatocladus sp. B 1910. Pityophyllum lindstroemi NATIIORST: KRYSHTOFOVICH, p. 16, pI. 3, fig. 9 PI. 38, fig. 4; PI. 39, fig. 9 (Jurasso-Cretaceous of Ussuri). 1915. Pityophyllum lindstroemi NATHORST: Leaves long and narrow, 5.5 cm long KRYSHTOFOVICH, p. 113, pI. 6, fig. 9
Explanation of Plate 36
Fig. 1. Onychiopsis elollgata (GEYLER) YOKOYAMA; x 2 (BK-103) Fig. 2. Gleichenites aff. porsildi SEWARD; nat. size (OS-006) Fig. 3. Coniopteris sp. cfr. C. hymenophylloides (BR02' (Jurasso-Cretaceous of Tyrm). 1-171; II (1837-1838), p. 1-72, pIs. 1-28, 1915. Pityophyllum 'lindstroemi NATIIORST: Paris. KRYSHTOFovlcH, p. 85, pI. 1, figs. 6-8 DEBEY, M. H. & ETTI~GSHAUSE]\;, C. (1859): (Jurassic of Baikal). Die Urweltlichen Acrobryen des Kreide 1963. Pityophyllum lindstroemii NATHORST: gebirges von Aachen und Maestricht. SA:VIYLlI"A, p. 109, pI. 9, fig. 1b (Lower Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 17, p. 1-68, Cretaceous of Aldan). pIs. 1-7. 1975a. Pityophyllum sp. KI:vwRA: p. 85, pI. 7, DOLUDE"IKO, M. P. & LEBEDEV, E. L. (1972): fig. 11; pI. 8, fig. 11 (Uppermost Mem Cinkgoites sibirica and "C. huttoni" of ber of Tamodani Formation). East Siberia. Mesozoic plants (Ginkgoales and Czekanowskiales) of East Siberia. Leaves over 4 cm long, 1. 5-2 mm wide, Acad. Sci. USSR, Trans., vol. 230, p.82- lamina tapering gradually to the base 101, pIs. 1-3 (in Russian). and abruptly to the apex, petiole absent, -- & RAssKA2ovA, E. S. (1972): Ginkgoales apex obtuse. Midrib conspicuous and and Czekanowskiales of the Irkutsk two thicker bands present but less con· Basin. Ibid., p. 7-43, pIs. 1-49 (in Ru~· spicuous. sian). PityophyLLum lindstroemi is represented -- & SVA;-JIDZE, Ts. I. (1969): The Late by many detached leaves. They agree Jurassic flora of Georgia. Acad. Sci. with those previously described by KIMU USSR, Ceol Inst. Trans., vol. 178, p. 1- RA as PityophyLLum sp. from the upper 116, pIs. 1-81 (in Russian). most member of Tamodani Formation. ETTI:"GSHACSEN, C. (1852): Beitrag zur naheren der Flora der Wealdenperiode. Locality: Bettokuzure. Abhandl. k. k. Ceol. Reichsanst. Wien, Occurrence: Common. Bd. 3, nr. 2, p. 1-32, pIs. 1-5. SPecimens: BK -096, BK -180, BK5-034. FLORI~, R. (1936): Die fossilen Ginkgo phyten von Franz-Josef Land. I. Spe· Postscript: Many wood remains collected zieller Teil. Palaeontgr. B, Bd. 81, p. by us from the Akaiwa Formation will 71-173, pIs. 11-42. be described in the near future. -- (1936): Die fossilen Ginkgophyten von Franz-Josef Land. II. Allgemeiner Teil. Ibid., Bd. 82, p. 1-72, pIs. 1-6. References FO:"L\II"E, W. N. (1889): The Potomac or Younger Mesozoic flora. U. S. Ceol. ABR.MIOVA, L. N. (1970): Early Cretaceous Surv., Mon. 15, Pt. 1, Text, p. 1-377; Pt. flora from Zygansk and the adjacent 2, pIs. 1-180. area of the Lena Basin. Palaeont. Biostr., -- (1905, in WARD): Status of the Meso B. 29, p. 36-57, pIs. 1-10 (in Russian). zoic floras of the Unites States. Ibid., ARCHA:"GELSKY, S. (1965): Fossil Ginkgoales Mon. 48, p. 1-616, pIs. 1-45. from the Tico flora, Santa Cruz Province, GEI"KII"A, R. Z. (1966): Fossil flora and A,rgentina. Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), stratigraphy of the Lower Mesozoic vol. 10, no. 5, p. 121-137, pIs. 1-5. deposits of the Issyk-Kul Basin (Nor· BELL, W. A. (1956): Lower Cretaceous floras thern Kirghizia). Moscow, p. 1-148, pIs. of Western Canada. Ceol. Surv. Canada, 1-61 (in Russian). Mem. 285, p. v+I-331, including pIs. 1-85. GEYLER, H. T. (1877): Ueber Fossile Pflan BRo:"G:"IART, A. (1828-1838): Histoire des zen aus der Juraformation Japans. Pa Vegetaux fossiles, ou Recherches bo laeontgr., Bd. 24, p. 221-232, pIs. 31-34. taniques et geologiques sur les Vegetaux HARRIS, T. M. (1935): The fossil flora of renfermes dans les divers couches du Scoresby Sound, East Greenland. Pt. 4. globe. I (1828-1837), p. xii+l-.188, pIs. Ginkgoales, Coniferales, Lycopodiales 374 Tatsuaki KIMURA and Shinji SEKIDO and isolated fructifications. Medd. om -- (1973): On fossil plants collected by Crt/mI., Bd. 112, nr. 1, p. 1-176, pIs. 1-29. M. HIRATA from the "R.yoseki Series" -- (1946): Notes on the Jurassic flora of in Kochi Prefecture. Mem. Plant Fossil Yorkshire, 28-30. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Resear. Assoc. Tokyo, no. 4, p. 1-6 in ser. 11, vol. 13, p. 1-2-1. cluding 2 pIs., 1 tab. (in Japanese). - (1948): Ditto, 37-39. Ibid., ser. 12, vol. KAWAI, M. (1961): Late Mesozoic crustal 1, p. 181-213. movements in the Hida Plateau, Central -- (1951): The fructification of Czekano Honshu, Japan. Mem. Fac. Sci., Kyushu wskia and its allies. Phil. Trans. B, vol. Uuiv., ser. D, Ceol., vol. 11, no. 3, p .. 235, p. 483-508, pIs. 18-19. 347-380. -- (1961): The Yorkshire Jurassic flora. KAWASAKI, S. (1926): Addition to the Older 1. Thallophyta-Pteridophyta. Brit. Mus. Mesozoic plants in Korea. Bull. Ceol. (Nat. Hist.) , p. ix+1-212. Surv. Chosen (Korea), vol. 4, Pt. 2, p.l- -- (1969): Naming a fossil conifer. j. 35, pIs. 1-11. SEN Mem. Vol., Bot. Soc. Bengal, p. 243- KIMURA, T. (1958a): Mesozoic plants from 252. the Tetori Series, Central Honshu, Japan. --, MILLll\GTOl\, W. & MILLER, J. (1974): (Pt. 1). Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc_ The Yorkshire Jurassic flora. IV -1. Gink japan, N. S., no. 29, p. 166-168, pI. 25. goales. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), p. viii+ -- (1958b): On the Tetori Flora (Pt. 1). 1-150, pIs. 1-8. Mesozoic plants from the Kuzuryu Sub HEER, 0 (1874): Die Kreide-Flora der arc group, Tetori Group, Japan. Bull Sen. tischen Zone. K. svenska Vet. Akad. High Sch., Tokyo Univ. Educ., 2-2, p. 1- Hand!., Stockholm, Bd. 12, no. 6, p. 1-138. 47, pIs. 1-4. pIs. 1-38. -- (1959a): Mesozoic plants from the Iwa -- (1876): Beitrage zur Jura-Flora Ostsi muro Formation (Liassic), Tone-gun, biriens und des Amurlandes. Mbn. Acad. Gumma Prefecture, Japan. Ibid., 3, p. Imp. Sci., St.-Petersb. (7), 22, 12, p. 1- 1-36, pIs. 1-12. 122, pIs. 1-31 (Fl. Foss. Arct., 4-2). - (1959b): On the Tetori Flora (Pt. 2). -- (1878) : Beitrage zur fossilen Flora Addition to the Mesozoic plants from Sibiriens und des Amurlandes. Ibid., 25, the Kuzuryu Subgroup, Tetori Group, 6, p. 1-58, pIs. 1-15 (Fl. Foss. Arct., 5-2). Japan. Ibid., p. 104-117, pIs. 1-2. HIRATA, M. (1972): Illustrated catalogue of -- (1961): Mesozoic plants from the Ito· fossils. 1. Ryoseki plants. HIRATA shiro Subgroup, the Tetori Group, Central Ceol. Inst. Kochi, p. vi+I-36, pIs. 1-21 Honshu, Japan. Pt. 2. Ttans. Proc. (in Japanese). Palaeont. Soc. japan, N. S., no. 41, p. HVZIOKA, K. (1939): On the occurrence of 21-32, pIs. 4-6. a new species of Nathorstia in Japan. -- (1975a): Middle-late early Cretaceous journ. Fac. Sci., Hokkaido Imp. Univ., plants newly found from the upper course Sapporo, ser. 4, vol. 4, nos. 3-4, p. 471- of the Kuzuryu River area, Fukui Pre 474, pI. 55. fecture, Japan. Ibid., no. 98, p. 55-93, Explanation of Plate 37 Fig. 1. Dictyozamites efr. cordatus (KRYSIITOFOVICH) PRYNADA; x 2 (BK-1l2) Fig. 2. Nilssonia nipponensis YOKOYAMA; nat. size (BK-088) Fig. 3. Podozamites angusti/olius (EICHW ALD) HEER; nat. size (BK-002) Fig. 4. Sphenopteris goepperti DUNKER; X 2 (BK-113) Fig. 5. Nilssonia kotoi (YOKOYAl\IA) 0151-11; x 2 (BK-027) Fig. 6. Tetoria endoi KIMURA & SEKIDO; nat. size (BK-089) KIMURA and SEKIDO.' Mesozoic plants from the Akaiwa For'rnation Plate 37 663. Mesozoic plants from the Akaiwa Formation 375 pIs. 5-8. (Nilssoniaceae n. fam.), newly found -- (1975b): Notes on the early Cretaceous from the early Cretaceous of Japan. floras of Japan. Bull. Tokyo Gakugei Palaeontgr., B, Bd. 153, p. 111-118, pIs. Uuiv., ser. 4, vol. 27, p. 218-257. 1-2. -- & HIRATA, M. (1975): Early Cretaceous -- & -- (1976): Dictyozamites and some plants from Kochi Prefecture, Southwest other cycadophytes from the early Lower Japan. Mem. Nation. Sci. Mus., no. 8, Cretaceous Oguchi Formation, the Ito p. 67-90, pIs. 10-13. shiro Group, Central Honshu, Japan. - & KANSHA, Y. (1975 MS): Early Cre· Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S., taceous plants from Wakayama Pre no. 101, p. 291-312, pIs. 30-32. fecture, Southwest Japan. KRASSILOV, V. A. (1967): Early Cretaceous -- & SEKIDO, S. (1963): On the Tetori flora from Southern Primorye and its Flora--A summary notes on the Ito significance for stratigraphy. Moscow, shiro Flora, with special reference to p. 1-248, pIs. 1-93 (in Russian). the Mesozoic floral provinces of the -- (1972): Mesozoic flora of Bureja Basin Japanese Islands. Fossils (Kaseki) , no. (Ginkgoales and Czekanowskiales). Mos 6, p. 35-46, 1 tab. (in Japanese). cow, p. 1-116, pIs. 1-34 (in Russian). -- & -- (1965): Some interesting Gink KRYSHTOFOVICH, A. N. (1910): Jurassic goalean leaves from the Itoshiro Sub plants from Ussuriland. Mem. Com. group, the Tetori Group, Central Honshu, geol. St.-Petersb. (N. S.), 56, p. 1-23, pIs. Japan. Mem. Mejiro Gakuen Woman's Jr. 1-3 (in Russian). Coll., vol. 2, p. 1-4, pIs. 1-2. -- (1914): Jurassic plants from the river -- & -- (1966): Mesozoic plants from Tyrma (Amurland). Trav. Mus. Geol. the Itoshiro Subgroup, the Tetori Group, Min. Pierre le Grand Acad. Imp. Sci., 8, Central Honshu, Japan. Ibid., vol. 3, p. p. 79-124, pIs. 1-7. 1-7, pIs. 1-4. -- (1916): Material for the Jurassic fiora -- & -- (1967): Some Mesozoic plants of Ussuriland. Ibid., 2,4, p.81-140, pIs. from the Itoshiro Subgroup, the Tetori 7-1I. Group, Central Honshu, Japan. Prof. -- (1933): Baikal formation of the Angara SHIBATA Mem. Vol., Tokyo Univ. Educ., Group. Trans. Geo!. Prosp. Sel'v. USSR, p. 416-419, pIs. 1-3. Moscow, 326, p. 1-136, pIs. 1-17. -- & -- (1971): The discovery of the -- & PRYNADA, V. (1932): Contribution Cycad-like leaflets with toothed margin to the Mesozoic flora of the Ussuriland. from the Lower Cretaceous Itoshiro Sub Bull. Geol. Prosp. Surv. USSR, Moscow, group, the Tetori Group, Central Honshu, 51, p. 363-373, pIs. 1-2. Japan. Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, -- & -- (1933): Contribution to the N. S., no. 84, p. 190-195, pI. 24. Rhaeto-Liassic flora of the Chebiabinsk -- & -- (1972): Ctenis species from the Brown Coal Basin, Eastern Urals. Ibid., Itoshiro Subgroup (Lower Cretaceous), 346, p. 1-40, pIs. 1-5. the Tetori Group, Central Honshu, Japan. LEBEDEV, E. L. (1965): Late Jurassic flora Ibid., no. 86, p. 360-368, pIs. 44-45. from Zeia and boundary between Jurassic -- & -- (1974): Bipinnate cycadean and Cretaceous. Trud. geol. inst. Akad. fronds newly found from the Lower Nauk, Moscow, 125, p. 1-142, pIs. 1-36 Cretaceous Itoshiro Subgroup, the Tetori (in Russian). Group, Central Honshu, Japan. " Sym LUNDBLAD, A. B. (1959): Studies in the posium on Morphological and Stratigra Rhaeto-Liassic floras of Sweden. II. I. Phical Palaeobotany, BIRBAL SAHNI Insti Ginkgophyta from the Mining District of tute 0/ Palaeobotany", SPec. Pub!., no. 2, New Scania. K. sevenska Akad. Hand!., p. 23-27, pIs. 1-3. Stockholm, N. S., Bd. 6, nr. 2, p. 5-38, -- & -- (1975): Nilssoniocladus n. gen. pIs. 1-6. 376 Tatsuaki KIMURA and Shinji SEKIDO MAEDA, S. (1957): Stratigraphy and geolo bergens. K. sevenska Vet. Akad. Handl., gical structure of the Tetori Group along Bd. 30, n. 1, p. 1-77, pis. 1-6. the UchiI1ami and Itoshiro Rivers, Fukui -- (1907): Palaobotanische Mitteilungen Prefecture. Journ. Ceol. Soc. Japan, vol. 1. Pseudocycas, eine neue Cycadophy 63, no. 741, p. 357-365 (in Japanese). tengattung aus den cenomanien Kreidea -- (1958a): Stratigraphy and geological blagerungen Gronlands. Ibid., Bd. 42, n. structure of the Tetori Group in the Hida 5, p. 1-11, pis. 1-3. Mountainland. Ibid., vol. 64, no. 775, p. OISHI, S. (1931): Fossil plants from Japan 388-398 (in Japanese). and Korea. Sci. Rep. Tohoku Imp. Univ., -- (1958b): Stratigraphy and geological sec. ser. (Geol.), vol. 14, no. 2A, p. 107- structure of the Tetori Group in the 118, pI. 36. Hakusan District (Pt. 1 Stratigraphy), -- (1932): The Rhaetic plants from the Ibid., no. 758, p. 583-594 (in Japanese). Nariwa District, Provo Bitchu (Okayama -- & TAKENAMI, K. (1957): Stratigraphy Prefecture), Japan. Journ. Fac. Sci., and geological structure of the Tetori Hokeaido Imp. Univ., Sapporo, ser. 4, vol. Group in the Southern District of Toya 1, nos. 3-4, p. 257-380, pis. 1-35. ma Prefecture. Ibid., vol. 73, no. 740, p. -- (1933): A study on the cuticles of some 273-288 (in Japanese). Mesozoic gymnospermous plants from MATsuo, H. (1962): A study on the Asuwa China and Manchuria. Sci. Rep. Tohoku flora (Late Cretaceous age) in the Hoku Imp. Univ., sec. ser. (Ceol.), vol. 12, no. riku District, Central Japan. Sci. Rep. 2B, p. 239-252, pis. 36-39. Kanazawa Univ., vol. 8, no. 1, p.177-250, -- (1939a): On" Dicksoniopteris" naumanii pis. 1-24. NATHORST. Journ. Fac. Sci., Hokkaido -- & O)'IURA, K. (1968): On the Taenia Imp. Univ., Sapporo, ser. 4, vol. 4, nos. pteris from the Togadani flora(Tedorian), 3-4, p. 301-305. at Togadani, Ishikawa Prefecture, Cen - (1939b): On the;morphology of the Genus tral Japan. Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Zamiophyllum NATHORST. Jubl. Publ. H. Japan, N. S., no. 71, p. 285-295, pI. 29. YABE 60th Birthday, vol. 1, p. 209-220, NAGAO, T. (1926): On some fact concerning pis. 12-13. the Mesozoic formation in Arita-gun, -- (1940): The Mesozoic floras of Japan. Provo Kii. Journ. Ceol. Soc. Tokyo, vol. Journ. Fac. Sci., Hokkaido Imp. Univ., 33, no. 396, p. 378-384 (in Japanese). Sapporo, ser. 4, vol. 5, nos. 2-4, p. 123- NATHoRsT, A.G. (1890): Beitrage zur me 480, pis. 1-48. sozoischen Flora Japans. Denkschr. k. -- (1941): On the occurrence of a Dipteri Akad. Wiss. math. nat. Kl., vol. 57, p. daceous fern from the Tetori Series of 41-60, pis. 1-6. Toyama Prefecture. Ibid., vol. 6, no. 2, -- (1897): Zur mesozoischen Flora Spitz- p. 159-161. Explanation of Plate 38 Fig. 1. Nilssonia lobatidentata V ASSILEVSKAJA; x 2 (BK-136) Fig. 2. Raphaelia sp. A; x 2 (BK-163) Fig. 3. Ginkgoites digitata (BRONGNIART) SEWARD; x 2 (BK-176) Fig. 4. Elatocladus sp. B; x 2 (BK-005) Fig. 5. Cinkgoites huttoni (STERNBERG) BLACK; x 2 (BK-083) Fig. 6. Cladophlebis williamsoni (BRONGNIART) BRONGNIART var. tenuicaulis THOMAS; x 2 (BK-123) Fig. 7. Leptostrobus sp.; A showing a slender cone axis; B showing scale leaves; C & D showing the surface of detached valves; x 2 (BK-114) K I MUR A and SEJ(IDO : Mesozoic plants from the Akaiwa F01-mation Plate 38 663. lvIesozoic plants from the Akaiwa Formation 377 & TAKAHASHI, E. (1936): The Rhaetic longus HARRIS from the Triassic of the plants from Provo Nagato. A supplement. Omine Coal Field. Ibid., vol. 19, p. 1-7, Ibid., vol. 3, no. 2, p. 113-133, pI. 10. pis. 1-2 (in Japanese with English des ORLOVSKAJA, E. R. (1962): The finds of cription) . Pseudotorellia and Eretmophyllum in the TATEIWA, 1. (1929): Geological atlas of Jurassic deposits of Kazakhstan. Bot. Tyosen (Korea), no. 10, Keishu-Eisen journ. USSR, t. 47, n. 10, p. 1437-U-15, Taikyu and Wakwan Sheets, 1/50000. pis. 1-4 (in Russian). Ceol. Sllrv. Tyosen (Korea). -- (1974): The Jurassic flora of the IIi TESLE:>;KO, Y. V. (1970): Jurassic strati- Coal Basin. The fauna and flora from graphy and flora of Western and Sou Meso·cainozoic of South Kazakhstan. Mat. thern Siberia and Tuva. Trud. nauchno Hist. Fauna Flora Kazakh., Alma·Ata, issled. inst. geol. geoPhys. min., Moscow, vol. 6, p. 93-10'1, pis. 1-3 (in Russian). v. '12, p. 1-216, pis. 1-52 (in Russian). PROSVIRJAKOVA, Z. P. (1966): Jurassic flora THO:\IAS, H. H. (1911): The Jurassic flora of of Mangwishlak and its significance for Kamenka in the District Isium. Mhn. stratigraphy. Acad. Nauk, USSR, p. 1- Com. geol. St.-Petersb. (N. S.), 71, p. 1- 173, pis. 1-35 (in Russian). 95, pis. 1-8. SA:\IYLI='iA, V. A. (1956): Two new types of -- (1913): On some new and rare Jurassic ginkgophyta from the Lower Cretaceous plants from Yorkshire: Eretmophyllum, a of Aldan River. Bot. journ. USSR, t. 41, new type of Ginkgoalean leaf. Phil. Soc. n. 10, p. 1525-1527, pI. 1 (in Russian). Proc., vol. 17, pt. 3, p. 256-262, pIs. 6-7. -- (1963): Mesozoic flora of the lower VAKlIRA:\IEEV, V. A. (1958): Stratigraphy course of the Aldan River. Trud. bot. and fossil plants from the Jurassic and in st. Acad. Nallk, SSSR, ser. 8 (Paleobot.), Cretaceous deposits of the Vilui Basin 4, p. 59-138, pis. 1-37 (in Russian). and Verchojansk foredeep. Reg. Stratigr. -- (1964): Mesozoic flora of the area to SSSR, 3, p.I-128, pis. 1-32 (in Russian). the west of the Kolyma River (Zyrianka -- (1964): Jurassic and early Cretaceous Coal·Basin), Pt. 1. Palaeobot., 5, p. 41- floras of Eurasia and the palaeofloristic 78, pis. 1-18 (in Russian). provinces of this period. USSR Acad. - (1967): Ditto, Pt. 2. Ibid., 6, p. 136- Sci. Trans., 102, p. 1-261 (in Russian). 173, pis. 1-37 (in Russian). -- (1966): Jurassic floras of the USSR. -- (1972) : Birisia--New genus, Cre· Palaeobotanist, vol. 14, nos. 1-3, p. 118-123. taceous fern of Siberia. Bot. journ. -- (1970): First discovery of Dictyozamites USSR, t. 57, n. 1, p. 91-102, pis. 1-2 (in (Bennettitales) in the Mesozoic of Si Russian). beria. Palaeont. jOllrn. USSR, 4, p. 120- SEWARD, A. C. (1911): Jurassic plants from 123 (in Russian). Chinese Dzungaria, collected by Prof. -- (1971): Development of the early Cre OBRUTSCHEW. M(!1n. Com. Ceol., N. 5., taceous flora in Siberia. Ceophyt., 1 (1), 75, p. 31-61, pis. 1-7. p. 75-83. -- (1912): Mesozoic plants from Afghani· -- & DOLUDE:-iKO, M. P. (1961): Upper stan and Afghan·Turkistan. India Ceo!. Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous flora of Surv. Mem., Palaeont. Indica, N. S., vol. the Bureja Basin and its significance for 4, m. 4, p. 1-57, pis. 1-7. stratigraphy. USSR Acad. Sci. Ceol. -- (1919): Fossil plants, vol. 4. Cambridge, Inst. Trans., 54, p. 1-135, pIs. 1-40 (in p. xvi+I-543. Russian). TAKAHASHI, E. (1973): Some Triassic and --, DOBuRsKINA, 1. A., ZAKLINSKAJA, E. D. Jurassic plants from Provo Nagato (Ya & MEYEN, S. V. (1970): Palaeozoic and maguchi Pref.), Japan. Sci. Rep. Yama· Mesozoic floras of Eurasia and phytogeo guchi Univ., vol. 20, p. 7-13, pis. 1-2. graphy of this time. Ibid., 208, p. 1-424 -- & OKAFl' JI, G. (1970): Leptostrobus (in Russian). 378 Tatsnaki KIMURA and Shinji SEKIDO VASSILEVSKAJA, N. D., IMINO'l, Y. Kh., collection of the Institute of Geology and LosE'lA, N.M. & MOGUTCHEYA, N.K. Palaeontology of the Tohoku Imperial (1972) : New Mesozoic gymnosperms University. Sci. Rep. Tohoku Imp. Univ., from Central Asia and Siberia. (in" New 2nd Ser. (Geol.), vol. 7, no. 1, p. 1-28, types of ancient plants and invertebrates pIs. 1-4. of USSR "). Acad. Nauk USSR, Moscow, -- (1927a): Cretaceous stratigraphy of the p. 319-324, pIs. 73-74 (in Russian). Japanese Islands. Ibid., vol. 11, no. 1, -- & PAVLOV, V. V. (1963): Stratigraphy p. 27-100, pIs. 3-9. and flora from Cretaceous beds of Lena -- (1927b): A new species of Sphenopteris Olenek region of Lena Coal-Basin--Il. from the Lower Cretaceous of Japan. Problems of oil and gas content beds an Jap. Journ. Geol. Geogr., vol. 5, no. 4, p. Arctica. Trudy nauchno-issled. Inst. Geol. 221-224 including pI. 23. Arkt., t. 128, p. 1-96, pIs. 1-,19 (in Rus YOKOYA)'IA, M. (1889): Jurassic plants fro]]1 sian). Kaga, Hida and Echizen. Journ. Coll. YABE, H. (1905): Mesozoic plants from Sci., Imp. Univ. Tokyo, vol. 3, p. 1-66, Korea. Jounz. Coll. Sci., Imp. Ulliv. pIs. 1-1-1. Tokyo, vol. 22, no. 8, p. 1-59, pIs. 1-4. -- (1894): Mesozoic plants from Kozuke, -- (1922): Notes on some Mesozoic plants Kii, Awa and Tosa. Ibid., vol. 7, pt. 3, from Japan, Korea and China, in the p. 201-231, pIs. 1-9. Akaiwa i}f; ;c"-' Miyako 1r t;- Arita ::ff EE Monobegawa ¥o ffl) JII Bettokuzure 5J1j ~ 1m ;It Nagdong (formerly Naktong) m !Ii: Gamatagawa Hll EE J[[ Nochino i~ !J!:f Hakusan S ill Oguchi J¥: lJ Irahara 11i W- Omichidani *- ill il- Ishikawa E J[[ Osugidani *- ;f~ il- Itoshiro E ~ S Ryoseki t~i ;p =: Jintsugawa f!!! jjj[ JII Shinshu (Chinju in Korean) EI ;1+/ Kitadani ~t il- Shiramine S m'fc Kiyosue r~ Takinamigawa (it: V1l J[/ Kochi !'ilJ *9;[1 Tamodani EEail- (EE ail-, *,ff):il-) Komatsu 'J' t~ Tetori (Tedori) -'f- I& Kumanogawa j'j~ lilT J[ / Tochio tli! J¥: ""'- Kuzuryu iL llJi 11!, Uchinami :J1 V1l Mekkodani 1'1 pH il- ------Explanation of Plate 39 Figs. 1-:1. Ginkgoidium nathorstii YOKOYA~JA: all nat. size (BK-149, BK-052, BK-032B, BK-145) Fig. 5. Pseudotorellia sp.; x 2 (BK-127) Fig. 6. Ginllgoites huttoni (STERNBERG) BLACK; x 2 (BK-I09) Fig. 7. Equisetites sp. (stem); x 2 (BK-135) Fig. 8. Elatocladus sp. A; x 2 (BK-094) Fig. 9. Elatocladus sp. B; x 2 (BK-005) KIMURA and SEKI DO.' Mesozoic plants from the Akaiwa For'mation Plate 39 Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S., No. 103, pp. 379-397, pIs. 40, 41, Oct. 15, 1976 664. SA W AiVIURAIA, KAT AHIRAIA UND YOSHIDAIA, DREI NEUE DIATOMGATTUNGEN AUS DEM NEOGEN JAPANS* SEIICHI KOMURA Japan Petroleum Exploration Co., Ltd. (JAPEX) JC~t~~=*i£:Q)Jl~ 3 ;t!T~, Sawamuraia, Katahiraia :f;.t v: Yoshidaia: ~ti1il~JC :jt:ttl!!.glH;:: :B-;{JJ-t Q t:j:l$t:j:l;t!T*1C-r$.!f;t!Ttm:Q) :ttI!~iJ' I? ;pJ:tk El Jl~ 3 ~~ ~ il~tJ(:1" Q 0 Sawa· muraia 1:!:.~il:EifJ'j • $~ '1Wi~~fIjt:j:l3C1R • Iff,' ~~ij\1F~ 1i-t Q ;: C ~ !fIffJ& C1" Q 0 Katahiraia C Y oshidaia 1:!:.*t.UP:tk~~ij\1FiJ,t:j:l3CmiJidl~J:~;::~Q;: C ~!fIfi!!& C 1..,., fllij~'I:!:.~jjj;f.DI.1LQ)m~ J:Q)!fIffJ&c:X;Jft-f1:Q):f§jfI;~;::.t ,,?-CIR.5JIj~.h.Qo Katahiraia "'CI:!:. Poroid Q)~Q Areole iJ'~ mJ{U~;::tli~7U 1..,., Y oshidaia "'CI:!:. Poroid 7'UiJ'mJ{UB'1~;::~C7U 1..,. -C ~'Q 0 ~Q);g~I:!:.:It!!'l(i~1tF.JT ±.t±/iIf~1fiRtt*=zJlj]~± . :Oi1II~im(~jE(,*)jU$:!€:)t:qz,\!:,,~~± . /l'il(k*EEH~*=Jr;~;::-t.h. :f.h.~tJ:tso I} tt ~ - Einleitung suchung werden auch winzige und zeit. liche Entwicklungsveranderungen solcher Es gibt in der langen Geschichte der Merkmale selbst im Verlauf des geologi Diatomeenforschung eine gro.Be Anzahl schen Alters zukiinftig eine gro.Be Rolle von Gattungen, die von zahlreichen Auto· spielen. ren eingerichtet wurden, und viele unter· Damit erscheint es mir, wenn solche schiedliche umfassende Klassifikations. gemeinschaftlichen U nterscheid ungsmer k systeme, die vorgeschlagen wurden, wenn male festgesetzt werden, daB dadurch die sie auch nicht immer aIle diese Klassen aus zahlreichen Arten bestehenden Gat. zusammenfassen (V AN HEURCK, 1896; tungen wie z. B. Coscinodiscus EHRENBERG, PERAGALL, 1897-1908; HUSTEDT,1927-64, Synedra EHRENBERG, Navicula BORY und 1956; KARSTEN, 1928; lOUSE, 1963; HEN· andere weit kleinziigiger untergeteilt wer· DEY, 1964; usw.). Von diesen werden den sollen. Weiterhin deuten wahrschein· die einen endgiiltig als valid benutzt, die lich die leeren Spalten in der von HEN DEY anderen nicht. (1964, S. 7) angefertigten Tabelle, die in Aber handelt es sich urn die morpho· Bezug auf der Diatomeenumri.B die Ver. logischen und strukturellen Merkmale, die haltnisse zwischen den Araphideen und der Zuerkennung der Gattungsrange zu den Raphideen zeigt, die Eigentiimlich. Grunde liegen, weil die Gattung nun im keiten fiir in der Zukunft zu entdeckende allgemeinen als die wesentlichste Einheit Gattungen an. innerhalb des systematischen Rahmen Durch die neue Zusammenfiigung der gedacht ist. Trotzdem sind die Diskus· strukturelle Merkmale werden einige Taxa sionen nur noch zum Teil dariiber gefiihrt auf Grund der oben diskutierten Gesichts· worden. Zur biostratigraphischen Unter. punkte aus den Exemplaren, die ich an * Received April U, 1976; read June 1.1, der Hand halte, neu proponiert. 1975 at Morioka. Die Ver6ffentlichung der Arbeit wird 379 380 Seiichi KOMURA von der japan Petroleum Exploration Co., mochte ich an dieser Stelle meinen herz Ltd. (JAPE X) erlaubt. Ich spreche somit lichen Dank aussprechen. Herrn Dr. Y. IKEBE, Vizeprii.sident der Gesellsehaft, dafUr und fUr seine stete Hilfsbereitschaft meinen ganz besonderen Material und methodische Hinweise Dank aus. Fiir die fruchtbaren Diskus· Das fUr diese Arbeit verwendete Pro sionen und fUr die freundlichen Anregun. benmaterial stammt mittelmiozanen bis gen moehte ieh mieh bei Herrn F. AKIBA, unterpliozanen Ablagerungen Nordjapans. Mikropaleontologe, Technical Institute, Lage, Lithologie, u.li. der Proben sind wie jAPEX, Hamura bedanken. in der Tabelle 1 angegeben. t42'E Um das mittels Pleurax eingebettete Streupraparat anzufertigen wurden die Proben im Laboratorium naeh den iibli chen Methoden aufbereitet und behandelt (KANAYA, 1957, 1959). Die Aufnahme wurde mit Hilfe eines normalen Photo aufsatzes abgefaBt, um die Tafel abzu fassen und um durch ihre VergroBerung das Exemplar abzubilden. Alle Typ-Exemplare der neu beschrie benen Formen werden im Technical In TENPOKU - GEBIET stitute, japan Petroleum Exploration Co., Ltd. (JAPEX). Hamura in Tokio aufbe wahrt. 45·N--'r------I....".,--+------Systematische Beschreibung Ordnung Pennatae SCHUTT, 1896 Familie Fragilariaceae KARSTEN, 1928 Gattung Sawa11luraia, n. gen. Utakoshi Namengebung: Zu Ehren von Herrn Dr. Konosuke SAW AMURA, ja panischer Km-5t49 Km-5t5t '--,--____---' Diatomologe vom Geological Survey of Km-5t52 Km-5t54 Km-5t58 japan, Kawasaki. Km Toyosaki ... Fj-2730 9'---_~t?'---_2.....9 Typusart: Sawamuraia biseriata, n. sp. Shosanbetsu Beschreibung: Zellen frei, in der Regel Abb. 1. Lageskizze der Fundpunkte. einzeln lebend, zuweilen die kurzen Ban der bildend, in Giirtelansicht reehteckig Herr M. FUJITA und Herr N. FUJIOKA, tafelformig mit den buckelartig aufgetrie Geologen unserer Gesellschaft iiberlieBen benen Enden; Zwischen bander, Septen mir ihre Proben sehr freundlich und Frau oder sonstige Innenstrukturen iiberhaupt lein Yukie TAMANO, jAPEX zeichnete die nicht vorhanden; Schalen im UmriB linear, Abbildungen sehr gewissenhaft. Allen selten linear-lanzettlich, mit im allgemei- Tab. 1. Funclort unci stratigraphische Merkmale des Proben materials, Tenpoku-Gebiet. ------~ Lage Proben- Lithologie .-~ - Ablagerung I-linweise Nummer Fundort Brei tengrad (N) Uingengrad (E) Km-3519 aschenreicher Kieselgur Wakkanai 45°23'36/1 141 °41'22/1 Koitoi MINATO et al. (1956) OSANAI (195,1) ~ L / / Km- 1937 harter Tonstein Sakanoshita 45°22 30/1 141 °39 29/1 Wakkanai Ebenda ~ .j;,.. Km-5034 weiBer, tuffreicher Magarifuchi 45°15'38/1 141 °54'57/1 Masuporo MINATO et al. (1956) Tonstein T AI Fo-ll aschenreicher Kieselgur Toyotomi 44° 5'11/1 141"19'17" Koitoi MINATO et al. (1 fl56) NAGAO (1960) Fj-2730 r;rauer, sancl iger Toyosaki 41°33'12" 111 °/19'1\5" Kotanbetsu MINATO et al. (1956) Siltstein 1IATA (19GI) C<:l ~- - ~------~- 00 r--' 382 Seiichi KOMU RA nen p3.rallelen Seiten und kopfig gerunde Sawamuraia biseriata, n. sp. ten Enden; Val varfHi.che fast flach oder etwa angeschwellen, mit einige sehr be Namengebung: bi (lat.)=zwei und se schriinkten, apikal angeordneten Areolen ries (lat.)=Reihe, nach dem Ordnungs reichen und gleichfalls, gleichartig gesch zustande der Areolen. wundenen Pseudoraphe, mit dagegen lang Holotypus: Priiparat Nr. jAPEX Km- ausge:iehnten, strukturlo3en Zentralarea 4937(2)=7.8 x 88.2(Fml0755), Taf. 40 Fig. und mit beiden buckelartig aufgetriebenen 1, Abb. 2 Fig. 1. Polknoten, ohne Transapikalrippen wie Paratypen: Priiparat Nr. jAPEX Km- bei Plagiogramma GREVILLE, 1859, knoten 5034(19)= 10.2x 88.3(FmI3729, 13555) ; Abb. artigen Zentralstruktur und Stachelkranz 2 Fig. 5a, b; Priiparat Nr. jAPEX Km- bei Glyphodesmis GREVILLE, 1862 oder 5356(5)= 10.4 x 78.9(FmI3527), Taf. 41 Fig. Gallertporen am Schalenende bei Synedra 3; Priiparat Nr. jAPEX Fo-ll(12)=16.9 EHRENBERG, 1830. x 85.5(Fm11861), Abb. 2 Fig. 2; Priiparat Bemerkungen: Die neue Gattung ist Nr. jAPEX Fo-ll(16)=14.8x91.7(FmI2050), vielleicht wegen der buckelartigen End Abb. 2 Fig. 4. knoten mit Dimerogramma RALFS in i\I/aterial: 6 Exemplare. PRITCHARD, 1861 und Glyphodesmis GRE Typuslage: Meeresklippe am Kleinort VILLE, 1862 am niichsten und mit Plagio schaft Sakanoshita in der Stadt Wakka gramma GREVILLE, 1859 niiher verwandt, nai, Tenpoku-Gebiet, Provinz Hokkaido, sie kann aber von ihnen durch die hya. japan. line durchquerende Zentralarea leicht Typusablagerung: Wakkanai-Schichten, unter3chieden werden. Sie ist auch wegen Obermioziin. des Fehlen von Zwischenbiindern und Beschreibung: Zellen einzeln oder zu Septen und des zur Apikal- und Trans weilen mit den Schalenseiten zur kurzen apikalebene spiegelsymmetrischen, line Biindern verbunden, in Giirtelansicht li aren U mrisses zur Gattung Synedra, vor near-tafelf6rmig, vierkantig, an den Polen allem Untergattung Eusynedra EHREN etwas erweitert; Schalen sehr schmal BERG, 1830 nahestehend, von der sie sich linear bis linear-Ianzettlich, oft leicht ge aber deutlich durch Vorhandensein der kriimmt oder sigmaf6rmig gebogen, mit sehr breiten Zentralarea, engerer Areolen. den unterhalb der Enden leicht versch felder und der buckelartigen Polfelder miilerten und aus dem Schalenniveau unterscheidet. leicht gesenkten Biindern, auf oben denen Auch erinnert sie in ihrer iiuBeren die Ornamentierung beschriinkt ist, mit Gestalt an die Gattung Thalassionema breit kopfig gerundeten Polen und mit GRUNOW,1881, aber wegen der Verschie parallel oder leicht erweiterten Seiten, denheit von Kolonienbildungsweise und 30-84,u lang, 3-6,u breit; Schalenwand des Fehlen der Gallertporen und rand areoliert; Areolen klein, rund, zwi Paare stiindiger D6rnchen kann man sie nicht von apikal gerichteten parallelen geraden damit verbinden. Liing3reihen bildend, nur vor den Pol Die oben erwiihnten strukturellen Un feldern beschriinkt; Pseudoraphe weit, ter3cheidungseigentiimlichkeiten recht linear, gleichartig beschriinkt, 2-7,u lang; fertigen nach meiner Meinung die Ab Polfelder ziemlich groB, scheinbar hyalin, trennung einer Gruppe von den betref buckelartig aufgetrieben; Zentralarea zu fenden folgenden Formen als besondere einer weiten, linearen, hyalinen und ganz neue Gattung. strukturlosen Ausdehnung erweitert, etwa 66.4-. Sawamnraia, Katahiraia 'und Yoshidaia 383 sieben Zehntel von der gazen S::halen Beschreibllilg: S:halen 31-52,u lang, 4 lange einnehmend, 17-61,u lang. -5,u breit; Areolen vier Paare von apikal geriehteten, geraden und miteinander pa rallelen Langsreihen bildend, 12-14 in 10,u ; die iibrigen morphologisehen Charakteris tiken wie bei typiseher Art . ",...... '".' . J I. f 1 2 3 4 Sa 5b Abb. 2. Sawamuraia biseriata, n. sp. Bemerkungen: Die Art ist in Tenpoku 23 Proben haufig und sehr varia bel hinsieht lieh ihrer Lange der Sehale und Entwiek Abb. 3. Sawamuraia quadriseriata, n. sp. lung der Areolenreihe. Charakteristiseh sind die zweireihigen bes::hrankten Areo Bemerlwngen: Sehr nahe verwandt mit len. der vorigen Typus-Art, unterseheidet die Art sieh von ihr dureh nieht zwei son dern vier Areolenreihen. Sawamllraia qlladriseriata, n. sp. Namengebllng: quattuor (iat.)=vier und Sawamuraia 71l11ltibullata, n. sp. series (iat.)= Reihe, naeh der Zahl der Areolenreihen. Namengebllng: multus (iat.)=viel und Holotypus: Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km- bullatus (iat.)=sehaumend, naeh der Mehr 5154(2)=12.2x90.0(Fm12397), Taf.40 Fig. zahl der apikal geordneten Areolenreihen. 2, Abb. 3 Fig. 1. Holotypus: Praparat Nr. JAPEX Fo- Paratypen: Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km- 11(15)=7 -9 X 90.2(Fm12032), Taf. 40 Fig. 3519(11)=8.0x 89.3(Fm8505), Taf. 40 Fig. 4, Abb. 4 Fig. 1. 3, Abb. 3 Fig. 3; Praparat Nr. JAPEX ParatYPlls: Praparat Nr. JAPEX Fo- Fo-11(1)=6.4 X 94.2(Fm11669), Abb. 3 Fig. 11(11)=12.3 X 82.8(Fm12045), Taf. 40, Fig. 4; Praparat Nr. JAPEX Fo-11(1)=14.8x 5, Abb. 4 Fig. 2. 91.3(Fm11658), Abb. 3 Fig. 2. }.1aterial: 2 Exemplare. Material: 4 Exemplare. Typuslage: Ein AufsehluB, etwa 3,8 km TYPllslage: Meeresklippe, zirka 1,3 km siid6stlieh der Kleinstadt Toyotomi, Ten nordlieh der Ortsehaft Shosanbetsu, Ten poku-Gebiet. poku-Gebiet. Typusablagerllng: Koitoi-Sehiehten, Typusablagerung: Moehikubetsu-Sehi Oberstmiozan. {:hten, U nterpliozan. Beschreibllng: Sehalen linear oder li- 384 Seiichi KOMU RA near.lanzettlich, leicht sigmaformig gebo. der Mitte gegen den Enden abfallend, mit gen, 36-63p lang. 5-6p breit; Schalen· gerundeten bis leicht geschnabelten Enden wande zart areoliert; Areolen in geraden und mehr oder weniger konvexer Ober· Transapikalreihen 12-13 in lOp. etwas fiache; Axialarea deutlich, immer iiber breiter als Langsreihen 14-18 in lOp; Kanalraphe als hyaline Langszone ent sonst wie die Typus.Art der Gattung. wickelt; Schalenoberfiache durchweg areoliert, obgleich mit enger hyalinen Axialarea unterbrochen; Areolen grob, isoliert, unregelmaBig sowohl in der Ord nung als im U mriB, von innen nach auBen an der Schale mehr oder weniger an GroBe abnehmend aber an Giirtelober· fiache weit groBer und etwas bestandig, darin mit einigen Poroiden; Zellwandver· dickungen (im Beschreibungsabschnitt .... der Gattungstypus unten erwahnt) vor .- ~ . "J handen; Kanalraphe sehr dick, in der Schalenmittellinie oder leicht seitlich, nie bis in die Seitenkante, verschoben, vom Pol bis an den Pol durchlaufend, mit einer Reihe von knotenartigen Raphen anschwellungen von groBerem Durch Abb. 4. Sawamuraia multibullata, n. sp. messer darin mit Kanaloffnung ; Septa iiber Bemerkungen: Die Art, die vielleicht die ganze Valvarfiache entwickelt, mit die stratigraphisch kiirzere Verbreitung einer in der Axialrichtung angeordneten hat, unterscheidet sich von den iibrigen Reihe von groBen Fenster; Pseudosepten Vertreterinnen der Gattung durch drei zwischen den beiden Schalenrandern oder mehr Paare von Langsareolenreihen. meistens parallel zur Transapikalachse verlaufend, tief ins Zellinnere eindringend. Bemerkungen: Aufgrund der ungekiel Familie Epithemiaceae KARSTEN, 1928 ten Kanalraphe und transapikalen Pseudo Gattung Katahiraia, n. gen. septen stelle ich die neue Gattung zur Familie Epithemiaceae. Sie ist in erstem Namengebung: Nach dem japanischen Anblick sic her verwandt mit Denticula Erdolgeologen, Herrn Dr. Tadami KAT A· Kiitzing, 1844, unterscheidet sich aber HIRA, J APEX. von dieser Gattung besonders durch das Typusart: Katahimia aspera. n. sp. Vorhandensein viel groBerer poroidierter Beschreibung: Zellen frei, einzeln oder Areolen und ihrer unregelmaBigen Anord mit den Schalenseiten zu dicht geschlos. nung. Die Areolen sind niemals regel senen Bandern verbunden, sehr stark ver· maBig angeordnet, somit werden alle kieselt, in Giirtelansicht yon rechteckigem Katahiraia·Arten zu jeder der drei Sym und bikonvexem UmriB, mit Kanalraphe, metrieebenen asymmetrisch. Pseudosepten und Septa, mit Zwischen· Es geht mir darum, daB alle zu Arten bandern, ohne Knoten oder Kiele ; Schalen der Gattung gehorigen Individuen auf eng bis breit linear.lanzettlich, zuweilen jeden Fall die deutlichen randstandigen in der ]'vlitte transapikal eingeschniirt, von Zellwandverdickungen tragen, wenn auch 664. Sawa1numia, Katahimia und Yoshidaia 385 diese Struktur bislang von keinem Autor eckig mit leicht bogig gekriimmten Ran fUr das den Gattungsrang charakterisie dern und spitzen bis gerundeten Ecken; rende Merkmal, iiber welches ich bei Zwischenbiinder hyalin und deutlich ring anderen Gelegenheit eingchender spreche, f6rmig; Schalen stark verkieselt, robust, genommen worden ist. breit linear-lanzettlich, stark konvex, mit Durch die letzteren elektronenmikro stumpf gerundeten Enden, 25-38f! lang, skopischen Untersuchungen ist bestatigt 10-13f! breit, 4-8f! hoch; Axialarea eng, worden, daB der Bau der Raphe ein erst an den beiden Seiten der Kanalraphe und rangiges Merkmal fiir die systematische daroben yom Pol bis an den Pol vollig Gliederung der Raphideen ist, und daB laufend, ohne Mittelfeld, zirka If! breit; der Zusammenhang mit ihrer Lage au Schalenmembranen dick, durchweg areo Berordentliche phylogenetische Bedeutung liert; Areolen grob, sehr unregelmaBig hat (vgl. GeiBler und Gerloff, 1963). sowohl im U mriB als in der GroBe sowie Ordnung, 3-7 in lOf!, darin mit 1-5 win zigen Poroiden (nur durch Phasenmikro Katahiraia aspera, n. sp. skop lichtoptisch deutlich erkennbar, zu Namengebung: asper (lat.)=grob, nach weilen in unsere Abbildungen nicht dar der groben und unregelmaBigen Orna gestellt); Kanalraphe sehr deutlich, ziem mentierung an den Schalen. lich dick, yom Pol bis an den Pol in der Holotypus: Praparat Nr. jAPEX Fj- Mittellinie gerade verlaufend, mit je einer 2730(3)=8.9 X 91.8(Fm8338), Taf. 41 Fig. 1, groBen elliptischen Raphenanschwellung Abb. 5 Fig. 1. zwischen den Pseudosepten, daher wie Paratypen: Praparat Nr. jAPEX Fj- eine einfachen Knotenreihe erscheinend; 2730(6)=6.0 X 78.8(Fm13485), Taf. 41 Fig. Kana16ffnu:ngen eine fUr jeder Anschwel 3, Abb. 5 Fig. 5; Praparat Nr. jAPEX lung, 4-5'in lOf!; Septa ganz entwickelt, Fj-2730(13)=4.4x82.0(Fm13452, 13453), Taf. zwischen den Giirtel- und Zwischenbande 41 Fig. 2, Abb. 5 Fig. 6a, b; Praparat Nr. angelegt, mit zahlreichen, groBen, rund jAPEX Fj-2730(11) = 19.4 X 77.9(Fm13463, lichen Fenster, etwa 3 in lOf!; Pseudo 13462), Taf. 41 Fig. 4, Abb. 5 Fig. 3; Pra septen fast miteinander parallel und ziem parat Nr. jAPEX Fj-2730(3)=14.0x86.1 lich zur Apikalachse senkrecht jedoch oft (Fm13737), Abb. 5 Fig. 2; Praparat Nr. wellig gebogen, 4-5 in lOf!; Sekundare jAPEX Fj-2730(6) = 9.5 X 85.7(Fm13478), Pseudosepten (= secondary pseudosepta Abb. 5 Fig. 4; Praparat Nr. jAPEX Fj- sensu KANA Y A, 1951, S. 112) fehlen, statt 2730(14)=4.6x80.8(Fm13438), Abb. 5 Fig. dessen marginale Zellwandverdickungen 7: Praparat Nr. jAPEX Fj-2730~3)=10.1 (d.h. "marginal rib-like wall thicknings" x 85.3(FmI3756), Abb. 5 Fig. 8. sensu SIMONSEN and KANA Y A, 1961, S. Material: 9 Exemplare. 499) vorhanden; Zellwandverdickungen Typuslage: Eine Klippe am Nordufer dick, kurz, gegeniiber einander an den des Flusses Furenbetsugawa, urn 3,6 km beiden Seiten angestoBt, 1-2 zwischen je siidostlich der Kleinortschaft Toyosaki, beide Pseudosepten, 3-4 in 10f!. Shosanbetsu. Bemerkungen: Charakteristisch sind Typusablagerung: Kotanbetsu-Schich- der breitere, linear-lanzettliche UmriB und ten, Mittelmiozan. die stark geschwollene Oberflache. In Beschreibung: Zellen einzeln lebend Tenpoku ist die Art sporadisch und nur oder zuweilen am Schalenrand zu Ban selten haufig, aber erscheint eine strati dern verbunden, in Giirtelansicht recht- graphisch eingeschrankte Verbreitung zu 386 Seiichi KOlvl U RA 2 3 4 5 6a 6b 7 8 Abb. 5. K atahil'aia aspera, n. sp. haben. Material: 4 Exemplare. Typuslage : Meeresklippe, etwa 0,9 km J(alahiraia oblonga, n. Sp. siidlich c1er Kleinortschaft Utakoshi in c1er Kleinstacl t Enbetsu, Tenpo ku-Gebiet. Namengebung: oblongus (lat.)=lang Typusablagerung: Mochikubetsu- Schi elliptisch, nach dem U mriB. chten, U nterpliozan. Holotypu s : Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km- Beschreibung: Schalen sehr stark ver 5151(1)= 14.8 X 83.1 (Fm12302), Taf. Lll Fig. ki eselt, linear-oblong, mit fast parallelen 6, Abb. 6 Fig. 1. odeI' wenig konkaven Ranclel'll und breit Paratypen: Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km - geruncle ten Enden, 20- 28p lang, 6-8p 5152(7) = 1::.5 X 89.5(Fm13769), Abb. 6 Fig. breit, ca. 5p ho ch; Axialarea schmal, 2; Praparat I 1. J APEX Km -5Ei8(4)= li near, unregel:l1a3ig begrenzt, ohne Zen 11.5 X 84.7(Fm13762), Abb. 6 Fig. 3; Pfa tralarea, etwa 0,6- l,Op breit ; Schalen parat Nr. JAPEX Km -:JEil(2)=9.2 x 85.9 oberflache grob a reoliert; Areolen runcl (FmI3772), Abb. 6 Fig. 4. lich-vieleckig bis rundlich-elliptisch, von 664. Sa WCL117/U1'aia , Katahiraia uncl Yo shiclcLia 387 innen nach auBen deutlich an GroBe abo J(atahiraia paupemla, n. sp. nehmend, unregelmaBig eng zerstreut, 4- 12 in 10,11, darin mit 1-4 undeutlichen Namengebu ng: pauper (lat.)= arm, nach Poroiden ; Kanalraphe deutlich, dick, mehr del' schwachen Entwicklung der Areolen. oder weniger der Schalenmitteliinie gena. Holotypus : Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km - hert, vom Pol bis an den Pol gerade oder 5149(2)= 16.1 X 79.9(Fm12208), Taf. 41 Fig. leicht bogig verlaufend, mit je einer eliip. 7, Abb. 7. tischen Raphenanschweliung zwischen den Material : 1 Exemplar. Pseudosepten, daher gleichartig \-vie bei T ypuslage : Meeresklippe, zirka 0,5 km T ypus·Art der Gattung als eine einfachen si.id lich del' Kleinortschaft Utakoshi in Knotenreihe erscheinend ; Kanaloffnungen der Kl einstadt Enbetsl' , Tenpoku-Gebiet. eine fiir jeder Anschweliung, 4-5 in 10,11 ; T ypusablageru l1 g : Mochikubetsu-Schi Septa voliig entwickelt, mit eine Reihe chten, U nterpliozan. von grol)en Fenster von etwa 4 in 10,11; B eschreibung : Schale stark verkieselt, Pseudosepten zwischen den beiden Scha ziemlich linear, konvex, an den Enden lenseiten paraliel zur Transapi kalachse stumpf abgerundet, mit fast paralielen verlaufenc!, oft leicht gekriimmt, 4-5 in Seiten, schwach bogig -gekriimmt, 48 ,11 10 ,11 ; Zeli wand verdickungen etwas lang, lang, 9,11 breit ; Schalenflache dicht areo paraliel zur Pseudosepten, senkrecht zum li ert ; Areolen kl einer und dichter als, Schalenrand nach Mi ttellinie innen her und unregelmaB ig wie, bei del' andern vorgestoBen, 4-6 in 10 ,11 , 1- 2 zwischen de n Arten del' Gattung, etwa 7 in 10 ,11, darin Pseudosepten. mit 1-3 winzigen Poroiden; Axialarea eng, unregelmaBig begrenzt; Kanalraphe sehr deutIich, von Pol bi s an den Pol in der Mittellinie gerade laufend, mit je ei ner knotigen, elii ptischen oder rund lichen Raphenanschweliung zwischen den beid en P.3eud03e ptel". wie bei der vorigen Arten; Kanaloff nungen durch Lichtmikro s \c op sehr schwer zu er \ce nnen, vermut- 3 4 A bb. 6. K atahiraia ob longa, n . sp. Bemerl2ungen : Schalen sind denjenigen der vorigen t ypischen Art ahnli ch, unter scheiden sich aber c1urch di e fast paral lelen Schalenseiten und die weniger lwn vexe OberfHi che. Li bergangsformen zur typischen Art sind bisher nicht nur mor phologisch sondern auch st ratigraphisch noch nicht gefunden worden, das heiBt, die beiden Arten bestehen ni cht zusam men mit einander. A bb. 7. K atahiraia pauperata, n . sp. 388 Seiichi KOMU RA lich eine innerhalb einer Anschwellung; Gattung zerstreut, darin mit 1-5 winzigen Septa vollig entwickelt, mit zahlreichen Poroiden; Kanalraphe sehr deutlich, dick, groBen rundlichen Fenster (3 in 10,u); in der Mittellinie gerade verlaufend, mit Pseudosepten gerade, vor den Seiten dich je einer groBen elliptischen knotenartigen ter bekommend, miteinander parallel aber Raphenanschwellung mit darin einer Ka zuweilen wellig gekrlimmt, in der Schalen naloffnung zwischen den Pseudosepten, 4 mitte zur beiden Riindern senkrecht, 4-5 in 10,u; Septa ganz entwickelt mit groBen in lOp; Zellwandverdickungen dick, kurz, Fenster, je eines zwischen den Pseudo gegenliber einander und mit Pseudosepten septen; Pseudosepten gerade oder etwas abwechsend an den beiden Seiten ange im Zickzack gekrlimmt, parallel mit ein stoBt, 4-5 in 10,u. ander und senkrecht zur Mittellinie lau Bemerkungen: Die Art ist nur durch fend, vor an den Seiten stabformig ver ein Exemplar vertreten, aber ihr Orna dickt, 4 in lOp; Zellwandverdickungen mentierungsmerkmale bestehen auBer der dick, kurz, kopfig, ein Paar von Dickun Variationsbereich der librigen neue Arten gen stets gegenliber einander und zwi wie in Abbildungen (Abb. 5, Fig. 1-8; schen den beiden Pseudosepten an den Abb.6, Fig. 1-4) gezeigt. Eine neue Art Seiten angestoBt, 4 in 10,u. dlirfte deshalb hier proponiert werden. Sie unterscheidet sich von vorigen Arten hauptsiichlich durch die kleineren Areolen und ihre dichteren Ordnung. Katahiraia sp. Typllskollektion: Priiparat Nr. JAPEX Km-5340(3)=14.6x84.0(Fm13513), Taf. 40 Fig. 13, Abb. 8. Material: 1 Exemplar. Fllndort: Ein AufschluB am Slidufer des Uruyagawa-Flusses, ca. 0,9 km ostlich des Eisenbahnhofs Magarifuchi, Tenpoku Gebiet. Fllndschicht: Masuporo-Schichten, Abb. 8. Katahiraia sp. Mittelmioziin. Beschreibung: Schale weit schwacher Be71lerlwngen: Die Art kann sich von verkieselt als die librigen Arten, linear den andern Arten der Gattung durch die Ianzettlich mit leicht konkaven Seiten schwacher verkieselten, weniger kon und keilformig gerundeten (?) Enden, um vexen und eingeschnlirten Schale unter 40p lang, 8p breit; Axialarea eng, hya scheiden, jedoch ist durch Areolenmerk lin, um oben den Kanalraphe, unregel male (GroBe und Ordnung) mit Katahiraia miiBig begrenzt; Schalenoberftiiche leicht aspera, die Typus-Art der Gattung als konvex, areoliert und poroidiert; Areolen mit den librigen niiher verwandt. grob, von innen (6 in 10,u) nach auBen Da bisher nur diese eine bestiitigte (8 in lOp) nur allmiihlich an GroBe ab Schale gefunden ist, bleibt die Art vor nehmend, sehr unregelmiiBig wie bei allen liiufig als neu unbenannt. vorliegenden hier genannten Arteu der 664. Sawamuraia, Katahiraia und Yoshidaia 389 Gattung Yoshidaia, n. gen. nalraphetragenden Gattungen durch die durch Anschwellungen charakterisierte Nanzengebung: Nach dem japanischen Raphen-Eigenttimlichkeit unterschieden Erd61geologen, Herrn Yoshitaka YOSHIDA, werden. JAPEX. Typusart: Y oshidaia divergens, n. sp. Yoshidaia divergens, n. sp. Beschreibung: Zellen frei, einzeln oder mit den Schalenseiten zu kurzen dicht Namengebung: vergo (lat.)=herankom geschlossenen Bandern vereinigt, meistens men oder hinneigen, nach der Ordnungs sehr kraftig verkieselt, in Giirtelansicht weise der Pseudosepta. rechteckig-tafelf6rmig, mit Kanalraphe, Holotypus: Praparat Nr. J APEX Km- Septa mit Zwischenbandern und Pseudo 5034(18)=6.0x83.8(Fm13615), Taf. 40 Fig. septen, ohne Endknoten oder Kiele; Scha 6, Abb. 9 Fig. l. len linear bis linear-Ianzettlich, mit ge Paratypen: Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km- rundeten Enden und meistens transapikal 5034(14)= 14.5 X 76.0(Fm13647), Abb. 9 Fig. gew61bter Schalenoberflache; Zellmem 2; Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km-5034(18)= branen sowohl an der Schalen- als Giir 13.6x80.7(Fm13618), Abb. 9 Fig. 3. telflache im allgemeinen mit feinen Strei jl;Iaterial: 4 Exemplare. fen regel- und gleichmaBig strukturiert, Typuslage: Ein AufschluB am Nord nicht areoliert wie bei vorigen Gattung; ufer des Uruyagawa-Flusses, urn 1,3 km Axialarea deutlich, verhaltnismaBig breit, 6stlich des Eisenbahnhofs Magarifuchi, stets tiber Kanalraphe als eine hyaline Tenpoku-Gebiet. gestreckte Langszone tiber die ganze Typusablagerung: Masuporo-Schichten, Oberflache v611ig entwickelt; Kanalraphe Mittelmiozan. deutlich, in der Mittellinie oder min de Beschreibung: Zellen verhaltnismaBig stens vor den Pol dort stehend, mit zahl stark verkieselt, einzeln, in Giirtelansicht reichen knotenartigen Anschwellungen; rechteckig-tafelf6rmig, mit geraden, vor Kana16ffnungen vorhanden; Septa flach, dem Pol etwas eingesenkten Randern; vollstandig entwickelt, mit einer Apikal Schalen typisch linear, zuweilen trans rei he von rundlichen bis elliptischen Fen apikalleicht-konvex, fast gerade aber oft ster; Pseudosepten gerade, gekriimmt sigmaf6rmig gebogen, mit parallelen Ran oder gegabelt und divergent oder senk dern und stumpf gerundeten Enden, 31- recht zur Apikalachse, gew6hnlich mehr 46p lang, 6-7 p breit; Valvarmembranen als bei der vorigen Gattung; Zellwand zart und regelmaBig strukturiert; Trans verdickungen randstandig und stabf6rmig apikalstreifen sehr fein, oft teilweise oder kopfig. fehlend, zart poroidiert, 17-19 in 10 p, 2-5 Bemerkungen: Gegen die dichte Ver zwischen den beiden Pseudosepten; Po wandtschaft zur vorigen neu beschrie roide in Quinkunx, transapikalwarts 19 benen Gattung sprechen eindeutig einige -22 in lOp, die zur Kanalraphe nachsten fundamentale Strukturmerkmale \Vie Um Poroiden oft gr6Ber werdend, und daher riB, Pseudosepta, Kanalraphe, u.a., und einer Paar von Langsreihen der leicht die Gattung unterscheidet sich durch die vergr6.Berten Poroiden entiang beiderseits regelmaBig angeordnete Ornamentstruk des Kanalraphe gegentiber laufend ; Axial tur an der Valvarflache, demnach auch area eng, unregelmaBig begrenzt, ohne durch die dreidimensionale Symmetrie. Mittelfeld; Kanalraphe sehr deutlich, in Y oshidaia kann von allen tibrigen ka- der Mittellinie oder etwas seitlich dersel- 390 Seiichi KOMU R A ben, gerade oder leicht wellig verbogen, Yoshidaia constricta, n. sp. von Pol bis an den Pol vollig entwickelt, mit groberer elliptischer Anschwellungen Namengebung: constringo (lat.)=fest auf eine gleiche Entfernung, 5 in 10,u, je binden, nach dem eingescbniirten Schalen-· eine zwischen den Pseudosepten liegend, umriB. deswegen wie eine einfachen Knotenkette Holotypus: Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km- erscheinend ; Kanaloffnungen sehr winzig, 5037(9)=10.6x 90.5(Fm10222), Taf. 40 Fig. je eine innerhalb der Rapbenanschwel 9, Abb. 10 Fig. 1. lung; Septa flach, mit zahlreichen graBen Pamty pen : Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km- Offnungen, je eine gleichfalls wie bei 5037(S) = 10.4 X S1.7(Fm10101), Taf. 40 Fig. Rapbenanscbwellung; Pseudosepten tief 10, Abb. 10 Fig. 2: Praparat Nr. JAPEX eindringend, im all gemeinen gerade und Km-5034(2)= 11.6 X SO.0(Fm13664), Abb. 10' parallel, jedoch mit Tendenz gegen der Fig. 3. morpbologiscb gleichen Seite zu diver Material: 3 Exemplare. gieren, vor dem Schalenrande sich zu T yjJuslage: Ein AufschluB am Si.idufer gabeln und besonders in der Nahe der des Uruyagawa-Flusses, ca. 1,1 km ostlich Enden kurbelartig sich zu kri.immen, Ll -5 des Eisenbabnhofs Magarifuchi, Tenpoku-. in lOll; Zellwandverdickungen kurz, rand Gebiet. standig, gegeni.iber einander bestehend, je T ypusablagerung .' Masuporo-Schichten, eine Paar zwischen den beiden Pseudo Mittelmiozan. septen. Beschreibung: Zellen frei, einzeln; Scha-· len linear, stark gewolb t, mit in der Mitte eingeschni.irten Seiten und stumpf bis keilformig gerundeten, zuvvei len etwas vorgezogenen Enden, mehr oder weniger heteropol im UmriB, 36-4S,u lang, 5-6,u in der Mitte 6-7,u vor den Enden breit; Axialarea schmal, linear, durcb kammer artige Struktur unregelm aBig und wellig begrenzt, ohne Zentralarea; Valvarwancle linear gestreift; Transapikalstreifen sehr fein, oft schwer zu erkennen, durcb hya line Axialarea stets unterbrochen, paral lel zu Pseudosepten, poroidiert, 12-15 in 2 3 10,u, 1-3 zwischen den Pseudosepten; Poroiden licbtoptisch nur undeutlich sicht Abb. 9. Y oshidaia divergen s, n. sp. bar, lS- 20 in 10,u, die einige VO l' den in neren Enden leicht vergroBert, verdickt Beme1'lnmgen: Die vorliegende Art und miteinander vereinigt, so daB uran ist binsicbtlicb der di versierten und ge fanglicbes unvo llstandiges Kammercben kri.immten Pseudosepta und des paral sich bildend; Kanalraphe deutlich, ziem lelen Schalenrandes charakteristiscb. Sie lich gerade, in der Mittellinie oeler dazu tritt in Tenpoku-Proben am baufigsten nacbst, mit gleich-entfernter verbreiteten von allen Yoshidaia-Arten auf. elliptischen ansch well ungen, je eine vor der Zellwandverdickung, 5-6 in 10,u; Ka nalbffnungen' auBerst winzig, kaum unter- 664. Sawarnumia, Katahimia und Yoshidaia 391 scheid bar durch Lichtmikroskop; Pseudo Y oshidaia loeulata, n. sp. septen di vergent, in der Schalenmitte ge rade, miteinander parallel und zur apikal Na mengebung: loculus (lat.)=Schmal achse senkrecht, aber in der Nahe der platz, nach der in zahlreichen Kammer Schalenenden mit Apikalchse einen spit chen geteilten Schalenmembran. zen Winkel bildend und kurbelahnlich ge Holotypu s: Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km - brochen oder zweiastig gegabelt, 5-7 in 5041(16)= 13.9 X 93.4(Fm9636), Taf. 40 Fig. lOp; Zellwandverdickungen kurz, rand 11, Abb. 11 Fig. 1. standig, lmotig oder kopfig, mit Pseudo Paratypen. Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km- septa wechselnd und dazwischen gepaart, 5041(35)=6.5 X 79.7 (Fm13495), Taf. 41 5-7 in lOp. Fig. 9, Abb. 11 Fig. 5; Praparat Nr. J APEX Km-5041(34) = 8.2 X 76.8(Fm13534), Abb. 11 Fig. 2 ; Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km -5041(33) = 11.4 X 83.7(Fm13540), Abb. 11 Fig. 3; Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km -5041(l3) = 13.2 x 83.2(Fm13543), Abb. 11 Fig. 4. Material: 5 Exemplare. Typuslage: Ein AufschluB am Siidufer des U ruyagawa-Flusses, um 0,7 km ostlich des Eisenbahnhofs Magarifuchi, Tenpoku Gebiet. Typu sablageru ng : Koi toi -Schich ten, Oberstmiozan. Besehreibung: Zellen frei, einzeln oder zuweilen mit den Schalenseiten zu kurzen dicht geschlossenen Bandern verbunden, Abb. 10. Y oshidaia canst1-icta, n. sp. sehr kraftig verkieselt, in Giirtelansicht rechteckig-tafelformig mit in der Mi tte Bemerkungen: Keins der untersuchten geraden, vo r den Polen allmahlich ein Exemplare scheint die wahrhaften Septa gesenkten Randern und abgerundeten zu tragen, trotzdem wird die Art sic her Ecken; Schalen linear, stark gewolbt, mit wegen der Ubereinstimmung von Eigen parallelen Randern und breit gerundeten tiimlichkeiten in bezug auf die Kanal Enden, 44-49plang, 6-8p breit ; Zellwande raphe und Zellvvandstruktur zur vorl ie kompliziert jedoch regelm aBig strukturi gende Gattung Yoshidaia gestellt. Die ert, gekammert und gestreift; Kammern septa tragenden Exemplare werden viel auf der Valvarflache lang-rechteckig, leicht durch zukiinftige Forschungen ge transapikal gerichtet, beiderseits der Ka funden worden. nalraphe gegeniiber paarig geordnet, in Y oshidaia constricla wird durch den einer Seite durch die Axialarea begrenzt eingeschniirten U mriB und die teilweise und in der andern mit dem Valvarrande gebildete uranfanglichen Kammerchen geschlossen, ungeteilt, 7-9 in lOp, je von der typischen Art der Gattung 2- 5 zwischen den beiden Pseudosepten; unterschieden. Transapikalstreifen sehr fein, poroidiert, senkrecht zur Mittellinie in Doppelreihen, stets innerhalb der Kammer beschrankt, 13- 17 in 10,u; Poroide sehr winzig, licht- 392 Seiichi KOMURA optisch erkennbar nur durch Phasenmi raume. kroskop, 16-24 in lOp, eine Paar von Bemerkungen: Die Zellen der Art sind Uingsreihen der etwas vergroBerten Po auBer vor der Polen apikalweise flach, roiden entlang beiderseits der Axialarea transapikalweise stark·konvex, und des oft gebildet; hyaline Zwischenraume halb iiberhaupt zylindrisch gebildet. Die zwischen den Kammern als die kraftige Art kann sich durch ihre charakteristi Rippe transapikal laufend, an inneren schen Strukturen, insbesondere die lang Enden von hyalinen Axialarea gekreuzt rechteckigen Kammerchen und dichter und damit einander verschmolzt, an geordneten Zellwandverdickungen von auBeren ans Valvarrand reichend und dort zwei bereits beschriebenen Arten leicht stets mit einer von Zellwandverdickungen unterscheiden. verbunden ; Axialarea schmal, linear, unregelmaBig begrenzt, 0,5-1,Op breit; Y oshidaia? densicostata, n. sp. Kanalraphe deutlich aber feiner als bei vorigen Arten, yom Pol an den Pol in der Namengebung: dens us (lat.)=dicht und Mittellinie gerade laufend, mit kleinen costa (lat.)=Rippe, nach der Ordnungs elliptischknotigen gleichentfernten Ansch zustande der dichter gestellten Pseudo wellungen 8-9 in lOp, je eine vor der septen. Schalenkammern ; KanalOffnungen un Holotypus: Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km- sichtbar; Septa ganz entwickelt, mit zahl 5041(13)=13.4x 98.0(Fm9672), Taf.40 Fig. reichen, groBen, zwischen den Pseudo 12, Abb. 12. septen gelegten und elliptischen Fenster Material: 1 Exemplar. (3 in 10,£1); Pseudoseptendeutlich, gewohn Typuslage: Ein AufschluB am Siidufer lich gerade, vor den Polen oft gewellt, des Uruyagawa-Flusses, urn 0,7 km ostlich senkrecht zum Valvarrand und an dort des Eisenbahnhofs Magarifuchi, Tenpoku etwas keulenformig verdickt, 2-4 in lOp; Gebiet. Zellwandverdiekungen kurz, randstandig, Typusablagerung: Koitoi-Schichten, gegeniiber einander und dieht angenahert Oberstmiozan. besetzt, 12-16 in 10,£1, je eine fUr jede Beschreibung: Schale stark verkieselt, Schalenkammer und fUr jeden Zwischen- linear, mit parallelen Randern und stumpf gerundeten Enden, 44,£1 lang, 7 p breit; Schalenoberflache stark gewolbt, regel maBig gestreift; Transapikalstreifen zart und undeutlich, in Doppelreihen zwischen den Pseudosepten stehend, von hyaliner Axialarea stets unterbrochen, fein poroi diert, etwa 16 in lOp; Poroide sehr win zig, unterscheidbar nur durch Phasen mikroskop, 25 in 10,£1, eine Paar von Langsporoidenreihen gleicherweise wie bei der Typus-Art der Gattung gebildet; Axialarea gerade, in der Mittellinie, ver haltnismaBig breit, ein Sechstel der Scha 2 3 4. 5 lenbreite besetzend, wellig begrenzt; Ka nalraphe gerade, in der Mittellinie deut Abb. 11. Y oshidaia loculata, n. sp. lich bestehend, enger als die der andern 664. Sa'Wal1?"nmia, Katahiraia '/,~ncl Yoshiclaia 393 Arten, mit zahlreichen groBeren knotigen Yoshidaia? pupurifera, n. sp. Anschwellungen (8-9 in 10,u ), je eine zwi· schen den beiden Pseudosepten; Kanal. Namengebung: pupula (lat.)=Pupille offnung unsicbtbar; kaum Septa im ein· uncl fero (lat.)= tragen, nacb der am facben Exemplar festgestellt ; Pseudo· Rancl reihenden augen abnlichen Poren. septen deutlich, gerade jedoch zuweilen Holotypus : Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km- in cler Mitte etvvas gekrummt, senkrecht 5034(1)=7.0 x 89.0(Fm13658), Taf. 41 Fig. zur Apikalachse, auf eine clicbtere uncl 10, Abb. 13 Fig. 4. gleicbe Entfernung gestellt, zirka 9 in Paratypen: Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km - 10,u; Zellwandverdickungen gar nicht vor· 5034(1 )= 11.1 X 89.7(Fm13653), Taf. 41 Fig. hanclen. 11, Abb. 13 Fig. 3; Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km-5034(2)= 4.5 X 88.4(Fm13669), Taf. 41 Fig. 12, Abb. 13 Fig. 1; Praparat Nr. J APEX Km -5034(2) = 15.1 X 86.5(Fm13661), Abb. 13 Fig. 2. Mat erial: 4 Exemplare. Typuslage : Ein AufschluB am Nord. ufer des Uruyagawa.Flusses, etwa 1,3 km ostlich cles Eisenbahnhofs Magarifuchi, Tenpoku·Gebiet. Typusablagerung: Masuporo·Schich ten, Mittelmiozan. Beschreibung: Zellen frei, einzeln, in Giirtelansicht rechteckig·tafelformig mit abgeruncleten Ecken; Scbalen linear·lan· zettlich in transapikaler Richtung sch. Abb. 12. Y oshidaia? densicoslala, n. sp. wach gewolbt, mit transapikal leicht·er· weiterter Mitte uncl breit bis stumpf ge· B emerlwngen : Die Art scbeint auf. runcleten Enden, zuweilen ein bi1?>chen gruncl cler Verlangerung des linearen U m· S·formig gebogen, 29-36,u lang, 4-8,u Tisses, cler starken W olbung der Scbale breit; Axialarea eng in cler lVIitte, hyalin, uncl cler Doppelreihen der Poroiden mit gerade, uber Kanalraphe, vor den Polen cler vorigen Art, Yoshidaia loculata n. mebr ocler weniger breiter werclend; Val. sp. verwandt, aber sie unterscheiclet sicb varmembran gestreift und poroicliert, unterscheidet sich leicbt durcb clas Feb· 9- 10 in10,u; Transapikalstreifen zart, un· len cler Schalenkammerchen uncl clas Vor· deutlicb, meistens nur unvollkommen ent· hanclensein cler weit clicbter georclneten wickelt, stets in einer Reibe zwischen den Pseudosepten. Pseudosepten uncl von hyalinear Axial. Obwohl die Art die fur Yoshidaia cba· area unterbrocben; Poroide sebr winzig rakteristischen Zell vvandverclickungen hat, auBer claB clie auBersten sehr groB ent· kann nichts festgestellt werden, da sie wickeln , in einel' Al'eole sich zu ubel'ge. beim einzigen Funcl fehlen. Die Stellung hen uncl cleswegen als eine Langsreihe wird damit unsicher bleiben, bis weitere cler augenabnli cben runcllicben Areolen Exemplare gefunclen werclen. entlang innerhalb des Valvarrandes von Pol bis an den Pol vollstandig verlaufen, eine anclere Langsl'eihe del' gl'oBeren Po· 394 Seiichi KOMURA roiden paarig beiderseits der Kanalraphe apikal geordnet (aber meistens unvoll mindestens in der Schalenmitte zuweilen kommen nur in gr6Beren Exemplare); gebildet, zwischen diese zwei Arten Uings Kanalraphe schmal, gerade, in der Mittel rei hen einige winzige Poroide hauptsach linie gelegen, mit gleichentfernten Raphen lich in der Nahe der Schalenmitte trans- anschwellungen, je eine zwischen den bei- Tafelerklarungen (Vergr6Berung: Jeder schwarze Stock entsprieht einheitlieh 10 Mikron.) Tafel 40 Fig. 1. Sawamuraia biseriata, n. gen., n. sp. Holotypus. Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km-4937(2)=7.8x88.2(Fml0755). Wakkanai-Sehiehten_ Obermiozan. Fig. 2. Sawamuraia quadriseriata, n. sp. Holotypus. Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km-5154(2) = 12.2 x 90.0(FmI2397). Moehikllbetsll-Sehi ehten. U nterpliozan. Fig. 3. Sawamuraia quadriseriata, n. sp. Paratypus. Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km-3519(1l) =8.0 x 89.3(Fm8505). Koitoi-Sehiehten. Oberst miozan. Fig. 4. Sawamuraia multibullata, n. sp. HolotYPllS. Praparat Nr. JAPEX Fo-ll (15) =7.9 x 90.2(FmI2032). Koitoi-Sehiehten. Oberst miozan. Fig. 5. Sawallluraia muttibullata, n. sp. ParatYPlls. Praparat Nr. JAPEX Fo-ll (11) = 12.3 x 82.8(FmI2045). Koitoi-Sehiehten. Oberst miozan. Fig. 6. Yoshidaia divergens, n. gen., n. sp. HolotYPllS. Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km-5031(18) =6.0 x 83.8(FmI3615, 13616). Masllporo-Sehi ehten. Mittelmiozan. Fig. 7. Yoshidaia divergens, n. gen., n. sp. ParatYPlls. Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km-5034(l8) = 13.6 x 80.9(FmI3618, 13620). Masllporo-Sehi ehten. Mittelmiozan. Fig. 8. Yashidaia divergens, n. gen., n. sp. ParatYPlls. Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km-5034(14)=14.5x76.0(FmI3647, 136"18). Masuporo.Sehi. ehten. Mittelmiozan. Fig. 9. Yoshidaja constricta, n. sp. Ho\otypus. Praparat N r. JAPEX Km-5037(9) = 10.6 x 90.5(Fml0222). Masuporo-Sehiehten. Mi tte\ miozan. Fig. 10. Yoshidaia constricta, n. sp. Para tYPllS. Praparat N r. JAPEX Km-5037 (8) = 10.4 x 81.7 (Fml 0101). Masuporo.Sehiehten. Mittelmiozan. Fig. 11. Yoshidaia loculata, n. sp. Ho\otypus. Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km-5041 (\6) = 13.9 x 93.4(Fm9636). Koitoi-Sehiehten. Oberst miozan. Fig. 12. Y oshidaia? densicostata, n. sp. Holotyplls.· Prapiuat Nr. JAPEX Km-5041 (13) =13.4 x 98.0(Fm9672). Koitoi-Sehiehten. Oberst. miozan. Fig. 13. Katahiraja sp. Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km-5340(3) = 14.6 x 8.!.0(FmI3513). Masuporo·Sehiehten. Mittelmiozan. KOMURA: Sawamuraia, Katahiraia, Yoshidaia, neue Diatomgattungen Tafel 40 ,•.• I 1 :I· 1 ·• 2 ·1 I 664. S CL 'W arnumia, Katahimia und Yoshidaia 395 den Pseudosepten, 9- 10 in lap; Septen poku-Gebiet. nicht gefunden soweit Exemplare gepri.ift Fundschich t .- Masuporo-Schichten, w urden; Pseudosepten gerade, verhaltnis· Mittelmiozan. maBig dick, jedo::h nicht tief ins Zellin Beschreibung.- Schale linear, mi t pa ne re eindringend, senkrecht zur Apikal rallelen Ra ndern und keilformig gerunde achse, gleichentfernt, 9-10 in l ap ; Zell ten Enden, etvv as !c onvex, 48p lang, 7 p wandve rdickungen gar nicht entwickelt. breit ; T ransapikals treifen zart, parallel zur Pseudosepten, fein poroidiert ; Poroi de sehr win zig, in Quinkunx, transapi kal war ts ca. 21 in l ap; Kanalraphe vor den Polen in der Mittellinie, andernteil s dane ben ; Kanalbff nungen deutlich sichtbar, je ein e innerhalb einer Raphenanschwel lu ng ; Se pta fl ach, mit zahlreichen ellip tischen Fenster in apikalen Ri chtung; Pseudosepta leicht di vergent, in der Na he der Polen entweder gegabelt oder kur bel artig gekrummt, 6 in lap; Zell wand ver di ckungen kurz, randsta ndig, gegenuber einander zwischen den beiden Pseudo septen, 6 in l ap; sonstige strukturell en 2 3 4 l\Ilerkmale wie bei der typischen Art der Abb. 13. Y oshidcia? pupu1'1/era, n. sp. Gattung. BemerllU ngen .- Die Art mag a uf Grund der di cht-entfernt georclneten Pseudosep t en mit cle r oben beschriebenen neuen Art, Yoshidaia? densicostala verwa ndt sein. Sie untef3cheidet sich a ber durch die Zahl cl er Transapikalstreifen zwischen den Pseuclosepten und Langsreihen der augena rtigen randsta ndigen Areolen. Die Determina tion wird gegenwartig mit Fra gezeichen versehen, solange keine g ri..ind li che Suche nach septatragenden Exem pla ren unternommen wi rcl . Yoshidaia sp. Abb. 1"1. Y oshidaic. sp. Typu slwlle!?tioi L. Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km -503 L1( 2) = 4.2 X 87.5 (Fml0841), T af. BeliL erlw ngen.- Die a rt wird bisher nur 41 Fig. 13, Abb. 14. mit diesem einen Exemplar vertreten, je Mat eri al.- 1 Exemplar. doch ist in Besetz von cl ivergenten, ge Fu ndor t.- Ein AufschluB am Nordufer gabelten oder gekri..immten Pseudosepten des Uruyagawa-Flusses, zirka 1,3 km ost und von in Quinkunx geordneten Poroi li ch des Eisenbahnhofs Maga rifuchi. T en- den mit der T ypus-Art cl er Gattung nahe 396 Seiichi KOMU RA verwandt. Sie unterscheidet sich aber phologischer Ubergang sich wesenhaft von ihr durch dichter stehenden Paeudo befindet. Bis Erklaren dieser Zweifel septen. punkte bleibt die Art unbenannt. Es ist noch nicht ermittelt, ob mor- Tafelerklarungen (VergroBerllng: Jeder schwarze Stock entsprieht einheitlieh 10 Mikron.) Tafel 41 Fig. 1. Katahiraia aspera, n. gen., n. sp. Holotypus. Praparat Kr. JAPEX Fj-2730(3) =8.9 x 91.8(Fm8338). Kotanbetsll·Sehiehten. Mi ttelmiozan. Fig. 2. Katahiraia aspera, n. gen., n. sp. Paratypus. Praparat Nr. JAPEX Fj-2730(l3) =4.4 x 82.0(FmI3452, 13453). Kotanbetsu-Sehi ehten. Mittelmiozan. Fig. 3. Katahiraia aspera, n. gen., n. sp. Paratypus. Praparat Nr. JAPEX Fj-2730(6) =6.0 x 78.8(FmI3485). Kotanbetsu-Sehiehten. Mittelmiozan. Fig. 4. Katahiraia aspera, n. gen., n. sp. Paratypus. Praparat Nr. JAPEX Fj-2730(1l) = 19.4 x 77.9(FmI3463, 13462). Kotanbetsu-Sehi ehten. Mittelmiozan. Fig. 5. Katahiraia aspera, n. gen., n. sp. Paratypus. Praparat Nr. JAPEX Fj-2730(3) = 10.1 x 85.3(Fm13756)_ Kotanbetsll-Sehiehten. Mittelmiozan. Fig. 6. Katahiraia oblonga, n. sp. Holotypus. Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km-5151(1)=14.8x83.1(Fm12302). Moehikllbetsll-Sehi ehten. Unterpliozan. Fig. 7. Katahiraia pauperata, n. sp. Holotypus. Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km-5149(2) = 16.1 x 79.9(Fm12208, 12207). Moehikllbetsu Sehiehten. U nterpliozan. Fig. 8. Y oshidaia constricta, n. sp. Paratypus. Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km-503-1(19) =8.2 x 84.5(Fm13562). Masuporo-Sehiehten. Mi ttelmiozan. Fig. 9. Y oshidaia loculata, n. sp. ParatYPlls. Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km-5041 (35) =6.5 x 79.7(FmI34g5, 13491). Koitoi-Sehiehten. Oberstmiozan. Fig. 10. Yoshidaia? pupurifera, n. sp. I-IOlotYPllS. Praparat Nr. JAPE X Km-503-1(1)=7.0x89.0(Fm13658). Masllporo-Sehiehten. Mittelmiozan. Fig. 11. Yoshidaia? pupurifera, n. sp. ParatYPlls. Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km-5034(1) =11.1 x89.7(FmI3653). Masuporo-Sehichten. Mittelmiozan. Fig. 12. Y oshidaia? pupurifera, n. sp. ParatYPlls. Praparat Nr. JAPEX Km-5034(2) =4.5 x 88.4(rmI3669). Masuporo-Sehiehten. Mittelmiozan. Fig. 13. Y oshidaia sp. Praparat Kr. JAPEX Km-5034(2) =4.2 x 87.5(Fml0841, 10842). Masuporo-Sehiehten. Mittel miozan. KOMURA: Sawamuraia, Katahiraia, Yoshidaia, neue Diatomgattungen Tafel 41 .. .. '. * ~ ~~ -\ .~r.--4 " ·f,," .,.. ..- 'I 7·'.JJJ.,,,·'ow _e ~.,. .. , .~:" ., ~ , I l 9a 9b 664. Sawamumia, Katahiraia und Yoshidaia 397 Literatur tribution in the correlative formations in Northeast Japan. Ibid., 30, 1-130, TaL GEISLER, U. und GERLOFF, J. (1963): Elek 1-11, Abb. 1-2, Tab. 1, 7 Karten. tronenmikroskopische Beitrage zur Phylo KARSTEl', G. (1928): Bacillariophyta (Dia genie der Diatomeenrhaphe. Nov. Hedw., tomeae): in Engler, A. u. PRA"\TL, K., 6, 339-352, TaL 97-103. Die natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien, 2, 105- HATA, M. (1961): Explanatory text of the 303, Fig. 93-424, Verlag von Wilhelm geological map of Japan, Hatsuura. Ceol. Engelmann, Leipzig. Surv. Japan, 1-2,1-60,1-8, Abb. 1-15, Tab. MINATO, M. et al. (1965): The geologic de 1-10,1 Karte, (lap. mit engl. Zusammenf.). velopment of the Japanese islands. i-xxv, HEN DEY, N.!. (1964): An introductory ac 1-442, TaL 1-30, Abb. 1-26, Tab. 1-25, count of the smaller algae of British Tsukijishokan, Tokio. Coastal Waters, Part V: Bacillariophyta NAGAO, S. (1960): Explanatory text of the (Diatoms). i-xxii, 1-317, Taf. 1-45, Abb. geological map of Japan, Toyotomi. Ceol. 1-9, Tab. 1-8, H.M.S.O., London. Surv. Hokkaido, 1-42, Photo. 1-20, Abb. 1- HLJSTEDT, F. (1927-64): Die Kieselalgen 6, 1 Karte, (lap. mit eng!. ZusammenL). Deutschlands, Osterreichs und der Sch OSANAI, H. (1954): Explanatory text of the weiz mit Beriicksichtigung der iibrigen geological map of Japan, Wakkanai. Ibid., Lander Europas sowie der angrenzenden 1-3, Taf. 1-6, Abb. 1-7, Tab. 1-3, 1 Karte, Meeresgebiete: in Rabenhorstes Krypto (lap. mit eng!. Zusammenf.). gamen-Flora von Deutschland, Osterreichs PERAGALLO, H. et M. (1897-1908): Diatomees und der Schweiz, 7. (1): 1-920, Abb. 1- marines de France, et des districts mari 542, (2): 1-736, Abb. 1-ll05, (3): 1-556, times voisins. i-xii, 1-493, Taf. 1-137, Abb. 1-4ll, Leipzig. Grez-sur-Loing. -- (1956): Kieselalgen (Diatomeen): in SCHRADER, H.-J. (1973): Cenozoic diatoms Einfiihrung in die Kleinlebewel t, 7-70, from the northeast Pacific, Leg 18: in TaL 1-"1, Kosmos-Verlag, Stuttgart. KLILM, L.D., et aI., Initial reports of the JOLISE, A.P. (1963): Bacillariophyta: in VAX Deep Sea Drilling Project, 18, 673-798, RA~IEEVA, V.A. et aI., Osnovi Paleonto! TaL 1-26, Abb. 1-36, Tab. 1-8, U.S. GO\·. ogii, 55-151, Abb. 1-200, Izd. Akad. Nauk, Printing Office, Washington. Moskva. TAKAHASHI, K. und ISHIYAMA, S. (1968): Ex KANAYA, T. (1957): Eocene diatom assem planatory text of the geological map of blages from the Kellog and "Sidney" Japan, Numakawa. Ceol. Surv. Hokkaido, shales, Mt. Diablo Area, California. Sci. 1-46, Abb. 1-21, Tab. 1-21, Tab. 1-3, 1 Rept. TollOku Univ., 2nd ser. (Ceol.), 28, Karte, (lap. mit eng!. Zusammenf.). 27-12-1, TaL 1-6, Abb. 1-4, Tab. 1-6. VAN HEURCK, H. (1896): A treatise on the -- (1959): Miocene diatom-assemblages Diatomaceae. i-xx, 1-558, TaL 1-35, Fig. from Onnagawa formation and their dis- 1-291, Wesley & Son, London. / Enbetsu ~ ~Ij Sakanoshita Jft T Furenbetsuga wa JJllIZlj !II Shosanbetsu W JlJ 5J1j Kawasaki !II I~,~ Tenpoku ::R ::It .!!!! ~ Toyosaki 5L iIiIjl Koitoi F' Ii\] Kotanbetsu ifft J]1j Toyotomi ~ "'"'I£I Magarifuchi rJll vm Uruyagawa ~VTE:fr!ll Utakoshi }tg Masuporo :ttl ~ lID: Wakkanai Mochikubetsu Di~ 5J1j ffE P'I Onishibetsu 5iL~ Zlj Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S., No. 103, pp. 398-405, pI. 42, Oct., 15, 1976 665. ON THE PERMIAN BRYOZOA FROM THE NORTHERN PART OF SAINBEYLI, CENTRAL TURKEY ~ SUMIO SAKAGAMI Department of Geology, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790 rlv::I Introduction and Acknowledgments OZEAN for their kind guidances in the field. I would also like to thank in par In 1972, as a part of the research proj ticular the members of Japanese party: ect on the Pe~mian/Triassic boundary Drs. Y. BANDO, K. ISHII, M. MURATA, K. problems, our party under the leadership NAKAMURA, K. NAKAZAWA, Y. OKIMURA of Professor K. NAKAZAWA, Kyoto Uni and S. SHIMIZU for their kind cooperations versity had a chance to visit Turkey, and in the field. The field survey was financed engaged in the biostratigraphical field by the Overseas Scientific Research Fund survey in the area of Naltas about 20 km of the Ministry of Education, Japan for north of Sainbeyli which is about 400 km this project in 1972. southelst from Ankara. Small bryozoan fauna described here was collected from Faunal Analysis the middle part of the Permian section taken by us in the area. This is the first The schematic diagram of the Permian paleontological report on the Permian section in the area is shown in the Text bryozoans from Turkey. figure. The bryozoans were found in as Before going further, I would like to sociation with some brachiopods from the express my sincere thanks to the staffs uppermost part of marly limestone (about of MT A in Ankara, Turkey for their 30m thick) which is covered by the cliff hearty arrangement and help in making forming bedded limestone (about 30m the research successful, especially to thick). Several other fossils identified in Messers. Ethem GOGER and Ahmet the field are shown also in the Text-figure. * Received April 14, 1976: read Jan. 30, The following five bryozoan species 1976 at Kawatabi. were discriminated: 398 665. Permian Bryozoa from Northern Part of Sainbeyli 399 Cyclotrypa ogbinensis MOROZOVA horizon of the Guadalupian stage in Fistulipora sp. d. F. monticulosa Armenian Dzhulfa of Trans-Caucasia by NIKIFOROVA MOROZOVA (in RuzHENTsEv and SARY Pseudobatostomella decora MOROZOVA CHEVA, 1965). Araxopora araxensis (NIKIFOROVA) Thus, it is clear that, in spite of the Polypora tubulosa NIKIFOROVA poor number of species, the present Four species of them, except for bryozoan fauna is closely related to the Pseudobatostomella decora originally des Permian bryozoan fauna of Armenian cribed from the Upper Kazanian stage of Dzhulfa that is about 800 km east from several localities in Russian Platform, the present locality. have been reported from the Gnishik Claraia. Unionites. Promyalina? Triass ie/Permian Boundary (seeminoly conformable) .><:>C-~- Staffella, Warthia ---.-... Spinomarginifera. Orfhothetina Waagenaphyllum / BRYOZOA, Brachiapada Chusenella Bellerophon, Brachiopoda Perm ia n/Carbon i ferous o Boundary (faullJ Text-fig. Schematic diagram of the Permian section at about 20 km. north of Sainbeyli. (by the party (NAKAZAWA et a\.) of the field survey, 1972) such as seaweed. Thickness of zoarium Description of Species usually 2 to 3mm, 5mm at the maximum. Cyclotrypa ogbinensis MOROZOVA Tangential section :-Zooecial tubes cir cular, their average diameter 0.270 mm, Plate 42, Figs. 1, 2. ranging from 0.240 to 0.340 mm in some 80 measurements. Usually 3.5 to 4 1965. Cyclotrypa ogbinensis MOROZOV"\, p. 183, pI. XXV, fig. 1. zooecia per 2 mm diagonally, 17 to 18 zooecia in a field of 4 sq. mm. Occa Zoarial observations:-About 3cm X 3cm sionally prominently large zooecial tubes weathered surface specimen of zoarium disposed at interval of about 2 mm, their was collected and three oriented sections diameter ranging from 0.400 to 0.450 mm. were made out of the specimen for ex Vesicular tissue not so regular in size amination. Zoarium encrusting ane! could and arrangement, usually one to three have been attached to foreign substance vesicles between adjacent zooecia. Usu- 400 Sumio SAKAGAMI ally 5 to 6 vesicles per mm horizontally. Fistulipora sp. ct. F. monticulosa No lunarium developed. NIKIFOROVA Longitudinal section:-Zooecial tubes Plate 42, Figs. 3, 4. run for a short distance along coenelasma but curve gradually upward, making a Compared:- 1933. Fistulipora monticuiosa NIKIFOROVA, p. right angle in mature region. Thin dia 10, 11; 34, 35, pI. I, figs. 9-15, text phragms well developed nearly straight figs. 3, 4. or slightly concave and inters paces be tween diaphragms usually about 0.50 mm, Zoarial observations:-Form of zoarium ranging from 0.25 to 0.75 mm. Inter unknown owing to only one tangential zooecial tissue consisting of irregularly section of fragmentary specimen. arranged vesicles like depressed fish Tangential section :-Zooecial tube sub scales but more elongated in some cases. circular to rounded triform, the inside Remarks:-The present species was longitudinal diameter excluding lunarium originally described from the Gnishik ranging from 0.330 to 0.450 mm in outer horizon of Armenian Dzhulfa, Trans zone and transverse diameter from 0.350 Caucasia by MOROZOVA (in R. & S., 1965). to 0.400 mm in outer zone and 0.25 to Although the zoarial form ot the present 0.320 mm in the inner. Usually 4 zooecia specimen differs from the holotype, the per 2 mm diagonally. Lunarium well present form is apparently identical with developed and horse-shoe shaped, occupy Cyclotrypa ogbinensis in all other essential ing about one half to one third of zooecial characters. As pointed out by MOROZOVA circumference, its thickest part is ranging the present species is apparently repre from 0.030 to 0.050 mm, and the both sented the remains of reproductive ends of lunarium projected into zooecial organs which is extremely rarely found tube in the outer zone. Interval between in representatives of the fistuliporids, the both ends of lunarium about 0.200 such organs are developed also in the mm. Vesicular tissue relatively fine and present specimens as prominently large irregularly polygonal. Eight to ten ves zooecial tubes. icles per mm. horizontally. Specimen Nos.:-TS-101a, 102, 103. R emarl? s :-Owing to only one fragmen tary tangential section at hand, the de Table 1. Measurements of Cyciotrypa tailed observation and comparison could ogbinensis MOROZO\'A (in mm). not be made. However, the characteris tics in the tangential section, the present TS-101a, TS-102 Specimen No. TS-103 form agrees Fistulipora monticu/osa which was originally described from the D juJfa Zoarial form encrusting (=Dzhulfa) region by NIKIFOROVA (1933), Thickest part of zoarium 4.0-5.0 especially in the sizes and forms of Diameter of zooecium O. 2~JO-O. 340 zooecium and lunarium in the tangential No. of apertures in 2 mm. diagonal 3.5-4 section. & No. of diaphragms in Later, MOROZOVA (in R. S., 1965) 1mm. 2-3 reported this species from the Gnishik No. of vesicles in 1 mm horizon of Armenian Dzhulfa, Trans 9-12 longitudinal Caucasia without description and illustra No. of vesicles in 1 mm tion. horizontal 5-6 Specimen iVo.:-TS-101b. 665. Permian Bryozoa f1'om Northern Part of Sainbeyli 401 Table 2. M"asurem~nts of FistuliporJ sp. d. F. manticulosa NIKIFOROV A (in mm). Specimen No. TS-I0lb Zoarial form unknown Diameter of zooecium ( ) in outer region 0.350-0.400 a-a in inner region 0.250-0.320 Diameter of zooecium (b-b) in outer region 0.330-0.450 0.030-0.050 Thickness of lunarium occasionally 0.070 No. of apertures in 2 mm diagonal ca. 4 No. of vesicles in 1 mm horizontal 8-10 Pseudobatostomella decQ1'a MOROZOVA arranged longitudinally but not so irreg ularly, about 8 per 2 mm of longitudinal Plate 42, Figs. G, 7. direction. Mesoecia present but not so 1970. Pseudobatostomella decora MOROZO\'A, p. many, usually oval or subcircular, their 124, 125, pI. XIX, fig. 4; pI. XX, fig. I. diameter ranging from 0.020 to 0.050 mm. There are about 25 zooecia and 7 to 8 Zoarial observations:-A single fra mesoecia in a field of one sq. mm. Many gmentary longitudinal section but the prominent acanthoecia having very small tangential in part was examined. Zoarium pores and surrounded by dark concentric consisting of smallc ylindrical stem, and fibrous tissue, relatively uniform in size, its diameter about 1.1 mm. The diameter ranging from 0.020 to 0.030 mm in outer of immature zone about 0.12 mm. Thick diameter, there are about 320 acanthoecia ness of mature zone about 0.40 mm. in one sq. mm. Longitudinal section:-Zooecial tubes R emarlls:-The present form agrees trend nearly parallel to longitudinal di Pseudobatostomella decQ1'a which MORO rection of zoarium in short distance, but ZOVA (in R. & S., 1965) described from curve gradually outward with outer sur face of zoarium at an angle of about Table 3. Measurements of Pseudobatostomella 0 de cora MOROZOV A (in mm). 90 • Thin zooecial wall in immature region relatively short but gradually Specimen No. TS-I0lc thickened to mature region. Thick walled part of tube relatively long, consisting of Orientation of section Long. fine fibrous tissue without monilae. Diameter of zoarium 1.1 Diaphragms very thin, slightly concave, Diameter of immature 0.20? zone usually 2 to 3 in mature region of a tube. Thickness of mature zone 0.40? Tangential section :-Zooecial tube cir Diameter of zooecium 0.080-0.130 cular or oval in mature region but with (shorter) irregular margin near surface. Zooecial Diameter of zooecium 0.100-0.150 diameters, one measured along horizontal (longer) direction 0.100 mm average, ranging from Diameter of mesoecium 0.020-0.050 0.080 to 0.130 mm, and another measured Diameter of acanthoecium 0.020-0.030 along longitudinal direction 0.120mm in an (outer) No. of zooecia 2 mm ca. 8 average, ranging from 0.100 to 0.150 mm longitudinal on 8 measurements. Zooecial apertures 402 Snmio SAKAGAMI the Upper Permian Kazanian Stage of be rarely present. Diaphragms in mesoecia several localities in Russian Platform in may be present but indistinct in many all of the essential characters. The cases. characteristics of the present species are Tangential section :-Zooecial tube poly. in having very small zoarial diameter and gonal with sharp edges in immature reo many prominent acanthoecia. gion, elongated oval in mature region, SPecimen No.:-TS-101c. but irregular in the nearest part to sur· face. Zooecial diameters at the middle level of mature tube, one measured along Araxopora araxensis (NIKIFOROVA) horizontal (shorter) direction 0.126 mm in an average, ranging from 0.090 to Plate 42, Figs. 8-11. 0.150 mm, and another measured along 1933. Baloslomella spilligcra var. ar:LXensis longitudinal (longer) direction 0.232 mm NIKIFORAVA, p. 18,14; 36, pI. IV, figs. in an average, ranging from 0.180 to 1-4. 0.310 mm for 50 measurements. Zooecial 1938. Slenodiscus granuiaris YA:-iG, p. 124, 123; apertuers arranged longitudinally but not 133, 13-1, pI. II, figs. 2-8. so regularly, about 5 to 6 per 2 mm of 1965. Araxopora araxensis MOROZOV A (in longitudinal direction. Mesoecia irregu. RUZfIENTSEV and SARYCHEVA), p. 186, larly arranged, circular to elongated 187, pl. XXV, figs. 4, 3, pI. XXVI, fig. 3, text.fig. 20. oval but occasionally irregular in shape, variable in size, their diameter 0.062 mm Zoarial observations:-Typical longitu. in an average, ranging from 0.040 to dinal, tangential and transverse sections 0.080 mm for 50 measurements. Usually which were made out of a zoarium, and 12 to 15 zooecial apertures and 10 to 14 one oblique section were also examined. mesoecia in a field of one sq. mm. zoarium consisting of straight, cylindrical Acanthoecia rarely present, about stem, 3.0 to nearly about 5.0 mm in dia· 0.010 mm in diameter. meter. Transverse section :-In immature reo Longitudinal section :-Zooecial tubes gion, zooecial tubes show honeycomb like run nearly straight but slightly bend out· structure, but obliterated in many cases. ward and trend parallel to longitudinal The characters in mature region are the direction of zoarium in inner part, rapidly same with that in the longitudinal section. bend at the inner edges of the mature Remarks:-The present species was region, and go straight throughout mature originally described from the •. Upper region reaching the surface at an angle Paleozoic" of the D julfa (Dzhulfa) region, of about 90°. Length of zooecial tube of Armenia by NIKIFOROVA (1933) as a mature region rather short, varies from variety of Batosotmella spinigera. MORO· 0.50 to 0.75 mm. Zooecial wall very thin ZOVA (in R. & S., 1965), however, placed in immature region but becoming thick that variety as the type species of her rapidly and distinctly and consisting of newly established genus Araxopora, and dark, coarse, laminated fibrous tissue in she found that the present species mature region. Diaphragm complete, occurred from the Gnishik and Khachik thicker than that of immature wall, dis· horizons of Armenian Dzhulfa, Trans. posed at outer edge of immature tube Caucasia. and one or two in mature tube. Also in The present form is identical with immature tube, very thin diaphragm may Araxopora araxensis in all of the essential 665. Permian Bryozoa from Northern Part of Sainbeyli 403 Table 4. Measurements of Araxopora Plate 42, fig. 5. araxensis (NIKIFORovA)(in mm). 1933. Polypora tubulosa NIKIFORo\' A, p. 15 TS-201, TS-202, Specimen No. I TS-203 20-22; 37, 38, pI. III, figs. 1-6, pI. IV, figs. 1-3. Orientation of section L, Tr, T Diameter of zoarium 3.0-5.0 Zoarium expanded laterally, may be Diameter of immature about 11 cm long and 9cm wide, but most zone 2.1-3.8 part is covered by dark gray muddy Thickness of mature limestone and only a part of zoarium can 0.50-0.75 zone be observed as the exposed specimen. A Diameter of zooecium typical tangential section was made from (shorter) 0.090-0.150 the rock sample for detailed examination. Diameter of zooecium (longer) 0.180-0.310 Straight branches connected by dissepi Diameter of mesoecium ments at regular intervals: 1.14 mm av (shorter) 0.040-0.080 erage, ranging from 1.00 to 1.25 mm measured from center to center of dis sepiments (25 measurements). Bifurcation characters. According to MOROZOVA, of branch not frequent. Width of branch Stenodiscus granularis from the Maokou wider than that of fenestrule, ranging limestone at Tzuchuya of Peichuan Coun from 0.375 to 0.750 mm, after bifurcation ty, Szechuan Province, China by YANG 0.375 to 0.500 mm. before bifurcation (1958) should be included in A. araxensis. 0.500 to 0.750 mm, and usually 11 to 12. Further, MOROZOVA stated that "the occasionally 15 per 10 mm horizontally. acanthopores lose their usual shape, be Interval between branches 0.90 mm in an come elongated in cross section, bent or average, ranging from 0.70 to 1.18 mm vermiform, their axial canal is expanded measured from center to center of by hypertrophy and consists of a widely branches (25 measurements). Fenestrule diaphragmed space, surrounded by a thin elongated elliptical in outline, width 0.353 outer wall" (by the translation to English mm in an average, ranging from 0.275 to language by D. A. BROWN in 1968). In 0.500 mm; length 0.781 mm average, rang the present description, however, all of ing from 0.625 to 0.900 mm (20 measure the kenozooecia except for distinct ments), 9 per 10 mm length of branch. acanthoecia are mentioned as mesoecia. Dissepiment narrower than that of The present species differs from branch, width usually 0.375mm, occasion Araxopora malayensis SAKAGAMI (1973) ally reaching 0.500mm. Zooecial tubes ar which was described from the limestone ranged uaually 4 to 5 intersecting longi (probably the uppermost Guadalupian) at tudinal rows, but 3 rows in short dis lenka Pass of Central Malay in its tance after bifurcation and 6 rows at smaller zoarial diameter and shorter just before bifurcation. In the tangential zooecial tube in mature zone and in some section, zooecial tubes rhomboidal or characteristics such as the sizes and hexagonal but occasionally irregularly forms of zooecia, mesoecia and acantho polygonal at lower and middle levels of ecia. branch, and circular near surface, ranging Specimen Nos. :-TS-201, 202, 203. from 0.100 to 0.120 mm in diameter. Zooecial apertures usually 18 per 5 mm Polypora tubulosa NIKIFOROVA length of one row, unstabilized in position 404 Sumio SAKAGAMI of aperture in relation to dissepiment. ranged fine granules. Stereom covering but usually 4 to 5 apertures per fenest the reverse side consisting of inner rule. Interval between zooecial apertures tissue with usually 3 to 5 prominent in longitudinal series from center to capillary canals on which many capillaries center ranging from 0.250 to 0.280 mm. arranged longitudinally, and outer thick, Nodes about 0.005 mm in diameter, may dark, fine fibrous tissue with very fine be disposed at each intersection of zoo granules. ecial apertures but indistinct. Inter Remarks:-Except for the zoarial form, zooecial materials consisting of dark, all of the characters and measurements very fine fibrous tissue with closely ar- are quite similar to those of Polyp ora Table 5. Measurements of Polypora tublliosa NIKIFOROYA (in mm). Specimen No. TS-204 No. of branches per 10 mm horizontally 11-12 No. of fenestrules per 10 mm length 9 No. of zooecia per 5 mm length 18 No. of rows of zooecia 3-6 (usually 4-5) No. of zooecia per fenestrule 4-5 Width of branch (normal) 0.375-0.750 Width of fenestrule 0.275-0.500 Length of fenestrule 0.625-0.900 Interval between branches (center to c.) 0.700-1.180 Interval between dissepiments (center to c.) 1. 000-1. 250 vYidth of dissepiment usually 0.375 Diameter of zooecia near surface 0.100-0.120 Distance between zooecia (center to c.) 0.250-0.280 Diameter of node ca. 0.050 Explanation of Plate 42 Figs. 1, 2. Cyclotrypa ogbinensis MORozovA 1, longitudinal section, x 20, No. TS-I02; 2, tangential section, x 20, No. TS-I03. Figs. 3, 4. Fistulipora sp. cf. F. monticulosa NIKIFOROVA 3, tangential section, x 20, No. TS-I0lb; 4, enlarged part of the same specimen, showing a zooecial tube with well developed lunarium, x 60. Fig. 5. Polypora tllbulosa NIKIFOROVA Tangential section, X 20, No. TS-204. Figs. 6, 7. Pseudobatostomella decora MORozovA 6, longitudinal section and tangential section in part, X 20, TS-I0lc; 7, enlarged tangential part of Fig. 6, showing the arrangements of zooecia, mesoecia and acanthoecia, x 60. Figs. 8-11. Araxopora araxensis (NIKIFOROVA) 8, a part of obliquely transverse section, x 20, TS-202; 9, typical longitudinal section, the immature region has been obliterated, x 20, TS-201; 10, tangential section near sur face, x 20, TS-203; 11, enlarged part of tangential section near surface, x 60, TS-203. SAKAGAMI: Permian Bryozoa from Turkey Plate 42 665. Permian Bryozoa from Northern Part of Sainbeyli 405 tllblliosa which was originally described References from Djulfa (=Dzhulfa) of Armenia by NIKIFOROVA (1933). MOROZOVA, 1. P. (1970): Upper Permian Bryozoa. Trudy Paleont. Inst., Akad. Although NIKIFOROVA stated that one Nauk USSR., tom 122, p. 1-347, pis. I of the distinctive characters of this LXIV. (in Russian) species is the tubular shape of its zoa· NIKIFOROVA, A.1. (1933): Upper Paleozoic rium, I am of the opinion that the dif· Bryozoa from the Djulfa region· Trans. ference of the zoarial forms in the fene· United Ceol. Prospect. Servo USSR, Fasc. stellid bryozoans is not so important for 364, p. 1-44, pis. 1-6. specific identification. On the other hand, RuzHE~TsEv, V.E. and SARYCHEVA, T.G. it is considered that the existence of the (ed.) (1965): The development and very prominent capillary canals is more change of marine organisms at the important characteristic. Palaeozoic·Mesozoic boundary. Trudy Paleont. Inst., Akad. Nayk USSR, tom 108, The present species was reported by p. 1-431, pis. I-LVIII. (in Russian) (This MOROZOVA (in R. & S., 1965) without monograph has been translated by Prof. description from the Gnishik horizon of D. A. BROWN: Ceol. Dept., Australian Nat. Armenian Dzhulfa, Trans·Caucasia. Univ., Publ. no. 117, 1968) Specimen No.:-TS-204. S_-\IC-\GA~lJ, S. (1973): Some Permian Bryozoa from Pahang, Malaya. Contr. Geo!. Repository:-All of the specimens Palaeont. SE. Asia, CXVII. Ceol. Palaeont. treated in the present paper are preserved SE. Asia, vol. XII, p. 63-73, pis. VII-IX. in the collection of the Department of YANG, K. C. (1958): Stenoporidae from Upper Geology, Faculty of Education, Ehime Palaeozoic of China. Acta Palaeont. Sinica, University, Matsuyama. vol. 6, no. 2, p. 122-139, pis. I-V. 406 PROCEEDINGS OF THE PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 13 *i!1~t!ffo~:Mr, 117 @l17U~fi, 1976 if 6 }j 27 l'pW *~ ~BL.ljf lJ' G Amussiopecten ilo111i- El (13) v:.J.t~*~*1::1tHH~'ilf,vU"l'-COOilli~n ensis O)£l±lV:.'0I,,-C ...... ··± [li- tc. (~~~ 691")0 Deepsea molluscan fossils from the Shima jiri Group of Okinawa·jima, Okinawa ifif 71- ¥Ii i!r Prefecture, Japan (~W'C) ...... H. l\ODA Radular morphology and feeding habits of ~~~H~7~~!- ~~~K~~L-C •• Bedevina birileffi ...... S. MATSUKUl\IA ...... ~1f~HfI The shell structure of Archaeogastropoda of Japan ...... _ .S. SHIMOYAl\IA OOA~~ /, ~ f Y Jt1l:'1:O) B J1l1J~:ICU llt-t~mO)~# .. 7J 7 91··i¥HllIl:.£-t G Pseudoschwagerina I:' '0l' ...... ,}ilil.rG=f -C ...... ftB3~Iif, W. R. DANNER Early Devonian Conularia from the Hida Verbeekina O)7r.l:O)lilRttn:''0l'-C ("f~-R) ...... Massif, Central Japan ...... M. MURATA ...... ,~r.UI)~= Lower Devonian Brachiopods from the Discovery of the primitive colaniellid fauna Fukuii Formation ...... T. 01-11\0 from·the Karabagh member of Salt Range, ~tifif~ fJl1JJlll>J,:ijZIIlJ ftj!fO) Sllli* ::fiW<:. 7'/ / Pakistan ...... Y. OKIMURA -;I ~ '/" r '/1:' '0\' '-C ("f¥li) ...... IlftlM Jj; ~.*~~m.W~$Ulry~~~*O)~.tt =FlfdJtll~MI:.£1±l Ltc.BJC:~ll~, -to) 2 .... iffL!RW ...... 'lX*~H-' ± f,i- ...... f'~~*~ Middle Silurian Rugosa from the Kitakami New ferns from the early Lower Cretace Massif, Northeast Japan .... M. MURATA ous Oguchi Formation and its equivalent, Chaetetopsis crinata NEU~IAYR V:. '0l '-C er Central Honshu, Japan ...... ¥Ii) ...... r.U~~~ • it i.tt=f' m~IjJ]~ ...... T. KIMURA & S. SEKIDO Parastromatopora ~1:''0l'-C ("f*) . 'f~B3mf'~ ffl'!r!1!ll~M (i!1~=;f,) 0) Cycadocaulis hiondo· n*~.~M~~.~l~£Lk~'ilf,~~~M ensis E;-';DO 1:''0I,,-C ...... f'~~*~ >a:-~-t7 '/ -'C 71 r v:. '0\' '-C ...... Palynology of the Miocene formations · ...... :ijZ!Ilrq[,~· ft!!1f5L1if around the Bay of Yeongill, Korea .... *;j.Gsllli*£ Stoliczkaia v:. '0l '-C ...... K. TAKAHASHI & B. K. KIM · ...... -...... :t2*~~f!l;' 5tra,IJIltl1: ft::fi7 p - ~ O)film~1l.JJE ...... ~~u.tlmf!f, Cenomanian bivalves from the Mifune Several taxa of Cyanophyceae from the Group, Japan ...... M. TAl\IURA limestones of Sakari, Iwate Prefecture .. *~~=*£ Acesta (Plicacesta) 1:''0\''-C ...... C. OKAi\[CRA · ...... 1lftl*;fO~. <=J:1!!1fJ'Cu.t Differences between the genus Spirodela *~7;t -7, %v:.JU11'!{t::fiW;!:Rv:.'0\"-C (-t and algae ...... C. OKAMURA 0) 2) ...... 'J-:i'l:IllCil.ImH[l / 1m 1lli :It/!. 1m 1lli S ~ ~ $ ~ ~ -j;IJ S* 1977 1p r.t:~ . 1p~ **~$;*~ 1 9 7 7 1p 1 f:I 21, 22 S 1 9 7 6 1p 11 f:I 15 S !'jt! ~ ~c • o ~~ r1tEJ tJnj!tlj¢:$Hiii1lillH~llBtiiJ'I?EJ/$j-@lmltiy;::,3C~Lt..:o o 6f:126 Sy;::,JA~*~-r'D-t o 19751pl0 f:I 6 S v;::.r!lj::4ta~1iIf1E:l!I!f.-I:r~~~::tflli, S *:It/!.'l1l'~~tJ: I?m;::'*~~f&~O) {, c v;::.lm1lli~h t..: r/~O)r!lj::f~v;::.J;\g"t G './;/;t;::/ rJ.b-J O)~~~iJ:, r~0)~~f~J-i:S'1:J~~~:!t I -c L -Cflm~h t.::. (;Jtll.~1f 210) 0 ('./;/;t;::/ rJ .b-l!tJi;5A ii1Ii;JJiOi'Fj!j') o 8f:116 S~25 SY;::' Sydney -r'lmflli~htdi~25@] I GC y;::'fi, viJ:@liJ'1?60#<-i;0)$:.1JQ~iJ:;V,? t.::.o I G C, lUG S O)1§i:.&~tJ: I? Uv;::. I P A *E:~v;::'fi, *~J;\gi*~ c L -C fiil!2ill~1:, ~EB/li± 0) jjlfitiiJ:1±lJ16 Lt..:o @ I GCP 0) MCE ~t$~:!t~fi8f:129 S~9f:16 Sv;::.1TtJ:vh, @l7i-J: IJ 4-i;, @IF'3J: IJ 14-i;0) $:.1JQ~iJ:;V '? fio 1976 1p 10 f:I 12 S I'fJ ,IjliJ ~ rr ~ s * ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 9 76 1p 10 f:I 15 S 9B 1T Jt Jj{ /R ~ 1: 2-4-16 S*~:fl:$~-l::;/~-F'3 ISS~ 0031-0204 (~ fil' n 1M * Jj{ 84780 iIf) S *r!l1:!I'kJ~:fl:¥!H1i" *,c$ E8 ± tT m 103% ~p Mlij ~ * Jj{ ~ ** .~ /R :it: .:E: ~t 2 / 13 1,600Fl ~~r-r~IfI'fJ.IilUi*:t;:fl::tt 'llr EB ~ Transactions and Proceedings of the Palaeontological Society of Japan New Series No. 103 Oct. 15, 1976 CONTENTS TRANSACTIONS 663. KIMURA, Tatsuaki and SEKIDO, Shinji: Mesozoic plants from the Akaiwa Formation (Upper Neocomian), the Ito shiro Group, Central Honshu, Japan ...... 343 664. KOMURA, Seiichi: Sawamuraia, Katahiraia und Y oshidaia, drei neue Dia- tomgattungen aus dem Neogen Japans ...... 379 665. SAKAGAMI, Sumio: On the Permian Bryozoa from the northern part of Sainbeyli, Central Turkey ...... 398 PROCEEDINGS ...... 406