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F R ID a Y , JU N E 3 , 2 0 16 F-10 Thematic Poster Official Journal of the American College of Sports Medicine Vol. 48 No. 5 Supplement S621 F-10 Thematic Poster - Cardiovascular II 6.34 ±3.1 to 5.7 ±2.6 CAC/105 leucocytes: interaction P=0.02). The adhesive capacity of CACs to VSMCs was seen to increase by 70% following MOD but only 12 % Friday, June 3, 2016, 1:00 PM - 3:00 PM following HVY (P>0.05), this capacity persisted over 60 min in the MOD group (time Room: 104 x group interaction: P=0.05). CONCLUSION: In post-menopausal women HVY intensity interval training provided 2860 Chair: Rob Shave. Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, greater benefits for cardiorespiratory fitness. However, MOD intensity intervals United Kingdom. produced equivalent reductions in arterial stiffness and greater modulation of CAC function perceived as beneficial to endothelial integrity. Neither intensity was sufficient (No relationships reported) to produce significant changes in FMD. Varying the intensities used in interval exercise prescription may provide the most effective cardiovascular benefits in post-menopausal 2861 Board #1 June 3, 1:00 PM - 3:00 PM women. Manipulating The Exercise Intensity-duration Matrix Has A Profound Impact On Exercise-induced 2863 Board #3 June 3, 1:00 PM - 3:00 PM Functional And Biochemical Perturbations In The Exercise Training Effects on Elevated NOX-Dependent Human Heart. ROS and Microvascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Glenn Stewart1, Akira Yamada2, Luke J. Haseler, FACSM1, Obese Humans 1 3 4 Justin J. Kavanagh , Jonathan Chan , Gus Koerbin , Cameron Robert C. Hickner, FACSM, Gabriel S. Dubis, Huimin Yan, 5 1 1 Wood , Surendran Sabapathy . Griffith University, Gold Coast, Joseph White, Ethan J. Anderson, Justin D. La Favor. East 2 3 Australia. Fujita Health University, Nagoya, Japan. The Prince Carolina University, Greenville, NC. 4 Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia. University of Canberra, Email: [email protected] 5 Canberra, Australia. University of Canberra, Sydney, Australia. (No relationships reported) Email: [email protected] (No relationships reported) Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been causally linked to endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. The measurement of ROS in PURPOSE: Strenuous endurance exercise stimulates transient cardiac perturbations vivo in humans has been elusive due to the reactive and transient nature of ROS; with ambiguous health outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to alter the magnitude therefore, the changes in ROS production due to exercise training in humans are not and time-course of exercise-induced functional and biochemical cardiac perturbations well described. PURPOSE: To determine the effect of interval exercise training on by manipulating the exercise intensity-duration matrix. ROS production, nutritive blood flow and endothelial function in obese individuals. METHODS: Echocardiograph-derived left (LV) and right (RV) ventricular global METHODS: Young, sedentary men and women age 20-40 years were divided into lean longitudinal strain (GLS), and serum high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTnI) (BMI 18-25 kg/m2; n = 14), intermediate (BMI 28-32.5 kg/m2; n = 13), and obese concentration, were examined in 10 males (Age: 27 ± 4 yr; VO2peak: 4.0 ± (BMI 33-40 kg/m2; n = 15) groups. A novel microdialysis technique was utilized to 0.8L•min-1) before, throughout (50-, 75- & 100-%), and during recovery (1-, 3-, 6- & monitor ROS and nutritive blood flow in the vastus lateralis before and after 8 weeks 24-h) from two exercise trials. The two exercise trials consisted of cycling for either of an interval training intervention. Subjects performed a 10-minute warm-up at ~60% 90-min above, or 120-min within, the moderate-intensity exercise domain to complete heart rate maximum (HRmax), followed by four 4-minute intervals at 88-92% HRmax an equivalent total mechanical work. interspersed by 3-minute active recovery periods at ~70% HRmax, with a subsequent RESULTS: LVGLS decreased (p&lt0.01) during the 90-min trial only, with reductions 4-minute cool down at ~60% HRmax. Total exercise time was 42 minutes per session peaking at 1-h post (pre: -19.9 ± 0.6; 1-h post: -18.5 ± 0.7%) and persisting for >24-h performed 3 days/week. RESULTS: There were 2.5-fold and 3-fold elevations in into recovery. RVGLS decreased (p&lt0.05) during both exercise trials with reductions muscle interstitial hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide (markers of ROS), in the 90-min trial peaking at 1-h post (pre: -27.5 ± 0.7%; 1-h post: -25.1 ± 0.8%) and respectively (P<0.001), and a 65% reduction in acetylcholine-stimulated blood flow persisting for >24-h into recovery. Serum hs-cTnI increased (p&lt0.01) during both (P<0.05) in obese compared to both lean and intermediate subjects before training. exercise trials with concentrations peaking at 3-h post, but only exceeding cardio- Perfusion of the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin normalized H2O2 and superoxide healthy reference limits (14ng/L) in the 90-min trial (pre: 4.2 ± 2.4ng/L; 3-h post: 25.1 levels and reversed microvascular endothelial dysfunction in the obese. Following ± 7.9ng/L). exercise training, H2O2 was 50% lower than pre-training, and microvascular CONCLUSIONS: Exercise-induced reductions in ventricular strain and increases in endothelial function (acetylcholine-stimulated flow) was increased 2.7-fold compared cardiac injury markers persist for 24 hours following exercise that is typical of day- to pre-training in the obese subjects (P<0.05). No alterations with training were to-day endurance exercise training; however, the magnitude and time-course of this observed in the lean and intermediate groups. CONCLUSIONS: NADPH oxidase is a response can be altered by manipulating the intensity-duration matrix. likely source of excessive ROS production that is linked to microvascular endothelial dysfunction in skeletal muscle of obese individuals. However, aerobic exercise training 2862 Board #2 June 3, 1:00 PM - 3:00 PM is an effective strategy for counteracting excessive ROS and associated endothelial Moderate Versus Heavy Intensity Interval Training dysfunction. Supported by NIH R15HL113854-01A1 For Vascular Health In Post-menopausal Women: A Paradox! 2864 Board #4 June 3, 1:00 PM - 3:00 PM Karen M. Birch, Emma Harris, Gurpreet Birk, Gemma Lyall, Nitrite Enhances Microvascular Oxygen Pressure Kirsten Riches, Carrie Ferguson, Karen E. Porter. University of Dynamics in Healthy Rat Skeletal Muscle Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom. (Sponsor: Prof Keith George, FACSM) Trenton D. Colburn, Scott K. Ferguson, Clark T. Holdsworth, Email: [email protected] Timothy I. Musch, FACSM, David C. Poole, FACSM. Kansas (No relationships reported) State University, Manhattan, KS. (Sponsor: David C. Poole, FACSM) PURPOSE: Whilst the menopause has been associated with a decline in vascular Email: [email protected] (No relationships reported) function, sedentary postmenopausal women report a dislike of heavy intensity exercise. JUNE 3, 2016 FRIDAY, This study aimed to compare the impact of moderate (MOD) versus heavy (HVY) intensity interval exercise training upon vascular function and endothelial integrity. Exercise intolerance characteristic of diseases such as chronic heart failure and METHODS: 27 sedentary post-menopausal women completed either MOD (90% diabetes is associated with the reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability from nitric lactate threshold (LT) 10:10 s duty cycle) or HVY (120% LT 30:30 s duty cycle) oxide synthase (NOS); resulting in an impaired O2 driving pressure (PO2mv: O2 - interval exercise training twice per week for 12 weeks. Endothelial function (FMD), delivery – O2 utilization) and impaired metabolic control. Nitrite (NO2 ) augments peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), LT, circulating angiogenic cell number (FACS) and NO bioavailability independent of the NOS pathway. The potent NO donor sodium adhesive capacity to cultured saphenous vein vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) nitroprusside augments NO bioavailability, yet decreases arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded prior to and following training. Group and time differences were reducing its efficacy especially for patient populations.PURPOSE : To determine - assessed via two-way mixed mode ANOVA. the microvascular effects of local NO2 administration (further reduced to NO) at rest - RESULTS: VO2peak and LT increased in HVY only (VO2peak: MOD: 29.97 ±5.5 to and during muscle contractions. It was hypothesized that local NO2 administration 29.65 ± 5.4; HVY: 30.18 ±5.3 to 32.25 ±6.5 ml/kg/min; interaction P=0.02; LT: MOD: would elevate resting PO2mv and slow PO2mv kinetics (increased τ: time constant, 1.13 ±0.19 to 1.11 ±0.18; HVY 1.09 ±0.15 to 1.22 ±0.17 L/min; interaction P=0.005). MRT: mean response time) at the onset of muscle contractions. Both effects would FMD (group mean: 4.7 ±2.4 %), brachial diameter (group mean: 3.7 ±0.3 mm) and act to enhance blood-myocyte O2 flux and raise intramyocyte PO2. METHODS: In blood pressure were unaffected by training (P>0.05), whilst peripheral arterial stiffness 12 anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats, PO2mv of the circulation-intact spinotrapezius decreased post training in both groups (-0.58 a.u). [CD34+CD45dim] increased after muscle was measured during 180 s of electrically induced twitch contractions (1 Hz) -1 - MOD but not after HVY intensity interval training (MOD: 5.3 ±3.8 to 8.9 ±6.3; HVY: before and after superfusion of NaNO2 (15 mg kg ). RESULTS: NO2 superfusion Abstracts were prepared by the authors and printed as submitted. ® S622 Vol. 48 No. 5 Supplement MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE - elevated resting PO2mv (CON: 28.4 ± 1.1 vs NO2 : 31.6 ± 1.2 mmHg, P ≤ 0.05), τ RESULTS: In both YNG and OLD, the highest % increase in blood pressure from - (CON: 12.3 ± 1.2 vs NO2 : 19.7 ± 2.2 s, P ≤ 0.05) and MRT (CON: 19.3 ± 1.9 vs rest occurred at 100 mm Hg (SBP=40±3 and 38±4 %; DBP=27±3 and 22±4 %; - NO2 : 25.6 ± 3.3 s, P ≤ 0.05).
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