DOCSLIB.ORG

I VALIDITY and RELIABILITY of HUMAC360 to MEASURE

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
I VALIDITY and RELIABILITY of HUMAC360 to MEASURE VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF HUMAC360 TO MEASURE VELOCITY DURING BACK SQUAT AND BENCH PRESS A thesis submitted to the Kent State University College of Education, Health, and Human Services in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science By Modesto A. Lebron May 2021 i © Copyright, 2021 by Modesto A. Lebron All Rights Reserved ii Thesis written by Modesto A. Lebron B.S., Kent State University, 2019 Approved by , Director, Master’s Thesis Committee Adam R. Jajtner , Member, Master’s Thesis Committee Jacob E. Barkley , Member, Master’s Thesis Committee J. Derek Kingsley Accepted by , Director, School of Health Sciences Ellen L. Glickman , Dean, College of Education, Health and Human James C. Hannon Services iii LEBRON, MODESTO A., M.S., 2021 Health and Human Services VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF HUMAC360 TO MEASURE VELOCITY DURING BACK SQUAT AND BENCH PRESS (97 pp.) Director of Thesis: Adam R. Jajtner, Ph.D. The purpose of this investigation will be to assess the validity and reliability of the HUMAC360 and its ability to measure velocity during submaximal loads for the barbell back squat and bench press. Twenty healthy men and women will be asked to report laboratory on three separate occasions, with at least 48 hours separating each visit. During Visit 1, anthropometrics will be obtained followed by a one-repetition maximum assessment for both the barbell back squat and bench press. During Visit 2 and Visit 3, participants will be asked to complete two sets of three repetitions for relative loads of 30, 50, 60 and 70% of their previously determined 1-RM, for the purpose of assessing velocity. To assess validity of the HUMAC 360, dependent T-tests will be used in comparison to the criterion Tendo unit. Additionally, relationships between these variables will be assessed by Pearson product- moment correlation. To assess reliability of the HUMAC360, dependent T-tests will be used to compare velocity data at each submaximal load from Visits 2 and 3. Additionally, test-retest reliability will be assessed using intraclass coefficients (ICC’s 3,1). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank Dr. Adam Jajtner for his help and mentorship throughout this project. I would also like to thank my colleagues, friends, and family for their consistent support. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................iv CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 1 Specific Aims ...................................................................................................................... 3 II. LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................... 5 Velocity-Based Training ..................................................................................................... 5 Velocity-Based Training Summery ............................................................................... 14 Load-Velocity Relationship .............................................................................................. 15 Load-Velocity Relationship Summery .......................................................................... 20 Velocity Assessment Tools ............................................................................................... 21 Velocity Assessment Tools Summery .......................................................................... 30 III. METHODS ................................................................................................................. 32 Experimental Approach .................................................................................................... 32 Participants ........................................................................................................................ 34 Procedures ......................................................................................................................... 34 1-Repetition Maximum Assessment ............................................................................. 34 Velocity Assessment ..................................................................................................... 35 Statistical Analysis ........................................................................................................ 37 IV. FUTURE STUDY BACKGROUND ......................................................................... 38 Rationale ........................................................................................................................... 38 Specific Aims .................................................................................................................... 41 V. FUTURE STUDY METHODS ................................................................................... 44 Participants ........................................................................................................................ 44 Sample Size Estimates .................................................................................................. 44 Experimental Approach .................................................................................................... 45 Procedures ......................................................................................................................... 48 Anthropometric Measures ............................................................................................. 48 1-Repetition Maximum Assessment ............................................................................. 48 Velocity Assessment ..................................................................................................... 49 Velocity Curve Analysis ............................................................................................... 50 Statistical Analysis ........................................................................................................ 51 Potential Limitations and Contingencies .......................................................................... 51 Potential Limitations ..................................................................................................... 51 v Contingencies ................................................................................................................ 52 APPENDICES .................................................................................................................. 54 APPENDIX A. FUTURE STUDY ABSTRACT ......................................................... 55 APPENDIX B. KENT STATE APPROVED IRB........................................................ 58 APPENDIX C. INFORMED CONSENT ..................................................................... 76 APPENDIX D. MEDICAL HEALTH HISTORY QUESTIONNAIRE ...................... 82 APPENDIX E. RECRUITMENT FLYER.................................................................... 87 APPENDIX F. RECRUITMENT SCRIPT ................................................................... 89 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................. 91 vi 1 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Resistance training is as an exercise method that is commonly employed to provide improvements in hypertrophy, maximal strength, and muscular power. Traditionally, load may be dictated as a percent of an individual’s one-repetition maximum (1-RM), known as percent- based training (PBT (Orange et al., 2020). Prior researchers have established that specific submaximal loads may correlate to a total number of repetitions completed before failure (Mayhew et al., 1992). Although this method has been shown to improve strength and hypertrophy (Baker, Wilson, and Carlyon, 1994), PBT fails to allow for autoregulation. Autoregulation is defined as the ability to increase or decrease load, with respect to performance within a specific training session. This may be necessary, as performance may vary between training sessions due to a variety of influences (Dankel et al., 2017, Leveritt & Abernethy, 1999, Reilly & Piercy, 1994, Mann et al., 2016)), potentially requiring alteration of training load beyond the pre-prescribed intensity. Traditional autoregulation methods include rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and repetitions in reserve (RIR) (Shattock and Tee, 2020), however, there is an increasing popularity in velocity-based training (VBT). Velocity-based training is an autoregulation method that uses movement velocity to dictate intensity (Dorrell et al., 2020). Various velocity measurements have been demonstrated to have a strong relationship (r2 ≥ 0.96) with relative loads (%1-RM), including mean velocity (MV) (Pestana-Melero et al., 2018), mean propulsive velocity (MPV) (Gonzalez-Badillo & Sanchez-Medina, 2010, Loturco et al., 2017), and mean concentric velocity (MCV) (Pestana- Melero et al., 2018). As a result, utilizing movement velocity allows for an accurate estimation 2 of %1-RM, as well as maximal strength, as measured through 1-RM (Jidovtseff et al., 2011). Therefore, velocity measurements may be used to detect fluctuations in maximal strength within and between training sessions (Dorrell et al, 2020, Orange et al., 2020). Gonzalez-Badillo and Sanchez-Medina (2010) observed that a significant increase in maximal strength did not alter MPV at specific %1-RM, indicating each %1-RM has a specific movement velocity range. As previously stated, velocity at specific
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Periodization and Exercise Selection
    RESISTANCE TRAINING Workout Options and Program Periodization BASIC RULES FOR EXERCISE SELECTION AND ORGANIZATION: When selecting exercises for a particular muscle group, one must consider a number of factors to ensure the safety of the musculature and joints involved in the movement, to attain the temporary failure condition for the muscles involved to promote continued progress and to ensure activation of the desired muscle groups. These rules include: A. Exercises for problem muscle groups should be performed at the beginning of the workout to prevent their omission from the workout. This organization also allows the weight trainer to address these exercises with the greatest amount of energy available. This should help to maximize one’s efforts and, ultimately, one’s progress. B. Exercises for large muscle groups should always be addressed before those for small muscle groups. Ex.: pectorals, and depending upon the specific exercise selected, shoulders before triceps; latissimus dorsi and trapezius before biceps, quadriceps before gastrocnemius (calves). C. Multiple-joint exercises should always be performed before isolation exercises. Multiple-joint exercises involve the large muscle groups of the body, i.e. the pectorals, latissimus dorsi, trapezius, quadriceps (when assisted by the gluteal and/or hip flexor groups), hamstrings and the deltoids. These exercises typically have a “last name” of: press, pull, row, squat or lunge. Single-joint exercises utilize only one joint and usually involve such muscle groups as the deltoids (with no assistance from the triceps), the triceps, biceps, the quadriceps or hamstrings (when not assisted by the gluteal or hip flexor groups). These exercises typically have a “last name” of: extension, curl, flye, raise, pressdown or pulldown.
    [Show full text]
  • Supramaximal Eccentric Training for Alpine Ski Racing—Strength Training with the Lifter
    applied sciences Commentary Supramaximal Eccentric Training for Alpine Ski Racing—Strength Training with the Lifter Carson Patterson * and Christian Raschner Olympiazentrum, Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 27 October 2020; Accepted: 7 December 2020; Published: 10 December 2020 Featured Application: The Intelligent Motion Lifter is a new mechatronic strength training device that allows safe and effective strength training with supramaximal loads. Abstract: Eccentric muscular work plays a large role in alpine ski racing. Training with supramaximal eccentric loads (SME) is highly effective to improve eccentric strength but potentially dangerous. Most SME training devices do not allow the athlete to move a barbell freely as they would when performing conventional barbell training. The Intelligent Motion Lifter (IML) allows for safe SME training with a free barbell and no spotters. The IML can be used for free barbell training: a spotter for normal training, eccentric only, concentric only, and squat jumps. It is also a training and testing device for isokinetic and isometric exercise. This commentary addresses the necessity of eccentric training for elite alpine ski racers, the development of the IML and its use in training. Keywords: eccentric; alpine ski racing; strength training; supramaximal loads; athlete safety 1. Eccentric Exercise in Alpine Ski Racing Scientific analysis of world class Swedish alpine ski racers in the 1990s [1,2] showed that eccentric muscular work predominated over concentric work in the disciplines of slalom, giant slalom and super G. More current work with elite Swiss racers corroborated this [3–5], with Vogt and Hoppeler stating that alpine skiing is “the only sport activity dominated by eccentric muscle activity” [5].
    [Show full text]
  • The Biomedical Basis of Elite Performance 19-21 March 2012 London, UK
    The Biomedical Basis of Elite Performance 19-21 March 2012 London, UK Abstracts & Manuscripts Physiology 2012 2-5 July Edinburgh International Conference Centre United Kingdom Key dates Submit your abstracts by 31 March 2012 Apply for a travel grant by 31 May 2012 Prize lecturers Cori Bargmann - Rockefeller University, New York, USA Gareth Leng - University of Edinburgh, UK Diane Lipscombe - Brown University, Providence, USA Jere Mitchell - UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA Peter Ratcliffe - University of Oxford, UK Holly Shiels - University of Manchester, UK www.physiology2012.org Contents Plenary Lecture abstracts 5 Symposium abstracts 9 Oral & Poster Communication abstracts 35 Abstract author index 144 Symposium speakers’ manuscripts 149 About the BPS With almost 3000 members, the British Pharmacological Society (BPS) is the primary learned society in the UK concerned with research into drugs and the way they work. Its members teach and carry out research in higher education, the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries, hospitals, and health services. Many members play a key role in teaching medical students the principles of pharmacology, which underpin safe and effective prescribing in the NHS. Others are responsible for the clinical trials that translate new medicines from molecule to society. Join us Benefits If you are interested in networking with our members • free attendance to BPS scientific meetings including the and strengthening our community, you should identify Winter Meeting held in London in December which of the individual categories you are eligible to apply for: • enjoy access to the full online versions of the British Journal of Pharmacology and British Journal of Member Clinical Pharmacology For Pharmacologists and Clinical Pharmacologists.
    [Show full text]
  • Body-Solid-Commercial-Strength.Pdf
    COMMERCIAL Markets Served: Parks and Recreation Corporate Facilities High Schools Police Stations Fire Departments Rehab and Medical YMCA/JCC Community Centers Multi-Housing Fitness Centers Military/Government Universities/Colleges Hotels and Spas Sports Teams Personal Training Studios WWW.BODYSOLIDCOMMERCIAL.COM The constant evolution of commercial fitness presents challenges to every fitness equipment manufacturer. Body-Solid rises to the challenge with uncompromising innovation and dedication to quality and durability. For nearly a quarter of a century we have been committed to superior products and an unparalleled dedication to www.bodysolidcommercial.com the best sales and customer service in the industry. Your 800-833-1227 satisfaction is our top priority and will continue to be over the next quarter of a century. MARKETS SERVED: Parks and Recreation Corporate Facilities High Schools Police Stations Fire Departments Rehab and Medical YMCA/JCC/ Community Centers Multi-Housing Fitness Centers Military/Government Universities/Colleges 1000s of Products. Perfect for any facility. Hotels and Spas Sports Teams Personal Training Studios Pro•Dual Dual Function Stations .....................4 BodySolidCommercial COM Modular Gym Systems ...................14 ProClub Line • Plan your facility's needs and get quotes online Series II ..........................................19 • Design your space with our interactive room planner Free Weight Equipment .................. 25 • Browse by product brand or type Leverage Machines ........................29
    [Show full text]
  • IRONMAN Magazine's Bodybuilding Success Blueprint the Big Three
    Only The Strong Shall Survive TheThe BigBig Keep It Simple to Build Your Temple by Bill Starr Photography by Michael Neveux Bench Presses uring the past year I’ve received a pile of requests from 1 IRON MAN read- ers and friends to look over their 3 programs. They’re 3 all stuck and want some advice DDon how to move forward again. Model: David Yeung In every instance I find the same problem—they’re trying to do far too much, either for their current strength level, their age or both. I look over a list of exercises 2 that would make top competitive weightlifters and bodybuilders cringe. Model: Chris Cook Model: Greg Blount Squats 154 APRIL 2005 \ www.ironmanmagazine.com Power Cleans www.ironmanmagazine.com \ APRIL 2005 155 CLICK HERE TO SUBSCRIBE Only The Strong Shall Survive 1 Concentration Curls Chins 2 When a program includes However, there are a few good a dozen or so exercises, you ancillary exercises you can 3 end up spreading your en- add to The Big Three program ergy too thin. without sacrificing your gains. Model: Tamer Elshahat Model: Tamer Model: Eric Domer Even so, when I suggest that they recover from it. That’s due to the should eliminate at least half of fact that over an extended period of wondering, What is a beginner to the exercises, they insist that they diligent training they’ve established think? Most likely that the authors need to do them all if they want a a wide, firm foundation of strength. are experts and know what they’re complete full-body workout.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparison of Muscle Force Production Using the Smith Machine and Free Weights for Bench Press and Squat Exercises
    Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2005, 19(1), 169–176 ᭧ 2005 National Strength & Conditioning Association COMPARISON OF MUSCLE FORCE PRODUCTION USING THE SMITH MACHINE AND FREE WEIGHTS FOR BENCH PRESS AND SQUAT EXERCISES MICHAEL L. COTTERMAN,1 LYNN A. DARBY,2 AND WILLIAM A. SKELLY3 1Department of Athletics, Drake University, Des Moines, Iowa 50311; 2Kinesiology Division, School of Human Movement, Sport, and Leisure Studies, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403; 3HPERC Department, University of Wisconsin—Whitewater, Whitewater, Wisconsin 53190. ABSTRACT. Cotterman, M.L., L.A. Darby, and W.A. Skelly. Com- exercises (3). Free-form exercises allow for movement in parison of muscle force production using the Smith machine and multiple planes and require balance. Fixed-form exercises free weights for bench press and squat exercises. J. Strength maintain the pattern movement over a range of motion Cond. Res. 19(1):169–176. 2005.—The Smith machine (SM) (ver- (3). A machine exercise may replace a FW exercise or vice tical motion of bar on fixed path; fixed-form exercise) and free weights (FWs) (free-form path) are commonly used strength versa. Substitutions may occur based on testing require- training modes. Exercisers may need to alternate between types ments, training needs, rehabilitation, or the ability of the of equipment, depending on testing, training, rehabilitation, lifter. Equating workloads between modes may be rather and/or the exercisers’ goals. The purposes of this study were to difficult and sometimes impossible to achieve (33). For compare muscle force production for SM and FWs using a 1 rep- this reason, the relationship between similar exercises etition maximum (1RM) for the parallel back squat and supine performed on different types of equipment must be ex- bench press exercises and to predict the 1RM for one mode from amined and a method for determining equivalent work- 1RM on the other mode.
    [Show full text]
  • Jones Machine/Maxrack Vs. Smith Machine: History, Definitions and Efficacy Overview
    Please do not remove this page Jones machine/Maxrack vs. Smith machine: history, definitions and efficacy overview Wolkodoff, Neil; Eichenberger, Felipe https://research.usc.edu.au/discovery/delivery/61USC_INST:ResearchRepository/12126532650002621?l#13126917700002621 Wolkodoff, N., & Eichenberger, F. (2016). Jones machine/Maxrack vs. Smith machine: history, definitions and efficacy overview. Journal of Fitness Research, 5(3), 3–14. https://research.usc.edu.au/discovery/fulldisplay/alma99450606402621/61USC_INST:ResearchRepository Document Type: Published Version USC Research Bank: https://research.usc.edu.au [email protected] Copyright © 2016 Australian Institute of Fitness. Reproduced with permission of the publisher. Downloaded On 2021/09/26 20:53:10 +1000 Please do not remove this page INDUSTRY EDUCATION 165,:4(*/05,4(?9(*2=::40;/ 4(*/05,!/0:;69@+,-050;065:(5+ ,--0*(*@6=,9=0,> 5LPS>VSRVKVɈ1, Felipe Eichenberger 2 1 Colorado Center for Health & Sport Science 2 +LU]LY5\NNL[Z)HZRL[IHSS;LHT5)( *VYYLZWVUKPUN(\[OVY!5LPS>VSRVKVɈ *VSVYHKV*LU[LYMVY/LHS[O :WVY[:JPLUJL+LU]LY*VSVYHKV ,THPS!ULPS'JVJOZZJVT;LSLWOVUL! ABSTRACT 0U[YVK\J[PVU!;OL:TP[O4HJOPULOHZILLUHWVW\SHYHS[LYUH[P]L[VMYLLIHYL_LYJPZLZILJH\ZLVMWLYJLP]LK ZHML[`HK]HU[HNLZ>P[O[OLHK]LU[VM[OL1VULZ4HJOPUL4H_9HJRP[PZZ[PSSH]PHISLHS[LYUH[P]L[VMYLL ^LPNO[[YHPUPUN&+VLZ[OL1VULZ4HJOPUL4H_9HJROH]LHIL[[LYJVTIPUH[PVUVMMYLL^LPNO[YLZ\S[Z combined with enhanced safety? History:;OL:TP[O4HJOPUL^P[OHÄ_LK]LY[PJHSTV[PVU^HZWPVULLYLKPU[OLSH[L ZHUK^HZHKVW[LK PUYLZWVUZL[VPUJYLHZLKPU[LYLZ[PUYLZPZ[HUJL[YHPUPUN^OPSL[OL1VULZ4HJOPUL4H_9HJR^LYLPU]LU[LKPU combination to the path options of a free bar combined with safety consideration. Bar Path Comparison: ;OLILUJOWYLZZKLHKSPM[HUKWV^LYJSLHUHYLL_LYJPZLZ[OH[KVUV[OH]LH JVTWSL[LS`SPULHYWH[O;OLZX\H[PUWLYMVYTHUJLPZPKLHSS`SPULHY`L[UV[PUSLHYUPUN[OLL_LYJPZL;OL:TP[O Machine does not allow the bar path used in major free weight exercises.
    [Show full text]
  • F R ID a Y , JU N E 3 , 2 0 16 F-10 Thematic Poster
    Official Journal of the American College of Sports Medicine Vol. 48 No. 5 Supplement S621 F-10 Thematic Poster - Cardiovascular II 6.34 ±3.1 to 5.7 ±2.6 CAC/105 leucocytes: interaction P=0.02). The adhesive capacity of CACs to VSMCs was seen to increase by 70% following MOD but only 12 % Friday, June 3, 2016, 1:00 PM - 3:00 PM following HVY (P>0.05), this capacity persisted over 60 min in the MOD group (time Room: 104 x group interaction: P=0.05). CONCLUSION: In post-menopausal women HVY intensity interval training provided 2860 Chair: Rob Shave. Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, greater benefits for cardiorespiratory fitness. However, MOD intensity intervals United Kingdom. produced equivalent reductions in arterial stiffness and greater modulation of CAC function perceived as beneficial to endothelial integrity. Neither intensity was sufficient (No relationships reported) to produce significant changes in FMD. Varying the intensities used in interval exercise prescription may provide the most effective cardiovascular benefits in post-menopausal 2861 Board #1 June 3, 1:00 PM - 3:00 PM women. Manipulating The Exercise Intensity-duration Matrix Has A Profound Impact On Exercise-induced 2863 Board #3 June 3, 1:00 PM - 3:00 PM Functional And Biochemical Perturbations In The Exercise Training Effects on Elevated NOX-Dependent Human Heart. ROS and Microvascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Glenn Stewart1, Akira Yamada2, Luke J. Haseler, FACSM1, Obese Humans 1 3 4 Justin J. Kavanagh , Jonathan Chan , Gus Koerbin , Cameron Robert C. Hickner, FACSM, Gabriel S. Dubis, Huimin Yan, 5 1 1 Wood , Surendran Sabapathy .
    [Show full text]
  • Approaches to Teaching in Kinesiology
    California State University, San Bernardino CSUSB ScholarWorks Q2S Enhancing Pedagogy Winter 2-15-2020 Approaches to Teaching in Kinesiology Cameron Van Wye [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/q2sep Recommended Citation Van Wye, Cameron, "Approaches to Teaching in Kinesiology" (2020). Q2S Enhancing Pedagogy. 94. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/q2sep/94 This Course Outline / Syllabus is brought to you for free and open access by CSUSB ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Q2S Enhancing Pedagogy by an authorized administrator of CSUSB ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. California State University, San Bernardino Department of Kinesiology, College of Natural Sciences Kine 3250 Exercise Techniques for Resistance Training (Semester) Example Fall 2020 (Date & Time) Example Tuesday/Thursday 10:00 - 11:50 a.m. (Location) Room: Instructor: Office Location: Email: Available Hours: Course Description: This course provides practical experiences in resistance exercise and spotting techniques. Emphasis is placed on free-weight exercises, such as squatting and Olympic lifting. Students will also learn how to properly set-up and perform machine-based exercises. Catalogue Description: The students will explore a variety of exercises relating to the development of muscular strength, endurance, and power using a variety of equipment, including free weights and resistance machines. Emphasis on the practical and appropriate application, instruction, and supervision of resistance exercise lifting and spotting techniques to accommodate a variety of clients and patients. Content is consistent with skills necessary to prepare students as health and fitness professionals by the American College of Sports Medicine, National Strength and Conditioning Association, and the United States Registry of Exercise Professionals.
    [Show full text]
  • Physical Activity in the Lwes of Adults with Cerebral
    PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN THE LWES OF ADULTS WITH CEREBRAL PALSY CADEYRN JAMES GASKHNJ SUBMITTED TO SATISFY THE REQUHIEMENT FOR THE DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY BY RESEARCH SCHOOL OF HUMAN MOVEMENT, RECREATION AND PERFORMANCE FACULTY OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT VICTORIA UNFV^ERSITY JULY 2005 FTS THESIS 613.710873 GAS 30001008600001 Gaskin, Cadeyrn James Physical activity in the lives of adults with cerebral palsy 11 STUDENT DECLARATION "I, Cadeym James Gaskin, declare that the PhD thesis entitled Physical Activity in the Lives of Adults with Cerebral Palsy is 111,160 words in length, exclusive of tables, appendices, and references. This thesis contains no material that has been submitted previously, in whole or in part, for the award of any other academic degree or diploma. Except where otherwise indicated, this thesis is my own work." Signature Date Ill ABSTRACT The aim of this thesis was to investigate physical activity and psychosocial functioning in adults with cerebral palsy. Four studies were conducted that incorporated a description of the relationship between these variables (Study 1) and an in-depth exploration of physical activity and psychosocial fiinctiorung in the lives of six adults with the condition (Studies 2, 3, 4). In Study 1, adults with cerebral palsy (A^= 51) completed questionnaires that included measures of physical activity, health-related quality of life (HRQL), mood states, physical self- efficacy, and social support. Although most participants (70.6%) reported that they were involved in exercise, many of the activities they performed seemed to be of low intensity, even for adults with severe cerebral palsy (e.g., hand exercises for weak hands, massage, stretching).
    [Show full text]
  • To See Independent Study
    INDUSTRY EDUCATION 165,:4(*/05,4(?9(*2=::40;/ 4(*/05,!/0:;69@+,-050;065:(5+ ,--0*(*@6=,9=0,> 5LPS>VSRVKVɈ1, Felipe Eichenberger 2 1 Colorado Center for Health & Sport Science 2 +LU]LY5\NNL[Z)HZRL[IHSS;LHT5)( *VYYLZWVUKPUN(\[OVY!5LPS>VSRVKVɈ *VSVYHKV*LU[LYMVY/LHS[O :WVY[:JPLUJL+LU]LY*VSVYHKV ,THPS!ULPS'JVJOZZJVT;LSLWOVUL! ABSTRACT 0U[YVK\J[PVU!;OL:TP[O4HJOPULOHZILLUHWVW\SHYHS[LYUH[P]L[VMYLLIHYL_LYJPZLZILJH\ZLVMWLYJLP]LK ZHML[`HK]HU[HNLZ>P[O[OLHK]LU[VM[OL1VULZ4HJOPUL4H_9HJRP[PZZ[PSSH]PHISLHS[LYUH[P]L[VMYLL ^LPNO[[YHPUPUN&+VLZ[OL1VULZ4HJOPUL4H_9HJROH]LHIL[[LYJVTIPUH[PVUVMMYLL^LPNO[YLZ\S[Z combined with enhanced safety? History:;OL:TP[O4HJOPUL^P[OHÄ_LK]LY[PJHSTV[PVU^HZWPVULLYLKPU[OLSH[L ZHUK^HZHKVW[LK PUYLZWVUZL[VPUJYLHZLKPU[LYLZ[PUYLZPZ[HUJL[YHPUPUN^OPSL[OL1VULZ4HJOPUL4H_9HJR^LYLPU]LU[LKPU combination to the path options of a free bar combined with safety consideration. Bar Path Comparison: ;OLILUJOWYLZZKLHKSPM[HUKWV^LYJSLHUHYLL_LYJPZLZ[OH[KVUV[OH]LH JVTWSL[LS`SPULHYWH[O;OLZX\H[PUWLYMVYTHUJLPZPKLHSS`SPULHY`L[UV[PUSLHYUPUN[OLL_LYJPZL;OL:TP[O Machine does not allow the bar path used in major free weight exercises. Strength Testing:)LJH\ZLVMPUOLYLU[MYPJ[PVUHUKIHYWH[OSPTP[H[PVUZ[OL\ZLVMH:TP[O4HJOPULPU[LZ[PUN MVYMYLL^LPNO[IHZLKZ[YLUN[ONHPUZPZUV[]HSPK Conclusions:;OL:TP[O4HJOPULKVLZUV[TH[JO[OLMYLLIHYWH[OVM[OLTHQVYL_LYJPZLZ^OPSL[OL1VULZ 4HJOPUL4H_9HJRHSSV^L_LYJPZLZWLJPÄJHUKPUKP]PK\HSIHYWH[O]HYPH[PVUZHUKTH[JOPUN 2L`>VYKZ!:TP[O4HJOPUL"1VULZ4HJOPUL"4H_9HJR":[YLUN[O"7V^LY";LZ[PUN"-YLL>LPNO[":X\H[" )LUJO7YLZZ *VUÅPJ[VM0U[LYLZ[!;OPZWHWLY^HZWYVK\JLKI`[OLH\[OVYZHUKUVL_[LYUHSÄUHUJPHSZ\WWVY[ZV\NO[ MYVTNYHU[ZVYV[OLYM\UKPUN;OLH\[OVYZOH]LUVÄUHUJPHSPU[LYLZ[PUWYVK\J[LUKVYZLTLU[MYVTHU`VM[OL products cited in the paper.
    [Show full text]
  • Altering Barbell Kinetics to Enhance Strength-Power Training by Dr
    1 Altering barbell kinetics to enhance strength-power training By Dr. Daniel Baker, Strength Coach Brisbane Broncos, Level 3 Strength Coach, ASCA Master of Strength & Conditioning At the Broncos we pursue strength and power. In a typical weekly cycle where movement-oriented training is performed twice per week for the upper- and lower-body, we have one training day that is aimed at developing strength and the other training day is the explosive power training day ~ however these days are not mutually exclusive in terms of content. We have been doing this for 12 years, since I started at the Broncos in 1995. Lately this approach has become popular and some people call it Conjugate periodization with “Max Effort” and “Dynamic Effort” days. Whatever. Below is a brief rationale and description of some of the methods we use or have used at the Broncos to enhance power development. Maximum strength is defined as the ability to apply force and/or overcome resistances to movement. It is best developed by lifting heavy weights for lower repetitions. When lifting heavy weights in traditional strength exercises (squat, deadlifts, bench presses, chin-ups etc) the movement speed can be quite slow, which is not ideal for power development with more experienced athletes (this will still work to enhance power in less experienced athletes though). But heavy weights and low reps in the basic exercises are best for maximal strength. Maximum power is defined as the work done per unit of time (strength x speed) and it is best developed by use of a more broader range of resistances ~ however there must be acceleration and high movement speed for power to be fully developed.
    [Show full text]