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National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH CIRCULAR 442 July 1995 National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems June 5-8, 1994 The Biltmore Hotel Los Angeles, California TRANSPORTATION Number 442, July 1995 RESEARCH ISSN 0097-8515 CIRCULAR Subscriber Category Transportation Research Board IA planning and administration National Research Council IVA highway operations, capacity, and traffic control 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20418 The Transportation Research Board is a unit of the National Research Council, which serves as an independent advisor to the federal government on scientific and technical questions of national importance. The Research Council, jointly administered by the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine, brings the resources of the entire scientific and technical community to bear on national problems through its volunteer advisory committees. 7th National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems HOV Systems in A New Light June 5-8, 1994 The Biltmore Hotel Los Angeles, California Presented by Transportation Research Board National Research Council In cooperation with the Federal Transit Administration Workshop Proceedings Editors Katherine F. Turnbull Sarah M. Hubbard Texas Transportation Institute The Texas A&M University System Typing, Graphics, and Editorial Assistance Patrick J. Beck Kimberly M. Duren Brad A. Morello Pam D. Rowe Texas Transportation Institute The Texas A&M University System The preparation of these proceedings was funded in part through grants from the Federal Highway Administration and the Federal Transit Administration, United States Department of Transportation. 7th National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems HOV Systems in A New Light Conference Hosts Dave Barnhart Arthur T. Leahy Riverside County Transportation Dept. LACMTA Jerry Baxter Dan Miller Caltrans District 7 LACMTA Tom W. Bogard Raja J. Mitwasi Orange County Transportation Authority Caltrans District 7 Donald G. Capelle Ken G. Nelson Parsons Brinckerhoff Caltrans District 7 Kenneth E. Cude Andres Ocon City of Los Angeles LACMTA Lynn Diebold Charles J. O’Connell California Highway Patrol Caltrans District 7 Richard P. Doyle James Ortner Caltrans District 7 Orange County Transportation Authority Joseph El Harake Bijan Parhizgar Caltrans District 12 Caltrans District 7 Michael E. Ellegood Bill Pasley DeLeuw Cather, Inc. California Highway Patrol Charles Fuhs Jerry C. Porter Parsons Brinckerhoff California Private Transportation Co. Keith Gilbert James D. Ratzlaff Auto Club of Southern California Caltrans District 12 George R. Hale Jim Sims HNTB Corporation Commuter Transportation Services, Inc. Laurie Hunter Robert D. Stevens Commuter Transportation Services, Inc. Centennial Engineers, Inc. Alek Jakovljevic John Takahashi Auto Club of Southern California LACMTA Ronald R. Klusza Antonio Thomas Caltrans District 7 South Coast AQMD Ram Kumar Catherine Wasikowski Kumar & Associates South Coast AGMD 7th National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems HOV Systems in A New Light TRB Committee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems Donald G. Capelle Tim Lomax Parsons Brinckerhoff Quade & Douglas Texas Transportation Institute Dermis L. Christiansen Adolf D. May Texas Transportation Institute University of California, Berkeley Richard Cunard Jonathan D. McDade TRB Staff Federal Highway Administration David E. Bamhart Charles J. O’Connell Los Angeles County Transportation Commission California Department of Transportation John W. Billheimer Russ L. Pierce SYSTAN, Inc. Washington State Patrol John A. Bonsall Lew Pratsch McCormick Rankin International Transportation Total Inc. Donald J. Emerson Morris J. Rothenberg Federal Transit Administration JHK & Associates Charles Fuhs Heidi Stamm Parsons Brinckerhoff Quade & Douglas Pacific Rim Resources Alan T. Gonseth Sheldon G. Strickland Gonseth Associates Federal Highway Administration Leslie N. Jacobson Gary Trietsch Washington State Department of Transportation Texas Department of Transportation Alex Kennedy Katherine F. Tumbull California Department of Transportation Texas Transportation Institute Ted Knappen Carole Valentine Management Associates Virginia Department of Transportation James R. Lightbody Jon M. Williams Santa Clara County Transportation Authority Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments CONTENTS PART l-PLENARY SESSIONS A National and International Status Report....................................... 6 Welcome and Opening Remarks-James van Loben Sels .............................. 6 Tour de HOV...An Overview of Recent HOV Milestones-Tim Lomax................... 7 A National and International Status Report-Charles Fuhs............................. 8 Report from the Federal Highway Administration-Jerry W. Emerson...................... 10 Report from the Federal Transit Administration-Ronald Jensen-Fisher..................... 11 HOV System Development in California......................................... 13 Overview of Statewide HOV Programs and Issues-Jerry Baxter......................... 13 Los Angeles Experience with Bus/HOV Operations-Dana Woodburyy ...................... 14 Developing, Implementing, and Operating an HOV Program for the Los Angeles Area-Raja Mitwasi . 15 Orange County’s HOV Program-Joseph Hecker................................... 16 HOV System Operations and Plans for the Bay Area-H. David Seriani..................... 17 San Diego’s HOV Operations and Plans-Carl West................................. 18 Experiences from the United States and Abroad..................................... 20 Opening Europe’s First High-Speed HOV Facility on Route Al in Amsterdam-John P. Boender and Aad de Winterr.................................................... 20 HOV Planning and Policy Development in Ontario-Thomas J. AppaRao and Tom Mulligan........23 An Evaluation of Houston’s HOV Facilities-Dennis L. Christiansen.......................25 Implementation of HOV Lanes on I-270: Lessons Learned-Heidi F. Van Luven...............26 Experiences from the Northridge Earthquake: Applying HOV Treatments in an Emergency ......29 The Caltrans Response-Charles J. O’Connell..................................... 29 The Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority Response-Arthur T. Leahy ........30 The Metrolink Response-Richard Stanger....................................... 31 Emerging Issues, Research, and Vision for HOV Systems-Panel Discussion.................33 PART 2-KEYNOTE LUNCHEON SPEECHES HOV as a System-Wide Solution-Robert G. MacLennan .............................. 35 Responding to Mobility Challenges Following the Northridge Earthquake-Dean R. Dunphy........40 PART 3-WORKSHOP REPORTS Planning, Implementation, and Policy Development: Recent Experiences-Part 1...............41 Planning, Implementation, and Policy Development: Recent Experiences-Part 2...............46 Advanced Transit and HOV Roadway Systems.................................... 50 HOV Systems and Air Quality Impacts......................................... 54 Funding HOV Systems................................................... 57 Developing Integrated Systems: Park-and-Ride, Transit Stations, and Supporting Programs.........60 Enforcement Issues..................................................... 64 HOV System Pricing and Toll Collection........................................ 68 CONTENTS, continued HOV System Compatibility with Other Modes..................................... 71 Demand Estimation and Modeling Experience-Part 1................................ 73 Demand Estimation and Modeling Experience-Part 2................................ 77 Arterial HOV Treatments................................................. 81 HOV Systems Operations................................................. 85 Marketing HOV Systems.................................................. 88 Lane Conversion Strategies-Historical Experiences................................. 9 1 Lane Conversion Strategies-Studies and Future Conversions........................... 96 HOV Design and Safety Issues.............................................. 99 Bus Transit Operations on HOV Systems........................................ 103 APPENDIX-Conference Attendance List . , . 107 6 PART l-PLENARY SESSIONS A National and International Status Report Jerry Baxter, California Department of Transportation-Presiding Welcome and Opening Remarks that one key to successful HOV development and James van Loben Sels California Department of operation is coordination among agencies and the Transportation supporting services. Providing information to commuters on all these travel options is also critical. In the Los Angeles area, the 1- 800-COMMUTE telephone number provides information on all modes. This system allows commuters to easily obtain information on alternatives to driving alone. The partnership in the Los Angeles area is committed to developing and operating an extensive HOV system. You will have the opportunity to see many elements of this system on the tours over the next few days. In addition to the fixed facilities, extensive ridesharing programs, bus services, and marketing efforts are also being used. All of these elements are focused on providing quality services that commuters will find attractive enough to change from driving alone to using an HOV. The system must be safe, secure, and convenient. Thank you and welcome to California. We do not have An issue currently being examined in California and in an earthquake scheduled for today, but
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