aristotelis (European Shag)

European Red List of

Supplementary Material

The European Union (EU27) Red List assessments were based principally on the official data reported by EU Member States to the European Commission under Article 12 of the Birds Directive in 2013-14. For the European Red List assessments, similar data were sourced from BirdLife Partners and other collaborating experts in other European countries and territories. For more information, see BirdLife International (2015).

Contents Reported national population sizes and trends p. 2 Trend maps of reported national population data p. 3 Sources of reported national population data p. 5 factsheet bibliography p. 8

Recommended citation BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.

Further information http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/info/euroredlist http://www.birdlife.org/europe-and-central-asia/european-red-list-birds-0 http://www.iucnredlist.org/initiatives/europe http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/redlist/

Data requests and feedback To request access to these data in electronic format, provide new information, correct any errors or provide feedback, please email [email protected].

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Phalacrocorax aristotelis (European Shag)

Table 1. Reported national breeding population size and trends in Europe1. Country (or Population estimate Short-term population trend4 Long-term population trend4 Subspecific population (where relevant) 2 territory) Size (pairs)3 Europe (%) Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality Albania 5-15 <1 2002-2012 poor - 0-25 2002-2012 poor - 10-30 1980-2012 poor P. a. desmarestii Bulgaria 180-250 <1 2005-2012 medium 0 0 2000-2012 medium + 560-660 1980-2012 medium P. a. desmarestii 1,600-2,000 2 2013 poor 0 0 2001-2012 poor 0 0 1980-2012 poor P. a. desmarestii Cyprus 20-60 <1 2007-2012 medium ? - 10-30 1980-2012 poor P. a. desmarestii DK: Faroe Is 1,500 2 2002 medium ? ? P. a. aristotelis France 7,164-7,210 9 2009-2011 good + 15-20 1999-2011 good + 144-147 1978-2011 good P. a. aristotelis France 1,000-1,200 1 2009-2012 medium + 38 2001-2012 medium + 28 1979-2012 medium P. a. desmarestii Greece 1,300-1,450 2 2012 good 0 0 2001-2012 medium ? P. a. desmarestii 4,900 6 2007 good - 10-29 2007- good - 10-29 1994-2007 good P. a. aristotelis Rep. Ireland 3,837 5 2012 medium + 14 2002-2012 medium - 17 1987-2012 medium P. a. aristotelis Italy 1,500-2,100 2 2013 medium - 0-10 2001-2012 medium 0 0 1980-2012 medium P. a. desmarestii Norway 19,000 25 2013 good F 0 2003-2013 good F 0 1975-2013 good P. a. aristotelis Portugal 132-142 <1 2012 good 0 0 2002-2012 good 0 0 1981-2012 good P. a. aristotelis Russia 900-1,100 1 2000-2012 medium + 5-10 2000-2012 medium + 10-30 1980-2012 good P. a. aristotelis Russia 50-60 <1 2008-2010 medium + 130-150 2000-2012 medium + 70-100 1980-2012 poor P. a. desmarestii Spain 2,087 3 2006-2007 good + 2002-2009 medium ? P. a. desmarestii Spain 1,677 2 2006-2007 good - 20-25 2001-2008 medium - 1980-2007 medium P. a. aristotelis Sweden 50 <1 2008-2012 medium + 5000-10000 2001-2012 good P. a. aristotelis Turkey 889-1,191 1 2013 good + 10-19 2000-2012 good 0 0-19 1990-2013 medium P. a. desmarestii Ukraine 1,500-1,700 2 2000 medium - 10-20 1998-2010 medium - 10-30 1980-2010 medium P. a. desmarestii 27,000 35 1998-2002 good - 15 1999-2011 good - 27 1986-2000 good P. a. aristotelis EU27 46,000-47,100 60 Decreasing Europe 76,300-78,500 100 Decreasing 1 See 'Sources' at end of factsheet, and for more details on individual EU Member State reports, see the Article 12 reporting portal at http://bd.eionet.europa.eu/article12/report. 2 The designation of geographical entities and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or BirdLife International concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. 3 In the few cases where population size estimates were reported in units other than those specified, they were converted to the correct units using standard correction factors. 4 The robustness of regional trends to the effects of any missing or incomplete data was tested using plausible scenarios, based on other sources of information, including any other reported information, recent national Red Lists, scientific literature, other publications and consultation with relevant experts. 5 Trend directions are reported as: increasing (+); decreasing (-); stable (0); fluctuating (F); or unknown (?). 6 Trend magnitudes are rounded to the nearest integer.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Trend maps

A symbol appears in each country where the species occurs: the shape and colour of the symbol represent the population trend in that country, and the size of the symbol corresponds to the proportion of the European population occurring in that country.

KEY

Ç Large increase (≥50%) È Large decrease (≥50%) Ç Moderate increase (20–49%) È Moderate decrease (20–49%) Ç Small increase (<20%) È Small decrease (<20%) ñ Increase of unknown magnitude ò Decrease of unknown magnitude

å Stable or fluctuating 0 Unknown ¢ Present (no population or trend data) Ð Extinct since 1980

Each symbol, with the exception of Present and Extinct, may occur in up to three different size classes, corresponding to the proportion of the European population occurring in that country. ñ Large: ≥10% of the European population ñ Medium: 1–9% of the European population ñ Small: <1% of the European population

The designation of geographical entities and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or BirdLife International concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Figure 1. Breeding population sizes and short-term trends across Europe.

Figure 2. Breeding population sizes and long-term trends across Europe.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Phalacrocorax aristotelis (European Shag)

Sources

Albania: P. a. desmarestii Breeding population size: Bino pers. obs. Breeding short-term trend: Bino pers. obs. Breeding long-term trend: Bino pers. obs. Bulgaria: P. a. desmarestii Breeding population size: Golemansky V. (ed.) 2011. Red Data Book of Bulgaria. Vol. 2, . Http://e-ecodb.bas.bg/rdb/en/vol2/; Iankov, P. (ed.) 2007 Atlas of Breeding Birds in Bulgaria. Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds, Conservation Series, Book 10, Sofia, BSPB, 679 p. Breeding short-term trend: Golemansky V. (ed.) 2011. Red Data Book of Bulgaria. Vol. 2, Animals. Http://e-ecodb.bas.bg/rdb/en/vol2/; Iankov, P. (ed.) 2007 Atlas of Breeding Birds in Bulgaria. Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds, Conservation Series, Book 10, Sofia, BSPB, 679 p.; Nankinov, D., А. Dutsov, B. Nikolov, B. Borisov, G. Stoyanov, G. Gradev, D. Georgiev, D. Popov, D. Domuschiev, D. Kirov, E. Tilova, I. Nikolov, I. Ivanov, K. Dichev, K. Popov, N. Karaivanov, N. Todorov, P. Shurulinkov, R. Stanchev, R. Aleksov, R.Tsonev, S. Dalakchieva, S. Ivanov, S. Marin, S. Staikov, S. Nikolov & H. Nikolov. 2004. Breeding totals of the ornithofauna in Bulgaria, 2004. Green Balkans, Plovdiv. 32 p. Breeding long-term trend: Botev, B. (ed.) 1985. Red Data Book of Bulgaria, Vol. 2, Animals, Sofia, BAS, 183 p.; Golemansky V. (ed.) 2011. Red Data Book of Bulgaria. Vol. 2, Animals. Http://e-ecodb.bas.bg/rdb/en/vol2/; Iankov, P. (ed.) 2007 Atlas of Breeding Birds in Bulgaria. Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds, Conservation Series, Book 10, Sofia, BSPB, 679 p.; Nankinov, D., А. Dutsov, B. Nikolov, B. Borisov, G. Stoyanov, G. Gradev, D. Georgiev, D. Popov, D. Domuschiev, D. Kirov, E. Tilova, I. Nikolov, I. Ivanov, K. Dichev, K. Popov, N. Karaivanov, N. Todorov, P. Shurulinkov, R. Stanchev, R. Aleksov, R.Tsonev, S. Dalakchieva, S. Ivanov, S. Marin, S. Staikov, S. Nikolov & H. Nikolov. 2004. Breeding totals of the ornithofauna in Bulgaria, 2004. Green Balkans, Plovdiv. 32 p.; Simeonov, S., T. Michev, D. Nankinov. 1990. The Fauna of Bulgaria. Vol. 20. AVES. Part I. BAS Press, Sofia. 350 pp. (in Bulgarian with English Summary) Croatia: P. a. desmarestii Breeding population size: Zavod za ornitologiju (Sanja Barišić, Davor Ćiković, Jelena Kralj, Goran Sušić,Vesna Tutiš), Dragan Radović, Ivan Budinski, Robert Crnković, Antun Delić, Dubravko Dender, Vlatka Dumbović, Ivan Darko Grlica, Bariša Ilić, Luka Jurinović, Davor Krnjeta, Krešimir Leskovar, Duje Lisičić, Ivica Lolić, Gordan Lukač. Kristijan Mandić, Krešimir Mikulić, Tibor Mikuska, Gvido Piasevoli, Andrej Radalj, Zlatko Ružanović, Vlatka Šćetarić, Mirko Šetina, Adrian Tomik (2013): Procjene brojnosti za SPA područja. Državni zavod za zaštitu prirode, Zagreb Breeding short-term trend: BiE III Work group, Croatia Breeding long-term trend: BiE III Work group, Croatia Cyprus: P. a. desmarestii Breeding population size: Targetted boat surveys at two best known breeding sites. BirdLife Cyprus sightings data as reported in Annual reports 2001-12. Cyprus IBA inventories 2004 and 2012. Game & Fauna Service data and expert opinion. Whaley DJ & Dawes JC, 2003 Cyprus breeding Birds’ Atlas; Flint & Stewart BOU Checklist no.6 (1992) The Birds of Cyprus; Breeding short-term trend: Targetted boat surveys at two best known breeding sites. BirdLife Cyprus sightings data as reported in Annual reports 2001-12. Cyprus IBA inventories 2004 and 2012. Game & Fauna Service data and expert opinion. Breeding long-term trend: Targetted boat surveys at two best known breeding sites. BirdLife Cyprus sightings data as reported in Annual reports 2001-12. Cyprus IBA inventories 2004 and 2012. Game & Fauna Service data and expert opinion. Whaley DJ & Dawes JC, 2003 Cyprus breeding Birds’ Atlas; Flint & Stewart BOU Checklist no.6 (1992) The Birds of Cyprus; DK: Faroe Is: P. a. aristotelis Breeding population size: BirdLife International (2004) Birds in Europe: population estimates, trends and conservation status. BirdLife International, Cambridge, UK. TemaNord (2010) Action plan for in Western-Nordic areas. Nordic Council of Ministers, Copenhagen. Hammer et al. (2014) Færøsk trækfugleatlas [Faroese migration atlas]. Fróðskapur / Faroe University Press, Tórshavn. France: P. a. aristotelis Breeding population size: GISOM 2013 Enquete nationale sur les oiseaux marins nicheurs de France 2009 - 2012 Breeding short-term trend: Cadiou B., Pons J.-M. & Yésou P. (éds) 2004 Oiseaux marins nicheurs de France métropolitaine (1960-2000), Éditions Biotope, Mèze, 218 p. Breeding long-term trend: Cadiou B., Pons J.-M. & Yésou P. (éds) 2004 Oiseaux marins nicheurs de France métropolitaine (1960-2000), Éditions Biotope, Mèze, 218 p. France: P. a. desmarestii Breeding population size: http://files.biolovision.net/www.atlas-ornitho.fr/pdffiles/ROMN2009-2010RP1-mars2011-9035.pdf Breeding short-term trend: Cadiou B., Pons J.-M. & Yésou P. (éds) 2004 Oiseaux marins nicheurs de France métropolitaine (1960-2000), Éditions Biotope, Mèze, 218 p. Cadiou et collaborateurs 2011 Cinquième recensement national des oiseaux marins nicheurs en France métropolitaine 2009-2011. 1ère synthèse : bilan intermédiaire 2009-2010, Groupement d’Intérêt Scientifique des Oiseaux Marins et Agence des Aires Marines Protégées, 62 p. Breeding long-term trend: Cadiou B., Pons J.-M. & Yésou P. (éds) 2004 Oiseaux marins nicheurs de France métropolitaine (1960-2000), Éditions Biotope, Mèze, 218 p. Cadiou et collaborateurs 2011 Cinquième recensement national des oiseaux marins nicheurs en France métropolitaine 2009-2011. 1ère synthèse : bilan intermédiaire 2009-2010, Groupement d’Intérêt Scientifique des Oiseaux Marins et Agence des Aires Marines Protégées, 62 p. Greece: P. a. desmarestii Breeding population size: Fric, J., Portolou, D., Manolopoulos, A. & T. Kastritis. 2012. Important Bird Areas for Seabirds in Greece. LIFE07 NAT/GR/000285 - Hellenic Ornithological Society (HOS/BirdLife Greece), Athens Breeding short-term trend: Hellenic Ornithological Society database Iceland: P. a. aristotelis Breeding population size: Arnþór Garðarsson & Ævar Petersen. 2009. Íslenski toppskarfsstofninn. Bliki 30: 9-26.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Phalacrocorax aristotelis (European Shag) Iceland: P. a. aristotelis Breeding short-term trend: Arnþór Garðarsson & Ævar Petersen. 2009. Íslenski toppskarfsstofninn. Bliki 30: 9-26. Breeding long-term trend: Arnþór Garðarsson & Ævar Petersen. 2009. Íslenski toppskarfsstofninn. Bliki 30: 9-26. Republic of Ireland: P. a. aristotelis Breeding population size: Mitchell, P. Ian, Newton, S.F., Ratcliffe, N. & Dunn, T.E. (2004) populations of Britain and Ireland. Results of the Seabird 2000 Census (1998-2002). T & AD Poyser, London. Expert opinion and unpublished data: S. Newton, BirdWatch Ireland; http://www.birdwatchireland.ie. Breeding short-term trend: Mitchell, P. Ian, Newton, S.F., Ratcliffe, N. & Dunn, T.E. (2004) Seabird populations of Britain and Ireland. Results of the Seabird 2000 Census (1998-2002). T & AD Poyser, London. Expert opinion and unpublished data: S. Newton, BirdWatch Ireland; http://www.birdwatchireland.ie. Breeding long-term trend: Lloyd, C., Tasker, M.L. & Partridge, K. (1991) The status of Seabirds in Britain and Ireland. T & AD Poyser, London. Expert opinion and unpublished data: S. Newton, BirdWatch Ireland; http://www.birdwatchireland.ie. Italy: P. a. desmarestii Breeding population size: Brichetti P & Fracasso G. 2013. Ornitologia italiana. Vol. 1/1: Gaviidae-Phoenicopteridae. Oasi Alberto Perdisa, Bologna Breeding short-term trend: Brichetti P & Fracasso G. 2013. Ornitologia italiana. Vol. 1/1: Gaviidae-Phoenicopteridae. Oasi Alberto Perdisa, Bologna Breeding long-term trend: Brichetti P & Fracasso G. 2013. Ornitologia italiana. Vol. 1/1: Gaviidae-Phoenicopteridae. Oasi Alberto Perdisa, Bologna Norway: P. a. aristotelis Breeding population size: The Norwegian Monitoring programme for seabirds, Svein-Håkon Lorentsen pers.comm. Breeding short-term trend: The Norwegian Monitoring programme for seabirds, Svein-Håkon Lorentsen pers.comm. Breeding long-term trend: The Norwegian Monitoring programme for seabirds, Svein-Håkon Lorentsen pers.comm. Portugal: P. a. aristotelis Breeding population size: Lecoq et al. (2012). Censo da População Reprodutora do Corvo-marinho-de-crista no Arquipélago das Berlengas em 2012. Breeding short-term trend: Equipa Atlas (2008). Atlas das Aves Nidificantes em Portugal (1999-2005). Instituto da Conservação da Natureza e da Biodiversidade, Sociedade Portuguesa para o Estudo das Aves, Parque Natural da Madeira e Secretaria Regional do Ambiente e do Mar. Assírio e Alvim. Lisboa; Lecoq M, Crisóstomo P, Mourato E, Morais L. & Andrade J. (2012). Censo da População Reprodutora do Corvo-marinho-de-crista no Arquipélago das Berlengas em 2012. Relatório da Acção A– Actividade 2. Projecto FAME. Sociedade Portuguesa para o Estudo das Aves, Lisboa Breeding long-term trend: Equipa Atlas (2008). Atlas das Aves Nidificantes em Portugal (1999-2005). Instituto da Conservação da Natureza e da Biodiversidade, Sociedade Portuguesa para o Estudo das Aves, Parque Natural da Madeira e Secretaria Regional do Ambiente e do Mar. Assírio e Alvim. Lisboa; Lecoq M, Crisóstomo P, Mourato E, Morais L. & Andrade J. (2012). Censo da População Reprodutora do Corvo-marinho-de-crista no Arquipélago das Berlengas em 2012. Relatório da Acção A–Actividade 2. Projecto FAME. Sociedade Portuguesa para o Estudo das Aves, Lisboa Russia: P. a. aristotelis Breeding population size: Ivanenko N.Yu. 2013. Avifauna of West Murman by the example of Pechenga Bay and Ainovy Islands. – Birds of northern and southern seas of Russia: fauna, ecology. Apatity, KNC RAN: 64-102 (in Russian). Krasnov, Yu.V., Matishov, G.G., Galaktionov, K.V., Savinova, T.N. 1995. The colonial seabirds of Murman. St. Petersburg: Nauka Publishers, 224 pp. (In Russian). Krasnov Yu.V., Gavrilo M.V., Ström H., Shavykin A.A. 2006. Numbers and distribution of birds in the coastal water areas of Kola Peninsula on the data of aero-observations in the late-summer period of 2003. - Ornitologia, 33: 125-137 (in Russian). Anker-Nilssen, T., Bakken, V., Strøm, H., Golovkin, A.N., Bianki, V.V. & Tatarinkova, I.P. (eds.) 2000. The status of marine birds breeding in the Barents Sea region. Norsk Polarinstitutt, Rapport nr. 113. Bakken, V. (ed.) 2000. Seabird Colony Databases of the Barents Sea Region and the Kara Sea. Norsk Polarinstitutt Rapportserie Nr 115. Breeding short-term trend: Ivanenko N.Yu. 2013. Avifauna of West Murman by the example of Pechenga Bay and Ainovy Islands. – Birds of northern and southern seas of Russia: fauna, ecology. Apatity, KNC RAN: 64-102 (in Russian). Krasnov Yu.V., Gavrilo M.V., Ström H., Shavykin A.A. 2006. Numbers and distribution of birds in the coastal water areas of Kola Peninsula on the data of aero-observations in the late-summer period of 2003. - Ornitologia, 33: 125-137 (in Russian). Anker-Nilssen, T., Bakken, V., Strøm, H., Golovkin, A.N., Bianki, V.V. & Tatarinkova, I.P. (eds.) 2000. The status of marine birds breeding in the Barents Sea region. Norsk Polarinstitutt, Rapport nr. 113. Bakken, V. (ed.) 2000. Seabird Colony Databases of the Barents Sea Region and the Kara Sea. Norsk Polarinstitutt Rapportserie Nr 115. Breeding long-term trend: Ivanenko N.Yu. 2013. Avifauna of West Murman by the example of Pechenga Bay and Ainovy Islands. – Birds of northern and southern seas of Russia: fauna, ecology. Apatity, KNC RAN: 64-102 (in Russian). Krasnov, Yu.V., Matishov, G.G., Galaktionov, K.V., Savinova, T.N. 1995. The colonial seabirds of Murman. St. Petersburg: Nauka Publishers, 224 pp. (In Russian). Krasnov Yu.V., Gavrilo M.V., Ström H., Shavykin A.A. 2006. Numbers and distribution of birds in the coastal water areas of Kola Peninsula on the data of aero-observations in the late-summer period of 2003. - Ornitologia, 33: 125-137 (in Russian). Anker-Nilssen, T., Bakken, V., Strøm, H., Golovkin, A.N., Bianki, V.V. & Tatarinkova, I.P. (eds.) 2000. The status of marine birds breeding in the Barents Sea region. Norsk Polarinstitutt, Rapport nr. 113. Bakken, V. (ed.) 2000. Seabird Colony Databases of the Barents Sea Region and the Kara Sea. Norsk Polarinstitutt Rapportserie Nr 115. Russia: P. a. desmarestii Breeding population size: Belik V.P. 2003. Breeding colony of Shag in the south of Russia. - Strepet 1: 67-71 (in Russian). Belik V.P., unpublished. [email protected] Breeding short-term trend: Belik V.P. 2003. Breeding colony of Shag in the south of Russia. - Strepet 1: 67-71 (in Russian). Belik V.P., unpublished. [email protected] Breeding long-term trend: Belik V.P. 2003. Breeding colony of Shag in the south of Russia. - Strepet 1: 67-71 (in Russian). Belik V.P., unpublished. [email protected] Spain: P. a. aristotelis Breeding population size: Álvarez, D. y Velando, A. 2007. El cormorán moñudo en españa. Población en 2006-2007 y método de censo. SEO/BirdLife.Madrid. Breeding short-term trend: Munilla, I. & Velando, A. 2008. PLAN INTEGRAL DE RECUPERACIÓN E CONSERVACIÓN DAS AVES NIDIFICANTES en CANTÍS COSTEIROS: URIA AALGE, PHALACROCORAX ARISTOTELIS E RISSA TRIDACTYLA. Dirección Xeral de Conservación da Natureza, Consellería de Medio Ambiente e Desenvolvemento sostible. Informe no publicado. 141 Álvarez, D. y Velando, A. 2007. El cormorán moñudo en España. Población en 2006-2007 y método de censo. SEO/ BirdLife. Madrid. Velando, A. y Munilla I. 2011. Conservación del Cormorán moñudo en el Parque Nacional de las Islas Atlánticas. En: Valeiras, X., Velando, A., Bermejo A. y Paterson A.M. (Eds.) 2011. Actas del Taller Internacional sobre ecología del cormorán moñudo en el sur de Europa. Boletín del Grupo Ibérico de Aves Marinas, 35: 5-14. Breeding long-term trend: Álvarez, D. y Velando, A. 2007. El cormorán moñudo en España. Población en 2006-2007 y método de censo. SEO/BirdLife. Madrid. Velando, A. y Munilla I. 2011. Conservación del Cormorán moñudo en el Parque Nacional de las Islas Atlánticas. En: Valeiras, X., Velando, A., Bermejo A. y Paterson A.M. (Eds.) 2011. Actas del Taller Internacional sobre ecología del cormorán moñudo en el sur de Europa. Boletín del Grupo Ibérico de Aves Marinas, 35: 5-14.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Phalacrocorax aristotelis (European Shag)

Spain: P. a. desmarestii Breeding population size: Álvarez, D. y Velando, A. 2007. El cormorán moñudo en España. Población en 2006-2007 y método de censo. SEO/BirdLife. Madrid. Breeding short-term trend: Álvarez, D. y Velando, A. 2007. El cormorán moñudo en España. Población en 2006-2007 y método de censo. SEO/BirdLife. Madrid Breeding long-term trend: Álvarez, D. y Velando, A. 2007. El cormorán moñudo en España. Población en 2006-2007 y método de censo. SEO/BirdLife. Madrid Sweden: P. a. aristotelis Breeding population size: Ottosson, U., Ottvall, R., Elmberg, J., Green, M., Gustafsson, R., Haas, F., Holmqvist, N., Lindström, Å., Nilsson, L., Svensson, M., Svensson, S. & Tjernberg, M. 2012. Fåglarna i Sverige - antal och förekomst. Sveriges Ornitologiska Förening, Halmstad. Breeding short-term trend: Swedish Bird Survey (Svensk Fågeltaxering), Lund University. Breeding long-term trend: First confirmed breeding in 2004. Increase to at least 50 pairs. Turkey: P. a. desmarestii Breeding population size: Hayri Dagli, Maria Perez personal communication. Black Seabirds Project unpublished data, Doğa Derneği, Ferdi Akarsu and Burak Ozkirli personal communication. Akarsu F. 2014.Identification of terresterrial and marine bird fauna in Seferihisar district, in Ozkirli B. Seferihisar Natural Heritage Project Report, Doga Dernegi, İzmir pg: 723-726, Eken G., Bozdoğan M., İsfendiyaroğlu S., Kılıç D.T., Lise Y. (2006) Türkiye’nin Önemli Doğa Alanları. Doğa Derneği, Ankara. Breeding short-term trend: Doğa Derneği, Eken G., Bozdoğan M., İsfendiyaroğlu S., Kılıç D.T., Lise Y. (2006) Key Biodiversity Areas of Turkey (Türkiye’nin Önemli Doğa Alanları) Doğa Derneği, Ankara, KILIÇ, T., EKEN, G. 2004, Türkiye'nin Önemli Kuş Alanları Güncellemesi, Doğa Derneği. Ankara. Breeding long-term trend: Birdlife International (2004) Birds in Europe: population estimates, trends and conservation status, Cambridge UK: Birdlife International (Birdlife Conservation series no: 12) Ukraine: P. a. desmarestii Breeding population size: 1. Hagemaijer W.J.M., Blair M.J. The EBCC Atlas of European Breeding Birds: Their Distribution and Abundance. Poyser. - London. 1997. 903 p. 2. Heath M.F., Evans M.I. Important birds areas in Europe. Priority sites for conservation. // Southern Europe. BirdLife International. - Cambridge. Vol.2., 2000. P. 691-724. 3. European birds populations; Estimates and trends Compiled by M. Heath, C. Borggreve, N. Peet, W. Hagemeijer/ BirdLife International/EBCC. 2000. Cambridge, UK: BirdLife Conservation Series N10, 160 p. 4. Численность и размещение гнездящихся околоводных птиц в водно-болотных угодьях Азово-Черноморского побережья Украины. Под ред. В.Д. Сиохин / Wetland International Киев. 2000. 476 с. 5. Birds in Europe: Population Estimates, Trends and Conservation Status. BirdLife Conservation Series 12; 2004. 374 р. 6. Experts: I.Gorban, I.Rusev, Z. Petrovych Breeding short-term trend: 1. Directory of Azov – Black Sea Coastal Wetlands / Ed. By G. Marushevsky – Kyiv, 2003, Wetland International, 235 p. 2. Directory of Ukraine’s Wetlands / Ed. By G. Marushevsky& I. Zaruk. – Kyiv, 2006, Wetland International Black Sea Programme. - 312 с. 3. Birds in Europe: Population Estimates, Trends and Conservation Status. BirdLife Conservation Series 12; 2004. 374 р. Breeding long-term trend: 1. Tucker G.M., Heath M.F. Birds in Europe: their conservation status. - Cambridge. U.K. Bird Life Conservation Series №. 3. 1994. 600 p. 2. Hagemaijer W.J.M., Blair M.J. The EBCC Atlas of European Breeding Birds: Their Distribution and Abundance. Poyser. - London. 1997. 903 p. 3. Heath M.F., Evans M.I. Important birds areas in Europe. Priority sites for conservation. // Southern Europe. BirdLife International. - Cambridge. Vol.2., 2000. P. 691-724. 4. Численность и размещение гнездящихся околоводных птиц в водно-болотных угодьях Азово-Черноморского побережья Украины. Под ред. В.Д. Сиохин / Wetland International Киев. 2000. 476 с. 5. Directory of Ukraine’s Wetlands / Ed. By G. Marushevsky& I. Zaruk. – Kyiv, 2006, Wetland International Black Sea Programme. - 312 с. United Kingdom: P. a. aristotelis Breeding population size: Wanless, S. & Harris, M.P. 2004. European Shag Phalacrocorax aristotelis. Pp.146-159. In: Mitchell, P.I., Newton, S., Ratcliffe, N. & Dunn, T.E. (eds.) Seabird populations of Britain and Ireland. T. & A.D. Poyser. Breeding short-term trend: JNCC 2012. Seabird population trends and causes of change: 2012 report (http://www.jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-3201). Joint Nature Conservation Committee. Updated July 2012. Breeding long-term trend: Lloyd, C., Tasker, M.L. & Partridge, K. 1991. The status of seabirds in Britain and Ireland. London, T. & A.D. Poyser. 355 pp. Wanless, S. & Harris, M.P. 2004. European Shag Phalacrocorax aristotelis. Pp.146-159. In: Mitchell, P.I., Newton, S., Ratcliffe, N. & Dunn, T.E. (eds.) Seabird populations of Britain and Ireland. T. & A.D. Poyser

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Bibliography

Aguilar, J.S. and Fernandez, G. 1999. Species action plan for the Mediterranean shag Phalacrocorax aristotelisdes marestii in Europe. BirdLife International, Cambridge, UK.

BirdLife International. 2000. The Development of Boundary Selection Criteria for the Extension of Breeding Seabird Special Protection Areas into the Marine Environment. OSPAR Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic. Vlissingen (Flushing).

Carss, D.N. 1994. Killing of piscivorous birds at Scottish fin farms, 1984-1987. Biological Conservation 68: 181-188.

Delany, S. and Scott, D. 2006. Waterbird population estimates. Wetlands International, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

Fredriksen, M., Harris, M.P., Daunt, F., Rothery, P. and Wanless, S. 2004. Scale-dependent climate signals drive breeding phenology of three seabird species. Global Change Biology 10: 1214-1221.

Kuiken, T. 1999. Review of Newcastle disease in . Waterbirds 22(3): 333-347.

Nelson, J.B. 2005. Pelicans, cormorants and their relatives. Pelecanidae, , Phalacrocoracidae, Anhingidae, Fregatidae, Phaethontidae. Oxford University Press, Oxford, U.K.

Orta, J., Garcia, E.F.J., Jutglar, F., Kirwan, G.M. and Boesman, P. 2014. European Shag (Phalacrocorax aristotelis). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. and de Juana, E. (eds.) 2014. Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona

Snow, D.W. and Perrins, C.M. 1998. The Birds of the Western Palearctic vol. 1: Non-Passerines. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Velando, A. and Freire, J. 2002. Population modelling of European shags (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) at their southern limit: Conservation implications. Biological Conservation 107(1): 59-69.

Velando, A., Munilla, I. and Leyenda, P.M. 2005. Short-term indirect effects of the 'Prestige' oil spill on European shags: changes in availability of prey. Marine Ecology Progress Series 302: 263-274.

Wanless, S., Harris, M.P. and Morris, J.A. 1991. Foraging range and feeding locations of shags Phalacrocorax aristotelis during chick rearing. Ibis 133: 30-36.

Wanless, S. and Harris, M.P. 1997. Phalacrocorax aristotelis Shag. Birds of the Western Palearctic Update 1(1): 3-13.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL (2015) EUROPEAN RED LIST OF BIRDS