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Climb to the Ice Richard Vaughan Indiana University Maurer School of Law, Rvaughan@Indiana.Edu Maurer School of Law: Indiana University Digital Repository @ Maurer Law Articles by Maurer Faculty Faculty Scholarship 2012 Climb to the Ice Richard Vaughan Indiana University Maurer School of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/facpub Part of the Geography Commons, Glaciology Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Vaughan, Richard, "Climb to the Ice" (2012). Articles by Maurer Faculty. Paper 786. http://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/facpub/786 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Scholarship at Digital Repository @ Maurer Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Articles by Maurer Faculty by an authorized administrator of Digital Repository @ Maurer Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ClimbBy Richard Vaughan to the Ice on the former estate of American naturalist and painter John James Audubon. One hundred and twenty-seven years ago As the son of a merchant, and later stock broker, Grinnell was educated first by this fall, in September 1885, George Bird Grinnell got his first glimpse of the Audubon’s widow, then at a private boarding school, and finally at Yale. Besides glacier that is today one of the jewels of Glacier National Park …Grinnell Gla- traveling to the American West, Grinnell’s post-college years were filled with an cier. Dwindling supplies and bad weather kept Grinnell from reaching the glacier unsuccessful attempt to run the family stock brokerage, the publication of his in 1885, but his appetite had been whetted and in his trip diary he vowed he first articles in a young sportsman’s newspaper known as Forest & Stream, and would return “to the ice.” working as an assistant to Professor Marsh at Yale. While working for Marsh, Although new to this pocket of Montana, Grinnell was no stranger to the he took on the additional responsibilities of serving as Forest & Stream’s Natural American West. His western travel experiences had begun fifteen years earlier History Editor. Over the next few years, Grinnell and his father began purchas- when he served as a member of O.C. Marsh’s first Yale Paleontology Expedi- ing stock in the Forest and Stream Publishing Company and were, by 1880, the tions. A few years later he was spending summers hunting buffalo and elk on majority stock holders. Soon after, George returned to New York City to become the plains of Nebraska and Kansas with the leaders of the famed Pawnee Scouts, company president and editor of the newspaper. Frank and Luther North. In 1874 he served as a scientist on Custer’s Black Hills As editor, Grinnell worked closely with the paper’s freelance correspondents Expedition, and a year later found himself doing the same on the Ludlow Yel- who were spread across the country. One writer in particular, James Willard lowstone Reconnaissance. Schultz, captured his interest through his writing and his knowledge of a little Grinnell was born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1849 and raised in Manhattan known area in northwest Montana referred to as “the Saint Mary’s region.” Fu- eled by Schultz’s accounts, Grinnell asked Schultz to serve as his first Montana 4 Climbto the Ice George B. Grinnell circa 1885, Notman Portrait, Library of Congress on the former estate of American naturalist and painter John James Audubon. guide. Schultz agreed and the two met in Fort Benton in late August 1885 and As the son of a merchant, and later stock broker, Grinnell was educated first by began a month long excursion by wagon, horse, and foot into the mountains Audubon’s widow, then at a private boarding school, and finally at Yale. Besides that were then part of the Blackfeet Reservation. Recalling his first impression traveling to the American West, Grinnell’s post-college years were filled with an of Grinnell many years later, Schultz wrote “…the moment he got down from unsuccessful attempt to run the family stock brokerage, the publication of his the stage and we shook hands, I knew. ‘Here,’ said I to myself, ‘is no tenderfoot’.” first articles in a young sportsman’s newspaper known as Forest & Stream, and Over the next few weeks Grinnell proved him right. Together they explored the working as an assistant to Professor Marsh at Yale. While working for Marsh, Saint Mary’s Lakes; traversed mountains, valleys, and streams; met and hunted he took on the additional responsibilities of serving as Forest & Stream’s Natural with the region’s indigenous peoples; named several geographic features; and History Editor. Over the next few years, Grinnell and his father began purchas- saw evidence of glacial activity, particularly as they travelled up the Swift Cur- ing stock in the Forest and Stream Publishing Company and were, by 1880, the rent Valley. Besides glimpsing the future Grinnell Glacier they spotted another majority stock holders. Soon after, George returned to New York City to become glacier, to the north, which would become known as Swiftcurrent Glacier. As he company president and editor of the newspaper. would for the rest of his life, Grinnell recorded each day’s events in a small trip As editor, Grinnell worked closely with the paper’s freelance correspondents diary that he would later use as the basis for his articles. who were spread across the country. One writer in particular, James Willard Disappointed at not reaching the glacier in 1885, Grinnell returned to New Schultz, captured his interest through his writing and his knowledge of a little York and quickly slipped back into the busy world of publishing and the causes known area in northwest Montana referred to as “the Saint Mary’s region.” Fu- important to him. In addition to turning his diary into a 15-part Forest & eled by Schultz’s accounts, Grinnell asked Schultz to serve as his first Montana Stream serial, Grinnell immersed himself in the creation of a new society dedi- 5 Photograph: Grinnell Glacier, Nov. 1, 1887, Beacom Photograph, Glacier National Park Archives cated to preserving the wild birds of manpower to get the gear and horses whisky traders. Beacom and Grin- America, an organization he appro- up the lake. Schultz knew that his nell hit it off right away, and soon priately named, the Audubon Society. friend Jack Monroe was hunting in the young officer was invited on the It soon became clear that finding the the Pike Lake area, a few miles to next leg of the trip. Beacom agreed to time to return to Montana in 1886 the north, so he sent Grinnell off to meet them the next morning, where was just not going to happen. find him. The two returned the next Swift Current Creek enters Lower “You cannot conceive, what a dis- day, and the four travelers began Saint Mary’s Lake. Grinnell, Schultz appointment it is for me,” Grinnell their trek. The diary Grinnell kept of and Monroe (back from escorting wrote Schultz, “to give up all hope of the 1887 trip allows us to follow the Gould) packed up their camp and seeing you this autumn, and in mak- group on their wilderness excursion. left for the Swift Current that eve- ing another trip with you. It is some- Over the next few weeks Grinnell, ning by moonlight. thing I had thought about for almost Gould, Schultz and Monroe hunted The next day, joined by Beacom, the a year, and I had always hoped that and fished in the general area of the foursome started up the Swift Cur- something would turn up to make it Saint Mary’s Lakes. As it turned rent Valley, camping about one-and- possible for me to go with you deep out, they had much better success a-half miles below the fifth lake. (In into the mountains whose outskirts hunting than in 1885, largely due to both his 1885 and 1887 trip diaries, we explored last year. I shall never arriving later in the fall when game Grinnell refers to the Swift Current be satisfied until I find out what lies had moved down the mountain sides lakes by the numbers one through six, behind the frowning peaks that sur- foraging for food. Given Grinnell’s and always spelled “Swift Current” round St. Mary’s, and get close to desire to get back to the glaciers he as two words. The first four of these some of the glaciers that furrow those had seen two years before, it seems lakes, moving up the valley, no longer mountains. Let us think of the trip as odd that he did not immediately exists, having been submerged into only postponed a year.” head up the Swift Current Valley. the manmade Lake Sherburne in the Over the next year, Grinnell Gould, however, had informed him 1920s.) planned the trip in the little free time that he had to return to his Santa On October 31 the group was up he had. He hoped that two close Barbara law practice by the end of before dawn and headed toward the friends, Luther North and George the month. So, serving as host, per- southern most of the two glaciers Huntington Gould, could join him haps Grinnell felt his friend’s time Grinnell had seen two years before. on the 1887 trip. As it turned out, would be most enjoyed if they stayed The path they chose was around the only Gould made the trip. After in the Lakes area hunting and fish- northern end of the fifth lake, today’s months of planning and correspon- ing. On October 25th Gould, led by Swiftcurrent Lake, and then down its dence, the two agreed to meet in Monroe, headed back to Lethbridge western shore.
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