London Paramount Entertainment Resort Swanscombe, Kent Historic Landscape Characterisation
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making sense of heritage London Paramount Entertainment Resort Swanscombe, Kent Historic Landscape Characterisation Ref: 106752.01 June 2015 London Paramount Entertainment Resort Swanscombe Kent Historic Landscape Characterisation Prepared for: Savills 33 Margaret Street London W1G 0JD On behalf of: London Resort Company Holdings Limited 17 Albermarle Street London W1S 4HP Prepared by: Wessex Archaeology Bridgewood House 8 Laker Road Rochester Airport Industrial Estate Kent ME1 3QX www.wessexarch.co.uk June 2015 106572.01 © Wessex Archaeology Ltd 2015, all rights reserved Wessex Archaeology Ltd is a Registered Charity No. 287786 (England & Wales) and SC042630 (Scotland) London Paramount Entertainment Resort Historic Landscape Characterisation Quality Assurance Project Code 106572 Accession - Client - Code Ref. Planning - Ordnance Survey (OS) national grid 561145, 173929 Application reference (NGR) Ref. Version Status* Prepared by Checked and Approved By Approver’s Signature Date v01 I GC SPB 24-06-2015 File: R:\PROJECTS\106572\_Reports\Working E GC SPB 26-06-2015 File: R:\PROJECTS\106572\_Reports\Working File: File: File: * I = Internal Draft; E = External Draft; F = Final DISCLAIMER THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT WAS DESIGNED AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF A REPORT TO AN INDIVIDUAL CLIENT AND WAS PREPARED SOLELY FOR THE BENEFIT OF THAT CLIENT. THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT DOES NOT NECESSARILY STAND ON ITS OWN AND IS NOT INTENDED TO NOR SHOULD IT BE RELIED UPON BY ANY THIRD PARTY. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW WESSEX ARCHAEOLOGY WILL NOT BE LIABLE BY REASON OF BREACH OF CONTRACT NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE FOR ANY LOSS OR DAMAGE (WHETHER DIRECT INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL) OCCASIONED TO ANY PERSON ACTING OR OMITTING TO ACT OR REFRAINING FROM ACTING IN RELIANCE UPON THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT ARISING FROM OR CONNECTED WITH ANY ERROR OR OMISSION IN THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THE REPORT. LOSS OR DAMAGE AS REFERRED TO ABOVE SHALL BE DEEMED TO INCLUDE, BUT IS NOT LIMITED TO, ANY LOSS OF PROFITS OR ANTICIPATED PROFITS DAMAGE TO REPUTATION OR GOODWILL LOSS OF BUSINESS OR ANTICIPATED BUSINESS DAMAGES COSTS EXPENSES INCURRED OR PAYABLE TO ANY THIRD PARTY (IN ALL CASES WHETHER DIRECT INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL) OR ANY OTHER DIRECT INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL LOSS OR DAMAGE. London Paramount Entertainment Resort, Swanscombe, Kent Historic Landscape Characterisation List of Tables London Paramount Entertainment Resort Table 1: Historic Ordnance Survey Maps .................................................................................................. 2 Swanscombe Table 2: Historic landscape characterisation types ................................................................................... 3 Table 3: Historic legibility ........................................................................................................................... 4 Kent Table 4: Significance criteria ..................................................................................................................... 4 Historic Landscape Characterisation Figures Figure 1: Site location and Study Area Figure 2: Geology of the Site and Study Area Contents Figure 3: Topography of the Site and Study Area Figure 4: Existing HLC from Kent County Council Summary ............................................................................................................................................ ii Figure 5: Broad character types Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................... iii Figure 6: Present character types Figure 7: HLC of Swanscombe Peninsula 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................1 Figure 8: HLC of Swanscombe 1.1 Project background ..............................................................................................................1 Figure 9: HLC of Ingress Park and Greenhithe 1.2 The Project Site....................................................................................................................1 Figure 10: HLC of Northfleet Figure 11: HLC of Southfleet 1.3 Scope of document ..............................................................................................................1 Figure 12: HLC of Darenth and Bean 1.4 Aims .....................................................................................................................................1 Figure 13: HLC of Stone Figure 14: HLC of Thurrock South 2 METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................1 Figure 15: Industrial, extractive industries and settlement areas across the Site and Study Area 2.1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................1 Figure 16: Industrial, extractive industries and settlement areas across the Site and Study Area 2.2 Historic landscape characterisation history and principles ...................................................1 Figure 17: Industrial, extractive industries and settlement areas across the Site and Study Area Figure 18: Areas with current industrial character 2.3 Study Area ...........................................................................................................................2 2.4 Sources ................................................................................................................................2 2.5 Broad character type ............................................................................................................3 2.6 Character types ....................................................................................................................3 2.7 Significance ..........................................................................................................................4 2.8 Assumptions and limitations................................................................................................. 5 2.9 Copyright ..............................................................................................................................5 3 BASELINE RESOURCE ......................................................................................................5 3.1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................5 3.2 Swanscombe Peninsula (Figure 7) ......................................................................................5 3.3 Swanscombe (Figure 8) .......................................................................................................6 3.4 Ingress Park and Greenhithe (Figure 9) ...............................................................................7 3.5 Northfleet (Figure 10) ...........................................................................................................8 3.6 Southfleet (Figure 11) ..........................................................................................................9 3.7 Darenth and Bean (Figure 12) ...........................................................................................10 3.8 Stone (Figure 13) ...............................................................................................................11 3.9 Thurrock South (Figure 14) ................................................................................................11 3.10 Industrial, extractive and settlement patterns (Figures 15-18) ...........................................11 4 CONCLUSIONS .................................................................................................................12 5 BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................................................12 i 106572.01 London Paramount Entertainment Resort, Swanscombe, Kent Historic Landscape Characterisation This historic landscape characterisation has shown that the overriding historic character of the Project Site London Paramount Entertainment Resort and Study Area is one of extensive settlement, industrial and former extractive areas (including gravel and Swanscombe chalk quarries) which, although containing nationally significant archaeological remains of various dates, show only partial or fragmentary historic legibility of previous characters and limited time depth. Kent The largescale settlement, industrial and extractive areas of the landscape are generally confined to the area north of the A2. To the south of the A2 the historic landscape is mostly rural and dominated by Historic Landscape Characterisation agricultural land. Considerable time depth and historic legibility has been identified within Darenth, with many of the woodland areas of the landscape, particularly Darenth Wood, having medieval origins. Medieval and later woodland previously dominated the wider landscape, and while much has been Summary removed (such as at Swanscombe and Southfleet), it remains partially in its original form (together with Wessex Archaeology was commissioned by Savills on behalf of London Resort Company Holdings Limited areas of re-instated woodland) in Darenth. This adds to the significance of the historic landscape of this to complete the archaeology and cultural heritage chapter of an Environmental Impact Assessment. This area as its importance on a regional level is recognised, and is considered