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Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) Шельфа Западной Камчатки (Северо-Восточная Часть Охотского Моря) В.Г

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Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) Шельфа Западной Камчатки (Северо-Восточная Часть Охотского Моря) В.Г ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ВОДНЫХ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ РЕСУРСОВ КАМЧАТКИ И СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДНОЙ ЧАСТИ ТИХОГО ОКЕАНА, 2015, вып. 39 УДК 593.96 DOI 10.15853/2072-8212.2015.39.75-84 Видовой состав и распространение голотурий (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) шельфа западной Камчатки (северо-восточная часть Охотского моря) В.Г. Степанов*, Е.А. Архипова, Е.Г. Панина* * Н. с., к. б. н.; мл. н. с., к. б. н.; Камчатский филиал Тихоокеанского института географии ДВО РАН 683000 Петропавловск-Камчатский, Партизанская, 6 Тел.: (4152) 42-38-15. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Вед. н. с., к. б. н., Камчатский научно-исследовательский институт рыбного хозяйства и океанографии 683000 Петропавловск-Камчатский, Набережная, 18 Тел.: (4152) 42-19-30. E-mail: [email protected] ECHINODERMATA, ГОЛОТУРИЯ, МОРСКОЙ ОГУРЕЦ, HOLOTHUROIDEA, СИНОНИМИЯ, ВИДОВОЙ СОСТАВ, РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЕ, ОХОТСКОЕ МОРЕ По результатам исследований, проведенных КамчатНИРО (1992–2015 г.), ТИНРО-Центром (2009– 2015 гг.), образцов из коллекций Зоологического института РАН и Института океанологии РАН им. П.П. Ширшова, а также анализа литературных данных приводятся сведения о видовом составе голо- турий шельфа Западной Камчатки (северо-восточная часть Охотского моря). В целом на основании проведенных работ отмечено 23 вида голотурий. Для каждого вида приводятся современное видовое название, синонимия и информация по распространению. Впервые на шельфе Западной Камчатки (северо-восточной части Охотского моря) обнаружены голотурии: Cucumaria okhotensis в координатах 57°28′–57°32′ с. ш. 156°23′–156°35′ в. д.), Pseudocnus pusillus в координатах 53°18′–58°00′6 с. ш. 154°15′8– 155°36′8 в. д., Psolus chitonoides в координатах 57°52′4–58°02′ с. ш. 155°39′5–155°43′ в. д., Myriotrochus rinkii в координатах 55°14′9 с. ш. 155°17′8 в. д. На шельфе Западной Камчатки в координатах 57°13′1 с. ш. 154°29′8 в. д. на глубине 565 м на илисто-песчаном грунте впервые отмечен представитель рода Zygothuria. species composition and distribution of sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) on the shelf of the west Kamchatka (the northeast part of the Okhotsk Sea) V.G. Stepanov*, E.A. Arkhipova, E.G. Panina* * Researcher, Ph. D. (Biology); reseacher, Ph. D. (Biology); Kamchatka Branch of PIG FEB RAS 683000 Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Partizanskaya, 6 Tel.: (4152) 42-38-15. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Leading scientist, Ph. D. (Biology), Kamchatka Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography 683000 Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Naberedzhnaya, 18 Tel.: (4152) 42-19-30. E-mail: [email protected] ECHINODERMATA, HOLOTHURIAN, SEA CUCUMBER, HOLOTHUROIDEA, SYNONYMY, species composition, DISTRIBUTION, THE OKHOTSK SEA The article provides results of figuring out the species composition of Echinodermata on the shelf of West Kamchatka (the northeast part of the Okhotsk Sea) on collections obtained by KamchatNIRO and TINRO- Center (1992–2015) and materials of Zoological Institute of RAS and P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of RAS. The work has revealed 23 species of sea cucumbers. Modern and synonymous names and info about distribution are provided for every species. It is first time when the sea cucumbers Cucumaria okhotensis (57°28′–57°32′ N, 156°23′–156°35′ E) of genus Zygothuria, Pseudocnus pusillus (53°18′–58°00′6 N, 154°15′8– 155°36′8 E), Psolus chitonoides (57°52′4–58°02′ N, 155°39′5–155°43′ E), Myriotrochus rinkii (55°14′9 N, 155°17′8 E) are found on the shelf of West Kamchatka (the northeast part of the Okhotsk Sea); Zygothuria sp. is found first time in silty-sand ground in the depth 565 m (57°13′1 N, 154°29′8 E). Несмотря на довольно обширные исследования священная фауне голотурий российского побере- голотурий дальневосточных морей, их видовой жья Тихого океана и представляющая собой резуль- состав и таксономический статус отдельных видов таты обработки их сборов П. Шмидта и В. Бражни- требуют уточнения. Для многих видов не выявле- кова (1899–1902 гг.) в Японском и Охотском морях. ны ареалы местообитания и их экологические В 1933 г. Т.С. Савельевой (1933) обработана особенности. коллекция голотурий Японского и Охотского мо- До 1933 г., не считая отрывочных и немного- рей из сборов экспедиций Государственного ги- численных данных отдельных авторов, имелась дрологического института (ГГИ) и Тихоокеанско- лишь одна специальная работа (Britten, 1906), по- го института рыбного хозяйства (ТИРХ). Она 76 Степанов, Архипова, Панина включает 24 вида голотурий, из которых 12 явля- отобранные для исследования образцы тканей лись новыми для российских вод Дальнего Вос- растворяли в пробирках с жавелевой водой. Осев- тока, один — новый для науки подвид Pannychia шие на дно пробирки спикулы промывали, раз- moseleyi mollis, и один — новый для науки вид мещали на предметном стекле и после подсыхания Trochostoma orientale (современное видовое на- заключали в канадский бальзам с дальнейшим звание — Molpadia orientalis (Степанов, Морозов, просмотром препаратов под микроскопом. Изо- 2014)). бражение спикул выводили на экран компьютера К концу 1940-х гг. по фауне иглокожих россий- при помощи установки, состоящей из микроскопа ского Дальнего Востока накоплен достаточно «Микромед-2» и цифровой камеры «DCM130». большой разнообразный материал, и результаты Полученную информацию сохраняли при помощи его обработки обобщены А.М. Дьяконовым в опре- программы «ScopePhoto» (Version 2.0.12.146) в виде делителе иглокожих Берингова, Охотского и Япон- графического файла. Для описания формы и типа ского морей, который включает описания и опре- окологлоточного кольца животных препарирова- делительные ключи для 45 видов голотурий (Дья- ли, вскрывая по правому спинному интеррадиусу, конов, 1949). отделяли окологлоточное кольцо, проводили из- К 1962 г. для российской части Берингова, мерение радиальных и интеррадиальных пласти- Охотского и северо-запада Японского морей из- нок и зарисовывали их форму и характерные осо- вестно уже 70 видов голотурий, относящихся к 30 бенности. родам и 13 семействам, описаны их распростране- Карта видового состава и пространственного ние и распределение в указанных районах (Бара- распространения голотурий шельфа Западной нова, 1962а). Камчатки построена с использованием программы Описание новых видов голотурий, Cucumaria Surfer 11. levini и C. okhotensis, обитающих на шельфе За- падной Камчатки, появилось в начале XXI века. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ И ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ Первый вид назван в честь известного дальнево- Показано, что на шельфе Западной Камчатки оби- сточного гидробиолога В.С. Левина (Степанов, тают 23 вида голотурий. Приводятся их таксоно- Пильганчук, 2002), в названии второго отражено мическое положение, синонимия и пространствен- его географическое распространение (Левин, ное распространение. 2003). Проведенные в дальнейшем биохимические исследования показали правомерность описания ПОДКЛАСС Synaptacea Cuénot, 1891 C. okhotensis как нового вида (Сильченко и др., Отряд Synaptida Cuénot, 1891 2007; Silchenko et al., 2008; Aminin et al., 2009, 2010). Подотряд Myriotrochina Smirnov, 1998 В данной работе на основе собственных и ли- Семейство Myriotrochidae Théel, 1877 тературных данных нами рассмотрен видовой Род Myriotrochus Steenstrup, 1851 состав голотурий шельфа Западной Камчатки, для Myriotrochus mitsukurii Ohshima, 1915 каждого вида приводятся современное название, Myriotrochus mitsukurii Ohshima, 1915: 287–288, синонимия и информация по распространению. pl. 11, fig. 36. Распространение. Вид известен из Охотского МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДИКА (в восточной части и у юго-западного берега Кам- Материалом для данной работы послужили сборы чатки) и Японского (заливы Петра Великого и КамчатНИРО (1992–2015 гг.), ТИНРО-Центра Сяуху, побережье Хоккайдо) морей. Сублитораль- (2009–2015 гг.), образцы из коллекций Зоологиче- но-батиальный вид, встречается на глубинах от 67 ского института РАН и Института океанологии до 1760 м. Грунт — ил, песок, песок с илом, пред- РАН. Обработано 87 станций. почитает ил. Образцы голотурий фиксировались 70%-м Myriotrochus rinkii Steenstrup, 1851 спиртом. При изучении внутренней организации Myriotrochus rinkii Steenstrup, 1851: 55, pl. III, животных особое внимание уделяли изучению figs. 7–10. строения спикул и окологлоточного известкового Chiridota brevis Huxley, 1852: 221–222. кольца. Препараты спикул готовили по общепри- Распространение. Крайние северные нахожде- нятой методике (Иванов и др., 1985). Для этого ния вида до 81–82° с. ш. (Северная Гренландия, Видовой состав и распространение голотурий (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) шельфа Западной Камчатки… 77 Шпицберген, Земля Франца-Иоси- фа, Северная Земля). В Атлантиче- ском океане на западе отмечен у побережий Канады и к югу до 45° с. ш. (у побережий Ньюфаунд- ленда), на востоке — вдоль всего побережья Норвегии до Скагерра- ка. Все северные евроазиатские моря, от Баренцева (известно одно- нахождение в Белом море в север- ной части Онежского залива) до Чукотского. Море Бофорта (у м. Барроу), Канадская Арктика. В бассейне Тихого океана: Беринго- во (наиболее южное местонахож- дение у островов Прибылова, 57° с. ш.) и Охотское моря — юго- западное побережье Камчатки, о-ва Парамушир и Сахалин (север- нее 53° с. ш.). Сублиторально-ба- тиальный вид, встречается на глу- бинах от 2 до 790 м, но чаще всего встречается на глубине 10–320 м. Обитает на всех типах грунтов, предпочитая илистые и илисто- песчаные. На шельфе Западной Камчатки вид обнаружен нами на двух стан- циях: 52°19′6 с. ш. 155°58′7 в. д. и впервые в координатах 55°14′9 с. ш. 155°17′8 в. д. (рис. 1). Подотряд Synaptina Smirnov, 1998 Семейство Chiridotidae Östergren, 1898 Подсемейство Chiridotinae
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  • Checklist of the Echinoderms of British Columbia (April 2007) by Philip
    Checklist of the Echinoderms of British Columbia (April 2007) by Philip Lambert, Curator Emeritus of Invertebrates Royal British Columbia Museum [email protected] This checklist is based on the information contained in three echinoderm books on Sea Stars, Sea Cucumbers and Brittle Stars (Lambert 1997, 2000; and Lambert and Austin 2007) as well as on unpublished data from the collections of the Royal BC Museum and from Dr. Bill Austin. Many references in the primary literature were consulted for distribution, and the classifications are based in part on the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology (Moore 1966); Austin (1985); crinoid monograph by A.H. Clark (1907 to 1967); asteroids by Fisher (1911 to 1930) and Smith Paterson and Lafay (1995) for ophiuroids. This is a work in progress as we process the deep water collections that Fisheries and Oceans Canada has collected over the last 6 years. Several new species have been recorded for BC and more are expected. Species in bold occur in less than 200 metres in BC. The stated depth range refers to the entire geographic range of the species. Species not yet recorded in BC but occurring nearby to the north and south of BC have been included in the list with *. CLASS CRINOIDEA (7 species in BC) Sea Lilies and Feather Stars Depth (metres) Order Hyocrinida Family Hyocrinidae 1. Ptilocrinus pinnatus A.H. Clark, 1907 Five-Armed Sea Lily 2904 Order Bourgueticrinida Family Bathycrinidae 2. Bathycrinus pacificus A.H. Clark, 1907 Ten-armed Abyssal Sea Lily 1655 Order Comatulida Family Pentametrocrinidae 3. Pentametrocrinus cf. varians (P.H.
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  • SPC Beche-De-Mer Information Bulletin #9 March 1997
    26 SPC Beche-de-mer Information Bulletin #9 March 1997 BECHE-DE-MER Abstracts, publications, workshops & meetings Bohadschia argus 9th INTERNATIONAL ECHINODERM CONFERENCE San Francisco, August 1996 Abstracts on holothurians compiled by C. Conand 1. Holothurian fisheries Stock assessment of the commercial sea cucumber Parastichopus californicus in the San Juan Islands,Washington State, USA by A. Bradbury1, W. Palsson2 & R. Pacunski2 1 Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Point Whitney Shellfish Laboratory, 1000 Point Whitney Road, Brinnon, WA 98320, USA 2 Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Olympia, WA, USA Although the sea cucumber Parastichopus californicus has been commercially exploited in the eastern Pacific since the 1970s, stock assessment has been hampered by a lack of life history data typically used in age- or size-struc- tured models. Likewise, the lack of a long time series of catch-effort data reflecting ÔequilibriumÕ conditions has precluded the use of many classic surplus production models. We present a simple surplus production model for Parastichopus which relies on a time series of catch and biomass estimates in the San Juan Islands. Harvestable bio- mass was estimated in two consecutive years with an underwater video method, systematically sampling along the shoreline at depths up to 40 m. Additional biomass estimates were made using dive survey data and a Leslie declining catch-per-effort technique. An independent dive survey biomass estimate which related observed declines in sea cucumber density to known catch came within 10 per cent of the corresponding video estimate. We fit a Schaefer surplus production model to these biomass estimates and the known catch during a 5-year period.
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  • Taxon Observations Recorded Museum Collections References In
    Taxon Observations Museum References in Recorded Collections Appendix E Spirontocaris lamellicornis (Dana, 1852) 6 RBCM 18, 104 Spirontocaris ochotensis (Brandt, 1851) 2 CMN 104 Spirontocaris phippsi (Kröyer, 1841) 1 CMN 286 Spirontocaris prionota (Stimpson, 1864) 3 RBCM 104 Spirontocaris snyderi Rathbun, 1902 1 104 Spirontocaris spinus (Sowerby, 1805) 1 286 Family Oplophoridae Oplophoridae 1 RBCM Acanthinephyra curtirostris Wood-Mason, 1891 2 103, 311 Hymenodora frontalis Rathbun, 1902 16 CMN, RBCM 294, 311 Hymenodora glacialis (Buchholz, 1874) 1 104 Notostomus japonicus Bate, 1888 8 USNM 290, 311 Systellaspis sp. 1 RBCM Systellaspis braueri (Balss, 1914) 6 103, 311 Systellaspis cristata (Faxon, 1893) 1 104 Family Pandalidae Pandalidae 5 99, 171 Pandalopsis sp. 2 171 Pandalopsis dispar Rathbun, 1902 7 RBCM, ROM 95, 171, 311 Pandalus sp. 6 RBCM 22, 23, 171 Pandalus borealis Kröyer, 1838 3 95 Pandalus danae Stimpson, 1857 28 18, 23, 160, 193, 275, 286, 297 Pandalus eous Makarov, 1935 1 RBCM Pandalus hypsinotus Brandt, 1851 2 RBCM 95 Pandalus jordani Rathbun, 1902 12 RBCM 18, 19, 95, 104, 171 Pandalus platyceros Brandt, 1851 13 RBCM 18, 22, 23, 95, 171 Pandalus stenolepis Rathbun, 1902 2 CMN, RBCM Pandalus tridens Rathbun, 1902 11 CMN, RBCM 294, 311 Family Pasiphaeidae Pasiphaeidae 1 RBCM Parapasiphae sulcatifrons Smith, 1884 1 103 Pasiphaea pacifica Rathbun, 1902 25 CMN, RBCM 95, 171, 294, 311 Pasiphaea tarda Kröyer, 1845 8 CMN 104, 311 Infraorder Thalassinidea Family Axiidae Axiopsis spinulicauda (Rathbun, 1902) 6 RBCM Calastacus stilirostrus Faxon, 1893 1 311 Calocarides quinqueseriatus (Rathbun, 1902) 1 167 Lophaxius rathbunae Kensley, 1989 4 RBCM 168 Family Callianassidae Subfamily Callianassinae Neotrypaea californiensis (Dana, 1854) 1 RBCM Family Upogebiidae Upogebia pugettensis (Dana, 1852) 13 8, 160, 163, 286, 296 285 Taxon Observations Museum References in Recorded Collections Appendix E Infraorder Anomura Superfamily Paguroidea Family Diogenidae Diogenidae 1 RBCM Paguristes sp.
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  • SPC Beche-De-Mer Information Bulletin #36 – March 2016
    ISSN 1025-4943 Issue 36 – March 2016 BECHE-DE-MER information bulletin Inside this issue Editorial Rotational zoning systems in multi- species sea cucumber fisheries This 36th issue of the SPC Beche-de-mer Information Bulletin has 13 original S.W. Purcell et al. p. 3 articles relating to the biodiversity of sea cucumbers in various areas of Field observations of sea cucumbers the western Indo-Pacific, aspects of their biology, and methods to better in Ari Atoll, and comparison with two nearby atolls in Maldives study and rear them. F. Ducarme p. 9 We open this issue with an article from Steven Purcell and coworkers Distribution of holothurians in the on the opportunity of using rotational zoning systems to manage shallow lagoons of two marine parks of Mauritius multispecies sea cucumber fisheries. These systems are used, with mixed C. Conand et al. p. 15 results, in developed countries for single-species fisheries but have not New addition to the holothurian fauna been tested for small-scale fisheries in the Pacific Island countries and of Pakistan: Holothuria (Lessonothuria) other developing areas. verrucosa (Selenka 1867), Holothuria cinerascens (Brandt, 1835) and The four articles that follow, deal with biodiversity. The first is from Frédéric Ohshimella ehrenbergii (Selenka, 1868) Ducarme, who presents the results of a survey conducted by an International Q. Ahmed et al. p. 20 Union for Conservation of Nature mission on the coral reefs close to Ari A checklist of the holothurians of Atoll in Maldives. This study increases the number of holothurian species the far eastern seas of Russia recorded in Maldives to 28.
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  • Osmotic Stability of the Coelomic Fluids of a Sea-Cucumber
    Acta Biol. Par., Curitiba, 31 (1, 2, 3, 4): 113-121. 2002 113 Osmotic stability of the coelomic fluids of a sea-cucumber (Holothuria grisea) and a starfish (Asterina stellifera) (Echinodermata) exposed to the air during low tide: a field study Estabilidade osmótica dos fluídos celômicos de um pepino do mar (Holothuria grisea) e de uma estrela-do-mar (Asterina stellifera) (Echinodermata) expostos ao ar durante a maré baixa: um estudo de campo DENILTON VIDOLIN IVONETE A. SANTOS-GOUVEA CAROLINA A. FREIRE1 Echinoderms are exclusively marine invertebrates, being largely considered as stenohaline and osmoconformers, thus unable to tolerate wide variations in sea water salinity or to withhold significant osmotic and ionic gradients with respect to sea water. However, these animals are found in the intertidal zone, inside tide pools, where salinity can increase due to evaporation from exposure to intense sunshine, or decrease from heavy rainfall or fresh water runoffs. They can even get totally exposed to the air, subject to significant water loss (STICKLE & AHOKAS 1974; STICKLE & DENOUX, Departamento de Fisiologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR 81531-990 Brazil. 1 Corresponding author: Dr. Carolina A. Freire, Departamento de Fisiologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Paraná — 81531-990 — Curitiba, PR (Brazil) —Email: [email protected] — FAX: +55-41-266-2042 or +55- 41-361-1714— Phone: +55-41-361-1712. 114 Acta Biol. Par., Curitiba, 31 (1, 2, 3, 4): 113-121. 2002 1976). These are observations which have been already pointed out by several previous studies, with resulting questioning of their widely claimed stenohalinity or lack of ionic regulation (STICKLE & AHOKAS 1974; STICKLE & DIEHL 1987; BISHOP et al., 1994).
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