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Counties in Michigan: an Exercise in Regional Government

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Counties in Michigan: an Exercise in Regional Government March 2017 | Report 395 100 YEARS OF UNCOMPROMISING POLICY RESEARCH Counties in Michigan: An Exercise in Regional Government 38777 Six Mile Road, Suite 208 | Livonia, MI 48152 | 734.542.8001 115 West Allegan, Suite 480 | Lansing, MI 48933 | 517.485.9444 P.O. Box 1612 | Holland, MI 49422 | 616-294-8359 | crcmich.org BOARD OF DIRECTORS Chair Sherrie L. Farrell Paul R. Obermeyer Terence M. Donnelly Dykema Comerica Bank Vice Chair Richard A. Favor, Jr. Julie Ridenour Aleksandra A. Miziolek Deloitte Steelcase Foundation Treasurer John J. Gasparovic Jay Rising Kelly Rossman-McKinney BorgWarner, Inc. Consultant Laura Appel June Summers Haas Milt Rohwer Michigan Health & Hospital Association Honigman Miller Schwartz and Cohn LLP TALENT 2025 Beth A. Bialy David R. Hay Kelly Rossman-McKinney Plante Moran, PLLC Kelly Services Truscott Rossman Michael G .Bickers Marybeth S. Howe Camilo Serna PNC Financial Services Group Wells Fargo Bank DTE Energy Lawrence N. Bluth Wendy Lewis Jackson Carolee K. Smith Penske Corporation The Kresge Foundation Consumers Energy Daniel Domenicucci William J. Lawrence III Christine Mason Soneral Ernst & Young LLP 42 North Partners LLC ITC Holdings Corp. Terence M. Donnelly Michael P. McGee Kathleen Wilbur Dickinson Wright PLLC Miller, Canfield, Paddock and Stone PLC Central Michigan University Randall W. Eberts Aleksandra A. Miziolek Larry Yachcik W. E. Upjohn Institute Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. Porter Hills BOARD OF TRUSTEES Chair David O. Egner Marybeth S. Howe James M. Nicholson Eugene A. Gargaro, Jr. Ralph C. Wilson, Jr. Foundation Wells Fargo Bank PVS Chemicals David L. Eisler Daniel J. Kelly Don R. Parfet Terence E. Adderley Ferris State University Deloitte. Retired Apjohn Group LLC Kelly Services, Inc. Fritz Erickson David B. Kennedy Philip H. Power Earhart Foundation, Retired Laura Appel Northern Michigan University The Center for Michigan Michigan Health & Hospital Mary Kramer Association David G. Frey Crain Communications, Inc. John Rakolta Jr. Frey Foundation Walbridge Donald Bachand Gordon Krater Saginaw Valley State University Mark T. Gaffney Plante & Moran PLLC Milton W. Rohwer Teamsters 214 TALENT 2025 William J. Lawrence, III Jeffrey D. Bergeron 42 North Partners LLC Ernst & Young LLP. Retired Eugene A. Gargaro, Jr. George E. Ross Manoogian Foundation Central Michigan University Edward C. Levy, Jr. Stephanie W. Bergeron Edw. C. Levy Co. Walsh College Ralph J. Gerson Kelly Rossman-McKinney Guardian Industries Corporation Daniel T. Lis Truscott Rossman Beth Chappell Attorney-At-Law Detroit Economic Club Dan Gilmartin Nancy M. Schlichting Michigan Municipal League Daniel Little Henry Ford Health System Brian M. Connolly University of Michigan-Dearborn Oakwood Healthcare, Inc., Retired Allan D. Gilmour John M. Schreuder Wayne State University, Emeritus Alphonse S. Lucarelli First National Bank of Michigan Ernst & Young LLP. Retired Matthew P. Cullen Rock Ventures LLC Alfred R. Glancy III Amanda Van Dusen Unico Investment Group LLC Michael P. McGee Miller, Canfield, Paddock Miller, Canfield, Paddock Stephen R. D’Arcy and Stone PLC and Stone PLC Detroit Medical Center Ingrid Gregg Former Earhart Foundation Anne Mervenne Kent J. Vana Richard DeVore Mervenne & Co. Varnum PNC Bank Thomas J. Haas Grand Valley State University Aleksandra A. Miziolek Theodore J. Vogel Terence M. Donnelly Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. CMS Energy Corporation, Retired Dickinson Wright PLLC Richard C. Hampson Citizens Bank Glenn D. Mroz Gail L. Warden John M. Dunn Michigan Technological University Henry Ford Health System, Emeritus Western Michigan University Paul C. Hillegonds Michigan Health Endowment Fund Citizens Research Council of Michigan is a tax deductible 501(c)(3) organization Counties in Michigan: An Exercise in Regional Government Contents Summary .............................................................................................................................................v Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 1 Governance Structure of Local Government ........................................................................................... 2 County Governance ........................................................................................................................ 2 County Boards of Commissioners .............................................................................................................. 3 General Law Counties .............................................................................................................................. 3 Optional Unified Counties ......................................................................................................................... 3 Charter Counties ..................................................................................................................................... 5 County Government Accountability ........................................................................................................... 5 Other Forms of Local Governance ................................................................................................... 6 County Demographics .......................................................................................................................... 7 Population and Land Area ............................................................................................................... 7 Urban Versus Rural Counties ........................................................................................................... 7 Local Government Revenue .................................................................................................................12 Local Property Tax ........................................................................................................................12 State Revenue Sharing ..................................................................................................................12 Other Local Taxes and Fees ...........................................................................................................13 County Revenue ...........................................................................................................................14 County Taxable Values ........................................................................................................................... 17 Local Government Service Provision .....................................................................................................18 Core or Mandated Services ............................................................................................................18 Legislative Services ................................................................................................................................ 19 Clerk .................................................................................................................................................... 19 Register of Deeds .................................................................................................................................. 20 Treasurer .............................................................................................................................................. 20 Sheriff .................................................................................................................................................. 20 Prosecuting Attorney ............................................................................................................................. 20 Court System ........................................................................................................................................ 20 Corrections Services and Jails ................................................................................................................. 21 Administration and General Government Services .................................................................................... 21 Tax Allocation and Collection .................................................................................................................. 21 Elections ............................................................................................................................................... 21 Property Assessing and Equalization Services .......................................................................................... 22 Information Technology ......................................................................................................................... 23 Buildings and Grounds ........................................................................................................................... 23 Engineering and Legal Services .............................................................................................................. 23 Health and Welfare Functions ................................................................................................................. 23 Road Commission and Road Services ...................................................................................................... 23 Drain Commissioner ............................................................................................................................... 24 Public Safety Services ....................................................................................................................24
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