VARTAMAN UTTAR BHARTIYA SASHTRIYA SANGEET KE PARIPEKSH MAIN TANSEN KA ITIVRAT AUR UNKI PRAPT RACHNAON KA SWAROOP – EK VISHLESHANATMAK ADHYAYAN A Thesis Submitted for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) In Music - Vocal GUIDE: RESEARCHER : Dr. Ashwinikumar Singh Ms. Surekha Rani H.O.D. Dean Pandit Ishwarchandra Dr. Prof. Parul Shah Vocal and Tabla Registration No: 155 Date of Registration: 2/11/2007 Department of Indian Classical Music (Vocal - Tabla) Faculty of Performing Arts The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda Vadodara – 390002 August – 2013. I CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION I hereby declare that the work incorporated in the present thesis is original and has not been submitted to any other University/Institute for the award of any Diploma or Degree. I further declare that the result presented in the thesis, considerations may therein contributed in general to the advancement of particular to the knowledge in Indian Classical Music in particular to the “Vartman Uttar Bhartiya Shastriya Sangeet Ke Paripeksh Main Tansen KaItivrat Aur Unki Prapt Rachnaon Ka Swaroop-Ek Vishleshnatmak Adhayayan.” Signature of the Candidate Surekha Rani Place: Vadodara Date: II CERTIFICATE BY THE GUIDE This is to certify that Ms. Surekha Rani has completed her doctoral study titled “Vartman Uttar Bhartiya Shastriya Sangeet Ke Paripeksh Main Tansen KaItivrat Aur Unki Prapt Rachnaon Ka Swaroop - Ek Vishleshnatmak Adhyayan” under my guidance. Thisis the original research work submitted to The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Music (Vocal) . I, further certify that the work has not been submitted either partly or fully to any other University or Institution for the award of any degree. Signature of the Guide Dr. Ashwini Kumar Singh Place: Vadodara Date: III ACKNOWLEDGEMENT It feels proud to write an ‘acknowledgement’, for more than any else it marks the contribution and support of in numerous entities. I would like to put on record my sincere thanks to all who stood by me during the period of this research work and have directly or indirectly made it possible for me to complete this research work. First and foremost I would like to express my deep sense of gratitude to my research guide, Dr. Ashwini Kumar Singh Department of Vocal (music), Faculty of Performing Arts, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, for providing me the opportunity to undertake a research work under his guidance. This effort was possible only because of the unconditional support provided by him. A person with an amicable and position disposition, Sir has always made himself available to clarify my doubts despite his busy schedules and I consider it as a great opportunity to do my doctoral programme under his guidance and to learn from his research expertise. Thank you Sir, for all your kind help and great support. His excellent guidance throughout the progress of this work, his ingenuity, constant encouragement and interest in the subject proved to be a constant source of inspiration for me. His motivation, affection and caring nature during the entire research work. I would like to express my gratitude to my earlier guide Late Prof. Dr. Shrikant Lakshman Chaturvedi who gave me the opportunity to do research on this topic. He provided sound advice, excellent teaching, keen knowledge and lots of innovative ideas during my course. I express my indebtedness to Dean Dr. Parul Shah, Department of Dance Faculty of performing Arts, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, for her academic and administrative support. I am extremely grateful to the Head and former Dean Pandit Ishwar Chander, Department of Vocal (music), Faculty of Performing Arts, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, for his kind support, encouragement and appreciations of my skills. IV I am extremely obliged to Pt. Yash Paul Sharma from Chandigarh, for his guidance and providing me the books related to my research work. I am grateful to the Librarians of, the Faculty of Performing Arts, as well as, the Hansa Mehta Library and non-teaching staff of Faculty of Performing Arts, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, for their full cooperation during my research work. I would like to acknowledge Pushkar Sir, Department of Tabla, Faculty of Performing Arts, for his kind support. I also want to thank Rajesh Kelkar Sir, Department of Vocal, Faculty of Performing Arts, for his motivation and guidance during my research work. My enormous gratitude to Dr. Madhuri Singh for her guidance, motivation and affection, during this great venture of my career. I would also like to acknowledge Vishal Graphics, Kanubhai, Virendra, Trilokji and Subhash Shinde for their cooperation, kind support and help. I express my immense thanks to my dearest friends Tara Nair and Priyanka Chopra Arora for their constant push and concern about my research. Special thanks to my friend Tara Nair for her help and suggestions during the submission of my Synopsis. I would also like thank to my hostel mates Tara Nair, Priyanka Chopra Arora, Aditi Gupta, Shilpa Gupta, Updesh Kour, Eesha Thakur, Minasree Borgohain , Shagufta Noor and my roommate Lata Manhasfor their boosting words, favours and love. I would like to extend my sincerest thanks and appreciation to my in-laws, my mother-in-law Mrs. Geeta Mehra, brother-in-law Mr. Vishal Mehra, Vinay, Sister-in- law Mrs. Alka Mehra for their cooperation, love, providing constant support and trust. I would also like to thank my Aunt Mrs. Darshana Mehra Pal and Uncle Mr. J.K. Pal for their unconditional love and support. I would also like to thank my Aunt Mrs. Kailash Mehra Sadhu, H.O.D. Music, in Jammu University, for her professional and personal guidance in my research work and also thank to her family members for their love and support. V Words fall short to express my everlasting love for my mother Smt. Champa Khadotra and my father Late Er. Kuldeep Raj Khadotra for giving me life in the first place, for educating me and providing infinite support and encouragement to pursue my interest even when they stretched beyond the means. Without my mom and dad’s tender loving care, constant encouragement, their boosting words and trust on me, this thesis would have never seen the light of the day. They were always there to meet and talk about my ideas. Their presence motivated me to be persistent to accomplish my goal. My father passed away during my research work but he always feels proud on me. Thank you for all that Daddy. I miss you so much. After Dad’s death the biggest of all the giants is my MOM, who I cannot thank enough for the support she has given me, the constant encouragement she provides and for always being there for me. I am so fortunate to have a champion like you, who is supportive and motivating in equal measures like DAD. My head bows in gratitude to them. Alongside my Mom there is my sister Nitasha, my brother Ranjeet Singh Khadotra and my sister-in-law Neelu Bhagat, whom I thanks for showing their support, trust and affection towards me. Thank you brother for encouraging me to choose Music as my subject. I would also like to thank my niece Twinkle, and nephews Sarthak, Heman, Sunny and Manny for keeping me lively throughout my research work. Above and beyond all my exceptional thanks to my dearest husband Mr. Dinesh Mehra for believing in me, his inspiration, moral support, patience and guidance provided at every stage of the research work. I truly thank Dinesh for sticking by my side even when I was irritable and depressed. I feel that what we both learned a lot about life and strengthened our commitment and determination to each other and to live life to the fullest. This thesis would not have been possible without the confidence, endurance and support of my Husband. Thank you dear for your love and being with me all through. About all, I am thankful to almighty GOD for granting me the wisdom, health and strength to undertake this research task and enabling me to its completion. Surekha Rani VI ½çrÓ Ïý¢â ½çrÓ ãÕwÇç ½çrÓ ÊëÕâë ÑÚëSÕÓâðÑÚëSÕÓâðóóóó ½çrÓ ÖâÜâÈÖâÜâÈzzzz ÍÓÍÓÍÓïÍÓ ïïï Ïý¢â ÈsÑÈsÑìììì Ùä ½ç½çÓÓÓÓÕëÕë ÌÑðÌÑðóóóóóóóó VII Dedicated to My Family and My Husband VIII LIST OF CONTENT Page Sr. No. Content No. 1. Declaration of Candidate I 2. Certificate by Guide II 3. Acknowledgement III-V 4. Sholk VI 5. Dedication VII 6. Photo of Tansen VIII 7. List of Photos - Description of Photo 1. Main gate of Tansen Samark Behat 10 2. Tansen’s Aradhna Sthal Jhilmilnath Temple Behat 11 3. Tansen’s Aradhna Sthal Jhilmilnath Temple Behat 11 4. Tansen’s Samadhi Sthal Gwalior 14 5. Tansen’s Samadhi Sthal Gwalior 14 6. Tomb of Sheikh Muhammed Gous 18 7. Akbar & Tansen Visit Swami Haridas at 20 Vrindavan 8. Musician Poet Tansen 70 9. Ragmala Painting of Raga Vasant 178 10. Ragmala Painting of Raga Shree 181 11. Ragmala Painting of Raga Asawari 184 12. Painting of Raga Megh 189 13. Ragmala Painting of Raga Todi 193 14. Ragmala Painting of Raga Miyan ki Sarang 195 IX LIST OF CONTENT Chapter -1 Musical Background and Education of Tansen 1.0 Introduction 1-2 1.1 The family Introduction of Tansen 2-6 1.1 Birth of Place of Tansen 6-10 1.1.2 Tansen’s Date of Birth 12-15 1.2 Music Teacher of Tansen 15-17 1.2.1 Peer Muhammad Gous 17-19 1.2.2. Swami Haridas 19-21 1.2.3. Govind Swami 21-22 1.2.4 Makarand 23 1.2.5 Mohammad Adi Shah Adali(1549-1556 A.D.) 23-24 1.2.6.