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Collaborative Management Models in Africa
Collaborative Management Models in Africa Peter Lindsey Mujon Baghai Introduction to the context behind the development of and rationale for CMPs in Africa Africa’s PAs represent potentially priceless assets due to the environmental services they provide and for their potential economic value via tourism However, the resources allocated for management of PAs are far below what is needed in most countries to unlock their potential A study in progress indicates that of 22 countries assessed, half have average PA management budgets of <10% of what is needed for effective management (Lindsey et al. in prep) This means that many countries will lose their wildlife assets before ever really being able to benefit from them So why is there such under-investment? Two big reasons - a) competing needs and overall budget shortages; b) a high burden of PAs relative to wealth However, in some cases underinvestment may be due to: ● Misconceptions that PAs can pay for themselves on a park level ● Lack of appreciation among policy makers that PAs need investment to yield economic dividends This mistake has grave consequences… This means that in most countries, PA networks are not close to delivering their potential: • Economic value • Social value • Ecological value Africa’s PAs are under growing pressure from an array of threats Ed Sayer ProtectedInsights areas fromare becoming recent rapidly research depleted in many areas There is a case for elevated support for Africa’s PA network from African governments But also a case for greater investment from -
Country Profile Republic of Zambia Giraffe Conservation Status Report
Country Profile Republic of Zambia Giraffe Conservation Status Report Sub-region: Southern Africa General statistics Size of country: 752,614 km² Size of protected areas / percentage protected area coverage: 30% (Sub)species Thornicroft’s giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis thornicrofti) Angolan giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis angolensis) – possible South African giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis giraffa) – possible Conservation Status IUCN Red List (IUCN 2012): Giraffa camelopardalis (as a species) – least concern G. c. thornicrofti – not assessed G. c. angolensis – not assessed G. c. giraffa – not assessed In the Republic of Zambia: The Zambia Wildlife Authority (ZAWA) is mandated under the Zambia Wildlife Act No. 12 of 1998 to manage and conserve Zambia’s wildlife and under this same act, the hunting of giraffe in Zambia is illegal (ZAWA 2015). Zambia has the second largest proportion of land under protected status in Southern Africa with approximately 225,000 km2 designated as protected areas. This equates to approximately 30% of the total land cover and of this, approximately 8% as National Parks (NPs) and 22% as Game Management Areas (GMA). The remaining protected land consists of bird sanctuaries, game ranches, forest and botanical reserves, and national heritage sites (Mwanza 2006). The Kavango Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area (KAZA TFCA), is potentially the world’s largest conservation area, spanning five southern African countries; Angola, Botswana, Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe, centred around the Caprivi-Chobe-Victoria Falls area (KAZA 2015). Parks within Zambia that fall under KAZA are: Liuwa Plain, Kafue, Mosi-oa-Tunya and Sioma Ngwezi (Peace Parks Foundation 2013). GCF is dedicated to securing a future for all giraffe populations and (sub)species in the wild. -
African Parks 2 African Parks
African Parks 2 African Parks African Parks is a non-profit conservation organisation that takes on the total responsibility for the rehabilitation and long-term management of national parks in partnership with governments and local communities. By adopting a business approach to conservation, supported by donor funding, we aim to rehabilitate each park making them ecologically, socially and financially sustainable in the long-term. Founded in 2000, African Parks currently has 15 parks under management in nine countries – Benin, Central African Republic, Chad, the Democratic Republic of Congo, the Republic of Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda and Zambia. More than 10.5 million hectares are under our protection. We also maintain a strong focus on economic development and poverty alleviation in neighbouring communities, ensuring that they benefit from the park’s existence. Our goal is to manage 20 parks by 2020, and because of the geographic spread and representation of different ecosystems, this will be the largest and the most ecologically diverse portfolio of parks under management by any one organisation across Africa. Black lechwe in Bangweulu Wetlands in Zambia © Lorenz Fischer The Challenge The world’s wild and functioning ecosystems are fundamental to the survival of both people and wildlife. We are in the midst of a global conservation crisis resulting in the catastrophic loss of wildlife and wild places. Protected areas are facing a critical period where the number of well-managed parks is fast declining, and many are simply ‘paper parks’ – they exist on maps but in reality have disappeared. The driving forces of this conservation crisis is the human demand for: 1. -
Bangweulu Hunting Memo Who: This Brief Document Is for the Public
Bangweulu Hunting Memo Who: This brief document is for the public (to be placed on our website), key donors and partners who have a stake or vested interested in sustainable use of wildlife resources. Background Bangweulu Wetlands is a vast wetland ecosystem that is situated in north-eastern Zambia, covering an area of 6,000 km2. Bangweulu is unique in that it is a Game Management Area (GMA) and a community- owned protected wetland, home to 50,000 people who retain the right to sustainably harvest its natural resources and who depend on the natural resources the park provides. These wetlands and the adjoining lake Bangweulu are biologically significant. The area has been declared a RAMSAR site and contains diverse flora and fauna, including more than 433 bird species. The GMA encompasses most of the distribution of the endemic black lechwe antelope, as well as several other iconic species unique to the area, including the shoebill stork, and remnant elephant and buffalo populations. This landscape has been managed by the Bangweulu Wetlands Management Board (BWMB) since 2008. The Board is a partnership between conservation organisation African Parks, the Zambia Department of National Parks and Wildlife (DNPW), as well as six Community Resource Boards associated with each Chiefdom. The mission of BWMB is to restore the functioning of the Bangweulu ecosystem, a critical wetland habitat of rich biodiversity that provides socio-economic benefits to the local communities. Prior to the partnership with African Parks, rampant poaching and unrestricted fishing had depleted the area’s natural resources, including the black lechwe population. -
Private Governance of Protected Areas in Africa: Case Studies, Lessons Learnt and Conditions of Success
Program on African Protected Areas & Conservation (PAPACO) PAPACO study 19 Private governance of protected areas in Africa: case studies, lessons learnt and conditions of success @B. Chataigner Sue Stolton and Nigel Dudley Equilibrium Research & IIED Equilibrium Research offers practical solutions to conservation challenges, from concept, to implementation, to evaluation of impact. With partners ranging from local communities to UN agencies across the world, we explore and develop approaches to natural resource management that balance the needs of nature and people. We see biodiversity conservation as an ethical necessity, which can also support human wellbeing. We run our own portfolio of projects and offer personalised consultancy. Prepared for: IIED under contract to IUCN EARO Reproduction: This publication may be reproduced for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission, provided acknowledgement to the source is made. No use of this publication may be made for resale or any other commercial purpose without permission in writing from Equilibrium Research. Citation: Stolton, S and N Dudley (2015). Private governance of protected areas in Africa: Cases studies, lessons learnt and conditions of success. Bristol, UK, Equilibrium Research and London, UK, IIED Cover: Private conservancies in Namibia and Kenya © Equilibrium Research Contact: Equilibrium Research, 47 The Quays Cumberland Road, Spike Island Bristol, BS1 6UQ, UK Telephone: +44 [0]117-925-5393 www.equilibriumconsultants.com Page | 2 Contents 1. Executive summary -
Detection of Babesia Spp. in Free-Ranging Pukus, Kobus Vardonii, on a Game Ranch in Zambia
ISSN (Print) 0023-4001 ISSN (Online) 1738-0006 Korean J Parasitol Vol. 49, No. 4: 437-440, December 2011 ▣ BRIEF COMMUNICATION http://dx.doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2011.49.4.437 Detection of Babesia spp. in Free-Ranging Pukus, Kobus vardonii, on a Game Ranch in Zambia 1, 2 2 3 Hetron Mweemba Munang’andu *, Musso Munyeme , Andrew Mubila Nambota , King Shimumbo Nalubamba and Victor M. Siamudaala4 1Norwegian School of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Section of Aquatic Medicine and Nutrition, P.O. Box 8146 Dep NO-033, Oslo, Norway; 2Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia; 3Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia; 4Kavango Transfrontier Wild Animal, Gaborone, Botswana Abstract: Babesia spp. were detected from 4 asymptomatic pukus captured on a game ranch in central Zambia in Octo- ber 2008. Blood smears were examined in 4 species of aymptomatic free-ranging antelopes, namely the puku (Kobus vor danii), reedbuck (Redunca arundinum), bushbuck (Tragelaphus sylvaticus), and kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros), and showed the presence of Babesia parasites only in the puku. In the puku, the prevalence of babesiosis was estimated at 33.3% (n=12), while the overall prevalence in all examined animals was 8.5% (n=47). The parasites showed morphologi- cal characteristics of paired ring-like stages with the length varying between 1.61 µm and 3.02 µm (mean=2.12 µm, n= 27; SD=0.76 µm). Both the infected and non-infected pukus showed good body condition scores (BCS), while the domi- nant tick species detected from all animals were Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, Rhipicephalus spp., and Boophilus spp. -
Zambia's Great Migrations
ZAMBIA’S GREAT MIGRATIONS November 5 - 19, 2021 | 14 Days | Small Group Adventure MAP NOT TO SCALE KASANAKA NATIONAL PARK Expedition Highlights SOUTH LUANGWA NATIONAL PARK Mfuwe • Join this brand-new itinerary, ZAMBIA designed and led by renowned wildlife LIUWA photographer and guide, Lex Hes. NATIONAL PARK Lusaka • Witness Africa’s second-largest Sussi & Chuma wildebeest migration in Liuwa Livingstone Lodge National Park. • View the world’s largest mammal migration in Kasanka National Park, To Johannesburg where 10 million straw-colored fruit bats gather each year to feed. • Search for Africa’s highest concentration of leopards in South Luangwa National Park—their rasping calls during night safaris create an otherworldly experience. • Stay at luxurious camps located in prime wildlife-viewing areas. • Itinerary .................................... page 2 > • Flight Information ...................... page 3 > • Meet Your Leader ..................... page 4 > • Rates ........................................ page 4 > VICTORIA FALLS • Know Before You Go ................. page 4 > STRAW-COLORED KING LEWANIKA LODGE FRUIT BATS guided walks to seek out more elusive creatures such as wild Itinerary dogs and honey badgers. This region is also home to more than 300 recorded bird species. Based on the expeditionary nature of our trips, there may be ongoing enhancements to this itinerary. Wednesday, November 10 LIUWA NATIONAL PARK / KASANKA NATIONAL PARK Friday, November 5, 2021 This morning, board our charter flight to Kasanka National DEPART USA Park and check in to your lake-view chalet at Wasa Lodge. Board your independent flight to Zambia. Thursday & Friday, November 11 & 12 Saturday, November 6 KASANKA NATIONAL PARK LUSAKA, ZAMBIA Every year, from October to December, 10 million straw- Arrive in Lusaka and transfer to Latitude 15 Lusaka for colored fruit bats descend on Kasanka in the world’s largest overnight. -
Closing the Gap. Financing and Resourcing of Protected And
Closing the gap Financing and resourcing of protected and conserved areas in Eastern and Southern Africa INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE - BIOPAMA PROGRAMME Financing and resourcing of protected and conserved areas in Eastern and Southern Africa Closing the gap Financing and resourcing of protected and conserved areas in Eastern and Southern Africa I Closing the gap The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN [**or other participating organisations] concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union, the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Group of States, IUCN or other participating organisations. IUCN is pleased to acknowledge the support for this publication produced under the Biodiversity and Protected Areas Management (BIOPAMA) Programme, an initiative of the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Group of States financed by the 11th European Development Fund (EDF) of the European Union. BIOPAMA is jointly implemented by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission. IUCN acknowledges Conservation Capital for providing substantive content to this report. Published by: IUCN Regional Office for Eastern and Southern Africa, in collaboration with the Biodiversity and Protected Areas Management (BIOPAMA) Programme Copyright: © 2020 IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorised without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. -
Changes in Surface Water Drive the Movements of Shoebills
1 Changes in surface water drive the movements of Shoebills 2 3 Marta Acácio1*, Ralf H. E. Mullers2,3, Aldina M. A. Franco1, Frank J. Willems4,5 & Arjun Amar3 4 5 1School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, NR4 7TJ Norwich, UK 6 2 Animal Management, Van Hall Larenstein, University of Applied Sciences, Agora 1, 8934 CJ 7 Leeuwarden, the Netherlands 8 3 FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape 9 Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7701, South Africa 10 4 Kigelia Solutions, Chisamba Park, Box 12, Fringilla, Zambia 11 5 BirdWatch Zambia, 25 Joseph Mwilwa Rd, Lusaka, Zambia 12 13 *Corresponding author: Marta Acácio [email protected] 14 15 16 17 18 19 1 20 Abstract 21 Animal movement is mainly determined by spatial and temporal changes in resource 22 availability. For wetland specialists, the seasonal availability of surface water may be a major 23 determinant of their movement patterns. This study is the first to examine the movements of 24 Shoebills (Balaeniceps rex), an iconic and vulnerable bird species. Using GPS transmitters 25 deployed on 6 immature and 1 adult Shoebills over a 5-year period, during which 4 immatures 26 matured into adults, we analyse their home ranges and distances moved in the Bangweulu 27 Wetlands, Zambia. We relate their movements at the start of the rainy season (October to 28 December) to changes in Normalised Difference Water Index (NDWI), a proxy for surface 29 water. We show that Shoebills stay in the Bangweulu Wetlands all year round, moving less than 30 3 km per day on 81% of days. -
Changes in Surface Water Drive the Movements of Shoebills Marta Acácio1*, Ralf H
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Changes in surface water drive the movements of Shoebills Marta Acácio1*, Ralf H. E. Mullers2,3, Aldina M. A. Franco1, Frank J. Willems4,5 & Arjun Amar3 Animal movement is mainly determined by spatial and temporal changes in resource availability. For wetland specialists, the seasonal availability of surface water may be a major determinant of their movement patterns. This study is the frst to examine the movements of Shoebills (Balaeniceps rex), an iconic and vulnerable bird species. Using GPS transmitters deployed on six immature and one adult Shoebills over a 5-year period, during which four immatures matured into adults, we analyse their home ranges and distances moved in the Bangweulu Wetlands, Zambia. We relate their movements at the start of the rainy season (October to December) to changes in Normalized Diference Water Index (NDWI), a proxy for surface water. We show that Shoebills stay in the Bangweulu Wetlands all year round, moving less than 3 km per day on 81% of days. However, average annual home ranges were large, with high individual variability, but were similar between age classes. Immature and adult Shoebills responded diferently to changes in surface water; sites that adults abandoned became drier, while sites abandoned by immatures became wetter. However, there were no diferences in NDWI of areas used by Shoebills before abandonment and newly selected sites, suggesting that Shoebills select areas with similar surface water. We hypothesise that the diferent responses to changes in surface water by immature and adult Shoebills are related to age-specifc optimal foraging conditions and fshing techniques. -
Group/Company Template
African Parks Network (Non-profit company) (Registration number: 2007/030803/08) Consolidated and separate annual financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2020 The consolidated and separate financial statements of African Parks Network have been audited in accordance with the Companies Act of South Africa Ayesha Jackaria, Finance and Administration Director CA (SA), and Kudakwashe Masiya, Senior Financial Account CA (SA), were responsible for the preparation of the consolidated and separate financial statements African Parks Network (Non-profit company) (Registration number: 2007/030803/08) Consolidated and separate annual Financial Statements For the year ended 31 December 2020 Contents Page Directors’ report 2 – 4 Independent auditor’s report 5 – 7 Statements of financial position 8 Statements of comprehensive income 9 Statements of changes in equity 10 – 11 Statements of cash flows 12 Notes to the consolidated and separate financial statements 13 – 41 1 African Parks Network (Non-profit company) (Registration number: 2007/030803/08) Directors’ report for the year ended 31 December 2020 The consolidated and separate financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2020 comprise the company, its subsidiaries and special purpose entities (collectively referred to as “the group”). The directors have pleasure in presenting their report on the activities of the company and the group for the year ended 31 December 2020. General African Parks is a non-profit conservation organisation that takes on the complete responsibility for the rehabilitation and long-term management of national parks in partnership with governments and local communities. The following parks are registered as legal entities with African Parks Network exercising majority control either through majority share ownership or board control: African Parks Majete Limited (99,98%), African Parks Zambia Limited (70%), Akagera Management Company Limited (51%), African Parks (Malawi) Limited, Nyungwe Management Company Ltd (100%), Bangweulu Wetlands Management Reserve. -
Appendix 1 Vernacular Names
Appendix 1 Vernacular Names The vernacular names listed below have been collected from the literature. Few have phonetic spellings. Spelling is not helped by the difficulties of transcribing unwritten languages into European syllables and Roman script. Some languages have several names for the same species. Further complications arise from the various dialects and corruptions within a language, and use of names borrowed from other languages. Where the people are bilingual the person recording the name may fail to check which language it comes from. For example, in northern Sahel where Arabic is the lingua franca, the recorded names, supposedly Arabic, include a number from local languages. Sometimes the same name may be used for several species. For example, kiri is the Susu name for both Adansonia digitata and Drypetes afzelii. There is nothing unusual about such complications. For example, Grigson (1955) cites 52 English synonyms for the common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) in the British Isles, and also mentions several examples of the same vernacular name applying to different species. Even Theophrastus in c. 300 BC complained that there were three plants called strykhnos, which were edible, soporific or hallucinogenic (Hort 1916). Languages and history are linked and it is hoped that understanding how lan- guages spread will lead to the discovery of the historical origins of some of the vernacular names for the baobab. The classification followed here is that of Gordon (2005) updated and edited by Blench (2005, personal communication). Alternative family names are shown in square brackets, dialects in parenthesis. Superscript Arabic numbers refer to references to the vernacular names; Roman numbers refer to further information in Section 4.