DIVERSITY OF FOR ECOTOURISM ATTRACTIONS IN THE MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM OF NATURE CONSERVATION FORUM PUTRI MENJANGAN, PEJARAKAN, BULELENG BALI. I Ketut Ginantra, I Ketut Muksin dan Martin Joni Biology Study Program, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Udayana University Bali- email: [email protected] Introduction Mangrove forest in the coastal area of Pejarakan Village, Some foraging for food on the mudflats, including Charadrius javanicus, which covers 160 hectares, is managed by the Nature Conservation Forum (NCF) Himantopus himantoups, birds observed foraging in water including Egretta Putri menjangan. Management of the area includes mangrove conservation intermedia and Egretta garzetta (Figure 2). Observed activity and habitat use efforts and development of educational tourism/ecotourism (Riyastini, 2015; NCF by birds is an interesting attraction for ecotourism activities Putri Menjangan, 2016). (birdwatching) The diversity of birds that interact with mangrove ecosystems and habitat use by species for ecotourism attractions in NCF Putri Menjangan. So as to support these activities, it is necessary to identify bird species diversity. Research Methods Mangrove area of Pejarakan village, Buleleng Regency (Figure 1).

Blekok Sawah Ardeola speciosa Kuntul Putih Besar Egretta alba Javan pond Heron Great Egret

Figure 1. Map of Research Locations Identification of Bird species based on morphological characteristics (MacKinnon et al., 2010). Determination of bird abundance using “point count method” (Bibby et al., 2000).The parameters observed at each “point Gagang bayem timur Himantopus himantoups Krik-krik laut/senja Merops leschenaulti count “are the number of species and the number of individual birds. Bird activity in Black-einged stilt Chestnut-headed Bee-eater the habitat was observed with the “Ad Libitum Sampling method”, which records all n bird activities found in each mangrove ecosystem location (Altmant, 1974). The diversity of bird species is calculated by the Shanon-Wiener diversity index (Stilling, 1996). Results and Discussion The results of the study in the Putri Menjangan mangrove area found Madu Kuning Sriganti Nectarinia jugularis Cekakak suci Halcyon sancta 39 species of birds. overall, the diversity of bird species is included in the high category Olive-backed Sunbird Sacred Kingfisher (index 3.09). In each zoning the mangrove forest shows a variety of diversity. The mangrove central zone is showing the most diversity of bird species (Table 1). Some species of birds found in the three zoning are Flyeater (Gerygone sulphurea), Collared Kingfisher (Halcyon chloris), White-bellied Swiftlet (Collocalia esculenta), Javan Pond Heron (Ardeola speciosa), little egrets (Egretta garzetta), Spotted Dove (Streptopelia chinensis), Olive-backed Sunbird (Nectarinia jugularis), Yellow Vented Bulbul (Pycnonotus goiaver) and Litle tern (Sterna albifrons). Dara laut Sterna albifrons Kokokan laut Botorides striatus Litle Tern Little heron Table 1. Bird diversity in eachScientificmangrove Name forest zoningImportant value of species in the zone English Name No Exposed mangrove Central mangrove Landward mangrove Figure 2. Several species of birds, with activities 1 Flyeater Gerygone sulphurea 5,34 13,79 10,77 2 Common Iora Aegithina tiphia 5,34 - 12,46 3 Small Blue Kingfisher Alcedo caerulescens 11,37 - - 4 Collared Kingfisher Halcyon chloris 11,36 9,77 6,95 Conclusion 5 Sacred Kingfisher Halcyon sancta - 2,87 - 6 White-bellied Swiftlet Collocalia esculenta 44,90 37,39 34,90 1. In the mangrove area of the NCF Putri Menjangan found 39 species of birds 7 Javan Pond Heron Ardeola speciosa 6,68 4,60 3,13 8 Grey Heron Ardea cinerea 2,67 - - 2. Activity and habitat use by interesting birds for ecotourism attractions 9 Great-billed Heron Ardea sumatrana - 2,30 - 10 Little Heron Botorides striatus - 2,30 - . 11 Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax - 2,30 - Acknowledgments 12 Pacific Reef-egret Egretta sacra - 2,30 - 13 Little Egret Egretta garzetta 11,36 2,30 9,39 14 Plumed Egret Egretta intermedia 3,24 - - Thank you to the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural 15 Great egrat Egretta alba 2,58 - - 16 White-breasted woodswallo Artamus leucorynchus - 2,87 7,64 Sciences and Research and Community Service, Udayana University for funding this 17 Pied nigra 14,03 2,87 3,82 research. Thanks to Mr. Gatot, A.A Bagus Adi, M. Fathur Rozi and Yeyen who have 18 White-shouldered Triller Lalage sueurii - - 3,82 19 Savanna Nightjar Caprimulgus affinis - - 3,82 helped in the survey and sample collection in the field . 20 Javan Plover Charadrius javanicus - 3,45 4,51 21 Bar-winged Prinia Prinia familiaris - - 3,82 22 Peaceful Dove Geopelia striata 6,68 5,75 4,51 23 Pink-necked Green Pigeon Treron vernans - 10,92 4,51 Bibliography 24 Spotted Turtle Dove Streptopelia chinensis 2,67 3,45 3,13 25 Scarlet-headed Flowerpecker Dicaeum trochileum 5,34 - - Altmann J. 1974. Observational of Behavior, Sampling Methods Behavior. 49:227- 26 Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocercus - 2,30 - 27 Scaly-breasted Munia Lonchura punctulata 9,38 - 21,43 267 28 Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica - 5,75 - 29 Long-tailed Shrike Lanius schach 2,67 - 3,13 Bibby, C., M. Jones dan S. Marsden. 2000. Teknik-teknik Ekspedisi Lapangan: 30 Chestnut-headed Bee-eater Merops leschenaulti - - 3,13 Survey Burung. Terjemahan S.N.Kartikasari dan Jeni Shannas. Bird Life 31 Olive-backed Sunbird Nectarinia jugularis 11,37 25,29 11,08 32 Yellow Vented Bulbul Pycnonotus goiaver 17,40 23,56 14,21 International-Indonesia Programme. Bogor. 33 sooty headed-bulbul Pycnonotus aurigaster 9,36 7,47 - 34 White-breasted Waterhen Amaurornis phoenicurus - - 3,13 MacKinnon, J., K. Phillips dan B. van Ballen. 2010. Burung-burung di Sumatera, 35 Black-einged stilt Himantopus himantoups 6.03 - 8,33 36 Pied Fantail Rhipidura javanica - 13,22 10,77 Jawa, Bali dan Kalimantan (Termasuk Sabah, Sarawak dan Darussalam) 37 Common sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos 4,01 2,30 - [LIPI-Seri Panduan Lapangan]. Bogor: Puslitbang Biologi-LIPI. 38 Litle tern Sterna albifrons 12,04 6,32 7,64 39 Mangrove white-eye Zosterops chloris - 2,30 - NCF Putri Menjangan. 2016. Profil NCF Putri Menjangan Bali, Indonesia. Desa Diversity index in zone (H) 2,79 2,90 2,84 Pejarakan. Tidak dipublikasi. The birds use mangrove vegetation to perch, foraging. Flying activities while Riyastini, I.A.P 2015. Valuasi Ekonomi Mangrove Desa Pejarakan, Kecamatan catching insects above the vegetation are found in many species incuding Gerokgak, Kabupaten Buleleng. Dinas Kelautan Dan Perikanan Provinsi Bali Collocalia esculenta, Pycnonotus goiaver. Mudflat and tide in habitat mangroves Stiling, P. 1996. Ecology, Theories and Aplications. Prentice Hall International Inc. are used by birds for foraging activities. New Jersey.