DOCSLIB.ORG

2017 Carroll County Water & Sewer

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
2017 Carroll County Water & Sewer ResolutionsCarroll County Water & Sewer Master Plan Carroll County Water & Sewer Master Plan Adopted by Board of County Commissioners 1 February 21, 2019 Triennial Update Carroll County Water & Sewer Master Plan Triennial Update Copies of the Carroll County Water & Sewer Master Plan are available… In hardcopy or on CD at: Carroll County Department of Planning 225 North Center Street, Suite 106 Westminster, Maryland 21157 Online (text and maps) at: http://ccgovernment.carr.org/ccg/plan/w-splan/default.asp For additional information, contact the Carroll County Department of Planning: By phone: 410-386-5145 By e-mail: [email protected] ACCESSIBILITY NOTICE: The Americans With Disabilities Act applies to the Carroll County Government and its programs, services, activities, and facilities. Anyone requiring an auxiliary aid or service for effective communication or who has a complaint should contact The Department of Citizen Services, 410-386-3600 or 1-888-302-8978, or MD Relay at 7-1-1/800-735-2258. The mailing address is: 10 Distillery Drive, First Floor, Suite 101, Westminster, MD 21157. Triennial Update Carroll County Water & Sewer Master Plan Table of Contents i TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER ONE: Countywide Planning Context ............................................................... 3 Section I: General Characteristics .............................................................................................................. 3 Section II: Physical Features ...................................................................................................................... 5 Section III: Population ................................................................................................................................. 9 Section IV: County Planning, Policies, Regulations, and Procedures ................................................... 11 CHAPTER TWO: Water and Sewer Planning in General ............................................... 21 Section I: Purpose and Goals ................................................................................................................... 21 Map 8 Map 9 Section II: Organization and Management of Community Facilities .............................. 24 Section III: Water- and Sewer–Related Policies ...................................................................................... 31 CHAPTER THREE: Water Supply Facilities .................................................................... 34 Section I: Groundwater ............................................................................................................................ 34 Section II: Surface Water ......................................................................................................................... 36 Section III: Existing and Proposed Water Facilities by Service Area ..................................................... 39 Regional Facilities ..................................................................................................................... 39 Section IV: Existing and Proposed Water Facilities by Service Area ..................................................... 40 Bark Hill Water Service Area .................................................................................................................... 40 Freedom Water Service Area ................................................................................................... 43 Hampstead Water Service Area ............................................................................................... 48 Manchester Water Service Area .............................................................................................. 53 Projected Water Supply Demands and Projected Capacity ................................................... 93 Section V: Unincorporated Water Supply................................................................................................ 94 CHAPTER FOUR: Sewer Facilities ................................................................................. 99 Section I: General Sewage Disposal ....................................................................................................... 99 Section II: Existing and Proposed Sewer Facilities by Service Area .................................................... 100 Freedom Sewer Service Area ................................................................................................. 102 Hampstead Sewer Service Area ............................................................................................ 109 Manchester Sewer Service Area ............................................................................................ 117 Mount Airy Sewer Service Area .............................................................................................. 123 Pleasant Valley Sewer Service Area ...................................................................................... 133 Taneytown Sewer Service Area .............................................................................................. 136 Union Bridge Sewer Service Area .......................................................................................... 141 Projected Sewer Supply Demands and Projected Capacity ................................................. 155 Unincorporated Sewer Service Areas .................................................................................... 156 Section III: Financial Management Plan ............................................................................................... 162 APPENDIX 1: Definitions ............................................................................................ 163 APPENDIX 2: Proposed Projects for the Regional Areas ........................................... 166 Using Water Resources Element ............................................................................... 166 APPENDIX 3: Method for Projecting Water Supply and Sewer Demand................... 169 Residential Buildable Land Inventory Table.......................................................................... 172 Commercial and Industrial Buildable Land Inventory Tables .............................................. 173 Appendix 4: Procedure for Obtaining Water or Sewer Extension ............................. 181 APPENDIX 5: Procedure for Water & Sewer Master Plan Amendments ................... 182 APPENDIX 6: Carroll County FY 2019 – 2024 Community Investment Plan ........... 185 (Utilities Enterprise) ................................................................................................... 185 Carroll County Water & Sewer Master Plan Triennial Update ii ii Table of Contents LIST OF MAPS Map 1: Environs Map ..................................................................................................... 4 Map 2: Watershed Boundaries ...................................................................................... 6 Map 3: Soil Map …………………………………………………………………..…….………………………..8 Map 4: Potential Residential Development ................................................................. 10 Map 5: Agricultural Land Preservation Easements ..................................................... 13 Map 6: Carroll County Land Use Designations ............................................................ 14 Map 7: Water Resource Management Area Guidance Map ........................................ 20 Map 8: Planned Water Service Areas .......................................................................... 24 Map 9: Planned Sewer Service Areas .......................................................................... 25 Map 10: High Quality (Tier II) Waters in Carroll County ............................................... 38 Map 11: Bark Hill Water Service Area .......................................................................... 41 Map 12: Freedom Water Service Area ......................................................................... 45 Map 13: Hampstead Water Service Area..................................................................... 49 Map 14: Manchester Water Service Area .................................................................... 54 Map 15: Mount Airy Water Service Area ...................................................................... 59 Map 16: New Windsor Water Service Area .................................................................. 65 Map 17: Pleasant Valley Water Service Area ............................................................... 68 Map 18: Taneytown Water Service Area ...................................................................... 71 Map 19: Union Bridge Water Service Area .................................................................. 76 Map 20: Westminster Water Service Area ................................................................... 81 Map 21: Freedom Sewer Service Area ..................................................................... 103 Map 22: Hampstead Sewer Service Area ................................................................. 112 Map 23: Manchester Sewer Service Area ................................................................. 118 Map 24: Mount Airy Sewer Service Area ................................................................... 124 Map 25: New Windsor Sewer Service Area ............................................................... 130 Map 26: Pleasant
Load more

Recommended publications
  • South Branch Patapsco River Watershed Characterization Plan
    South Branch Patapsco River Watershed Characterization Plan Spring 2016 Prepared by Carroll County Bureau of Resource Management South Branch Patapsco Watershed Characterization Plan Table of Contents List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ iv List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. iv List of Appendices .......................................................................................................................... v List of Acronyms ........................................................................................................................... vi I. Characterization Introduction ................................................................................................. 1 A. Purpose of the Characterization ....................................................................................... 1 B. Location and Scale of Analysis ........................................................................................ 1 C. Report Organization ......................................................................................................... 3 II. Natural Characteristics ............................................................................................................ 5 A. Introduction .....................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Trip Schedule NOVEMBER 2013 – FEBRUARY 2014 the Club Is Dependent Upon the Voluntary Trail Policies and Etiquette Cooperation of Those Participating in Its Activities
    Mountain Club of Maryland Trip Schedule NOVEMBER 2013 – FEBRUARY 2014 The Club is dependent upon the voluntary Trail Policies and Etiquette cooperation of those participating in its activities. Observance of the following guidelines will enhance the enjoyment The Mountain Club of Maryland (MCM) is a non-profit organization, of everyone: founded in 1934, whose primary concern is to provide its members and • Register before the deadline. Early registration for overnight or com- guests the opportunity to enjoy nature through hiking and other activi- plicated trips is especially helpful. Leaders may close registration early ties, particularly in the mountainous areas accessible to Baltimore. when necessary to limit the size of the trip. The leader may also refuse We publish a hike and activities schedule, with varieties in location registration to persons who may not be sufficiently strong to stay with and difficulty. We welcome guests to participate in most of our activi- the group. ties. We include some specialized hikes, such as family or nature hikes. • Trips are seldom canceled, even for inclement weather. Check with We help each other, but ultimately everyone is responsible for their the leader when conditions are questionable. If you must cancel, call individual safety and welfare on MCM trips. the leader before he or she leaves for the starting point. Members and We generally charge a guest fee of $2 for non-members. This fee is guests who cancel after trip arrangements have been made are billed waived for members of other Appalachian Trail maintaining clubs. Club for any food or other expenses incurred. members, through their dues, pay the expenses associated with publish- • Arrive early.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 Summer Activity Guide
    SUMMER 2020 PROGRAMS & ACTIVITIES WWW.CCRECPARK.ORG • 410-386-2103 • 300 S. CENTER STREET, WESTMINSTER, MD 21157 WELCOME TO SUMMER WITH RECREATION & PARKS! We are excited to introduce an Activity Guide for the Summer of 2020 full fun programs, activities, ideas and summer-long challenges you can do with your family, or on your own in our parks or at-home in your own back yard! So what are you waiting for... get out, get active, and enjoy the summer! We've missed YOU and can't wait to see you in the parks! - Carroll County Recreation & Parks Staff WHAT’S INSIDE 2 Introduction & Table of Contents 16-21 Rainy Day Activities At-Home with Recreation & Parks 4 Recreation Summer Programs 22 12 Parks to Visit This Summer Map 5-7 Health & Fitness Programs 24-30 Parks Journal 8 Sports Programs 31 Indoor/Outdoor Scavenger Hunts 9 REC'n it in the Park 32 The Answers (for Rainy Day Activities) 10 Adaptive Recreation Programs 34 Information Page 10-11 Bear Branch Nature Center Programs 35 Registration Form 12 Piney Run Nature Center Programs 13-15 93 Days of Summer REGISTRATION Registration for Summer 2020 Programs opens Tuesday, June 16, 2020 . Phone By Mail 410-386-2103, Monday-Friday, 8am-5pm Send completed registration form and a check payable to Carroll County Commissioners to: Online Carroll County Department of Recreation & Parks Visit ccrecpark.org and select “Register Today”. 300 South Center Street Westminster, MD 21157 2 Carroll County Department of Recreation & Parks • Summer 2020 Use #ccrecpark to tag us in your pictures, posts, and videos on social media in July and all summer long! #WEAREPARKSANDREC For more information and to register, visit ccrecpark.org.
    [Show full text]
  • Brochure Design by Communication Design, Inc., Richmond, VA 8267 Main Street Destinations Like Chestertown, Port Deposit, Bel Air, Ellicott City, WASHINGTON, D.C
    BALTIMOREST. P . R ESI . Druid Hill Park . 1 . D UL ST . E ST NT PENNSYLV ANIA PA WATER ST. ARD ST S VERT ST AW T 25 45 147 . EUT SAINT HOW HOPKINS PL LOMBARD ST. CHARLES ST CAL SOUTH ST MARKET PL M ASON AND DIXON LINE S . 83 U Y ST 273 PRATTST. COMMERCE ST GA S NORTH AVE. 1 Q Emmitsburg Greenmount 45 ST. U Cemetery FAWN E 1 H . T S A T H EASTERN AVE. N G USS Constellation I Union Mills L N SHARP ST CONWAYST. A Manchester R Taneytown FLEET ST. AY I Washington Monument/ Camden INNER V 1 E Mt. Vernon Place 97 30 25 95 Station R MONUMENT ST. BROADW HARBOR President Maryland . Street 27 Station LANCASTER ST. Historical Society . ORLEANS ST. ERT ST T . S Y 222 40 LV A Thurmont G Church Home CA Susquehanna Mt. Clare and Hospital KEY HWY Battle Monument 140 BALTIMORE RIOT TRAIL State Park Port Deposit ELKTON Mansion BALTIMORE ST. CHARLES ST (1.6-mile walking tour) 7 LOMBARD ST. Federal Hill James Archer L 77 Birthplace A PRATT ST. Middleburg Patterson P I Old Frederick Road D 40 R Park 138 U M (Loy’s Station) . EASTERN AVE. E R CONWAY ST. D V Mt. Clare Station/ B 137 Hereford CECIL RD ST USS O T. S I VE. FLEET ST. T 84 24 1 A B&O Railroad Museum WA O K TS RIC Constellation Union Bridge N R DE Catoctin S Abbott F 7 E HO FR T. WESTMINSTER A 155 L Monkton Station Furnance LIGH Iron Works L T (Multiple Trail Sites) S 155 RD 327 462 S 31 BUS A Y M 1 Federal O R A E K I Havre de Grace Rodgers R Hill N R S D T 22 Tavern Perryville E 395 BALTIMORE HARFORD H V K E Community Park T I Y 75 Lewistown H New Windsor W Bel Air Court House R R Y 140 30 25 45 146 SUSQUEHANNA O K N BUS FLATS L F 1 OR ABERDEEN E T A VE.
    [Show full text]
  • Carroll County Tourism
    Official Visitors Guide Carroll County Maryland www.CarrollCountyTourism.org Welcome oyful experiences wrapped in time-honoredto Carrolltraditions that celebrate County, America’s great heritageMd are our gift to you. The rolling hills of Carroll County’s countryside are packed with delightful treats Jfor you to discover. Each of our lovely communities offers its own special combination of attractions including rich history, outdoor recreation, arts and culture, fun festivals, delicious dining, antiques and specialty shops, and much more! Here is a quick peek at what you will find around the bend. you’ve been transported to our charming countryside and continue mid-19th century rural life at the Carroll County your Civil War experience with the Roads to Gettysburg Imagine…Farm Museum. Tour the 1852 farmhouse Explore…driving tour. This brochure takes you for a leisurely ride located on 140-acres, with costumed artisans on some of our most scenic back roads while tracing the demonstrating period skills like weaving, movements of over 60,000 Union and Confederate troops broom making, and blacksmithing. Bring a from the southern end of the county up to Gettysburg. picnic – but please don’t share with the farm Visit page 11. animals! Visit page 8. our historic downtown Main Streets. Self- and dine fine… at the guided walking tours offer a fascinating look at historic acclaimed Antrim 1844 Country House Stroll…architecture while you shop for the perfect souvenir or Hotel.Unwind Once a thriving plantation and listed unique gift at a locally owned shop or boutique. Take a in the National Register of Historic Places, break from walking and enjoy breakfast, lunch or dinner owners Dorothy and Richard Mollett have at a variety of restaurants and cafes.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Previous Stream Biological and Habitat Assessments in Loudoun County
    Loudoun County Stream Assessment: Review of Previous Stream Biological and Habitat Assessments in Loudoun County Prepared for Loudoun County Department of Building and Development 1 Harrison St. Leesburg, VA 20175 Prepared by Nancy Roth, Beth Franks, Alexi Boado, Brenda Morgan, and Ginny Rogers Versar, Inc. 9200 Rumsey Road, Suite 100 Columbia, MD 21045 Submitted June 5, 2009 Revised September 25, 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 1-1 2 DATA AND LITERATURE REVIEW .................................................................... 2-1 3 SPECIAL TOPICS .................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 STREAM IMPAIRMENTS ............................................................................. 3-1 3.2 TEMPORAL TRENDS .................................................................................... 3-4 3.3 SPECIFIC STREAM HABITAT PARAMETERS ........................................... 3-7 3.4 STREAM MITIGATION AND MITIGATION BANKING SCORES ........... 3-21 3.5 FISH SURVEYS AND IBI DEVELOPMENT ............................................... 3-22 3.6 LEESBURG USA AND USSR DATA SUMMARY...................................... 3-23 4 REVIEW OF BENTHIC PROTOCOLS, METRICS, AND INDICATORS .......... 4-1 5 INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT ................................................................................ 5-1 6 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to Trail Management
    Appendix D Additional Reference Material Appendix D contains the following reference documents that relate to the Park Authority’s Guide to Trail Management • FCPA Policy 101.3­ Greenways, Including Stream Valleys • FCPA Policy 103.2­ Trails Fairfax County Park Authority Policy Manual – December 1998 Policy 101.3 Greenways, Including Stream Valleys The Fairfax County Park Authority shall provide leadership for establishment and management of an integrated network of Greenways within the County to conserve open space, to protect sensitive environmental and cult ural resources including wildlife habitat, riparian corridors, water quality, archaeological and historic sites and aesthetic values, to control flooding and erosion, and to provide continuity of non-motorized access between places where citizens and visitors live, work and play. As defined in the Countywide Policy Plan, Greenways are "linear open space corridors which include and connect, parks and recreation sites, areas of significant and sensitive ecological and heritage (cultural) resource value, wildlife habitats, riparian corridors and Countywide trails with each other and with residential communities, employment and commercial areas and transit destinations. Designated Greenways may be comprised of one or several components which will provide the desired resource protection and/or continuity of non-motorized access to destinations throughout the County. They may be established along natural corridors such as Environmental Quality Corridors, along scenic roadways, urban sidewalks and plazas, or other natural or landscaped courses for pedestrian, bicycle or equestrian passage. In addition to publicly accessible parklands and trails, Greenways may also incorporate private open space managed for the protection of significant natural and heritage (cult ural) resources under voluntary agreements with property owners." The Park Authority shall coordinate the establishment of the Countywide network of Greenways in accordance with the following guidelines: 1.
    [Show full text]
  • CARR-202 Avalon
    CARR-202 Avalon Architectural Survey File This is the architectural survey file for this MIHP record. The survey file is organized reverse- chronological (that is, with the latest material on top). It contains all MIHP inventory forms, National Register nomination forms, determinations of eligibility (DOE) forms, and accompanying documentation such as photographs and maps. Users should be aware that additional undigitized material about this property may be found in on-site architectural reports, copies of HABS/HAER or other documentation, drawings, and the “vertical files” at the MHT Library in Crownsville. The vertical files may include newspaper clippings, field notes, draft versions of forms and architectural reports, photographs, maps, and drawings. Researchers who need a thorough understanding of this property should plan to visit the MHT Library as part of their research project; look at the MHT web site (mht.maryland.gov) for details about how to make an appointment. All material is property of the Maryland Historical Trust. Last Updated: 11-08-2012 NPS Form 10 BOO (3.(2) Expires 10-31-87 United States Department of the Interior CARR-202 National Park Service For NPS U6e on,y National Register of Historic Places received Inventory—Nomination Form date entered See instructions in How to Complete National Register Forms Type all entries—complete applicable sections 1. Name historic Avalon and or common Avalon 2. Location street & numberpff Maryland Route 31 (New Windsor Road) on Slingluff Ro3g|/A not for publication city, town New Windsor _X_ vicinity of Sixth Congressional District state Maryland code 24 county Carroll code 013 3.
    [Show full text]
  • DC Citizen Science Water Quality Monitoring Report 2 0 2 0 Table of Contents Dear Friends of the River
    WAter DC Citizen Science Water Quality Monitoring Report 2 0 2 0 Table of Contents Dear Friends of the River, On behalf of Anacostia Riverkeeper, I am pleased to share with you our first Annual DC Citizen Science Volunteer Water Quality Report on Bacteria in District Waters. This report focuses on 2020 water quality results from all three District watersheds: the Anacostia River, Potomac River, and Rock Creek. The water quality data we collected is critical for understanding the health of the Anacostia River and District waters; as it serves as a gauge for safe recreation potential as well as a continuing assessment of efforts in the Methodology District of Columbia to improve the overall health of 7 our streams and waterways. As a volunteer program, we are dependent on those who offer time out of their daily schedule to work 8 Anacostia River with us and care for the water quality. With extreme gratitude, we would like to thank all our volunteers and staff for the dedication, professionalism, and enthusiasm to execute this program and to provide high quality data to the public. Additionally, support 10 Potomac River from our partner organizations was crucial to running this program, so we would like to extend an additional thanks to staff at Audubon Naturalist Society, Potomac Riverkeeper, and Rock Creek 12 Rock Creek Conservancy. We hope you find this annual report a good guide to learning more about our local DC waterways. We believe that clean water is a benefit everyone should experience, one that starts with consistent and 14 Discussion publicly available water quality data.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Landscapes Inventory: Piney River, Shenandoah National Park
    National Park Service Cultural Landscapes Inventory 1999 Revised 2006 Piney River Shenandoah National Park Table of Contents Inventory Unit Summary & Site Plan Concurrence Status Geographic Information and Location Map Management Information National Register Information Chronology & Physical History Analysis & Evaluation of Integrity Condition Treatment Bibliography & Supplemental Information Piney River Shenandoah National Park Inventory Unit Summary & Site Plan Inventory Summary The Cultural Landscapes Inventory Overview: CLI General Information: Cultural Landscapes Inventory – General Information The Cultural Landscapes Inventory (CLI) is a database containing information on the historically significant landscapes within the National Park System. This evaluated inventory identifies and documents each landscape’s location, size, physical development, condition, landscape characteristics, character-defining features, as well as other valuable information useful to park management. Cultural landscapes become approved inventory records when all required data fields are entered, the park superintendent concurs with the information, and the landscape is determined eligible for the National Register of Historic Places through a consultation process or is otherwise managed as a cultural resource through a public planning process. The CLI, like the List of Classified Structures (LCS), assists the National Park Service (NPS) in its efforts to fulfill the identification and management requirements associated with Section 110(a) of the National Historic Preservation Act, National Park Service Management Policies (2001), and Director’s Order #28: Cultural Resource Management. Since launching the CLI nationwide, the NPS, in response to the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA), is required to report information that respond to NPS strategic plan accomplishments. Two goals are associated with the CLI: 1) increasing the number of certified cultural landscapes (1b2B); and 2) bringing certified cultural landscapes into good condition (1a7).
    [Show full text]
  • "N7T 1976 Status Occupied Accessible No Federal State X County Xlocal Present Use Private Residence 6
    ACHS SUMMARY FORM M: 26-5 1. Name: Watt's Branch Miller's House (Veirs Log Cabin) MAGI #1650055204 2. Planning Area/Site Number: 26/5 3. M-NCPPC Atlas Reference: Map 15 Coordinate C-14 m.. Address: 1050 W. Montgomery Avenue Rockville, Md. 5. Classification Summary Category building Previous Survey Recording MNCPPC Ownership private Title and Date: Historic Sites Inventory Public Acquisition^ "N7T 1976 Status occupied Accessible no Federal State x County xLocal Present use private residence 6. Date: 1790s 7. Original Owner: Richard Wootton 8» Apparent Condition a. excellent b. alte red c< original site . Description: This log and frame house sits at the end of a dirt road near Watts Branch Creek, facing northeast. Built in two sections: the northwest sections is log, it is three bays across and one and a half stories high. The southeast section is frame and is three bays across and two and a half stories in height. The frame section is irregularly shaped and projects forward from the log house. The log house has V-notched logs and concrete chinking. The frame section has beige beaded clapboarding. Both sections have six-over-six double-hung windows. The log section has a gable roof, the frame section has a hipped roof with %3bestos shingles. 10. Significance: This log and frame dwelling is a fine example of an early cabin which grew to meet the needs of the families who lived in it. It sits on land once owned by the "father" of Montgomery County, Dr. Thomas Sprigg Wootton, who introduced the successful resolution on August 31> 1776> to divide Frederick County into 3 parts — Washington, Frederick, and Montgomery Counties.
    [Show full text]
  • Civil War Heritage Area Management Plan
    Heart of the Civil War Heritage Area Application for Certification as a Maryland Heritage Area by Washington, Frederick, and Carroll Counties October 1, 2005 Heart of the Civil War Heritage Area Application for Certification as a Maryland Heritage Area by Washington, Frederick and Carroll Counties October 1, 2005 Cover: Antietam Battlefield Monument; photograph courtesy of the Tourism Council of Frederick County, Inc. Maryland Civil War Heritage Area Management Plan Heart of the Civil War Heritage Area: County Governments in Cooperation Carroll County Julia Gouge, President Dean L. Minnich, Vice President Perry L. Jones, Secretary Frederick County John L. Thompson, Jr., President Michael L. Cady, Vice President Jan H. Gardner John R. Lovell, Jr. Bruce L. Reeder Washington County Gregory I. Snook, President William J. Wivell, Vice President James F. Kercheval John C. Munson Doris J. Nipps 2 Contents CONTENTS….……………………………………………………………………………3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY……………………………………………………………….7 The Heritage Area…………………………………………………………………………7 Benefits of Participation…………………………………………………………………..8 A Broader Story………………………………………………………………………...…8 The Heart of the Civil War Heritage Area………………………………………………...9 VISION & GOALS………………………………………………………………………12 Vision…………………………………………………………………………………….12 Goals……………………………………………………………………………………..13 SIGNIFICANCE…………………………………………………………………………15 PLAN DEVELOPMENT………………………………………………...………………17 Approach………………………………………………………………………………....17 BOUNDARIES…………………………………………………………………………..19 RESOURCES.………………………………………………………………………….. 21 Civil
    [Show full text]