TECHNOLOGY OF MAIZE AND ALLIED CORN PRODUCTS
CORN
Introduction
TYPES OF CORN
Dent and flint corn Sweet Corn Popcorn
BOTANY OF CORN
Description of the Plant Genetically Engineered Corn
CULTIVATION PRACTICES
Varieties Rotations and Fertilizer Fertilization Plant Population Tillage Diseases and Pests Insects Diseases Structure and Composition
CARBOHYDRATES AND RELATED COMPOUNDS
Nitrogenous Compounds Lipids and Related Compounds Vitamins and Minerals Other Constituents
QUALITY FACTORS Field Corn Aflatoxin Quality for wet milling Feed grain quality
TRADITIONAL FOOD PRODUCTS FROM CORN
Bulgur Tortillas Lye Hominy
CORN MILLING
Introduction Dry Milling of Corn The Dry Milling Process Cleaning and Conditioning Degermination Reduction and Classification Uses and specifications of Products Further Processing Wet Milling of Corn History Modern Processes Cleaning Steeping Degermination Separation of hulls and fiber Gluten starch separation Recent Development Wet milling other Grains Starch Conversion Acid Hydrolysis Enzyme Hydrolysis Isomerization Process Further processing and Products Dextrose Maltodextrins Processing Corn Oil Extracting the Oil Some Characteristics of Corn Oil Refining of Oil Bleaching Winterization Hydrogenation
PRODUCTS AND THEIR USES
Quality Control Tests
PROCESSING READY TO EAT BREAKFAST CEREALS
Flakes Corn Flakes Bran Flakes Flakes from other grains Shreds Shredded wheat biscuits
POPCORN
Four types of Popcorn Mechanism of Popping Quality factors Processing Commercial poppers Sifters Coaters Caramel corn factories
FORMULATED PUFFED SNACKS
Ingredients Other grain products Expandable ingredients Fats, Oils, Emulsifiers and Antioxidants Shortenings Frying fats Antioxidants Sweetners Other ingredients Factors affecting quality of Puffed Snacks Effect of Moisture Content Effect of pH Added Flavours of Colours Extruders and Extruding Types of Extruders Low Pressure Forming High pressure cooker extruder Example of a twin screw Extruder
MANUFACTURING CORN CHIPS
Snacks That are cooked and formed Half product Processing Direct or One Stage Puffing Drying
MAIZE PRODUCTS
Maize Rava Idly Maize Dosa
MAIZE STARCH
Maize Starch Powder Structure Industry Application Liquid Glucose/Corn Syrup Industry Application Malto Dextrin Powder Maize Germ Maize Gluten Corn steep liquor
SWEET CORN
Cultivation Harvesting and Yield Yield Thrust Areas of Research Cost of production and returns
BABY CORN
Uses of Baby Corn Nutritive value of baby corn (on dry weight basis) Scope for baby corn cultivation Quality of baby corn as measured at the international level standard Local food processors grade baby corn as follows Problems associated with the Baby corn production in India Cultivation of baby corn in India leads to Climatic Requirements Seasons Soil Requirements Land Preparation Planting Method Selection of suitable variety Other Varieties Other Hybrids Seed Rate Optimum Plant Population Numbers of Plants per Hill Fertilizer Management Irrigation Management Nature and importance of Irrigation Management Methods of Irrigation Scheduling of Irrigation Water Requirement Effect of water strss on growth, yield and quality of baby corn Water use efficiency Intercultivation Earthing up Weed management Diseases and insect pests Detasseling and stage of harvest Stage of harvest Processing and Marketing Marketing of Baby Corn Precooling Grading and Packaging Storage Transportation Nutritive value of baby corn fodder Product development using baby corn Problems and Research needs Cost of baby corn production and returns Tips for baby corn production
EXTRUDED SNACKS
Terminology Extrusion Process Preconditioning Con guration Extruder Configuration Die Configuration Expanded Snacks Fried Collettes Product Description Process Description Formulation Baked Collettes or Shapes Process Description Formulations Quality Control Considerations Third Generation Snacks Product Description Process Description Formulations
CORN FLAKES
Introduction Plant Economics of Corn Flakes Rated Plant Capacity Plant and Machinery Fixed Capital Raw Material Total working capital/Month Total Capital Investment Turn Over/Annum Profit Sales Ratio Rate of Return Break Even Point (B.E.P.)
LIQUID GLUCOSE
Starches Plant Economics Liquid Glucose Plant and Machinery Fixed Capital Raw Material Total working capital/Month Total Capital Investment Turn Over/Annum Profit Sales Ratio Rate of Return Break Even Point (B.E.P.)
MAIZE/CORN OIL Plant Economics of Maize/Corn Oil Rated Plant Capacity Plant and Machinery Fixed Capital Raw Material Total working capital/Month Total Capital Investment Turn Over/Annum Profit Sales Ratio Rate of Return Break Even Point (B.E.P.)
MALTO DEXTRIN FROM MAIZE
Introduction Plant Economics of Malto Dextrin from Maize Plant and Machinery Fixed Capital Raw Material Total working capital/Month Total Capital Investment Turn Over/Annum Profit Sales Ratio Rate of Return Break Even Point (B.E.P.)
PLANT ECONOMICS OF NON ROASTED CORN FLAKES(POHA)
Plant Economics of Non Roasted Corn Flakes (POHA) Rated Plant Capacity Plant and Machinery Fixed Capital Raw Material Total working capital/Month Total Capital Investment Turn Over/Annum Profit Sales Ratio Rate of Return Break Even Point (B.E.P.)
STARCH FROM MAIZE
Starches Natural Starches Plant and Machinery Fixed Capital Raw Material Total working capital/Month Total Capital Investment Turn Over/Annum Profit Sales Ratio Rate of Return Break Even Point (B.E.P.)
SNACK FOOD
Plant Economics of Snack Food Rated Plant Capacity Plant and Machinery Fixed Capital Raw Material Total working capital/Month Total Capital Investment Turn Over/Annum Profit Sales Ratio Rate of Return Break Even Point (B.E.P.)
YEAST DRY POWDER FROM MAIZE
Plant Economics of Yeast Dry Powder from Maize Rated Plant Capacity Plant and Machinery Fixed Capital Raw Material Total working capital/Month Total Capital Investment Turn Over/Annum Profit Sales Ratio Rate of Return Break Even Point (B.E.P.)