NEWSPAPER 81

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS Contents

VOLUME 81, NUMBER 5 3 August 1998

General Physics Collapse and Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Trapped Bose Gas with Negative Scattering Length ...... 933 Yu. Kagan, A. E. Muryshev, and G. V. Shlyapnikov Atomic Scattering in the Presence of an External Confinement and a Gas of Impenetrable Bosons ...... 938 M. Olshanii

Elementary Particles and Fields Direct Measurement of Parity Violation in the Coupling of Z0 Bosons to b Quarks Using a Mass Tag and Momentum- Weighted Track Charge ...... 942 K. Abe et al. (SLD Collaboration)

Nuclear Physics Observation of 10Be Emission in the Cold Ternary Spontaneous Fission of 252Cf ...... 947 A. V. Ramayya, J. K. Hwang, J. H. Hamilton, A. Sandulescu, A. Florescu, G. M. Ter-Akopian, A. V. Daniel, Yu. Ts. Oganessian, G. S. Popeko, W. Greiner, J. D. Cole, and GANDS95 Collaboration CODEN: PRLTAO 81 (5), 933–1136 (3 August 1998) Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics Prospects for Bose-Einstein Condensation in Cesium ...... 951 S. J. J. M. F. Kokkelmans, B. J. Verhaar, and K. Gibble Analytic Solution for Strong-Field Quantum Control of Atomic Wave Packets ...... 955 Luı´s E. E. de Araujo, Ian A. Walmsley, and C. R. Stroud, Jr. Asymptotic Molecular States and the Influence of Magnetic Fields ...... 959 M. Elbs, T. Laue, H. Knöckel, and E. Tiemann Singular Behavior in Electron-Atom Scattering at Small Momentum Transfer ...... 963 Z. Felfli, A. Z. Msezane, and D. Bessis Insertion of Xe and Kr Atoms into C60 and C70 Fullerenes and the Formation of Dimers ...... 967 Tsutomu Ohtsuki, Kaoru Ohno, Keiichiro Shiga, Yoshiyuki Kawazoe, Yutaka Maruyama, and Kazuyoshi Masumoto Measurement of the Earth’s Gravity Gradient with an Atom Interferometer-Based Gravity Gradiometer ...... 971 M. J. Snadden, J. M. McGuirk, P. Bouyer, K. G. Haritos, and M. A. Kasevich

Nonlinear Dynamics, Fluid Dynamics, Classical Optics, etc. Slowly Passing through Resonance Strongly Depends on Noise ...... 975 J. C. Celet, D. Dangoisse, P. Glorieux, G. Lythe, and T. Erneux Kinetics of Localized Pattern Formation in Optical Systems ...... 979 M. Tlidi, Paul Mandel, and R. Lefever Do Surface Acoustic Solitons Exist? ...... 983 C. Eckl, A. P. Mayer, and A. S. Kovalev Enhanced Heat Transport in Turbulent Convection over a Rough Surface ...... 987 Y.-B. Du and P. Tong 5

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Copyright 1998 by The American Physical Society Contents (Continued)

Plasma and Beam Physics Nonlinear Stability Theorem for High-Intensity Charged Particle Beams ...... 991 Ronald C. Davidson Observation of Laser Wakefield Acceleration of Electrons ...... 995 F. Amiranoff, S. Baton, D. Bernard, B. Cros, D. Descamps, F. Dorchies, F. Jacquet, V. Malka, J. R. Marquès, G. Matthieussent, P. Miné, A. Modena, P. Mora, J. Morillo, and Z. Najmudin Plasma Formation on the Front and Rear of Plastic Targets due to High-Intensity Laser-Generated Fast Electrons ...... 999 M. Tatarakis, J. R. Davies, P. Lee, P. A. Norreys, N. G. Kassapakis, F. N. Beg, A. R. Bell, M. G. Haines, and A. E. Dangor Fast Electron Deposition in Laser Shock Compressed Plastic Targets ...... 1003 T. A. Hall, S. Ellwi, D. Batani, A. Bernardinello, V. Masella, M. Koenig, A. Benuzzi, J. Krishnan, F. Pisani, A. Djaoui, P. Norreys, D. Neely, S. Rose, M. H. Key, and P. Fews Ultrahigh Densities and Volume Recombination inside the Separatrix of the Alcator C-Mod Tokamak ...... 1007 B. Lipschultz, J. L. Terry, C. Boswell, A. Hubbard, B. LaBombard, and D. A. Pappas

Condensed Matter: Structure, etc. Effect of Non-Pairwise-Additive Interactions on Bundles of Rodlike Polyelectrolytes ...... 1011 B.-Y. Ha and Andrea J. Liu Structural Characterization of Various Chiral Smectic-C Phases by Resonant X-Ray Scattering ...... 1015 P. Mach, R. Pindak, A.-M. Levelut, P. Barois, H. T. Nguyen, C. C. Huang, and L. Furenlid New Disorder Induced Phase Transitions of Classical Rare Gases in Porous Vycor Glass ...... 1019 D. W. Brown, P. E. Sokol, and S. N. Ehrlich Directed Polymers on a Factorized Disorder Landscape ...... 1023 Paolo De Los Rios and Yi-Cheng Zhang Inverse versus Normal NiAs Structures as High-Pressure Phases of FeO and MnO ...... 1027 Z. Fang, K. Terakura, H. Sawada, T. Miyazaki, and I. Solovyev Structural Relaxation Monitored by Instantaneous Shear Modulus ...... 1031 Niels Boye Olsen, Jeppe C. Dyre, and Tage Christensen Adatom Formation on the Ni(110) Surface ...... 1034 W. Silvestri, A. P. Graham, and J. P. Toennies The Hematite (a-Fe2O3) (0001) Surface: Evidence for Domains of Distinct Chemistry ...... 1038 X.-G. Wang, W. Weiss, Sh. K. Shaikhutdinov, M. Ritter, M. Petersen, F. Wagner, R. Schlögl, and M. Scheffler Reduction of Enthalpy of Fusion and Anomalies during Phase Transitions in Finely Divided Water ...... 1042 A. Bogdan, M. Kulmala, and N. Avramenko Imaging the Elastic Nanostructure of Ge Islands by Ultrasonic Force Microscopy ...... 1046 Oleg V. Kolosov, Martin R. Castell, Chris D. Marsh, G. Andrew D. Briggs, T. I. Kamins, and R. Stanley Williams Thermal Adatoms on Si(001) ...... 1050 R. M. Tromp and M. Mankos

Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, etc. Short Range Order and the Nature of Defects and Traps in Amorphous Silicon Oxynitride Governed by the Mott Rule 1054 V. A. Gritsenko, J. B. Xu, R. W. M. Kwok, Y. H. Ng, and I. H. Wilson Spectral Consequences of Broken Phase Coherence in 1T-TaS2 ...... 1058 F. Zwick, H. Berger, I. Vobornik, G. Margaritondo, L. Forró, C. Beeli, M. Onellion, G. Panaccione, A. Taleb-Ibrahimi, and M. Grioni Boundary Conditions at the Mobility Edge ...... 1062 D. Braun, G. Montambaux, and M. Pascaud Decoherence and the Thouless Crossover in One-Dimensional Conductors ...... 1066 Yu. B. Khavin, M. E. Gershenson, and A. L. Bogdanov

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Velocity Shift of Surface Acoustic Waves due to Interaction with Composite Fermions in a Modulated Structure ...... 1070 A. D. Mirlin, P. Wölfle, Y. Levinson, and O. Entin-Wohlman Quantum Decoherence in Disordered Mesoscopic Systems ...... 1074 Dmitrii S. Golubev and Andrei D. Zaikin Pairing Effects at the Edge of Paired Quantum Hall States ...... 1078 Kazusumi Ino Direct Determination of the Exciton Binding Energy of Conjugated Polymers Using a Scanning Tunneling Microscope 1082 S. F. Alvarado, P. F. Seidler, D. G. Lidzey, and D. D. C. Bradley The Resonance Peak in Cuprate Superconductors ...... 1086 Dirk K. Morr and David Pines Pressure-Induced Dimensional Crossover and Superconductivity in the Hole-Doped Two-Leg Ladder Compound Sr142xCaxCu24O41 ...... 1090 T. Nagata, M. Uehara, J. Goto, J. Akimitsu, N. Motoyama, H. Eisaki, S. Uchida, H. Takahashi, T. Nakanishi, and N. Môri 3D-XY Critical Fluctuations of the Thermal Expansivity in Detwinned YBa2Cu3O72d Single Crystals Near Optimal Doping ...... 1094 Volker Pasler, Peter Schweiss, Christoph Meingast, Bernhard Obst, Helmut Wühl, Alexandre I. Rykov, and Setsuko Tajima Spin Liquid in the Multiple-Spin Exchange Model on the Triangular Lattice: 3He on Graphite ...... 1098 G. Misguich, B. Bernu, C. Lhuillier, and C. Waldtmann Ferromagnetic Clusters and Magnetic Polarons as Evidenced by ESR in La1.35Sr1.65Mn2O7 ...... 1102 O. Chauvet, G. Goglio, P. Molinie, B. Corraze, and L. Brohan Anomalous Temperature Dependence of Vibrational Lifetimes in Water and Ice ...... 1106 Sander Woutersen, Uli Emmerichs, Han-Kwang Nienhuys, and Huib J. Bakker Enhanced Spontaneous Emission by Quantum Boxes in a Monolithic Optical Microcavity ...... 1110 J. M. Gérard, B. Sermage, B. Gayral, B. Legrand, E. Costard, and V. Thierry-Mieg

Interdisciplinary Physics: Biological Physics, Quantum Information, etc. Segregation-Induced Instability of Nanocrystalline Line Compounds ...... 1114 Jörg Weissmüller and Hendrik Ehrhardt Nonequilibrium Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Planar Elongational Flow with Spatially and Temporally Periodic Boundary Conditions ...... 1118 B. D. Todd and Peter J. Daivis Colloidal Interactions in Partially Quenched Suspensions of Charged Particles ...... 1122 G. Cruz de León, J. M. Saucedo-Solorio, and J. L. Arauz-Lara Effect of Conformational Constraints on the Topography of Complex Potential Energy Surfaces ...... 1126 Yaakov Levy and Oren M. Becker Origin of Synchronized Traffic Flow on Highways and Its Dynamic Phase Transitions ...... 1130 H. Y. Lee, H.-W. Lee, and D. Kim

Comments Comment on “Subdiffusion and Anomalous Local Viscoelasticity in Actin Networks” ...... 1134 E. Barkai and J. Klafter Amblard et al. Reply ...... 1135 F. Amblard, A. C. Maggs, B. Yurke, A. N. Pargellis, and S. Leibler

Errata Erratum: Subdiffusion and Anomalous Local Viscoelasticity in Actin Networks [Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 4470 (1996)] . . . . 1136 F. Amblard, A. C. Maggs, B. Yurke, A. N. Pargellis, and S. Leibler

Cumulative Author Index ...... i