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Decapoda, Brachyura) Crustaceana 46 (2) 1984, E. J. Brill, Leiden ON THE TAXONOMIC STATUS OF TRAPEZIA TIGRINA EYDOUX & SOULEYET, 1842 (DECAPODA, BRACHYURA) BY B. GALIL and CH. LEWINSOHN t Department of Zoology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel INTRODUCTION Trapezia tigrina, first described by Eydoux & Souleyet, 1842, from Hawaii, has since been reported, mistakenly, as a synonym of a number of allied species. This misidentification stemmed from an original description lacking in some critical taxonomic features and misplacement of the type. Thus, re- description was deemed necessary to permit accurate identification of this tax- on in future studies. The various synonymies are discussed. Trapezia tigrina Eydoux & Souleyet, 1842 (fig. 1) Cancer rufopunctatus - Ruppell, 1830: 27, 28 (mentioned under T. coerulea). Trapezia tigrina Eydoux & Souleyet, 1842: 232, pi. 2 fig. 4; Ward, 1939: 13, figs. 15, 16. Trapezia maculata - Dana, 1852: 256; 1855: pi. 15 fig. 4; Streets, 1877: 103; De Man, 1888: 319, pi. 13 figs. 2, 2a; Henderson, 1893: 366; Alcock, 1898: 221 (p.p.); Nobili, 1906: 293; Stimpson, 1907: 73; Baiss, 1924: 13; Ramadan, 1936: 35; Monod, 1938: 142; Edmondson, 1946: 301, fig. 180f. Trapezia rufopunctata - Jacquinot & Lucas, 1853: 41 (p.p.); Heller, 1861a: 13; Heller, 1861b: 350; Hilgendorf, 1869: 75, pi. 2 fig. 3b (p.p.); A. Milne-Edwards, 1873: 258 (p.p.); Kossmann, 1877: 42 (p.p.); De Man, 1880: 176; De Man, 1881: 94; Miers, 1884: 536 (p.p.); Klunzinger, 1913: 309, pi. 7 fig. 13. Trapezia ferruginea var. rufopunctata - Paulson, 1875: 48, pi. 7 figs. 3-3a. Trapezia ferruginea maculata - Ortmann, 1897: 206 (p.p.); Lenz, 1912: 4. Trapezia ferruginea var. maculata - Borradaile, 1900: 590; Borradaile, 1902: 265. Grapsillus maculatus - Rathbun, 1906: 865. Trapezia cymodoce maculata - Rathbun, 1911: 235; Rathbun, 1930: 558, pi. 228 figs. 3, 4; Ed- monson, 1962: 300, fig. 31b. Trapezia cymodoce var. maculata - Laurie, 1915: 462. Trapezia danae Ward, 1939: 13, figs. 17, 18. Trapezia danai - Knudsen, 1967: 51; Garth, 1974: 402. Trapezia aff. danai - Serene, 1969: 136, figs. 14a, 17, 20 (p.p.); Garth, 1971: 198. Trapezia wardi Serene, 1969: 140; Serene, 1971: 914; Preston, 1973: 470; Edwards & Emberton, 1980: 235; Coles, 1980: 283. Trapezia aff. wardi - Garth, 1971: 198. Trapezia flavopunctata - Chen & Lan, 1978: 281, fig. 12. ?Trapezia rufopunctata - Cano, 1889: 211; Wedenissow, 1894: 413; Edmondson, 1923: 20. ?Trapezia rufopunctata var. maculata - Ortmann, 1893: 484; Guinot, 1962: 240. ? Trapezia ferruginea maculata - Lenz, 1901: 466; Lenz, 1910: 552. ?Trapezia maculata - Nobili 1901: 16; Nobili, 1905: 10; Lenz, 1905: 351; Laurie, 1906: 410; Stebbing, 1910: 304; Gravier, 1920: 470; Pesta, 1928: 72. TRAPEZIA TIGRINA 167 ?Trapezia cymodoce maculata - Rathbun, 1907: 52 (p.p.). ?Trapezia ferruginea forme maculata - Bouvier, 1915: 272. ?Trapezia ferruginea subsp. maculata - Michel, 1965: 30. not Trapezia acutifrons - A. Milne Edwards, 1867: 281. not Trapezia rufopunctata - A. Milne Edwards, 1873: 258. not Trapezia tigrina - Serene, 1969: 133. Material examined Red Sea: Elath, Gulf of Elath ( = Aqaba), 10 October 1952; la, cl. 10.2 mm; identified as T. wardi, "Type" by Serene (TAU NS 62); 10 October 1952; la, 19 cl. 10.1, 11.6 mm; identified as T. wardi, "Cotype" by Serene (TAU); 21 May 1958; lO*, cl. 13.4 mm (Senck. M. 4102). Nabeq, Gulf of Elath, Sinai; 17 October, 1979; la, cl. 7.1 mm (TAU). Gulf of Elath, Sinai; 24 June 1976; 2 m., on Stylophora; 1 a 1 9, cl. 10.8, 10.8 mm (TAU); 1980; on live corals; 5(70* 999, cl. 10.9, 9.0, 7.5, 6.9, 6.7, 12.4, 10.7, 10.6, 10.5, 10.2, 10.0, 10.0, 9.8, 9.2 mm (TAU). Senafirld., entrance to Gulf of Elath, 8January 1949; coll. "Manihine"; la 399 ljuv-> cl. 12.2, 15.4, 13.4, 14.1, 9.2 mm (BM). Na'ama, N. of Sharm el Sheikh, Sinai; 15 October 1979; lo*, cl. 12.2 mm (TAU); 6 November 1981; 1 m deep from living coral, la 19, cl. 10.5, 11.3 mm (TAU). Sharm Moiya, N. of Sharm el Sheikh, Sinai; 3 February 1949; fauna assoc. with coral; coll. "Manihine"; la 1 9, cl. 11.3, 12.4 mm (BM 1959: 1:17:56-63). Et Tur ( = Tor), Gulf of Suez, Sinai; January-July 1826; leg. E. Ruppell; la 19, cl. 12.3, 12.1 mm (Senck. M. 4038). Daedalus Shoal, 1874; coll. Lt. Col. Playfair; 2aa 299 2 juv., cl. 12.8, 12.2, 14.1, 11.3, 7.6, 7.5 mm (BM 1874: 89). Shab Baraja, Sudan; 19 October 1977; on reef corals; 1 9 , cl. 14,8 mm (Senck. M.). Assab, Ethiopia, Red Sea; 15 February 1966; half dead coral, 50 cm; 2aa 2 99, cl. 12.2, 12.1, 13.8, 13.5 mm (RMNH). Red Sea; leg. R. Kossman; 5aa 999, cl. 11-6, 10.9, 10.8, 10.6, 9.9, 13.5, 13.3, 13.0, 12.7, 12.3, 12.0, 11.7, 11.3, 11.2 mm (Senck. M. 9548). Indian Ocean: Sapper Bay, Aden; October 1966; coll. K. England; la, cl. 9.6 mm (BM 1974: 99). Aden: 1885; la 4 juv., cl. 13.3, 6.6, 6.1, 5.2, 4.9 mm (BM 1885: 14). Gesira, 20 km S. of Mogadiscio, Somalia; August 1976; leg. M. Vannini; la 1 9, cl. 10.9, 11.9 mm (MF); October 1979; leg. M. Vannini; la 1 9, cl. 8.2, 11.6 mm (MF); la 1 9, cl. 12.1, 11.4 mm (MF); 19 ljuv.cl. 7.3, 4.3 mm (MF); 19 cl. 7.6 mm (MF); 4 juv., cl. 7.0,6.7, 3.7; 2.9 mm (MF); 5 juv., cl. 6.8, 6.1, 3.7, 3.5, 2.9 mm (MF). Etoile Island, Amirante Isl.; April 1882; 13 fms. coral; H.M.S. "Alert"; 2aa 1 9, cl. 11.7, 10.9, 12.2 mm (BM 1882: 24). Imma Is., Male Atoll, Maldives; 21 March 1964; ex Pocillopora; 1 9 1 juv., cl. 7.9, 5.2 mm; (identified as aff. wardi Serene) (AH). Dunidu Is., Male Atoll, Maldives; 19 April 1964; ex. Pocillopora woodjonesi; la 1 9 , cl. 15, 18 mm (AH). Pacific Ocean: Phillipines; 15 January 1908; U.S.F.C. Str. "Albatross"; la 1 juv., cl. 11.2, 5.4 mm (USNM). Ifaluk Atoll, Caroline Isl.; 1953; la, cl. 10 mm (USNM 200652). Kapingamarangi Atoll, Caroline Isl.; 12 August 1954; 1 9 , cl. 12 mm (USNM 230088). Eniwetok Atoll, Marshall Isl.; 18 August 1966; coll. J. W. Knudsen; la 19, cl. 11.7, 13.4 mm; identified as T. aff. danai Serene, 1969 (AH). Rigili Is., Eniwetok Atoll, Marshall Isl.; 2 August 1966; coll. J. W. Knudsen; 1 a , cl. 7.4 mm (AH). Japtan Is., Eniwetok Atoll, Marshall Isl.; 4 August 1966; coll. J. W. Knudsen; 2 99, cl. 5.7, 4.4 mm (AH). 170 B. GALIL & CH. LEWINSOHN Honolulu, Hawaii; 1834; 18 fms; H.M.S. "Challenger". 19, cl. 15.7 mm (BM 1834: 31). Waikiki, Oahu, Hawaii; 1923; 1 9, cl. 16.6 mm (BPBM S 1568). Kauai, Hawaii; 1902; U.S.F.C. Sta. "Albatross"; 1(7 19 1 juv., cl. 13.5, 15.8, 6.1 mm (USNM 29486). Pt. Allen, Kauai, Hawaii; 12 October 1959; 8crcr 2 99, cl. 14.8, 14.9, 12.5, 13.1, 12.1, 12.0, 9.2, 7.8, 10.8 mm (BPBM S 6610). Anaa Atoll, Tuamotu Arch.; 27 October 1967; 60-70 ft.; National Geographic Soc.; lcr, cl. 11 mm (USNM 291828). Tikehae Lagoon, Tuamotu Arch.; 11 April 1957; lcr 1 9, cl. 9.0, 9.0 mm (USNM 213821). Society Isl.; coll. A. Garrett, id. W. Faxon; lcr 29 9, cl. 10.9, 11.4, 7.7 mm (USNM 158983). South coast of Pitcairn Is., S. Pacific; 20 October 1967; 22 fms. coral; National Geographic Marquesas Expedition; la 1 9, cl. 12.8, 14.8 mm (USNM 291828); 20 September 1967; 22-25 fms.; coral; National Geographic Marquesas Expedition; 1 O*, cl. 7.8 mm (USNM 291828), largest male, cl. 15 mm; female, cl. 18 mm; smallest juvenile, cl. 2.9 mm. The material is deposited in the Allen Hancock Museum in the University of Southern California (AH); the British Museum (Natural History) (BM); Ber- nice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu (BPBM); Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden (RMNH): Museo Zoologico of the University of Florence (MF); Senckenberg Museum (Senck. M.); the Zoological Museum of Tel Aviv University (TAU) and the U.S. National Museum (USNM). The abbreviation cl. stands for carapace length. Morphological description. — Carapace smooth, slightly convex, without definite regions. Antero-lateral margins slightly curved inwards in the direc- tion of outer orbital spine, but inflated in the middle so that the margins are parallel along the proximal half. In younger specimens (cl.<8 mm) the carapace is quite as broad at the outer angles of the orbits as between the lateral teeth or even slightly divergent, but in larger specimens, especially gravid females, it is slightly contracted in front. Posterolateral margins convergent backwards from a distinct lateral epibranchial tooth which in juveniles always projects as a sharp spine, some adults retain that character. Front, four-lobed, projects beyond the orbits, over the antennules and bases of the antennae which are excluded from the orbits. The frontal submedian pair of lobes are triangular, separated from each other by a shallow V-shaped incision and from the outer pair of lobes by a wider, uneven sinus; both lobes of this outer pair are about twice as wide basally as each submedian lobe, and directed obliquely outwards, their edge sometimes finely denticulate.
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