Integrated Natural Resources and Environment Management Project

Initial Environmental Examination

June 2019

PHI: Integrated Natural Resources and Environment Management project

Subproject: Rehabilitation of Barangay Balubal- Sitio Laguilay Access Road, Cagayan de Oro, Misamis Oriental

Prepared by City of Cagayan de Oro, Misamis Oriental for the Asian Development Bank.

i CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 15 April 2019) The date of the currency equivalents must be within 2 months from the date on the cover. Currency unit – peso (PhP) PhP 1.00 = $ 0.01938 $1.00 = PhP 51.5875

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB Asian Development Bank BCR Benefits Cost Ratio BDC Barangay Development Council CNC Certificate of Non-Coverage CSC Construction Supervision Consultant CSO Civil Society Organization CP Contractor’s Profit DED Detail Engineering Design DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources DILG Department of Interior and Local Government DPWH Department of Public Works and Highway DSWD Department of Social Welfare and Development ECA Environmentally Critical Area ECC Environmental Compliance Certificate ECP Environmentally Critical Project EHSM Environmental Health and Safety Manager EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EIAMMP Environmental Impact Assessment Management and Monitoring Plan EIRR Economic Internal Rate of Return EIS Environmental Impact Statement EMB Environmental Management Bureau ESS Environmental Safeguards Specialist GAD Gender and Development IEE Initial Environmental Examination INREMP Integrated Natural Resources and Environment Management Project IP Indigenous People IRA Internal Revenue Allotment IROW Infrastructure Right of Way LGU Local Government Unit MDC Municipal Development Council MOA Memorandum of Agreement MPN Most Probable Number NAAQ National Ambient Air Quality Guidelines NCB National Competitive Bidding NDP Nurse Deployment Project-Nurses to The Barrios NECA Non-Environmental Critical Area NECP Non-Environmental Critical Project NGCP National Grid Corporation of the Philippines NIA National Irrigation Administration NPCO National Project Coordinating Office NRM Natural Resources Management OMC Overhead, Contingencies and Miscellaneous and Contractor’s PAGASA Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services ii Administration PDR Project Description Report PMIC Project Management Implementation Consultant PPMO Provincial Project Management Office PMO Project Management Office PPMC Provincial Project Management Council PMU Project Management Unit POs Peoples’ Organizations POWs Program of Works PSA Philippine Statistics Authority PWD Persons with Disability RC Reinforced Concrete RCPC Reinforced Concrete Pipe Culvert RHMDP Rural Health Midwives Placement Program RPCO Regional Project Coordinating Office REA Rapid Environmental Assessment ROW Right of Way SP Sangguniang Panlungsod SBD Standard Bidding Document SPD Subproject Proposal Document SPMU Sub-Project Management Unit SPS Safeguard Policy Statement SSS Social Safeguards Specialist TA Technical Assistance TDS Total Dissolved Solids TOR Terms of Reference TSP Total Suspended Particulates WMPCO Watershed Management and Project Coordination Offices

iii WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

˚C – degree centigrade ha – Hectare km – Kilometer m – Meter m asl – meter above sea level mm – Millimeter mg/L – milligram per liter mg/Nm3 – milligram per normal cubic meter ppt – parts per thousand μg/Nm3 – microgram per normal cubic meter µS/cm – micro Siemens/cm % – Percent

NOTE In this report, "$" refers to US dollars unless otherwise stated.

This Initial Environmental Examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

iv TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 1 II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ...... 3 A. Environmental Clearance Requirements ...... 3 1. Government Environmental Laws, Regulations and Guidelines ...... 3 2. ADB Environmental Assessment Requirements ...... 6 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ...... 7 A. Overview ...... 7 B. Project Location ...... 7 C. Project Rationale ...... 8 D. Project Development Plan ...... 9 1. Project Components ...... 9 2. Description of the Project Phases ...... 10 3. Manpower Requirements ...... 11 4. Project Cost ...... 11 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ...... 12 A. Elevation and Slope...... 14 B. Geology ...... 14 C. Soil Profile ...... 15 D. Water Quality ...... 15 E. Land Cover and Land Use ...... 16 F. Climate ...... 16 G. Biological Environment ...... 18 1. Flora ...... 19 2. Fauna ...... 19 6. Tourism ...... 22 H. Electricity ...... 22 I. Road and Transportation ...... 22 V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 23 A. Pre-Construction ...... 25 1. Confirmation of no required resettlement, relocations, and compensation ...... 25 2. Identification and prioritization of road section where re-gravelling, gravelling and concreting will be done...... 25 3. Preparation of detailed engineering designs and programs of work ...... 25 4. Recruitment of workers ...... 25 B. Construction ...... 26 1. Construction materials acquisition, transport access, and storage system ...... 26 2. Clearing and removal of obstructions ...... 26 3. Soil erosion ...... 26 4. Ground surface leveling and gravelling of existing road ...... 26 5. Civil works (Concrete Pavement) ...... 27 6. Implementation of noise and dust control measure ...... 27 7. Dust and noise from borrow pits ...... 27 8. Implementation of spoil management and control measure ...... 28 9. Solid and liquid construction waste management system ...... 28 10. Water quality ...... 28 11. Construction drainage system ...... 28 12. Workers health, safety and hygiene ...... 29 13. Traffic safety and management ...... 29 14. Ecological environment (Flora and Fauna) ...... 29 15. Damage to properties ...... 30 16. Concrete washout ...... 30 17. Use of hazardous substances...... 30 v 18. Public safety ...... 30 C. Operation and Maintenance Phase ...... 31 1. Operation of upgraded access road ...... 31 VI. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION ...... 31 A. Stakeholder Consultations ...... 31 B. Information Disclosure ...... 34 VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ...... 34 VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 36 A. Implementation Arrangements ...... 36 B. Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan ...... 37 C. Environmental Monitoring ...... 46 IX. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ...... 49 A. Conclusion ...... 49 B. Recommendation ...... 49

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: Map of Cagayan de Oro City ...... 8 Figure 2: Relative Location and Distribution of Sub-watersheds in the BURB ...... 13 Figure 3: Elevation and Slope of the Proposed Road Access subproject ...... 14 Figure 4: Photographs of vegetative conditions along the proposed road access improvement in Balubal, Cagayan de Oro, Misamis Oriental ...... 19

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1:Summary List of ECP Types and ECA Categories ...... 3 Table 2: INREMP subprojects threshold for coverage screening and categorization (EMB-MC 005-2014) ...... 5 Table 3: Breakdown of Cost Estimates ...... 12 Table 4: Indicative Implementation Schedule ...... 12 Table 5: Physical and Chemical Water Analysis of Agusan-Cugman River Watershed ...... 15 Table 6: Rainfall Distribution (mm) from January 2009 – December 2013 ...... 17 Table 7: Sex-Disaggregated Barangay Population including Project Influence Area ...... 20 Table 8: Sex-Disaggregated Barangay IP Population including Project Influence Area (PIA) .. 20 Table 9: Barangay Balubal 2013-2015 Revenue and Expenditures ...... 22 Table 10: Assessment of Potential Environmental Impacts ...... 24 Table 11: Summary of stakeholders’ view of the Road and Foot Trail Rehabilitation and Spillway Construction in Brgy. Balubal, Cagayan de Oro city ...... 32 Table 12: Responsibilities for EMP Implementation ...... 37 Table 13. Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan ...... 38 Table 14. Environmental Monitoring Plan ...... 47 vi LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 1: Certificate Of Non-Coverage (CNC) Status/ Proof Of Payment...... 50 Appendix 2: Minutes OF IEE Public Consultation on September 6, 2017 ...... 51 Appendix 3: PO BISFFA Resolution of Support ...... 73 Appendix 4: Barangay Balubal Resolution of Support/ Endorsement ...... 75 Appendix 5: SP Resolution Affirming Interest and Authorizing the City Mayor to sign MOA with the DENR ...... 77 Appendix 6: Council of Elder Resolution of Consent/ Support in Visayan and English ...... 79 Appendix 7. Grievance Intake Form ……………………………………………………………….. 83

vii I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. This Initial Environmental Examination has been prepared for the Improvement of Barangay Balubal - Sitio Laguilay Access Road, Cagayan de Oro City, Misamis Oriental. Based on the Program of Works, the proposed construction of the spillway including the rehabilitation of the existing access road and foot trail from Barangay Balubal to Sitio Laguilay has three (3) components. The first component is the construction of a spillway with an estimated length of 24.4 m and width of 6 m. The second component is the concreting of an existing road with an estimated length of 603 m and width of 6 m including the drainage and railings. The third component is the concreting of an existing 1.165 km-footrail. The subproject will be implemented by the local government of Cagayan de Oro City by contracting through the Harmonized Philippine Bidding Process. The proposed subproject costs an estimated amount of Php 17,166,500.00 with a projected construction duration of 245 calendar days.

2. The rehabilitation of Barangay Balubal-Sitio Laguilay access road and foot trail is an urgent need of the community considering that the condition of the existing road is poor and unsatisfactory, with a deep like canal, crossing and passing along the road. The presence as well of boulder rocks on the roadway surface with higher road slope makes the way unpassable by any vehicle. Such difficulty of the road condition brought inconvenience to the constituents living in the area as it is the only way going to the other sitios from the barangay proper. The modes of transportation in the vicinity are merely by means of carabaos, horses, and cows or by foot going to the influence areas.

3. The proposed road and foot trail to be rehabilitated will be connected by the spillway proposed to be constructed. The importance of the spillway construction would not just be for easier transport of goods and delivery of services but for the safety of the residents crossing the said river as well. During the September 6, 2017 IEE public consultation, a member of the PO and supposedly a participant of the said consultation was not able to join since he lost his life when he was unfortunately carried away by the sudden raging river. Accordingly, since the start of the formulation of the RI subproject proposal, there were already two (2) people who died crossing the Agusan River particularly during occurrence of heavy downpour of rain.

4. The general objective of the Proposed Improvement of Barangay Balubal - Sitio Laguilay Access Road is the provision of all-year-round safe, easy and affordable access thereby improving the prompt delivery of basic services, increasing economic opportunities and conditions and uplifts the quality of life of the residents, especially the Indigenous Peoples (IP). The proposed access road will support the INREMP NRM subproject activities of PO BISFFA. To achieve safe and comfortable accessibility of the residents to basic social services, the rehabilitation and maintenance of foot trail, roads, construction of spillways and drainage systems are among the infrastructural needs identified.

5. The proposed Improvement of Barangay Balubal to Sitio Laguilay Access Road has no IR impact and no resettlement report is required. There are no encroachments of any residential houses or dwellings, businesses, institutional structures or properties, crops and trees found along the right of way of the proposed rehabilitation of access road. However, since the access road proposed to be rehabilitated is located within an area classified as Alienable and Disposable land, the LGU had to secure from each of the six (6) affected landowners a Permit to Enter and Construct (PTEC).

6. The PTEC is the owners’ consent for the City’s “Department of Engineering and Public Works, through its duly authorize representative, to enter, survey, occupy and construct the proposed Improvement of Balubal to Sitio Laguilay Access Road. Furthermore, in exchange for the owners’ portion of land that may be affected, the document indicates the preference of 1 the owner whether he would like to be compensated or that the corresponding amount due shall be applied to the payment of his taxes or donate to the City Government. This document would be the basis of the City Council, after deliberation and negotiation with the concerned owners, for the issuance a resolution authorizing the City’s Executive Department to commence payment to the owners or applying the amount due to their taxes or process the Deed of Donation.

7. The IEE, based on the screening of baseline environment and review of proposed civil works, has not identified any major environmental concerns due to proposed rehabilitation of Barangay Balubal - Sitio Laguilay access road. There will only be localized short-term impacts during construction activities due to implementation of civil works that will be addressed in the detailed design and through implementation of the mitigation and monitoring measures specified in the environmental management plan.

8. The subproject has been categorized by ADB as Environment Category B and this IEE was prepared consistent with the environmental assessment requirements of ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement of 2009. The IEE was carried out through screening and analysis of various environmental parameters, field investigations, stakeholder consultations, and review of other road project reports in the Philippines. The IEE covers the general environmental profile of Balubal, Cagayan de Oro City rural infrastructure subproject and includes an assessment of the potential environmental impacts during different subproject phases and formulation of corresponding mitigation measures. The IEE was prepared by the LGU of Cagayan de Oro in cooperation with RPCO, PPMO, CESM and POs.

9. The IEE process included stakeholder participation and consultation to help LGUs achieve public acceptance of the Sub-project. On May 17-19, 2017, the team arrived at the City of Cagayan de Oro and initiated a meeting with the LGU’s Sub Project Management Unit (SPMU) and field implementing units to discuss the objectives of the visit. After the meeting, site or ocular inspection was conducted to validate the scope of works and location. The consultation with municipal, barangay officials and residents confirmed that the rehabilitation of the access road is essential for economic development. On September 6, 2017, the proponent with the technical assistance of the consultant has made presentation of the Subproject describing the objective of the consultations, project description, proposed civil works, and anticipated social and environmental impacts and their mitigation measures. The consultations went very well and effective and the discussions were documented. Results of the consultation were positive, with local people considering that the road will bring significant economic benefits to the barangays and increase trade flows. Concerns on the subproject mainly revolved on its construction phase which can be mitigated. No long term negative environmental impact assessed by the participants. Majority of the respondents cited ease of transport as one of the direct benefits of the road and they are not anticipating any negative impact of the subproject to the environment.

10. A grievance redress mechanism will be established by the LGU of Cagayan de Oro City prior to commencement of site works to ensure that complaints of affected persons, especially the IPs/ICCs, and other stakeholders regarding the project’s environmental performance are promptly addressed. Furthermore, giving primacy to the traditional conflict resolution system, grievance procedure has been separately set in accordance with the tribe’s customary laws and the requirements of IPRA or RA 8371.

11. The IEE includes an environmental management plan (EMP) which details the mitigation measures, environmental monitoring activities, institutional responsibilities, and environmental management capacity building. The LGU through its City Planning and Development Office and the City Engineering Office will ensure that relevant EMP provisions are included in bid and contract documents for detailed design, project supervision, and civil works. During construction, they will closely conduct monitoring the contractor’s environmental 2

performance and over-all EMP implementation. Semi-annual environmental monitoring reports will be submitted by the LGU to ADB, and such reports will be posted on ADB’s website for public disclosure.

12. The major positive impact of the project will be in the economic aspect, as well as better accessibility. The subproject will directly benefit the people located within the barangay, especially the IPs/ICCs, through improved access to basic services, and economic development. Environmental consideration of the proposed subproject will be incorporated in an Environmental Impact Assessment Management and Monitoring Plan (EIAMMP) where possible adverse impacts will be identified including the corresponding mitigating measures in every phase of subproject implementation. This subproject will have overall beneficial impact to the stakeholders within the influence area, especially the IPs/ICCs, and will have minor negative impacts that will be carefully monitored and adequately mitigated through the implementation of the EMP.

II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

A. Environmental Clearance Requirements

1. Government Environmental Laws, Regulations and Guidelines

13. According to the EMB Memorandum Circular 005 - 2014, the environmental category of a project is decided based on the type of the project (whether it falls within the ‘Environmental Critical Project’, ECP type), location of the project (whether it falls within the ‘Environmental Critical Areas’, ECA category), and size of the project. A summary list of ECPs and ECA categories are presented in Table 1.

Table 1:Summary List of ECP Types and ECA Categories A. List of ECPs As declared by Proclamation No. 2146 (1981) 1. Heavy Industries – Non-ferrous Metal Industries, Iron and Steel Mills, Petroleum and Petro-chemical Industries including Oil and Gas, Smelting Plants 2. Resource Extractive Industries – Major Mining and Quarrying Projects, Forestry Projects (logging, major wood processing projects, introduction of fauna (exotic animals) in public and private forests, forest occupancy, extraction of mangrove products, grazing), Fishery Projects (dikes for/ and fishpond development projects) 3. Infrastructure Projects – Major Dams, Major Power Plants (fossil-fueled, nuclear fueled, hydroelectric or geothermal), Major Reclamation Projects, Major Roads and Bridges As declared by Proclamation No. 803 (1996) 4. All golf course projects B. List of ECA Categories - As declared by Proclamation No. 2146 (1981) 1. All areas declared by law as national parks, watershed reserves, wildlife preserves, sanctuaries 2. Areas set aside as aesthetic potential tourist spots 3. Areas which constitute the habitat of any endangered or threatened species of Philippine wildlife (flora and fauna)

4. Areas of unique historic, archaeological, or scientific interests 5. Areas which are traditionally occupied by cultural communities or tribes 6. Areas frequently visited and/or hard-hit by natural calamities (geologic hazards, floods, typhoons, volcanic activity, etc.) 7. Areas with critical slopes 8. Areas classified as prime agricultural lands 9. Recharged areas of aquifers 10. Water bodies characterized by one or any combination of the following conditions: tapped for domestic purposes; within the controlled and/or protected areas declared by appropriate authorities; which support wildlife and fishery activities 11. Mangrove areas characterized by one or any combination of the following conditions: with primary pristine and dense young growth; adjoining mouth of major river systems; near or adjacent to traditional productive fry or fishing grounds; areas which act as natural buffers against shore erosion, strong winds and storm floods; areas on which people are dependent for their livelihood. 12. Coral reefs characterized by one or any combination of the following conditions: With 50% and above live coralline cover; Spawning and nursery grounds for fish; Act as natural breakwater of coastlines

14. Based on the type, size, and location the projects have been classified into three (3) major groups, as follows:

 Group I (ECPs): ECPs in either ECAs or NECAs – Environmentally Critical Projects in either Environmentally Critical Areas or Non-Environmentally Critical Areas. These projects require the proponent to submit ‘Environmental Impact Statement’ report to secure ‘Environmental Compliance Certificate’ from DENR’s Environment Management Bureau (EMB). Table 2 gives the size of the road and bridge projects that fall in to Group 1;  Group II (NECPs): NECPS in ECAs – Non-Environmentally Critical Projects in Environmentally Critical Areas. These projects require proponent to submit either ‘Initial Environmental Examination’ Report or ‘Project Description Report ‘based on the size of the project (see Table 2) to secure either ECC or ‘Certificate of Non-Coverage’;  Group III (Non-C o v e re d Projects): NECPs in NECS – Non- Environmentally Critical Projects in Non-Environmentally Critical Areas. PDR required to be submitted for Enhancement Mitigation Projects for confirmation of benign nature of proposed activity, and CNC is required to be secured. All other projects shall be at the option of the proponent to prepare a PDR as a basis for CNC, should the proponent opt to secure one.

Table 2: INREMP subprojects threshold for coverage screening and categorization (EMB-MC 005-2014) Not covered Covered (Required to secure ECC) (may secure CNC) Projects within the Project size CATEGORY A: ECP CATEGORY B: Non-ECP CATEGORY D INREMP Menu of parameters / Project Subprojects Remarks EIS EIS IEE Checklist Description (Part I only) HEAVY AND OTHER PROCESSING/ MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES Food preservation (e.g. drying, freezing) and Regardless of None None None similar methods aside capacity from canning Agricultural processing including rice, corn, > 5,000 MT Annual vegetables, fruits and none ≥ 50,000 MT but < 50,000 <5,000 MT production other agricultural MT rate products > ton/hr or mill with polishing Hourly (regardless of Rice/Corn mill None None production production ≤ 1 ton/hr rate rate if with polishing) Other types of food (and other food by- Annual > 200 MT but products, additives, None < 200 MT production ≥ 50,000 MT < 50,000 MT etc.) processing rate industries RESOURCES EXTRATIVE INDUSTRIES Other Forestry Annual 3 Projects; Forestry ≥ 5,000 m 100 m3 but volume of 3 but <10,000 ≥ <100 m3 project co-managed ≥ 10,000 m <5,000 m3 trees to be m3 with DENR cut 3 Equivalent Wood processing ≥ 4,000 m 3 but 3 but <10,000 ≥ 100 m <100 m3 products per projects ≥ 10,000 m <4,000 m3 m3 year Livestock Animal Industries > 100 but Stocking (Livestock/Piggery None ≥ 5,000 <100 heads heads 5,000 heads population Projects – e.g. pigs/goats) INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS Irrigation projects ≥1,000 >300 but (distribution system None hectares <1,000 ≤300 hectares Service area only) (service area) hectares With water source (e.g. infiltration gallery, etc.) and water Level III Level II / Level I Water Supply Projects None treatment (Distribution Water refilling (without dam) facilities system only) station including desalination, reverse osmosis (RO) >50% >50% increase in increase in capacity (or in capacity (or terms of in terms of length/width) >50% increase in length/width) AND capacity (or in Roads, widening, AND >2km but terms of rehabilitation and/or None ≥20km, <20km, improvement (length with length/width) BUT ≤ (length with 2km increase in no critical no critical length slope) OR slope) OR ≥10km (length with ≥10km (length with critical critical slope) slope)

Not covered Covered (Required to secure ECC) (may secure CNC) Projects within the Project size CATEGORY A: ECP CATEGORY B: Non-ECP CATEGORY D INREMP Menu of parameters / Project Subprojects Remarks EIS EIS IEE Checklist Description (Part I only) Total/gross floor area Storage facilities with >1 hectare including no hazardous or toxic None ≥ 5 hectare but ≤ 1 hectare parking, materials. <5 hectare open space and other areas

15. This subproject is an improvement of existing barangay road which falls under the group of Non-ECP. The subproject is the rehabilitation of access road with no more than 50% increase in capacity and >2 km but <20km in length with no critical slope. The City of Cagayan de Oro as a proponent initiated the application to the Environmental Management Bureau (EMB) in the EMB Region 10 on 08 November 2018. A copy of the payment for CNC application is attached in Appendix 1.

2. ADB Environmental Assessment Requirements

16. According to ADB guidelines, the process of determining a project’s environment category is to prepare a Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) screening checklist, taking into account the type, size, and location of the proposed project. Based on ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 (SPS 2009), a project is classified as one (1) of the four (4) environmental categories (A, B, C, or FI), as follows:

• Category A: Projects with potential for significant adverse environmental impacts that are irreversible, diverse or unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area larger than the sites or facilities subject to physical works. An environmental impact assessment is required;

• Category B: Projects judged to have some adverse environmental impacts, but of lesser degree and/or significance than those for category A projects. Impacts are site- specific, few if any of them are irreversible, and in most cases mitigation measures can be designed more readily than for Category A projects. An initial environmental examination (IEE) is required;

• Category C: Projects likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. No environmental assessment is required although environmental implications are still reviewed; and

• Category FI: Projects are classified as category FI if they involve investment of funds to or through a financial intermediary. Where the FI’s investment have minimal or no adverse environmental risks. The FI project will be treated as Category C. All other FI’s must establish and maintain an environmental and social management system and must comply with the environmental safeguards requirements specified in SPS 2009 if the FI’s subprojects have the potential for significant adverse environmental impacts.

17. According to Philippines’ environmental guidelines, the Project or Sub-project can be considered as either under Group II or III while ADB has categorized the Project as environment Category B. Hence, this IEE has been prepared to meet the requirements of both the ADB and the Philippine Government. Upon ADB’s receipt of the final IEE from the proponent, this will be publicly disclosed through posting on ADB’s website.

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

A. Overview

18. The general objective of the proposed rehabilitation of Barangay Balubal-Sitio Laguilay access road is the provision of all-year-round safe, easy and affordable access, thereby, improving the prompt delivery of basic social services, increasing economic opportunities and conditions, and upliftment of the quality of life of the Barangay and the community, especially the IPs/ICCs, and support the INREMP NRM activities of the Peoples Organization (PO), Balubal Integrated Social Forestry Farmers Association, Inc. (BISFFA, Inc).

19. The necessity of designing a concrete access road and foot trail for this subproject is based on the actual site condition. Currently, the roadway is susceptible to damages due to higher slope terrain wherein, during heavy rains/downpour, the base of the roadway is usually eroded and even created canals crossing or along the roadbed all the way down to the proposed concrete spillway.

B. Project Location

20. Cagayan de Oro City is the Gateway to Northern Mindanao. It is geographically nestled between the central coastline of Macajalar Bay to the North and the naturally-rich plateau and mountains of Bukidnon and Lanao del Norte to the South. The Municipality of Opol bounds the City on the west while the Municipality of Tagoloan, with its heavy industrial activities, is its immediate neighbor to the east. The City lies between the latitudes 8° 14’ 00” to 8° 31’ 5” north, and longitudes 124° 27’ 00” to 124° 49’ 00” east (Figure 1).

21. The City of Cagayan de Oro is the largest City in Northern Mindanao (Region 10). It has an area of about 57,851 ha, characterized by a narrow coastal plain along the Macajalar Bay and by highland areas separated by steeply inclined escarpment. The lowland is relatively flat and its average elevation is not more than 10 m above the mean sea level (msl). The highlands bound the City in the south from east to west. They consist of plateaus, terraces, and gorges, and its relative territorial size is about 3.4% of the northern Mindanao region (i.e., region 10); and about 16.2% of Misamis Oriental (or about 357,110 ha).

22. Barangay Balubal is one of the 40 rural barangays in the city of Cagayan de Oro. It has a total land area of 721 hectares representing 3% of the entire Agusan-Cugman Cluster of Watersheds. The Barangay is made up of seven (7) purok of which the three (3) sitios are classified as forestland. The barangay’s topography is characterized by rugged terrain with rolling and hilly portions of the mountains, which is separated by rivers and creeks also serving as the common natural boundaries among other barangays and municipalities.

Figure 1: Map of Cagayan de Oro City

C. Project Rationale

23. The rehabilitation of Barangay Balubal-Sitio Laguilay access road and foot trail is the urgent need of the community considering that the condition of the existing road is poor and unsatisfactory, with a deep like canal, crossing and passing along the road. The presence as well of boulder rocks on the roadway surface with higher road slope makes the way unpassable by any vehicle. Such difficulty of the road condition brought inconvenience to the constituents living in the area as it is the only way going to the other sitios from the barangay proper. The modes of transportation in the vicinity are merely by means of carabaos, horses, and cows or by foot going to the influence areas.

24. The proposed road and foot trail to be rehabilitated will be connected by the spillway proposed to be constructed. The importance of the spillway construction would not just be for easier transport of goods and delivery of services but for the safety of the residents crossing the said river as well. During the September 6, 2017 IEE public consultation, a member of the PO and supposedly a participant of the said consultation was not able to join since he lost his life when he was unfortunately carried away by the sudden raging river. Accordingly, since the start of the formulation of the RI subproject proposal, there were already two (2) people who died crossing the Agusan River particularly during occurrence of heavy downpour of rain.

25. The Brgy. Balubal is made up of seven (7) puroks of which the three (3) are classified as forestland. The Balubal Integrated Social Forestry Farmers Association (BISFFA) has secured a Community-Based Forest Management Agreement (CBFMA) tenurial instrument from the DENR. During the community mapping with the BISFFA and DENR INREMP staff, it was identified that there is an area of 144.17 hectares available for agroforestry.

D. Project Development Plan

1. Project Components

26. The works necessary in the implementation of the subproject shall be in accordance with the standard plans and work program, and shall include the furnishing of all materials, labor, equipment, tools, and other incidentals necessary to complete the work. Alignment, grades, and invert levels of proposed structures maybe adjusted to suit the actual field conditions and shall be subjected for proper clearance from the appropriate office. Distance, elevations, and other measurements as indicated on plans are in meters, unless otherwise specified.

27. Based on the program of works, the proposed construction of the spillway including the rehabilitation of the existing access road and foot trail from Barangay Balubal to Sitio Laguilay has three (3) components. The first component is the construction of a spillway with an estimated length of 24.4 m and width of 6 m. The second component is the concreting of an existing road with an estimated length of 603 m and width of 6 m including the drainage and railings. The third component is the concreting of an existing 1.165 km-footrail.

28. The following are the proposed technical specifications of the primary construction materials of the subproject:

Clearing and Grubbing (Spl-1)

This item shall consist of clearing, grubbing, removing and disposing all vegetation and debris as designated in the contract, except those objects that are designated to remain in place or to be removed in consonance with other provisions of this Specification. The work shall also include the preservation from any injury of defacement of all objects designated to remain

Structure Excavation (Item 103)

Necessary for foundation and drainage system as called for in the plans shall include the disposal of surplus excavated materials and the back-filling and compacting of the completed structures, it shall also include the furnishing, placing and compacting of approved foundation fill materials to replace unsuitable materials if necessary.

Aggregate Base Course (Item 201)

Shall consist of furnishing materials, placing, grading and compacting of aggregate base course materials on a prepared sub-grade/sub-base in accordance with the specifications and lines, grades, thickness and typical cross-section as shown on the plans, or as established by the Engineer. Materials shall consist of hard, durable particles of fragments of crushed natural gravel and filler of natural or crushed sand or other finely divided mineral matter. Base course materials shall conform to the Table 201.1 Grading requirements of the DPWH Standard Specifications for Highways and Bridges. Compacting shall be in accordance with all the compaction requirements Aggregate Sub-Base Course.

Structural Concrete (Item 405)

This Item shall consist of furnishing, placing and finishing concrete in all structures except pavements is in accordance with this Specification and conforming to the lines, grades, and dimensions shown on the Plans. Concrete shall consist of mixtures of Portland Cement, fine aggregates, coarse aggregates, admixtures when specified, and water proportioned in accordance with the requirements of each class of concrete as specified in Table 405.2 using Absolute Volume Method as outlined in ACI Standard and the strength requirements of each class of concrete used as shown on working drawing shall conform as specified therein.

Plain Riprap, Grouted Riprap and Stone Masory (Item 505)

Structures for the proposed slope protection shall consist of the bed preparation and creek/river channel protection, furnishing and placing of riprap with grout stone masonry and grout, in accordance with the lines, grades and dimensions shown on the Plans, Rocks shall be nearly rectangular and shall conform to the class as indicated on working drawing.

2. Description of the Project Phases

Pre-Construction Phase

29. This phase would involve the social preparation (to include organizational strengthening, planning, identification and prioritization of community needs) of the community for the entry of the subproject to the site, conduct of pre-engineering activities covering detailed survey works to determine alignment of roads and canal systems, preparation of the detailed engineering plans and programs of work. These activities will be conducted by the proponent technical staff, partner line agencies, community beneficiaries, including the IPs/ICCs, and the contractor.

Construction Phase

30. This phase would involve the mobilization of construction equipment, construction workers and materials to the specific subproject site after which the longer period of actual construction work will commence. The construction phase will end up with the demobilization of construction equipment, workers and other construction paraphernalia from the construction site. Majority of these activities will be undertaken by the contractor and community beneficiaries under the close supervision of the SPMU, most especially by the City Engineering Unit. Prior to actual mobilization, however, a community assembly among the beneficiaries will be undertaken, including the IPs/ICCs.

Operation Phase and Maintenance Phase

31. This phase involves the actual maintenance of the rehabilitated access road during its expected economic life. Monitoring tools and parameters will be set forth in the MOA that the LGU and DENR have signed to ensure sustainability of the constructed facility. The specific monitoring items and parameters, location and frequency, monitoring responsibilities and sources of budget are presented in the EIAMMP.

Abandonment Phase

32. This phase is included in the project demobilization. The proponent does not intend to abandon any facilities and unserviceable equipment used during construction. The project location will not be abandoned in disorderly condition but instead restored for functional use. Following the completion of the construction, the proponent will dismantle temporary shelters and the construction yard including unserviceable vehicles and equipment.

33. Wastes arising from the abandonment are expected to be minimal. These wastes could include small volumes of left-over sand and gravel, re-bars and other steel materials (i.e., nails and welding roads), cement sacks, tarpaulins, lumber, used oil and grease.

3. Manpower Requirements

34. Construction activities will require hiring of skilled and unskilled manpower. It is assumed that some skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled manpower will be available in the influence area, taking into consideration the women and the IPs/ICCs. Skilled manpower not available in the locality may be sourced out from other nearby localities. Technical manpower will be a complementation of specialists to be provided by locally known engineering firms.

35. During the construction phase, a workforce consisting of contractual and regular laborers will be employed, which include qualified women and members of the IPs/ICCs, to carry out the construction of the proposed subproject.

36. The Contractor shall employ qualified and sufficient staff to carry out inspections, testing and monitoring for the subproject.

4. Project Cost

37. The subproject will be implemented by the local government of Cagayan de Oro City by contracting through the Harmonized Philippine Bidding Process. The proposed subproject costs an estimated amount of Php 17,166,500.00 with a projected construction duration of 245 calendar days.

38. The total subproject cost has a cost-sharing of 80% (Php 13,733,200.00) from INREMP fund and 20% (Php 3,433,300.00) from the LGU of Cagayan de Oro City as counterpart or equity.

39. Aside from the equity counterpart provided by the LGU of Cagayan de Oro City for the subproject, it has also allocated amount intended for the preparation of the project such as seminars, preparation of feasibility study (or subproject proposal document) and detailed engineering, survey of the project site and evaluation by the personnel from different sectors who are involved in the planning and implementation of the subproject. Breakdown of cost estimates is presented in Table 3.

Table 3: Breakdown of Cost Estimates

5. Project Duration and Schedule

40. After the conduct of technical assistance provided by CESM, INREMP Regional and Provincial staff in May 17, 2017, the LGU-SPMU started the preparation of the subproject proposal. When found substantial, it will be endorsed to the ADB for the request of NOL. Simultaneously, the DED has been prepared by the LGU Engineering Unit. The DED shall then be translated into a Bidding Document once the SPD is approved. Table 4 shows the indicative implementation schedule showing May 2020 as the subproject’s completion and turnover.

Table 4: Indicative Implementation Schedule RI subproject 2018 2019 2020 Milestones J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M SPD Preparation Final Review of SPD SPD Approved DED Preparation Procurement Stage Construction Stage Completion and Turn-over O&M Activities

IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

41. The Barangay of Balubal belongs to the Agusan River Subwatershed which is a micro- watershed of the Agusan-Cugman Cluster of River Watersheds (ACRW). The ACRW has a land area of about 37,178 ha and is located in the Bukidnon Upper River Basin (BURB), within portions of Misamis Oriental and Province of Bukidnon. Particularly, it falls within the Municipalities of Manolo Fortich and Libona, Bukidnon, and the City of Cagayan de Oro and Tagoloan, Misamis Oriental. It includes the following micro river watersheds, namely; Bigaan, Cugman, Umalag, Agusan, and Alae (Figure 2).

Figure 2: Relative Location and Distribution of Sub-watersheds in the BURB

A. Elevation and Slope

42. The slope of the watershed affects the momentum of the surface runoff. Slope reflects the rate of change in elevation with respect to distance along the principal flow path. In particular, the elevartion proposed subproject ranged from 114 m asl to 122 m asl with average slope of 7 %. Other details are shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3: Elevation and Slope of the Proposed Road Access subproject

B. Geology

43. The geologic type of municipalities under the Agusan-Cugman Cluster of River Watershed (ACRW). The ACRW has a very complex geologic evolution as it is underlain by different rock formations of varying ages and thickness. These rock formations were named, described, and dated by Pacis in 1961, which were later updated through follow-up detailed geologic studies in some areas in 1990 by Mines and Geo-Sciences Bureau, DENR-10. Furthermore, the ACRW is dominated by Pliocene-quarternary which comprises about 27,576 ha of land distributed in Cagayan de Oro City (9,307 ha), Tagoloan (752 ha), Manolo Fortich (2,910 ha), Libona (12,576 ha), and Baungon (1,852 ha). As far as the access road subproject influence area is concerned, it falls mainly within the Pliocene-quarternary.

C. Soil Profile

44. The soil profiles along Agusan-Cugman River Watershed has 10 soil series/profiles identified namely; Adtuyan clay, Kidapawan clay/Kidapawan clay loam, Umingan clay loam, Mountain soil (Undifferentiated), Bolinao clay, limodian clay, Jasaan silt loam/Jasan clay loam, Jasaan clay, Beach sand, and San Manuel loam. The soil of Agusan-Cugman River Watershed was characterized as predominantly having Adtuyan Clay which accounts for an area of about 13,954 ha (51%), followed by Mountain soil (undifferentiated) with an area of about 9,062 ha (33 %).

45. Based on observation, soils within ACRW are developed from coastal landscape. They have moderately deep soils while broad alluvial plains landscape has moderately deep-to- deep with occasional shallow soils. However, for residual terrace having level to gently sloping and sloping to undulating physiography, they have moderately deep-to-deep with occasional shallow soils. Foot slope landscape developed from pyroclastic have shallow to moderately deep soils. Limestone landscape has shallow to moderately deep soils. Shale and sandstone landscape have moderately deep soils. Volcanic hills and mountain landscape have moderately deep-to-deep soils, while miscellaneous land type developed from conglomerate, basalt, and adresite materials have shallow to moderately deep soils.

D. Water Quality

46. The Agusan-Cugman River was classified as ‘Class A’ waters based on the DENR Memorandum Circular No. 7, series of 1993. The usage of Class A water is for sources of water supply that will require complete treatment (coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection) in order to meet the National Standard for Drinking Water. Table 5 shows the laboratory analysis of physical and chemical properties specifically of the Agusan River subwatershed where Barangay Balubal belongs.

Table 5: Physical and Chemical Water Analysis of Agusan-Cugman River Watershed Station Number DENR Agusan River Sub- 1 2 3 Standards Watershed (max. level) Agusan Bridge, Brgy. Tablon, Sta. Fe Bridge Agusan CDO City Crossing, Libona pH 6.5-8.5 7.17 7.13 6.47 Turbidity, NTU 5 units 44 53 0 Nitrate, mg/L 30 mg/L 3.17 2.63 2.52 Temperature 3 oC 28.38 28.18 24.42 Phosphate 0.1 mg/L 0.72 0.85 1.23 Dissolved Oxygen (DO) 5 mg/L 8.0 8.0 8.2 Biological Oxygen demand 5 mg/L 1 1 3 (BOD) Total Suspended (TSS) 50 mg/L 22 20 20 Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) 1,000 mg/L 444.57 48.57 38.86 Fecal Coliform, MPN/100ml 1.000 mg/L 12,000 4,000 2,000 Total Coliform, MPN/100ml 100 mg/L 19,000 4,000 16,000 Source: WQMA EMB, DENR 10, 2014

47. Paratemers such as pH, Nitrate, Temperature, DO, BOD, TSS, and TDS conform to the set standards by the DENR. However, the result of the total and fecal coliforms in three (3) stations did not meet to the set standards value of 1,000 mg/L. Presence of coliforms is an indicator of the presence of pathogenic microorganisms.

48. Amounts of phosphate at all stations are higher than the standard. Usually, a high concentration of phosphate in the water could be attributed with high streamflows and sedimentation rates.

E. Land Classification

49. The legal Land Classifications of ACRW are; the Alienable and Disposable (A and D) area, covering about 22,797 ha (61%), and the forestland, covering about 14,382 ha (39%). The A and D area contains the Built-Up area where several land uses are found; residential, commercial, industrial, institutional, and parks and playground. Infrastructures, like; roads and bridges are also mostly established within the A and D area. Several land uses established from the upstream to midstream, to downstream are as follows; agriculture (irrigation of high value crops and rice, or production of cereal grains), fruit trees, fishery, livestock, poultry/orchard, and the like.

50. Barangay Balubal is made up of seven (7) puroks of which three (3) fall within an area classified as forestland. The Balubal Integrated Social Forestry Farmers Association (BISFFA) has secured a Community-Based Forest Management Agreement (CBFMA) tenurial instrument from the DENR. During the community mapping with the BISFFA and DENR INREMP staff, it was identified that there is an area of 144.17 hectares available for agroforestry. BISFFA is composed of 115 active members in which 61 are male and 54 are female. Eight five percent (85%) of its membership belong to the Higaonon Tribe.

F. Land Cover and Land Use

51. In general, the land cover of the Agusan-Cugman Watershed is dominated by annual crop (13,047 ha), grassland (12,627 ha), and perennial crop (5,859 ha). Forest areas cover only 7.9% (2,916 ha) of the watershed. Highly vegetated portions are found in the municipalities of Baungon and Libonan, which are upstream of the watershed.

52. It must be noted that there are no encroachments of any residential houses or dwellings, institutional structures or properties, crops and trees along the right of way of the proposed rehabilitation of access road. The access road to be rehabilitated is located within an area classified as Alienable and Disposable land. The actual land use types along the subproject road are mostly agricultural lands planted of root crops (gabi, cassava, camote), corn, papaya, pineapple among others.

G. Climate

53. According to the Corona’s Climate Classification, the entire ACRW falls under Type III Climate, which is characterized by seasons that are not pronounced, relatively dry from November to April, and wet during the rest of the year. This type of climate is intermediate between Type I and Type II, although it resembles the first type more closely because it has 16

dry season. Areas of this climate type are partly shielded from the Northeast monsoon but are exposed to the Southwest Monsoon and are also benefited by the rainfall caused by the tropical cyclones.

54. Climatic data were gathered from the Philippine Atmospheric Geographical and Astronomical Service Administration (PAGASA) stations in Molugan, El Salvador City, Misamis Oriental. Daily data from these stations were computed and analyzed. The data covers the period from January 01, 2003 to December 31, 2012 of different climatic parameters, like; rainfall, temperature, relative humidity, wind velocity, and solar radiation. Results were incorporated in this report to have a better understanding of the variations of the agro-climatic parameters and the climatic requirement of crops which are very essential in over-all agricultural development planning. More importantly, the actual climatic behavior is important in the implementation of the access road subproject, which may have impact in the schedule of activities.

55. Rainfall and other climatic data were analyzed to show the distribution pattern over the area. As shown in Table 6, the highest average rainfall distribution is in the month of August with 913 mm, having an average annual rainfall of 1,957 mm. However, the other climatic factors affecting the ACRW are due to the several air masses that flow over Mindanao. This is the southwest monsoon which is dominant during the months of June to October. Consequently, rains in the month of November to January are brought about by the Northeasterly wind currents which come directly from over the Pacific Ocean and bring precipitation over the eastern part of the ACRW. Coming from this direction, these precipitations are usually called Northwest monsoon rains. The months of February and March are affected by the Northeast monsoon and the North Pacific trade winds. The month of May represents the transition period between the trade winds season and southeast monsoon, and rainfall amount during this period is determined mainly by orography (PAGASA, 2014).

Table 6: Rainfall Distribution (mm) from January 2009 – December 2013 Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Total

2009 457 207.1 1 155 233.7 189.9 308.1 138.6 209.7 107.1 329.3 36.2 2,372.70

2010 153.2 0.4 23.3 16.4 153.5 155.3 353.2 212.2 264.8 279.7 62.8 131.8 1,806.60

2011 181.3 166.3 130.8 34.9 118.3 231.6 182.5 226.8 232.3 209.1 115.6 333.6 2,163.10

2012 24.2 122.9 67.4 74.2 152.7 144.9 273.7 124.6 200.3 185.2 42.3 207 1,619.40

2013 211.1 91.3 61.2 89.3 201.1 310.4 268.2 211.4 162 103.5 103.5 13.7 1,826.70

Total 1026.8 588 283.7 369.8 859.3 1032.1 1385.7 913.6 1069.1 884.6 653.5 722.3 9,788.50

Average 1,957.70

Source: PAG-ASA weather station, Molugan, El Salvador City (2014)

J. Biological Environment

56. The proposed subproject falls within the Agusan-Cugman River Watershed. The watershed used to have a diverse population of flora and fauna based on the biodiversity assessment conducted by the DENR in 2014.

57. In particular, the proposed access rehabilitation subproject is outside to the Mt. Kitanglad National Park, which is about 25 km away. The City of Cagayan de Oro staff, RPCO technical staff and its consultant have evaluated that there are no trees within right of way and no endangered and critically endangered species of fauna within the proposed road rehabilitation project during the field validation conducted on May 17 – 19, 2017. Photographs during the said validation is shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4: Photographs of vegetative conditions along the proposed road access improvement in Balubal, Cagayan de Oro, Misamis Oriental

1. Flora

58. The ACRW contains a small part of the Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park (MKRNP). Previous floral inventories revealed that the protected area is a habitat of endangered, endemic, rare, and economically important floral species. At least 58 families and 185 species of trees and other woody vegetation were recorded. Three hundred forty-five (345) fern species were also recorded that exist within the protected area, of which 69 are endemic in the locality. Forest area is estimated to be found along the hills and mountains, specifically, in the foot slope of Mt. Kitanglad. Patches of trees especially yemane and mahogany, are grown along the riverbanks and ridges. In the forested area of Malasag watershed, yemane, teak, mahogany, pine trees, and giant ipil-ipil exist.

2. Fauna

59. There are several wildlife species in the mountain ranges of the ACRW that are unfortunately identified as threatened and are categorized as extinct, endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, and insufficiently known. These endemic faunas are mostly found inhabiting the hills and peaks of Mt. Kitanglad ranges. At present, five (5) are commercially threatened, while 3 are extinct. Among these is the most famous Philippine Eagle, locally named as “Kidugaw” or” Kalumbata”, whose rarity attracts local and foreign scientists, environmentalist, and bird watchers. However, the population of other well-known species, such as; Salarong (Phil. Deer), kabal (Flying Lemur), Baboy Kalasanon (Wild Pig), and Tungkago (Rufous hornbill), are rapidly declining due to unregulated game hunting. These species are all recommended for conservation and preservation. Policies and regulations for the protection should be implemented to preserve, particularly those endangered species.

60. There are 25 species also listed in ACRW, and majority of the species belong to Avian family. The avian species are generally adapted in urban, as well as, rural agricultural areas. The Eurasian tree sparrow is the most common in the ACRW. The chestnut manikin (Maya), Glossy swiftlet, as well as, Hirundu spp. (sayaw), thrive in the ACRW. Within the stretch of the ACRW, the common field rat (rattus spp.) is frequently cited in the ACRW. The status of faunal species in the ACRW indicates that the watershed has been disturbed and is filled with existing infrastructure projects and establishments. Most species across the highest elevation are very accustomed to humans.

K. Socio-Economic Conditions

1. Population of Barangay Balubal (The Road Influence Area)

61. Barangay Balubal has a total population of 5,947 of which 3,042 (51%) are male and 2,905 (49%) are female based on the 2015 CBMS (Community Based Monitoring System) Survey. Within the project’s influence area, there is a total population of 4,441 with 2,279 males and 2,162 females with the same percentage of male and female as the barangay population. Furthermore, the said survey recorded that a household in the barangay has an average size of 5 members. The barangay has a total of 1,381 households.

Table 7: Sex-Disaggregated Barangay Population including Project Influence Area Purok Male Female Total Purok 1 1,357 1,238 2,595 Purok 2 773 750 1,523 Purok 3 149 174 323 Subtotal (PIA) 2,279 2,162 4,441 Purok 4 120 117 237 Purok 5 145 108 253 Purok 6 151 153 304 Purok 7 347 365 712 TOTAL 3,042 2,905 5,947 Source: 2015 CBMS Survey

62. The Higaonon Tribe in the barangay has a total of 185 individuals comprising 3.11 % of the total population; 87 are male and 98 are female. Within the project’s influence area, there are 154 Higaonons comprising 57 males and 97 females.

Table 8: Sex-Disaggregated Barangay IP Population including Project Influence Area (PIA)

Male Female Total Purok Purok 1 35 43 78 Purok 2 20 51 71 Purok 3 2 3 5 Subtotal (PIA) 57 97 154 Purok 4 2 0 2 Purok 5 2 1 3 Purok 6 0 0 0 Purok 7 26 0 26 TOTAL 87 98 185 Source: 2015 CBMS Survey

2. People’s Organization

63. The Balubal Integrated Social Forestry Farmers Association (BISFFA) has secured a Community-Based Forest Management Agreement (CBFMA) tenurial instrument from the DENR. During the community mapping with the BISFFA and DENR INREMP staff, it was identified that there is an area of 144.17 hectares available for agroforestry. BISFFA is composed of 115 active members in which 61 are male and 54 are female. Eight five percent (85%) of its membership belong to the Higaonon Tribe.

3. Education

64. Barangay Balubal has one (1) public elementary school from with 21 teaching personnel. On the December 2011, the City was hardly hit by typhoon “Sendong” that resulted to the damages and loss of properties and lives. Consequently, relocation sites have been constructed in the barangay which resulted to the increase of enrollees.

65. For its high school, the City Government thru a resolution converted a lot supposedly for housing lot into a site for the construction of high school buildings, through ordinance No. 90224-2003. The school began its operation on June 26, 2004 with only forty-three (43) students in the first year and two (2) Local School Board teachers. The first two classrooms were makeshifts, made of native and local materials, namely, nipa, bamboo and coco lumber. Currently, the High School Department has fifteen (15) teachers, twelve (12) of which are in Junior High School and three (3) for Senior High School.

66. Figures show that the enrolment manifested an average increase of 11.90%. As presented and explained previously, the influx of subdivisions and relocation housing projects became the major factors in the increase of enrolment in both public elementary and secondary schools to an average of 11.90%.

4. Health and Sanitation

67. With the concerted efforts of the residents of Barangay Balubal in implementing RA 9003 or the Solid Waste Management Law, the barangay has regularly been awarded as one of the Top Ten (10) Cleanest Barangays in Cagayan de Oro City. Waste segregation is strictly upheld in all households, particularly in Poblacion. Waste materials are regularly collected by the City Environment and Natural Resources Office (CLENRO) twice weekly through its mini- dump truck, while recyclable materials are deposited in the Materials Recovery Facilities (MRF) stationed at the heart of Poblacion. Some households collect re-usables and sold them to potential buyers. The barangay council also conducts regular monthly clean-up drive and beautification participated by all residents in maintaining the orderliness of the surroundings. Alongside the development of the environment, the sense of camaraderie of the residence is also strengthened.

68. Barangay Balubal has one (1) Health Center under the supervision of the City Health Office, providing varied and effective health services to the residents. The health personnel manning the Health Center are the following: One (1) Midwife with the following responsibilities: conducting prenatal check-ups, imparting of health teachings to residents relevant to health issues, supervising Barangay Health Workers, performing home visits and conducting family planning lectures; One (1) Nurse with the following responsibilities: supervising Midwives, implementing Immunization Programs, administering medications per physician’s orders; Eleven (11) Barangay Health Workers (BHWs): gathering, monitoring, reporting and recording of any incidence of disease or any health cases in the community, conducting de-worming and home visits `under the supervision of the midwife, administering Vitamin A to children 5 years-old and below; Two (2) Barangay Nutrition Scholars (BNS): implement feeding activities.

5. Income and Expenditure

69. Among the five (5) Watersheds within the ACRW, Cagayan de Oro has the highest LGU income with an average earning of PhP 1,951,129,972.41 for the past three (3) years. The city’s major sources of income are from employment, business, agricultural, and forest products, such as; Corn, Rice, Vegetables, and Fruits. The residents of Cagayan de Oro have an average HH income of Php176,552/annum for off and Farm Workers. In contrast, the municipality of Manolo Fortich has the lowest average income of Php45,668,901/annum. Although, it is the home of Del Monte Philippines, Inc. (DMPI), a multi-national company engaged in the production of fresh pineapple fruits, the income of the residents heavily relies on crop production.

70. In Barangay Balubal, most of the residents are living in comfortable houses built with mixed concrete and wooden structures and only a few houses are built of nipa and bamboo. There are also houses built by the city government and private housing projects. According to the barangay LGU, the average household annual income is Php 62,400.00 which is based on a daily income of Php 200.00 only.

71. The real property tax and Internal Revenue Allotment are the two (2) sources of revenue of Barangay Balubal. Table 10 below shows that from 2013-2015, the total revenue against the expenditures are just even. According to the City Government, this indicates that the Barangay LGU is keener on spending the money for its priority projects rather than saving it.

Table 9: Barangay Balubal 2013-2015 Revenue and Expenditures Year Revenue Expenditures Percentage (Usage) Surplus 2015 2,645,349.00 2,645,349.00 100 0.00 2014 2,371,458.00 2,371,458.00 100 0.00 2013 2,150,843.00 2,150,843.00 100 0.00 Source: 2017 Barangay Balubal BDP

6. Tourism

72. There are a number of potential tourist spots within the vicinity of the barangay such as the Guadalupe Shrine situated in Sitio Igbalalay where, during the season of the Holy Week, hundreds of Saint Guadalupe devotees visit. In addition, the Laguilay falls at Sitio Laguilay and Kibaga Cave and spring provide fresh water and could be a venue for river or cave trekking activities. These potential tourist sites can provide additional income or employment to the residents and would be conceivable if infrastructure development in the area are pursued.

7. Electricity

73. Barangay Balubal is connected with electricity provided by the Cagayan De Oro Electric Power Company (CEPALCO). Although almost 100% of households have electricity, a few households are still using the kerosene lamp during night time due to the absence of power facilities. It has been seen by the local government that, with the improvement of their access road, additional power facilities would easily be installed by the Company.

8. Road and Transportation

74. Before, the farmer and residents of the project’s influence area went to and from the barangay proper, by foot and animal carriages, through a mere foot path. It brought them inconvenience due to its high slope and usually, aggravated by conditions brought by heavy rains. There was an instance that it was improved but, over the years, the foot path became deficient since it was not maintained.

75. Presently, the Improvement of Barangay Balubal-Sitio Laguilay access road is the urgent need of the community, considering that the condition of the existing road is poor and unsatisfactory, with the deep canal crossing and passing along the road. The presence as well of boulder rocks on the roadway surface with higher road slope, makes the way unpassable by any vehicles. Such difficulty of the road condition brought inconvenience to the constituents living in the area, as it is the only way to pass going to other districts from the barangay proper. The mode of transportation within the vicinity is merely by means of carabaos, horses, and cows or by foot going to the project’s influence areas.

76. The regular mode of transportation from Barangay Balubal to and from the Central Business District of Cagayan de Oro City is mainly by “habal-habal” or motorcycle, specifically going to the national highway or to nearby Barangay Agusan. From there, passengers can then take the jeepneys. Another transportation option would be a few passenger jeepneys stationed at Balubal proper providing two (2) trips only to commuters (morning and afternoon trips).

77. As it is the fundamental mandate of the entire government structure to address socio- economic issues, deficiencies, development needs, and management of natural resources of the community, it is therefore acknowledged that Improvement should be delivered in the area. Infrastructure Improvement, such as the realization of subproject rehabilitation of Barangay Balubal-Sitio Laguilay access road project, as identified by the community for the delivery of basic social services and improve economic viability within the vicinity, should be guaranteed.

V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

78. The IEE, based on the screening of baseline environment and review of proposed civil works, has not identified any major environmental concerns due to proposed rehabilitation of Barangay Balubal – Sitio Laguilay access road and foot trail including the spillway construction given that all the proposed civil works are only asset preservation of existing roadway and are located within existing right-of-way. There will only be localized short-term impacts during construction activities due to implementation of civil works that will be addressed in the detailed design and through implementation of the mitigation and monitoring measures specified in the environmental management plan (EMP). These construction related impacts can be mitigated by: 1) the contractors’ work practices, especially those related to the systematized demolition procedure consistent with approved standard safety requirements; 2) cooperation by the local authorities with the contractor in terms of use of public space and utilities; 3) project management’s strict enforcement of the correct construction practices and standards; 4) the incorporation of the mitigation measures identified in the IEE into the bid documents and specifications; and 5) close monitoring of the contractor’s implementation of the required mitigation measures.

79. The potential environmental impacts resulting from implementation of civil works are expected to be minor and likely short-term since the improvement works will not involve widening and alignment adjustments (Table 10). Detailed environmental mitigation measures have been prepared for all the identified impacts and presented in the environmental management plan under Chapter VIII.

Table 10: Assessment of Potential Environmental Impacts

Potential Environmental Impacts or Values

the Subproject construction would likely

create:

sonry

rati

ba gr

Cul

- -

Storm

face Course face

one

ub ub

ave

Concr

Drai

Course a Base Course Base S

S S Pi Embankme St

Pre

Land surface disturbance – surface scrapping, minor Minor minor minor Minor minor top soil erosion, and vegetative clearing Affects temporal water regime: decrease water minor Minor minor minor Minor minor quantity and quality and flow regularity or seasonality due to altered drainage patterns, water way configuration, sedimentation, turbidity, as well as river flow diversion Altered or impaired hydrology of the immediate minor Minor minor minor Minor minor area: increase peak and flood flows and irregular streamflow

Decrease in downstream natural resources’ minor Minor minor minor Minor minor economic and social values/uses Decrease site’s attraction in terms of losing minor Minor minor minor minor minor some geological or geomorphological values, particularly those of known local, national or international nature conservation importance Vegetation loss affecting rare species habitats, particularly of known local, national or none None none none none none international nature conservation importance Adverse impact on local and transient fauna species (those species whose range may include the project site), particularly those of known local, national or none None none none none none international nature conservation importance.

Bio-invasion of new strain of pests, weeds or rare none None none none none none diseases Frequent incurrence and increased intensity of none None none none none none grassfire Contamination of the immediate and/or broader environment cause by the storage or use of minor Minor minor minor none none chemicals needed for the construction works Air particulate emissions which may cause atmospheric / environmental pollution impacting on minor minor minor minor minor minor human health and livelihood at local or larger scale during construction phase Excessive solid waste accumulation during minor Minor minor minor minor minor infrastructure construction Increase in noise and/or vibration during minor Minor minor minor minor minor construction Unnatural lighting effects that may impact upon flora and fauna, or deplete the sense of none None none none none none naturalness of the area Natural landscape fragmentation and discontinuity none None none none none none Adverse impact on land use and the amenity values of adjacent or downstream areas (including the integrity of agricultural land, or minor Minor minor minor minor minor other industry that the local community may depend on) Adverse impact on existing or potential recreational value and quality of known traditional experience minor Minor minor minor minor minor associated to site natural setting Adverse impact or alter on-sites’ visual value and its surrounding area -from different vantage minor Minor minor minor minor minor points

Rating: None= No adverse impact; Minor= slight negative impact and momentary; Moderate=severe negative impact with duration more than a year or permanent with far reaching spatial range

80. During operation, the project is expected to benefit the environment and socio- economic conditions of the subproject areas through increased delivery of agricultural products, increased tourism, improved access and economic development, reduced dust due to asset preservation, improved road safety due to installation of safety signs, and others.

81. Environmental impacts and proposed mitigation measures during subproject pre- construction, construction and operation phases are described under Chapter VIII. Detailed environmental mitigation measures have been prepared for all the identified impacts and presented in the environmental management plan.

A. Pre-Construction

1. Confirmation of no required resettlement, relocations, and compensation

82. This will be undertaken prior to the commencement of any civil works. The proponent shall conduct consultation meetings with directly affected barangay and concerned PO’s and IP’s and information awareness campaign regarding subproject location.

2. Identification and prioritization of road section where re-gravelling, gravelling and concreting will be done

83. Identification and prioritization of road sections will be give information and participation of the community, particularly women and marginalized sectors. A subproject site validation will be facilitated to ensure that the INREMP validation process on subproject implementation is being complied with and hold consultative meetings with balanced representation of men and women and affected persons on the subproject components and management plan.

3. Preparation of detailed engineering designs and programs of work

84. The detailed engineering designs and programs of work for the subproject have been prepared by the LGU for the completion of the proposed upgraded access road. The detailed designs shall include the identification of spill management prevention and emergency response plans for all construction sites, locate aggregate borrow pits and rock supply areas away from human settlements with fencing and access barriers, and specific plan to notify and provide them schedule to minimize disruption to normal commercial and residential activities.

85. The LGU with assistance from Technical Assistance-Project Management Implementation Consultant (TA-PMIC) will ensure that relevant provisions of the EMP in terms of implementation of environmental mitigation measures, monitoring activities, supervision and reporting are included for civil works and construction supervision.

4. Recruitment of workers

86. The potential impact of the subproject will be hiring of skilled local workers and other unskilled jobs. A robust “local first” hiring policy will be designed and be implemented in coordination with local officials and community leaders especially at the barangay and municipal levels. The Contractor will be required to follow the “local first” hiring policy.

B. Construction

1. Construction materials acquisition, transport access, and storage system

87. The contractors will source construction materials under their own arrangements. Uncontrolled sourcing of such materials could lead to environmental impacts such as the loss of topsoil or the disfigurements of the landscape from borrow pits. Earthen embankments and material stockpiles will be susceptible to erosion, particularly during the rains and re- suspension of dust during the dry seasons.

88. Local roads will be damaged during transportation of borrow materials and by the construction equipment. In order to reduce impact on all borrow sites, contractors will water the local roads close to the settlements used by the borrow trucks. As much as possible, contractors will not make use of productive agricultural land. In case this is unavoidable, the contractor will obtain consent from the land owner and will restore the site to its original condition after completion of civil works.

2. Clearing and removal of obstructions

89. The contractors will initiate clearing and removal of obstructions on the existing road that would result to damaged landscape. The contractors will not use or permit the use of wood as a fuel for the execution of any part of the works. The contractor will be required to minimize damage and cutting of surrounding vegetation during slope formation, and prevent erosion and protect the cut slope with temporary or permanent drainage as soon as practicable after cutting. If new erosion occurs accidentally, back fill immediately to restore original contours.

3. Soil erosion

90. Soil erosion and unstable side slopes susceptible to landslides are noticed along subproject road. The impact of soil erosion and unstable side slope are increased run off and sedimentation causing a greater flood hazard to the downstream, loss of topsoil affects the growth of vegetation that causes ecological imbalances, and development of unsightly cuts and fills that have been riddled by uncontrolled erosion and gullying. Construction activities in high slope areas should be taken up only during dry season.

91. During operation, silt load in the river is expected to be minor due to slope protection structures installed. The contractor will also be required to make additional measures to minimize erosion and landslides during construction phase such as 1) minimize damage and cutting of surrounding vegetation during slope formation, 2) prevent erosion and protect the cut slope with temporary drainage as soon as practicable after cutting, and 3) If new erosion occurs accidentally, back fill immediately to restore original contours.

4. Ground surface leveling and gravelling of existing road

92. During ground surface leveling and gravelling of existing road, the potential impacts would be minor and short-termed to the terrestrial and aquatic resources as well as to the quality of surface water in the river. The contractor is expected to do the following: 1) The 26

construction site should be located away from forested or plantation areas, 2) All construction fluids such as oils, and fuels should be stored and handled away from forested and plantation areas, 3) No waste of any kind is to be discarded on land or in forests/plantations, 4) Erosion channels must be built around aggregate stockpile areas to contain rain-induced erosion, 5) Earthworks should be conducted during dry periods, 6) No waste of any kind is to be thrown in surface waters, 7) No washing or repair of machinery near surface waters, 8) Pit latrines to be located away from surface waters, 9) No unnecessary earthworks in or adjacent to water courses, 10) No aggregate mining from rivers or lakes, and 11) Minimize the use of heavy equipment at steep slopes.

5. Civil works (Concrete Pavement)

93. Since the subproject will mainly involve concrete pavement (with no road widening and realignments), main impacts on land during construction are from air pollution, land and water contamination, and traffic and access problems. The contractor will apply stated mitigating measures during concrete pavement and stone masonry activities such as 1) piling of aggregates at sites should be used/or removed promptly, or covered and placed in non-traffic areas, and 2) all spills should be cleaned immediately and handled as per hazardous waste management plan, and according to government regulations.

6. Implementation of noise and dust control measure

94. During construction, air quality is likely to be degraded by exhaust emissions from the operation of construction equipment, and dust generated from haul roads, unpaved roads, exposed soils and material stock piles.

95. In order to mitigate these, the following will be implemented: 1) Regularly apply wetting agents to exposed soil and construction roads, 2) Cover or keep moist all stockpiles of construction aggregates, and all truckloads of aggregates, 3) Minimize the time for excavations and exposed soil are left open or exposed, 4) Backfill immediately after work is completed, 5) Restrict working time between 7:00 am and 5:00 pm, 6) Maintain equipment in proper working condition, 7) Replace unnecessarily noisy vehicles and machinery, 8) Vehicles and machinery to be turned off when not in use, and 9) Construct temporary noise barriers around excessively noisy activity areas if possible.

7. Dust and noise from borrow pits

96. Noise and dust may be generated from borrow pits. The contractor will ensure the following mitigating measures: 1) Provision of noise control measures to comply with national standards, watering of the earth roads close to the settlements, use covered truck, 2) Secure appropriate environmental permits, 3) The borrow and material dumping sites must be access controlled to keep away unauthorized entry of people, grazing cattle and any other stray animals, and 4) Protective gear like ear plugs will be provided to operating personnel if they are exposed to noise levels beyond threshold limits.

8. Implementation of spoil management and control measure

97. The contractor will ensure that there will be no contamination of land and surface waters from excavated spoils, and construction wastes. The uncontaminated spoils will be disposed of in municipal or provincial designated sites, which must never be in or adjacent surface water. On the other hand, suspicious contaminated soil will be tested, and disposed of in designated sites identified as per government regulations.

9. Solid and liquid construction waste management system

98. Solid and liquide construction waste management system will be facilitated to avoid contamination of land and surface water from the construction wastes. The management of general solid and liquid wastes of construction will follow government regulations to include covering, collecting, handling, transporting, recycling, and disposing waste created from construction activities and the work force. A schedule of solid and liquid waste pickup and disposal will be established and followed to ensure construction sites are as clean as possible. All solid wastes will be separated and recyclables be donated to the barangay. There will be no site-specific landfills established by the contractors. All solid waste will be collected and removed from the work camps and dispose in local waste disposal sites.

10. Water quality

99. The subproject has potential impacts on water quality due to spillway construction, washing of equipment, and leakage and spills from discharge from worker camps to the water resources. To mitigate, there should be a 1) set up silt trap/silting ponds to minimize downstream siltation, 2) set up proper and adequate sanitary facilities, 3) ensure strict observance of proper waste handling and disposal and proper sanitation including by the contractors and its workers, 4) provide wastewater treatment facility (e.g., septic tank), and 5) trucks and other vehicle maintenance should be strictly controlled to prevent the discharge of waste into the river system. Wastewater from the construction works containing high concentration of suspended solids should be treated through sedimentation tanks. 6) The discharge of cement-laden water and slurry during concrete mixing may contaminate water resources and damage productive land in the surrounding areas. To mitigate possible effects of cement-laden water and slurry, the Contractor shall i) collect and retain all the concrete washout water and solids in leak proof containers, so that this does not reach the soil surface and then migrate to surface waters or into the ground water, ii) recycle the collected concrete washout water and solids, and/or iii) use of a washout pit made with a plastic lining that can be dug into the ground or built above grade.

11. Construction drainage system

100. The contractor shall construct drainage systems to facilitate drainage and rain water natural channels. The contractor will also provide adequate short-term drainage away from construction sites to prevent ponding and flooding.

12. Workers health, safety and hygiene

101. Construction sites are likely to have public health impacts. Contractors will ensure that no untreated wastewater is discharged in the river and that no site-specific landfills will be established at the construction camps. There will be a potential for diseases to be transmitted, exacerbated by inadequate health and safety practices. The contractor will therefore be required to recruit or designate a health and safety officer to address such concerns in the work sites and liaise/work with the nearby communities.

102. Mitigation measures include: 1) proper fencing, protective barriers, and buffer zones should be provided around all construction sites, 2) sufficient signage and information disclosure, and supervisors and night guards should be placed, 3) worker and public safety guidelines should be followed, 4) provide adequate sanitation and waste disposal at construction sites, 5) the contractor will not hire children and pregnant women, 6) standing water suitable for disease vector breeding should be filled in, 7) worker education and awareness seminars for construction hazards should be given at the beginning of the construction phase. A construction site safety program should be developed and distributed to workers, 8) appropriate safety clothing, footwear, gloves, hard hats, eye protection and other PPE should be mandatory for all construction workers, 9) adequate medical services must be on site or nearby all construction site, 10) drinking water must be provided at all construction sites, 11) sufficient lighting be used during necessary night work, and 12) all construction sites should be examined daily to ensure unsafe conditions are removed.

13. Traffic safety and management

103. Throughout the construction period, the contractor should ensure that affected people are provided adequate and safe access to properties (structures, land, etc.). During construction, the contractor is responsible for ensuring that all construction vehicles observe speed limits on the construction sites and to provide adequate signage, barriers, and flag persons for traffic control. Sign postings such as ‘men working’, ‘Keep left/right’, ‘construction ahead’, and ‘speed limit’, should be used for traffic management and road safety. As much as possible, road works will be confined to one half of the road width at each section to provide access to pedestrian and vehicles during construction works.

14. Ecological environment (Flora and Fauna)

104. Rehabilitation work will directly cause minor degradation of the local ecology through the clearance of small areas of vegetation at major work sites. A short-term impact on ecology along the rehabilitated road is likely to occur in worksites during the construction period due to minor vegetation clearance. Vegetative cover stripped from the locations described above will be kept for slope protection. It must be noted that there are no trees within right of way and no endangered and critically endangered species within the proposed road rehabilitation project during the field validation conducted on May 17 – 19, 2017. The proposed access rehabilitation subproject is about 25 km away from the Mt. Kitanglad National Park.

105. Meanwhile, the potential impacts from construction worker camps are poaching of edible animals and birds of the locality in spite of prohibitions. The contractors’ will be

responsible for providing adequate knowledge to the workers regarding the protection of fauna. In short, all workers will be prohibited from hunting wild animals.

15. Damage to properties

106. Another potential impact during construction is damaged to properties (structures, irrigation, farmland) and access roads due to civil works, transport of materials and other project-related activities. To address this impact, the contractor will immediately repair and/or compensate for any damage that it causes to properties (houses, farmlands, aquaculture ponds, irrigation canals, and others), community facilities such as water supply, power supply, communication facilities and the like. Access roads used for transport of construction materials and other construction-related activities will be maintained by the Contractor in at least in their pre-project condition for the duration of construction.

16. Concrete washout

107. The discharge of cement-laden water and slurry during concrete mixing may contaminate water resources and damage productive land in the surrounding areas. To mitigate possible effects of cement-laden water and slurry, the Contractor shall 1) collect and retain all the concrete washout water and solids in leak proof containers, so that this does not reach the soil surface and then migrate to surface waters or into the ground water, 2) recycle the collected concrete washout water and solids, and/or 3) use of a washout pit made with a plastic lining that can be dug into the ground or built above grade.

17. Use of hazardous substances

108. Storage and use of fuel, lubricant and other toxic and hazardous chemicals will have potential impacts on soil surface and groundwater contamination. To address this impact, vehicle maintenance and refueling will be confined to areas in construction sites designed (with concrete flooring, drainage leading to oil and water separator, etc.) to contain spilled lubricants and fuels. Spill waste will be disposed to sites approved by the concerned government agency and following national regulations. Adequate precaution will be taken to prevent oil/lubricant/ hazardous substances contamination of channel beds. Spillage if any will be immediately cleared with utmost caution to leave no traces. All areas intended for storage of hazardous materials will be quarantined and provided with adequate facilities to combat emergency situations such as fire, spills, etc. in compliance with all the applicable statutory stipulation. The personnel in-charge of these sites will be properly trained and these areas will be access controlled and entry will be allowed only under authorization. Hazardous wastes will be collected, stored, transported and disposed consistent with national regulations to ensure that these will not cause pollution of surrounding areas.

18. Public safety

109. Some of the mitigation measures that should be implemented are as follows: To mitigate this impact, the following should be addressed by the Contractor: 1) installation of

sturdy fencing around excavation areas and construction sites, 2) provision of proper signage and lighting at night at the periphery of the construction site to warn and direct traffic and pedestrians, 3) deployment of security personnel in hazardous areas to restrict public access, 4) imposition of speed limits for construction vehicles along residential areas and where there are other sensitive receptors, and 5) orientation of drivers on safe driving practices to minimize accidents and to prevent spill of hazardous substances and other construction materials during transport.

C. Operation and Maintenance Phase

1. Operation of upgraded access road

110. The rehabilitation of Bobong Access road will have potentials impacts both positive and negative to the area. The negative impacts will directly involve the increased risk of accident or injury, air pollution and noise, and unplanned urbanization. However, the positive impacts will mainly focus on increased delivery of agricultural products, provide access to natural resources management project sites, and open for tourism businesses. To mitigate these impacts, the proponent and other concerned agencies shall initiate and implement the following: 1) set speed limit when passing through populated area, 2) provide appropriate warning signs and lighting, 3) regular removal of debris, logs and other materials along drainage canals to avoid clogging, 4) regular vegetation control along run-off area to ensure free flow, 5) ensure that existing environmental management policies are effectively implemented and proper coordination involves different agencies, 6) adherence to land use and zoning regulations, and 7) promote tourism in the area through advertisement from the local and nationwide venue.

VI. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION

A. Stakeholder Consultations

111. The IEE process included stakeholder participation and consultation to help LGUs achieve public acceptance of the Sub-project. The series of consultations with Barangay Balubal and local government unit of Cagayan de Oro City including leaders and members of the IP community confirmed that the Barangay Balubal-Sitio Laguilay access road under INREMP is essential for economic development.

112. During these consultations, the proponent with technical assistance of consultant has made presentation of the Sub-project describing the objective of the consultations, project description, proposed civil works, and anticipated environmental impacts and their mitigation measures. The consultations went very well and effective and the discussions were documented. The results of the consultation were positive, with local people considering that the road will bring significant economic benefits to the barangay and increase trade flows. Concerns on the subproject mainly revolved on its construction phase which can be mitigated. No long term negative environmental impact assessed by the participants. Majority of the respondents cited ease of transport as one of the direct benefits of the road; majority of them as well are not anticipating any negative impact of the subproject to the environment. In summary, the beneficiaries did not see that the anticipated negative impacts would result serious and long-term inconvenience to them but simply as temporary and minor anticipated 31

effects brought about by the rehabilitation work for the betterment of their community which they underscored as more important than such transitory impacts. The full length of the consultations including the individuals who participated during the September 6, 2016 IEE Public Consultation is found in Appendix 2.

113. During the consultation also, the beneficiaries suggested that the contractor should practice segregation and composting of bio-degradable and non-biodegradable wastes. The barangay is very serious in its Solid Waste Management Program being one of the Top 10 Cleanest Barangay of Cagayan de Oro City. Regarding used oil, the participants suggested that the contractor should place it in a container. The summary of stakeholders’ views is indicated in Table 11.

114. Significantly, the public consultations particularly on September 6, 2017 ensured the attendance and participation of the members of the Council of Elders and the PO officers and members. The importance of having a ritual before the actual road rehabilitation operation will start was stressed. Furthermore, they manifested that no significant cultural heritage or burial ground will be affected by the rehabilitation.

115. With the involvement of the PO, IP, and LGU in the subproject activities of INREMP particularly in the implementation of rural infrastructure support facilities, they dedicated time and effort in participating with orientation, consultation, planning and training activities. Indeed, a municipal resolution was crafted affirming the interest of the local government unit to apply, negotiate, avail financing grant from the INREMP of the DENR thru the municipal development fund office, and undertake other acts necessary for the effective implementation of the improvement of Balubal Access Road (Appendices 3 - 5).

Table 11: Summary of stakeholders’ view of the Road and Foot Trail Rehabilitation and Spillway Construction in Brgy. Balubal, Cagayan de Oro city Title: IP and IEE Public Consultation for the Road and Foot Trail Rehabilitation and Spillway Construction in Brgy. Balubal, Cagayan de Oro city Date: September 6, 2018 Venue: Barangay Hall, Balubal, Cagayan de Oro Participants: (PO, local officials, MPDO, CESM staff, RPCO) = 50 participants Key Issue Responses Benefits from the road The following are the responses of the participants when rehabilitation expressed by asked what benefits they’re expecting to gain from the on-site and off-site subproject: stakeholders  Safe and Easy Transportation of the Residents and their Produce

 Increase in access to health and other government services.

 Provision of jobs to qualified IPs and women as contractual laborer.

 Increase in household income

Pre- construction phase issues  No issues were identified in this phase. However, the PO President emphasized the need to have a ritual before the rehabilitation or construction start and to observe ordinances of the barangay.

Table 11: Summary of stakeholders’ view of the Road and Foot Trail Rehabilitation and Spillway Construction in Brgy. Balubal, Cagayan de Oro city Title: IP and IEE Public Consultation for the Road and Foot Trail Rehabilitation and Spillway Construction in Brgy. Balubal, Cagayan de Oro city Date: September 6, 2018 Venue: Barangay Hall, Balubal, Cagayan de Oro Participants: (PO, local officials, MPDO, CESM staff, RPCO) = 50 participants Key Issue Responses Construction phase issues The contractor may  The barangay LGU will monitor the proper disposal accidentally spill diesel and and storage of wastes by the contractor. An used oils in refueling their agreement must be done between LGU and the heavy equipment. contractor to put up signages for proper liquid waste disposal and provide containers for diesel and used oil.

The contractor embarking  Request the contractor to excavate slowly and the excavated soil anywhere cautiously and embank the soil immediately to road by the road sections that need to be filled

 Request the contractor to have detour for vehicles during implementation

Increase in suspended dust  wet areas of dust sources along vehicle rout, cover particles along unpaved cargoes with tarpaulin sheets or equivalent covering roads, obnoxious gas and particulate emissions  ensure compliance of equipment to manufacturers’ maintenance requirements and to government emission standards

Improper disposal of sanitary  provision of toilet facilities to workers, provision of trash and solid waste from the bins for proper segregation and disposal of workers’ bunk house biodegradables from non-biodegradables

Obstruction of public access  Provide access thru the site by proper scheduling of through roads during grading grading and excavation works operation and excavation works Loud noise of trucks and  The contractor will avoid night-time construction works equipment in the community especially at night causing disturbance at night time. Construction workers  The Barangay has an ordinance pertaining to curfew roaming around during night time. Presence of trees along the  The LGU has finalized a design that ensured that there construction site will be no cutting of trees.

Presence of Ancestral  Barangay Balubal is not part of an Ancestral Domain Domain claim as per NCIP’s record Operation and Maintenance Phase Obstruction of run-off  regular removal of debris, logs and other materials along drainage canals along drainage canals to avoid clogging by the BLGU causing run-off overflow with the assistance from the City Government, if 33

Table 11: Summary of stakeholders’ view of the Road and Foot Trail Rehabilitation and Spillway Construction in Brgy. Balubal, Cagayan de Oro city Title: IP and IEE Public Consultation for the Road and Foot Trail Rehabilitation and Spillway Construction in Brgy. Balubal, Cagayan de Oro city Date: September 6, 2018 Venue: Barangay Hall, Balubal, Cagayan de Oro Participants: (PO, local officials, MPDO, CESM staff, RPCO) = 50 participants Key Issue Responses leading to erosion of the needed. road Over speeding of all vehicles  The Barangay has an ordinance pertaining to speed Passing by in residential limit. areas Over loaded of truck haulers  The Barangay will pass an ordinance pertaining to load passing through the access limit. road Wild life habitat affected  The barangay including the Tribe has policies for the protection of the wild life and their habitat.

Impact mitigation measures  Aside from the anticipated issues and its corresponding mitigations/ responses mentioned in the previous table, the TA-PMIC also identified potential issues and mitigation measures that the subproject might face. These issues and measures are all captured on the Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan of the City of Cagayan de Oro for the RI subproject under INREMP.

B. Information Disclosure

116. After study completion, the IEE documenting the mitigation measures and consultation process will be submitted to ADB for posting on their website, DENR-FMB, the City of Cagayan de Oro and BLGU of Balubal, the City Environmental and Natural Resource Office, and DENR regional office, which will make them available to the public. More informal and vigorous level of disclosure and consultation will be done during implementation through:

• The preparation and dissemination of a brochure in local languages, explaining the affected peoples’ entitlements and the procedures for obtaining compensation for temporary disturbances, trees, crops, and land for construction camps and recording grievances; and

• Setting up a formal grievance redress committee with a representation from the affected people. Field consultant in association with the Contractor will be responsible for managing the effective grievance redress program.

VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

117. The Local Government Unit of Cagayan de Oro City has properly conducted the consultations with the different stakeholders of the sub-project site. However, it still has to 34

make room for possible issues, concerns, or grievances and disputes arising from the communities in relation to the project implementation. Thus, it sets up a Grievance Redress Mechanism to provide a venue for resolving grievances and disputes even at the lowest level. This will be done to resolve disputes as early and as quickly as possible before it escalates to an unmanageable level. The Barangay Chairman of Balubal, Hon. Pablo M. Bactong, will act as the contract person and the GRM head at the barangay level. He may be reached through contact number 09069158415.

118. Since, the community consultations were conducted smoothly and no adverse or violent reactions have been noted, there are only minor grievances that are anticipated which may arise due to the project implementation, which are listed below:

 Road accessibility related grievances – This may include complaints from communities using the roads under repair or construction due to temporary obstruction, which may cause delay in travel time and other inconveniences of the travelling public.

 Construction related grievances – Community members may demand to be hired as part of the labor force in the project construction/implementation. This may also include complaints of community members regarding noise, drainage, and etc.

 Indigenous Peoples related grievances – may come from IPs residing within the influence areas concerned with potential effects to ecological and social resources of their area/abode.

119. If in case grievance will arise, there are existing groups in the area which can be tapped to form a grievance committee such as; the barangay development council with its Lupon Committee, the IP Chieftain and the Barangay IP Mandatory Representative, which also takes care of resolving grievances that may arise in the community.

120. A subproject-specific grievance redress mechanism will be established at the PPCO to receive, evaluate and facilitate the complaints/grievances of affected persons on the subproject’s environmental performance. This mechanism will be disclosed to the host communities before start of civil works.

121. The grievance redress committee (GRC) will be chaired by the Provincial Project Management Offices (PPCO) head. Members will include the following: (i) designated GRM officer of PPCO, (ii) contractor’s highest official at the site such as the Construction Manager or the Construction Superintendent; and (iii) barangay chairperson. For the quick filing of complaints, the GRC will use the attached grievance intake form (Appendix 7). The PPCO's GRM officer will be responsible for registration of grievances and communication with the aggrieved party.

122. The steps to be followed in filing complaints and the procedures for redress are the following:

(i) complainant will provide the background and file the complaint verbally or in writing to the PPCO, and the PPCO's GRM officer will assist the complainant in filling-up the grievance intake form; (ii) within 2 working days, the GRM Officer, contractor’s representative, and complainant will discuss if the complaint can be resolved without calling for a

GRC meeting; (iii) within 3 days of lodging the complaint, the PPCO's GRM officer will provide the complainant a written feedback on the process, steps and timeframe for resolving the complaint. (iv) if the complaint cannot be resolved, a GRC meeting with the complainant will be called within 5 working days; (v) the GRC will have 15 working days to resolve the complaint; (vi) the complainant will receive feedback from the PPCO's GRM officer within 5 working days after the various steps of the GRM are completed; and (vii) if unsatisfied with the decision, the existence of the GRC will not impede the complainant's access to the Government's judicial, administrative remedies or through concerned government agencies (e.g., Community Environment and Natural Resources Office and Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office of DENR, Regional offices of the Environmental Management Bureau, etc.)

123. The GRC will receive, follow-up and prepare monthly reports regarding all complaints, disputes or questions received about the Project and corresponding actions taken to resolve the issues. These reports will be included in the semi-annual environmental monitoring reports to be submitted to ADB.

IP-Related Grievances

124. Giving primacy to the traditional conflict resolution system, grievances will be handled following the procedure outlined below. In resolving disputes among the indigenous peoples, the determination or decision is usually reached through dialogue and consensus. There may be several conflict resolution sessions according to the specific tribe’s customary laws before the dispute may be resolve. Thus, there is no clear definite timeline on when the conflict or dispute should be settled at the level of the clan and the Council of Elders.

a. Dispute/grievance will be resolved first among the members of the clan; b. If the said grievance/dispute cannot be resolved at the clan level, this will be brought to the level of the Council of Elders (COE); and c. If still unresolved at the COE level, the said dispute/grievance will be submitted to the NCIP Regional Hearing Officer (RHO), for resolution, where the decision will be final and executory.

VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

A. Implementation Arrangements

125. Institutions responsible for executing and monitoring the implementation of the EMP are presented in Table 13.

Table 12: Responsibilities for EMP Implementation Agency Responsibilities City of Cagayan de Oro • Executing agency with overall responsibility for project construction and operation • Ensure that sufficient funds are available to properly implement the EMP • Ensure that Project implementation complies with Government environmental policies and regulations • Ensure that the Project, regardless of financing source, complies with the provisions of the EMP and ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 • Obtain necessary environmental approval(s) from the Environmental Management Bureau and/or other concerned government agencies prior to commencement of civil works • Ensure that tender and contract documents for design, supervision and civil works include the relevant EMP requirements • Establish an environmental grievance redress mechanism, as described in the IEE, to receive and facilitate resolution of affected peoples' concerns • Submit semi-annual monitoring reports on EMP implementation to ADB.

PPMO and WMPCO • Closely monitor contractor’s environmental performance and over-all implementation of the EMP • Prepare semi-annual environmental monitoring reports on status of EMP implementation for submission to ADB • Based on the results of EMP monitoring, identify environmental corrective actions and prepare a corrective action plan, as necessary, for submission to ADB • Responsible for coordinating with EMB, Local Government Units (LGU), and other concerned agencies related to environmental aspects for maintaining project`s compliance with environmental permits. TA - PMIC and NPCO • . Engage environment specialists who will undertake supervision and monitoring of EMP implementation and contractor’s environmental performance • As part of day-to-day project supervision, closely supervise and monitor the contractor’s implementation of mitigation measures specified in the EMP • Assist PMU and WMPCO in preparing semi-annual environmental monitoring reports on status of EMP implementation. Such report will include results of ambient environmental monitoring to be conducted by the contractors.

Contractors • Recruit qualified environmental and safety officer to ensure compliance with environmental statutory requirements, contractual obligations and EMP provisions • Provide sufficient funding and human resources for proper and timely implementation of required mitigation and monitoring measures in the EMP • Implement additional environmental mitigation measures, as necessary, to avoid, minimize and/or compensate for adverse impacts due to construction works and related activities performed by the contractor. EMB - DENR • Review and approve environmental assessment reports required by the Government • Undertake monitoring of the project’s environmental performance based on their mandate ADB • Conduct periodic site visits to assess status of EMP implementation and over-all environmental performance of the Project • Review environmental monitoring reports submitted by the executing agency to ensure that adverse impacts and risks are properly addressed • Publicly disclose through posting on ADB’s website environmental monitoring reports, corrective action plans, new or updated IEE (if any) prepared by the executing agency during project implementation

B. Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan

126. Table 13 presents environmental mitigation measures to address anticipated adverse impacts of the Sub-project. The EMP also shows responsibilities for implementation of mitigation measures and corresponding supervision and monitoring.

Table 13. Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates Impacts Implementation Monitor Pre-Construction Phase Confirmation of no No negative  Conducted Consultation meetings required resettlement, environmental with barangay officials and relocations, and impacts City of concerned POs’ officers and WMPCO compensation members Cagayan de PPMO  Conducted information Oro awareness campaign regarding subproject location Identification and Lack of information Subproject sites validation with prioritization of road and/or low following conditions: section where re- participation of the  ensure that the INREMP gravelling, gravelling, community, validation process on subproject and concreting will be particularly women implementation is being complied City of WMPCO done and marginalized with Cagayan de PPMO sectors  hold consultative meetings with Oro balanced representation of men and women and affected persons on the subproject components and management plan Preparation of detailed Minimize negative Work with LGU RI Engineer for the engineering designs and environmental completion of the proposed programs of work for the impacts upgraded access road detailed subproject designs and to ensure the following measures are included:  identification of spill management prevention and emergency response plans for all construction sites; City of WMPCO  locate aggregate borrow pits and Cagayan de PPMO rock supply areas away from human Oro settlements with fencing and access barriers;  for local residents: include specific plan to notify and provide them schedule to minimize disruption to normal commercial and residential activities Recruitment of workers Gender  Hire local workers as much as City of discrimination and possible, and give equal privilege Cagayan tendency to recruit for women to get involved in Contractor de Oro / outsiders selected tasks appropriate for WMPCO them PPMO Construction Phase Construction materials Pollution, injury,  Procure construction Contractor City of Part of the acquisition, transport interrupted usual materials from sources with Cagayan contractor’ access, and storage road use, disrupted valid environmental de Oro / s contract system access, noise clearances, i.e. for sand, WMPCO gravel and timber from those PPMO with valid DENR-MGB/EMB permits.  All borrow pits and quarries should be approved by Municipal Engineering Division.  Select pits and quarries in areas with low gradient and as close as possible to construction the sites.  Required aggregate volumes must be carefully calculated prior to extraction to prevent wastage.  Pits and quarries should not be located near surface waters, forested areas, critical habitat for wildlife, or cultural objects and landmarks.  If aggregate quarrying from 38

Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates fluvial environments is required small streams and rivers should be used, and dry alluvial plains preferred.  All topsoil and overburden removed should be stockpiled for later restoration.  All borrow pits and quarries should have a fence perimeter with signage to keep public away.  After use pits and quarries should be dewatered and permanent fences installed with signage to keep public out, and restored as much as possible using original overburden and topsoil.  Unstable slope conditions in/adjacent to the quarry or pit caused by the extractions should be rectified with tree planting.  Define & schedule how materials are extracted from borrow pits and rock quarries, transported, and handled & stored at sites.  Define and schedule how fabricated materials such as steel, wood structures, and scaffolding will be transported and handled.  All aggregate loads on trucks should be covered. Clearing and removal of Damage landscape  Restrict vegetation removal to Contractor City of Part of the obstructions within RoWs. Cagayan contractor’  In case, no trees will be removed de Oro / s contract without prior approval of WMPCO concerned government agency. PPMO  The contractor will not use or permit the use of wood as a fuel for the execution of any part of the works, including but not limited to the extent practicable shall ensure that fuels other than wood are used for cooking.  Within RoWs, minimize land cover removals, and install protective physical barriers around trees.  All RoWs to be re-vegetated and landscaped after construction completed.  Consult PENRO/CENRO to determine the most successful restoration strategy and techniques. Soil erosion High suspended  Berms, and plastic sheet Contractor City of Part of the solid contents of fencing should be placed Cagayan contractor’ river, around all excavations and de Oro / s contract sedimentation. earthwork areas. WMPCO  Earthworks should be PPMO conducted during dry periods.  Maintain a stockpile of topsoil for immediate site restoration following backfilling.  Protect exposed or cut slopes with planted vegetation and have a slope stabilization protocol ready.  Re-vegetate all soil exposure

Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates areas immediately after work is completed.  minimize damage and cutting of surrounding vegetation during slope formation,  prevent erosion and protect the cut slope with temporary drainage as soon as practicable after cutting, and  If new erosion occurs accidentally, back fill immediately to restore original contours. Ground surface leveling Degradation of  All construction sites should be Contractor City of Part of the and gravelling of terrestrial and located away from forested or Cagayan contractor’ existing road aquatic resources, plantation areas as much as de Oro / s contract and decreased possible. WMPCO water quality  All construction fluids such as PPMO oils, and fuels should be stored and handled away from forested and plantation areas.  No waste of any kind is to be discarded on land or in forests/plantations.  Erosion channels must be built around aggregate stockpile areas to contain rain-induced erosion.  Earthworks should be conducted during dry periods.  All construction fluids such as oils, and fuels should be stored and handled with extra care away from surface waters.  No waste of any kind is to be thrown in surface waters.  No washing or repair of machinery near surface waters.  Pit latrines to be located away from surface waters.  No unnecessary earthworks in or adjacent to water courses.  No aggregate mining from rivers or lakes.  Minimize the use of heavy equipment at steep slopes. Civil works (Concrete Air pollution, land  All construction sites should be Contractor City of Part of the Pavement) and water located away from forested or Cagayan contractor’ contamination, and plantation areas as much as de Oro / s contract traffic & access possible. WMPCO problems,  All construction fluids such as PPMO oils, and fuels should be stored and handled away from forested and plantation areas.  No waste of any kind is to be discarded on land or in forests/plantations.  Protective berms, plastic sheet fencing, or silt curtains should be placed between all earthworks and nearby surface waters.  Erosion channels must be built around aggregate stockpile areas to contain rain-induced erosion.  Earthworks should be conducted during dry periods.  All construction fluids such as oils, and fuels should be stored and handled with extra care away from surface waters.  No waste of any kind is to be 40

Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates thrown in surface waters.  No washing or repair of machinery near surface waters.  Pit latrines to be located away from surface waters.  No unnecessary earthworks in or adjacent to water courses.  No aggregate mining from rivers or lakes.

Implementation of noise Noise, Dust, Air  Regularly apply wetting agents Contractor City of Part of the and dust control Pollution to exposed soil and construction Cagayan contractor’ measure roads. de Oro / s contract  Cover or keep moist all WMPCO stockpiles of construction PPMO aggregates, and all truckloads of aggregates.  Minimize the time for excavations and exposed soil are left open or exposed. Backfill immediately after work is completed.  As much as possible, restrict working time between 07:00 and 17:00, in particular, activities such as pile driving, etc.  Maintain equipment in proper working condition  Replace unnecessarily noisy vehicles and machinery.  Vehicles and machinery to be turned off when not in use.  Construct temporary noise barriers. Dust and noise from Noise, Dust  provision of noise control Contractor City of Part of the borrow pits measures to comply with Cagayan contractor’ national standards, watering of de Oro / s contract the earth roads close to the WMPCO settlements, use covered truck, PPMO  secure appropriate environmental permits,  the borrow and material dumping sites must be access controlled to keep away unauthorized entry of people, grazing cattle and any other stray animals, and  protective gear like ear plugs will be provided to operating personnel if they are exposed to noise levels beyond threshold limits. Implementation of spoil Contamination of  Uncontaminated spoil to be Contractor City of Part of the management and land and surface disposed of in government – Cagayan contractor’ control measure waters from designated sites, which must de Oro / s contract excavated spoil, never be in or adjacent surface WMPCO and construction waters. Designated sites must be PPMO waste clearly marked and identified.  Spoil must not be disposed of on sloped land, near cultural property or values, ecologically important areas, or on/near any other socially or ecologically sensitive feature.  Where possible spoil should be used at other construction sites, or disposed in spent quarries or borrow pits.  A record of type, estimated volume, and source of disposed spoil must be recorded. 41

Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates  Uncontaminated spoil to be disposed of in government – designated sites, which must never be in or adjacent surface waters. Designated sites must be clearly marked and identified.  Spoil must not be disposed of on sloped land, near cultural property or values, ecologically important areas, or on/near any other socially or ecologically sensitive feature.  Where possible spoil should be used at other construction sites, or disposed in spent quarries or borrow pits.  A record of type, estimated volume, and source of disposed spoil must be recorded.  Contaminated spoil disposal must follow government regulations including handling, transport, treatment (if necessary), and disposal.  Suspected contaminated soil must be tested, and disposed of in designated sites identified as per government regulations.  Before treatment or disposal contaminated spoil must be covered with plastic and isolated from all human activity. Solid and liquid Contamination of  Management of general solid and Contractor City of Part of the construction waste land and surface liquid waste of construction will Cagayan contractor’ management system waters from follow government regulations to de Oro / s contract construction waste include covering, collecting, WMPCO handling, transporting, recycling, PPMO and disposing waste created from construction activities and the work force.  Disposal areas for solid and liquid waste must be determined by the government.  Disposal of waste should be catalogued for type, estimated weigh, and source.  Construction sites should have large garbage bins.  A schedule of solid and liquid waste pickup and disposal must be established and followed that ensures construction sites are as clean as possible.  Solid waste should be separated and recyclables be sold to buyers in the community.

Hazardous Waste  Collection, storage, transport, and disposal of hazardous waste such as used oils, gasoline, paint, and other toxics must follow government regulations.  Wastes should be separated (e.g., hydrocarbons, batteries, paints, organic solvents)  Wastes must be stored above ground in closed, well labeled, ventilated plastic bins in good condition, away from construction activity areas, all surface water, water supplies, and cultural and ecological sensitive receptors. 42

Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates  All spills must be cleaned up completely with all contaminated soil removed and handled with by contaminated spoil sub-plan. Construction drainage Loss of drainage  Provide adequate short-term Contractor City of Part of the system and rain water drainage away from construction Cagayan contractor’ natural channels sites to prevent ponding and de Oro / s contract flooding. WMPCO  Prevent borrow pits and quarries PPMO to be filled with water. Pump periodically to infiltration areas or nearby water courses.  Install temporary storm drains or ditches for construction sites  Ensure connections among surface waters (ponds, streams) are maintained or enhanced to sustain existing storm water storage capacity.  Protect surface waters from silt and eroded soil. Water quality Water and soil  Set up silt trap/silting ponds to Contractor  SPMU Part of the minimize downstream siltation PPMO Contractor’  Set up proper and adequate s contract sanitary facilities,  Ensure strict observance of proper waste handling and disposal and proper sanitation including by the contractors and its workers,  Provide wastewater treatment facility (e.g., septic tank), and  Trucks and other vehicle maintenance should be strictly controlled to prevent the discharge of waste into the river system. Wastewater from the construction works containing high concentration of suspended solids should be treated through sedimentation tanks.  The discharge of cement-laden water and slurry during concrete mixing may contaminate water resources and damage productive land in the surrounding areas. To mitigate possible effects of cement-laden water and slurry, the Contractor shall 1) collect and retain all the concrete washout water and solids in leak proof containers, so that this does not reach the soil surface and then migrate to surface waters or into the ground water, 2) recycle the collected concrete washout water and solids, and/or 3) use of a washout pit made with a plastic lining that can be dug into the ground or built above grade. Implement construction Loss of drainage  Provide adequate short-term Contractor  SPMU Part of the drainage system and rain water drainage away from construction  PPMO Contractor’ natural channels sites to prevent ponding and s contract flooding.  Prevent borrow pits and quarries to be filled with water. Pump periodically to infiltration areas or nearby water courses.  Install temporary storm drains or ditches for construction sites  Ensure connections among surface waters (ponds, streams) 43

Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates are maintained or enhanced to sustain existing storm water storage capacity.  Protect surface waters from silt and eroded soil. Workers health, safety Land and people  proper fencing, protective Contractor  SPMU Part of the and hygiene barriers, and buffer zones should  PPMO Contractor’ be provided around all s contract construction sites,  sufficient signage and information disclosure, and supervisors and night guards should be placed,  worker and public safety guidelines should be followed,  provide adequate sanitation and waste disposal at construction sites,  the contractor will not hire children and pregnant women,  standing water suitable for disease vector breeding should be filled in,  worker education and awareness seminars for construction hazards should be given at the beginning of the construction phase. A construction site safety program should be developed and distributed to workers,  appropriate safety clothing, footwear, gloves, hard hats, eye protection and other PPE should be mandatory for all construction workers,  adequate medical services must be on site or nearby all construction site,  drinking water must be provided at all construction sites,  sufficient lighting be used during necessary night work, and  all construction sites should be examined daily to ensure unsafe conditions are removed. Traffic safety and Road accidents Throughout the construction period, Contractor City of Part of the management the contractor should ensure that Cagayan contractor’ affected people are provided de Oro / s contract adequate and safe access to WMPCO properties (structures, land, etc.). All PPMO construction vehicles observe speed limits on the construction sites and to provide adequate signage, barriers, and flag persons for traffic control. Sign postings such as ‘men working’, ‘Keep left/right’, ‘construction ahead’, and ‘speed limit’, should be used for traffic management and road safety. As much as possible, road works will be confined to one half of the road width at each section to provide access to pedestrian and vehicles during construction works. Ecological environment Minor vegetation  Construction vehicles will operate Contractor City of Part of the (Flora and Fauna) loss within the corridor of impact to Cagayan contractor’ avoid damaging soil and de Oro / s contract vegetation. WMPCO  Avoid soil compaction around PPMO trees. Generally the rule will be to avoid driving heavy equipment or trucks anywhere into the 'drip- line' of a tree.  In case, no trees will be removed without prior approval of 44

Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates concerned government agency.  The contractor will not use or permit the use of wood as a fuel for the execution of any part of the works.  No work camps will be located in ecologically sensitive sites such as protected and conservation areas, or densely vegetated site.  Workers shall be prohibited from hunting/trapping wildlife. Damage to properties Land The contractor will immediately Contractor  SPMU Part of the repair and/or compensate for any  PPMO Contractor’ damage that it causes to properties s contract (houses, farmlands, aquaculture ponds, irrigation canals, and others), community facilities such as water supply, power supply, communication facilities and the like. Access roads used for transport of construction materials and other construction-related activities will be maintained by the Contractor in at least in their pre-project condition for the duration of construction. Concrete washout Soil and water The Contractor shall 1) collect and Contractor  SPMU Part of the contamination retain all the concrete washout water  PPMO Contractor’ and solids in leak proof containers, s contract so that this does not reach the soil surface and then migrate to surface waters or into the ground water, 2) recycle the collected concrete washout water and solids, and/or 3) use of a washout pit made with a plastic lining that can be dug into the ground or built above grade. Use of Hazardous People, land and Vehicle maintenance and refueling Contractor  SPMU Part of the Substances water will be confined to areas in  PPMO Contractor’ construction sites designed (with s contract concrete flooring, drainage leading to oil and water separator, etc.) to contain spilled lubricants and fuels. Spill waste will be disposed to sites approved by the concerned government agency and following national regulations. Adequate precaution will be taken to prevent oil/lubricant/ hazardous substances contamination of channel beds. Spillage if any will be immediately cleared with utmost caution to leave no traces. All areas intended for storage of hazardous materials will be quarantined and provided with adequate facilities to combat emergency situations such as fire, spills, etc. in compliance with all the applicable statutory stipulation. The personnel in-charge of these sites will be properly trained and these areas will be access controlled and entry will be allowed only under authorization. Hazardous wastes will be collected, stored, transported and disposed consistent with national regulations to ensure that these will not cause pollution of surrounding areas. Public safety People  installation of sturdy fencing Contractor City of Part of the around excavation areas and Cagayan contractor’ construction sites, de Oro / s contract  provision of proper signage and WMPCO lighting at night at the periphery PPMO 45

Project Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Cost Component/Activity Environmental Responsibilities Estimates of the construction site to warn and direct traffic and pedestrians,  deployment of security personnel in hazardous areas to restrict public access,  imposition of speed limits for construction vehicles along residential areas and where there are other sensitive receptors, and  orientation of drivers on safe driving practices to minimize accidents and to prevent spill of hazardous substances and other construction materials during transport. Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Phase Operation of upgraded Increased risk of  Set speed limit when passing City of WMPCO Part of the access road accident or injury, through populated area Cagayan de PPMO proponents air pollution and  Provide appropriate warning signs Oro DENR obligation noise. and lighting  Regular removal of debris, logs Obstruction of run- and other materials along off along drainage drainage canals to avoid clogging canals causing run-  Regular vegetation control along off overflow leading run-off area to ensure free flow to erosion of the  Ensure that existing road environmental management policies are effectively Exploitation of implemented and proper natural resources coordination involves different in the area agencies.  Adherence to land use and zoning Unplanned regulations urbanization  Promote tourism in the area through advertisement from the Increased delivery local and nationwide venue. of agricultural products

Tourism

C. Environmental Monitoring

127. Table 14 presents the environmental monitoring activities to be undertaken during various project phases. Monitoring of the contractor’s environmental performance in terms of implementation of mitigation measures during construction phases shall be undertaken by the community at the barangay level, and ESS. The ESS shall be assisted by TA-PMIC in preparing semi-annual environmental monitoring reports. Such report will be submitted by the proponent to ADB and will be publicly disclosed on ADB’s website. The monitoring reports shall describe in detail the status of EMP implementation and compliance issues as well as corrective actions, if any.

128. The ESS during project implementation will be required to organize a community level environmental monitoring. Prior to commencement of site works, the ESS and SSS shall undertake consultations with affected residents, barangay and/or officials to encourage them to participate in the community level environmental monitoring program. The locals shall be allowed to freely participate during the environmental monitoring to be conducted by the LGU

together with SSS and ESS. The SSE, ESS and WMPCO shall provide orientation on how to undertake monitoring using the Environmental Monitoring Framework shown below:

COMMUNITY LEVEL CONSTRUCTION MONITORING FORM Sub-project Name: Location: Reporting Period: Impact/ Mitigation Compliance Comment on Reasons for Partial or Non- Measures Attained (Yes, Compliance No, or Partial) 1 2 3 Recommendation/s: Signature: Date:

Table 14. Environmental Monitoring Plan Activities Location Means of Monitoring Frequency of Responsible Monitoring Cost Monitoring Unit Pre-Construction Sitting of subproject Final location of Original field work, Once SPMU, INREMP (proper location and the subproject literature survey, WMPCO, Project Cost alignment community PPMO with consultations SSS and ESS Inclusiveness of Final location of Field work, Once SPMU, INREMP community the subproject community WMPCO, Project Cost participation (% consultations PPMO with indigenous peoples, SSS and ESS women and other marginalized sector attending) Compliance with Final location of Site inspection Monthly SPMU, INREMP mitigation measures the subproject WMPCO, Project Cost set out in the PPMO with Environmental SSS and ESS Mitigation Plan Construction Nuisance caused by Final  Visual Daily monitoring SPMU, INREMP construction activities location of observations to through observations WMPCO, Project Cost (dust particulates, the assess impacts at construction site. PPMO, NCIP noise level, traffic subproject on air quality with SSS and congestion) (dust emission) ESS  Interviews with communities (noise, project- related complaints)

Water contamination Final Visual Monitoring to be done SPMU, INREMP Project (presence of grease, location of observations to during excavation WMPCO, Cost amount of suspended the assess impacts works especially after PPMO, NCIP solids, BOD load) subproject on surface heavy rains with SSE and water quality ESS (evidence of siltation from construction activities)

Compliance with Final Site inspection Monthly SPMU, INREMP Project mitigation location of WMPCO, Cost measures set out the PPMO, NCIP in the subproject with SSE and

Environmental ESS Mitigation Plan Operation and Maintenance of Upgraded Road Traffic accidents Upgraded Regular Continuously SPMU, INREMP Project road record WMPCO, Cost keeping PPMO Incidence of flooding Adjacent to Surveys, Seasonal for 5 SPMU, INREMP Project upgraded public years WMPCO, Cost road complaints PPMO Overall compliance to Proponent Continuously SPMU, INREMP Project O&M responsibilities and LGU, WMPCO, Cost Regular mitigation measures as WMPCO, PPMO, NCIP record set out in the PPMO with keeping. Environmental Mitigation SSE and Plan ESS

129. The NPCO shall submit the following environmental reporting documentation to ADB:

1. Environmental Monitoring Reports: Semi-annual environmental monitoring reports will be submitted by NPCO to ADB. The report, which will be prepared by ESS with assistance for TA-PMIC, will provide the following information:

i. Background/Context of the monitoring report (adequate information on the project, including physical implementation progress of project activities, scope of monitoring report, reporting period, and the monitoring requirements including frequency of submission as agreed upon); ii. Compliance with applicable government laws, regulations and requirements; iii. Changes in project scope and adjusted safeguard measures, if applicable; iv. Monitoring parameters/indicators and methods based on the monitoring plan/program in the EMP; v. Monitoring results compared against the objectives of safeguards or desired outcomes documented (e.g. environmental impacts avoided or minimized, etc.); vi. If noncompliance or any major gaps identified, include a corrective action plan; vii. Records on disclosure of monitoring information to affected communities; viii. Summary of environmental mitigations and compensation measures implemented; ix. Identification of key issues, or complaints from affected people, or recommendations for improvement; x. Monitoring adjustment measures recommended based on monitoring experience/trends and stakeholder’s response; xi. Information about actual institutional arrangement for implementing the monitoring program/plan provided or adjusted, as may be required; xii. Proposed items of focus for the next report and due date.

2. Project Completion Report: One (1) year after completion of the construction, the NPCO through its ESS shall submit a Project Completion Report which will include the overall environmental performance of the Sub-project.

IX. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

A. Conclusion

130. The present IEE reviewed the general environmental profile of the subproject, the Barangay Balubal - Sitio Laguilay access road in Barangay Balubal, which has three (3) components. The IEE reveals that no major negative environmental impacts are likely to occur due to the construction activities and normal operations after the proposed rehabilitation. Implementation of appropriate mitigation measures during construction and operation phases will minimize the negative impacts of the Project to acceptable levels. To ensure that these mitigation measures are implemented and negative impacts avoided, the measures will be included in the civil works bid and contract specifications of the Project.

131. The Barangay Balubal - Sitio Laguilay access road project for one shall be a crucial infrastructure for uplifting the quality of life of the people by providing an all-year-round easy and affordable access, improving the prompt delivery of basic services, increasing economic opportunities, and supporting the NRM project activities of the constituents, thus supporting the developing economy of Barangay Balubal, Cagayan de Oro City, cascading benefits to the entire city.

132. Hence, the subproject will have overall beneficial impact and will have minor negative impacts that will be carefully monitored and adequately mitigated through implementation of the EMP.

B. Recommendation

133. It is recommended as priority over the other proposed project in the city giving due importance to the area which is lagging behind due to poor accessibility. Further, the realization of the project will spur economic opportunities and social activities in the vicinity and in the city as a whole.

134. The main goal of the project is to support the NRM activities of POs. However, the end goal of the subproject is to provide an all-year-round easy and affordable access thereby improving the prompt delivery of basic services, increasing economic opportunities and conditions and uplifts the quality of life of the inhabitants, especially the constituents. The project will enhance the socio-economic status of the people, especially the IPs, women, children, and other vulnerable sectors of the influence area, through better health services and employment opportunities due to more investments in agriculture and livelihood. There will be better access to the business centers leading to economic prosperity. This will also result to better education and more educational institutions established. The project will encourage investment of agri-business due to safe and economical travel. Its effect would be an increase in production with lower prices of agricultural products.

The proposed Improvement of the Barangay Balubal to Sitio Laguilay access road will boost the economic activities of the influence area which is currently experiencing stagnation due mainly to inaccessibility. With the project, socio-economic services will be easier not only for the public sector but also to private and semi-private providers. This will entice the community to gradually eliminate economic activities in the Forest Protection Zone, and instead, concentrating their activities in the Forest Production Zone of the WMA. In this way, the people will become the guardian of the natural resources of the upper slopes of the WMA guaranteeing stable supply of water and other natural resources in the lower portion of the watershed. 49

Appendix 1: CERTIFICATE OF NON-COVERAGE (CNC) STATUS/ PROOF OF PAYMENT

Appendix 2: MINUTES OF IEE PUBLIC CONSULTATION on September 6, 2017

Appendix 3: PO BISFFA Resolution of Support

Appendix 4: Barangay Balubal Resolution of Support/ Endorsement

Appendix 5: SP Resolution Affirming Interest and Authorizing the City Mayor to sign MOA with the DENR

Appendix 6: Council of Elder Resolution of Consent/ Support in Visayan and English

Figure 7: Grievance Intake Form