Forestry and Woodland Strategy for the Glasgow City Region
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Clydeplan (Glasgow and Clyde Valley Strategic Development Planning Authority) Forestry and Woodland Strategy for the Glasgow City Region 2020 Draft final report Prepared by LUC August 2020 Clydeplan (Glasgow and Clyde Valley Strategic Development Planning Authority) Forestry and Woodland Strategy for the Glasgow City Region 2020 Project Number 10347 Version Status Prepared Checked Approved Date 1. Draft Laura McGowan Susanne Steven Orr 17.07.2020 Underwood Susanne Underwood 2. Final Draft Susanne Susanne Steven Orr 10/8/2020 Underwood Underwood Erin Hynes Bristol Land Use Consultants Ltd Landscape Design Edinburgh Registered in England Strategic Planning & Assessment Glasgow Registered number 2549296 Development Planning London Registered office: Urban Design & Masterplanning Manchester 250 Waterloo Road Environmental Impact Assessment London SE1 8RD Landscape Planning & Assessment landuse.co.uk Landscape Management 100% recycled paper Ecology Historic Environment GIS & Visualisation List of abbreviations Forestry and Woodland Strategy for the Glasgow City Region August 2020 Contents List of abbreviations iii Promote improved management of Glasgow and the Glossary iv Clyde Valley's woodland resource 34 Promote high standards of woodland design 34 Make a sustainable contribution to the delivery of the Chapter 1 Scottish Government’s incremental national targets for Introduction 1 new woodland per annum 35 Purpose of the Strategy 4 Status of the Strategy 4 Chapter 6 Timescale 4 Economy 46 Using the Strategy 5 Creating an environment for investment 47 Delivery and monitoring 6 Contributing to a healthy wood production and Legislative and policy context 6 processing sector 53 Chapter 2 Chapter 7 Vision, Aims and Objectives 9 Community 57 The vision 9 Facilitating community involvement in woodland Cross-cutting principles 9 planning, management and ownership 57 Aims and objectives 10 Supporting community enterprise and development 59 Implementation 11 Supporting opportunities for education and lifelong learning 59 Contributing to physical and mental health and wellbeing 59 Chapter 3 Enhancing local sense of place and promoting Clydeplan’s Woodlands 13 connections to the wider environment 60 Introduction 13 Overview of Clydeplan's woodland resource 13 Chapter 8 Environment 63 Chapter 4 Improve the condition and resilience of biodiversity 63 Climate Change 20 Supporting the Central Scotland Green Network 70 Improve woodland's contribution to the conservation and Policy context 20 management of ecosystem services and functions 72 Reduce the forestry sector's emissions and contribute to Contribute to the conservation, enhancement and mitigation measures 21 understanding of Clydeplan's valued natural heritage and Adapt to the predicted effects of climate change 23 historic environment 76 Chapter 5 Chapter 9 Expand and Manage 28 Spatial Guidance 80 The current situation 28 Introduction 80 Encourage the creation of woodlands of an appropriate Spatial framework 81 nature, scale and composition to deliver the Strategy’s Farmland 83 priorities 29 Foothills 85 Incised River Valleys 87 LUC I i List of abbreviations Forestry and Woodland Strategy for the Glasgow City Region August 2020 Lowland Valley 89 Moorland Hills 91 Plateau Moorland 93 Southern Uplands 95 Upland Farmland 97 Upland Valley 99 Urban & Urban Greenspaces 101 Chapter 10 Monitoring 104 Appendix A Policy context 106 Appendix B Mapping methodology 113 Interpretation 114 Key assumptions 115 Mapping woodland types 116 Appendix C Interpreting the maps 117 Appendix D Information required for forestry applications 121 Environmental Impact Assessments 121 Appendix E South Scotland Woodland Creation Regional Delivery Indicative Areas 123 LUC I ii List of abbreviations Forestry and Woodland Strategy for the Glasgow City Region August 2020 List of abbreviations SNH Scottish Natural Heritage SPA Special Protection Area AOD Above ordnance datum SPP Scottish Planning Policy AQMA Air Quality Management Area SRDP Scotland Rural Development Programme CCF Continuous Cover Forestry SSSI Site of Special Scientific Interest CSFT Central Scotland Forest Trust SMF Sustainable Management of Forests CSGN Central Scotland Green Network SuDS Sustainable Drainage Systems CSGNT Central Scotland Green Network Trust SVDLS Scottish Vacant and Derelict Land Survey EIA Environmental Impact Assessment SWT Scottish Wildlife Trust FC Forestry Commission TCV The Conservation Volunteers FEI Forest Education Initiative UKFS UK Forestry Standard FFWS Falkirk Forestry and Woodland Strategy UKWAS UK Woodland Assurance Standard HEPS Historic Environment Policy for Scotland VDL Vacant and Derelict Land HRA Habitats Regulations Appraisal WHS World Heritage Site HS Historic Scotland WIAT Woods In and Around Towns INNS Invasive Non-Native Species WIG Woodland Improvement Grant LCA Landscape Character Assessment LDP Local Development Plan LISS Lower Impact Silvicultural Systems LLA Local Landscape Areas LNR Local Nature Reserve NFLS National Forest Land Scheme NNR National Nature Reserve NPF3 National Planning Framework 3 PAWS Plantations on Ancient Woodland Sites RAFTS Rivers and Fisheries Trusts of Scotland SAC Special Area of Conservation SF Scottish Forestry SFS Scotland’s Forestry Strategy SG Scottish Government SIMD Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation SINC Site of Importance for Nature Conservation SIRR Special Initiative for Residential-led Regeneration SLA Special Landscape Area SM Scheduled Monuments LUC I iii List of abbreviations Forestry and Woodland Strategy for the Glasgow City Region August 2020 Glossary Term Definition / Explanation Adaptation Measures reducing vulnerability to the impacts of climate change, for example by increasing readiness for pests and winds, creating woods and networks, and using woodlands in flood management. Ancient semi-natural The term ancient semi-natural woodland (ASNW) is used to describe those semi-natural stands on ancient woodland woodland sites. Ancient woodland Woodland is referred to as ancient woodland when it has been in continuous existence since before AD 1600 in England, Wales and Northern Ireland or since before AD 1750 in Scotland. Biodiversity The variety of ecosystems and living organisms (species), including genetic variation within species. Biodiversity Action Plan A Biodiversity Action Plan is a plan for a key habitat or species, to establish the factors for its decline and the work necessary for its recovery. Broadleaves Broadleaved trees are characterised by their broad leaves (i.e. not needles typical of conifers) and most are deciduous. They produce ‘hardwood’ timber. Central Scotland Green The Central Scotland Green Network is a long-term initiative which aims to restore and transform the landscape Network of Central Scotland and to promote environmental quality, woodland cover and recreational opportunities. It covers an area stretching from Ayrshire and Inverclyde in the west to Fife and the Lothians in the east Central Scotland Green The CSGNT provides capacity to help realise the aims of the CSGN. Network Trust Clear felling Cutting down of an area of woodland (if it is within a larger area of woodland it is typically a felling greater than 0.25 ha). Climate change A long-term shift in global or regional climate patterns, with the current rate of change unprecedented and accelerating as human-induced greenhouse gases build up in the atmosphere. Conifers Coniferous trees are characterised by their needle or scale-like leaves and most are evergreen. They produce ‘softwood’ timber. Continuous cover Management of forests where a permanent growing stock is maintained and an increment is removed in cyclical forestry interventions. Coppice Management based on regeneration by re-growth from cut stumps (coppice stools). The same stool is used through several cycles of cutting and re-growth. Ecosystem The interaction of communities of plants and animals (including humans) with each other and with the non-living environment. Ecosystem restoration Ecosystem restoration is defined as a process of reversing the degradation of ecosystems, such as landscapes, lakes and oceans to regain their ecological functionality Ecosystem services Collective term for the multitude of resources and processes supplied by natural ecosystems, which benefit humankind. Ecosystem services are distinguished from other ecosystem products and functions because there is human demand for them, and many studies have attempted to quantify their economic value. Ecosystem services include provisioning services (food, water and timber); cultural services (recreational, health, aesthetic, and spiritual benefits); regulating services (protection of water and soil resources; provision of shelter, shade and cooling, locking up atmospheric carbon); and supporting services (soil formation and photosynthesis). Energy forests Woodlands where a primary objective is wood fuel production. Environmental Impact Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is the process and documentation associated with the statutory Assessment requirement under the EU Environmental Assessment Directive. LUC I iv List of abbreviations Forestry and Woodland Strategy for the Glasgow City Region August 2020 Term Definition / Explanation Felling Permission Permission issued by Scottish Forestry to permit trees to be felled. With certain exceptions it is illegal to fell trees in Great Britain without prior Scottish Forestry/Forestry Commission approval. Forest school An innovative educational approach to outdoor play and learning.