w 3 sheets-Sheet 1. C, BENNETT, Blast and Reverberatory Furnace, No. 200,019. Patented Feb. 5, 1878.

N. PETERS, Phoro.uthograp 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. C. BENNETT, Blast and Reverberatory Furnace, No. 20 O,O 19. Patented Feb. 5, 1878.

3 sheets-Sheet 3. C. BENNETT, Blast and Reverberatory Furnace. No. 200,019. Patented Feb. 5, 1878.

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CORNELIUS BENNETT, OF CLIFTON, ARIZONA TERRITORY. IMPROVEMENT IN BLAST AND REVERBERATORY FURNACES. Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 200,019, dated February 5, 1878; application filed November 18, 1876.

To all chon it may concern: The furnace may be constructed in any suit Beit known that I, CORNELIUS BENNETT, able way, as with the foundation, with front of the town of Clifton, in the Territory of Ari hearth A, and hearth-sole B, and the upper zona, have invented certain new and useful brickportion or stacke, usual in blast-furnaces. Improvementsin Blast and Reverberatory Fur The foundation, as already said, may be naces, which improvements are fully set forth built with a quartz-bed, and the copper Work in the following specification and accompany ing-chamber is secured to the foundation in ing drawings. any suitable manner. The brickshaft or body I have invented a copper working-chamber of the furnace extends from the top or highest for metallurgic furnaces suitable for blast point of the smelting-zone of the copper Work and reverberatory furnaces, and without fire ing-chamber, and is supported by iron or brick bricklining-that is to say, a furnace in which pillars G, to prevent crushing the copperform the smelting-chamber is constructed of copper. ing the working-chamber. This chamber may I have used such a furnace in Clifton, Ari be of any suitable and convenient form and Zona, with great advantage and the best re size, and the plates of which it is constructed Sults. may be made with flanges (t, by which to Se I find in using a chamber made entirely of curely bolt them together by screw bolts and copper, that a firm coating of slag is formed nutsi, forming a copper chamber of united On the chamber-surfaces. The slag is not a plates D b. c. A copper working-chamber, how good conductor of heat, and it protects the ever, may be formed of a single plate, Suita copper. In other words, the slag readily ad bly joined at its meeting-edges. Constructed heres to the copper, and becomes a non-con in either of these Ways it is open at top and ducting lining, rendering the copper Working bottom, and, as before stated, joins the stack chamber durable, and requiring lessfuel than and bed. fire-brick chambers. In Fig. 3, S shows the copper Working-cham The bottom of the chamber is made of ground ber as it is constructed with flanged plates, quartz, thus combining copper wall with a and Fin Fig. 4 shows such chamber as com quartz bed. pleted. The fuel is preferably charcoal. Beretofore the Working-chambers of metal A copper Working-chamber SO constructed lurgic furnaces have been constructed of iron with the outer surfaces exposed to the air is plates or fire-brick, or have been lined with practically fire-proof, and not acted upon by that material; but I have found that copper the corrosion of the ores or fluxes. plates with their outer walls exposed to the In new countries it is difficult to obtain fire direct contact of the atmosphere, by reason of brick, and by means of a smelter, with an ordi the formation of the slag lining, as above nary furnace, the copper can be made with mentioned, are capable of resisting a sufficient which to build my new furnace. degree of heat to fuse the ores, and make a In the drawings I have shown two forms of better working-chamber than fire-brick or cast furnaces, viz., the blast and the reverberatory, iron plates. to which my invention is alike applicable, and In the reverberatory form of furnace shown in which in Fig. 5 the arch is formed of flanged plates Figure I represents a blast-furnace with c, in the same manner as the sides or vertical a copper Working-chamber; Fig. 2, a partial walls. The fire-box D is also constructed in vertical section of the same, the copper the same manner with flanged plates of cop working-chamber being shown in elevation; per. In this form of furnace, a indicates the Fig. 3, a view of a portion of the copper foundation. eindicates the point at which the Working-chamber; Fig. 4, the copper work ore passes into the Working-chamber, and at ing-chamber as constructed to be set in place which the products of combustion strike the in the furnace; and Fig. 5, a reverberatory ores or metals directly. The furnace can be furnace with a copper working-chamber and charged through the stack, or through a dome, fire-box. or tunnel-head, or side opening in the stack.

200,09 The copper plates of the working-chamber The working-chamber is formed of copper of may be constructed with ribs on their outer uniform thickness, to render the function of Walls to give them greater strength to support absorbing and quickly conducting the outside the upper part of the furnace, as necessity cold uniform throughout the area of the fur may require. nace-walls, to counteract the effects of the in The furnace is provided with all the neces terior heat. sary appliances for operation, and may be of The high conductivity of copper gives it the any suitable size. I have had one in success power of rapidly conveying and radiating the ful operation of a size two feet three inches by heat from the inner slag lining, which, in the threefeet two inches, inside measurement, with case of copper, forms a closely adhering and tWo tuyeres and biower. The copper plates protecting coat, not corroding the metal. There Which constitute the Working- chamber are is small tendency to oxidation in copper, and three feet six inches high and one inch thick. its conduct in contact with the slag is one of The nozzles through which the blast passes its superior qualities. are two inches in diameter. I claim The furnace is worked with a charge of for 1. A copper working - chamber for metal ty-five pounds of charcoal to one hundred and lurgic furnaces in which the chamber-walls are sixty pounds of ore, with a product of black of sheet-copper; : . . . copper, each twenty-four hours, of from forty 2. A copper working - chamber for metal five hundred to six thousand pounds, accord lurgic furnaces in which the chamber-walls ing to the quality of the ore; and I have pro of copper are of uniform thickness. duced by this small furnace alone over one CORN ELIUS BENNETT. million five hundred thousand pounds of black Witnesses: : . . . . copper, with comparatively little expense in ALBINO FRIETZE, fuel. S. M. ASHENFELTER.