and among experts. These visions are are visions These experts. among and pages feature the in both discussed are and because they have been and still of awareness public dominate(d) the often they because particularly significant are which ideas visionary different are There HORROR VISIONS OFSALVATION AND development activities. and analysis of tangible research and observation onthe was based then is rather speculative in part, it even evaluation this Although century.« and man-made polymers in this engineering, computer-aided imaging, influences of microelectronics, medical combined of equivalent the the at least the standard of living for people will be and wealth, health, on nanotechnology follows (Smalley 1999): »The impact of consequences to be expected as the described Smalley E. Richard expert and Nobel laureate in nanotechnology ago, the one decade morethan Already (near)the future. ecological and social consequences in considerable economic, entail might which akey to technology considered be is nanotechnology innovation), (system changing entire fields of technology of fundamentally to potential its Due or passdefense through barrier. the blood-brain which can positioned be precisely and and dosedvery which can escape immune nanobased therapeutics ingredients and active carriers of are being developed revolutionize chemical and technologies. production Finally, in medicine, could give innovative impetus due tonewmaterials. Novel could day due toDNAand quantum computing. In power engineering, nanotechnology architectures which are intended tosupersede conventional silicon some electronics intensive work is being doneonthe development newcomputer of (ICT), technology andin industry. almost technology of all In sectors information and communication impetus forawiderange socially of application of relevant fields and innovations molecular togive Forthis components. new is reason, expected nanotechnology macroscopic bycontrolled bodies of assembly these fromatomic bodies of and as torealize novel architectures and processes and toprecisely adjust properties being newapplications able forcompletely togenerate material as properties well The still high regarding expectations are nanotechnology based onitspotential of SMALL PARTS –GREAT FUTURE? NANOTECHNOLOGY: NANOTECHNOLOGY nanomachines (»assemblers«)nanomachines (Drexler -like, self-replicating, intelligent vision of the future regarding artificial, – optimistic –predominantly for his term of »molecular nanotechnology« the who coined and such discussions who initiated »« his with Drexler K.E. visionary technology American the foremost and it first was outsider, ascientific to be considered was (»fear«).horror often he Though (»hope«)of salvation of orvisions of view – this point personal onthe – depending evokes either obvious that Itis to one’s wishes. own visions according bymolecule molecule and will and to assemblethe future to manipulate matter at atom byon the atom idea that based are step. They next the ittaking will be possible in (Coenen 2010). (Coenen mostly which is referred to as »« technology to regard with ideology comprehensive visionary and this type of nanofuturism is got turn, outwhich of control. In part of a due to self-replicating nanomachines e.g. life of all extinction the regarding developed explicit horror scenarios – Joy (2000) B. like he–just hand, other due to the nanotechnology. On humana« »conditio of the and of society prognosticated massive transformations visions Moreover, nanofuturistic his 1994). Drexler/Peterson 1986; convergence of nanotechnology with with nanotechnology of convergence development and a and research interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary element of multidisciplinary an to be considered is nanotechnology level, perspective, even on an administrative of From existence. human this conditions to the changes reaching far- and extensive regarding of hopes of different technologies are the drivers also convergence ofBiology). the visions Such please this, (for onSynthetic Sauter’srefer to A. article technologies known) (or new of several already interactions future the concerning on assumptions technology visionaries are mainly based and futurists other JoyDrexler, and of visions these time, same At the of nanotechnology (TAB 2008). 2008). (TAB nanotechnology of – negative and –positive potential the problems of to the justice does which discussion toarational contribution important an be would popular, more even if this initially makes them even of horror, visions approach to these acritical reason, of horror. For this visions and fears apocalyptic involving futurism –apessimistic futurism of reverse optimistic the popularize it might hand, other the On inevitable. disappointment making high, too set be will nanotechnology of expectations that danger the is there onehand, the on Thus, impacts: negative possible commercial interest), there are also and political sustaining and arousing or for(e.g. young scientists incentives strategy of this positive effects the Besides always is precarious. strategy However, sucha»hope hype« and development. technology to promote order in 21st of the century beginning example in the United States at the for deliberately used was visions futuristic by optimistic particularly generated be can which enthusiasm The 2010).(BMU the name »Converging Technologies« of technology fields further and sciences engineering technology, information biotechnology, is propagated under

11 TAB-BRIEF NR. 39 / SPECIAL EDITION 12 TAB-BRIEF NR. 39 / SPECIAL EDITION used for different scientific areas of areas scientific for different used mostly is term The 2006). (Decker again and again changes undergone has it established, was »nanotechnology« 2010, p. 19). term (VDI the Since in the field of health and nutrition in medical engineering as well as engineering, information technology, environmental powerin engineering, e.g. economy suchas of the sectors product properties in almost all optimize to opportunity the offers and nanotechnology about thing particular and new actual the –is dimension molecular and atomic ofcontrol the technological –the fact this Precisely range. nanometer the in a precision having methods manufacturing and Taniguchi. He described operating Japanese researcher and engineer Norio by 1970s the the in time first for the used The term »nanotechnology« itself was p. 78). 2006, »IBM« (Steinmüller name the built substrate atoms onanickel of an electron by means press surprised to the Germany micrograph:D. E. and Eigler of IBM Schweizer 35 laterxenon (1990) years 30 was presented by of a »super electroncharacters could be read microscope«. only by means However, onebit. atomic the carry This atom each would if of dust, one grain on Britannica« »Encyclopedia entire the level. Thus, atomic the at it should matter be possible manipulate to e.g. to store According to that, it should be possible possibility of moving individual atoms. the law excluding no physical is there them«). (1959) Feynman that assumed way atoms oneby onethe we want the (»arrange level atomic the at assembling of vision the bottom«)the described and (»There’s alecture in of at room plenty technical opportunities of the nanoscale In 1959 already, »founder«. its to be considered is therefore he prognosticated and name its nanotechnology gave 1988, the in who died Feynman, Richard laureate Nobel and physicist American The WHAT IS NANOTECHNOLOGY? of construction plans of animate animate of plans construction of use by the and microsystems current of miniaturization afurther via new of use procedures and instruments the physical by both achieved be will range This mentioned. scale nanometer with and structures processes on the dealing technologies of multitude a for term ageneral as processes new and established of already multitude a of subsuming atendency is there tosize, reference of the Regardless dimensions. these in (only)which occur effects specific by using characterized deals with tiny only not objects, nanotechnology Thus, but it also is p. 77). 2006, (Steinmüller structure« onagranular takes and corner the around turns Light anymore. other each from distinguished be cannot and them, for impenetrable are actually which barriers, potential through tunnel Particles other. each to »Atoms stick increasingly: occur effects Quantum with only anymore. physics of laws classical the described be cannot matter of behaviour wherethe athreshold marks Moreover, place. it taking are processes molecular-biological and biochemical basic which in dimensions the are wavelength of visible light. Those size of an atom the from ranges approximately nanotechnology of to dimension the Thus, of afootball. size the to the globe the to shrinking correspond would miniaturization of degree the of 1nm, adiameter to aspherewith shrunk would be afootball If precisely: (1meter =10 nm (nm) with 1 nm being a billionth of a approximately 1to 100 nanometers deals with dimensions sized from Nanotechnology to– refers size. word »dwarf«Greek »nanos« meaning »nano« the from –derived of all, First scale. nanometer with and structures processes on the thing in common: They are dealing have one primarily which development of lines technological and research -9 m). To it formulate

United States resulting in a first climax climax afirst in resulting States United research activities particularly in the of manifold basis it was the time, that »nanotechnology«. term the Since research policy has increasingly adopted already, 1980s endof the the Since regarding technologies of the future. a »must« statement political for every ofto potentials is the on»nano«.(and focused) Areference Of course, research policy also focuses »HOPE« MUCH RESEARCH ACTIVITIES POLICY – of matter. assembly organizing and inanimate nature for the self- order to further develop the potentials develop potentials the order to further 2009). In (TAB quo reports status for provided continuous and research security regarding projects various of promotion the advanced it has Moreover, public. the and associations science, industry, government, of participation under platforms communication and dialogs discourses, manifold initiatives, and for action frameworks generated different has program this things, other Among initiatives of the German Bundestag. by but different government, also by the 21st of the century beginning the since formulated been has for nanotechnology of action program In Germany, a comprehensive political of research. area this promoting edge research activities is intensively ataims national boosting cutting- that worldwide. state Every regions funding programs in all high-tech governmental by immense funded promoted and is akey technology as of nanotechnology establishment and development the 1990s, end of the »vision« (Böl Feynman’s to referring etClinton al. 2010). Since President former bythe promoted the publicly and was announced which (NNI) Initiative Nanotechnology in 1999 with the launch of the National FOCUS: HOPE, HYPE AND FEAR TECHNOLOGIES TECHNOLOGIES FEAR AND HYPE HOPE, FOCUS: of excellence, e.g. for nanoanalysis, of centers network alarge supports which Research) and of Education Ministry (Federal BMBF by contributed the is of funds part largest year. The per approximately 500 million Euros funded by the public authorities with are nanotechnologies Germany, In 2010).now (BMBF to up nanotechnology on spent been much more than 1 billion Euros have will be running until 2013, subsidies of which alone for Research Programme 2015. Within the EU’s 7th Framework until strategies 2011 define shall which in plan to adopt action anew intends also Union European the care, health and regulation promotion, of research 2010). view (BMBF In aspects« its all in of nanotechnology use sustainable and for asuccessful platform »common Action Plan is intended 2015« This decade. endof at the the to serve »Action the Nanotechnology as Plan a it was followed and by decade the of middle the was implemented in »Action 2010« the Plan applications, tangible in to for adapt use them comprehensive way and strategically a in for Germany of nanotechnology NANOTECHNOLOGY > > 2010): quoted (BMU are (ISO) for Standardization Organization International of the 229 Committee As »interim solution«, 2010). Government Federal worldwide (German manageable homogeneously mostly is which ISO) OECD, CEN, commission, the (EU development of adefinition definitions laidGermany is involved continuously down in international by discussions objects. layers and aiming the at of the structures, miniaturization by the Technical modified have been tion such as e.g. of demarca- criteria regarding opinions different the are there things, other size of nano-objectsconcretization and of the rather functional diffuse »definition« of nanotechnology. Among aconcluding properties to yet find possible not been it level, has international the On which limited in their physical size or shape (according to ISO). (according orshape size physical their in limited however, not are case, they this agglomerates). and In (e.g. aggregates of nano-objects systems compound as occur generally and nanoscale the materials Nanostructured nanorods. solid and (nanowires), nanotubes fibres ly conducting nanoparticles, nanoplates and nanofibres, the latter comprising electrical- include typically (approx. 1to nanoscale 100 nm). the Nano-objects in Nano-objects : Materials with one, two or three external dimensions dimensions external orthree two one, with : Materials : These materials have an internal structure in in structure have internal an materials : These Adding expenditure nanotechnologies. in year each Euros of industrypublic funds of approximately andbillion 1 investing are Japan and States United the Union, European The competition. of aneck-and-neck signs are there level, areas in Germany. At the international the most researchintensive technology of one is currently nanotechnologies of sector sales), the to total relation of 14 in expenditure % (R&D quota aresearch With more. others many and architectures molecular c nanooptics, nanobiotechnology, nano- , , more intelligent system components for and faster, moreefficient due to smaller, for) opportunities new up (hopes opens nanotechnology world the On markets, HOPES –MUCH »HYPE« MARKET OPPORTUNITIES AND 2010). 2010; VDI Government Federal 2010; German (BMBF year per Euros be considerably higher than 5 billion to worldwide likely is amount total the United Kingdom, Korea, China, Russia), the (France, states important of other hemistry, ultrathin layers as well as and marketing of nanotechnological of nanotechnological marketing and development, manufacturing on the working are companies 1,000 almost p. 12). Meanwhile, in Germany alone, 2010, Government Federal (German estimated to bebillion 33 Euros in 2007 were Germany in located by companies worldwide generated nanotechnology in sales The impossible. almost is markets, however, a regional localization the international interdependence of the to Due products. of nano-optimized potentials market global consideration into taking by nanotechnology of effect« institutes »leverage the to quantify try which research market by evaluations several are There functionalities. novel orimproved with products new market potential of nanotechnology nanotechnology of potential market 2010). 2015, in the (BMBF Thus, Euros estimated to more than 1,000 billion is nanotechnology by influenced be volume can worldwidemarket which for 2015, intersectoral already the considerably increasing of further trend the with 100 or even several 100 billion Euros market volume the worldwide currently that assume researchers (VDI equals market inaccuracies, of general to 2010). Irrespective structure. of finer a sort has of which surface the and particles Thus, tiny or generally e.g.ultrafine with provided are which products all to given »nano« quickly the is label »hype«. »nano«the means label Thus, departments« have longthe corresponding realized »marketing that »nano« to specificit is areas. very difficult Moreover, to that due fact to and the restrictnanotechnology the term of character transdisciplinary the due to impossible is containing nanomaterials products of volume market of the specification exact However, an 2010).(BMU nanomaterials and nanotechnologies of industry60,000 jobs depend on the use mediumsized companies. More than and small being them %among 80 approximately processes, and products

13 TAB-BRIEF NR. 39 / SPECIAL EDITION 14 TAB-BRIEF NR. 39 / SPECIAL EDITION risks – still remain unanswered: for potential – e.g.that questions fundamental time, same At the coming. along time are general in technology as for environmental manufacturing, consumption as well for conservation resource regarding e.g. breakthroughs praised highly the benefit or added value. Moreover, particularly distinct no have often products these market, enters the products everyday of multitude a Though picture: sobering arather now –reveals up to market available onthe being a closer look on it – world e.g. the problem, food and diseases on products change, climate even the to help fight 21st century which of the key technology the as praised is is said to be able nanotechnology onehand, onthe While, DISCOURSES –MORE »FEAR« PUBLIC AWARENESS AND RISK p. 76). 2006, (Steinmüller decade of the middle by the goods a role for 10 approximately %of all play shall actually nanotechnology conservative (or traceable) estimates, »nano«. to contain even But according »nano« really labelled products not all Furthermore, nanoparticles). dioxide of titanium share the of only instead for calculation abasis as taken is bottles of the price lotion«, full the of »suntan (e.g. product case the in »nano«not of evaluate the only share do analyses product most because are rather speculative, particularly estimates such However, 34). p. 2010, (VDI know-how nanotechnological of application onthe based would be engineering environmental and energy in as well as engineering mechanical pharmaceutics, food, packaging, ICT, automotive and chemistry, of fields the the global production of goods, e.g. in of part alarge that would mean This market. goods 15 industrial %of the approximately to correspond would Nanostructures can be released into a role, in particular with regard to regard with particular in a role, processes. Also, bioethical aspects play data using nano-basedtransmission of medical and/or lifestyle products storage and collection, ofas the and sensor-based monitoring as well increasingly efficient methods for data protection aspects in view of and privacy e.g.regarding issues, social and ethical fundamental includes also nanotechnologies on discourse (necessary) the to health, related discourse risk the Besides ). (even diseases chronic and inflammations involve might – stability biological of case –in and alveoli pulmonary the to penetrate might particles dust these with increased risks to health, because isassociated biological environment a in stable is which nanomaterials possible inhalation of dust containing the Particularly environment. the and for humans risks specific entail might configuration which in nanomaterials with regard to the knowledge scientific oncurrent based question of which statements unambiguous any make to yet not it possible is Nevertheless, 2010, p. Government 12f.).Federal (German initiated havefor been dialog public forums numerous and established different groups offounded, common commissions of actors launched, have been new scientific institutes been have have been programs research and of consumers: Comprehensive economy of the interests the safeguard order to in stage early at an technology of this support political and on asocial impact assessmentdistinct as well as politics (in Germany) focused on a constituted a corresponding have risk discourse. Indeed, they Moreover, known. sufficiently are environment the and for humans consequences potential the of nor time, forshorter longer periods for Neither products. of respective use ordue tothe production in emissions due for to example environment, the Altogether, it can be stated that –at a that stated be it can Altogether, 2010, p. 35).(BMBF technology of field this of evaluation for aspecific criterion not areasonable is of nanotechnology solely scale onthe focusing because application, of fields aspects in the context of the respective evaluate both to risk important it is Here, perspectives. issues and ethical able tosolutions new be to and present order to public in developin adequate them to discuss and issues these reflect decisive importanceapplication of nanotechnology. of Itis to scientifically relevant due to the become could which machine relationship (Grunwald 2008), man- onthe and of humanity image onthe questions for fundamental as for individualized medicine as well , human the in interventions was discussed in the media and in the the in and media the in was discussed turn, in transmission by This, the media. intensively through very and cases the in used many public in the were with communication opportunities possible of expectations far-reaching the (of horror) namely (e.g. Joy 2000), particularly of nanofuturistic visions 2010, al. et p.(Böl 14). acounterpart As focusing on the opportunities they offer nanotechnologies about people inform to was objective the of all, first Here, prevailed. (initially) communication understanding of scientific and risk traditional arather even politics, and the in United particularly – States also but – by research science, by managers not only pushed been has which process, this 2010; (Coenen well In 2008). TAB have fore as broader come to the sense a in implications legal and ethical social, shortly very aspects, economic Though, onsocio- been has focus the early. of all, first very such as recognized been has which akey technology as developmentof the of nanotechnology background the against for discourse« understood as »partner essential an been has also humanities the and sciences of social fields the in research –accompanying stage relatively early FOCUS: HOPE, HYPE AND FEAR TECHNOLOGIES TECHNOLOGIES FEAR AND HYPE HOPE, FOCUS: the fields of application in a very avery of in application fields the evaluating are meanwhile consumers probable, becoming environment the and of employees, consumers increasing and stronger exposition of an and products consumer-near in used increasingly being nanomaterials Particularly against the background of 2010). al. et and applications is required (Fleischer products processes, production specific resulting the and nanotechnology regarding information of provision and discussion differentiating and atransparent reason, for this that, and unfounded was not generally suchaconcern that studies by several 2010,al. p. 15). illustrated be Itcould et (Böl nanotechnology« of rejection ageneral entail might environment imaginable impacts on health and the with regard to the perception –»that of (2006) ETC by the mainly risk, some organizations, non-governmental by warnings insistent and to repeated –e.g.due concern was the there Thus, cloning). engineering, genetic (e.g. green engineering genetic and biotechnology of somesubareas with case was the and thus with rejection as it already risks concerning fears similar with newly implemented key technology the to respond could consumers the finally public or the that concern onthe focused mainly onnanotechnology discussions obvious that the political and scientific As things developed, it became 2004). al. et (Paschen States United the in hope«and particularly been developed in a strategy of »hype had 2002), which Roco/Bainbridge (i.a. visions (positive) far-reaching of extremely background the against e.g. disappointments by followed be might necessarily and nanotechnology to regard with arise might expectations exaggerated strongly whether concern the was discourse nanotechnology the of aspect another time, same At the critically. very and public immediately NANOTECHNOLOGY stated in detail: in stated be can by made consumers demands (2009, p. 110), relevant following the to al. Möller et According conferences. dialog procedures and consumer within the framework of several public in Switzerland, this could be identified and Britain Great Germany, In 2007). al. et 2010; al. et Sigrist (Böl consumers of the perceptions and attitudes the and safety will significantly influence for information needs consumers’ with dealing are actors relevant the way the that assumed toit be has to be hit by controversies. likely most are of which application Moreover, fields those to be considered are health particularly the areas of food and 2010, p. 29).(BMBF Nevertheless, will be mandatory components cosmetics in nanoscale only of labelling e.g.the Europe, in Thus, as of 2013 manufacturer. product of the decision onthe depends but mostly to date by law, notis regulated (uniformly) products in of nanomaterials use the about information Europe, in also and Quendt 2007). However, in Germany (Fleischer/ moresignificant more and becoming are protection consumer and safety of food aspects the articles, household and clothes agents, cleaning everyday products nanotechnology-based of distribution a such as cosmetics,explicit labelling. In particular in view of for an calling way are and differentiated > > > > are nanoscale. authorized substances in case they additional assessment of already nanoscale substances food in or for procedures authorization management; of risk measures risk prevention and corresponding research, more comprehensive risk of public debates; initiation concerning research projects and active information policy to products; regard with misled are to avoid consumers that informed choice order an to allow in labelling of products and RISKS AND OPPORTUNITIES PRAGMATIC MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATION CULTURE – 15). p. 2010, development.« al. et (Böl to further its contributing prevent from investors might consequently and area research entire of an suspicious consumers make might expectations exaggerated time, same the At expectations. toexaggerated regard with corrective critical the represent can decisions offield technology. »Consumer of development implementation of and a line (further) the influence strongly can Finally, it is exactly this interaction which real perception of benefits are obvious. the and of expectations contrast the as well as interactions the general, In al. 2007; Siegrist et al. 2007). At the Atthe 2007). al. et 2007; Siegrist al. this technology regarding even at no knowledge all (vonreveal Rosenbladt that countries numerous from studies many they though et nanotechnology of have risks and only onopportunities comment respondents little or many herethat consideration into taken applications.particularly with regard to medical However, expectations positive are there that it hasto offer to more benefits than risks and be nanotechnology expect respondents of the thirds two was that 2008) al. et concerning risk perceptionrepresentative survey of the population (Zimmerunfounded as well. The result of a by the population appear rather of nanotechnology rejection a general of concern the make nanotechnology regarding perception onrisk studies empirical Recent 2006). al. et (Gaskell nanotechnologies of promoting favour in was majority the surveys, Eurobarometer to according particularly risky. Correspondingly, not as and to society beneficial generally as nanotechnologies European citizens initially considered of the majority the decade, past the of show, middle the surveys in As

15 TAB-BRIEF NR. 39 / SPECIAL EDITION 16 TAB-BRIEF NR. 39 / SPECIAL EDITION and application of application innovative keyand and failures in the development successes risks, opportunities, possible regarding uncertainties to reducing contribute concept«,general might this development of a of a»dialogical terms In perception. to society’s regard with field complexity« technology of the »orientation« as well as a »reduced of degree areasonable to achieve be politically desirable intention would Correspondingly, the necessary and prevention. or socio-ecological the principles of sustainability and/ to committed are which concepts of general establishment and developmentincludes e.g.discursive 2009). innovation Suchan culture al. et (Kahan nanotechnologies as such of afield technology in culture« to »innovation implementand an to develop society in exist possibilities are dealing with the question of which for example, which, humanities of the political and social sciences as well as and accompanying forums of cultural, of discourses context the in identified be can discussions and activities several – environment the and for humans as well as to possible consequences nanoproducts and of nanomaterials aspects referto concrete –which debates such way. Besides continuous and public atransparent, in conducted to be and that corresponding discourses have awhole as society and individuals both involvedopportunities is required for and risks of the assessment responsible regard to managing these issues – a with – that unquestionable is It prevention. tangible measures envisage to also but technology, this for regulation of using about consequences possible and more intensively than before not only authorities in charge arranged to think and governments many application and and production in nanotechnology of risks the concerning knowledge specific of was alack there cases many – in same time – just as it has been shown politics for quite some time now. Thus, of particular importance in society and have which been 2010)(BMU –aspects sustainability and environmental aspects on as well as principle precautionary onthe focusing »Nano is Kommission« Government’s Federal German by the German policy approach represented the 2008), (TAB framework technophile politically communicated within a rather where nanotechnology was and still is countries) European to other partly In contrast to the United States 2009). al. et 2010; (and al. Kahan et Fleischer 2009; (Currall nanotechnology of –evaluation –even political the as well as opportunities and of risks perception the co-determine essentially (respective) population of the attitudes ideological and political cultural, the that things, other among apparent, become it has Here, public perception. in the discussions with regard to its and nanotechnology of perception this has been reflected in the public’s Correspondingly, States. United of the example the –following well as Europe or opinions findings have these developed increasingly in years, recent In 14). p. conceptualizations« (Böl et al. 2010, and by abandoning traditional would have to be analyzed thoroughly progress technical and of scientific forces overcome« »the driving and to knowledge of lacks of expression no longer have to be would considered onreal-life of lay based people as an »evaluations the approach for discourse, of aparticipatory perspective From the of this (new) understanding in politics. integration astronger and society in knowledge) for gaining used methods its also of cultural aspects) role of (e.g. the and understanding of science (or about itFinally, is achanged that. from push«»technology resulting »hype« or totechnology prevent inadequate an as well of the establishment to an obstacles as an exaggeratedtechnologies, to removing unnecessary Nanotechnologie 2015. Bonn Nanotechnologie und Forschung) (2010): Aktionsplan BMBF (Bundesministerium für Bildung REFERENCES development. of direction acceptable generally and sustainable technology« a a »hope, fear and hype of giving objective the with for discourse approach to aconstructive corresponds (Grunwald 2008). Altogether, this of innovation issue the neglecting influences are political and followed cultural shared largely up – without Schummer, J., Schwarz, A. (eds.): A. Nano- Schwarz, J., Schummer, A., Nordmann, In: Assessment. logy Nanotechno- interdisziplinäres ein für Schritt Erster Nanotechnologie: von Definition Eine (2006): Decker, M. pp. 4, 79–80 Nanotechnology into public insights (2009): New S. Currall, perceptions. In: Nature27, pp. 73–87 Sociology of Yearbook the Sciences and the Rise of an Assessment Regime. Nanotechnology Technologies. Future (eds.): C. Governing Rehmann-Sutter, S., Maasen, M., Kurath, M., Kaiser, In: Convergence. and Nanotechnology Coenen, Wissenschaft 04/2010, Berlin (2010): Diskussionen. BfR internetgestützten (eds.) R. Hertel, in derNanotechnologie Wahrnehmung A., Epp, G.-F., Böl, Bonn/Berlin 2011. Bundesregierung) (der Deutschen Empfehlungen der Nanokommission und Bericht Nanotechnologien. mit (2010): Verantwortlicher Umgang Reaktorsicherheit) und Naturschutz Umwelt, für (Bundesministerium BMU Visions: FOCUS: HOPE, HYPE AND FEAR TECHNOLOGIES TECHNOLOGIES FEAR AND HYPE HOPE, FOCUS: Enhancement in the Discourse on Discourse the in Enhancement C. (2010): Deliberating The Case of Human Christoph Revermann Christoph Krug, H.F., Quendt, C., Spangenberg, Spangenberg, C., Quendt, H.F., Krug, T.,Fleischer, H., P., Hocke, Kastenholz, 7337, Karlsruhe Wissenschaftliche Berichte FZKA Veranstaltungen in Karlsruhe. Fokusgruppen- zweier Ergebnisse perspektiven auf Nanopartikel. –Bürger- unendlich« »Unsichtbar und (2007): T., C. Fleischer, Quendt, com/nanotech/feynman.html December 29th 1959. www.zyvex. of Technology, Institute California the at Society Physical American of the Talk presented at the annual meeting Manuscript/ Bottom. of at Room the (1959): R. There’sFeynmann, Plenty publications.html?pub_id=593 www.etcgroup.org/en/materials/ Technologies. Nano-scale of Applications Medical Rx. Nanotech (2006): Concentration) and Technology Group onErosion, (Action ETC pp. 524–525 344, Nature scanning tunneling microscope. In: a with atoms single Positioning (1990): E.K. Schweizer, D.M., Eigler, Revolution. Bonn logische nanotechno- –Die Zukunft Experiment (1994): C. Peterson, E., Drexler, New York of Creation. (1986): E. Engines Drexler, Berlin DrucksacheBundestag, 17/3771, Deutscher Nanotechnologien. der 17/3557 Perspektive und –Stand –Drucksache derSPD der Fraktion und weiterer Abgeordneter Rossmann, Dieter Dr. Gleicke, Ernst Iris Röspel, René derAbgeordneten Anfrage Kleine die auf der Bundesregierung (2010): Antwort Bundesregierung ische, ilosoph Ph pp. 33–48 Berlin, pektiven. t. Kontex m i ethische und gesellschaftliche ien Pers- nolog tech NANOTECHNOLOGY of nanotechnology. In: Nature Nature In: nanotechnology. of benefits and risks of the cognition (2009): Cultural G. Cohen, J., Gastil, D., P., Slovic, D., Braman, Kahan, chive/8.04/joy.html need us. www.wired.com/wired/ar doesn’t future the Why Joy, (2000): B. Philosophisch-ethische Fragen. Freiburg Zukunft. nanotechnologische eine in demWeg Auf (2008): A. Grunwald, ebs_244b_en.pdf eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ http://ec.europa. for Research. General Directorate- Commission’s European to the Areport 64.3. Eurobarometer on report Trends. and Final Patterns 2005: in Biotechnology and Europeans Torgersen, Wagner, H., C., W. (2006): Schreiner, G., Revuelta, N., Mejlgaard, N., Kronberger, J., Jackson, J., Hampel, C., Fischler, C., Corchero, N., Allum, A., Allansdottir, S., Stares, G., Gaskell, pp. 239–246 Technikfolgenabschätzung. Berlin, der Beitrag Der Governance. (eds.): M. Latzer, TechnologyM., Decker, S., Bröchler, A., Bora, G., Aichholzer, In: Nanotechnologie? der in Governance-Prozessen von Unterstützung die für Verfahren neues Ein Nanopartikel. synthetischer Auswirkungen gesundheitsrelevanten A. (2010): Evidenzbewertung von ing Human Performance. Arlington Performance. Human ing Converging Technologies for Improv- W. (eds.) Bainbridge, M., (2002):Roco, Entwicklung, Anwendung. Heidelberg Forschung, Nanotechnologie. (2004): C. D., Revermann, Oertel, R., Grünwald, T., Fleischer, C., Coenen, H., Paschen, Lebensmittel. Zürich der Bereich im Nanotechnologie (2009): B. Stratmann, K., Moch, A., U.,Hermann, Eberle, Möller, M., pp. 4, 87–90 Nanotechnology Debatte und politischen Aktivitäten zu der Stand Der Wissenschaften. und (2008): Konvergierende Technologien zung beim Deutschen Bundestag) Technikfolgen-Abschät- für (Büro TAB der Technologien. Hamburg Zukunft Die (2006): K. Steinmüller, ley_062299.htm Testi- House mony. www.house.gov/science/smal U.S. (1999): R.E. Smalley, 27(1),Analysis pp. 59–69 Risk In: Hazards. Nanotechnology of Perception Expert’s Laypeople’s and (2007): A. Frey,H., Wiek, S., Kastenholz, Keller, C., M., Siegrist, [email protected] 28491-109 30 +49 Revermann Dr. Christoph CONTACT Wissenschaft 03/2008, Berlin psychologische BfR Grundlagenstudie. tativerhebung und morphologisch- Repräsen- derBevölkerung. nologie in derNanotech- (2008): Wahrnehmung G.-F. (eds.) Böl, R., Hertel, R., Zimmer, pp. 673–677 45, Wochenbericht DIW des In: bekannt. wenig noch Bevölkerung der in Nanotechnologie (2007): G.G. Von Schupp, Wagner, J., B., Rosenbladt, Nr. Düsseldorf 86, Technologien Zukünftige pektiven. Entwicklungspers- und Quo Status Ostdeutschland. in Nanotechnologie VDI Technologiezentrum (2010): Nr. pp.Brief 26–27 36, TAB- Umwelt? und In: Mensch für riskant oder zukunftsfähig und haltig –nach- TAB (2009): Nanotechnologie papier Nr. 16, Berlin C.). TAB-Hintergrund- Coenen, Technologies«»Converging (author:

17 TAB-BRIEF NR. 39 / SPECIAL EDITION