HUNTIA a Journal of Botanical History
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Archival Afterlives: Life, Death, and Knowledge-Making in Early Modern British Scienti C and Medical Archives
Archival Afterlives: Life, Death, and Knowledge-Making in Early Modern British Scienti!"c and Medical Archives Kohn Centre The Royal Society 2 June 2015 Conference Description: Early modern naturalists collected, generated, and shared massive amounts of paper. Inspired by calls for the wholesale reform of natural philosophy and schooled in humanist note-taking practices, they generated correspondence, reading notes (in margins, on scraps, in notebooks), experimental and observational reports, and drafts (rough, partial, fair) of treatises intended for circulation in manuscript or further replication in print. If naturalists claimed all knowledge as their province, natural philosophy was a paper empire. In our own day, naturalists’ materials, ensconced in archives, libraries, and (occasionally) private hands, are now the foundation of a history of science that has taken a material turn towards paper, ink, pen, and !"ling systems as technologies of communication, information management, and knowledge production. Recently, the creation of such papers, and their originators’ organization of them and intentions for them have received much attention. The lives archives lived after their creators’ deaths have been explored less often. The posthumous fortunes of archives are crucial both to their survival as historical sources today and to their use as scienti!"c sources in the past. How did (often) disorderly collections of paper come to be “the archives of the Scienti!"c Revolution”? The proposed conference considers the histories of these papers from the early modern past to the digital present, including collections of material initially assembled by Samuel Hartlib, John Ray, Francis Willughby, Isaac Newton, Hans Sloane, Martin Lister, Edward Lhwyd, Robert Hooke, and Théodore de Mayerne. -
Introduction Botany Has Become Fashionable
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by University of Hertfordshire Research Archive Introduction Botany has become fashionable; in time it may become useful, if it be not so already.1 The stereotype of the forward, sexually precocious, female botanist made its first appearance in literature in the turbulent revolutionary climate of the 1790s, though women had, in fact, been avidly botanising earlier in the century. The emergence of this figure illustrates both the contemporary appeal, particularly to women, of the Linnaean Sexual System of botanical classification, and the anxieties surrounding female modesty it provoked. Thus, in the reactionary poem, The Unsex’d Females (1798), the Reverend Richard Polwhele warned that botanising girls, in scrutinising the sexual parts of the flower, were indulging in acts of wanton titillation. In the same year James Plumptre conceived a comic opera entitled The Lakers in which the heroine is a female botanist, ‗Miss Beccabunga Veronica of Diandria Hall‘.2 Veronica‘s precocious search for botanical specimens parallels her immodest search for a husband. With only Erasmus Darwin‘s provocative account of The Loves of the Plants (1789) to guide her, ‗she has been studying the system of plants, till she now wishes to know the system of man‘ (I.1. 2). Botany, we are reminded in the preface, ‗is by no means a proper amusement for the more polished sex‘ (xii). The botanising activities of Veronica‘s maid, Anna, suggest that the fashion for women‘s botany has, deplorably, even reached the servant classes. Anna has been learning something of Linnaean classification and she later confides to the aptly named Billy Sample that ‗all ladies who know anything study botamy [sic] now‘ (III. -
Evan Gaughan
Introduction The aim of this thesis is to reassess the role of women as significant collectors and patrons of natural history, fine arts and antiquities in the long eighteenth century.1 The agency and achievements of early modern female collectors and patrons have been largely eclipsed by histories of gentlemen virtuosi and connoisseurs, which examine patriarchal displays of collecting and patronage while overlooking and undervaluing the contributions made by their female counterparts. These works, in general, have operated within an androcentric framework and dismissed or failed to address the ways in which objects were commissioned, accumulated, or valued by those who do not fit into prevailing male-dominated narratives. Only in the last decade have certain scholars begun to take issue with this historiographical ignorance and investigated the existence and importance of a corresponding culture of collecting and patronage in which women exercised considerable authority. Most of this literature consists of limited, superficial portrayals that do not tell us much about the realities of female collecting and patronage in any given time or place. This project attempts to fill the historiographical gap through a detailed study of several of the most prominent British female collectors and patrons of the long eighteenth century and an analysis of how their experiences and activities disrupt or complicate our understanding of contemporary collecting and patronage practices. Although a significant intention of this thesis is to reveal the lack of well-focused or sustained scholarship on this topic, its primary objective is to restore women to their central place in the history of 1 For the purposes of this thesis, the eighteenth century has been expanded to embrace related historical movements that occurred in the first two and a half decades of the nineteenth century. -
The History and Influence of Maria Sibylla Merian's Bird-Eating Tarantula: Circulating Images and the Production of Natural Knowledge
Biology Faculty Publications Biology 2016 The History and Influence of Maria Sibylla Merian's Bird-Eating Tarantula: Circulating Images and the Production of Natural Knowledge Kay Etheridge Gettysburg College Follow this and additional works at: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/biofac Part of the Biology Commons, and the Illustration Commons Share feedback about the accessibility of this item. Recommended Citation Etheridge, K. "The History and Influence of Maria Sibylla Merian’s Bird-Eating Tarantula: Circulating Images and the Production of Natural Knowledge." Global Scientific Practice in the Age of Revolutions, 1750 – 1850. P. Manning and D. Rood, eds. (Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Press. 2016). 54-70. This is the publisher's version of the work. This publication appears in Gettysburg College's institutional repository by permission of the copyright owner for personal use, not for redistribution. Cupola permanent link: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/biofac/54 This open access book chapter is brought to you by The Cupola: Scholarship at Gettysburg College. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of The Cupola. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The History and Influence of Maria Sibylla Merian's Bird-Eating Tarantula: Circulating Images and the Production of Natural Knowledge Abstract Chapter Summary: A 2009 exhibition at the Fitzwilliam Museum on the confluence of science and the visual arts included a plate from a nineteenth-century encyclopedia owned by Charles Darwin showing a tarantula poised over a dead bird (figure 3.1).1 The genesis of this startling scene was a work by Maria Sibylla Merian (German, 1647–1717), and the history of this image says much about how knowledge of the New World was obtained, and how it was transmitted to the studies and private libraries of Europe, and from there into popular works like Darwin’s encyclopedia. -
Catalogue 294 Recent Acquisitions CATALOGUE 294 Catalogue 294
ANTIQUARIAAT JUNK ANTIQUARIAAT Antiquariaat Junk Catalogue 294 1 Recent Acquisitions CATALOGUE CATALOGUE 294 Catalogue 294 Old & Rare Books Recent Acquisitions 2016 121 Levaillant Catalogue 294 Recent Acquisitions Antiquariaat Junk B.V. Allard Schierenberg and Jeanne van Bruggen Van Eeghenstraat 129, NL-1071 GA Amsterdam The Netherlands Telephone: +31-20-6763185 Telefax: +31-20-6751466 [email protected] www.antiquariaatjunk.com Natural History Booksellers since 1899 Please visit our website: www.antiquariaatjunk.com with thousands of colour pictures of fine Natural History books. You will also find more pictures of the items displayed in this catalogue. Items 14 & 26 sold Frontcover illustration: 88 Gessner Backcover illustration: 121 Levaillant GENERAL CONDITIONS OF SALE as filed with the registry of the District Court of Amsterdam on No- vember 20th, 1981 under number 263 / 1981 are applicable in extenso to all our offers, sales, and deliveries. THE PRICES in this catalogue are net and quoted in Euro. As a result of the EU single Market legisla- tion we are required to charge our EU customers 6% V.A.T., unless they possess a V.A.T. registration number. Postage additional, please do not send payment before receipt of the invoice. All books are sold as complete and in good condition, unless otherwise described. EXCHANGE RATES Without obligation: 1 Euro= 1.15 USD; 0.8 GBP; 124 JPY VISITORS ARE WELCOME between office hours: Monday - Friday 9.00 - 17.30 OUR V.A.T. NUMBER NL 0093.49479B01 134 Meyer 5 [1] AEMILIANUS, J. Naturalis de Ruminantibus historia Ioannis Aemy- liani... Venetiis, apaud Franciscum Zilettum, 1584. -
Australasian Lichenology Australasian Lichenology Number 45, July 1999 Number 45, July 1999
Australasian Lichenology Australasian Lichenology Number 45, July 1999 Number 45, July 1999 Byssoloma sublmdulatllm lmm Byssoloma subdiscordans lmm ANNOUNCEMENTS Dampier 300, Biodiversity in Australia, Perth, 1999 .................................. ....... 2 14th meeting of Australasian lichenologists, Melbourne, 1999 ......................... 2 4th IAL Symposium, Barcelona, 2000 ..... .. .......................................................... 2 The Southern Connection, Christchurch, 2000 .. ............................ ..................... 3 ADDITIONAL LICHEN RECORDS FROM AUSTRALIA Archer, AW (40}-Pertusaria knightiana MUll. Arg........................................... 4 Elix, JA; Streimann, H (41}-Parmeliaceae. .................................... .. ................ 5 ADDITIONAL LICHEN RECORDS FROM NEW ZEALAND Galloway, DJ; Knight, A; Johnson, PN; Hayward, BW (30)-Polycoccum galli genum .. ............................................................................................................... 8 ARTICLES Lumbsch, HT-Notes on some genera erroneously reported for Australia ........ 10 Elix, JA; McCaffery, LF-Three new tridepsides in the lichenPseudocyphellaria billardierei ................................................................................ .. ................ ..... 12 Trinkaus, U; Mayrhofer, H; Matzer, M-Rinodinagennarii (Physciaceae), a wide spread species in the temperate regions of the Southern Hemisphere ........ 15 Malcolm, WM; Vezda, A; McCarthy, PM; Kantvilas, G-Porina subapplanata, a new species from -
The Cultural Circulation of Political Economy, Botany, and Natural Knowledge
social sciences $€ £ ¥ Article Malthus and the Philanthropists, 1764–1859: The Cultural Circulation of Political Economy, Botany, and Natural Knowledge J. Marc MacDonald Department of History, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada; [email protected]; Tel.: +1-902-569-4865 Academic Editor: Bryan L. Sykes Received: 16 July 2016; Accepted: 3 January 2017; Published: 10 January 2017 Abstract: Modernity does not possess a monopoly on mass incarceration, population fears, forced migration, famine, or climatic change. Indeed, contemporary and early modern concerns over these matters have extended interests in Thomas Malthus. Yet, despite extensive research on population issues, little work explicates the genesis of population knowledge production or how the process of intellectual transfer occurred during the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. This paper examines the Delessert network’s instrumental role in cultivating, curating, and circulating knowledge that popularized Malthusian population theory, including the theory’s constitutive elements of political economy, philanthropy, industry, agriculture, and botany. I show how deviant, nonconformist groups suffered forced migration for their political philosophy, particularly during the revolutionary 1790s, resulting in their imprisonment and migration to America. A consequence of these social shifts was the diffusion and dissemination of population theory—as a pursuit of scientific knowledge and exploration—across both sides of the Atlantic. By focusing on the Delesserts and their social network, I find that a byproduct of inter and intra continental migration among European elites was a knowledge exchange that stimulated Malthus’s thesis on population and Genevan Augustin Pyramus Candolle’s research on botany, ultimately culminating in Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection and human evolution. -
Sir Hans Sloane's Voyage to Jamaica, 1687-1689
Sir Hans Sloane's Voyage to Jamaica, 1687-1689 Editor's Introduction I Voyages of discovery were an important part of the search for a new order in the natural world. Tony Rice charts Sir Hans Sloane's seventeenth-century expedition to Jamaica, a voyage that produced one of the world's most significant natural history collections. Sloane amassed a hoard of thousands of natural history books, objects and artworks in his quest for a rationalist approach to the study of nature. Lovers of milk chocolate would probably not immediately see a connection between the object of their passion and the establishment of the British Museum. The curious link is a young ltish-born Protestant physician setting out on a long and distinguished medical career in late 17th-century London. In 1687 Hans Sloane was 27 years old, already had a well-established practice and was firmly ensconced in the medical and scientific society of the capital. Sloane's world was a turbulent one, politically, religiously and especially philosophically. There was still a widespread belief amongst savants that the "conect" approach to the natural world was a totally detached and Portra� of Sir Hans Sloane. hypothetical one, resulting in interpretations of natural phenomena, including plants and animals, that frequently owed more to imagination than to fact. Consequently, most published accounts of natural history were still full of fictitious nonsense often based on fanciful travellers' tales brought back by uncritical observers from exotic parts of the world. But what was to become the world's most respected scientific society, the Royal Society "for promoting natural knowledge," had been founded in 1660, the year of Sloane's birth. -
Divers Things: Collecting the World Under Water
Hist. Sci., xlix (2011) DIVERS THINGS: COLLECTING THE WORLD UNDER WATER James Delbourgo Rutgers University I do not pretend to have been to the bottom of the sea. Robert Boyle, 1670 matter out of place Consider the following object as shown in an early eighteenth-century engraving (Figure 1). It is a piece of wood — not a highly worked thing, not ingeniously wrought, though it is an artefact of human labour rather than a natural body. Or is it? In the engraving, the piece of wood disappears: it is visible towards the bottom of the image, a sober pointed stump, but it is quickly subsumed by a second, enveloping entity that swirls about it in an embroidering corkscrew. What elements are here intertwin- ing? The legend beneath the engraving identifies the artefact thus: “Navis, prope Hispaniolam ann Dom 1659. Naufragium passae, asser, a clavo ferreo transfixus, corallio aspero candicante I. B. Obsitus, & a fundo maris anno 1687 expiscatus.” It describes a stake or spar from a ship wrecked off Hispaniola in 1659, which is transfixed by both an iron bolt and rough whitish coral, fished out of the depths in 1687. This collector’s item is neither the cliché of exemplarily beautiful coral nor straightforwardly a historical relic, but an intertwining of the two: the “transfixing” of a remnant of maritime technology by an aquatic agent. It exhibits the very proc- ess of encrustation. The spar is juxtaposed with the image of a jellyfish, and more proximately, engravings of Spanish silver coins, also encrusted with coral: “Nummus argenteus Hispanicus … incrustatus”, one of the labels reads.1 Still another illustra- tion, in a separate engraving, bears the legend “Frustum ligni e mari atlantico erutum cui adhaerescunt conchae anatiferae margine muricata” — a piece of “drift wood beset with bernecle [sic] shells”. -
Professor Robert Scott (Ca
Glasra 3: 115–143 (1998) ‘A willing Cicerone’: Professor Robert Scott (ca. 1757–1808) of Trinity College, Dublin, Fermanagh’s first botanist E. CHARLES NELSON Tippitiwitchet Cottage, Hall Road, Outwell, Wisbech, PE14 8PE, U.K. INTRODUCTION Having been brought up in the lakeland of County Fermanagh, it is hardly surprising that Robert Scott1 (Figure 1) loved outdoors pursuits, fishing for trout, fowling, and geological or botanical rambles looking for minerals, or mosses, lichens and fungi, those inconspicuous but ubiquitous plants that are so often ignored. He was an ‘ingenious, lively man with great merit, and a good botanist’2 and to him Dawson Turner, a Norfolk banker who was also an antiquarian and an eminent botanist, dedicated Muscologiae Hibernicae spicilegium (Figures 2a & b), published privately in Yarmouth in the early Spring 1804. Only the scantiest fragments of information have been published about Scott, who was Professor of Botany in the University of Dublin from late November 1800 until his death in September 1808. Praeger3 recounted his professorship (but gave incorrect dates4) and noted that Scott had discovered intermediate bladderwort, Utricularia intermedia, in Fermanagh5 and the moss Dicranum scottianum in Cavan, that Muscologiae Hibernicae spicilegium was dedicated to him by his ‘chief friend’, Dawson Turner, and that Robert Brown coined Scottia for an Australian genus in the Fabaceae in his memory. Scott received brief mentions in Smith’s English botany,6 Moore’s synopsis of the mosses of Ireland,7 and in the historical preface to Colgan’s Flora of the county Dublin8 where he is credited with adding upright brome, Bromus (= Bromopsis) erectus, to the county’s flora, as well as horned pondweed, Zannichellia palustris, beaked tasselweed, Ruppia maritima, and greater pond-sedge, Carex riparia. -
English Female Artists
^ $525.- V ^ T R /S. / / \ * t {/<•/dti '/’rlk- Printed lor Hob'.Saryer.N?^ in Fleet Street ■ ENGLISH 'EMALE ART < rn us. Ei.LSK C. G) aYXO v A' £HOR Of •' QUi'JBKir OF 80N0 ' !,'TO. • • • VOL f. LONDON; ! OTHERS, S CATHERINE ST.. SXRAN I) 187C. (A'ii *1 ijkti r ;,d) * ENGLISH FEMALE ARTISTS. lBY ELLEN C. CLAYTON, AUTHOR OF “QUEENS OF SONG,” ETC. IN TWO VOLUMES. VOL. I. I- LONDON: TINSLEY BROTHERS, 8 CATHERINE ST., STRAND. 1876. (All rights reserved.) TO (gHsabftlt Sltompisian THIS BOOK, A ROLL CALL OF HONOURABLE NAMES, is BY PERMISSION INSCRIBED, IN TESTIMONY OF ADMIRATION FOR HER GENIUS. CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. PAGE Susannah Hornebolt. Lavinia Teerlinck ... ... ... 1 CHAPTER II. Anne Carlisle. Artemisia Gentileschi. The Sisters Cleyn 14 CHAPTER III. Anna Maria Carew. Elizabeth Neale. Mary More. Mrs. Boardman. Elizabeth Creed ... ... ... ... 35 CHAPTER IY. Mary Beale ... ... ... ... ... ... 40 CHAPTER Y. Susan Penelope Rose ... ... ... ... ... 54 CHAPTER VI. Anne Killigrew ... ... ... ... ... ... 59 CHAPTER VII. Maria Varelst ... ... ... ... ... ... 71 VI CONTENTS. CHAPTER VIII. PAGE Anne, Princess of Orange. Princess Caroline. Agatha Van- dermijn. Sarah Hoadley 78 CHAPTER IX. Elizabeth Blackwell 91 CHAPTER X. Mary Delany 96 CHAPTER XL Frances Reynolds 146 CHAPTER XII. Maria Anna Angelica Catherine Kauffman 233 CHAPTER XIII. Mary Moser 295 CHAPTER XIV. Maria Cecilia Louisa Cosway 314 CHAPTER XV. Amateurs: Temp. George the Third 336 CHAPTER XVI. The Close of the Eighteenth Century 359 CHAPTER XVII. The Earlier Years of the Nineteenth Century ... 379 CHAPTER XVIII. Mary Harrison. Anna Maria Charretie. Adelaide A. Maguire 410 LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL AUTHORITIES CONSULTED FOR THE FIRST VOLUME. Annual Registek. Abt Joubnal. -
The Linnean NEWSLETTER and PROCEEDINGS of the LINNEAN SOCIETY of LONDON
The Linnean NEWSLETTER AND PROCEEDINGS OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON Volume 36 Number 1 April 2020 Gangetic Fishes: Parallel History: A British Discovery: Francis Hamilton's Gesellscha� Naturforschender William Bingley FLS commissioned images Freunde zu Berlin AND MORE... Communicating nature since 1788 The Linnean Society of London Burlington House, Piccadilly, London W1J 0BF UK Toynbee House, 92–94 Toynbee Road, Wimbledon SW20 8SL UK (by appointment only) +44 (0)20 7434 4479 www.linnean.org [email protected] @LinneanSociety President SECRETARIES COUNCIL Dr Sandra Knapp Scienti fi c The Offi cers () Vice Presidents Vice Presidents Prof. Simon Hiscock Dr Malcolm Scoble Dr Colin Clubbe Dr Olwen Grace Mathew Frith Dr Blanca Huertas Editorial Prof. Beverley Glover Prof. Paul Henderson Prof. Mark Chase FRS Prof. Anjali Goswami Dr Malcolm Scoble Prof. Alistair Hetherington Collecti ons Prof. Alan Hildrew Treasurer Prof. Dame Georgina Mace FRS Dr Mark Watson Dr John David Dr Silvia Pressel Strategy Prof. Max Telford Dr Natasha de Vere Prof. David Cutler Stephanie West THE TEAM Execu� ve Secretary Financial Controller & Conservator Dr Elizabeth Rollinson Membership Offi cer Janet Ashdown Priya Nithianandan Head of Collec� ons Special Publica� ons Manager Dr Isabelle Charman� er Buildings & Offi ce Manager Leonie Berwick Librarian Helen Shaw Educa� on & Public Engagement Will Beharrell Communica� ons & Events Manager Joe Burton Archivist Manager (To be announced) Mul� media Content Producer c Ross Ziegelmeier Liz M Gow Room Hire & Membership Assistant Archivist Assistant Ta� ana Franco BioMedia Meltdown Project Luke Thorne Offi cer Daryl Stenvoll-Wells Digital Assets Manager Archivist emerita Andrea Deneau Engagement Research & Gina Douglas Delivery Offi cer Zia Forrai Editor Publishing in The Linnean Gina Douglas The Linnean is published twice a year, in April and October.