Palynology of the Upper Campanian (Cretaceous) Judith River Formation, North-Central Montana

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GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 770

Palynology of the Upper Campanian (Cretaceous) Judith River Formation, North-Central Montana

By BERNADINE D. TSCHUDY

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 770

Identification of fossil pollen and spores in rocks from the type area

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON 1973 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

ROGERS C. B. MORTON, Secretary

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

V. E. McKelvey, Director

Library of Congress catalog-card No. 72-600366

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D'.C. 20402 Price: Paper cover-,1.25, domestic postpaid; '1.00, GPO Bookstore. Stock No. 2401-00291 CONTENTS

Page Page Albstract ------1 Systematics-Continued Introduction ------ 1 Bisaccates-Continued The Judith River Formation ------1 Genus Cedripites Wodehouse, 1933 ------ 15 Sample localities ------ 1 Genus Pityosporites Seward, 1914 emend. Processing of samples and photography ------ 1 Manum, 1960 ------ 15 Procedure of study------ 2 Genus Podocarpidites Cookson ex Couper, Depository of types and other illustrated 1953. emend. Potonie, 1958 ------ 16 specimens ------2 Genus Pristinuspollenites n. gen. ------ 16 Alcknowledgments ______3 Genus Rugubivesiculites Pierce, 1961 ------ 18 Pollen-spore zone·s ______3 Genus Vitreisporites Leschik, 1955 sensu Systematics ------ 6 Potonie, 1958 ------18 Triletes __ ------ 6 Miscellany ______19 Genus Cyathidites Couper, 1953 ------ 6 Genus Taxodiaceaepollenites Kremp, 1949 ex Genus Deltoidospora Miner, 1935 emend. Potonie, 1958 ------19 Potonie, 1956 ______: ____ _ 6 Genus Sequoiapollenites Thiergart, 1937 ____ _ 20 Genus Stereisporites Pflug iri Thomson and Genus Classopollis Pflug, 1953 emend. Pocock Pflug, 1953 ------ 6 and Jansonius, 1961 ------ 20 Genus Leptolepidites Couper, 1953 emend. Genus Equisetosporites Daugherty, 1941 Potonie, 1966 ------ 7 emend. Singh, 1964 ------20 Genus Baculatisporites Pflug and Thomson Monosulcates ------ 20 in Thomson and Pflug, 1953 ------7 Genus Arecipites Wodehouse, 1933 ------20 .Genus Osmundacidites Couper,l953 -~------ 7 Genus Liliacidites Couper, 1953 ------ 20 Genus Kuylisporites Potonie, 1956 -----,---- 8 Genus Ovoidites Potonie ex Krutzsch, 1959a Genus !schyosporites Balme, 1957 ------ 8 emend. Potonie, 1966 ------21 Genus· Cicatricosisporites Potonie and ~ Tricolpates ------ 21 Gelletich, 1933 emend. Potonie, 1966 ______8 Genus Aesculiidites Elsik, 1968b ------21 Genus Ghoshispora Srivastava, 1966 sensu Genus Grewipollenites Srivastava, 1969d ___ _ 21 Leffingwell, 1971 ------8 Genus Pulcheripollenites Srivastava, 1969d __ 22 Genus Foraminisporis Krutzsch, 1959a ______8 Genus Tricolpites Cookson ex Couper, 1953 Genus Polycingulatisporites Simoncsics and emend. Potonie, 1960 ------ 22 Kedves, 1961 emend. Playford and Genus Tricolpopollenites· Pflug and Thomson Dettmann, 1965 ------ 8 in Thomson and Pflug, 1953 --,------ 24 Genus Trisolissporites n. gen ------8 Genus Cranwellia Srivastava, 1966 ------ 26 Genus Gleicheniidites Ross, 1949 emend. Genus Fibulapollis Chlonova, 1961 ------ 26 Skarby, 1964 ------ 10 Genus Aquilapollenites Rouse, 1957 ------ 26 Genus Camarozonosporites Pant ex Potonie, Genus Mancicorpus Mtchedlishvili, pro parte, 1956 emend. Klaus, 1960 ------ 11 Krutzsch, 1970 ------ 29 Monoletes ------ 11 Polycolpates ------29 Genus Laevigatosporites Ibrahim, 1933 Genus Sindorapollis Krutzsch, 1969 ______29 emend. Schopf, Wilson, and Bentall, 1944 __ 11 Tricolporates ------ 30 Genus Umbosporites Newman, 1965 ______11 Genus Cupanieidites Cookson and Pike, 1954 _ 30 Genus Microfoveolatosporis Krutzsch, 1959a _ 11 Genus Tricolporites Cookson, 1947 ------ 30 Zonates ------11 Genus Montanapollis Tschudy, 1971 ------ 31 Genus Seduc,tisporites Chlonova, 1961 ______11 Genus Siberiapollis Tschudy, 1971 ------31 Genus Zonalapollenites Pflug in Thomson Triporates ------ 31 and Pflug, 1953 ------ 13 Genus Triatriopollenites Pflug in Thomson Bisaccates ------14 and Pflug, 1953 ------ 31 Genus Alisporites Daugherty, 1941 ______14 Genus Subtriporopollenites Pflug and Thom- Genus Abietineaepollenites Potonie, 1951 ex son in Thomson and Pflug, 1953 ------ 31 Delcourt and Sprumont, 1955 ------14 Genus Proteacidites Cookson ex Couper, 1953_ 32 m IV CONTENTS

Page Page Systematics-Continued Systematics-Continued Polyporates ------ 32 Tetrads ------32 Genus Periporopollenites Pflug and Thomson Genus Inaperturotetradites van Hoeken- emend. Krutzsch, 1966 ------32 Klinkenberg, 1964 ------32 Genus Erdtmanipollis Krutzsch, 1962 ______32 Genus Droseridites Cookson, 1947 ex Potonie, Dyads ______------32 1960 ------33 Genus Dyadonapites Erdtman, 1947 ex 33 32 IndexReferences ______cited ------_ Tschudy (this report) ------39

ILLUSTRATIONS [Plates follow index]

PLATE 1. Cyathidites, Deltoidospora, Stereisporites, Leptolepidites, Baculatisporites, Osmundacidites, Kuylisporites, lschyosporites, Cicatricosisporites, Ghoshispora. 2. Foraminisporis, Polycingulatisporites, Trisolissporites, and Dulhuntyispora. 3. Gleicheniidites, C amarozonosporites, Laevig atospo rites, U mbosporites, Micro f oveolatosporis, and S eductisporites. 4. S eductisporites. 5. Zonalapollenites, Alisporites, Abietineaepollenites, Cedripites, and Pityosporites. 6. Pityosporites. 7. Podocarpidites, Pristinuspollenites, and Rugubivesiculites. 8. Vitreisporites, Taxodiaceaepollenites, Sequoiapollenites, Classopollis, Equisetosporites, Arecipites, Liliacidites, Ovoidites, Aesculiidites Gre1vipollenites, Pulcheripollenites, and Tricolpites.· 9. Tricolpopollenites, Cranwellia, Fibulapollis, and Aquilapollenites. 10. Aquilapollenites, Mancicorpus, Sindorapollis, Cupanieidites, and Tricolporites. 11. Montanapollis, Siberiapollis, Triatriopollenites, Subtriporopollenites, Proteacidites, Periporopollenites, Erdtmani pollis, Dyadonapites, lnaperturotetradites, and Droseridites..

Page FIGURE 1. Composite section showing stratigraphic position of pollen-spore collections from Judith River Formation 2 2. Index map showing sample localities ------3

TABLES

Page TABLE 1. Stratigraphic distribution of pollen and spores _ ------4 2. Pollen-spore zones, based on selected taxa from table 1 ------6 3. Abundance ratios between two pairs of pollen s.pecies ------7 PALYNOLOGY OF THE UPPER CAMPANIAN (CRETACEOUS) JUDITH RIVER FORMATION, NORTH-CENTRAL MONTANA

By BERNADINE D. TscHUDY

ABSTRACT tion" as lying between the mouths of the Judith A large assemblage of well-preserved fossil pollen and River on the west and "Little Rocky Mountain spores was found to be incorporated in 13 samples from Creek" (Rock Creek) on the east and as extending upper Campanian rocks from the type area of the Judith both north and south of the Missouri River for about River Formation near the Missouri River in north-central 20 miles. Montana. Three fairly distinct zones and one transition zone, on the basis of the extracted palynomorphs, were recognized The composite section (fig. 1) of the Judith River within the composite section studied. Most of the microfossils Formation in areas from which J. R. Gill and L. G. morphologically worthy of taxonomic designations were as Schultz collected samples is about 775 feet thick. signable to previously known species and (or) genera; but The lower marine part of the section was included two new genera, 10 new species, and one new variety were in the Claggett Formation by Stanton and Hatcher named and described to accommodate new taxa. The palyno morph assemblages recovered from the 13 samples of the ( 1905, p. 32, 35-36) . section are listed in stratigraphic s,equence, and the taxa SAMPLE LOCALITIES are illustrated. The 13 samples used in this study are the pollen INTRODUCTION spore collections which J. R. Gill and L. G. Schultz Preliminary palynological work on 18 rock sam made within their composite section of the Judith ples furnished by J. R. Gill and L. G. Schultz from River Formation in its type area. Eleven of the a composite section from the type areas of the samples were collected near the west end of the Claggett Shale and Judith River Formation in area, at sites near the Judith River and Dog Creek north-central Montana disclosed a large assemblage south of the Missouri River and near Birch Creek of well-preserved palynomorphs. This report in north of the Missouri River. The other two samples corporates the results of extensive work on 13 sam were collected toward the east end of the area from ples from five collection localities from the Judith sites slightly north of the Missouri River. The geo River Formation part of the composite section. The graphic localities from which the samples were col purpose of the study was the identification of the lected are shown on the index map (fig. 2). Section, taxa that make up the Judith River Formation township, and range localities of the individual sEc pollen and spore assemblage. tions and the relative positions of the samples within the composite stratigraphic section are shown in THE JUDITH RIVER FORMATION figure 1. Hayden (1859, p. 123-124) dramatically described the area near the mouth of the Judith River which PROCESSING OF SAMPLES AND PHOTOGRAPHY he called the "Bad Lands of the Judith," and he The samples were processed and the slides pre later (1871, p. 97) formally designated the strata pared by standard laboratory procedures, as de of the Judith basin as the "Judith Group." Stanton scribed by Robert H. Tschudy (1970, p. F2). and Hatcher (1905, p. 11-66) summarized the his A Zeiss photoscope was used for the photographs tory of early exploration in the region along the of all specimens. Neofluar X 54 and X 100 and Missouri River near the mouth of the Judith River apochromatic x 40 oil-immersion objectives were and described the lithologic and paleontologic fea used on the photoscope for all except one of the tures of the Judith River Formation. On the bases photographs; a neofluar 10 x objective was used of early reports by Hayden and of their own obser for the photograph of an extremely large spore, vations, Stanton and Hatcher (1905, p. 32-33) de Ghoshispora sp. (pl. 1, fig. 17). Adox KB-14, 35-mm fined "the original area of the Judith River forma- (millimeter) film was used for all the photographs. 1 2 PALYNOLOGY, UPPER CAMPANIAN JUDITH RIVER FORMATION, NORTH-CENTRAL MONT.

Gill and Schultz taxon may be divided by two to determine percent section G61-13E age. At least two (and for some samples as many NW¥<1 NE¥<1 sec. 31, NWl/4 sec. 26, Bearpaw T. 22 N., R. 24 E., T. 24 N., R. 17E., as six) slides were scanned in search for taxa not Shale Phillips County Blaine County found within the 200-count procedure; these addi ----,.---+------ll-04067-----+----- tional taxa are indicated by the symbol X. The taxa - 03725-A and groups of taxa in table 1 are numbered con secutively, and these numbers are used in the sec ~ 03725-B tion "S~stematics" of this report and in tables 2 and 3. 1- 03725;-C Dinoflagellates and acritarchs were found in a

r-- 03725-0 few of the samples throughout the section. These were not included in the counts sho\\ n in table 1. t ro c. In samples where present, these made up 2 percent Q) c or less 6f the totar palynomorph counts. z -~ - 03725-E Most of the taxa that were morphologically 0 E c t 0 worthy of taxonomic designations were assignable <( c :2: Q) to previously known and described species and (or) c. a:: c. 0 ::J Gill and Schultz genera. A few of these genera and species are re LL. section G61-13C described on the basis of the additional data ob About center of a:: tained from the Judith River Formation specimens, LJ.J N El;4 sec. 31, > T. 23 N., R. 17 E., but new descriptions are furnished only if contri Fergus County a:: butions to previous descriptions can be made. SWlj4 SW1;4 SWI;4 sec. 15., J: T. 23 N., R. 22 E., I- 03726-B Two new genera, 10 new species, and one new t- Phillips County o variety were named and described to accommodate ::J...., ----+04069----i-03726-A----- new taxa. Several of the new species occurred in the samples in vecy low frequency but were nu SWlj4 SW1;4 sec. 36, T. 23 N., R. 16 E., merically well represented on the slides and were 1- 0 3726-E Fergus County ·Ill 1-03726-0 I conspicuous elements of the microfossil assemblage. c. j04070 Q) Some of these new species apparently have limited c ·;:: ro stratigraphic ranges. All descriptions of new species E 1-03726-C except one were based on at least 15 specimens. Two Q) :;: 0 additional new genera and their respective type . ...J species were named and described from samples of this series of Judith River Formation samples in an earlier report (Tschudy, 1971). l During the literature search involved in the sys Feet Claggett tematic part of this study several taxonomic prob Shale lems were evident. The problems are discussed, and [0 attempts are made to contribute to their resolutions. DEPOSITORY OF TYPES AND OTHER ILLUSTRATED SPECIMENS

FIGURE 1.-Composite section showing stratigraphic posi All specimens found in samples of the Judith tion of pollen-spore collections from Judith River Forma River Formation that are illustrated in this report tion. Collections made by J. R. Gill and L. G. Schultz are deposited in the slide files of the paleobotanical in 1961 and by J. R. Gill in 1967. Data from unpub collections of the U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, lished composite section by J. R. Gill and L. G. Schultz. Colo. The tYiPe specimens are within the ink-circled areas on the slides but may also be located by the PROCEDURE OF STUDY mechanical stage coordinates which are given in Two hundred palynomorphs, consisting of pollen the plate explanations, this report. These coordi and . spores, were counted under high-power (X nates may be converted to those of another mechani 430) magnification for each of the 13 samples used cal stage as explained by Tschudy ( 1969, p. A1) or in this study (table 1). An individual count for any Tschudy (1971, p. B53). POLLEN-SPORE ZONES 3

R.23 E. R. 24 E. R.25 E. R. 26 E. R. 16 E. R. 19 E. R. 20 E.

T. 24 N. ! I

T. ~~~--+---~~~------r-~~~~ 23 N.

T. 22 N. FERGUS COUNTY

T. 21 N.

0 5 MILES

FIGURE 2.-lndex map showing sample localities.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS of the section are palynologically distinguishable Many people contributed to this study and their from the samples higher in the section. These con help is appreciated. Dr. B. E. Balme furnished a tain several taxa not present in the samples above, slide containing specimens of Dulhuntyispora which and lack several taxa that are more or less con were useful for comparison with species of the new sistently present in the upper samples. The lower genus Trisolissporites that is described in this re most four samples make up zone 3. Between zones port. J. R. Gill and L. G. Schultz furnished the rock 2 and 3 are three samples that have pollen and spore samples and the stratigraphic information pert'ain characteristics (based on the selected taxa) partly ing to them. Sharon Van Loenen did the laboratory resembling those of the upper zone (zone 2) and preparations of the sample material. John W. Hall partly resembling those of the lower zone (zone 3) ; loaned me some of Richard L. Pierce's type speci these make up the transitional zone. mens from the pale~botanical collection of the Uni Many of the more abundant species and groups versity of Minnesota's Botany Department. of taxa of the Judith River Formation assemblage range throughout the section studied, with erratic POLLEN-SPORE ZONES percentage occurrences from sample to sample and Pollen-spore zones within the section studied are with no apparent trend toward greater or less not easily discernible from the total data shown in abundance from the top to the bottom of the sec table 1; however, three zones and one transitional tion; these taxa thus do not appear to have any zone-based on 22 selected taxa from table 1-are stratigraphic significance within the Judith River recognizable and are indicated in table 2. The high Formation section. A few of the more abundant est sample in the section ( D4067) which was be species, however, show trends toward higher per lieved by J. R. Gill to be Bearpaw Shale (basal) centage occurrence in either the lower or the upper or Judith River Formation (uppermost) is palyno part of the section-for example, Tricolpites reticu logically similar to the next lower sample, D3725-A. latus (taxon 24) and Tricolpites hians (taxon 25) These two samples make up the uppermost zone, are more abundant in the lower part of the s·ection, here designated as zone 1. The next four samples, and Tricolpopollenites levitas (taxon 29) and Tri lower in the section, contain several taxa that are colpopollenites tessellatus (taxon 30) are more not present in the uppermost zone; these four sam abundant in the upper part. Ratios in table 3 clearly ples constitute zone 2. The lowermost four samples show this reversal in abundance of the two pairs 4 PALYNOLOGY, UPPER CAMPANIAN JUDITH RIVER FORMATION, NORTH-CENTRAL MONT.

TABLE !.-Stratigraphic distribution of pollen and spores [Counts divided by 2=percentages. X denotes occurrence; asterisk (*) indicates questionable determination]

Judith River Formation

Taxon or group

Upper nonmarine part Lower marine part

USGS paleobotany locality No. No. Name

1 Cyathidites minor ------2 1 3 2 7 2 2 2 1 3 2 Deltoidospora sp ------1 3 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 Stereisporites spp ------1 1 1 7 4 Leptolepidites major and cf. L. major X * 1 X 2 5 Foraminisporis wonthaggiensis ------X X X 1 4 X 2 6 Kuylisporites spp ------X X 7 Cicatricosisporites radiatus ------X 8 Ghoshispora sp. ------X X X 2 2 9 Gleicheniidites spp ------11 2 6 1 3 1 4 6 X 16 7 10 10 Camarozonosporites spp ------1 X 1 X 11 Unclassified triletes ------9 4 3 2 1 11 2 8 6 6 7 7 6 12 Laevigatosporites spp ------19 27 6 20 12 23 4 33 30 3 14 6 22 13 Umbosporites callosus ------X X X X X 4 3 4 14 Microfoveolatosporis canaliculatus ______2 8 1 8 X 3 2 5 15 Rugubivesiculites sp ------X 2 X 4 X 1 16 Unclassified bisaccates ------1 14 3 2 11 10 16 7 4 5 17 Unclas·sified inaperturates ------1 X 1 5 2 6 18 Taxodiaceaepollenites hiatus ------37 2 47 1 55 68 84 70 4 44 35 25 20 19 Equisetosporites spp ------X 3 X 20 Liliacidites complexus ------9 4 1 2 1 X 6 21 A recipites spp. and unclassified monosulcates ------4 6 3 10 4 3 3 4 2 11 5 7 3 22 Aesculiidites dubius ------2 1 3 1 23 Pulcheripollenites krempii ------1 * 1 X X 1 2 1 * 1 24 Tricolpites reticulatus ------1 14 1 X X 46 24 22 2 1 11 25 Tricolpites hians ------5 16 3 1 4 2 8 2 21 28 6 7 17 26 Tricolpites spp ------1 X X X X * 1 27 Unclassified tricolpates (polar axis le·ss than 20p) ------28 7 23 13 28 18 18 42 4 7 25 45 10 28 Miscellaneous unclassified tricolpates ___ 5 5 7 2 13 7 4 7 7 7 6 20 5 29 Tricolpopollenites levitas ------2 21 5 43 11 1 1 30 Tricolpopollenites tesselatus ------22 23 5 1 6 1 2 31 Cranwellia bacata ------X 2 X 1 32 Aquilapollenites quadrilobus ------14 9 1 2 6 33 Aquilapollenites trialatus var. uniformis _ X X 34 Aquilapollenites sp ------X X X 35 Aquilapollenites attenuatus ------X X 1 3 X X 36 Aquilapollenites spp ------1 6 2 2 3 2 1 7 1 7 37 Mancicorpus calvus ------2 1 1 4 5 5 2 X X 1 1 38 Tricolporites rhomboides ------2 3 30 32 7 6 1 1 10 17 39 Montanapollis endannulatus ------X 40 Unclassified tricolporates ------4 1 1 4 2 1 6 10 4 41 Subtriporopollenites alpinus ------5 11 1 11 3 1 2 10 2 3 11 5 42 Proteacidites spp ------X 1 X X 1 1 X X 1 3 2 43 Erdtmanipollis pachysandroides ------X 1 X 1 1 44 Single cells of Dyadonapites reticulatus?_ 7 30 10 6 32 2 1 X 1 45 Cicatricosisporites spp ------2 X X X X 46 Alisporites grarulis ------1 1 4 1 1 47 Alisporites thomasii ------2 1 1 6 X 1 48 Cedripites parvus ------2 X X 1 POLLEN-SPORE ZONES 5

TABLE !.-Stratigraphic distribution of pollen and spores-Continued

;§~ '0 ... =~ Judith River Formation ~~ocu .-.p,Po i.e ell ..c=.... 0 Taxon or group cu~ ]~ rno I!: I&! Cllte.:: Upper nonmarine part Lower marine part 8!~ ~

USGS paleobotany locality No. No. Name < ~ 0 ~ f";a;l f";a;l 0 I I I I ~ I I too It:> It:> It:> .b It:> a> 1 9 0 C'l C'l C'l C'l C'l C'l C'l C'l"' c

494-146 0 - 73 - 2 6 PALYNOLOGY, UPPER CAMPANIAN JUDITH RIVER FORMATION, NORTH-CENTRAL MONT.

TABLE 2.-Pollen-spore zones, based on selected taxa from table 1 [Taxon or group numbers and the counts correspond to those in table 1. Counts divided by 2 =percentages. X denotes occurrence; asterisk ( *) indicates questionable determination]

Judith River Formation Taxon or group

Upper nonmarine Lower marine part part

USGS paleobotany locality No.

No. Name 0 A IO:l ~ IO:l A 0 I I I I I I I It:> It:> It:> 0> 1 0 C'l C'l C'l C'-1 "'C'l "'C'l "'C'l t- C'l t- t- t- "'t- 0 t- t- t- 0 "'t- "'-' "'-' "'-' "'-' ...,."' "'-' "'-' "'-' ...,. "'-' A A A A A A A A A A Transitional Zone 1 Zone 2 zone Zone 3 20 Liliacidites complexus ------9 4 1 2 1 X 6 31 Cranwellia bacata ------X 2 X 1 32 Aquilapollenites quadrilobus ------14 9 1 2 6 35 Aquilapollenites attenuatus ------X X 1 3 X X 39 Montanapollis endannulatus ------X 57 Cranwellia rumseyensis ------X 3 X 2 3 65 Aquilapollenitcs senonicus ------1 1 X 4 X 66 Dyadonapites reticulatus ------15 7 38 2 1 1 67 Seductisporites eminens ------X * 1 X X * 1 72 Siberiapollis montanensis ------X X 2 75 Fibulapollis scabratus ------X X X X 76 Aquilapollenites trialatus ------X X 1 77 Aquilapollenites reticulatus ------X 3 1 78 Sindorapollis granulatus ------10 79 Trisolissporites montanensis ------X X 80 Seductisporites gemmiferus ------X X 82 Pristinuspollenites microsaccus ------X 3 1 85 Polyc,ingulatisporites spp ------X X X 86 Trisolissporites chlonovae ------X 87 Seductisporites barbatus ------2 92 Periporopollenites sp ------2 1 X 94 Grewipollenites radiatus ------7 1 of species. in the upper and lower parts of the sec Cyatbidi.tes minor Couper, 1953 tion. Plate 1, figure 1; table 1, No. 1 Cyathidites minor Couper, 1953, p. 28. SYSTEMATICS Holotype.-ln Couper, 1953, p. 28, pl. 2, fig. 13; In this section, taxa of species rank are arranged Ohika beds; New Zealand; Jurassic. under their appropriate genera. Spore genera are Cyatbidites sp. followed by those of pollen. All genera are regarded Plate 1, figure 2; table 1, No. 83 as form genera. Previously known and described genera and species are redescribed only when the Genus DEL TOIDOSPORA Miner, 1935 em£nd. Potonie, 1956 Deltoidospora Miner, 1935, p. 618. author believes that contributions to the int~;rpre Deltoidospora Miner, 1935 emend. Potoniee, 1956, p. 13. tation of the taxa, based on data from the Judith Type species.-(designated by Potonie, 1956, p. River Formation specimens, can be made. 13) Deltoidospora hallii Miner, 1935, p. 618, pl. 24,

TRILETES fig. 7 (lectotype) ; Cascade County, Mont. Kootenai Formation ; Early Cretaceous. Genus CY ATHIDITES Couper, 1953 Cyathidites Couper, 1953, p. 27. Deltoidospora sp. Cyathidites Couper, 1953. In Dettmann, 1963, p. 22. Plate 1, figure 3; table 1, No. 2 Type species.- Cyathidites australis Couper, Genus STEREISPORITES Pflug in Thomson and Pflug, 1953 1953, p. 27, pl. 2, fig. 11 (holotype) ; New Zealand; Sphagnum-sporites Raatz, 1937, p. 9, (No generic descrip Ohika beds, Jurassic. tion.) SYSTEMATICS 7

TABLE·3.-Abundance ratios between two pairs of pollen species in the upper and lower parts of the composite section [Ratios be~ween total counts of Tricolpites r(!ticulatus plus Tricolpites hians and total counts of Tricolpopollenites levitas plus Tricolpopollenites tes seUatus m the tl_lree zones and transitional zone (see table. 2)---showing relative abundance of the two pairs of species in the upper and lower parts of the sectwn Taxa and counts from table 1. Counts divided by 2 =percentages]

Taxon or group Judith River Formation

Under nonmarine Lower marine part part

USGS paleobotany locality No.

ill 0 A r:il ill < r:il 0 <0 <0 <0 0 <0 No. Name <0 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ <0 ~ ~ ~ 1:- ~ 0 1:- 1:- 1:- 1:- 1:- 1:- 0 1:- 1:- 1:- 0 1:- '

Stereisporites Pflug in Thomson and Pflug, 1953 (March), Leptolepidites major Couper, 1958 p. 53. Plate 1, figure 6; table 1, No. 4 Sphagnites Cookson, 1953b (October), p. 463. Couper, 1958, p. 141. Sphagnumsporites Raatz, 1937. In Potonie, 1956, p. 17. Leptolepidites major Stereisporites Thomson and Pflug, 1953 [March] s. 1. In Holotype.-In Couper, 1958, p. 141, pl. 21, fig. 7; Krutzsch, 1963b, p. 9-20. Yorkshire, England; Sycarham Beds; Middle Juras Stereisporites Thomson and Pflug, 1953 (March). In Potonie, sic. 1966, p. 19. Type species.-Stereisporites (Sporites) stere Leptolepidites cf. L. major oides (Potonie and Venitz) Thomson and Pflug, Plate 1, figure 7; table 1, No. 4 1953, p. 53 (designated by Potonie, 1966, p. 19); Genus BACULATISPORITES Pftug and Thomson in Thomson lectotype in Potonie and Venitz (1934, p. 11, pl. 1, and PJiug, 1953 fig. 4) near KOln, Germany; late Oligocene to Mio Bac:ulatisporites Pflug and Thomson in Thomson and Pflug, cene. 1953, p. 56. Remarks.-Pflug in Thomson and Pflug (1953) Baculatisporites Thomson and Pflug, 1953. In Potonie, 1956, p. 33. was the author of Stereisporites-not Thomson and Baculatisporites Thomson and Pflug, 1953. In Dettmann, Pflug (1953) as in Krutzsch (1963b, p. 9) and in 1963, p. 34. Potonie (1966, p. 19). See Thomson and Pflug Type species.-Baculatisporites primarius (Wolff) (1953, p. 53). Thomson and Pflug, 1953, p. 56; holotype in Wolff, 1934, p. 66, pl. 5, fig.· 8; near Dettingen, Germany; Stereisporites spp. Pliocene. Plate 1, figure 4, 5; table 1, No. 3 Genus LEPTOLEPIDITES Couper, 1953 emend. Potonie, 1966 Baculatisporites sp. Leptolepidites Couper, 1953, p. 28. Plate 1, figure 8; table 1, No. 64 Leptolepidites Couper, 1953 emend. Potonie, 1966, p. 30. Genus OSMUNDACIDITES Couper, 1953 Type species.-Leptolepidites verrucatus Couper, Osmundacidites Couper, 1953, p. 20. 1953, p. 28, pl. 2, fig. 14 (holotype); New Zealand; Osmundacidites Couper, 1953. In Potonie, 1956, p. 30-31. Ohika beds; Jurassic. Conosmundasporites Klaus, 1960, I>· 127-129. 8 PALYNOLOGY, UPPER CAMPANIAN JUDITH RIVER FORMATION, NORTH-CENTRAL MONT.

Osmundacidites Couper, 1953. In Dettmann, 1963, p. 31-32. Cicatricosisporites radiatus Krutzsch, 1959b, p. 126-127. Osmundacidites Couper, 1953. In Potonie, 1966, p. 36. Anemia radiata (Krutzsch) Stanley, 1965, p. 258-259, pl. 33, Type species.-Osmundacidites wellmanii Couper, figs. 6, 7; South Dakota; Paleocene. 1953, p. 20, pl. 1, fig. 5 (holotype) ; New Zealand; Holotype.-Illustrated in Krutzsch, 1957, pl. 1, Ohika beds; Middle Jurassic. Holotype also illus figs. 41, 42; middle Europe; late Oligocene or early trated in Couper, 1960, pl. 1, fig. 1. Miocene.

Genus GHOSHISPORA Srivastava, 1966 sensu Leffingwell, 1971 Osmundacidites sp. Plate 1, figure 9; table 1, No. 73 Ghoshispora Srivastava, 1966, p. 511. Styx Norton in Norton and Hall, 1967, p. 104. Genus KUYLISPORITES Potonie, 1956 Ghoshispora Srivastava, 1966. In Leffingwell, 1971, p. 24. Kuylisporites Potonie, 1956, p. 38. Type species.-Ghoshispora scollardiana Srivas Type species.-Kuylisporites waterbolki Potonie, tava, 1966, p. 511-512, pl. II, fig. 9 (holotype) ; 1956, p. 38. Illustrated in Kuyl, Muller, and Water Scollard, Alberta, Canada; Edmonton Formation bolk, 1955, pl. 1, fig. 7 (holotype) ; Trinidad, West (upper part) ; late Maestrichtian. Indies ; late Tertiary. Ghosispora sp. Kuylisporites spp. Plate 1, figure 17 (X 500); table 1, No. 8 Plate 1, figures 10, 11; table 1, No. 6 Genus FORAMINISPORIS Krutzsch, 1959a Genus ISCHYOSPORITES Bahne, 1957 Foraminisporis Krutzsch, 1959a, p. 130. Ischyosporites Balme, 1957, p. 23. Foraminisporis Krutzsch, 1959. In Dettmann, 1963, p. 71. Ischyosporites Balme, 1957. In oPtonie, 1960, p. 46. Foraminisporis Krutzsch, April 1959. In Potonie, 1966, p. 35. Type species.-lschyosporites crateris Balme, Foraminisporis Krutzsch, 1959b. In Krutzsch, 1963a, p. 2. 1957, p. 23-24, pl. 3, fig. 45 (holotype); Western Type species. -Foraminisporis foraminis Australia; ?Neocomian-early. Aptian. Krutzsch, 1959a, p. 130, pl. XIX, figs. 203-206 (bolo type, four levels) ; Geiseltal, Germany; Eocene. lschyosporites punctatus Cookson and Dettman, 1958 Ischyosporites punctatus Cookson and Dettmann, 1958, p. 104. Foraminisporis wonthaggiensis (Cookson and Dettman, 1958) Dettman, 1963 Holotype.-In Cookson and Dettman, 1958, p. 104, Plate 2, figures 1, .2; table 1, No. 5 pl. XVI, fig. 1; South Australia; Early Cretaceous. Apiculatisporis wonthaggiensis Cookson and Dettmann, 1958, p. 100. Ischyosporites cf. I. punctatus Foraminisporis wonthaggiensis (Cookson and Dettman) Dett Plate 1, figure 12; table 1, No. 7 4 mann, 1963, p. 71, pl. XIV, figs. 19-23; southeastern Genus CICATRICOSISPROITES Potonie and Gelletich, 1933 Australia; late-Mesozoic. Foraminisporis wonthaggiensis (Cookson and Dettman) emend. Potonie, 1966 Dettmann. In Norris, 1967, p. 98, pl. 13, fig. 23; central Cicatricosi-sporites Potonie and Gelletich, 1933, p. 522. Alberta, Canada; lower part, Colorado Group; Albian Cicatricosisporites Potonie and Gelletich, 1933. In Potonie, ?Cenomanian. 1956, p. 47-48. Holotype.-In Cookson and Dettmann, 1958, p. Cic,atricosisporites Potonie and Gelletich, 1933 emend. Po tonie, 1966, p. 58. 100, pl. XIV, fig. 8; Wonthaggi State Coal Mine area, Type species.-Cicatricosisporites dorogensis Po Victoria, eastern Australia; Early Cretaceous. tonie and Gelletich, 1933, p. 522, pl. 1, fig. 1 (lecto Genus POLYCINGULA TIS PORITES Simoncsics and Kedves, 1961 emend. type, designated by Potonie, 1956, p. 47) ; Dorog, Playford and Dettmann, 1965 Ungarn, Germany; late Paleocene to Eocene. Poly~ingulatisporites Simoncsics and Kedves, 1961, p. 34. Polycingulatisporites Simoncsics and Kedves, 1961 emend. Cicatricosisporites stoveri Pocock, 1964 Playford and Dettmann, 1965, p. 143-144. Plate 1, figure 13; table 1, No. 84 Type species.-Polycingulatisporites circulus Si Cicatricosisporites stoveri Pocock, 1964, p. 161. moncsics and Kedves, 1961, p. 34, pl. VI, figs. 1-6; Holotype.-In Pocock, 1964, p. 161, pl. 2, figs. Jfungary; Early Cretaceous. 24, 25; Saskatoon area, Saskatchewan, Canada; Upper part, Mannville Group; middle Albian. Polycingulatisporites spp. Plate 2, figures 3-5; table 1, No. 85 Cicatricosisporites sp. Genus TRISOLISSPORITES n. gen. Plate 1, figure 14; table 1, No. 45 Type species. - Trisolissporites montanensis n. Cicatricosisporites radiatus Krutzsch, 1959b sp., USGS paleobotany locality D3726-E, slide (3) Plate 1, figures 15, 16; table 1, No. 7 at 99.3 x 11.3; plate 2, figures 6, 7 (holotype, two SYSTEMATICS 9 levels), center NE1,4 sec. 31, T. 23 N., R. 17 E.; but is easily distinguishable because its interradial Fergus County, Mont.; Judith River Formation ornaments are on the proximal surface of the spore (lower marine part); late Campanian. and are not inflations of the outer wall layer, where Description.- Trilete miospores with narrow as the interradial ornaments of Dulhuntyispora are equatorial cingulum. Equatorial outline round, equatorially to surbequatorially located and appear rounded triangular, or slightly irregular. Trilete as domelike inflations or blisters-the wall of the mark distinct, with or without margines. Rays of scutula being. distinctly detached from. the lower trilete long, reaching to or almost to equator of wall layer or layers of the spore. (See Dulhuntyi spore. Proximal surface ornamented with three sun spora dulhuntyi, pl. 2, fig. 11.) burst or daisylike configurations located in the three The radiating proximal ornamentations and the sectors partitioned off by the three rays of the trilete distal ornamentation of Trisolissporites easily sepa mark---each sunburst configuration completely oc rate it from Stenozonotriletes N aumova ex N aumova cupying its tripartite sector of the proximal surface emend. Potonie (1958, p. 25) whose exine was of the spore. Distal surface ornamented with thick described by Potonie as smooth to chagranate enings-these of various sizes and shapes, randomly ("glatt his chagrinat"). arranged or zonate. Trisolissporites is separable from Taurocusporites Rem,arks.-This new genus has been erected to Stover (1962 emend. Playford and Dettmann, 1965, accommodate a group of exotic trilete spores having p. 14.6) by its three daisylike proximal interradial in common three sunburstlike configurations on the orna~ents. Zonate concentric thickenings are pres proximal surfaces. Chlonova ( 1960, p. 37) remarked ent in some species of Trisolissporites but are not that some unique spores which she described, and the essential features that they are for Taurocuspor which I have transferred to this genus, probably ites. The proximal ornamentation of Trisolissporites deserve separation into a special morphological extends to the equator of the spore whereas the genus. She referred to her species as the three-sun equatorial area of the proximal surface of Tauro spores ; hence, I selected the name Tr·isolissporites cusporites segmentatus, the type species of Tauro for this genus. cusporites, is usually unornamented or has only a New combinations.-The following species con few scattered verrucae. form to the new genus and are Trisolissporites Trisolissporites montanensis n. sp. here transferred to it. Trisolissporites (Stenozonotriletes) radiatus ( Chlo Plate 2, figures 6-10; table 1, No. 79 nova, 1960, p. 36-37, pl. IV, figs. 22-23; H olotype.-USGS paleobotany locality D3726-E, Chulimo-Y enisei depression; Cenomanian-Tu slide (3) at 99.3X11.3; plate 2, figures 6, 7 (two ronian) n. comb. levels), center NE1,4 sec. 31, T, 23 N., R 17 E.; Trisolissporites ( Stenozonotriletes) stellatus ( Chlo Fergus County, Mont.; Judith River Formation nova, 1960, p. 38, pl. IV, fig. 25; Chulimo (lower marine part); late Campanian. y enisei depression ; Cenomanian-Turonian) n. Paratype.-USGS paleobotany locality D3726-E, comb. slide (2) at 81.8 x 11.2, plate 2, figure 8; same local Trisolissporites ( Taurocusporites) radiatus ( Chlo ity data as for holotype. nova) (Krutzsch, 1963b, p. 20) n. comb. Description-(based on eight specimens) .-Cin Trisolissporites (Taurocusporites) stellatus (Chlo gulate, trilete miospores. Equatorial outline in polar nova) (Krutzsch, 1963b, p. 20) n. comb. view circular, rounded triangular, or slightly irregu Trisolissporites (Dulhuntyispora? minuta) minutus lar. Some specimens having slight equatorial inden (Jansonius, 1962, p. 48-49, pl. 11, figs. 1, 2; tations in cingulum adjacent to ends of trilete rays. western Canada; Early Triassic) n. comb. Equatorial diameter 35J-t-49J-t. Equatorial cingulum Trisolissporites ( Taurocusporites) chlonovae (Dor 3J-t-4J-t wide. Rays of trilete mark reaching approxi ing, 1966, p. 105-106, pl. I, figs. 7-9; Branden mately to inner margin of cingulum; in some sp·eci burg, Germany; Wealden) n. comb. mens rays bifurcating near their radial extremities Comparison with other genera.-Potonie ( 1966, and branches thence appearing to merge with inner p. 43) suggested that the spores (Stenozonotriletes margin of cingulum. Proximal surface ornamented radiatus and Stenozonotriletes stellatus) which with three sunburst or daisylike configurations lo Chlonova (1962, p. 300, pl. 1, figs. 2-4) illustrated cated in the three sectors set apart by the three could perhaps be placed in Dulhuntyispora. Trisolis rays of the trilete mark. Centers of configurations sporites superficially resembles the Australian Per located at approximate centers of the three sectors mian genus Dulhuntyispora Potonie ( 1956, p. 37-38) of the proximal surface. Rays of each configuration 10 PALYNOLOGY, UPPER CAMPANIAN JUDITH RIVER FORMATION, NORTH-CENTRAL MONT.

15-25 in number, consisting of thickenings of exine central point to form three starlike configurations -these arranged to resemble the ray flowers of whose centers are located approximately at the daisies. Center part of configurations circular to center of each of the three sectors set off by the irregular in shape, devoid of exinal thickenings, three rays of the trilete mark. Individual micro approximately 5p. in diameter. Distal surface orna verrucae and verrucae of the starlike configura mented with flat, randomly arranged, oval, round, tions 0.5p.-1p. in diameter, elongate thickenings or irregular exinal thickenings 3p.-7 p. in diameter 0.5p.-1p. wide and as much as 5p. long. Distal sur and 1p.-3p. apart. face of spore ornamented with circular to very Comparison.-The proximal surface of T. mon irregular exinal thickenings 1p.-9p. in diameter and tanensis n. sp. ~ seems to be indistinguishable from of low relief; distal thickenings numerous on some that of T. radiatus ( Chlonova) n. comb., but the specimens, sparse on others, randomly arranged, dis~tal surface ofT. montanensis is ornamented with not arranged to form concentric zones. numerous flat randomly arranged round to slightly Remarks.-! transferred Taurocusporites chlono irregular thickenings, whereas the distal surface vae Doring to Trisolissporites because of the three of S. radiatus, according to Chlonova ( 1960, p. 37), sunburstlike configurations on its proximal surface. always has concentric solid or broken narrow ridges. Doring placed this species in Taurocusporites but Chlonova's diagram ( 1962, fig. 2b) of the distal in his description did not mention zonate thicken side of her Stenozonotriletes radiatus shows a con ings on its distal surface, and if these thickenings centric arrangement of the distal thickenings ; and are not present the species does not conform to photographs of additional spores from the Turonian Taurocusporites. In assigning my specimens to the of Western Siberia that were identified as S. radi species T. chlonovae, I am assuming that T. chlono atus Chlonova also show a ringlike thickening (see vae does not have a zonate distal surface. Skuratenko, 1966, pl. II, fi.g. 3 and Samoilovitch and T. chlonovae is possibly synonymous with T. stel others, 1961, pl. XLII, figs. 5-7). T. radiatus and latus (Chlonova) n. comb. Drawings rather than T. montanensis are probably from closely related photographs ilustrated the holotype of T. stellatus plants, but the two species are easily distinguish and do not clearly show the characteristics of the able !because of the different configuration of their species. distal thickenings. T. chlonovae is easily differentiated from T. radi T. montanensis n. sp. is easily distinguishable atus and from T. montanensis because of its much from T. stellatus (Chlonova) n. comb and T. chlono smaller and more numerous proximal exinal thick vae (Doring) n. comb. by its coarser proximal orna enings that make up the three sunburst configura mentation. tions. T. montanensis n. sp. is larger than T. minutus ( J ansoni us) n. comb. and lacks the ringlike distal Genus GLEICHENIIDITES Ross, 1949 emend. Skarby, 1964 thickenings that distinguish I. minutus. Gleicheniidites Ross, 1949, p. 31-32. (Valid name, monotypic.) Gleicheniidites Ross, 1949. In Delcourt and Sprumont, 1955, Trisolissporites chlonovae (Doring, 1966) n. comb. p. 26. Plate 2, figure 12-14; table 1, No. 86 Gleicheniidites (Ross, 1949) Delcourt and Sprumont, 1955. In Potonie, 1956, p. 14-15. Taurocusporites chlonovae Doring, 1966, p. 105-106. Triremisporites Delcourt and Sprumont, 1957, 61-63. Holotype.-ln Doring, 1966, p. 105-106, pl. I, figs. [in part] Gleicheniidites (Ross, 1949) Delcourt and Spru 7-9; Brandenburg, Germany; Wealden, Early Cre mont, 1955, emend. Delcourt and Sprumont, 1959, p. 34. taceous. (Included spores having continuous equatorial thicken ing of wall.) Description (based on 13 specimens from USGS [in part] Gleicheniidites Ross, 1949 emend. Krutzsch, 1959a, paleobotany locality D3726-E) .-Cingulate, trilete p. 109-115. (Included ornamented spores.) miospores. Equatorial outline in polar view circular [not] Gleicheniidites Grigorjeva in Samoilovitch and others, or nearly so. Equatorial diameter 37 p.-56p.. Equa 1961, p. 59-60. (Later homonym of Gleicheniidites Ross, torial cingulum 2p.-5p. wide. Trilete mark distinct; 1949.) Fasciatisporites Sato, 1961, p. 85. margines 1p.-·2p. wide, in some specimens not clearly Gleicheniidites Ross ex Delcourt and Sprumont emend. Dett visible; rays extending to or almost to equator, in mann, 1963, p. 64-65. some specimens rays appearing to bifurcate near Gleicheniidites Ross, 1949 emend. Skarby, 1964, p. 60-65. their radial extremities. Proximal surface of spore Type species. - Gleicheniidites senonicus Ross, ornamented with numerous microverrucae, verrucae, 1949, p. 31-32, pl. I, fig. 3 (holotype) ; Asen, Scania, and elongate thickenings-these alined toward a Sweden; late Santonian or early Campanian. SYSTEMATICS 11

Gleicheniidites spp. Microfoveolatosporis canalicalatus Dettmann, 1963 Plate 3, figures 1-4; table 1, No. 9 Plate 3, figure 11; table 1, No. 1 Genus CAMAROZONOSPORITES Pant ex Potonie', 1956 emend. Microfoveolatosporis canaliculatus Dettman, 1963, p. 87. Klaus, 1960 Holotype.-In Dettmann, 1963, p. 87, pl. XIX, Camarozonosporites Pant, 1954, p. 51. (Genus described but figs. 15, 16; South Australia; Tambo Formation; no species assigned.) Camaroz·onosporites Pant, 1954 ex Potonie, 1956, p. 65. Albian. Hamulatisporis Krutzsch, 19·59a, p. 157-158. ZONATES Camerozonosporites Pant, 1954 ex Potonie, 1956. In Krutzsch, Genus SEDUCTISPORITES Chlonova, 1961 1959a, p. 186-187. Camarozonosporites Potonie, 1956 emend. Klaus, 1960, p. Seductisporites Chlonova, 1961, p. 56-57. 135-136. Seductisporites Chlonova, 1961. In Potonie, 1966, p. 96. Camarozonosporites Pant, 1954 ex Potonie, 1956. In Krutzsch, Type species.-Seductisporites signifer Chlonova, 1963a, p. 18, 20-23. 1961, p. 56-57, pl. VII, fig. 44 (holotype) ; mouth of Camarozonosporites (Pant ex Potonie, 1956) Klaus, 1960. In Vakh River, western Siberian lowlands; Maestrich Potonie, 1966, p. 92. tian-Danian. Camarozonosporites (Potonie, 1956) Klaus, 1960. In Hedlund, 1966, p. 17. Description.-Inaperturate miospores having a Type species.-Camarozonosporites (Rotaspora) thin outer wall layer which forms a zone at equator. cretaceus (Weyland and Krieger, 1953) Potonie, Shape of spores in polar view circular to rounded 1956, p. 65; holotype in Weyland and Krieger, 1953, triangular. Equatorial zona (flange) narrow or as p. 12, pl. 3, fig. 27; Aachen, Basiston, Germany; much as 9p. wide. Outer wall layer membranous or middle Senonian. as much as 1.5p. thick. Zona distinct and complete, or fragmentary, or almost lacking. Fragmentary or indistinct tetrad mark present in some specimens Camarozonosporites spp. and species; when present, with or without thick Plate 3, figures 5, 6; table 1, No. 10 ened margins. Distal hemisphere of spore orna MONOLETES mented with simple, bifurcating, or netlike muroidal Genus LAEVIGA TOSPORITES lhrahim, 1933 emend. Schopf, Wilson, ridges or folds. Proximal hemisphere smooth or and Bentall, 1944 variously ornamented but differing from distal hemi Laevigato-sporites Ibrahim, 1933, p. 39. sphere. (Inasmuch as specimens that have frag Polypodium-sporites Raatz, 1937, p. 10. Polypodiaceae-sporites Thiergart, 1937, p. 297. mentary tetrad marks have their muroidal ridges Phaseolites Wilson and Coe, 1940, p. 182. on the distal hemisphere, it is assumed by analogy Laevigato-sporites Ibrahim, 1933 emend. Schopf, Wilson, and that specimens that lack tetrad marks also have Bentall, 1944, p. 36-37. their muroidal ridges on the distal side.) Type species.-Laevigatosporites vulgaris (Ibra Comparison with similar genera.-Rouseisporites him) Ibrahim, 1933, p. 39-40; holotype in Ibrahim, Pocock (1962, p. 52-53) differs from Seductisporites 1932, p. 448, pl. XV, fig. 16; Westfal, Germany; in that its zonate layer has invaginations in each Carboniferous. radial region at the equator. (See Dettmann, 1963, p. 96.) Laevigatosporites spp. Zlivisporis Pacltova (1961, p. 86-87) differs from Plate 3, figures 7, 8; table 1, No. 12 Seductisporites in that it has a distinct trilete mark which reaches to the equator. Genus UMBOSPORITES Newman, 1965 The anastomosing folds of the perisporal layer of Umbosporites Newman, 1965, p. 10. Type species.-Umbosporites ca.llosus Newman, the Triassic genus Peroaletes Bharadwaj and Singh 1965, p. 10; pl. 1, fig. 2 (holotype) ; northwestern (1964, p. 38-39) have slight resemblance to the Colorado ; basal Iles Formation ; Campanian. muroidal folds on the distal hemispheres of Seduc tisporites, Zlivisporis, and Rouseisporites; however, the two hemispheres of Peroaletes are apparently Umhosporites callosus Newman, 1965 similarly ornamented and are not distinctly differ Plate 3, figures 9, 10; table 1, No. 13 ent from each other as they are in Seductisporites, Genus MICROFOVEOLATOSPORIS Krutzsch, 1959a Zlivisporis, and Rouseisporites. Krutzsch, 1959a, p. 211. Microfoveolatosporis Seductisporites gemmiferus n. sp. Type species.-Microfoveolatosporis pseudoden tatus Krutzsch, 1959a, p. 212, pl. 41, fig. 463 (bolo Plate 3, figures 12-17; table 1, No. 80 type) ; Geisel tal, Germany; Eocene. Holotype.-VSGS paleobotany locality D3726-A, 12 PALYNOLOGY, UPPER CAMPANIAN JUDITH RIVER FORMATION, NORTH-CENTRAL MONT. slide (2) at 96.7X19.8; plate 3, figures 12, 13, like ornamentation on the proximal surface of the center NE1;4 sec. 31, T. 23 N., R. 17 E.; Fergus central body of S. gemmiferus also distinguishes it County, Mont. ; Judith River Formation; late Cam from R. granospeciosus which has a smooth proxi panian. mal surface. Paratype.-USGS paleobotany locality D3726-A, S. gemmiferus n. sp. differs from S. barbatus n. slide (1) at 91.4 x 14.1; plate 3, figuies 14, 15; same sp. because of its distinctly different proximal orna locality data as for holotype. mentation and its less fragile equatorial zone. Paratype.-USGS paleobotany locality D3726-A, slide (2) at 92.4 x 18.3; plate 3, figures 16, 17; same Seductisporites eminens n. sp. locality data as for holotype. Plate 4, figures 1-3; table 1, No. 67 Description (based on 20 specimens) .-Inapertur [not] Lycopodium novomexicanum Anderson, 1960, p. 14-15, ate miospores. Shape in polar view round, rounded pl. 1, fig. 2. triangular, or irregular owing to folding of the deli Lycopodiumsporites novomexicanum (Anderson) Drugg, 1967, cate outer wall layer. Spores consisting of a central p. 40, pl. 6, fig. 27. body and a thin-walled outer layer which forms a Holotype.-USGS paleobotany locality D3726-E; zone at the equator. Wall of central cell 1,u-2,u thick. slide (5) at 99.0X10.3; plate 4, figure 1; center Equatorial diameter of central body 42,u-59,u, of NE%, sec. 31, T. 23 N., R. 17 E.; Fergus County, outer layer 48,u-70,u; zone extending 1,u-7 ,u beyond Mont.; Judith River Formation (lower marine equator of central body. Width of zone in individual part) ; late Campanian. specimens nearly constant (pl. 3, fig. 16) or variable Paratype.-USGS paleobotany locality D3726-E, (pl. 3, fig. 12). Fragmentary tetrad mark present slide (9) at 84.8 x 16.1; plate 4, figure 2; same local in some specimens; when present, raised, cordlike, ity data as for holotype. contorted, sparingly warty. Surface of outer layer Paratype.-USGS paleobotany locality D3726-E, smooth to finely scabrate; distal surface having slide (8) at 109.2X19.7; plate 4, figure 3; same three to six radially oriented, raised, knifelike ridges locality data as for holotype. or folds- these more or less perpendicular to sur Description (based on 15 specimens, all in polar face, 2,lt'-4,u high, decreasing in height at outer ends, view) .-Inaperturate miospores. Shape in polar view in some places bifurcating; in most specimens folds rounded triangular. Equatorial diameter 52tL·-73,u. not extending as far as equator of central cell. Tetrad mark when present contorted, in most speci Proximal surface of central cell ornamented with mens fragmentary, in some branching, with thick scattered, nearly spherical (1,u-4,u in diameter) ened margins approximately 1/L wide. Spore having wartlike projections or gemmae. two conspicuous wall layers ; inner layer 1tL-2fL thick, Remarks.-This species was given the name gem scabrate, confining inner cell; outer layer 0.5fL-1.5fL miferus (gemmifer, bearing or producing gems) thick, enveloping inner cell and forming zona at because its proximal hemisphere is conspicuously equator. Equatorial zona narrow (1tL-3,u wide) in adorned with small protrusions. interangular areas, wider (as much as 7 fL wide) at Comparison with similar species.-The configura angles. Distal surface ornamented with muroidal tion of the ridges on the distal surface of S. gemmi folds which form a coarse reticulum; muri approxi ferus resembles that of the muroidal ridges of mately 1/L in height, undulating; lumina irregular Rouseisporites radiatus Dettmann ( 1963, p. 98, pl. in shape, 8,u-15f-t in diameter; reticulum not extend XXIII, figs. 13-17) ; however, the two species are ing beyond equator of central cell. Proximal surface distinctly different because the zona of S. gemmi smooth to scabrate. ferus is wider than that of R. radiatus, S. gemmi Remarks.-This species was given the name ferus does not have conical invaginations in the eminens (standing out, eminent) because of the radial regions at the equator, and S. gemmiferus conspicuous muroidal folds on its distal surface. is ornamented on the proximal side, whereas R. Comparison with similar species.-A specimen radiatus is smooth. from the Maestrichtian of Escarpado Canyon, Calif., S. gemmiferus is separable from Seductisporites which Drugg (1967, p. 40, pl. 6, fig. 27) identified signifer because of the distinct wartlike ornamen as Lycopodiumsporites novomexicanum (Anderson) tation on its proximal hemisphere. Drugg, seems to be the same as the new species S. gemmiferus lacks the flask-shaped equatorial described above. However, Seductisporites eminens invaginations that characterize Rouseisporites seems to be different from Lycopodium novomexi granospeciosus (Delcourt and Sprumont) Delcourt, canum Anderson (1960, p. 14-15, pl. 1, fig. 2). Dettmann, and Hughes (1963, p. 291); and the wart- Anderson stated that the body of L. novomexicanum SYSTEMATICS 13 is bordered equatorially by a thin irregular flange, (2) a pseudo Y-mark with bifurcating rays, to (3) with thickened extensions of the faint laesurae pro a more complex pattern of bifurcating ridges that jecting into the flange on many specimens ; whereas, join to form a very coarse more or less complete the equatorial flange of S. eminens n. sp. is narrow reticulum. Muri 1t-t-2t-t high and lumina (where pres but not very thin walled or irregular, and laesurae ent) 15t-t-30t-t in greatest diameter. Opposite hemi have not been seen to extend into the flange. spher·e (proximal?) ornamented with short (1t-t-3f-t) S. eminens, in common with Rouseisporites laevi spines or hairlike projections. gatus Pocock (1962, p. 53-54, pl. 7, fig. 106), has a Observations have not yet proved whether the flange that is wider at the apices (angles) , but it outer wall layer completely envelops the spinose differs from R. laevigatus in that it has a very dis hemisphere of the spore. tinct distal reticulum and does not have structures Remarks.-This species was. given the name bar resembling pores at the apices. batus ( barbatus, bearded) because of its bristly or Its smooth to scabrate proximal surface and its bearded proximal ( ?) ornamentation. lack of porelike apical structur·es easily distinguishes Comparison with similar species.-The narrow S. eminens from Rouseisporites reticulatus Pocock membranous equatorial zone and the configuration (1962, p. 53, pl. 7, fig. 101). of the muroidal ridges on one hemisphere (of some The distal reticulum of S. eminens resembles that specimens) of S. barbatus n. sp. resemble those of of Zlivisporis blanensis Pacltova (1961, p. 87, pl. Zlivisporis blanensis Pacltova (1961, p. 87, pl. II, II, figs. 1-4) but S. eminens is separable from Z. figs. 1-4), but S. barbatus differs by not having a blanensis because of its thicker wall, its zona which Y-mark and by having fine spines or hairlike pro is wider at the angles, and by its lack of a distinct jections on one hemisphere. Y -mark which extends to the equator. The narrow equatorial zone and the configuration. Seductisporites barbatus n. sp. of the muroidal ridges of S. barbatus also resemble those of Rouseisporites reticulatus Pocock ( 1962, p. Plate 4, figures 4-7; table 1, No. 87 53, pl. 7, fig. 101) and Rouseisporites radiatus Holotype.-USGS paleobotany locality D3726-E, Dettmann (1963, p. 98, pl. XXIII, figs. 13-17), but slide (9) at 111.3 X 3.2; plate 4, figure 4; center S. barbatus lacks the conical invaginations in the NE14 sec. 31, T. 23 N., R. 17 E.; Fergus County, radial regions at the equator that characterize the Mont.; Judith River Formation (lower marine other two species. The fine hairlike projections on part); late Campanian. one hemisphere of S. barbatus also distinguish it Paratype.-USGS paleobotany locality D3726-E, from R. reticulatus and R. radiatus. slide (7) at 82.0 x 12.5; plate 4, figure 5; same local S. barbatus n. sp. differs from S. gemmiferus n. ity data as for holotype. sp. by its distinctly different ornamentation and by Paratype.-USGS paleobotany locality D3726-E, its more fragile equatorial zone. slide (10) at 94.5X7.7; plate 4, figures 6, 7; same locality data as for holotype. Genus ZONALAPOLLENITES Pftug in Thomson and Pftug, 1953 Description (based on 35 specimens) .-Alete mio Tsugae-pollenites. In Potonie and Venitz, 1934, p. 17. spores having an outer wall layer which forms a Zonalapollenites Pflug in Thomson and Pflug, 1953, p. 66. zone at the equator. Outer wall membranous, deli Tsugaepollenites Potonie and Venitz, 1934. In Potonie, 1958, cate, slightly larger than central body, forming a p. 48. narrow zone (1t-t-3t-t wide) at equator. In some Tsugaepollenites Potonie and Venitz, 1934. In J ansonius, 1962, specimens, zone fragmentary or completely lacking. p. 51. Tsugaepollenites Potonie and Venitz emend. Potonie. In Ma Outline of spore in polar view round, rounded tri num, 1962, p. 45. angular, or irregular owing to folding or distortion. Tsugaepollenites Potonie and Venitz emend. Potonie, 1958. In Diameter of central cell 49fL-76t-t; polar axis appar Dettmann, 1963, p. 99. ently shorter than equatorial diameter (judged Tsugaepollenites (Potonie and Venitz, 1934) Potonie, 1958. from two specimens seen in equatorial view). Wall In Potonie, 1966, p. 117. Zonalapollenites Pflug (in Thomson and Pflug). In Pocock, of central cell 1.5fL-2t-t thick, outer wall layer thin. 1968, p. 640. No trilete mark evident in any of the 35 specimens Tsugaepollenites Potonie and Venitz, 1934. In Potonie, 1970, examined. One hemisphere (distal?) of spore orna p. 72. mented with muroidal ridges-these apparently Type species.-Zona.lapollenites (Sporonites) ig- composed of folds of the membranous outer wall niculus (Potonie) Thomson and Pflug 1953; bolo layer; configuration of muroidal ridges varying type in Potonie, 1931d, p. 556, fig. 2; near KOln, from (1) a few ridges with no definite pattern, to Germany; Miooene.

494-146 0- 73- 3 14 PALYNOLOGY, UPPER CAMPANIAN JUDITH RIVER FORMATION, NORTH-CENTRAL MONT.

Remarks.-Potonie ( 1931d, p. 556) described, by Alisporites Daugherty, 1941. In Potonie, 1958, p. 60. means of symbols, and illustrated the new species Alisporites Daugherty, 1941. In Potonie, 1966, p. 119. Sporonites igniculus. Sporonites Potonie had earlier Type species.-Alisporites opii Daugherty, 1941, been introduced (Potonie, 1931c, p. 1) as an arti p. 98, pl. 34, fig. 2; Arizona; Chinle Formation; ficial genus (Gattung) for the provisional grouping Late Triassic. of spores. Alisporites grandis (Cookson, 1953b) Dettmann, 1963 In Potonie and Venitz (1934, p. 17), "Tsugae pollenites igniculus R. Pot." was introduced and Plate 5, figures 2, 3; table 1, No. 46 described. The name Tsugae-pollenites was not Disaccites grandis Cookson, 1953b, p. 471-472. there validated under the provision of a combined Pityosporites grandis (Cookson) Balme, 1957, p. 36, pl. 10, figs. 110, 111; Western Australia; Early Cretaceous. generic and specific description (see Lanjouw and Alisporites rotundus Rouse, 1959, p. 316, pl. 1, figs. 15, 16; others, 1966, art. 42) because the species name British Columbia, Canada; Late Jurassic (?). igniculus was not new. Alisporites rotundus Rouse. In Pocock, 1962, p. 61-62, pl. 9, Pflug (in Thomson and Pflug, 1953, p. 66) de figs. 140, 141 western Canada; Early Cretaceous. scribed the new genus Zonalapollenites. In the same Alisporites grandis (Cookson) Dettmann, 1963, p. 102, pl. report, Sporonites igniculus Potonie was transferred XXV, figs. 1-4; southeastern Australia; late Mesozoic. Alisporites grandis (Cookson) Dettmann, 1963. In Srivastava, to Zonalapollenites, and Z. igniculns was described. 1966, p. 524, pl. VI, figs. 5, 7, 10; Alberta, Canada; Pflug did not designate a type species for Zonala Maestrichtian, Late Cretaceous. pollenites but according to artice PB. 4 (Lanjouw Alisporites grandis (Cookson) Dettmann. In Norris, 1967, and others, 1952) which was in effect at that time p. 101, pl. 15, fig. 1; central Alberta, Canada; lower part "The type of a genus of fossil plants is the first of Colorado Group; Albian-?Cenomanian. described species which shows such characters as Holotype.-In Cookson, 1953b, p. 471-472, pl. 2, are necessary for distinguishing the genus from fig. 41; Comaum, South Australia; Mesozoic. other taxa." Z onalapollenites igniculus met the re Alisporites thomasii (Couper, 1958) Nilsson, 1958 quirements of article PB. 4 and hence became the Plate 5, figures 4, 5; table 1, No. 4 7 type species for the genus Zonalapollenites. Also, Pteruchipollenites thomasii Couper, 1958 (March), p. 150- according to article 37 (Lanjouw and others, 1966), 151. the indication of a type species for a new genus Alisporites thomasii (Couper) Nilsson, 1958 (November), p. was not a requirement for validation until J anu 83-84, pl. 8, fig. 1; Hoganas, southern Sweden: Lias. ary 1, 1958. Alisporites bilateralis Rouse, 1959, p. 316, pl. 1, figs. 10, 11; Potonie (1958, p. 48) considered Tsugaepollenites southeastern British Columbia, Canada; Kootenay For Potonie and Venitz, 1934 a valid name. He desig mation; Early Cretaceous. Alisporites thomasii (Couper) Pocock, 1962, p. 62-63, pl. 9, nated Tsugaepollenites ( al. Sporonites) igniculus figs. 142, 143; western Canada; Vanguard Formation; (Potonie, 1931) Potonie and Venitz, 1934 as the Late Jurassic; and quartz sand member of Mannville "Genotypus" for Tsugaepollenites. He described the Group; Early Cretaceous. genotypus hut did not describe the genus Tsugae Alisporites thomasii (Couper) Pocock, 1962. In Singh, 1964, pollenites. p. 109, pl. 14, figs. 11, 12; east-central Alberta, Canada; Tsugaepollenites was described by Jansonius Mannville Group; Early Cretaceous. Alisporites bilateralis Rouse, 1959. In Hedlund, 1966, p. 23, (1962, p. 51) and the name was then validated; pl. 7, fig. 3; Bryan County, Okla.; Woodbine Formation; however, it was a junior synonym of the earlier Cenomanian. validated name Z onalapollenites. Alisporites bilateralis Rouse. In Norris, 1967, p. 101, pl. 14, Pocock (1968, p. 639-640) recognized Zonala figs. 18, 19; central Alberta, Canada; lower part, Colo pollenites as a validly published name and consid rado Group; Albian-?Cenomanian. Holotype.-In Couper, 1958, p. 150, pl. 26, fig. ered Tsugaepollenites its junior synonym. He for mally assigned Zonalapollenites igniculus as its type 10; northeastern Scotland; Middle Jurassic. species. Genus ABIETINEAEPOLLENITES Potonie, 1951 ex Delcourt and Sprumont, 1955 Zonalapollenites sp. Abietineae-pollenites Potonie, 1951, p, 144-145. (Not valid, Plate 5, figure 1; table 1, No. 88 genus not described.) BISACCATES Abietineaepollenites Potonie, 1951 ex Delcourt and Sprumont, Genus ALISPORITES Daugherty, 1941 1955, p. 51. Alisporites Daugherty, 1941, p. 98. Type species.-(designated by Del court and Spru Alisporites Daugherty, 1941. In Potonie and Kremp, 1956, p. mont, 1955, p. 51) Abietineaepollenites (Piceae 176-177. pollenites) microalatus (Potonie. 1931c) Delcourt SYSTEMATICS 15 and Sprumont, 1955. Holotype in Potonie, 1931c, p. lersHe Member of McMurray Formation, Mannville 5, fig. 34; Lausitz, Germany; Miocene. Group; Early Cretaceous.

Abietineaepollenites varius Norton in Norton and Hall, 1969 Pityosporites cf. P. constrictus Plate 5, figure 6; table 1, No. 70 Plate 5, figure 9; table 1, No. 49 . Abietineaepollenites varius Norton in Norton and Hall, 1969, Remarks.-Except for their slightly smaller size p. 29. (total breadth of grains 49,u-70,u) these grains ap: H olotype.-In Norton and Hall, 1969, p. 29, pl. 4, pear very similar to those of P. constrictus that fig. 5; Montana; Hell Creek Formation; Late Cre were described and illustrated by Singh. taceous. Pityosporites alatipollenites (Rouse, 1959) Singh, 1964 Genus CEDRIPITES Wodehouse, 1933 Plate 6, figure 1; table· 1, No. 81 Cedripites W odehouse, 1933, p. 490. Pinus alatipollenites Rouse, 1959, p. 314, pl. 1, fig. 7; south Cedripites Wodehouse, 1933. In Singh, 1964, p. 111. eastern British Columbia, Canada; Kootenay Formation; Wodehouse, 1933. In Pocock, 1962, p. 63. Cedripites Late Jurassic (?) . Type species.-Cedripites eocenicus Wodehouse, Pityosporites alatipollenites (Rouse) Singh, 1964, p. 123, 1933, p. 490-491, fig. 13; Colorado or Utah; Green pl. 16, fig. 10; east-central Alberta, Canada; Mannville River Formation; middle Eocene. Group; Early Cretaceous. Holotype.-In Radforth and Rouse, 1954, p. 195, Cedripites parvus Norton in Norton and Hall, 1969 pl. I, fig. 15; Entrance, Alberta, Canada; Brazeau Plate 5, figure 7; table 1, No. 48 Formation; Late Cretaceous. Cedripites parvus Norton in Norton and Hall, 1969, p. 29. H olotype.-In Norton and Hall, 1969, p. 29; pl. Pityosporites elongatus Norton in Norton and Hall, 1969 n. comb. 4, fig. 7; Montana; Tullock Member of Fort Union Pinuspollenites elongatus Norton in Norton and Hall, 1969, Formation; Paleocene. p. 27. H olotype.-In Norton and Hall, 1969, p. 27, pl. 4~ Cedripites cretaceus Pocock, 1962 fig. 1; Garfield County, Mont. ; Tullock· Member of Plate 5, figure 8; table 1, No. 68 Fort Union Formation; Paleocene.

Cedripites cretaceus P~ock, 1962, p. 63. Pityosporites elongatus (Norton) Tschudy var. elongatus Cedripites cretac.eus P~ock, 1962. In Singh, 1964, p. 111, Plate 6, figures 2-4; table 1, No. 50 pl. 15, figs. 3-5; east-central Alberta, Canada; Mann ville Group; Early Cretaceous. H olotype.--"-Same as for Pityosporites elonga.tus Cedripites cretaceus Pocock. In Norris, 1967, p. 101, pl. 14, (see above) . figs. 20, 21 and pl. 15, fig. 5; central Alberta, Canada; lower part of Colorado Group; Albian-?Cenomanian. Pityosporites elongatus var. gran dis n. var. Holotype.-In Pocock, 1962, p. 63, pl. 9, fig. 145; Plate 6, figures 5, 6; table 1, No. 51 western Canada ; Quartz Sand Member, Mannville H olotype.-USGS paleobotany locality D3726-E, Group; Barremian. slide (5) at 116.0 X4.9; plate 6, figure 6; center Genus PITYOSPORITES Seward, 1914 emend. Manum, 1960 NE14 sec. 31, T. 23 N., R. 17 E.; Fergus County, [in part] Pityosporites Seward, 1914, p. 23. Mont. ; Judith River Formation (lower marine Pityosporites Seward, 1914 emend. Potonie and Klaus, 1954, part); late Campanian. p. 534-536. Paratype.;_USGS paleobotany locality D3726-E, Pinuspollenites Raatz, 1937 ex Potonie, 1958, p. 62. slide (6) at 96.9 X 13.2; plate 6, figure 5; same local Pityosporites Seward, 1914 emend. Manum, 1960, p. 14. ity data as for holotype. Pityosporites Seward, 1914 emend. Manum, 1960. In Singh, 1964, p. 121-122. Description (based on 28 specimens) .-Bisaccate Type species.-Pityosporites antarcticus Seward, pollen grains. In polar view central body circular 1914. In Manum, 1960, p. 14, figs. 1-4 (type speci to slightly oval-in some specimens body breadth men). greater than length, in others length greater than breadth ; sacci distinctly to slightly smaller than Pityosporites constrictus Singh, 1964 body, slightly more than semicircular to almost cir Pityosporites constrictus Singh, 1964, p. 122-123, pl. 16, figs. cular in outline, narrowing toward roots. Dorsal 8, 9. Pityosporites constrictus Singh, 1964. In Srivastava, 1966, p. attachment of sacci at equator or slightly beyond; 524, pl. VI, fig. 2; Scollard, Alberta, Canada; Edmonton sacci distally pendant, clearly set off from body, a Formation; Maestrichtian, Late Cretaceous. distinct reentrant angle present where proximal Holotype.-In Singh, 1964, p. 122-123, pl. 16, fig. roots of sacci join .the central body. Marginal ridge 8; Fort Augustus No. 1 well, Aberta, Canada; El- not present. Distal tenuitas 17,u-21,u wide. Wall of 16 PALYNOLOGY, UPPER CAMPANIAN JUDITH RIVER FORMATION, NORTH-CENTRAL MONT. proximal cap l,u-2,u thick; columnar layer visible at p. 31). P. maximus resembles P. multesimus and X 1,000 magnification, tectate; surface of tectum may be synonymous with it. smooth; infrareticulum very fine. Sacci irregularly reticulate, lumina 0.5,u-3,u in diameter. Podocarpidites ornatus Pocock, 1962 Observations on many specimens indicate the body Podocarpidites ornatus Pocock, 1962, p. 67-68. of this species probably was originally nearly Holotype.-In Pocock, 1962, p. 67-68, pl. 11, fig. spherical. 164; western Canada; Quartz Sand Member, Mann Size range (in microns) (terminology based on ville Group; Barremian. Pocock (1962, p. 59-60) .- Podocarpidites cf. P. ornatus Length of bladders ------42-71 Length of central body ------56-80 Plate 7, figure 3; table 1, No. 52 Breadth of bladders ------31-59 Genus PRISTINUSPOLLENITES n. gen. Total breadth of grain ______100-153 Type species.-Pristinuspollenites (Alisporites) Height of central body ------58-70 (Coupe·r) (Pocock, 1962) n. comb. Breadth of central body ------52-104 microsaccus Comparison with similar species.-P. elongatus (Seep. 17.) var. grandis is larger than Pityosporites alatipol Description.-Bisaccate pollen grains. In polar lenites (Rouse) Singh (1964, p. 123), and the orna view outline of grain ellipsoidal to circular. Length mentation of the sacci of P. elongatus var. grand is of body equal to, slightly greater than, or slightly is very distinct from that of the body, whereas less than its breadth. Sacci distally attached (en Rouse (1959, p. 314) described the ornamentation tirely on distal side of equator), clearly set off from of P. alatipollenites as more or lEss uniform on body body, very small in comparison to body, in fossilized and bladders. Except for its larger size, P. elongatus state variously inclined-either leaning toward or var. grand is resembles Pityosporites elongatus Nor away from the tenuitas; sacci on some specimens ton n. comb. and in some species wrinkled or slightly ruffled. Tuberclelike thickenings never present at base of Genus PODOCARPIDITES Cookson ex Couper, 1953 emend. Potoni~, 1958 sacci (as in Dacrydiumites Cookson, 1953a). Distal sulcus clearly defined in some specimens. Body vari Disaccites (Podocarpidites) Cookson, 1947, p. 131. [in part] Podocarpidites Cookson, 1947 ex Couper, 1953, p. ously ornamented, sacci finely or indistinctly reticu 35. late but never coarsely r_eticulate. Podocarpidites Cookson, 1947 ex Couper, 1953 emend. Potonie, Remarks.-Pristinuspollenites was erected to ac 1958, p. 68. commodate a group of distinctive bisaccate pollen Type species.-(designated by Couper, 1953, p. species which have greatly reduced distally attached 35) Podocarpidites ellipticus Cookson, 1947; lecto sacci and which do not have thickenings at the base type (designated by Potonie, 1958, p. 68) in Cook of the sacci (as in Dacrydiumites) . son, 1947, p. 131, pl. XIII, fig. 6; Waterfall Gorge, Pristinuspollenites (Pteruchipollenites) microsac Kerguelen Archipelago; Tertiary. cus Couper, 1958 n. comb. was designated as the Podocarpidites multesimus (Bolkbovitina, 1956) Pocock, 1962 type species for the genus because it was an ade Plate 7, figures 1, 2 ; table 1, No. 89 quately described and illustrated species and has the characteristics that represent Pristinuspollen Podocarpus multesimus Bolkhovitina, 1956, p. 127. Podocarpidites biformis Rouse, 1957, p. 367, pl. II, fig. 13; ites. south-central Alberta, Canada; Oldman Formation; Late New combinations and new names: Cretaceous. Pristinuspollenites (Bacubivesiculites) inchoatus Podocarpidites multesimus (Bolkhovitina, 1956) Pocock, 1962, (Pierce, 1961) n. comb. (Holotype in Pierce, p. 67; western Canada; Mannville Formation; Early 1961, p. 34, pl. II, fig. 35; Minnesota; early Cretaceous. Late Cretaceous. Also illustrated in this report: Podoc,arpidites multesimus (Bolkhovitina) Pocock, 1962. In Singh, 1964, p. 116, pl. 15, figs. 12, 13; east-central pl. 7, fig. 7.) Alberta, Canada; Mannville Group; Early Cretaceous. Pristinuspollenites ( Clavabivesiculites inchoatus Holotype.-ln Bolkhovitina, 1956, p. 127, pl. Pierce, 1961) crassus n. name. (Holotype in XXIV, fig. 235; Vilyui Basin, U.S.S.R.; Early Pierce, 1961, p. 34-35, pl. II, fig. 36; Minnesota; Jurassic. early Late Cretaceous. Also illustrated in this Remarks.-The specimens from the Judith River report: pl. 7, figs. 8, 9.) The new species name Formation samples which are here identified as P. crassus was here introduced because Pristinus multesimus also resemble Podocarpidites maximus pollenites (Clavabivesiculites) inchoatus (Stanley, 1965) Norton (in Norton and Hall, 1969, (Pierce, 1961) n. comb. would have been a SYSTEMATICS 17

later homonym of Pristinuspollenites (Bacubi nite. The sacci of Parcisporites are apparently vesiculites) inchoatus. (See above.) attached much closer to the equator than are those Pristinuspollenites ( Clavabivesiculites) pannosus of Pristinuspollenites. (Pierce, 1961) n. comb. (Holotype in Pierce, The sacci of Pristinuspollenites are not veillike 1961, p. 35, pl. II, fig. 37; Minnesota; early as are those of Indusiisporites Leschik (1956, p. 55). Late Cretaceous. Also illustrated in this report: Pristinuspollenites does not have radially ar pl. 7' fig. 10.) ranged thickenings on the sacci as does Parvisaccites Pristinuspollenites ( Granabivesiculites inchoatus Couper (1958, p. 154). Pierce, 1961) sulcatus n. name. (Holotype in Distribution.-In addition to the species localities Pierce, 1961, p. 35, pl. II, fig. 38; Minnesota; mentioned above (under new combinations and new early Late Cretaceous. Also illustrated in this names), forms assignable to this genus have been report: pl. 7, fig. 11.) The new species name reported from several other parts of the Northern sulcatus was here introduced because Pristinus Hemisphere. Specimens that seem to conform to pollenites ( Granabiv esiculites) inchoa tus Pristinuspollenites were reported from the Creta (Pierce, 1961) n. comb. would have been a ceous of the U.S.S.R by Bolkhovitina (1953, p. 74, later homonym of Pristinuspollenites (Bacubi pl. XI, figs. 5, 6) and by Chlonova (1960, p. 60-61, vesiculites) inchoatus (see above). pl. IX, figs. 6, 7). Chlonova (1961, p. 67, Pristinuspollenites (Phyllocladidites) microreticu pl. XI, fig. 70) assigned a specimen from the latus (Brenner, 1963) n. comb. (Holotype in Cenomanian-Turonian of the Chulymn-Enisei de Brenner, 1963, p. 79-80, pl. 30, fig. 3a-b; Mary pression of the U.S.S.R. to the species Pteruchi land; Early Cretaceous.) pollenites microsaccus Couper. Dacrydium? tran Pristinuspollenites ( Parvisaccites) gra.nisaccus siens Sato (1961, p. 89-90, pl. I, fig. 23) from the (Hedlund, 1966) n. comb. (Holotype in Hed Upper Cretaceous of Japan appears to be assignable lund, 1966, p. 22-23, pl. 6, fig. 6a; Oklahoma; to the genus Pristinuspollenites. Cenomanian.) This species appears to be very Robert Tschudy (oral commun., March 1971) similar to, and is probably synonymous with, reported several forms assignable to Pristinuspol Pristinuspollenites sulcatus. (See above.) lenites from Upper Cretaceous rocks from the Remarks.-Norris (1967, p. 103) transferred Appalachian Mountains region of the United States. Granabivesiculites inchoatus Pierce to Phyllocla Pristinuspollenites microsaccus (Couper, 1958) n. comb. didites Cookson ex Couper. This is not an acceptable Plate 7, figures 4-6; table 1, No. 82 transfer because Granabivesiculites incho·atus Pierce Pteruchipollenites microsaccus Couper, 1958, p. 151, pl. 26, (holotype illustration, this report, pl. 7, fig. 11) figs. 13, 14. does not have proximal tubercles and thus does not Alisporites (Pteruchipollenites) microsaccus (Couper) Po fit into Dacrydiumites Cookson, 1953 (synonym cock, 1962, p. 61. Alisporites microsaccus (Couper, 1958) Pocock, 1962. In Phyllocladidites). In his description of the species, Burger, 1966, p. 259, pl. 35, figs. 1a, b; eastern Nether Norris did not mention if his specimens from cen lands; Lias, Jurassic. tral Alberta have proximal tubercles. There is no Holotype.-In Couper, 1958, p. 151, pl. 26, fig. 13; indication of tubercles at the base of the sacci in Cambridge Observatory Borehole, southeastern Eng his specimens illustrated in his plate 15, figures 8, 9. land; Upper Estuarine Series; Middle Jurassic. Those specimens closely resemble and may be as Description (based on Couper's description and signable to Pristinuspollenites 'microsaccus. illustrations and on 11 specimens from Judith Pocock (1962, p. 61) had transferred the species River Formation samples-all specimens in polar Pteruchipollenites microsaccus Couper to the genus and oblique polar views) .-Bisaccate pollen grains. Alisporites, a genus to which that small winged In polar view, outline of grain ellipsoidal to circular. taxon does not conform. Length of body equal to, slightly greater than, or Comparison.-Pristinuspollenites n. gen. is dis slightly less than its breadth. Sacci distally attached, tinguishable from Dacrydiumites by its lack of clearly set off from body, much smaller than body ; thickenings ("proximal tubercles" of Cookson, 1947, sacci arc-shaped, in some specimens one or both p. 133) at the base of the sacci. sacci wrinkled or distorted ; maximum length of Pristinuspollenites, in common with Parcisporites sacci at their base, length of sacci greater than their Leschik (1956, p. 55), has strongly reduced sacci breadth; sacci variously inclined-either leaning but differs in that its sacci are distinctly delineated toward or away from the tenuitas, appearing flat from the body whereas in Parcisporites the zone or tened or slightly inflated. Proximal tubercles not line of attachment of the sacci is irregular or indefi- present at base of sacci. Distal sulcus not clearly 18 PALYNOLOGY, UPPER CAMPANIAN JUDITH RIVER FORMATION, NORTH-CENTRAL MONT. defined, in most specimens not distinguishable. Vitreisporites (Leschik) Jansonius. In Pocock, 1962 (Octo Proximal cap 1,u-1.5fL thick, sculpture scabrate. Body ber), p. 58. wall slightly finer textured and appearing thinner Vitreisporites (Le.schik) Jansonius emend. De Jersey, 1964, p. 9. in area between bladders than on proximal cap. Vitreisporites Leschik, 1955, emend. Jansonius, 1962. In Sculpture of sacci finely and indistinctly reticulate. Singh, 1964, p. 102. Sacci in reclined position covering as much as half Type species.-Vitreisporites signatus Leschik, the distal surface of grain; in true polar position 1955, p. 53-54; pl. 8, fig. 10; Neuewelt near Basel, of grains sacci not contributing to outline of grain. Switzerland; Keuper, middle Late Triassic. Size range (in microns) .- Rema;rks.-Vitreisporites was described by Les Combination of specimens chik (1955, p. 53) as having a w•eak Y-mark on (Couper and Couper T.~chudy Tschudy) the proximal pole. Potonie (1958, p. 56) and Nilsson Length of central body _ 55-78 37-56 37-78 (1958, p. 77-78) in their descriptions of Vitreispor Breadth of central body_ 30-58 30-46 30-58 ites did not omit the Y -mark distinction but included Length of sacci ------53-75 25-46 25-75 within the genus those forms not having, as well Breadth of sacci ______18-30 7-13 7-30 as those having, a Y-mark. Jansonius (1962, p. 55) Total breadth of grain _ 35-63 30-46 30-63 in his emendation of Vitreisporites omitted any Rema.rks.-My specimens from the Judith River designation of a Y-mark because he was of the Formation of Montana, except that many of them opinion that a Y -mark had not been demonstrated are smaller, closely resemble those of P. microsaccus convincingly. Pocock (1962, p. 58) and Singh (1964, as it was described and illustrated by Couper. p. 102) also omitted recognition of the Y -mark from Comparison.-Pristinuspollenites sulcatus n. name their descriptions of Vitreisporites. De Jersey (1964, (see p. 17) resembles Pristinuspollenites microsac p. 9) reemended Vitreisporites (Leschik) Jan cus n. comb. but is distinguishable because of its sonius, merely expanding the genus to allow for the broad and clearly defined sulcus. P. sulcatus also inclusion of grains with little, if any, ornamenta tends to have a thicker proximal cap than P. 'micro tion on the bladders. I accept Vitreisporites (Les saccus and its sacci tend to be narrower at their chik) sensu Potonie in preference to Vitreisporites roots. (Leschik) Jansonius because I do not believe the Genus RUGUBIVESICULITES Pierce, 1961 Y -mark designation should be excluded from the Rugubivesiculites Pierce, 1961, p. 39. genus description when it was an important char Type species.-Rugubivesiculites convolutus acteristic of the genus and of its type species as Pierce, 1961, p. 39-40, pl. II, fig. 57; Minnesota; they were originally described by Leschik. early Late Cretaceous.

Rugubivesiculites sp. Vitreisporites pallidus (Reissinger} Nilsson, 1958 Plate 7, figur·es 12, 13; table 1, No. 15 Plate 8, figures 1, 2; table 1, No. 53 Remarks.-These specimens resemble photographs Pityosporites pallidus Reissinger, 1939, p. 14. of Pinus ruginosa Stanley (1965, p. 277, pl. 39, figs. Pityopollenites pallidus (Reissinger) Reissinger, 1950, p. 1-7) but apparently are different because Stanley 109, pl. XV, figs. 1-5. (Pityopollenites used as a new described P. ruginosa as having a finely to moder genus but not described.) ately reticulate cap and my specimens from the Pityosporites pallidus Reissinger. In Balme, 1957, p. 36-37, Judith River Formation from Montana have a finely pl. 10, figs. 112, 113; Western Australia; Mesozoic. Caytonipollenites pallidus (Reissinger) Couper, 1958, p. 150, rugulate cap. pl. 26, figs. 7, 8; Yorkshire, England; Middle Jurassic. My specimens also resemble Rugubivesiculites Isle of Wight, England; Aptian. minimus Burger (1966, p. 257, pl. 33, fig. 3), except Vitreisporites pallidus (Reissinger) Nilsson, 1958, p. 78-79, that their proximal cap seems to be more finely pl. 7, figs. 12-14; Sweden; Lias. ornamented. Caytonipollenites pallidus (Reissinger) Couper. In Lantz, 1958, p. 926, figs. 46, 4 7; Dorset, Great Britain; Jurassic. Genus VITREISPORITES Leschik, 1955 sensu Potonie, 1958 Vitreisporites pallidus (Reissinger) Nilsson. In Pocock, 1962, Vitreisporites Leschik, 1955, p. 53. p. 58-59, pl. 9, figs. 134, 135; westeTn Canada; Deville Vitreisporites Leschik, 1955. In Potonie, 1958 (January), p. Member and quartz sand member of Mannville Group; 56. Early Cretaceous. Caytonipollenites Couper, 1958 (March), p. 149. Vitreisporites pallidus (Reissinger) Nilsson, 1958. In Balme, Caytoniales-Pollenites Pautsch, 1958 (July), p. 323. 1963, p. 24-25, pl. 6, fig. 7; western Australia; Kockatea Vitreisporites Leschik. In Nilsson, 1958 (November), p. 77- Shale; Early Triassic. 78. Vitreisporites pallidus (R·eissinger) Brenner, 1963, p. 74, pl. Vitreisporites Leschik, 1955 emend. Jansonius, 1962 (April), 25, figs. 1, 2; Maryland; Patapsco and Patuxent Forma p. 55. tions of Potomac Group; Early Cretaceous. SYSTEMATICS 19

Vitreisporites pallidus (Reissinger) Nilsson, 1958. In Singh, Taxodieaepollenites hiatus (Potonie, 1931). In Kremp and 1964, p. 102-103, pl. 14, fig. 1; east-central Alberta, Gerhard, 1961, p. 265. Canada; Grand Rapids Formation of Mannville Group; Thuja? hiatus (Potonie) Stanley, 1965, p. 273-274. Albian. Holotype.-In Potonie, 1931c, p. 5, fig. 27; Ville Caytonipollenites pallidus (Reissinger) Couper. In Leop'old bei Koln, Beisselsgrube; (Oligocene) Miocene. and Pakiser, 1964, p. 82, 88, pl. 6, figs. 33, 34; western Alabama; Eutaw Formation; Late Cretaceous. Desc1·iption.-Pollen grains, probably originally Vitreisporites pallidus (Reissinger) Nilsson, 1958. In Play spherical but characteristically split from one-half ford and Dettmann, 1965, p. 156, pl. 17, fig. 58; South to nearly total diameter of grain; the split varying Australia; Rhaetic-Liassic. from narrow V-shaped to broadly gaping. Exine Vitreisporites pallidus (Reissinger) Brenner. In Habib, 1969, approximately 0.5t-t thick, wall layers not distin pl. 2, fig. 11; deep-sea core, northeast of Cat Island, the Bahamas, West Indies; middle Cretaceous. guishable, surface smooth to scabrate. Lectotype.-(here assigned) In Reissinger (1950, Remarks.-The species first described as Pollen pl. XV, fig. 5; Teufelsgraben near Altdorf, east ites hiatus Potonie ( 1931c, p. 5) has since been from N tirnberg, Germany; Lias; Early Jurassic. included in combination with a succession of valid Remarks.-Grains resembling Vitreisporites p.a.Z and invalid names. lidus have been reported from Cretaceous deposits of Thiergart (1940, p. 30) used the combination Russia by Bolkhovitina (1953, p. 72-73, pl. XI, fig. Taxodieae-Poll. hiatus but obviously did not intend 1) and by Chlonova (1961, p. 65, pl. XI, figs. 66, 67). that as a formal binomial name, because in his illus Description (based on 30 specimens) .-Bisaccate trations he referred to the grains as "Taxodium," pollen grains, shape oval in polar view; total breadth "cf. Taxodiu·m," and "Taxodieae" rather than as of grain 25t-t-38t-t, length of bladders 11rt-21t-t, Taxodieae-Poll. hiatus. Furthermore, Taxodieae-Poll. breadth of bladders 7.5p:-16t-t, length of central Thiergart, 1940, could not be considered a valid name body 14p:-21t-t, breadth of central body 7 t-t-16t-t; sul under the provision of Article 42 of the "Internation cus not discernible in specimens examined ; exine al Code of Botanical Nomenclature" (Lanjouw, chm., of bladders approximately 0.5t-t thick, sculpture and others, 1966) because the taxon hiatus was not a finely and irregularly reticulate; exine of body new species and because Ta.xodie.ae-Poll. Thiergart thinner than that of bladders, sculpture smooth to was not monotypic-Thiergart in the same report granulate. also described the new form "Poll. hiatus R. Pot. Similar species.-Vitreisporites pallidus resem paleocaenicus n.f." bles Vitreisporites signatus Leschik but differs in Kremp ( 1949, p. 59) used the combination Tax that it does not have a Y -mark on the proximal pole. odiaceae-Poll. hiatus but it is not clear whether he intended Taxodiaceae-Pollenites as a generic name MISCELLANY because he (p. 91) merely placed Pollenites hiatus Genus T AXODIACEAEPOLLENITES Kremp, 1949 ex Potonie, 1958 in the family Taxodiaceae. At any rate, Taxodiaceae Taxodiaceaepollenites Kremp, 1949 ex Potonie, 1958, p. 78-79. Poll. Kremp, 1949, was not valid. The species hiatus Type species.-Taxodiacea.epollenites (Pollenites) was not new and consequently Taxodiaceae-Pollen hiatus (Potonh~) Kremp, 1949 ex Potonie, 1958. ites could not have been valid under the provision of Article 42 (Lanjouw, chm., and others, 1966). Taxodiaceaepollenites hiatus (PotonHi) Kremp, 1949 ex Potonie, 1958 Potonie, Thomson, and Thiergart (1950, p. 49) Plate 8, figures 3, 4; table 1, No. 18 used the combination Taxodoidites hiatus (probably Pollenites hiatus Potonie, 1931c, p. 5. a misprint, as this was under the heading Tax Taxodium hiatipites Wodehouse, 1933, p. 493-494, fig. 19 (not fig. 17 as stated). (Wodehous.e compared this species odioidites). They did not describe Taxodoidites (or with species of Taxodiwn, Juniperus, Libocedrus, Thuja, Taxioidites) or designate it as a new genus. and Zamia). Potonie (1951, p. 140, 149) used the combination Taxodieae-Poll. hiatus Potonie. In Thiergart, 1940, p. 30. Taxodioipoll. hiatus but did not describe it. Taxodiaceae-Poll. hiatus Potonie. In Kremp, 1949, p. 59. Taxodiaceae-Poll. hiatus Potonie. In Kremp, 1949, p. 91. The first valid new combination was that in Taxodoidites hiatus Potonie. In Potonie, Thomson, and Thier- Thomson and Pflug (1953, p. 64, 65)-where the gart, 1950, p. 49. (In this :veport also spelled Taxodioid new genus Inaperturopollenites Pflug and Thomson ites.) was described and the species hiatus Potonie was Taxodioipoll. hiatus Potonie. In Potonie, 1951, p. 140, 149. formally transferred to it. Inaperturopollenites hiatus (Potonie) Thomson and Pflug, 1953, p. 65. Taxodiaceaepollenites became a valid name when Taxodiaceaepollenites kiatus (Potonie, 1931) Kremp, 1949. Potonie (1958, p. 78-79) used it as a generic name, In Potonie, 1958, p. 79. described it, and designated Taxodiaceaepollenites 20 PALYNOLOGY, UPPER CAMPANIAN JUDITH RIVER FORMATION, NORTH-CENTRAL MONT.

(al. Pollenites) hiatus (Potonie, 1931) Kremp, 1949 MONOSULCATES as its type species ( Genotypus) . Genus ARECIPITES Wodehouse, 1933 Kremp and Gerhard (1961, p. 265) considered Arecipites Wodehouse, 1933, p. 497. Taxodiaceae-pollenites hiatus (Potonie, 1931) Arecipites Wodehouse, 1933. In Potonie, 1958, p. 97. Kremp, 1949, a synonym of Ta.xodieae-pollenites Type species.-(selected by Potonie, 1958, p. 97) hiatus (Potonie, 1931) Theirgart, 1940. It is true, Arecipites punctatus Wodehouse, 1933, p. 497, fig. "Taxodieae-Poll." was the first name other than 22; Colorado or Utah; Green River Formation; Pollenites to be used in combination with the species Eocene. hiatus but it was not a valid name. Arecipites sp. Stanley (1965, p. 273-274) transferred the species Plate 8, figure 11; table 1, No. 21 hiatus to Thuja? This combination is not acceptable Genus LILIACIDITES Couper, 1953 because "Thuja ?" is not a proper generic name. Liliacidites Couper, 1953, p. 56. In the present report, Ta.xodiaceaepollenites is Retimonoc,olpites Pierce, 1961, p. 47. considered to be a form genus because I believe Type species.-Liliacidites kaitangataensis Coup that it cannot be assigned with certainty to the er, 1953, p. 56, pl. 7, fig. 97 (holotype) ; Kaitangata family Taxodiaceae. Taxodiaceaepollenites as de Coalfield, New Zealand; sub-W angaloan; Late Cre fined by Potonie ( 1958, p. 79), is clearly distinguish taceous. aJble from lnaperturopollenites Pflug and Thomson as emended by Potonie (1958, p. 77-78). Liliacidites variegatus Couper, 1953 Plate 8, figure 12; table 1, No. 55 Genus SEQUOIAPOLLENITES Thiergart, 1937 Liliacidites variegatus Couper, 1953, p. 56. Sequoia-pollenites Thiergart, 1937, p. 301-302. Liliacidites variegatus Couper, 1953. In Rouse, 1957, p. 368, Sequoiapollenites Thiergart, 1937. In PotoniE~, 1958, p. 79-80. pl. II, figs. 29, 30; south-central Alberta, Canada; Old Sequoiapollenites Thiergart. In Manum, 1962, p. 43-44. man Formation; Santonian. Type species.- Sequoiapollenites polyformosus Liliacidites variegatus Couper, 1953. In Srivastava, 1966, p. Thiergart, 1937, p. 301-302, pl. 23, fig. 6 (lectotype, 525, pl. IV, figs. 15, 16, Scollard, Alberta, Canada; Ed selected by Potonie, 1958, p. 79) ; Senftenberg, Ger monton Formation; Maestrichtian. Liliacidites variegatus Couper, 1953. In Elsik, 1968a, p. 312, many; Miocene. pl. XV, fig. 1; Milam County, Tex.; Rockdale Formation; Paleocene. Sequoiapollenites spp. Liliacidites variegatus Couper, 1953. In Srivastava, 1969b, p. Plate 8, figures 5, 6; table 1, No. 90 977, pl. I, fig. 10; Alberta, Canada; Edmonton Forma Genus CLASSOPOLLIS Pflug, 1953 emend. Pocock and Jansonius, 1961 tion; Maestrichtian. Classopollis Pflug, 1953, p. 91. Holotype.-In Couper, 1953, p. 56, pl. 7, fig. 99; Classopollis Pflug, 1953 emend. Pocock and J ansonius, 1961, Mataura Valley, Southland, New Zealand; Lan p. 443. donian, early to middle Oligocene. ( Holoty,pe also Classopollis (Pflug, 1953) Pocock and Janson ius, 1961. In illustrated in Couper, 1960, pl. 9, fig. 9.) Potonie, 1966, p. 130-132. Type species. - Classopollis classoides Pflug Liliacidites morrinensis Srivastava, 1969b emend. Pocock and Jansonius, 1961, p. 443-444; Liliacidites nwrrinensis Srivastava, 1969b, p. 977. holotype in Pflug, 1953, p. 91, pl. 16, figs. 29-31 Holotype.-In Srivastava, 1969b, p. 977, pl. I, fig. (three levels) ; Siegelsum, Germany; Lias, Early 9; near Morrin, Alberta, Canada; Edmonton Forma Jurassic. tion ; Maestrichtian.

Classopollis spp. Liliacidites cf. L. morrinensis Plate 8, figures 7, 8; table 1, No. 54 Plate 8, figure 13; table 1, No. 95 Genus EQUISETOSPORITES Daugherty, 1941 emend. Singh. 1964 Liliacidites complexus (Stanley, 1965) Leffingwell, 1971 Equisetosporites Daugherty, 1941, p. 63. Plate 8, figures 14, 15; table 1, No. 20 Equisetosporites Daugherty, 1941 emend. Singh. 1964, p. 129. Schizosporis complexus Stanley, 1965, p. 267-268, pl. 36, figs. Equisetosporites Daugherty emend. Singh, 1964. In Srivas- 7-17. tava, 1968b, p. 216. Schizosporis complexus Stanley. In Norton and Hall, 1969, Type species.-Equisetosporites chinleana Daugh p. 58, pl. 3, fig. 9; Montana; Fox Hills Sandstone; erty, 1941, p. 63, pl. 24, fig. 4; Arizona; Late Tri Maestrichtian. assic. Liliac,idites complexus (Stanley, 1965) Leffingwell, 1971, p. 41, pl. 7, fig. 3; Wyoming; Lance Formation; Late Creta Equisetosporites spp. ceous. Plate 8, figures 9, 10; table 1, No. 19 Holotype.-In Stanley, 1965, p. 267-268, pl. 36, SYSTEMATICS 21 figs. 7-9 (three levels) ; Crow Butte, Harding and Fairchild, 1966, p. 5, pl. 2, figs. 3-7 (holotype County, S. Dak.; Hell Creek Formation; Maestrich fig. 3a-c); Milam County, Tex.; Wilcox Group; tian. early Eocene. Description (based on 30 specimens from USGS Aesculiidites dubius (Jardine and Magloire, 1965) n. comb. paleobotany locality samples from the Judith River Plate 8, figures 20, 21; table 1, No. 22 Formation of Montana) .-Monosulcate, bilateral pollen grains; shape oval to almost circular; size Striopollenites dubius Jardine and Magloire, 1965, p. 215. Holotype.-In Jardine and Magloire, 1965, p. 215, 221-"-33.51-" X 27.5f-t-42f-t. Aperture: Sulcus slitlike; as seen in distal view. of grain sulcus extends ap pl. X, fig. 50; Senegal, northwestern Africa; late proximately three-fourths the total length of grain· Albian. in some views of specimens the sulcus is not clearl; Remarks.-The genus Striopollenites Rouse (1962, visible; in some specimens a narrow smooth margo p. 212), as already pointed out by Potonie ( 1966, is present adjacent to sulcus. Pollen wall : Endexine p. 164), is synonymous with Striatopollis Krutzsch thin; ektexine 11-"·-1.51-" thick, surface sculpture (1959b, p. 142-143). However, the holotype of Striopollenites dubius as shown in the illustration reticulate; lumina of reticulum 1v-3fL in diameter, lumina smaller on distal surface, very small near (Jardine and Magloire, 1965, pl. X, fig. 50) has sulcus; muri as much as 0.5f-t wide, duplibaculate. striations approximately parallel with the equator Remarks.-The specimens described above vary of the grain and so pertains to the genus Aesculiid considerably in size, shape, and coarseness of sur ites Elsik ( 1968b) which has circumstriate orna face ornamentation; however, none of my specimens mentation, rather than to Striatopollis which has from the Judith River Formation were as large or longitudinal striations. as coarsely reticulate as one illustrated by Stanley Some of my specimens found in samples of the (1965, pl. 36, figs. 13, 14). Some of my specimens Judith River Formation are slightly smaller are more finely reticulate than Stanley's illustrated (range 16~-"-21!-L) than Jardine and Magloire's specimens, but most of th€m are very similar to specimens (range 181-L-25!-L) but otherwise they his holotype specimen (Stanley, 1965, pl. 36, figs. closely resemble their holotype specimen. Their 7-9). plate X, figures 48 and 49, illustrate specimens as signed to Striopollenites dubius that appear to have Liliacidites spp. longitudinal striations; these specimens probably are Plate 8, figures 16-18; table 1, No. 56 a different species and belong in the genus Striato

Genus OVOIDITES Potoni~ ex Krutzsch, 1959a emend. Potonie, 1966 pollis Krutzsch (1959b).

Ovoidites Potonie, 1956, ex Krutzsch, 1959a, p. 249. Genus GREWIPOLLENITES Srivastava, 1969d Ovoidites Potonie, 1951 emend. Potonie, 1966, p. 201-202. Grewipollenites Srivastava, 1969d, p. 60-61. Type species.-Ovoidites ligneolus (Pontonh~) Type species.-Grewipollenites canadensis Srivas 1951 ex Krutzsch, 1959a. tava, 1969d, p. 61, pl. 2, fig. 27; Alberta, Canada; Ovoidites ligneolus (Potonie, 1931b) Potonie, 1951 ex Krutzsch, 1959a Edmonton Formation; Maestrichtian.

Plate 8, figure 19; table 1, No. 69 Grewipollenites radiatus n. sp. Pollenites ( ?) Ugneolus Potonie, 1931b, pl. 2, fig. V25a. Plate 8, figures 22-25; table 1, No. 94 Sporites ligneolus ( Potonie) Potonie and V enitz, 1934, p. 15, Ovoidites ligneolns (Potonie) Potonie, 1951, pl. XXI, fig. 185. Holotype.-USGS paleobotany locality D3726-D, (Not a valid name, species not new and genus not de slide (2) at 104.7 X 18.8; plate 8, figure 22; center scribed.) NE1;4 sec. 31, T. 23 N., R. 17 E.; Fergus County, Ovoidites ligneolus, Potonie. In Thomson and Pflug, 1953 p. Mont.; Judith River Formation (lower marine part) 113. ' late Campanian. Ovoidites ligneolus ( Potonie) Potonie, 1951 ex Krutzsch, 1959a, p. 249. (Valid name because genus Ovoidites here Paratype.-USGS paleobotany locality D3726-D, described.) slide (2) at 86.0 X 15.3; plate, 8, figure 23; same Holotype.-ln Potonie, 1931b, pl. 2, fig. V25a; locality data as for holotype. Niederrheim-Bucht; Miocene. Paratype.-USGS paleobotany locality D3726-D, slide (2) at 88.1 X 4.1; plate 8, figure 24; same local TRICOLPA TES ity data as for holotype. Genus AESCULIIDITES Elsik, 1968b Description (based on 28 specimens) .-Tricolpate Aesculiidites Elsik, 1968b, p. 632. pollen grains; outline circular to rounded triangu Type species.-Aesculiidites (T1·icolpites) circum lar; diameter 14t-L-20fL. Apertures: Colpi extending st1·iatus (Fairchild) Elsik, 1968b. In Stover, Elsik, one-half to two-thirds the distance to poles, slitlike

494-146 0- 73 - 4 22 PALYNOLOGY, UPPER CAMPANIAN JUDITH RIVER FORMATION, NORTH-CENTRAL MONT. or gaping slightly, usually visible only in specimens Remarks.-The size range (equatorial diam that are oriented in polar view; pores in addition eter 27 tL-49/L) of my specimens of P. krempii from to colpi are suggested in some specimens, but definite the Judith River Formation samples is slightly pores have not been observed. Pollen wall: Walls broader than that of P. krempii (equatorial diam less than 0.5/L thick, ornamented with ridges that eter 35/L-42/L) as described by Srivastava. Pulche1·i diverge from several foci on surface of grain; pollenites narcissus Srivastava (1969d, p. 61, pl. 2, ridges 1.5/£-3/L long, as much as 1/L high, less figs. 28, 29), except for its larger size, appears to than 1/L wide at widest part, and tapered to sharp be very similar to P. kren~pii; and possibly, when or blunt ends. more specimens are found, these two species will C01nparison.-Specimens that I have described merge. under the new species name Grewipollenites racliatus are smaller and apparently have slightly coarser Genus TRICOLPITES Cookson ex Couper, 1953 emend. Potoni~, 1960 surface ornamentation than Grewipollenites cana [In part] Tricolpites Cookson ex Couper, 1953 (August), p. densis Srivastava; however, G. radiatus may later 61. be found to merge with G. canadensis. Tricolpites (Erdtman, 1947, Cookson, 1947, Ross, 1949) Couper, 1953 emend. Potonie, 1960, p. 95. Genus PULCHERIPOLLENTES Srivastava, 1969d [In partl Tricolpites (Cookson, 1947 ex Couper, 1953) Pulcher1'pollenites Srivastava, 1969d, p. 61. emend. Belsky, Boltenhagen, and Potonie, 1965, p. 75. Ty]Je species.-Pulcheripollenites narcissus Sri [In part] Tricolpites (Couper, 1953) Belsky, Boltenhagen, vastava, 1969d, p. 61-62, pl. 2, figs. 28, 29; Alberta, and Potonie, 1965 emend. Boltenhagen, 1967, p. 344, 346. Canada; Edmonton Formation; Maestrichtian. Tricolpites Cookson ex Couper emend, Potonie, 1960. In Srivastava, 1969d, p. 55-56. Pulcheripollenites krempii Srivastava, 1969d Type Species.- (designated by Couper, 1953, p. Plate 8, figures 26-28; table 1, No. 23 61) Tricolpites Teticulatus Cookson, 1947, p. 134, Pulcheripolleni.tes k1·empii Srivastava, 1969d, p. 62. pl. XV, fig. 45; Kerguelen Archipelago, Indian Holotype.-In Srivastava, 1969d, p. 62, pl. 2, figs. Ocean; early Tertiary. 30, 31; Alberta, Canada; Edn1onton Formation; Description (not intended as an emendation). Maestrichtian. Isopolar, tricolpate pollen grains. Shape in polar Description (based on 26 specimens in polar and view three lobed, rounded angular, or nearly circu oblique views and four in equatorial view) .-Tricol lar. Colpi slitlike to broadly gaping, with or without pate pollen grains, radially symmetrical, angulaper distinct margines. Surface of grains finely reticulate turate, isopolar; outline in polar view nearly circu (or finely areolate); lumina of reticulum less than lar, to triangular with rounded corners; outline in 1/L in diameter. (See Srivastava, 1969d, p. 55-56.) equatorial view elliptical to rounded rhomboidal; Remarks.-Tricolpites, though validly published equatorial diameter 27 tL-491-L, polar axis 27 /L-421t, by Couper in August 1953, was virtually synony polar axis 27 /L-42/L. Apertures (as seen in polar view mous with the broadly circumscribed genus Tri of grains) : Colpi short, simple, slitlike to gaping, colpopollenites Pflug and Thomson (in Thomson reaching one-fourth to one-third the distance to and Pflug, 1953, p. 95) which was validly published poles. Pollen wall : Endexine in most specimens less in March 1953. The genus Tricolpite.s was reinstated than 0.5/L thick, in some specimens as much as by Potonie in 1960, when it was restricted to 0.5/L thick near colpi where endexine is slightly spherical to ovoid isopolar tricolpate forms having thicker than on remainder of grain. Ektexine 0.5/L- bulged (convex) mesocolpia, wide furrows with 1.5/L thick, thickening to as much as 2/L near aper thickened margins, a more or less three-lobed equa tures. Endexinal and ektexinal thickening of wall tor, and finely reticulate exine. Belsky, Boltenhagen, begins approximately 10/L from colpi and continuEs and Potonie (1965, p. 75) reemended and expanded to colpal slits-in this area tops of muri sheathed Tricolpites to include strongly reticulate forms by a tectum as much as 0.5fL thick. Ektexinal sur without thickened colpal margins and with spher face ornamentation striate-reticulate, fingerprint oidal to ball shape. Boltenhagen (1967, p. 346) rec like, consisting of elongate, somewhat parallel and ommended emending Tricolpites to take in striate variously oriented muri which are connected at grains as well as those of other sculptures. Tricolp right angles by short muri that have slightly lower ites as emended by Belsky, Boltenhagen, and Potonie relief; the elongate muri are less than 0.51t to 11-L and as recommended by, Boltenhagen is not clearly high, approximately 1,4/L wide, with rounded to defined and would overlap other more exactly defined pointed tops, and approximately as far apart as tricolpate pollen genera. In this report Tricolpites their width. sensu Potonie, 1960 is accepted. SYSTEMATICS 23

Tricolpites reticulatus C1>okson, 1947 mens from the Lance Formation of east-central Plate 8, figures 29-31; table 1, No. 24 Wyoming which he assigned to Gunnera r;nicrore (Belsky, Boltenhagen, and Potonie, 1965) Tricolpites reticulata Cookson, 1947, p. 134. ticulata Tricolpites reticulatus Cookson, 1947. In Couper, 1953, p. 61. Leffingwell appear to be extremely fine textured and [not] Retitricolpites microreticulatus (Van der Hammen) this appearance in part at least is probably due to Van der Hammen and Wymstra, 1964, p. 234, pl. II, fig. the photographic method used. For example, in our 1. laboratory, specimens of T. reticulatus that have Tricolpites microreticulatus Belsky, Boltenhagen, and Po been photographed under high dry magnification tonie, 1965, p. 75-76, pl. 12, figs. 8, 9; Mandji-Halhinsel, Gabun, Equatorial Africa, Late Cretaceous. (According appear to be more finely sculptured and have less to a written communication from the publisher, the date distinctly defined texture than the same specimens of issue of the "PaHiontologieal Zeitschrift" in which photographed under high-magnification oil immer this species was published wa::; July 9, 1965). sion. Tricolpites interangulus Newman, 1965, p. 10-11, pl. 1, fig. Description.-Tricolpate isopolar pollen grains; 3; Routt County, Colo.; basal. part of Williams Fork Formation; Campanian. (According to a written com shape in polar view three lobed, rounded triangular, munication from the publisher, the date of release of or nearly circular; outline in equatorial view ellip the publication in which this species was published was soidal to nearly circular; equatorial diameter 21t-L- July 22, 1965.) 32fL, polar axis 23ft-28f-t. Apertures (as seen in polar Tricolpites microreticulatus Belsky, Boltenhagen, and Po view of grains) : Col pi extending approximately tonie, 1965. In Srivastava, 1966, p. 548, pl. VII, fig. 24, Scollard, Alberta, Canada; Maestrichtian. two-thirds the distance to poles; slitlike, V -shaped, [not] Tricolpites reticulatus Cookson, 194 7. In Srivastava, or broadly gaping; bordered by narrow margines 1966, p. 547, pl. VII, figs. 17-19, 26; Scollard, Alberta, (in some specimens margines are indistinct) ; col pi Canada; Maestrichtian. interangular, or (on nearly circular specimens) Retitricolpites microreticulatus (Belsky, Boltenhagen, and symmetrically arranged around equator. Pollen wall Potonie) Brenner, 1968, p. 36·6, pl. VIII, fig. 5; north eastern Peru; Turonian, middle Cretaceous. (as observed under x 1000 oil immersion magni Tricolpites reticulatus Cookson. In Norton and Hall, 1969, p. fication) : Wall 0.5/-L-1/L thick, slightly thicker in 43-44, pl. 7, fig. 1; Garfield County, Mont.; Hell Creek polar areas (as seen in equatorial view of grains) . Formation; Late Cretaceous. Wall at equator of most specimens slightly thicker Tricolpites reticulatus Cookson, 1947. In Oltz, 1969, p. 141; pl. near col pi (as seen in polar view of grains) . Ekt 41, fig. 103; east-central Montana; Fox Hills Sand exine columnar, tectate, two to three times thicker stone and Hell Creek Formation; Maestrichtian; Tul lock Member of Fort Union Formation; Paleocene. than endexine. Ektexinal sculpture finely reticulate, Gunnera mic.roreticulata (Belsky, Boltenhagen, and Potonie, lumina less than 0.51-L in diameter. (It would be 1965) Leffingwell, 1971, p. 37, pl. 6 figs. 7, 8; east desirable to examine this species with the aid of a central Wyoming; Lance Formation, Maestrichtian. scanning electron microscope. The surface sculpture Holotype.-ln Cookson, 1947, p. 134, pl. XV, fig. appears to be finely reticulate at high focal level, 45; Kerguelen Archipelago, Indian Ocean; early but it is possible that this is a negative reticulum.) Tertiary. Surface of grains under high dry magnification ap Remarks.-Pollen grains from the Oldman Forma pearing smooth to slightly rough. Some specimens tion (Upper Cretaceous) of western Canada called (in polar view) having distinct and variously Tricolpopollenites liblarensis (Thomson) Thomson shaped, or indistinct darkened polar areas. and Pflug by Rouse (1957, p. 367, pl. III, figs. 62, Remarks.-T. reticulatus is a variable species and, 63) are also probably equal to the species T. reticu on the basis of differences in size, shape of grains, latus. coarseness of ornamentation, and presence or ab T. reticulatus Cookson (1H47) ; T. microreticu sence of polar thickenings (dark areas), it might latus Belsky, Boltenhagen, and Potonie ( 1965) ; and conceivably be subdivided into several different T. interangulus Newman (1965) are characterized species or varieties. However, observations of many by deeply cut interangular colpi, round to rounded specimens from a wide range of localities and ages triangular shape (in polar view), and finely reticu (Trinidad Sandstone of northeastern New Mexico, late sculpture-the original descriptions and illus Mitten Black Shale Member of Pierre Shale and trations of these species indicate that they are not Lance Formation of east-central Wyoming, Hell clearly distinguishable from each other. I believe Creek Formation of northeastern Montana, Judith they should be considered synonymous species until River Formation of north-central Montana, and or unless they can be shown by electron microscopy, basal part of Williams Fork Formation of north or by other means, to be different from each other. western Colorado (Newman's type locality of T. Leffingwell's (1971, p. 37, pl. 6, figs. 7, 8) speci- interangulus)) have shown that the morphological 24 PALYNOLOGY, UPPER CAMPANIAN JUDITH RIVER FORMATION, NORTH-CENTRAL MON'f. characteristics intergrade to such an extent that a parmularius (Potonh~) Thomson and Pflug, 1953, p. subdivision does not seem to be feasible. I have also 97; holotype in Potonie, 1934, p. 52, pl. 2, fig. 7 and been unable to correlate any of the morphological pl. 6, fig. 11; Geiseltals, Germany; Eocene. characteristics with geographic locality or geologic Description.-Radially symmetrical, isopolar, tri age. colpate pollen grains. Colpi comparatively simple, not accompanied by distinctly differentiated pores Tricolpites hians Stanley, 1965 but geniculi (Thomson and Pflug, 1953, p. 41) may Plate 8, figures 32-34; table 1, No. 25 be present. Polar axis equal to or greater than equa torial diameter. Size of grains and sculpture vari Tricolpites hians Stanley, 1965, p. 321-322. Tricolpites parvus Stanley, 1965, p. 322, pl. 4 7, figs 28-31. ous. A form genus intended to accommodate tricol Holotype.-In Stanley, 1965, p. 321-322, pl. 47, pate pollen that are not assignable to more precisely fig. 24; Harding County, S. Dak.; Ludlow Member circumscribed genera. of Fort Union Formation; Paleocene. Remarks.-The form genera Tricolpopollenites Description.-Tricolpate isopolar pollen grains; Pflug and Thomson and Tricolpites Cookson ex outline in polar view nearly circular, with three Couper were published almost simultaneously, and evenly spaced V -shaped to widely gaping col pi ; out both were apparently intended to embrace a wide line in equatorial view ellipsoidal; equatorial diam range of tricolpate pollen species having uncertain eter 15fL-22fL, polar axis 18/L-24/L. Apertures: Colpi botanical affinity. Pflug and Thomson, in March simple, long, without margines; apocolpia small. 1953 (in Thomson and Pflug, 1953, p. 95), diag nosed as follows: (translation) Pollen wall: Wall 1/L-1.51--t thick. Endexine com Tricolpopollenites paratively thick; in intercolpal areas (as seen in "Three germinals are present. These are symmetri polar views of grains) endexine approximately as cal to each other. Apertures are developed only as thick as ektexine but thins to very thin near colpi. meridional colpi. The polar axis is a three numbered Ektexinal elements visible at X 1000 oil-immersion symmetrical axis." Pflug and Thomson divided the magnification, consisting of microclavae. Surface genus into two sections. These are: section (a) sculpture at high focal level microreticulate under species with smooth, baculate, fossulate, or other oil immersion (X 1000), surface of grains appear sculptures (except echinat~), and section (b) spe ing nearly smooth at x 450 magnification. cies with echinate sculpture. Tricolpopollenites was Remarks.-The specimens described above appear placed (see Thomson and Pflug, 1953, p. 95) in the to be the species Tricolpites hians (and Tricolpites division "Longaxones" (polar axis longer than or parvus) as illustrated by Stanley (1965, pl. 47, figs. equal to the equatorial axis). Couper, in August 24-26, 28-31). Many of the specimens illustrated 1953 (p. 61), validated the genus Tricolpites. He by Elsik (1968b, pl. 23, figs. 13-16, 18 and pl. 24, described it as follows: "Free, isopolar, tricolpate. figs. 1-4, 8-14) under the name Tricolpopollenites Exine variable in thickness and sculpture. Size vari hians (Stanley) Elsik do not appear to be equal to able." Tricolpites was indistinguishable from Tri Stanley's Tricolpites hians or Tricolpites parvus. colpopollenites on the basis of shape, inasmuch as Tricolpites varius Norton in Norton and Hall Couper included in the genus subprolate, subspher (1969, p. 45, pl. 6, fig. 15) from the Fort Union oidal, prolate-spheroidal, prolate, and spheroidal Formation of Montana appears to be similar and species. The two genera were not distinguishable may be equal to T. hians Stanley. on the basis of sculpture because both, as described, had a wide variety of surface ornamentations. Tricolpites spp. Potonie (1960, p. 95) reinstated Tricolpites, lim Plate 8, figures 35-37; table 1, No. 26 iting it to finely reticulate forms having broad, mar gined furrows, and three-lobed shape. Subsequently, Genus TRICOLPOPOLLENITES Pftug and Thomson in Thomson Belsky, Boltenhagen, and Potonie (1965, p. 75) Pflug, 1953 reemended and expanded to include Cornaceoipollenites Potonie, 1951, p. 151. (Not a valid name, Tricolpites genus not described until 1960 (in Potonie, 1960, p. 93) .) strongly reticulate forms without colpal margines Tr,icolpopollenites Pflug and Thomson in Thomson and Pflug, and with oblate to spherical shape. Boltenhagen 1953 (March), p. 95. ( 1967, p. 344, 346) recommended further expansion Tricolpites Cookson, 1947 ex Couper, 1953 (August), p. 61. of Tricolpites that would have made it again [not] Tricolpites (Erdtman, 1947, Cookson, 1947, Ross, synonymous with Tricolpopollenites (see "Remarks,'' 1949) Couper, 1953 emend. Potonie, 1960, p. 95. Tricolpites (Couper, 1953) Belsky, Boltenhagen, and Po this report, p. 22). tonie, 1965 emend. Boltenhagen, 1967, p. 344, 346. Krutzsch (1959b, p. 143) stated that he exam Type species. - Tricolpopollenites (Pollenites) ined Tricolpopollenites parmularius and it is tri- SYSTEMATICS 25 colporate. In view of Krutzsch's statement, Potonh~ ually thins to 0.5fL or less near colpi; ektexine not (1966, p. 168) was of the opinion that Tricolpopol ornamented, surface smooth. lenites would not apply to tricolpate forms. Pflug Remarks.-The species name levitas (evenness and Thomson (in Thomson and Pflug, 1953, p. 41) of surface) was chosen for this taxon because of already indicated, at the time that they described its smooth surface texture. Tricolpopollenites, that a geniculus was character Comparison.-In general appearance, some speci istic of some species which they placed in the genus. mens of Tricolpopollenites levitas resemble Eucom They believed that the geniculus or equatorial nick miidites troedssonii Erdtman ( 1948, p. 266, figs. in the colpus and in the caverna probably displays 13-15) and Eucommiidites minor Groot and Penny a morphological stage in the formation of a pore. (1960) as illustrated by Hughes (1961, pl. 37, figs. I do not believe that pores in the type species of 17, 18). Consideration was given to placing this Tricolpopollenites in any way alter the usefulness new species in the genus Eucommiidites because it of Tricolpopollenites as a fonn genus for tricolpate does have some characteristics in common with pollen, as well as for tricolporate pollen which have members of that genus; for example, its jagged indistinct, underdeveloped, or uncertain pores. I be edged colpi (jagged slits were mentioned by Couper, lieve that this was the original intended scope of 1958, p. 160, for E. troedssonii) and the thinning the genus. of its equatorial exine near the colpi (mentioned for E. troedssonii by Erdtman, 1948, p. 268 and shown in his diagrams, p. 266, figs. 4, 8) . However, Tricolpopollenites leviitas n. sp. T. levitas does not conform to the genus Eucom Plate 9, figures 1-6; table 1, No. 29 miidites as it was interpreted by Couper (1958, p. Holotype.-USGS paleobotany locality D3725-C, 160) or by Hughes (1961, p. 292). Couper described slide (2) at 113.2 x 3.8; plate 9, figure 1; NW%~ Eucommiidites as having one colpus generally better sec. 26, T. 24 N., R. 17 E.; Blaine County, Mont.; developed than the other two; and Hughes, in his Judith River Formation (upper nonmarine part) ; description, referred to one flat face having a long late Campanian. furrow and the opposite more convex face bearing Paratype.-USGS paleobotany locality D3725-C, a ring-furrow. On the contrary, T. levitas has three slide ( 4) at 80.9 X 6.8; plate 9, figures 2, 3; same symmetrically arranged equal colpi. locality data as for holotype. Some specimens of T. levitas resemble Hedlund's Paratype.-USGS paleobotany locality D3725-C, illustrations of Tricolpites erugatus (Hedlund, 1966, slide ( 4) at 84.4 X 11.3, plate ~), figure 4; same local pl. 9, figs. 2a, 2b) ; however, the shorter colpi and ity data as for holotype. distinctive colpal margines of T. levitas distinguish Description (based on more than 100 specimens, the species from T. erugatus. of which 35 were measured} .-Tricolpate (rarely four-col pate) pollen grains ; outline in polar view T ricolpopollenites tessellatus n. sp. circular to rounded triangular, in equatorial view Plate 9, figures 7, 8; table 1, No. 30 circular to broadly elliptical; equatorial diameter Holotype.-USGS paleobotany locality D3725-E, 16tL-24fL, polar axis 16fL·-26fL. Apertures: As seen in slide (2) at 107.6X8.9; plate 9, figure 8; NW!Jt. sec. polar views of grains, colpi reaching approximately 26, T. 24 N., R. 17 E.; Blaine County, Mont.; Judith two-thirds the distance to poles, bordered by nar River Formation (upper nonmarine part) ; late row margines (0.5/L or less wide) ; in some speci Campanian. mens colpal slits jagged or irregular, appearing Description (based on many specimens, 28 of eroded. As seen in equatorial views, some specimens which were measured) .-Isopolar, tricolpate pollen appear to have colpi of difrerent lengths (as in grains; outline in polar view circular, with three Eucommiidites) ; however, grains in true polar evenly spaced colpal incisions; outline in equatorial view seem to have colpi of virtually equal lengths. view narrowly to broadly ellipsoidal; equatorial di In both polar and equatorial views, a few specimens ameter 8fL-21fL, polar axis 13.5fL-21fL. Apertures: have been seen which appear to have equatorial Colpi siltlike to gaping, reaching two-thirds to three pores accompanying the colpi (pl. 9, fig. 5). Pollen fourths the distance to poles (as seen in polar view wall : Wall (except near col pi 1/L -2rt thick, in some of grains) . Pollen wall : Wall approximately 0.5p. specimens thickened at poles. Ektexine two to four thick, ektexine two to three times thicker than times thicker than endexine, in some specimens endexine, in many specimens wall layers not dis wall layers almost indistinguishable ; as seen on cernible. Ektexinal ornamentation consisting of equator (in polar views of grains), the wall grad- helter-skelter groups of parallel muri; muri typi- 26 PALYNOLOGY, UPPER CAMPANIAN JUDITH RIVER FORMATION, NORTH-CENTRAL MONT. cally 1.5/L-3/L long, less than 0.5fL wide, and less Cranwellia bacata Srivastava, 1969d than 0.5/L high; muri in groups of three or four, Plate 9, figures 10-12; table 1, No. 31 individual muri parallel to each other and spaced Cranwellia bacata Srivastava, 1969d, p. 51. approximately as far apart as their width; groups Holotype.-In Srivastava, 1969d, p. 51, pl. 1, fig. of parallel muri oriented in various directions over 2; Drumheller locality, Alberta, Canada; lower surface of grains to form a mosaiclike pattern. member of Edmonton Formation; Maestrichtian. Remarks.-This taxon was given the species name tessellatus because of its tessellated, checkered, or cf. Cranwellia Plate 9, figure 13; table 1, No. 58 mosaic surface ornamentation. It was assigned to the heterogeneous form genus Tricolpopollenites Genus FIBULAPOLLIS Chlonova, 1961 because I do not believe that this single species war Fibulapollis Chlonova, 1961, p. 87. Fibulapollis Chlonova, 1961. In Tschudy, 1969, p. A13. rants the erection of a new genus. Perhaps at a later Type species.-Fibulapollis (Triporina) mirificus date a more appropriate niche will be found for this (Chlonova, 1957) Chlonova, 1961, p. 87. new species. It does not pertain to the striate genera Striatopollis Krutzsch (1959b, p. 142-143) which Fibulapollis scabratus Tschudy, 1969 has longitudinal striations (parallel to polar axis Plate 9, figures 14-16; table 1, No. 75 or to Aesculiidites Elsik (1968b, p. 632) which has Fibulapollis scabratus Tschudy, 1969, p. A13-A14, pl. 16, circum.striate ornamentation. figs. 11-20. Comparison with other species.-! have not seen Holotype.-In Tschudy, 1969, p. Al3, pl. 16, fig. any fossil grains or found in the literature any 11; Colville River, Alaska; Colville Group; Late pollen with ornamentation comparable to that of Cretaceous. T. tessellatus. This species with its variously ori ented groups of parallel muri is distinctly different Genus AQUILAPOLLENITES Rouse, 1957 from Aesculiidites (Tricolpites) circumstria.tus Aquilapollenites Rouse, 1957, p. 370. (Fairchild in Stover, Elsik, and Fairchild) Elsik Type species.-A quilapollenites quadrilobus (1968b, p. 632, 634) which has circumstriate orna Rouse, 1957, p. 371; holotype in Radforth and mentation, from Striatopollis swrstedtensis Krutzsch Rouse, 1954, pl. I, fig. 14; Alberta, Canada; Brazeau (1959b, p. 143-144) which has striations parallel Formation; Late Cretaceous. to its polar axis, and from Grewipollenites canaden Remarks.-Aquilapollenites as used here encom sis Srivastava (1969d, p. 61) which has striae dis passes only those species having gross morphological persed radially from centers. characteristics (three equatorial protrusions ; and two unequal polar protrusions such as those of A. Genus CRANWELLIA Srivastava, 1966 quadrilobus, or two more or less equal polar pro Cranwellia Srivastava, 1966, p. 537. trusions such as those of A. trialatus) which cor Type species.-Cranwellia (Elytranthe) striat,a respond to those of the two original species which (Couper, 1953) Srivastava, 1966, p. 537-538; bolo were assigned to the genus by Rouse. Subsequent type illustrated in Couper, (1960, pl. 8, fig. 15; to its inception Aquilapollenites has been emended, Mataura Valley, New Zealand; Waitakian Stage; subdivided, and variously interpreted by many middle Oligocene. authors, including Funkhouser (1961, p. 193-194), Remarks.-Srivastava proposed the genus Cran Stanley (1961, p. 338, 340), Chlonova (1961, p. 82- wellia to accommodate fossil pollen grains which 83), Mtchedlishvili (in Samoilovitch and others, show a similarity or affinity with the pollen of the 1961, p. 209), Belsky, Boltenhagen, and Potonie extant genus Elytranthe. He assigned the genus to (1965, p. 80_.:_81), Srivastava (1968a, p. 668-670), the family Loranthaceae. CTanwellia is used here Krutzsch (1970, p. 104, 109), Srivastava and Rouse a.s a form genus because, even though the species (1970, p. 1592-1593), and Tschudy and Leopold assignable to it show some resemblance to members (1971, p. 120-124). The emendations and subdivi of the genus Elytranthe, I am not sure that they sions in part have merit but I do not believe any of are assignable to the family Loranthaceae. them are entirely satisfactory. Cranwellia rumseyensis Srivastava, 1966 In this report, M ancicorpus, as restricted by Plate 9, figure 9; table 1, No. 57 Krutzsch (1970, p. 104-106), is recognized as a Cranwellia rumseyensis Srivastava, 1966, p. 538. useful genus because it is distinct from Aquilapol Holotype.-ln Srivastava, 1966, p. 538, pl. XI, lenites Rouse; however, Mancicorpus, as introducEd figs. 3, 7; Scollard area, Alberta, Canada; upper by Mtchedlishvili (in Samoilovitch and others, 1961, part of Edmonton Formation ; Maestrichtian. p. 218-219) or as emended by Srivastava (1968a, SYSTEMATICS 27 p. 695-697), is not acceptable because some of the Aquilapollenites clarireticulatus ( Samoilovitch) Tschudy, species included in it are extremely similar to the 1969, p. A6, A 7. type species of Aquilapollenites. As discussed earlier Holotype.-In Samoilovitch, 1965, p. 123-124, figs. (Tschudy and Leopold, 1971!, p. 120-121), several 2:a, b; Linde River, Yakutia, U.S.S.R.; top of Chiri genera proposed by Mtchedlishvili that included myian suite; Maestrichtian-Danian. species earlier described under Aquilapollenites are Aquilapollenites trialatus Rouse, 1957 not acceptable because they are not clearly distinct from each other or from Aquita.pollenites. Krutzsch's Plate 9, figures 22-24; table 1, No. 76 new genus, Hemic01·pus Krutzsch (1970, p. 104, Aquilapollenites tr·ialatus Rous.e, 1957, p. 371. 107), is not acceptable because it is not distinct Aquilapollenites trialatus Rouse, 1957. In Tschudy, 1969, p. A 7, pl. 4, figs. 1-5; northern Alaska; Colville Group; from Aquilapollenites; in fact, I believe its type Late Cretac.eous. species, H emicorpus (Aquilapollenites) pule her Aquilapollenites trialatus Rouse, 1957. In Srivastava and (Funkhouser) Krutzsch (1970, p. 107), is synony Rouse, 1970, p. 1598-1599, figs. 8-17 (specimens from mous with A. quadrilobus, the type species of Aqui type locality) . lapollenites. Krutzsch's limitation of Aquilapollen Aquilapollenites trialatus Rouse var. trialatus. In Tschudy ites to isopolar and subisopolar species is probably and Leopold, 1971, p. 144. Holotype.-In Rouse, 1957, p. 371, pl. II, fig. 14; based on his misunderstanding of the type species south-central Alberta, Canada; Oldman Formation; of the genus-Krutzsch (1970, p. 109) cited Rouse Santonian, Late Cretaceous. (1957, pl. II, fig. 9) as the type of A. quadrilobus but that figured specimen is not the holotype speci Aquilapollenites reticulatus (Mtchedlishvili) Tschudy and Leopold, 1971 men designated by Rouse. Plate 9, figure 25; table 1, No. 77 Aquilapollenites quadrilobus Rouse, 1957 Pa.rviprojectus reticulatus Mtchedlishvili in Samoilovitch and others, 1961, p. 226-227. Plate 9, figures 17, 18; table 1, No. 32 Aquilapollenites reticulatus (Mtchedlishvili) Tschudy and Aquilapollenites quadrilobus Rous·e, 1957, p. 371. Leopold, 1971, p. 149-151. Aquilapollenites quadrilobus Rouse, 1957. In Srivastava and Holotype.-ln Samoilovitch and others, 1961, p. Rouse, 1970, p. 1597-1598, pl. I, figs. 3-7. 226-227, pl. 73, figs. 2a-c; Sym River, western Aquilapollenites quadn"lobvs Rouse, 1957. In Tschudy and Leopold, 1971, p. 125-127, 130--131, pl. I, figs. 5A, B and Siberian lowlands; upper Symian subsuite; Mae pl. 2, figs. lA, B ( holotype, two levels), 2-6. strichtian-Danian. Holotype.-In Radforth and Rouse, 1954, pl. I, fig. 14; Alberta, Canada; Brazeau Formation; Late Aquilapollenites sp. Cretaceous. Plate 9, figures 26; table No. 34 Aquilapollenites turbidus Tschudy and Leopold, 1971 Aquilapollenites senonicus (Mtchedlishvili) Tschudy and Leopold, 1971 Plate 10, figures 1, 2; table 1, No. 59 Plate 9, figure 19; table 1, No. 65 Aquilapollenites turbidus Tschudy and Leopold, 1971, p. 157- Manc.icorpus senonicum Mtchedlishvili in Samoilovitch and 159, pl. 1, fig. 6, and pl. 2, figs. 7 A-10. others, 1961, p. 224-225. Holotype.-ln Tschudy and Leopold, 1971, p. 157- Aquilapollenites senonicus (Mtchedlishvili) Tschudy and 159, pl. 2, figs. 7 A, B; Black Hills area, Niobrara Leopold, 1971, p. 131-132, pl. 1, fig. 2. County, Wyo.; Red Bird Silty Member of Pierre Holotype.-In Samoilovitch and others, 1961, p. Shale; middle Campanian. 224-225, pl. 72, figs. 2a-c; western Siberian low lands; lower Symian subsuite; Senonian. Aquilapollenites attenuatus Funkhouser, 1961

Aquilapollenites trialatus Rouse var. uniformis Tschudy and Leopold, 1971 Plate 10, figures 3-6; table 1, No. 35 Plate 9, figure 20; talble 1, No. 33 Aquilapollenites attenuatus Funkhous·er, 1961, p. 194, 196. Triprojectus dispositus Mtchedlishvili in Samoilovitch and Aquilapollenites trialatus Rouse var. uniformis Tschudy and others, 1961, p. 205-206, pl. 65, figs. la-c; Sym River, Leopold, 1971, p. 145, 148. western Siberian lowlands; Maestrichtian-Danian. Holotype.-In Tschudy and Leopold, 1971, p. 145, Aquilapollenites asper Mtchedlishvili in Samoilo-vitch and pl. 4, figs. 8A, B; Niobrara County, Wyo.; Mitten others, 1961, p. 213, pl. 68, figs. 2a-c; Sym River, western Black Shale Member of Pierre Shale; middle or Siberian lowlands; Maestrichtian-Danian. early Campanian. Aqunapollenites granulatns Mtchedlishvili in Samoilovitch and others, 1961, p. 212, pl. 68, figs. la-c; Vakh River, Aquilapollenites clarireticulatus (Samoilovitch) Tschudy, 1969 western Siberian lowlands; early Maestrichtian. Aquilapollenites a.mplus Stanley, 1961, p. 342, 344, 346, pl. Plate 9, figure 21; table 1, No. 71 1, figs. 1-6; Harding County, S. Dak.; Hell Creek Integricorpus clarireticulatus Samoilovitch, 1965, p. 123-124. Formation; Maestrichtian. 28 PALYNOLOGY, UPPER CAMPANIAN JUDITH RIVER FORMATION, NORTH-CENTRAL MONT.

Aquilapollenites matsumotoi Takahashi, 1964, p. 252-253, pl. chemical treatment during removal of grains from 38, figs. 1a, b; Hokkaido, Japan; lower Hokobuchi Forma rock matrix). Ektexine approximately lfL thick; tion; Campanian. ektexinal elements columnar, their diameter approxi Aquilapollenites accipiteris Srivastava, 1969a, p. 133-134, pl. I, figs. 3-5; Alberta, Canada; Edmonton Formation; mately equal to the distance between them, fused Maestrichtian. at tips in partial tectum resulting in a foveolate to Aquilapollenites ascriptivus Srivastava, 1969a, p. 136, pl. II, reticulate appearance of surface of grains. Conical figs. 12-15; Alberta, Canada; Edmonton Formation; spines extending 1.5fL·-2.5fL above surface of tectum, Maestrichtian. ornamenting surface of grain; spines mainly re Aquilapollenites augustus Srivastava, 1969a, p. 137, pl. III, figs. 18-20; Alberta, Canada; Edmonton Formation; stricted to polar domes, tips of equatorial protru Maestrichtian. sions, equatorial areas, and colpal margins (along Aquilapollenites h1'spidus Srivastava, 1969a, p. 139-140, pl. edges of equatorial protrusions in equatorial view V, figs. 31, 32; Alberta, Canada; Edmonton Formation; of grains) . Spines on polar protrusions oriented Maestrichtian. perpendicular to surface, on equatorial protrusions Aquilapollenites regaUs Srivastava, 1969a, p. 142, pl. VI, figs. 42, 43; Alberta, Canada; Edmonton Formation; usually oriented toward polar axis of grain, at colpal Maestrichtian. margins spines retroflexed (pointing toward polar Holotype.-In Funkhouser, 1961, p. 194, 196, pl. axis of grain). Spines at ends of equatorial pro 2, figs. la-c; west flank of Rawlins uplift, Rawlins, trusions not conspicuously larger than those on Wyo.; Lance Formation; Maestrichtian. rest of grain. Description (based on Funkhouser's holotype Remarks.-Funkhouser described A. attenuatu.s specimen and on more than 100 specimens from as a tridemicolpate pollen species. I have examined Judith River Formation samples and from many the holotype specimen and believe that the demi additional USGS paleobotany locality samples). colpi referred to by Funkhouser are thin areas from Tricolpate, isopolar to subisopolar pollen grains which endexinal costae have partially dissolved. with three equatorial protrusions. In equatorial Colpi are clearly visible in many of the specimens view: Polar axis 40fL-84rt (commonly 50fL·-55fL), that I have seen; they are, as a rule, most apparent equatorial diameter (including equatorial protru in polar and oblique views of grains. sions) 43p;-93fL (commonly 55fL-63fL), diameter of The new description of A. attenuatus presented body 11~--t-42/L (commonly 17fL-23 rt) , diameter of above is not considered an emendation but is merely equatorial protrusions llft-22p, (commonly 14fL- meant to clarify and expand the species in the light 18fL), length of equatorial protrusions 15fL-34fL of present knowledge and greater abundance of (commonly 20fL-25fL). Shape of body oval; diam specimens. A. attenuatus as here amplified consists eter of polar protrusions usually greater than, or of grains of a wide but gradational size range and in some specimens equal to or less than, the diam grains with much variation in proportional length eter of equatorial protrusions; length of polar and width of polar and equatorial protrusions. In protrusions usually approximately equal to, or in one USGS paleobotany locality sample (D3012 from some specimens slightly greater or less than length the Bearpaw Shale of Montana) about 40 specimens of equatorial protrusions; polar protrusions and were examined. In this sample there were grains equatorial protrusions broadly rounded at their closely resembling the holotype specimen of A. ends. In polar view: Shape of grains triangular, attenuatus and also large to small grains with pro with extended rounded corners and slightly con portionally larger bodies and smaller equatorial pro cave sides; free ends of equatorial protrusions trusions than the holotype. Some specimens in this paddle shaped, flattened in plane parallel to polar sample had unequal polar protrusions (subisopolar). axis of grain. Apertures: Colpi dissecting equa Sculpture also varied. Another USGS paleobotany torial protrusions, extending a short distance onto sample (Dl331 from the Fox Hills Sandstone from body, sometimes gaping at free ends of Equatorial Wyoming), though containing a smaller number protrusions. Pollen wall : Exine two layered; end of specimens, also provided grains having widely exine (except for endexinal costae) usually less variable form. I have attempted to separate our than 0.5fL thick. Axillary endexinal costae bow large number of specimens into varieties of A. shaped to lens shaped, extending one-half to two attenuatus but have concluded that variants inter thirds the length of equatorial protrusions and grade and cannot be distinctly or reliably separated extending onto base of polar protrusions, costae as from each other. much as 3fL thick in thickest part; in some speci Similar species.-"Triprojectus'' unicus (Chlo mens costae very distinct, in others faintly visible nova) Mtchedlishvili (in Samoilovitch and others, or absent (where absent probably were removed by 1961, p. 206-207, pl. 66, figs. la-c) and "Tr;·ipro- SYSTEMATICS 29 jectus" crassus Mtchedlishvil:l (in Samoilovitch and corpus (Hemicorpus (Aquilapollenites) pulcher others, 1961, p. 207-208, pl. 66, figs. 2a-c, 3) are (Funkhouser) Krutzsch) is extremely similar to, similar to A. attenuatus but differ by having more and I believe synonymous with, A. qua.drilobus, the slender equatorial protrusions. type species of Aquilapollenites. Aquila;pollenites insignis 1v.ltchedlishvili (in Sa The genus Mtchedlishvilia Srivastava as circum moilovitch and others, 1961, p. 215-216, pl. 69, figs. scribed by its author is not distinguishable from la-c, 2, 3) closely resembles A. attenuatus but pos Mancicorpu.s as it is represented by its type species, sibly it can be distinguished because in the illustra M ancicorpus anchori forme. tions (drawings) A. insignis appears to have knob like projections instead of spines on the ends of the Mancicorpus calvus (Tschudy and Leopold, 1971) n. comb. equatorial protrusions. Plate 10, figures 7-9; table 1, No. 37 Aquilapollenites subtilis 1\Hchedlishvili (in Sa Aqu.ilapollenites calvus Tchudy and Leopold, 1971, p. 138- moilovitch and others, 1961, p. 214, pl. 68, figs. 3a-c, 140, pl. 1, fig. 4 and pl. 3, figs. 1-5. 4) differs from A. attenuatus in its uniform distri Holotype.-In Tschudy and Leopold, 1971, p. 138- bution of spines over the entire surface of the pollen 140, pl. 3, fig. 1; Black Hills area, Niobrara County, grain. Wyo. ; lower unnamed shale member of Pierre Shale ; Aquilapollenites latilobu.s JM:tchedlishvili (in Sa late Campanian. moilovitch and others, 1961, p. 216, pl. 69, figs. 4a Mancicorpus tripodiformis (Tschudy and Leopold, 1971) n. comb. c) differs from A. attenuc~tus in its distinctly Plate 10, figures 10, 11; table 1, No. 60 coarser reticulum on the polar areas. Aquilapollenites aucellatus Srivastava (1969a, p. Aquilapollenites tripodiformis Tschudy and Leopold, 1971, 136-137, pl. III, figs. 16, 17) and Aquilapollenites p. 140-143, pl. 3, figs. 9A-10. Holotype.-In Tschudy and Leopold, 1971, p. 140- drumhellerensis Srivastava ( 1969a, p. 138, pl. IV, 141, pl. 3, figs. 9A, B; Black Hills area, Niobrara fig. 28) appear to be similar to A. attenuatus but County, Wyo.; Pierre Shale; late Campanian. can be differentiated from it because of their more Remarks.-M. tripodiformis n. comb. is similar abundant and smaller spines in the equatorial areas. to Mancicorpu.s (Mtchedlishvilia) canadianus (Sri Genus MANCICORPUS Mtchedlishvili, pro parte, Krutzsch, 1970 vastava, 1969c) n. comb. but apparently is distin [in part] Manc.ic01·pus Mtchedlishvili in Samoilovitch and guishable because of the striated sculpture on its others, 1961, p. 218-219. major pole and equatorial protrusions. It is possible Mtchedlishvilia Srivastava, 1969c, p. 615-616. that these two species will be found to merge and Mancicorpus Mtchedlishvili, pro parte Krutzsch, 1970, p. that M. tripodiformis will become a synonym of 103, 105-106. Type species.-Mancicorpus anchoriforme Mancicorpus canadianus. Mtchedlishvili in Samoilovitch and others, 1961, p. POLYCOLPATES 219-220, pl. 70, figs. 3a-c; Sym River, western Si berian lowland; upper Symia:n subsuite; Maestrich Genus SINDORAPOLLIS Krutzsch, 1969 tian-Danian. Sindorapollis Krutzsch, 1969, p. 413. New combination.- Mancicorpus (Mtchedlish Type species. - Sindorapollis (Loranthacites) vilia) canadianus (Srivastava, 1969c, p. 616, 618, pilatu.s (Mtchedlishvili) Krutzsch, 1969, p. 413; pl. I, figs. 1-8; Alberta, Canada; Edmonton Forma holotype in Samoilovitch and others, 1961, p. 195, tion ; Maestrichtian) n. comb .. pl. 63, figs. la-c; western Siberian plains ; Senonian. Remarks.-Mancicorpus as restricted by Krutzsch Description.-Radially symmetrical, angulaper is distinct from AquilapollenUes and is therefore a turate pollen grains having three pairs of demicolpi useful form genus. Krutzsch included in Mancicor which are separated at equator by equatorial bridges pus only forms that have a tripodal shape-forms and at poles by polar areas (not syncolpate) ; demi having one concave or flat pole and one convex but colpi either accompanied by or not accompanied by not prominent pole. The remaining four species that pores. Size of grains and exine sculpture various. Mtchedlishvili originally described and included in New combination.-Sindorapollis (Loranthacites) Mancicorpus-species that have one major polar catteralli (Srivastava, 1969b, p. 980, pl. II, figs. protrusion and one much smaller or nodelike pro 21, 22; Alberta, Canada; Edmonton Formation; trusion-were placed by Krutzsch in his new genus Maestrichtian) n. comb. Loranthacites Mtchedlish Hemicorpus. Hemicorpus Krutzsch (1970, p. 104), vili, to which the species catteralli was originally however, is here considered to be a synonym of assigned, is a later homonym of Loranthacites Aquilapollenites because the type species of Hemi- Conwentz, (1886). 30 PALYNOLOGY, UPPER CAMPANIAN JUDITH RIVER ,FORMATION; NORTH-CENTRAL MONT.

Sindorapollis granulatus n. sp. Duplopollis Krutzsch, 1959b, p. 144. Plate 10, figures 12-16; table 1, No. 78 Cupanieidites Cookson and Pike, 1954. In Potonie, 1960, p. 106. Holot'!:fpe.-USGS paleobotany locality D4069 Cupanieidites Cookson and Pike, 1954. In Belsky, Bolten slide (1) at 106.5 x 10.5; plate 10, figure 12; hagen, and Potonie, 1965, p. 77. ~W 1;4SW 14SW1,4 sec. 15, T. 23 N., R. 22 E.; Phil Type species.-(selected by Krutzsch, 1959b, p. lips County, Mont.; Judith River Formation· late 144) Cupanieidites major Cookson and Pike, 1954, Campanian. ' p. 213-214, pl. 2, figs. 83-85; lectotype (here se Paratype.-USGS paleobotany locality D4069, lected) in Cookson and Pike, 1954, pl. 2, fig. 83; slide (2) at 104.3 X 3.6; plate 10, figure 13; same Anglesea, Victoria, Australia; Eocene. locality data as for holotype. Paratype.-USGS paleobotany locality D4069 Cupanieidites sp. slide (1) at 105.7 x 18.7; plate 10, figure 14; sam~ Plate 10, figure 17; table 1, No. 91 locality data as for holotype. Genus TRICOLPORITES Cooksoa, 1947 Description (based on 38 specimens in polar view Tricolporites Cookson, 1947, p. 134. ~nd six in equatorial view) .-Radially symmetrical, Type species.-Tricolporites p1·olata Cookson, Is~polar, angulaperturate pollen grains having three 1947, p. 134, pl. XV, fig. 46; Waterfall Gorge (near pairs of demicolpi ; outline of grain in polar view Port Jeanne d'Arc), Kerguelen Archipelago, Indian rounded triangular, in equatorial view oval to Ocean ; Tertiary. rounded rhomboidal; equatorial diameter 16.5p.- Description.-Isopolar, tricolporate pollen grains. 28p. (commonly 20p.-26p.), polar axis 19p.-24p.. Aper Polar axis greater than, or equal to, equatorial diam tures: Demicolpi slitlike, in some specimens gaping eter. Colpi meridional, arranged symmetrically, each slightly, without margine.s, 5p.-8p. long, not joining provided with an equatorially located well-differ at poles, reaching to within 0.5p.-1.5,u of equator; entiated pore. Size of grains variable. Surface occasionally the narrow bridge between demicolpi smooth or nearly so--dimensions of sculptural ele at equator is apparently torn and demicolpa1 slits ments less than 1p.. are joined (forming a colpus). Pollen wall: Wall Remarks.-Erdtman (1947, p. 110} used the term 0.5p.-1p. thick; endexine thin, ektexine two to three "Tricolporites" in his system of classification of times thicker than end exine; in most specimens fossil and recent pollen and spores but did not use wall at equator slightly thick2r on corners than on it as a genus name. Cookson ( 1947, p. 134) intro sides of grain; ektexinal columellae very fine, not duced Tricolporites in the generic sense when she always visible even under x 1000 oil-immersion described and illustrated the binomial Tricolporites magnification, tectate; at x 430 high dry magni prolata. Tricolporites Cookson was a monotypic new fication, surface of grains appearing almost smooth ; genus and was a valid name (see article 42 of the "International Code of Botanical Nomenclature" at X 1,000 oil-immersion magnification, surface appearing granular. (Lanjouw, chm., and others, 1966). Comparison with similar species.-Sindorapollis Tricolporites rhomh.oides Anderson. 1960 n. sp. differs from granulatus Sindorapollis cat Plate 10, figures 18-21; table 1, No. 38 teralli (Srivastava) n. comb. in its smaller size, more rounded outline, shorter demicolpi, and finer sculp Tricolp€Jirites rhomboides Anderson, 1960, p. 26. Holotype.-ln Anderson, 1960, p. 26,. pl. 7, fig. 15; ture. eastern side of San Juan Basin, New Mexico; N aci S. granulatus differs from Sindorapollis pilatus miento Formatio.n; Cretaceous..,Tertiary. (Mtchedlishvili) Krutzsch (1969, p. 413) in its Description (based on many specimens, of which smaller size, much finer surface sculpture, and lack 30 were measured.}-Tricolporate pollen grains; of pores. outline in polar view rounded triangular to nearly S. granulatus is smaller than SindorapoUi8 tri circular; outline in equatorial view rhomboidal, angulus Kruztsch (1969, p. 413) and has siltlike elliptical, or nearly circular. Equatorial diameter simple demicolpi, whereas S. triangulus has demi l6p.-22p., polar axis 16.5p.-24 • Most specimens in colpi with thickened margins. 61 polar view have a triradiate compression fold on TRICOLPORA TES polar area (see pl. 10, fig. 18). Apertures: Colpi Genus CUPANIEIDITES Cookson and Pike, 1954 long, extending two-thirds to three-fourth the dis tance to poles, bordered by narrow (approximately Cupanieidites Cookson and Pike, 1954, p. 210. Cupanieidites Cookson and Pike, 1954. In Krutzsch, 1959b, p. 0.5p. wide) margines; pores as seen in equatorial 144-145. view of grains 0.5p.-1p. (rarely as much as 1.5p.) in SYSTEMATICS 31 diameter. Pollen wall: Wall approximately 1.5f.L Genus SUBTRIPOROPOLLENITES Pflug and Thomson in Thomson an:I thick; ektexine two to three times thicker than Pflug, 1953 endexine; ektexinal columellae fused at tips in a Subtriporopollenites Pflug and Thomson in Thomson and partial tectum. Surface sculpture scabrate. Pflug, 1953, p. 85. Remarks.-The grains described above, except Subtriporopollenites Pflug and Thomson 1953. In Krutzsch, for their slightly larger size, correspond to T. rhom 1960, p. 307-308. Type species. - Subtriporopollenites anulatus boides as described and illustrated by Anderson. subsp. anulatus (not subsp. notus) Pflug and Thom T ricolporites sp. son in Thomson and Pflug, 1953, p. 85-86, pl. 9, fig. Plate 10, figure 22; table 1, No. 96 49; middle Europe; Tertiary.

Genus MONTANAPOLLIS Tschudy, 1971 Subtriporopollenites alpinus (Wolf, 1964) n. comb. Montanapollis Tschudy, 1971, p. B58. Type species.-M ontanapollis endannulatus Plate 11, figures 6-8; table 1, No. 41 Tschudy, 1971, p. B58, figs. 3, 4; Phillips County, Triporopollenites alpinus Wolf, 1964, p. 114-115, pl. 1, figs. Mont. ; Bearpaw Shale (basal part) or Judith River 8-19. Formation (uppermost part); late Campanian. Holotype.-ln Wolf, 1964, p. 114-115, pl. 1, figs. 8-10; Breitenbach on the Tegern Sea, Bavaria; Montanapollis endannulatus Tschudy, 1971 Zementmergel Series; Campanian. Description (based on 20 specimens from Judith Plate 11, figure 1; table 1, No. 39 River Formation samples) .-Triporate pollen, shape Montanapollis endannulatus Tschudy, 1971, p. B58. in polar view convex triangular to circular, diam Holotype.-ln Tschudy, 1971, p. B58, fig. 3; Phil eter 16f.L-24f.L. Apertures: Pores slightly subequa lips County, Mont.; Bearpaw Shale (basal part) or torial, circular or nearly so, 1.5f.L-2f.L in diameter Judith River Formation (uppermost part) ; late (or rarely as much as 3f.L), not protruding or in Campanian. some specimens very slightly protruding; pore mar gines approximately 2f.L wide, in most specimens Genus SIBERIAPOLLIS Tschudy, 1971 inconspicuous, in some specimens not discernible. Siberiapollis Tschudy, 1971, p. B54. Pollen wall : Exine two layered, about 1f.L thick, as Type species.-Siberiapollis montanensis Tschudy, much as 1.5f.L thick in margo areas surrounding 1971, p. B55, 57-58, fig. 1, 2; Fergus County, Mont.; pores; endexine thin, approximately one-third as lower marine part of Judith River Formation ; late thick as ektexine; in many specimens wall layers Campanian. not discernible. Surface sculpture microverrucate; verrucae 0.5f.L-1f.L in diameter, circular in outline Siberiapollis montanensis Tschudy, 1971 or nearly so, 0.5f.L or less in height; distance between Plate 11, figures 2, 3; table 1, No. 72 verrucae about equal to, or less than, their diameter. Siberiapollis montanensis Tschudy, 1971, p. B55. Remarks.-My specimens from the Judith River H olotype.-ln Tschudy, 1971, p. B55, a of fig. 2; Formation appear to be very similar to S. alpinus Fergus County, Mont.; lower marine part, Judith (Wolf) n. comb. as it was described and illustrated River Formation; late Campanian. by Wolf. One specimen that probably is the same species, but is slightly larger (24f.L x 29f.L) and has TRI·PORATES four pores, was found in the Judith River sample Genus TRIATRIOPOLLENITES Pftug in Thomson and Pftug, 1953 USGS paleobotany locality D3726-A. Triatriopollenites Pflug in Thomson and Pflug, 1953, p. 76-77. Comparison with similar species.-In shape of Type species.-Triatriopollenites rurensis Pflug grain and size of pores S. alpinus resembles Tri and Thomson in Thomson and Pflug, 1953, p. 79, pl. poropollenites rugatus Newman (1965, p. 12, pl. 7, fig. 95; Eschweiler, Germany; Miocene. 1, fig. 7) ; however, the two species differ in that S. alpinus is slightly smaller, and it has a micro Triatriopollenites costatus Norton in Norton and Hall, 1969 verrucate surface ornamentation whereas T. rugatus Plate 11, figures 4, 5; table 1, No. 61 has a smooth to scabrate sculpture. Triatriopollenites costatus Norton in Norton and Hall, 1969, The sculpture of S. alpinus resembles that of p. 40-41. Ulmoideipites krempU Anderson ( 1960, p. 20, pl. Holotype.-ln Norton and Hall, 1969, p. 40-41, 6, fig. 2) and Ulmoideipites tricostatus Anderson pl. 5, fig. 19; Garfield County, Mont. ; Hell Creek (1960, p. 20-21, pl. 4, fig. 9), but S. alpinus lacks Formation ; Late Cretaceous. the arci which characterize those species. 32 PALYNOLOGY, UPPER CAMPANIAN JUDITH RIVER FORMATION, NORTH-CENTRAL MONT.

Genus PROTEACIDITES Cookson ex Couper, 1953 Description.-Inaperturate palynomorphs unit~d Proteacidites Cookson, 1950, p. 170-175. (No description of in dyads, greatest dimension of dyad less than 601),; genus and no type species designated.) individual cells of dyad alike or very similar, their Proteaddites Cooks·on ex Couper, 1953, p. 42. shape spherical, oval, or irregular; surface ornamen Type species.-(designated by Couper, 1953, p. tation various. 42) Proteacidites adenanthoides Cookson, 1950, p. Comparison with simila.r genera.-Dyadonapites 172-173, pl. 2, fig. 21; Wensleydale, Australia; Ter is smaller than the Liassic genus Circularesporites tiary. Danze and Laveine (1963, p. 86; diameter 60,u.- 500fL), and its individual cells do not have circular Proteacidites spp. dehiscence areas as do those of Circularesporites. Plate 11, figures 9-12; table 1, No. 42 POL YPORA TES Dyadonapites reticulatus n. sp. Genus PERIPOROPOLLENITES Pflug and Thomson emend. Krutzsch, 1966 Plate 11, figures 15-17; table 1, No. 66 Liquidambar-pollenites Raatz, 1937, p. 17. (Not valid, no H olotype.-USGS paleobotany locality D3725-C, genus description.) slide (4) at 85.0X6.0; plate 11, figure 15; NW14 Periporopollenites Pflug and Thomson in Thomson and Pflug, 1953, p. 111. sec. 26, T. 24 N., R. 17 E.; Blaine County, Mont.; Liquidambarpollenites Raatz, 1937 ex Potonie, 1960, p. 134. Judith River Formation (upper nonmarine part); (Name was here validated by Potonie; however, it was late Campanian. a synonym of Periporopollenites which was valid in Paratype.-USGS paleobotany locality D3725-C, 1953-both genera had the same type species.) slide {5) at 91.0X17.1; plate 11, figure 16; same Periporopollenites Pflug and Thomson emend. Krutzsch, 1966, p, 39-40. locality data as for holotype. Type species.-Periporopollenites (Pollenites) Description (based on many specimens, of which stigmosus (Potonie) Thomson and Pflug, 1953, p. 30 were measured) .-Inaperturate palynomorphs 111; holotype in Potonie, 1931a, p. 332, pl. II, fig. 1; united in dyads; diameter of individual cells l4p.- Muskauer Braunkohle, Germany; Miocene. 22,u., shape spherical, oval, rounded angular, or irregular owing to folding. Length of dyad 23,u.- Periporopollenites sp. 41p.. Individual cells of dyad similar but in some Plate 11, figure 13; table 1, No. 92 specimens one cell slightly larger than the other Genus ERDTMANIPOLLIS Krutzsch, 1962 one. Wall: Exine probably· two layered, apparent Erdtmanipollis Krutzsch, 1962, p. 281. thin endexine visible as a component of the wall in Type species.-Erdtmanipollis pachysandroides a few specimens. Ektexinal sculpture reticulate; Krutzsch, 1962, p. 281, pl. VIII, figs. 1-8. lumina irregular in shape and variable in size, less than 0.5,u. to as much as 2,u. in diameter; muri deli Erdtmanipollis pachysandroides Krutzsch, 1962 cate, less than 0.5fL wide and less than 0.5,u. high; in Plate 11, figure 14; table 1, No. 43 some specimens muri appearing rough and on some Erdtmanipollis pachysandroides Krutzsch, 1962, p. 281. well-preserved specimens this roughness can be Holotype.-In Krutzsch, 1962, p. 281, pl. VIII, seen to consist of microbaculae or microverrucae figs. 1-4; Spremberg, Germany; upper Chatt; late on the muri peaks. Oligocene. Remarks.-In some preparations containing Remarks.-The diameter of the specimens found Dyadonapites reticulatus n. sp., many palynomorphs in the samples from the Judith River Formation are present which appear to be individual cells of ranges from 29,u. to 37,u.. These grains closely re this species (see taxon 44); whereas, in other prepa semble specimens of E. pachysandroides as illus rations very few free cells are present. trated by Krutzsch (1962, pl. VIII, figs. 1-8). TETRADS Genus INAPERTUROTETRADITES van Hoeken-Kiillkenberg, 1964 DYADS Inapert?l.rotetradites van Hoeken-Klinkenberg, 1964, p. 226. Genus DYADONAPITES Erdtman, 1947 ex Tschudy (this report) Type species.-lnaperturotetradites lacunosus van Dyado-napites Erdtman, 1947. p. 111. (Term proposed in Hoeken-Klinkenberg, 1964, p. 226, pl. VI, figs. 17a, system of classification but not used as a genus name.) b ; Inyi, Nigeria; Maestrichtian. Dyadites Pant, 1954, p. 54. (Name proposed but no species assigned.) lnaperturotetradites scabratus n. sp. Dyadites van der Hammen, 1956, p. 79. (Not a valid name Plate 11, figures 18, 19; table 1, No. 63 type specimen designated was a recent pollen grain.) Type species.-Dyadonapites Teticulatus n. sp. Holotype.-USGS paleobotany loc'ality D3725-A, REFERENCES. CITED 33 slide (2) at 96.3X4.1; plate 11, figure 18; NW1,4 ites Wodehouse (1933, p. 516-517) was described as sec. 26, T. 24 N ., R. 17 E.; Blaine County, Mont.; having pores in addition to colpi. Manum did not Judith River Formation (upper nonmarine part) ; emend Ericipites to include tricolpate as well as late Campanian. tricolporate forms. I tentatively accept Manum's Description (based on 20 specimens) .-Inaper synonymy because it was agreed to by Potonie turate pollen grains, arranged in tetrahedral tetrads. (1966, p. 192), the author of Ericaceoipollenites, Shape of individual grains spherical or nearly so. but I believe that Ericipites should be emended to Diameter of tetrads 29t-t-45t-t, diameter of individual include tricolpate in addition to tricolporate pollen. grains 18p-27p.. Exine thin, or as much as 0.75t-t Genus DROSERIDlTES Cookson, 1947 ex Potoni~, 1960 thick; endexine very thin, in many specimens not clearly visible. Sculptural elements consisting of Tetradites (Droseridites) Cookson, 1947, p. 137. Droseridites Cookson, 1947 ex Potonie, 1960, p. 139. small projections less than, or slightly greater than, Type species.-Droseridites ( Tetradites (Dro 0.5p. high, and less than 0.5ft in diameter, spaced seridites)) spinosa (Cookson, 1947) Potonie, 1960; at intervals almost equal to their diameter ; height lectotype (selected by Potonie, 1960, p. 139) in of surface projections (scabrae) varies on indi Cookson, 1947, p. 137, pl. XVI, fig. 70; Waterfall vidual tetrads and also on different grains of a Gorge, Kerguelen Archipelago; Tertiary. single tetrad. Comparison with similar species and remarks. Droseridites spinulosus Manum, 1962 Because I. scabratus n. sp. is inaperturate, it is Droseridites spinulosus Manum, 1962, p. 30-31, pl. V, figs. easily distinguishable from Dicotetradites granu 1-5. latus Norton, in Norton and Hall (1969, p. 53, pl. Holotype.-In Manum, 1962, p. 30-31, pl. V, fig. 5, fig. 4) whose individual grains are monoporate. 1; Spitsbergen; Tertiary. I. scabratus n. sp. appears similar to Et·icaceoipol Droseridites cf. D. spinulosus lenites rallus Stanley (1965, p. 296-297, pl, 44, figs. Plate 11, figure 20; table 1, No. 93 15-18) from the Paleocene of South Dakota, except that the grains of the tetrad do not have colpi. REFERENCES CITED Stanley described the grains of E. rallus as inaper turate to weakly tricolpate, but I have not observed Anderson, R. Y., 1960, Cretaceous-Tertiary palynology, colpi in any of the specimens of I. scabratu.s that I eastern side of the San Juan Basin, New Mexico: New have examined. Compression folds sometimes re Mexico Bur. Mines and Mineral Resources Mem. 6, 58 p., pls. 1-11. semble colpi but I do not interpret them as colpi. Balme, B. E., 1957, Spores and pollen grains from the It is possible that I. scabratus, which I have found Mesozoic of Western Australia: Commonwealth Sci. In in the Campanian and Maestrichtian of Montana dus. Research Orga"nization, Coal Research Sec., no. 25, and Wyoming, will be found to be synonymous with 48 p., pls. 1-11. Stanley's E. rallus from the Paleocene of South -- 1963, Plant microfossils from the Lower Triassic of Western Australia: Palaeontology, v. 6, pt. 1, p. 12-40, Dakota. Because I do not believe that my specimens pls. 4-6. have colpi, I have placed this new s.pecies in the Belsky, C. Y., Boltenhagen, E., and Potonie, Robert, 1965, genus Ina;perturotetradites. Sporae dispersae der Oberen Kreide von Gabun, aqua Stanley (1965, p. 296) interpreted the genus toriales Afrika: Palaont. Zeitschr., v. 39, no. 1/2, p. Ericaceoipollenites to include inaperturate to weakly 72-83, pls. 12-13. Bharadwaj, D. C., and Singh, H. P., 1964, An Upper Triassic tricolpate pollen grains that are arranged in a tetra miospore ass·emblage from the coals of Lunz, Austria: hedral tetrad, and consequently he placed his new Palaeobotanist, v. 12, no. 1, p. 28-44, pls. 1-5. species (rallus) in that genus. He either ignored or Bolkhovitina, N. A., 1953, Sporovo-pyltsevoya kharakteristika did not agree to (but did not mention) Manum's melovykh otlozhenii tsentral'nykh oblastei SSSR [Spore (1962, p. 29) earlier synonymy of Ericaceoipollen- pollen characteristics of Cretaceous deposits of the cen ites under Ericipites. I believe, as did Stanley, that tral provinces of the USSR]: Akad. Nauk SSSR Geol. Inst. Trudy, v. 145, Geol. ser. no. 61, 184 p., pls. I Ericaceoipollenites and Ericipites were separable. XVI. Stanley (1965, p. 296) pointed out that Ericaceoi --1956, Atlas spor i ply'tsy ie iurskikh i nizhnemelovykh pollenites is separable from Ericipites by the ab otlozhenii Viliuiskoi vpadiny [Atlas of spores and pollen sence of well-defined colpi. It seems to me that the from Jurassic and lower Cretaeeous deposits of Vilyui two genera were easily distinguishable on the basis basin]: Akad. Nauk SSSR Geol. Inst. Trudy, no. 2, p. 1-132, pls. I-XXV. that Ericaceoipollenites Potonie (1951 ex Potonie, Boltenhagen, E., 1967, Spores et pollen du Cretace Superieur 1960, p. 138) was described as having furrows rela du Gabon: Pollen et Spores, V. 9, no. 2, p. 335-355, pls. tively short and at times indistinct, whereas Ericip- I-V.

494-146 0 - 73 - 5 34 PALYNOLOGY, UPPER CAMPANIAN JUDITH RIVER FORMATION, NORTH-CENTRAL MONT.

Brenner, G. J., 1963, The spores and pollen of the Potomac Danze, J., and Laveine, J. P., 1963, :Etude palynologique Group of Maryland: Maryland Dept. Geology, Mines, d'une argile provenant de la limite Lias-Dogger, dans and Water Resources Bull. 27, 215 p., pls. 1-43. un sondag1e a Boulogne-sur-Mer: Soc. Geol. Nord --- 1968, Middle Cretaceous spores and pollen from north Annales, v. 83, p. 79-90, pis. XIII-XVI. eastern Peru; Pollen et Spores, v. 10, no. 2, p. 341-383, Daugherty, L. H., 1941, The Upper Triassic flora of Arizona: pls. 1-X. Carnegie Inst. Washington Pub. 526, 108 p., pls. 1-34. Burger, D., 1966, Palynology of uppermost Jurassic and Delcourt~ A. F., Dettmann, M. E., and Hughes, N. F., 1963, lowermost Cretaceous strata in the eastern Netherlands: Revision of some Lower Cr·etaceous microspores from Leidse Geol. Meded., v. 35, p. 209-276, pis. 1-39. Belgium: Palaeontology, v. 6, pt. 2, p. 282-292, pls. Chlonova, A. F., 1957, 0 vydekenii rukovodiashchikh vidov 42-45. pri opredelenii vozrasta otlozhenii po sporovo-pyt'tsevomv Delcourt, A. F., and Sprumont, G., 1955, Les spores et grains analizu [On identification of the index species in the de pollen du W ealdien du Hainaut: Soc. Beige Geologie, determination of the age of deposits by spore-pollen Paleontologie et Hydrologie Mem., new ser., no. 5, 73 p., analysis]: Akad. Nauk SSSR Vostoch. Fil. Izv., no. 2, pls. I-IV. p. 43-46,pl. I. --- 1957, Quelques microfossiles du Wealdien de Feron --- 1960, Vidovi sostav pyl'tsy i spor v otlozheniiakh Glageon: Soc. Beige Geologie, Paleontologie et Hydro verghego mela Tchulymo-Eniseiskoi vpadiny [Species logie Bull., v. 66, no. 1, p. 57-67, pls. 1-111. composition of pollen and spores from Upper Cretaceous --- 1959, Spores, grains de pollen, Hystrichospher·es et deposits of the Chulimo-Y enisei depression] : Akad. Peridiniens dans le W ealdien de Feron-Glageon: Soc. N auk SSSR Sibirsk. Otdeleniye Inst. Geologii i Geo Geol. Nord Annales, v. 79, p. 29-64, pls. III-VII. fiziki Trudy, v. 3, 104 p., pls. I-X. Dettmann, M. E., 1963, Upper Mesozoic microfloras from --- 1961, Spory i ply'tsa verkhnei poloviny verkhnego south-eastern Australia: Royal Soc. Victoria Proc., new mela vostochnoi chasti Zapadno-Sibirskoi nizmennosti ser. v. 77, pt. 1, p. 1-148, pls. I-XXVII. [Spores and pollen from the upper half of the Upper Doring, Harry, 1966, Sporenstratigraphischer Vergleich Cretaceous of the eastern part of the western Siberian zwischen dem Wealden Norddeutschlands und siideng depression] : Akad. N auk SSSR Sibirsk. Otdeleniye Inst. lands: Geologie, v. 15, no. 55, p. 102-129, pls. 1-VII. Geologii i Geofiziki Trudy, v. 7, 140 p., pis. I-XVII. Drugg, W. S., 1967, Palynology of the upper Moreno Forma --- 1962, Some morphological typ·es of spores and pollen tion (Late Cretaceous-Paleocene), Escarpado Canyon, grains from Upper Cretaceous of eastern part of the California: Palaeontographica, ser. B, v. 120, nos. 1-4, west Siberian lowland: Pollen et Spores, v. 4, no. 2, p. 1-71, pis. 1-9. p. 297-309, pis. I-IV. Elsik, W. C., 1968a, Palynology of a Paleocene Rockdale Cookson, I. C., 194 7, Plant microfossils from the lignites lignite, Milam County, Texas-[Part] I, Morophology of Kerguelen archipelago: British, Australia, and New and taxonomy: Pollen et Spores, v. 10, no. 2, p. 263- Zealand Antarctic Research Exped. Rept., ser. A., v. 2, 314, pls. I-XV. p. 127-142, pls. XIII-XVII. --- 1968b, Palynology of a Paleocene Rockdale lignite, --- 1950, Fossil pollen grains of proteaceous type from Milam County, Texas-[Part] II, Morphology and Tertiary deposits in Australia: Australian Jour. Sci. Re taxonomy (end): Pollen et Spores, v. 10, no. 3, p. 599- search, ser. B-Biol. Sci., v. 3, no. 2, p. 166-177, pls. 664, pls. XVI-XLIV. 1-3. Erdtman, Gunnar, 1947, Suggestions for the classification of --- 1953a, The identification of the sporomorph Phyllo fossil and recent pollen grains and spores: Svensk Bot. cladidites with Dacrydium and its distribution in south Tidskr., v. 41, no. 1, p. 104-114. ern Tertiary deposits: Australian Jour. Botany, v. 1, --- 1948, Did dictyledonous plants exist in early Jurassic no. 1, p. 64-70, pl. 1. times?: Geol Foren. Stockholm Forh., v. 70, pt. 2, no. --- 1953b, Difference in microspore composition of some 453, p. 265-271. samples from a bore at Comaum, South Australia: Funkhouser, J. W., 1961, Pollen of the genus Aquilapollenites: Australian Jour. Botany, v. 1, no. 3, p. 462-473, pls. Micropaleontology, v. 7, no. 2, p. 193-198, pls. 1, 2. 1, 2. Groot, J. J., and Penny, J. S., 1960, Plant microfossHs and Cookson, I. C., and Dettmann, M. E., 1958, Some trilete age of nonmarine Cretaceous sediments of Maryland spores from upper Mesozoic deposits in the eastern and Delaware: Micropaleontology, v. 6, no. 2, p. 225- Australian region: Royal Soc. Victoria Proc., v. 70, pt. 236, pis. 1, 2. 2, p. 95-128, pis. XIV-XIX. Habib, Daniel, l969, Middle Cretaceous palynomorphs in a Cookson, I. C., and Pike, K. M., 1954, Some dicotyledonous deep-sea core from the Seismic Reflector Horizon A out pollen types from Cainozo,ic deposits in the Australian crop area: Micropaleontology, v. 15, no. 1, p. 85-101, region: Australian Jour. Botany, v. 2, no. 2, p. 197- pls. 1-4. 219, pls. 1, 2. Hammen, Thomas van der, 1956, A palynological systematic Couper, R. A., 1953, Upper Mesozoic and Cainozoic spores nomenclature: Bol. Geologico, v. 4, no. 2-3, p. 63-101, and pollen grains from New Zealand : New Zealand pls. I-XII. Geol. Survey Paleont. Bull, 22, 77 p., pls. 1-9. Hammen, Thomas van der, and Wymstra, T. A., 1964, A --- 1958, British Mesozoic microspores and pollen grains palynological study on the Tertiary and Upper Creta -A systematic and stratigraphic study: Palaeonto- ceous of British Guiana: Leidse Geol. Meded., v. 30, p. graphica, ser. B, v. 103, nos. 4-6, p. 75-179, pls. 15-31. 183-241, pis. 1-III. --- 1960, New Zealand Mesozoic and Cainozoic plant Hayden, F. V., 1859, Geological sketch of the estuary and microfossils: New Zealand Geol. Survey Paleont. Bull fresh water deposits of the Bad lands of the Judith, 32, p. 1-87, pls. 1-12. with some remarks ·upon the surrounding formations: REFERENCES CITED 35

Am. Philos. Soc., Trans., v. 11, new ser., pt. II, art. Sporen und Pollen aus der mitteleuropaischen Oberkreid·e XII, p. 123-138, 1 map. und dem Tertiar: Palaeontographica, ser. B, v. 105, --- 1871, Preliminary report of the United States Geo nos. 5-6, p. 125-157, pls. 31-35. logical Survey of Wyoming and portions of contiguous --- 1960, Beitrag zur Sporenpalaontologie der praoberoli Territories (being a second annual report of progress); gozanen kontinentalen und marinen Tertiarablagerungen U.S. Geol. and Grog. Survey Territories 4th Ann. Rep., Brandenburgs: Geol. Gesell. DDR Ber., v. 5, no. 4, p. 511 p. 290-343, pis. I-V. Hedlund, R. W., 1966, Palynology of the Red Branch Mem --- 1962, Stratigraphisch bzw. botanisch wichtige neue ber of the Woodbine Formation (Cenomanian), Bryan Sporen- und Pollenformen a us dem deutschen Tertiar: County, Oklahoma: Oklahoma Geol. Survey Bull. 112, Geologie, v. 11, no. 3, p. 265-307, pls. I-X. 69 p., pls. 1-10. --- 1963a, Atlas der mittel- und jungtertiaren dispersen Hoeken-Klinkenberg, P. M. J., van, 1964, A palynological Sporen- und Pollen- sowie der Mikroplanktonformen investigation of some Upper-Cretaceous sediments in des nordlichen Mitteleuropas-Lieferung II, Die Sporen Nigeria: Pollen et Spores, v. 6, no. 1, p. 209-231, pls. der Anthocerotaceae und der Lycopodiaceae: Berlin, I-VII. VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wisserschaften, 141, p., Hughes, N. F., 1961, Further interpretation of Eucommii pis. 1-50. dites Erdtman 1948: Palaeontology, v. 4, pt. 2, p. 292- --- 1963b, Atlas der mittel- und jungtertiaren dispersen 299, pls. 37, 38. Sporen- und Pollen- sowie der Mikroplanktonformen Ibrahim, Achmed, 1932, Beschreibung von Sporenformen aus des nordlichen Mitteleuropas-Lieferung III, Sphag Floz A.gir, in Potonie, Robert, Sporenformen aus den naceoide und selaginellaceoide Sporenformen: Berlin, Flozen A.gir und Bismarck des Ruhrgebietes: N eues VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissensschaften, 128 p., pis. J ahrb. Mineralogie, Geologie, u. PaHiontologie, Beil. 1-43. Band, Abt. B, v. 67 p. 447-449, pis. XIV-XVII. --- 1966, Zur kenntnis der praquartaren periporaten Ibrahim, Ahmet Can, 1933, Sporenformen des Aegirhorizonts Pollenformen: Geologie, v. 15, no. 55, p. 16-71, pls. I des Ruhr-Reviers: Wiirburg, Buchdruckerei Konrad IX. Triltsch, 46 p., pls. I-VIII. --- 1969, Taxonomie syncolp (or) ater und morphologisch Janson ius, Jan, 1962, Palynology of Permian and Triassic benachbarter Pollengattungen und -arten (sporae dis sediments, Peace River area, western Canada: Palaeon persae) aus der Oberkreide und dem Tertiaer-Teil I, tographica, ser. B, v. 110, nos. 1-4, p. 35-98, pls. 11-16. Syncolp (or) ate und syncolp (or) atoide Pollenformen: Jardine, Serge, and Magloire, Lili, 1965, Palynologie et Pollen et Spores, v. 11, no. 2, p. 397-424, pls. 1, 2. stratigraphie du Cretace des bassins du Senegal et de --- 1970, Taxonomie syncolp (or) ater und morphologish Cote d'Ivoire, in Colloq Internat. de Micropaleontologie, benachbart·er Pollengattungen und -arten (sporae dis Dakar 1963, Bur. Recherches Geol. et Minieres Mem. 32, persae) aus der Oberkreide und dem Tertiar-Teil II, p. 187-245, pls. I-XI. Aquilapolles (=Triproj.ectacites): Pollen et Spores, v. Jersey, N. J. de 1964, Triassic spores and pollen grains 12, no. 1, p. 103-122, pl. 3. from the Bundama Group: Queensland Geol. Survey Kuyl, 0. S., Muller, J., and Waterbolk, H. Th., 1955, The Pub. 321, 21 p., pis. 1, 2. application of palynology to oil geology with special Klaus, Wilhelm, 1960, Sporen der Karnischen Stufe der reference to western Venezuela: Geologie en Mijnbouw, ostalpinen Trias: Geol. Jahrb. Bundesanst.-Wien, v. 5, no. 3, new ser., v. 17, p. 49-76, pls. 1-8. p. 107-182 pis. 28-38. Lanjouw, Joseph, chm., and others, 1952, International code Kremp, G. 0. W., 1949, Pollenanalytische Untersuchung des of botanical nomenclature: Utrecht, Netherlands, In Miozanen Braunkohlenlagers von Konin an der W arthe: ternat. Bur. Plant Taxonomy and Nomenclature, 228 p. Palaeontographica, ser. B., v. 90, nos. 1-3, p. 53-93, pls. --- 1966, International code of botanical nomenclature: III-IX. Utrecht, Netherlands, Internat. Bur. Plant Taxonomy Kremp, G. 0. W., and Gerhard, J. E., 1961, Pollen and spores and Nomenclature, 402 p. from the lower Tertiary of North and South Dakota, Lantz, Josette, 1958, :Etude palynologique de quelques and some taxonomic problems concerning their designa echantillons Mesozoiques du Dorset (Grande-Bretagne): tion, in Origin and construction of coal, 3d Conf., Inst. Franc;ais Petrole Rev. et Annales Combustibles Crystal Cliffs, Nova Scotia, 1956: Halifax, p. 257-269, Liquides, v. 13, no. 6, p. 917-942, pls. I-VII. pls. I, II. Leffingwell, H. A., 1971, Palynology of the Lance (Late Cre Krutzsch, Wilfried, 1957, Sporen-und Pollengruppen aus der taceous) and Fort Union (Paleocene) Formations of Oberkreide und dem Tertiar Mitteleuropas und ihre the Type Lance Area, Wyoming, in Kosanke, R. M., and stratigraphische Verteilung: Zeitsch. Angew. Geologie, Cross, A. T., eds., Symposium on Palynology of the v. 3, no. 11/12, p. 509-548, pls. I-XVI. Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary: Geol. Soc. America 1959a, Mikropalaontologische (sporenpalaonto- Spec. Paper 127, p. 1-64, pis. 2-10 logische) Untersuchungen in der Braunkohle des Geisel Leopold, E. B., and Pakiser, H. M., 1964, A preliminary re tales-[Part] I, Die Sporen und die Sporenartigen port on the pollen and spor·es of the pre-Selma Upp·er sowie ehemals im Geiseltal zu Sporites gestellten Cretaceous strata of western Alabama: U.S. Geol. Sur Formeinheiten der Sporae dispersae der mitteleozanen vey Bull. 1160-E, p. 71-95, pls. 3-9. Braunkohle des mittleren Geiseltales ( Tagebau N eu Leschik, Georg, 1955, Die Keuperfiora von Neuewelt bei Base mark-West i.w.S.) unter Beriicksichtigung und Revi -[Part] II, Die Iso- und Mikrosporen: Schweizer. sion weiterer Sporenformen a us der bisherigen Literatur: Palaont. Abh.,~Mem. Suisses Paleont., v. 72, no. 1, p. Geologie, v. 8, no. 21/22, pls. 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Neuhof (bei Fulda) : Palaeontographica, ser. B, v. 100 --- 1964, Pollen and spores of the Chlamydospermidae nos. 4-6, p. 122-142, pls. 20-22. and Schizaeaceae from Upper Mannville strata of the Maliavkina, V. A., 1949, Opredelitel' spor i ply'tsy Iura-Mel Saskatoon area of Saskatchewan: Grana Palynologica, [Determination of spores and pollen, Jurassic-Creta v. 5, no. 2, 129-209, pis. 1-7. ceous]: Vses. Neft. Nauchno-Issled. Geol.-Razved. Inst. --- 1968, Zonalapollenites Pflug 1953 and related genera: Trudy, new ser., v. 33, 137 p., 51 pls. Taxon, v. 17, no. 6. p. 639-641. Manum Svein, 1960, On the genus Pityosporites Seward Pocock, S. J ., and J ansonius, Jan, 1961 The pollen genus 1914, with a new description of Pityosporites antarcticus Classopollis Pflug, 1953: Micropaleontology, v. 7, no. 4, Seward: Reprint from Nytt Mag. Botanikk, v. 8, p. 11- p. 439-449,pl. 1. 15, pl. 1. Potonie, Robert, 1931a, Zur Mikroskopie der Braunkohlen --- 1962, Studies in the Tertiary flora of Spitsbergen Tertiiire Bliitenstaubformen: Braunkohle v. 30, no. 16, A palynological investigation: Norsk Polarinst. Skr., no. p. 325-333, pls. I, II. 125, 127 p., pls. I-XX. --- 193lb, Pollenformen der miocanen Braunkohle (2. Miner, E. L., 1935, Paleobotanical examinations of Cretaceous Mitteilung) : Sitzungber. Gesell Naturf. Freunde Ber and Tertiary coals-[Part] I, Cretaceous Coals from lin, (1931), no.1-3, p. 24-27, pls.1-2. Greenland [and Part] II, Cretaceous and Tertiary coals --- 1931c Pollenformen a us tertiaren Braunkohlen: J ahrb. from Montana. Am. Midland Naturalist, v. 16, no. 4, Preussische Geol. Landesanst. Jahrb., v. 52, p. 1-7. p. 585-625, pls. 18-24. --- 1931d, Zur Mikroskopie der Braunkohlen-[Part] Newman, K. R., 1965, Upper Cretaceous-Paleocene guide IV, Tertiare Sporen-und Bliitenstaubformen. 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J ahrb., Hannover, no. in the Upper Cretaceous-Lower Tertiary of eastern 23, 103 p., pls. 1-11. Montana (U.S.A.): Rev. Palaeobotany and Palynology, --- 1958, Synopsis der Gattungen der Sporae dispersae v. 2, nos. 1-4, p. 99-110, pl. I. -Teil II, Sporites (Nachtrage), Saccites, Aletes, --- 1969, Palynology of the Upper Cretaceous and Lower Praecolpates, Polyplicates, Monocolpates: Beihefte Geol. Tertiary in the type locality of the Hell Creek Forma Jahrb., Hannover, no. 31, 114 p., pls. 1-11. tion, Montana, U.S.A.: Palaeontographica, ser. B, v. 125, --- 1960, Synopsis der Gattungen der Sporae dispersae nos. 1-3, 64 p., pis. 1-8. -Teil III, Nachtrage Sporites, Fortsetzung Pollentites Oltz, D. F., Jr., 1969, Numerical analyses of palynological mit Generalregister zu Teil I-III: Beihefte Geol. J ahrb., data from Cretaceous and Early Tertiary sediments in Hannover no. 39, 189, p., pls. 1-9. east central Montana: Palaeontographica, ser. 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lausitzer Braunkohle, besonders im Profil de·r Grube Paper 127, p. 113-167, pis. 1-4. Marga bei Senftenberg: Preussische Geol. Landesanst. Tschudy, R. H., 1970, Two ne·w pollen genera (Late Creta Jahrb. 1937, v. 58, p. 282-351, pls. 22-30. [1938] ceous and Paleoc-ene) with possible affinity to the Illicia --- 1940, Die Mikropalaontologie als Pollenanalyse im ceae: U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 643-F, 13 p., pls. Dienst der Braunkohlenforschung: Brennstoff-Geologie 1-9. Schr., Stuttgart, no. 13, p. 1-82, pls. I-XIV. Weyland, Hermann, and Krieger, Wilhelm, 1953, Die Sporen Thomson P. W., and Pflug, Hans, 1953, Pollen und Sporen und Pollen der Aachener Kreide und ihre Bedeutung des mitteleuropaischen Tertiars: Palaeontographica, ser. fur die charakterisierung des Mittleren Senons: Palaeon B, v. 94, nos. 1-4, p. 1-138, pls. 1-15. tographica, s.er. B, v. 95, nos. 1-3, p. 6-29, pis. 1-5. Traverse, Alfred, 1955, Pollen analysis of the Brandon Wilson, L. R., and Coe, E. A., 1940, Descriptions of some lignite of Vermont: U.S. Bur. Mines Rept. Inv. 5151, unassigned plant microfossils from the Des Moines 107 p. Series of Iowa: Am. Midland Naturalist, v. 23, no. 1, Tschudy, B. D., 1969, Species of Aquilapollenites and Fibul p. 182-186,pl. 1. apollis from two Upper Cretaceous localities in Alaska: Wodehouse, R. P., 1933, Tertiary pollen-[Part] II, The oil U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 643-A, 17 p., pls. 1-16. shales of the Eocene Green River formation: Torrey --- 1971, Two new fossil pollen genera from upper Bot. Club Bull., v. 60, no. 7, p. 479-524. Campanian ( Creteaceous) rocks of Montana, in Geologi Wolf, Monika, 1964, Sporomorphen aus dem bayerischen cal Survey research 1971: U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper Flysch: Fortschr. Geologie Rheinland u. Westfalen, v. 750-B, p. B53-B61, figs. 1-4. 12, p. 113-116, pl. 1. Tschudy, B. D., and Leop·old, E. B., 1971 Aquilapollenites Wolff, Herbert, 1934, [Part] II, Mikrofossilien des pliocanen (Rouse) Funkhouser-selected Rocky Mountain taxa Humodils der Grube Freigericht bei Dettingen a. M. and their stratigraphic ranges, in Kosanke, R. M., and und Vergleich mit alteren Schichten des Tertiars sowie Cross, A. T., eds., Symposium on palynology of the Late posttertiaren Ablagerungen : Preussische Geol. Lande Cretaceous and Early Tertiary; Geol. Soc. America Spec. sanst. Abh., v. 5, p. 55-86, pl. 5. INDEX

[Italic page numbers indicate major references and descriptions]

Page Page Page A ascriptivus, Aquilapollenites ------28 ( Clavabivesiculites) pannosus, asper, Aquilapollenites ------27 Pristinuspollenites 17; pl. 7 A bietineae-pollenites 14 attenuatus, Aquilapollcnites ___ 4, 6, 27; pl. 10 ( Clavabivesiculites inchoatus) crassus, Abietineaepollenites ------14 aucellatus, Aqui/apollenites ------29 Pristinuspollenites ______pl. 7 varius ------5, 15; pl. 5 augustus, Aquilapollenites ------28 chlonovae, Trisolissporites (Piceaepollenites) microalatus ____ 14 australis, Cyathidites ------6 ( Taurocusporites) 9 accipiteris, Aquilapollenites ------28 complexus, Liliacidites ------4, 6, 20; pl. 8 Acritarchs ------ Schizosporis ------20 adenanthoides, Proteacidites ------32 B Conosmundasporites ------7 Aesculiidites ------21,26 constrictus, Pityosporites ------5, 15; pl. 5 dubius ------4, 21; pl. 8 bacata, Cranwellia ------4, 6, 26; pl. 9 convolutus, Rugubivesic1dites ------18 (Tricolpites) circumstriatus _____ 21,26 ( Bacubivesiculites) inchoatus, Cornacwipollenites ------24 alatipollenites, Pinus ------15 Pristinuspollenites _____ 16; pl. 7 costatus, Triatriopollenites ------5, 31; pl. 11 Pityosporites ------5, 15, 16; pl. 6 B:ICulatisporites 7 Cmnwellia ------5, 26; pl. 9 Alisporitcs ------14, 17 primarius ------7 bacata ------4, 6, 26; pl. 9 bilateralis ------14 sp ------5, 7; pl. 1 rumseyensis ------5, 6, 26; pl. 9 grand~ ------~1~ pl. 5 barbatus, Seductisporites ____ 5, 6, 12, 13; pl. 4 (Elytranthe) striata ------26 microsaccus ------17 biformis, Podocarpidites ------16 crassus, Pristinuspollenites opii ------14 bilateralis, Alisporitcs ------14 ( Clavabivesiculites rotundus ------14 Bisaccates ------4, 14 inchoatus) pl. 7 thomasii ------4,14; pl. 5 blancnsis, Zlivisporis ------13 Triprojectus ------ 29 (Pteruchipollenites) microsaccus __ 17 crateris, Ischyosporites ------8 (Alisporites) microsaccus, c cretaceus, Camarozonosporites Pristinuspollenites ------16 (Rotaspora) ------11 a/pinus, Subtriporopollenites ____ 4, 31; pl. 11 Cedripites ------5, 15; pl. 5 amplus, Aquilapollenites ------27 callosus, Umbosporites ______4, 11; pl. 3 Cupanieidites ------30 anchoriforme, Mancicorpus ------29 ca./vus, Aquilapollenites ------29 major ------30 Anemia radiata ------8 Mancicorpus ------4, 29; pl. 10 sp ------5,30; pl. 10 antarcticus, Pityosporites ------15 Camarozonosporites ------11 Cyathidites ------6 anulatus, Subtriporopollenites (Rotaspora) cretaceus ------11 australis ------6 anulatus ------31 spp ------4,11; pl. 3 minor ------4, 6; pl. 1 anulatus, Subtriporopollenites ____ 31 canadensis, Grewipollenites ------21, 22, 26 sp ------5,6;pl. 1 Apiculatisporis wonthaggiensis ------8 canadianus, Mancicorpus ------29 Aquilapollenites ------26,29 Mancicorpus (Mtchedlishvilia) ____ 29 D accipiteris ------28 canaliculatus, Microfoveolatosporis_ 4, 11; pl. 3 am,plus ------27 catteralli, Sindorapoll~ ------30 Dacrydium transiens 17 ascriptivus ------28 Sindorapollis (Loranthacites) ____ 29 Dacrydiumites ------16, 17 asper ------27 Caytoniales-Pollenites ------18 Deltoidospora ------6 attenuatus ------4, 6, 27; pl. 10 Caytonipollenites ------18 hallU ------6 aucellatus ------29 pallidus ------18, 19 sp ------4, 6; pl. 1 augustus ------28 Cedripites ------15 Depository of types and other calvus ------29 cretaceus ------5, 15; pl. 5 illustrated specimens _____ 3 clarireticulatus ------5, 27; pl. 9 eocenicus ------15 Dicotetradites granulatus ------33 drumhellerens~ ------29 parvus ------4, 15; pl. 5 Dinoflagellates ------2 granulatus ------27 chinleana, Equ~etosporites ------20 Disaccites grandis ------14 h~pidus ------28 chlonovae, Taurocusporites ------ (Podocarpidites) ------16 insignis ------29 Trisol~sporites ------5, 6, 10; pl. 2 dispositus, Triprojectus ------27 latilobus ------29 Cicatricosi-sporites ------8 dorogensis, Cicatricosisporites ------8 tnatsumotoi ------28 Cicatricosisporites ------8 Droseridites ------33 quadrilobus ------4, 6, 26, 27, 29; pl. 9 dorogensis ------8 spinulosus ------5, 38; pl. 11 regal~ ------28 radiatus ------4, 8; pl. 1 ( Tetradites ( Droseridites) ) spinosa_ 33 reticulatus ------5, 6, 27; pl. 9 stoveri ------5, 8; pl. 1 (Droseridites), Tetradites ------33 senonicus ------5, 6, 27; pl. 9 sp ------4,8;pl. 1 drumhellerensis, Aquilapollenites ______29 subtilis ------29 Circularesporites ------32 dubius, Aesculiidites ------4, 21; pl. 8 trialatus ------5, 6, 26, 27; pl. 9 circulus, Polycingulatisporites ------ Striopollenites ------21 trialatus ------27 circumstriatus, Aesculiidites dulhuntyi, Dulhuntyispora ------9; pl. 2 uniformis ------4, 27; pl. 9 (Tricolpites) ------21,26 Dulhuntyispora ------3, 9 tripodiformis ------29 Claggett Shale ------1 dulhuntyi ------9 turbidus ------5, 27; pl. 10 clarireticulatus, Aquilapollenites ___ 5, 27; pl. 9 (Dulhuntyispora minuta) minutus, sp ------4, 27; pl. 9 Integricorpus ------27 Trisol~sporites ------9 ( Aquilapollenites) puleher, classoides, Classopollis ------20 Duplopollis ------30 Hemicorpus ------27,29 Classopollis ------20 Dyadites ------32 Arecipites ------20 classoides ------20 Dyadonapites ------32 puncbtus ------20 spp ------5,20;p1. 8 reticulatus ------4, 5, 6, 32; pl. 11 sp ------4,20; pl. 8 Clavabivesiculitcs inchoatus ------pl. 7 Dyads ------32 39 40 INDEX

Page Page Paee E hiatus, Taxodiaceae-Poll. ------19 ( Loranthacites) catteralli, hiatus, Taxodiaceae-pollenites ------20 Sindorapollis ------29 ellipticus, Podocarpidites ------16 hiatus, Taxodieaepollenites ------19 pilatus, Sindorapollis ------29 elongatus, Pinuspollenites ------15 Taxodieae-Poll. ------19, 20 Lycopodium novomexicanum ------12 Pityosporites ------15, 16; pl. 6 hiatus, Taxodieae-pollenites ------20 Lycopodiumsporites novomexicanum 12 Pityosporites elongatus ------Taxodioipoll. ------19 M elongatus elongatus, Pityosporites ---- 5 Taxodoidites ------19 grandis, Pityosporites ------5, 15; pl. 6 Thuja ------19 major, Cupanieidites ------30 Elytranthe ------26 hiatus paleocaenicus, Pollenites ------19 Leptolepidites ------4, 7; pl. 1 (Elytranthe) striata, Cranwellia ----- 26 hispidus, Aquilapollenites ------28 Mancicorpus ------26, 29 eminens, Seductisporites ------5, 6, 12; pl. 4 anchoriforme ------29 endannulatus, Montanapollis ___ 4, 6, 81; pl. 11 calvus ------4, 29; pl. 10 eocenicus, Cedripites ------15 canadianus ------29 Equisetosporites ------20 igniculus, Sporonites ------14 senonicum ------27 chinleana ------20 Tsugaepollenites ------14 tripodiformis ------5, 29; pl. 10 spp ------4,20; pl. 8 (Sporonites) ------14 (Mtchedlishvilla) canadianus ----- 29 Erdtmanipollis ------32 Zonalapollenites ------14 matsumotoi, Aquilapollenites ------28 pachysandroides ------4, 32; pl. 11 (Sporonites) ------13 maximus, Podocarpidites ------16 Ericaceoipollenites ------33 Inaperturates 4 microalatus, Abietineaepollenites rallus ------33 lnaperturopollenites ------19, 20 (Piceaepollenites) 14 Ericipites 33 hiatus ------19 Microfoveolatosporis ------11 crugatus, Tricolpites ------ 25 lnaperturotetradites ------32, 33 canaliculatus ------4, 11; pl. 3 Eucommiidites ------25 lacunosus ------32_ pseudodentatus ------11 minor ------25 scabratus ------5, 32, 33; pl. 11 microreticulata, Gunnera ------23 troedssonii ------25 inchoatus, Clavabivesiculties ------pl. 7 microreticulatus, Pristinuspollenites Granabivesiculites ------17; pl. 7 (Phyllocladidites) ------17 Pristinuspollenites F Retitricolpites ------23 ( Bacubivesiculites) 16; pl. 7 Tricolpites ------23 ( Granabivesiculites) 17; pl. 7 Fasciatisporites ------10 microsaccus, Alisporites ------17 Fibulapollis ------26 lndusiisporites ------17 Alisporites (Pteruchipollenites) ___ 17 scabratus ------5, 6, 26; pl. 9 1~nsignis, Aquilapollenites ------29 Pristinuspollenites ------5, 6, 17; pl. 7 lntegricorpus clarireticulatus ______27 ( Triporina) mirificus ------26 (Alisporites) ------16 foraminis, Foraminisporis ------8 interangulus, Tricolpites ------23 (Pteruchipollenites) ------16 Foraminisporis ------8 lschyosporites ------8 Pteruchipollenites ------17 foraminis ------8 crateris __ ------8 minimus, Rugubivesiculites ------18 wonthaggiensis ------4, 8; pl. 2 punctatus ------5, 8; pl. 1 minor, Cyathidites ------4, 6; pl. 1 Eucommiidites ------25 G .J minutus, Trisolissporites ------ 10 Trisolissporites ( Dulhuntyispora gemmiferus, Seductisporites _ 5, 6, 11, 13; pl. 3 Judith River Formation ------1, 6 minuta) ------9 Ghoshispora ------8 Juniperus 19 mirificus, Fibulapollis (Triporina) __ _ 26 scollardiana ------8 Miscellany ------ 19 K sp ------1,~ 8;pl. 1 Monoletes ------11 Gleicheniidites ------10 Monosulcates ------4, 20 kaitangataensis, Liliacidites ------20 senonicus ------10 Montanapollis ------31 krempii, Pulcheripollenites ______4, 22; pl. 8 spp ------4,11;pl. 3 endannulatus ------4, 6, 31; pl. 11 Granabivesiculites inchoatus ______17; pl. 7 Ulmoideipites ------.--- 31 montanensis, Siberiapollis ---- 5, 6, 31; pl. 11 ( Granabivesiculites) inchoatus, Kuylisporites ------8 Trisolissporites ------5, 6, 8, 9; pl. 2 Pristinuspollenites _____ 17; pl. 7 waterbolki ------8 morrinensis, Liliacidites ------5, 20; pl. 8 grandis, Alisporites ------4, H; pl. 5 spp 4, 8; pl. 1 Mtchedlishvilia ------29 Disaccites ------14 ( M tchedlishvilia) canadianus, Pityosporites ------14 L Mancicorpus ------29 elongatus ------5, 15; pl. 6 multesimus, Podocarpidites ------5, 16; pl. 7 granisaccus, Pristinuspollenites lacunosus, lnaperturotetradites 32 Podocarpus ------16 (Parvisaccites) ------17 Laevigato-sporites ------11 granospeciosus, Rouseisporites ------12 Laevigatosporites ------11 N granulatus, Aquilapollenites ------27 vulgaris ------11 Dicotetradites ------33 spp ------4, 11;pl. 3 narcissus, Pulcheripollenites ------22 Sindorapollis ------5, 6, 30; pl. 10 laevigatus, Rouseisporites ------13 novomexicanum, Lycopodium Grewipollenites ------21 latilobus, Aquilapollenites ------29 Lycopodiumsporites ------12 canadensis ------21, 22, 26 Leptolepidites ------7 0 radiatus ------5, 6, 21; pl. 8 major ------4, 7; pl. 1 Gun;,era microreticulata ------23 verrucatus ------7 opii, Alisporites ------14 levitas, Tricolpopollenites ____ 3, 4, 7, 25; pl. 9 ornatus, Podocarpidites ------5, 16; pl. 7 H liblarensis, Tricolpopollenites ------23 Osmundacidites ------7 Libocedrus ------19 wellmanii ------8 hallii, Deltoidospora 6 ligneolus, Ovoidites ------5, 21; pl. 8 sp ------5,8;pl. 1 Hamulatisporis ------11 Pollenites ------21 Ovoidites ------21 Hemicorpus ------27,29 Sporites ------21 ligneolus ------5, 21; pl. 8 (Aquilapollenites) pulcher ------27, 29 Liliacidites ------20 hians, Tricolpites ------3, 4, 7, 24; pl. 8 complexus ------4, 6, 20; pl. 8 p Tricolpopollenites ------24 kaitangataensis ------20 hiatipites, Taxodium ------19 morrinensis ------5, 20; pl. 8 pachysandroides, Erdtmanipollis __ 4, 32; pl. 11 hiatus, lnaperturopollenites ------19 variegatus ------5, 20; pl. 8 paleocaenicus, Pollenites hiatus ------19 Pollenites ------19 spp ------5,21;pl.8 pallidus, Caytonipollenites ------18, 19 Taxodiaceaepollenites ------4, 19; pl. 8 Liquidambarpollenites ------32 Pityopollenites ------18 (Pollenites) ------19, 20 Liquidambar-pollenites ------32 Pityosporites ------18 hiatus, Taxodiaceae-Poll. ------19 Loranthacites 29 Vitreisporites ------5, 18; pl. 8 INDEX 41

Page Page Page pannosus, Pristinuspollenties Procedure of study ------2 Sequoia-pollenites ------20 ( Clavabivesiculites) 17; pl. 7 Processing of samples and photography 1 Sequoiapollenites ------20 Parcisporites ------17 prolata, Tricolporites ------30 polyformosus ------20 parmularius, Tricolpopollenites ______24 Proteacidites ------32 spp ------5• 20; pl. 8 Tricolpopollenites (Pollenites) ____ 24 adenanthoides ------32 Siberiapollis ------31 Parviprojectus reticulatus ______27 spp ------~32; pl. 11 montanensis ------5, 6, 31; pl. 11 ( Parvisaccites) granisaccus, pseudodentatus, Microfoveolatosporis __ 11 signatus, Vitreisporites ------18, 19 Pristinuspollenites ______17 Pteruchipollenites microsaccus ------17 signifer, Seductisporites ------11, 12 parvus, Cedripites ------4, 15; pl. 5 thomasii ------14 Sindorapollis ------29 Tricolpites ------24 ( Pteruchipollenites) microsaccus, catteralli ------30 Periporopollenites ------32 Alisporites ------17 granulatus ------5, 6, 30; pl. 10 (Pollenites) stigmosus ------32 microsaccus, Pristinuspollenites ___ 16 pilatus ------30 sp ------5,6,32;pl. 11 pulcher, Hemicorpus (Aquilapollenites) 27, 29 triangulus ------30 Peroaletes ------11 Pulcheripollenites ------22 (Loranthacites) catteralli ------29 Phaseolites ------11 krempii ------4, 22; pl. 8 pilatus ------29 Phyllocladidites ------17 narcissus ------22 Sphagnites ------7 ( Phyllocladidites) microreticulatus, puncta.tus, Arecipites ------20 Sphagnum-sporites ------6 Pristinuspollenites ------17 Ischyosporites ------5, 8; pl. 1 Sphagnumsporites ------ ( Piceaepollenites) microalatus, spinosa, Droseridites ( Tetradites Abietineaepollenites ------14 Q (Droseridites)) ------33 pilatus, Sindorapollis ------30 spinulosus, Droseridites ------5, 33; pl. 11 Sindorapollis (Loranthacites) _____ 29 quadrilobus, Aquila Sporites ligneolus ------21 Pinus alatipollenites ------15 pollenites 4, 6, 26, 27, 29; pl. 9 (Sporites) stereoides, Stereisporites --- 7 ruginosa ------18 Sporonites ------14 Pinuspollenites ------15 R igniculus ------14 elongatus ------15 ( S poronites) igniculus, radiata, Anemia ------8 Pityopollenites ------18 Tsugaepollenites ------14 radiatus, Cicatricosisporites ------4, 8; pl. 1 pallidus 18 (Spronites) igniculus, Zonalapollenites_ 13 Grewipollenites ------5, 6, 21; pl. 8 Pityosporites ------15 stellatus, Stenozonotriletes ------Rottseisporites ------12, 13 alatipollenites ------5, 15, 16; pl. 6 Trisolissporites ------10 Stenozonotriletes ------9, 10 antarcticus ------15 (Stenozonotriletes) ------9 Trisolissporites ------10 constrictus ------5, 15; pl. 5 ( Taurocusporites) ------9 (Stenozonotriletcs) ------9 elongatus ------15, 16; pl. 6 Stenozonotriletes ------9 (Taurocusporites) ------9 elongatus ------5 radiatus ------9, 10 rallus, Ericaceoipollenites ------33 grandis ------5, 15; pl. 6 stellatus ------9 regalis, Aquilapollenties ------28 grandis ------14 (Stenozonotriletes) radiatus, reticulata, Tricolpites ------23 pallidus ------18 reticulatus, Aquilapollenites ____ 5, 6, 27; pl. 9 Trisolissporites ------9 Podocarpidites ------16 stellatus, Trisolissporites ------Cyadonapites ------4,5, 6, 32; pl. 11 biformis 16 Stereisporites ------6 Rouseisporites ------13 16 (Sporites) stereoides ------7 ellipticus ------Tricolpites ------3, 4, 7, 22, 23; pl. 8 maximus ------16 spp ------4, 7; pl. 1 Retimonocolpites ------20 multesimus ------5, 16; pl. 7 stereoides, Stereisporites ( S porites) _ __ 7 Retitricolpites microreticulatus ------23 ornatus ------5, 16; pl. 7 stigmosus, Periporopollenites retriculatus, Parviprojectus ------27 (Podocarpidites), Disaccites ------16 (Pollenites) ------32 rhomboides, Tricolporites ------4, 30; pl. 10 stoveri, Cicatricosisporites ------5, 8; pl. 1 Podocarpus multesimus ------16 ( Rotaspora) cretaceus, Poll. hiatus paleocaenicus ------19 striata, Cranwellia (Elytranthe) ------26 Camarozcmosporites ------11 Pollen-spore zones ------3 Striatopollis ------21, 26 rotundus, Alisporites ------14 Pollenites ------20 sarstedtensis ------26 Rouseisporites ------11 hiatus ------19 Striopollenites ------21 granospeciosus ------12 paleocaenicus ------19 dubius ------21 laevigatus ------13 ligneolus ------21 radiatus ------12, 13 Styx ------8 ( Pollenites) hiatus, subtilis, Aquilapollenites ------29 reticulatus ------13 Taxodiaceaepollenites _____ 19, 20 Subtriporopollenites ------31 rugatus, Triporopollenites ------31 parmularius, Tricolpopollenites ___ 24 alpinus ------4, 31; pl. 11 ruginosa, Pinus ------18 stigmosus, Periporopollenites _____ 32 anulatus anulatus ------31 Rugubivesiculites ------18 Polycingulatisporites ------_____ 8 sulcatus, Pristinuspollenites ------17,18 convolutus ------18 circulus ------8 Systematics ------6 minirnus ------18 spp ------5,6,8;pl.2 sp ------4,18; pl. 7 Polycolpates ------29 rumseyensis, Cranwellia ------5, 6, 26; pl. 9 polyformosus, Sequoiapollenites ______20 T rurensis, Triatriopollenites ------31 Polypodiaceae-sporites ------11 Polypodium-sporites ------11 s Taurocusporites 9, 10 Polyporates ------32 chlonovae ------ 9, 10 primarius, Baculatisporites ------7 Sample localities ------1 segmentatus ------ 9 Pristinuspollenites ------16 sarstedtensis, Striatopollis ------26 ( Taurocusporites) chlonovae, microsaccus ------5, 6,17; pl. 7 scabratus, Fibulapollis ______5, 6, 26; pl. 9 Trisolissporites ------ sulcatus ------17, 18 Inaperturotetradites _____ 5, 32, 33; pl. 11 radiatus, Trisolissporites ------(Alisporites) microsaccus ------16 Schizosporis complexus ------20 stellatus, Trisolissporites ------9 (Bacubivesiculites) inchoatus ___ 16; pl. 7 scollardiana, Ghoshispora ------8 Taxodiaceae ------19,20 ( Clavabivesiculites) pannosus __ 17; pl. 7 Seductisporites ------11 Taxodiaceaepollenites ------19 ( Clavabivesiculites inchoatus) barbatus ------5, 6, 12, 13; pl. 4 hiatus ------4, 19; pl. 8 crassus ------pl. 7 eminens ------5, 6, 12; pl. 4 (Pollenites) hiatus ------19,20 ( Granabivesiculites) inchoatus ___ 17; pl. 7 gemmiferus ------5, 6, 11, 13; pl. 3 Taxodiaceae-Pollenites ------19 ( Granabivesiculites inchoatus) signifer ------11, 12 Taxodiaceae-Poll. hiatus ------19 sulcatus 17 segmentatus, Taurocusporites ------9 Taxodiaceae-Poll. hiatus ------ 19 ( Parvisaccites) granisaccus ______17 senonicum, Mancicorpus ------27 Taxodiaceae-pollenites hiatus ------ 20 ( Phyllocladidites) microreticulatus_ 17 senonicus, Aquilapollenites _____ 5, 6, 27; pl. 9 Taxodi€ae ------ 19 (Pteruchipollenites) microsaccus __ 16 Gleicheniidites ------10 Taxodieacpo:lcnites hiatus ------19 42 INDEX

Page Page Page Taxodieae-Poll. ------19, 20 Tricolpopollenites ------22, 24, 26 u hiatus ------19,20 hians ------24 Taxodieae-pollenites hiatus ------20 levitas ------3, 4, 7, 25; pl. 9 Ulmoideipites krempii ------31 tricostatus 31 Taxonioidites ------19 liblarensis ------23 Taxodioipoll. hiatus ------19 parmularius ------24 Umbosporites ------11 Taxodium ------19 tessellatus ------3, 4, 7, 25; pl. 9 callosus ------4, 11; pl. 3 hiatipites 19 (Pollenites) parmularius ------24 Unclassified bisaccates ------4 Taxodoidites ------19 Tricolpora tes 4 Unclassified inaperturates ------4 hiatus ------19 Tricolporites prolata ------30 Unclassified monosulcates ------4 tessellatus, Tricolpopollenites __ 3, 4, 7, 25; pl. 9 rhomboides ------4, 30; pl. 10 Unclassified triletes ------4 Tetradites (Droseridites) ------33 sp ------5, 31; pl. 10 unicus, Triprojectus ------28 ( Tetradites ( Droseridites) ) spinosa, tricostatus, Ulmoideipites ------31 uniformis, Aquilapollenites trialatus 4, 27; pl. 9 Droseridites ------33 Triletes ------4, 6 Tetrads ------32 tripodiformis, Aquilapollenites ------29 v thomasii, Alisporites ------4, 14; pl. 5 Mancicorpus ------5, 29; pl. 10 Pteurchipollenites ------14 Triporates ------5 variegatus, Liliacidites ------5, 20; pl. 8 Thuja ------19,20 (Triporina) mirificus, Fibulapollis ___ 26 varius, Abietineaepollenites ------5, 15; pl. 5 hiatus ------19, 20 Triporopollenites rugatus ------31 Tricolpites ------24 transiens, Dacrydium ------17 Triprojectus crassus ------29 11errucatus, Leptolepidites ------trialatus, Aquilapollenites ____ 5, 6, 26, 27; pl. 9 dispositus ------27 Vitreisporites ------18 Aquilapollenites trialatus ------27 unicus ------28 pallidys ------5, 18; pl. 8 trialatus, Aquila.pollenites ______27 Triremisporites ------10 signatus ------18, 19 uniformis, Aquilapollenites ____ 4, 27; pl. 9 Trisolissporites ------3, 8, 10 vulgaris, Laevigatosporites ------11 triangulus, Sindorapollis ------30 chlonovae ------5, 6, 10; pl. 2 Triatriopollenites ------31 minutus ------10 w costatus ------5, 31; pl. 11 montanensis ------5, 6, 8, 9; pl. 2 waterbolki, Kyulisporites ------8 rurensis ------31 radiatus ------10 wellmani, Osmundacidites ------8 Tricolpates ------4, 21 stellatus ------10 wonthaggiensis, Apiculatisporis ------8 Tricolpites ------22 (Dulhuntyispora minuta) ninutus__ 9 Foraminisporis ------4, 8; pl. 2 erugatus ------25 (Stenozonotriletes) radiatus ------9 hians ______3, 4, 7, 24; pl. 8 stellatus ------z interangulus ------23 ( Taurocusporites) chlcmovae ____ _ microreticulatus ------23 radiatus ------9 Zamia 19 parvus ------24 stellatus ------9 Zlivisporis ------11 reticulata ------23 troedssonii, Eucommiidites ------25 blanensis ------13 reticulatus ------3, 4, 7, 22, 23; pl. 8 Tsugae-pollenites ------13, 14 Zonalapollenites ------13 varius ------24 Tsugaepollenites ------13, 14 igniculus ------14 spp ------4,24; pl. 8 igniculus ------14 (Sporonites) igniculus ------13 (Tricolpites) circumstriatus, (Sporonites) igniculus ------14 sp ------~1~pl.5 Aesculiidites ------21, 26 turbidus, Aquilapollenites ------5, 27; pl. 10 Zonates ------11

U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1973 0- 494-146 PLATES 1-11

Contact photographs of the plates in this report are available, at cost, from U.S. Geological Survey Library, Federal Center, Denve·r, Colorado 80225. PLATE 1 [All figures X 1,000 exeept as otherwise indieated] FIGURE 1. Cyathidites minor Couper (p. 6). USGS paleobotany loc. D4067, slide (3) at 78.3 X 12.0. 2. Cyathidites sp. (p. 6). USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (6) at 104.8 X 17.0. 3. Deltoidospora sp. 1 p. 6). USGS paleobotany loc. D4067, slide (10) at 111.1 X 4.1. 4, 5. Stereisporites spp. (p. 7). 4. USGS p,aleobotany loc. D3726-D, slide (2) at 99.0 X 20.2. 5. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-D, slide (2) at 109.5 X 7.9. 6. Leptolepidites major Couper (p. 7). USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (6) at 88.1 X 20.3. 7. Leptolepidites cf. L. major (p. 7). USGS paleobotany loc. D4067, slide (4) at 96.9 X 12.2. 8. Baculatisporites sp. (p. 7). USGS paleobotany loc. D3725-B, slide (2) at 75.9 X 13.5. 9. Osmundacidites sp. (p. 8). USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (2) at 110.8 X 4.4. 10, 11. Kuylisporites spp. (p. 8). 10. USGS paleobotany loc. D4067, slide (1) at 94.3 X 3.4. 11. USGS paleobotany loc. D4067, slide (4) at 86.6 X 2.3. 12. Ischyosporites cf. I. punctatus (p. 8). USGS paleobotany loc. D3725-E, slide (2) at 100.4 X 15.6. 13. Cic,atricosisporites stoveri Pocock {p. 8). USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (5) at 105.1 X 19.9. 14. Cicatricosisporites sp. (p. 8). USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-A, slide (5) 93.2 X 17.1. 15, 16. Cicatricosisporites radiatus Krutzsch (p. 8). Two levels. USGS paleobotany loc. D4067, slide (4) at 97.7 X 10.2. 17. Ghoshispora sp. (p. 8). USGS paleobotany loc. D4067, slide (11) at 92.3 X 18.0. (X 500). GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 770 PLATE I

14 - . l

16 17 15 CYATHIDITES, DELTOIDOSPORA, STEREISPORITES, LEPTOLEPIDITES, BACULATISPORITES, OSMUNDACIDITES, KUYLISPORITES, ISCHYOSPORITES, CICATRICOSISPORITES, AND GHOSHISPORA PLATE 2 [All figures X 1,0001 FIGURES 1, 2. Foraminisporis wonthaggiensis (Cookson and Dettmann) Dettmann (p. 8). 1. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-D, slide (2) at 78.8 X 5.6. 2. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3725-A, slide (2) at 92.6 X 21.3. 3-5. Polycingulatisporites spp, (p. 8). 3. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (4) at 99.8 X 3.7. 4. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (9) at 99.4 X 8.8. 5. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-C, slide (2) at 83.1 X 21.7. 6-10. Trisolissporites montanensis n. sp. (p. 9). 6, 7. Holotype, two focal levels. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (3) at 99.9 X 11.3. 8. Paratype. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726-E, slide (2) at 81.8 X 11.2. 9, 10. Two focal levels. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726-E, slide, (1) at 118.8 X 1.8. 11. Dulhuntyispora dulhuntyi Potonie (p. 9). Specimen from Upper Permian from Western Australia, furnished by Dr. B. E. Balme. 12-14. Trisolissporites chlonovae (Doring) n. comb. (p. 10). 12. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726-E, slide (2) at 93.0 X 8.9. 13. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (8) at 77.8 X 14.1. 14. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (2) at 117.3 X 5.6. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 770 PLATE 2

11 14

FORAMINISPORIS, POLYCINGULATISPORITES, TRISOLISSPORITES, AND DULHUNTYISPORA PLATE 3 [All figures X 1,000] FIGURES 1-4. Gleicheniidites spp. (p. 11). 1. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (4) at 87.4 X 19.8. 2. USGS paleobotany loc. D4067, slide (4) at 92.6 X 12.2. 3. USGS paleobotany loc. D4067, slide (4) at 100.9 X 21.1. 4. USGS paleobotany loc. D4067, slide (4) at 112.0 X 16.4. 5, 6. Camarozonosporites spp. ( p. 11). 5. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-D, slide ( 1) at 80.9 X 8.0. 6. USGS paleobotany loc. D4067, slide (10) at 111.1 X 4.1. 7, 8. Laevigatosporites spp. (p. 11). 7. USGS paleobotany loe. D3726-A, slide (2) at 109.7 X 7.3 8. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726-A, slide (2) at 100.8 X 4.3. 9,10. Umbosporites callosus Newman (p. 11). 9. USGS paleobotany Joe. D4069, slide (1) at 91.9 X 5.0. 10. USGS paleobotany Joe. 03726-C, slide (1) at 82.7 X 3.7. 11. Microfoveolatosporis canaliculatus Dettemann (p. 11) . USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726-E, slide (4) at 104.7 X 5.3. 12-17. Seductisporites gemmiferus n. sp. (p. 11). 12, 13. Holotype, two focal levels. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726- A, slide (2) at 96.7 X 19.8. 14, 15. Paratype, two focal levels, USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726-A, slide ( 1) at 91.4 X 14.1. 16, 17. Paratype, two focal levels. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726- A, slide (2) at 92.4 X 18.3. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 770 PLATE3

4 2 5 / 1 I • ( 9 10 - 6 7

• / • 8

15 16 GLEICHENIIDITES, CAMAROZONOSPORITES, LAEVIGATOSPORITES, UNBOSPORITES, MICROFOVEOLATOSPORIS, AND SEDUCTISPORITES PLATE 4 [All figures X 1,000] FIGURES 1-3. Seductisporites eminens n. sp. (p. 12). 1. Holotype, USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (5) at 99.0 X 10.3. 2. Paratype, USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (9) at 84.8 X 16.1. 3. Paratype. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (8) at 109.2 X 19.7. 4-7. Seductisporites barbatus n. sp. (p. 13) . 4. Holotype. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (9) at 111.3 X 3.2. 5. Paratype. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (7) at 82.0 X 12.5. 6, 7. Paratype, two focal levels. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (10) at 94.5 X 7.7. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 770 PLATE 4

1 3 2

5 4

SEDUCTISPORITES PLAT'E 5 [All figures X 1,000] FIGURE 1. Zonalapollenites sp. (p. 14). USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (4) at 100.8 X 21.6. 2, 3. Alisporites grandis (Cookson) Dettmann (p. 14). 2. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide ( 5) at 117.5 X 2.5. 3. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (6) at 102.2 X 8.8. 4,5. Alisporitesthomasii (Couper) Nilsson (p. 14). 4. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (6) at 106.9 X 15.1. 5. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (6) at 97.3 X 10.5. 6. Abietineaepollenites varius Norton I p. 15). USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-A, slide (2) at 90.1 X 12.0. 7. Cedripites parvus Norton (p. 15). USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (8) at 107.8 X 9.9. 8. Cedripites cretac,eus Pocock ( p. 15). USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-C, slide (2) at 110.3 X 7.2. 9. Pityosporites cf. P. constrictus (p. 15). USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (6) at 113.2 X 6.7. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 770 PLATE 5

ZONALAPOLLENITES, ALISPORITES, ABIETINEAEPOLLENITES, CEDRIPITES, AND PITYOSPORITES PLATE 6 [All figures X 1,000] FIGURE 1. Pityosporites alatipollenites (Rouse) Singh ( p. 15). USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-A, slide (2) at 86.0 X 8.3. 2- 4. Pityosporites elongatus (Norton) Tschudyvar. elongatus (p. 15). 2, 3. Two focal levels. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (6) at 107.7 X 8.6. 4. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (6) at 104.1 X 2.7. 5, 6. Pityosporites elongatus var. grandis n. var. (p. 15). 5. Paratype. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (6) at 96.9 X 13.2. 6. Holotype. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (5) at 116.0 X 4.9. G.EOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 770 PLATE 6

PITYOSPORITES PLATE 7 [All figures X 1,000] FIGURES 1, 2. Podocarpidites multesimus (Bolkhovitina) Pocock (p. 16). 1. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726- E, slide (6) at 99.0 X 22.2. 2. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (8) at 95.2 X 11.2. 3. Podocarpidites cf. P. o1·natus (p. 16) . USGS paleobotany loc. D3725- A, slide (2) at 82.0 X 19.1. 4-6. Pristinuspollenites microsaccus (Couper) n. comb. (p. 16, 17). 4. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726- E, slide (6) at 108.8 X 21.2. 5. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726- E, slide (4) at 87.2 X 8.0. 6. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-A, slide (2) at 99.4 X 19.2. 7. Pristinuspollenites (Bacubivesic.ulites) inchoatus (Pierce) n. comb. (p. 16). Holotype. (Also see Pierce 1961, pl. II, fig. 35). 8, 9. Pristinuspollenites ( Clavabivesiculites inchoatus Pierce) crassus n. name (p. 16). Holotype, two focal levels. (See Clavabivesiculites inchoatus Pierce, 1961, pl. II, g. 36.) 10. Pristinuspollenites (Clavabivesiculites) pannosus (Pierce) n. comb. (p. 17) . Holotype. (Also see Pierce, 1961, pl. II, fig. 37.) 11. Pristinuspollenites (Granabivesiculties inchoatus Pierc·e) sulcatus n. name (p. 17). Holotype. (See Granabivesiculites inchoatus Pierce, 1961, pl. II, fig. 38.) 12, 13. Rugubivesiculites sp. (p. 18) . 12. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (6) at 92.2 X 11.9. 13. USGS paleobotany loc. D3725-A, slide (2) at 106.9 X 3.9. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 770 PLATE 7

10 11

PODOCARPIDITES, PRISTINUSPOLLENITES, AND RUGUBIVESICULITES PLATE 8 [All figures X 1,000] FIGURES 1, 2. Vitreisporites pallidus (R€issinger) Nilsson (p. 18). 1. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-B, slide (1) at 73.3 X 5.9. 2. USGS paleobotany loe. D3726-D, slide (2) at 97.2 X 12.0. 3,4. Taxodiaceaepollenites hiatus ( Potonie) Kremp ex Potonie \ p. 19). 3. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726-D, slide (2) at 80.9 X 4.1. 4. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3725- D, slide (2) at 88.1 X 2.7. 5, 6. Sequoiapollenites spp. 1 p. 20). 5. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726-E, slide (4) at 89.2 X 18.8. 6. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726-D, slide (2) at 104.5 X 18.6. 7, 8. Classopollis spp, ( p 20). 7. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3725-E, slide (2) at 84.9 X 18.2. 8. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726-C, slide (2) at 115.3 X 18.5. 9, 10. Equisetosporites spp. 1 p. 20). 9. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726-E, slide (6) at 84.9 X 5.0. 10. USGS paleobotany Joe. D4067, slide (1) at 86.9 X 21.2. 11. Arecipites sp. (p. 20). USGS palebotany Joe. D3725-C, slide (4) at 81.0 X 17.8. 12. Liliacidites variegatus Couper ( p. 20). USGS paleobotany Joe. D3725-C, slide (2) at 111.8 X 11.0. 13. Liliacidites cf. L. morrinensis ( p. 20). USGS paleobotany Joe. D4070, slide (2) at 102.8 X 5.3. 14, 15. Liliacidites complexus (Stanley) n. comb. ( p. 20). 14. USGS paleobotany loc. D4067, slide (1) at 105.1 X 20.1. 15. USGS paleobotany loe. D4069, slide (2) at 87.0 X 2.1. 16-18. Liliacidites spp. ( p. 21). 16. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726-A, slide (2) at 92.'21 X 2.3. 17. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726-A, slide (2) at 90.~ X 4.2. 18. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3725- C, slide (5) at 91.3 X 22.1. 19. Ovoidites ligneolus ( Potonie) Potonie ex Krutzsch ( p. 21) . USGS paleobotany Joe. D3725-C, slide (5) at 96.0 X 18.2. 20, 21. Aesculiidites dubius (Jardine and Magloire) n. comb. ( p. 21) . Two focal levels. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726- B, slide (1) at 105.4 X 15.7. 22-25. Grewipollenites radiatus n. sp. ( p. 21). 22. Holotype. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726- D, slide (2) at 104.7 X 18.8. 23. Paratype. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726-D, slide (2) at 86.0 X 15.3. 24. Paratype, USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726-D, slide (2) at 88.1 X 4.1. 25. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726-D, slide (2) at 80.6 X 14.7. 26-28. Pulcheripollenites krempii Srivastava (p. 22). 26. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3725-C, slide (2) at 86.5 X 3.8. 27. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3725- C, slide (4) at 85.9 X 10.6. 28. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3725-C, slide (2) at 96.5 X 18.9. 29-31. Tricolpites reticulatns Cookson ( p. 23) . 29. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3725-D, slide (2) at 93.4 X 5.2. 30. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726-E, slide (6} at 104.6 X 12.6. 31. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726-E, slide (6) at 90.6 X 10.7. 32-34. Tricolpites hian.s Stanley (p. 24). 32. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726-E, slide (3) at 104.8 X 18.1. 33. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726- A, slide (2) at 85.8 X 8.0. 34. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726-E, slide (3) at 110.0 X 7.4. 35-37. Tricolpites spp, (p. 24). 35. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3725-C, slide (4) at 80.4 X 2.5. 36. USGS paleobotany loc. D4069, slide (1) at 108.0 X 5.5. 37. USGS paleobotany loc. D4070, slide (2) at 100.1 X 3.5. GEOLOGI CAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 770 PLATE 8

31 33 36 37 VITREISPORITES, TAXODIACEAEPOLLENITES, SEQUOIAPOLLENITES, CLASSOPOLLIS, EQUISETOSPORITES, ARECIPITES, LILIACJDITES, OVOIDITES, AESCULIIDITES, GREWIPOLLENITES, PULCHERIPOLLENITES, AND TRICOLPITES PLATE 9 [All figures X 1,000] FIGURES 1-6. Tri~olpopollenites levitas n. sp. ( p. 25). 1. Ho!otype. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3725-C, slide (2) at 113.2 X 3.8. 2, 3. Paratype, two focal levels. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3725-C, slide ( 4) at 80.9 X 6.8. 4. Paratype. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3725-C, slide (4) at 84.4 X 11.3. 5. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3725-C, slide (4) at 83.8 X 11.2. 6. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3725-C, S'!ide (3) at 96.1 X 5.4. 7, 8. Tricolpopollenites tessellatus n. sp. (p. 25). 7. USGS paleobotany Joe. D4067, slide ( 1) at 103.4 X 16.4. 8. Holotype. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3725-E, slide (2) at 107.6 X 8.9. 9. Cranwellia rumseyensis Srivastava (p. 26). USGS paleobotany loc. D3725- C, slide (4) at 83.1 X 14.0. 10-12. Cranwellia bacata Srivastava (p. 26). 10, 11. Two focal levels. USGS paleobotany Joe. D4067, slide (1) at 77.2 X 9.7. 12. USGS paleobotany loc. D4067, slide (3) at 87.8 X 16.1. 13. Cf. Cranwellia (p. 26). USGS paleobotany Joe. D3725- A, slide (2) at 100.7 X 2.5. 14-16. Fibulapollis scabratus Tschudy (p. 26). 14, 15. Two focal levels. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726--E, slide (4) at 85.7 X 14.3. 16. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726- D, slide (2) at 87.3 X 6.2. 17, 18. Aquilapollenites quadrilobus Rouse (p. 27) . 17. USGS paleobotany loc. D3725- C, slide (4) at 110.3 X 3.7. 18. USGS paleobotany loc. D4067, slide (12) at 88.1 X 8.0. 19. Aquilapollenites senonicus (Mtchedlishvili) Tschudy and Leopold (p. 27). USGS paleobotany loc. D3725- C, slide (2) at 97.8 X 5.3. 20. Aquilapollenites trialatus Rouse var. uniformis Tschudy and Leopold (p. 27). USGS paleobotany Joe. D3725-C, slide (4) at 90.4 X 8.7. 21. Aquilapollenites clarireticulatus (Samoilovitch) Tschudy (p. 27) . USGS paleobotany loc. D4069, slide (3) at 112.5 X 8.5. 22-24. Aquilapollenites trialatus Rouse (p. 27). 22. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726-E, slide (6) at 82.3 X 12.3. 23. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726--B, slide (1) at 86.5 X 14.9. 24. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726--E, slide (4) at 96.2 X 7.2. 25. Aquilapollenites reticulatus (Mtchedlishvili) Tschudy and Leopold (p. 27) . USGS paleobotany loc. D3726--D, slide (2) at 104.6 X 12.1. 26. Aquilapollenites sp. (p. 27). USGS paleobotany Joe. D3725-C, slide (5) at 83.5 X 20.2. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 770 PLATE 9

25 23 24

TRICOLPOPOLLENITES, CRANWELLIA, FIBULAPOLLIS, AND AQUILAPOLLENITES PLATE 10 [All figures X 1,000] FIGURES 1, 2. Aquilapollenites turbidus Tschudy and Leopold (p. 27). 1. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726--E, slide (6) at 108.6 X 19.7. 2. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726- C, slide (2) at 107.5 X 10.8. 3-6. Aquilapollenites attenuattus Funkhouser (p. 27) . 3. USGS paleobotany loc. D3725-C, slide (4) at 81.8 X 15.4. 4. USGS paleobotany loc. D3725-C, slide (2) at 107.4 X 18.5. 5. USGS paleobotany loc. D3725-C, slide (4) at 86.0 X 17.7. 6. USGS paleobotany loc. D4067, slide (3) at 77.1 X 10.5. 7-9. Mancic.orpus calvus (Tschudy and Leopold) n. comb. (p. 29). 7. USGS paleobotany loc. D3725- C, slide (4) at 79.2 X 17.8. 8. USGS paleobotany loc. D3725-C, slide (4) at 85.7 X 22.3. 9. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726--C, slide (5) at 109.5 X 10.1. 10, 11. Mancicorpus tripodiformis (Tschudy and Leopold) n. comb. (p. 29). 10. USGS paleobotany loc. D4069, slide (4) at 97.5 X 10.1. 11. USGS paleobotany loc. D3725-A, slide (2) at 89.0 X 15.9. 12-16. Sindorapollis granulatus n. sp. (p. 30). 12. Holotype. USGS paleobotany loc. D4069, slide ( 1) at 106.5 X 10.5. 13. Paratype. USGS paleobotany loc. D4069, slide (2) at 104.3 X 3.6. 14. Paratype. USGS paleobotany loe. D4069, slide (1) at 105.7 X 18.7. 15. USGS paleobotany loc. D4069, slide ( 4) at 83.8 X 16.1. 16. USGS paleobotany loc. D4069, slide (1) at 82.5 X 22.3. 17. Cupanieidites sp. ( p. 30). USGS paleobotany loc. D3726--E, slide (4) at 87.6 X 16.4. 18-21. TricolPQrites rhomboides Anderson (p. 30). 18. USGS paleobotany loc. D3725- C, slide (5) at 110.3 X 2.9. 19. USGS paleobotany loc. D3725-C, slide (2) at 112.9 X 13.6. 20. USGS paleobotany loe. D3725-C, slide (4) at 108.3 X 20.2. 21. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3725- C, slide (4) at 99.9 X 6.0. 22. Tric.olporites sp. (p. 31). USGS paleobotany Joe. D4070, slide (2) at 101.6 X 13.5. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 770 PLATE 10

14 15 11

18 19 20 21 22

AQUILAPOLLENITES, MANCICORPUS, SINDORAPOLLIS, CUPANIEIDITES, AND TRICOLPORITES PLATE 11 [All figures X 1,000] FIGURE 1. Montanapollis endannulatus Tschudy (p. 31). USGS paleobotany loc. D4067, slide (10) at 83.9 X 8.0. 2, 3. Siberiapollis montanensis Tschudy ( p. 31). 2. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (5) at 91.1 X 14.0. 3. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (8) at 82.5 X 6.9. 4, 5. Triatriopollenites costatus Norton (p. 31). 4. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-A, slide (1) at 91.8 X 11.3. 5. USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (4) at 95.3 X 16.0. 6-8. Sub triporopollenites alpinus (Wolf) n. comb. ( p. 31) . 6. USGS paleobotany loc. D3725-C, slide ( 4) at 102.8 X 6.2. 7. USGS paleobotany Joe. D3725-C, slide (2) at 96.7 X 14.3. 8. USGS paleobotany loc. D4067, slide (2) at 90.1 X 18.2. 9-12. Proteacidites spp. (p. 32). 9. USGS paleobotany loc. D4069, slide (2) at 113.5 X 7.1. 10. USGS paleobotany loc. D4069, slide (1) at 86.3 X 4.1. 11. USGS paleobotany loc. D4067, slide (1) at 82.2 X 4.7. 12. USGS paleobotany loc. D4067, slide (3) at 104.0 X 1.7. 13. Periporopollenites sp. (p. 32). USGS paleobotany Joe. D3726-C, slide (1) at 101.9 X 11.9. 14. Erdtmanipollis pachysandroides Krutzsch (p. 32). USGS paleobotany Joe. D4067, slide (10) at 79.2 X 3.1. 15-17. Dyadonapites reticulatus n. sp. (p. 32). 15. Holotype. USGS paleobotany loc. D3725-C, slide (4) at 85.0 X 6.0. 16. Paratype. USGS paleobotany loc. D3725-C, slide (5) at 91.0 X 17.1. 17. USGS paleobotany loc. D3725- D, slide (1) at 91.0 X 14.8. 18, 19. lnaperturotetradites scabratus n. sp. (p. 32). 18. Holotype. USGS paleobotany loc. D3725-A, slide (2) at 96.3 X 4.1. 19. USGS paleobotany loc. D3725- E, slide (2) at 79.4 X 14.4. 20. Droseridites cf. D. spinulosus (p. 33). USGS paleobotany loc. D3726-E, slide (3) 88.5 X 17.2. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 770 PLATE II

f 4 5 6 7 8

11 12 13 9 10

16 17

18 19 20

MONTANAPOLLIS, SIBERIAPOLLIS, TRIATRIOPOLLENITES, SUBTRIPOROPOLLENITES, PROTEACIDITES, PERIPOROPOLLENITES, ERDTMANIPOLLIS, DYADONAPJTES, INAPERTUROTETRADITES, AND DROSERIDJTES