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Unit 3.10 Crustaceans Marine Science

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Unit 3.10 Crustaceans Marine Science Marine Science Unit 3.10 Crustaceans Entry Task(s) What do you find interesting about the following organisms? Crustaceans Unit 3.10 Crustaceans Vocabulary. • Using Chapter 10 (pgs. 240-248) of the textbook provide a definition for each term. • Be sure to complete the vocabulary as we progress through the unit, it will be checked prior to the assessment. Note: The “Unit 3.10 Crustaceans Vocabulary” worksheet can be located on the Marine Science webpage @ link: https://www.steilacoom.k12.wa.us/Page/6828 Guest Teacher Grab a copy of the “Christmas Island Crab Migration” video question worksheet from the front counter. Instructions: • Carefully watch the video. • Complete the questions as you find the answers in the video. • Turn in the question worksheet at the end of the period. Note: The “Christmas Island Crab Migration” question worksheet can be located on the Marine Science webpage @ link: https://www.steilacoom.k12.wa.us/Page/6828 Guest Teacher Christmas Island Crab Migration Documentary by The World Documentaries Archive (57:20): Synopsis: National Geographic documentary detailing the annual migration of crabs at Christmas Island. Link @ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TMw3MUyF3F8 Entry Task(s) How did the red crabs of Christmas Island differ from the crabs we have here around the Puget Sound? • They did not live in the water & would drown if they were in the water too long. Crustaceans How Are Lobsters & Other Crustaceans Adapted to Their Environment? • Members of the phylum, Arthropoda (“jointed feet”). - Numerous segmented legs or jointed appendages. - Locomotion & food-getting. • Possess a tough external skeleton (exoskeleton). - Made of chitin, a carbohydrate, that varies from flexible to hard. - Not only serves as protection, but a place where muscles attach. Crustaceans How Are Lobsters & Other Crustaceans Adapted to Their Environment? • Those arthropods that live in marine habitats are in the class of Crustacea (“crust” or “shell”). Crustaceans Crustacean Features. What do these two creatures have in common? Crustaceans Crustacean Features. What do these two creatures have in common? Crustaceans Crustacean Features. What do these two creatures have in common? • Crustaceans. • Hard outer covering. • Bilateral Symmetry. • Divided into two main segments. - Cephalothorax (head & chest region). - Abdomen (includes the tail). Crustaceans Crustacean Features. Cephalothorax (head & chest region). • Carapace, exoskeleton that covers the head & thorax. • Head contains two pairs of eyes, two pair of antennae, & special mouth parts. • Thorax contains five pairs of legs; decapods (“ten legs”). - First pair are claws used for food-getting. - Other four pairs are walking legs. Crustaceans Crustacean Features. Abdomen (includes the tail). • Some crustaceans have paddlelike appendages (swimmerets) Crustaceans How does a crustacean grow, if it is encased in a rigid exoskeleton? By a process called molting. • Secretes a new exoskeleton inside the old one, which splits. • Pushes body through gap between the thorax & abdomen. • Soft new exoskeleton gradually hardens. - Vulnerable to predators. https://www.shapeoflife.org/video/arthropods-blue-crab-molting Crustaceans The Lobster • Two common species: - Northern lobster (Homarus americas); has two large claws - Spiny lobster (Panulirus argus); lacks the large claws Crustaceans The Lobster • Aggressive & often fight among themselves. • Ability to sacrifice body part as a survival adaptation. - Escape predators by releasing its arm from its socket. - Arthropods can regenerate appendages. - Regeneration is of great interest to medical scientists, attempting limb regeneration in humans. Crustaceans Lobster Life Function Group Research Instructions: • In your science notebook draw the table below. • Each member of your group is responsible for their life function. (e.g. seated front right = nervous system) • Use the textbook/internet to research your life function providing at least 4 pieces of information for each. • Share with group once complete. Digestive System Nervous System Circulatory System Reproduction Crustaceans The Lobster Digestive System: Nervous System: Predators that feed on other invertebrates. Eyes mounted on moveable stalks. Scavengers that feed on dead remains. Two pairs of antennae to actively feel out One-way digestive tract. environment. Impulses carried by sensory nerves in the brain, or cerebral ganglia. Responses sent by brain via ventral nerve cord to muscles in legs & abdomen. Circulatory System: Reproduction: Uses gills (featherlike structures) located Sexual within water filled chamber within carapace. Internal fertilization & external development. Rapid beating of mouthparts creates current Male deposits sperm into female abdomen. over gills. Stored in chamber called seminal receptacle. Oxygen diffuses into gills & is transported via Female carries large mass of fertilized eggs blood along with nutrients. (nearly a year) attached to swimmerets. Blood is blue due to pigment, hemocyanin, As larva, embryos float as part of the contains copper that binds to oxygen. plankton population. Blood pumped by a one-chambered heart As they grow they molt & develop into adults. through arteries & veins. Open circulatory system, blood passes through tissue spaces, no capillaries. Crustaceans Complete the following pertaining to lobsters. • Read pgs. 244-249 in the textbook. • Complete the following section review questions in your “Section Review” worksheet. 1) How can an arthropod grow if it is enclosed in an exoskeleton? 2) How does a lobster carry out the life activity of breathing? 3) Explain why some lobsters may have one claw that is larger than the other claw. Crustaceans Why do these crabs look very different from one another? • A great diversity exists among them due to the fact that crabs have successfully adapted to these many different habitats. - Live everywhere, on land & in the sea; from the surface waters to the great depths. Crustaceans Grab a copy of the “Present a Crab” research worksheet. Instructions: • Read through the section “What Are the Characteristics & Adaptations of Crabs?” • Your group will conduct research on the assigned crab species; completing the worksheet. - Fiddler = A & E - Spider = C & G - Mole = B & F - Hermit = D & H Note: The “Present a Crab” research worksheet can be located on the Marine Science webpage @ link: https://www.steilacoom.k12.wa.us/Page/6828 Crustaceans Structures & Life Activities of Crabs • Read through pgs. 251-252 & answer the following in your ISN. What is the basic body structure of most crabs? How can you tell the difference in their sexes? Describe the basic digestive system. How does this compare to other crustaceans? How do crabs reproduce? How does this compare to the lobster? Crustaceans Complete the following pertaining to crabs. • Read pgs. 249-253 in the textbook. • Complete the following section review questions in your “Section Review” worksheet. 1) How is the mole crab adapted to live in the turbulent surf zone? 2) Why does the hermit crab live inside an empty snail shell? 3) Why do crab species look very different from one another? Assessment MSS8-3.10 Crustaceans • Grab a sheet of paper. • Answer the following questions. 1) What is the process that allows crustaceans to grow called? 2) What is the part of the exoskeleton that covers the cephalothorax of the lobster called? 3) Arthropods are characterized by their jointed appendages & exoskeletons composed of _______________ . Entry Task(s) What is the characteristic feature that makes crabs an arthropod? • Jointed appendages Based on the shape of the appendages of the crab shown, how would you describe its mode of locomotion? • Swimming & walking Graphic Organizer Shrimp & Other Smaller Crustaceans Graphic Organizer Instructions: • Read through the introduction to the graphic organizer. • Using pgs. 253-255 of the textbook, fill in the graphic organizer with crustacean information. Note: The “Shrimp & Other Smaller Crustaceans ” graphic organizer can be located on the Marine Science webpage @ link: https://www.steilacoom.k12.wa.us/Page/6828 Entry Task(s) What is the function of the structure labeled A? • Sensitivity What abdominal structures are not shared between lobsters & crabs? • Swimmerets Crustaceans Shrimp • Look somewhat like small versions of lobsters. Pink Gulf Shrimp (Panaeus duorarum) • 17 cm long. • Caught for the seafood industry. Common Shore Shrimp (Palaemonetes vulgaris) • Live among grasses & seaweed. • Scavenges on dead plant matter & other organic debris. Crustaceans Shrimp Mantis Shrimp (Squilla empusa) • Largest of the shrimp, 25 cm long. • Burrows in sand & mud. • Uses spiny front appendages to spear worms & small fish. Pacific Cleaner Shrimp (Lysmata amboinensis) • One of the smallest shrimp. • Tiny & colorful. • Survives by eating parasites found on the skin of reef shrimp. - Symbiotic relationship Crustaceans Copepods (Calanus) • Most abundant of the crustaceans (> 1000 species). • Eats mainly diatoms. • Forms the vast bulk of the oceanic food chain. • Reproduce sexually. Krill (Euphausia) • Shrimplike animal, 5 cm long. • 10 legs. • Most live in Antarctic waters • Eats diatoms. • Planktonic animals that floats in large masses near the ocean’s surface. • Principle food source of filter-feeding (baleen) whales. Crustaceans Amphipods • Found near the edge of the sea, living in or on a substrate. • Look like tiny shrimp, but flattened from side to side. Scud (Gammarus) • Bottom-dwelling crustacean.
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