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Acacia Terminalis Subsp National Recovery Plan Acacia terminalis subsp. terminalis (Sunshine Wattle) Authors: Martin Bremner and Ann Goeth April 2010 © Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW), 2010 This work is copyright. However, material presented in this plan may be copied for personal use or published for educational purposes, providing that any extracts are fully acknowledged. Apart from this and any other use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced without prior written permission from the Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW). Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW) 59-61 Goulburn Street (PO Box A290) Sydney South NSW 1232 Phone: (02) 9995 5000 (switchboard) Phone: 131 555 (information & publications requests) TTY: (02) 9211 4723 Fax: (02) 9995 5999 Email: [email protected] Website: www.environment.nsw.gov.au Note: This recovery plan sets out the actions necessary to stop the decline of, and support the recovery of, the listed threatened subspecies. The plan has been developed with the involvement and cooperation of a broad range of stakeholders, but individual stakeholders have not necessarily committed to undertaking specific actions. The attainment of objectives and the provision of funds may be subject to budgetary and other constraints affecting the parties involved. Proposed actions may be subject to modification over the life of the plan due to changes in knowledge. Requests for information or comments regarding the recovery program for Acacia terminalis subsp. terminalis are best directed to: The Acacia terminalis subsp. terminalis Recovery Plan Coordinator Biodiversity Conservation Section, Metro Branch Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW) PO Box 1967 Hurstville NSW 2220 Phone: 02 9585 6678 Cover photo: Martin Bremner This plan should be cited as follows: Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW) (2010), Recovery Plan for Acacia terminalis terminalis (Sunshine Wattle), Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW), Sydney. ISBN 978 1 74122 369 9 DECCW 2006/627 Printed on recycled paper Recovery Plan The Sunshine Wattle Draft Recovery Plan for the Sunshine Wattle (Acacia terminalis subsp. terminalis) Foreword This document constitutes the formal National and NSW State Recovery Plan for Acacia terminalis terminalis, an endangered subspecies of the Sunshine Wattle (Acacia terminalis). It considers the conservation requirements of the subspecies across its known range, and identifies the actions to be taken to ensure the long-term viability of the Sunshine Wattle in nature and the parties who will undertake these actions. Acacia terminalis terminalis is listed as endangered on the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, and endangered on the NSW Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995. It is an erect or spreading shrub, 1-5 metres tall, with a very limited distribution that extends for approximately 23 km from the northern shores of Sydney Harbour to Botany Bay, in the local government areas of Manly, Mosman, Woollahra, Waverley, Randwick, and Rockdale. The overall objective of this recovery plan is to ensure the long-term survival of the subspecies in the wild by promoting in situ conservation. The recovery actions detailed in this plan include: to identify and manage the threats operating at sites that contain the subspecies; to increase the legislative protection afforded to the subspecies at all sites; to conduct surveys and research that will assist with the management of the subspecies; and to raise awareness about the threats to the subspecies and involve the community in the recovery program. It is intended that the recovery plan will be implemented over a five year period. The actions in this plan will primarily be undertaken by the Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water. LISA CORBYN Director-General Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW) Page i Recovery Plan The Sunshine Wattle Acknowledgments The DECCW wishes to acknowledge the following individuals, and their respective organisations for their contributions to the development of this recovery plan: Danny Hirschfeld, Randwick City Council Phillip Kodela, Royal Botanic Gardens Teresa James, Consultant Salli Felton, Sydney Water Peter Jensen, Sydney Harbour Federation Trust Melanie Tyas and Dominic Adshead, Harbour North Area, NPWS Paul Ibbetsen, Harbour South Area, NPWS Jeff Hill, Woollahra Council Steven Smith, Mosman Council Marion Westmacott, Botanical Illustrator Annette Wilson, Australian Biological Resources Study Page ii Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW) Recovery Plan The Sunshine Wattle TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD ...............................................................................................................................................................I ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......................................................................................................................................... II 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 1 2 LEGISLATIVE CONTEXT ............................................................................................................................. 1 2.1 LEGAL STATUS ........................................................................................................................................ 1 2.2 RESPONSIBILITIES UNDER THE THREATENED SPECIES CONSERVATION ACT 1995................................... 1 2.3 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION AND BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 ......................................... 2 3 DESCRIPTION AND TAXONOMY............................................................................................................... 2 3.1 DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................................................................... 2 3.2 TAXONOMY............................................................................................................................................. 2 4 DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT................................................................................................................... 3 4.1 CURRENT DISTRIBUTION ......................................................................................................................... 3 4.2 HISTORICAL DISTRIBUTION ..................................................................................................................... 3 4.3 POPULATION SIZE.................................................................................................................................... 3 4.4 LAND TENURE AND ZONING .................................................................................................................... 5 4.5 HABITAT ................................................................................................................................................. 5 4.5.1 Landform, Climate, Geology and Soils....................................................................................... 5 4.5.2 Associated Vegetation................................................................................................................. 6 5 BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY ........................................................................................................................... 8 5.1 HABIT AND LIFE CYCLE ........................................................................................................................... 8 5.2 POLLINATION, FLOWERING AND SEED PRODUCTION ................................................................................ 8 5.3 SEED DISPERSAL AND SEED BANK DYNAMICS.......................................................................................... 8 5.4 DISTURBANCE ECOLOGY ......................................................................................................................... 9 6 THREATS AND MANAGEMENT ISSUES OR MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS........................ 9 6.1 CURRENT THREATS ................................................................................................................................. 9 6.1.1 Habitat loss and fragmentation ..................................................................................................9 6.1.2 Weed invasion.......................................................................................................................... 10 6.1.3 Dieback from Phytophthora cinnamomi................................................................................... 10 6.1.4 Access & visitation issues ........................................................................................................ 11 6.1.5 Fire and other disturbance ....................................................................................................... 11 6.1.6 European rabbits ...................................................................................................................... 11 6.1.7 Hybridisation ............................................................................................................................ 12 6.2 LIMITS TO CURRENT KNOWLEDGE ......................................................................................................... 12 6.3 TRANSLOCATION AND EX SITU CONSERVATION....................................................................................
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