• Original Articles Body Mass Index of Masters Basketball Players Bo
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Medicina Sportiva (2011), vol VII, no 4, 1700 - 1705 Medicina Sportiva (2011), vol VII, no 4, 1700 - 1705 Romanian Sports Medicine Society Romanian Sports Medicine Society 1700 1700 • Original Articles • Original Articles Body mass index of masters basketball players Body mass index of masters basketball players Joe Walsh1, Mike Climstein2, Ian Timothy Heazlewood3, Mark DeBeliso4, Kent Adams5, Stephen Joe Walsh1, Mike Climstein2, Ian Timothy Heazlewood3, Mark DeBeliso4, Kent Adams5, Stephen Burke6, Jyrki Kettunen6 Burke6, Jyrki Kettunen6 1School of Exercise Science, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia 1School of Exercise Science, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia 2Bond University, Faculty of Health Science and Medicine, Queensland, Australia 2Bond University, Faculty of Health Science and Medicine, Queensland, Australia 3School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty Education, Health and Science, Charles Darwin 3School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty Education, Health and Science, Charles Darwin University, Australia University, Australia 4Department of Physical Education and Human Performance, Southern Utah University, Utah, USA 4Department of Physical Education and Human Performance, Southern Utah University, Utah, USA 5California State University Monterey Bay, Kinesiology Department, USA 5California State University Monterey Bay, Kinesiology Department, USA 6Arcada University of Applied Sciences, Helsinki, Finland 6Arcada University of Applied Sciences, Helsinki, Finland Abstract. Aim and Scope: Thousands of masters athletes participate quadrennially in the World Masters Games Abstract. Aim and Scope: Thousands of masters athletes participate quadrennially in the World Masters Games (WMG). However, this unique cohort remains under investigated. With a need for multifaceted solutions to the global (WMG). However, this unique cohort remains under investigated. With a need for multifaceted solutions to the global obesity epidemic, investigating special populations such as those competing in sport at mature-older ages may further obesity epidemic, investigating special populations such as those competing in sport at mature-older ages may further the understanding of the nexus between aging, physical activity and obesity. The aim of this cross-sectional the understanding of the nexus between aging, physical activity and obesity. The aim of this cross-sectional comparative study was to investigate body mass index (BMI) within the WMG competitors in context with national comparative study was to investigate body mass index (BMI) within the WMG competitors in context with national populations and health guidelines. We hypothesized that the prevalence of obesity in the WMG cohort would be less populations and health guidelines. We hypothesized that the prevalence of obesity in the WMG cohort would be less than comparative national populations and males would demonstrate a higher level of obesity than females. Methods: A than comparative national populations and males would demonstrate a higher level of obesity than females. Methods: A total of 408 (44.1% male, 55.9% female) WMG basketball players aged 29-77yrs (mean 52.2, SD ± 8.0) were total of 408 (44.1% male, 55.9% female) WMG basketball players aged 29-77yrs (mean 52.2, SD ± 8.0) were investigated via an online survey and compared to national populations, primarily a representative sample (n=12,366, investigated via an online survey and compared to national populations, primarily a representative sample (n=12,366, 47.5% male, 52.5% female) of the Australian population (aged 30-79yrs). Results: Analysis demonstrated a 47.5% male, 52.5% female) of the Australian population (aged 30-79yrs). Results: Analysis demonstrated a significantly (p<0.001) reduced classification of obesity in masters basketball players, compared to Australian and other significantly (p<0.001) reduced classification of obesity in masters basketball players, compared to Australian and other national populations. As expected, male basketball players had , on average, higher BMI than females (p<0.001). national populations. As expected, male basketball players had , on average, higher BMI than females (p<0.001). Conclusions: This study indicated that one key index of health, namely obesity, was on average far lower in WMG Conclusions: This study indicated that one key index of health, namely obesity, was on average far lower in WMG basketball players compared to a representative sample of population controls. This finding may indicate a lower risk basketball players compared to a representative sample of population controls. This finding may indicate a lower risk for many diseases such as type 2 diabetes or heart diseases in masters basketball players and the selection of a sport that for many diseases such as type 2 diabetes or heart diseases in masters basketball players and the selection of a sport that induces positive health related fitness for both male and female masters athletes. induces positive health related fitness for both male and female masters athletes. Keywords: Quetelet Index, sports, exercise. Keywords: Quetelet Index, sports, exercise. Introduction Introduction In 2009, the Sydney World Masters Games measures of health. In 2009, the Sydney World Masters Games measures of health. (WMG) attracted 28,089 competitors across 28 Regular exercise across the lifespan is beneficial (WMG) attracted 28,089 competitors across 28 Regular exercise across the lifespan is beneficial sports (1).. Recognized by the International for improved health and decreased prevalence of sports (1).. Recognized by the International for improved health and decreased prevalence of Olympic Committee, it is the largest international various diseases and disorders (8-10). Masters Olympic Committee, it is the largest international various diseases and disorders (8-10). Masters sporting competition in terms of participant athletes may display an age-related increase to the sporting competition in terms of participant athletes may display an age-related increase to the numbers. Previous research on the WMG athletes range of pathologies present in this population as numbers. Previous research on the WMG athletes range of pathologies present in this population as has examined injury incidence in the lead up to well as age-related physiological changes (9, 11, has examined injury incidence in the lead up to well as age-related physiological changes (9, 11, the tournament (2), motivations for competition 12). These changes, may attribute to reduced the tournament (2), motivations for competition 12). These changes, may attribute to reduced (3-4), as well as the health of North American physical activity, reduced metabolism and thus (3-4), as well as the health of North American physical activity, reduced metabolism and thus competitors(5). Provisional analysis of BMI of altered body mass index (BMI) (13). competitors(5). Provisional analysis of BMI of altered body mass index (BMI) (13). athletes (6-7) has shown promising trends. Excess body mass is associated with increased athletes (6-7) has shown promising trends. Excess body mass is associated with increased Despite promising provisional research findings, risk of conditions such as type 2 diabetes, Despite promising provisional research findings, risk of conditions such as type 2 diabetes, this cohort of middle to older-aged adults remains cardiovascular disease, hypertension and this cohort of middle to older-aged adults remains cardiovascular disease, hypertension and Under investigated with regards to various dyslipidemia, as well as certain cancers (14). Under investigated with regards to various dyslipidemia, as well as certain cancers (14). Body mass index of masters basketball players Body mass index of masters basketball players Joe Walsh & all Joe Walsh & all 1701 1701 In 2008, globally 1.5 billion adults over the age of additional insight into the scope of and nature of In 2008, globally 1.5 billion adults over the age of additional insight into the scope of and nature of 20 were overweight, with 200 million of these the solutions for the BMI epidemic by 20 were overweight, with 200 million of these the solutions for the BMI epidemic by men and 300 million of these women being consideration of special populations such as those men and 300 million of these women being consideration of special populations such as those classified as obese (15). that exercise competitively in later life. classified as obese (15). that exercise competitively in later life. The problem is particularly relevant for the It was considered that due to the possibility that The problem is particularly relevant for the It was considered that due to the possibility that Australian population, as the proportion of there may be some competitive advantage from Australian population, as the proportion of there may be some competitive advantage from Australians classified as overweight or obese has increased height in basketball, this may be Australians classified as overweight or obese has increased height in basketball, this may be been progressively increasing (16). In 2007-2008, associated with reduction in the BMI of those been progressively increasing (16). In 2007-2008, associated with reduction in the BMI of those a greater percentage of males were classified by athletes who are competitive in these sports at the a greater percentage of males were classified by athletes who are competitive in these sports at the the Australian Bureau of Statistics