E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 116 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION

Vol. 166 WASHINGTON, WEDNESDAY, JULY 1, 2020 No. 121 Senate The Senate met at 9:30 a.m. and was This sort of movement by Russia, if RECOGNITION OF THE MAJORITY called to order by the President pro it is proven—and there are a lot who LEADER tempore (Mr. GRASSLEY). believe with Russia it is possible—it The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ma- f demands a strong response. And I don’t jority leader is recognized. mean a diplomatic response. PRAYER f We have had previous things like this The Chaplain, Dr. Barry C. Black, of- happen with Russia. President Bush PROTESTS fered the following prayer: tried playing nice with Russia, then Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, Let us pray. talking tough when Putin showed his I had planned to speak first today Mighty God, You are the strength of true nature. about the NDAA. I had planned to dis- our lives, our safe fortress, and our cuss our work to ensure American serv- shelter from life’s storms. During this President Obama repeated this icemembers can protect our Nation and season of a raging tempest, speak Your cycle—you know the word—‘‘resetting’’ secure peace for the United States. peace to our Senators. Remind them relations, despite Russia having just occupied parts of our ally Georgia, and Unfortunately, the inexplicable pas- that You continue to rule Your uni- sivity and weakness of local leaders in verse through the unfolding of Your then switching gears when Russia in- vaded Ukraine. our own country has denied some citi- prevailing providence, and that Your zens peace and security right here at truth continues to march on in our Na- Putin is a KGB guy who understands only strength. His popularity has home. tion and world. Here we are in Congress, equipping Lord, prosper the works of the hands taken a hit lately. It makes him very unpredictable. That may be why he is our Armed Forces to protect the home- of our legislators as they strive to glo- land. Yet some local leaders have ap- rify You with their thoughts, words, doing these things, even though Russia has a reputation for doing them all the parently felt it would be too politically and actions. incorrect to do their jobs and keep the May faith replace fear, truth defeat time. peace. falsehood, justice triumph over greed, So we need to increase deterrence on It has now been 22 days since radical and love prevail over hate. NATO’s eastern flank. We should also demonstrators seized control of several We pray in Your great Name. Amen. hit back where it hurts. blocks of downtown Seattle, drove the f Dictators like Putin fear their own police out of a precinct, and declared PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE people—and, of course, for good reason. an autonomous zone, which the mob Putin and his cronies have enriched The President pro tempore led the itself would rule. themselves at the expense of ordinary It is worth pausing to consider how Pledge of Allegiance, as follows: Russians. I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the the mainstream media and leading United States of America, and to the Repub- This week Russia is having a ref- Democrats might have reacted if tea lic for which it stands, one nation under God, erendum on waiving term limits, al- party protesters in 2009 had forcibly indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. lowing Putin to stay in power when his created a breakaway zone within a The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mrs. term is up. Of course, Russia will prob- major city and barred the actual au- BLACKBURN). The Senator from Iowa. ably be conducting a rigged election. thorities from entering. Somehow I am Mr. GRASSLEY. Madam President, I We should point out to the Russian skeptical the press would have bent ask unanimous consent to speak for 1 people that they don’t have to accept over backward to find a sympathetic minute in morning business. that. light. Somehow I doubt these same The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without I yield the floor. politicians would have felt compelled objection, it is so ordered. I suggest the absence of a quorum. to curry favor with the occupiers or flirt with their demands. f The PRESIDING OFFICER. The But we are talking about the Amer- clerk will call the roll. RUSSIA ican left in 2020. So, instead, what we Mr. GRASSLEY. Madam President, if The legislative clerk proceeded to get is a major newspaper lavishing reports are true that Russia has been call the roll. praise—praise—on the ‘‘liberated paying a bounty to the Taliban to kill Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, streets’’ and a mayor and local govern- American soldiers, this is a very seri- I ask unanimous consent that the order ment that have expressly declined to ous escalation of what Russia expert for the quorum call be rescinded. restore order and the equal protection Edward Lucas dubbed ‘‘The New Cold The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without of the law. War.’’ Mr. Lucas said that back in 2008. objection, it is so ordered. The mob has gotten its way.

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor.

S4083

.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.000 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4084 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 There have been numerous shootings China is not our only adversary occu- tation and Infrastructure Committee in this lawless place. About a week pying the spotlight. Recent days have said so. He said: ‘‘This is the applica- ago, a 19-year-old was shot and killed. intensified questions about Russia’s tion of the principles of the Green New Last weekend, after yet another shoot- negative role in the Middle East. Deal.’’ And he is right, because here ing, a 16-year-old is dead and a 14-year- I have long warned that Russia and are the four pillars of the Green New old was injured. Some reports suggest other adversaries will exploit any Deal: No. 1, spend an insane amount of these two boys were shot by a self-ap- American passivity or retreat from money; No. 2, check every far-left ideo- pointed security squad. These are mis- this important region. Whether in logical box; No. 3, propose bad policies; cellaneous citizens who roam the area Syria or Afghanistan, the question is and No. 4, forget about making law with guns drawn after the occupiers whether we will stand our ground and from the very beginning so you can leg- drove the real police out. exert our influence or allow Iran, Rus- islate in a world of pure fantasy—pure We are talking about Seattle, WA, in sia, and terrorists to literally push us fantasy. Check, check, check, and the United States of America? out of the region. check. The rule of law cannot fade in and Sadly, as the Senate turns to the This so-called infrastructure bill out with the fashions of the radical NDAA, the need to continue making would siphon billions in funding from left. No leaders should have sacrificed swift progress on our national defense actual infrastructure to funnel into cli- small businesses to riots and mobs a strategy is staring us plain in the face. mate change policy. By putting a huge few weeks back, and no leader should Fortunately, Chairman INHOFE, Rank- thumb on the scale for mass transit let threats or leftwing jargon persuade ing Member REED, and our colleagues and electric vehicles, it revises the old them to tolerate occupations for weeks on the Armed Services Committee have Obama-Biden focus on disproportion- on end. put forward a bill that rises to the ately helping major metro areas, leav- I understand that, just this morning, challenge. ing less for the rest of our country. No Seattle’s mayor finally—finally—re- The bill establishes the Pacific De- wonder it came out of committee in leased a new order that at last empow- terrence Initiative. It lays out a clear the House on a purely bipartisan vote. ered police to bring an end to this. So vision for making our Pacific joint No wonder the White House declared it let’s hope the rule of law finally—fi- force more adaptable and our commit- not a serious proposal and made it nally—prevails. ments to regional partners more fea- clear this will never become law. f sible, smarter basing for forward-de- Naturally, this nonsense is not going ployed Americans, more supplies and NATIONAL DEFENSE anywhere in the Senate. It will just equipment prepositioned. join the list of absurd House proposals AUTHORIZATION ACT It will encourage more streamlined that were only drawn up to show fealty Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, technology so that, from weapons plat- to the radical left. Here in the Senate, on an entirely different matter, the forms to information security, America we will keep at the serious work of our Senate has indeed turned to what will and its allies in China’s backyard stand Nation. be the 60th annual National Defense ready to counter aggression together. Authorization Act. If you look at the This NDAA authorizes full funding f world news, it would appear we have for the European Deterrence Initiative, RESERVATION OF LEADER TIME done so not a moment too soon. doubling down on our NATO alliances The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under After months of threats, President Xi as we check the worst impulses of the previous order, the leadership time and the Chinese Communist Party fi- Putin’s Russia. The bill will further is reserved. nally delivered the punch in the mouth limit the information Putin gets per- to the city of Hong Kong that they are taining to missile defense, bring more f calling a ‘‘national security law.’’ As I focus on tracking Russian support for CONCLUSION OF MORNING and others have warned for months, it terrorist proxies and despotic regimes, BUSINESS tramples all over the freedoms and au- and renew our commitment to have The PRESIDING OFFICER. Morning tonomy that have set Hong Kong apart. U.S. forces support, train, and keep business is closed. Today marks the 23rd anniversary of watch alongside our partners. f Hong Kong’s handover from the United But it isn’t enough to check our ad- Kingdom. Normally this anniversary versaries today. We also need to outrun LEGISLATIVE SESSION would have occasioned peaceful dem- them toward the future. So this legis- onstration. Instead, the new law has lation will also support critical re- NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZA- brought scores of arrests and boasts serves to help us secure a decisive edge TION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR from local authorities about how many in everything from hypersonic weapons 2021—Resumed peaceful demonstrators they have to 5G communications. jailed, new harsh penalties for Threats to our Nation are pulling The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under Hongkongers for new and vague of- American servicemembers in all direc- the previous order, the Senate will re- fenses, and new authority from Beijing tions. Fortunately, this NDAA has all sume consideration of S. 4049, which to intervene at will. of their backs. the clerk will report. It appears to directly—directly—vio- f The legislative clerk read the fol- late China’s international promises and lowing: effectively end the ‘‘one country, two INFRASTRUCTURE A bill (S. 4049) to authorize appropriations systems’’ policy. Mr. MCCONNELL. Madam President, for fiscal year 2021 for military activities of I have discussed at some length the on one final matter, while the Senate the Department of Defense, for military con- specific consequences China will face maintains the serious approach that struction, and for defense activities of the for this. I will continue to discuss them builds bipartisan successes like the Department of Energy, to prescribe military personnel strengths for such fiscal year, and in the future. CARES Act and the Great American for other purposes. This same week, we received new Outdoors Act, the House Democrats ap- Pending: confirmation that China’s ethnic pear addicted to pointless political the- cleansing campaign against the Uighur Inhofe amendment No. 2301, in the nature ater. of a substitute. people in Xinjiang includes forced Well, our absentee neighbors have fi- McConnell (for Portman) amendment No. abortions, forced birth control, and nally arrived back in the Capitol, and 2080 (to amendment No. 2301), to require an State-enforced sterilizations on a sys- they have wasted no time resuming old element in annual reports on cyber science tematic scale. tricks. The Speaker has chosen to and technology activities on work with aca- All of this is in addition to the inter- spend the House’s time this week on a demic consortia on high priority cybersecu- national provocation that China has multithousand-page cousin of the rity research activities in Department of De- only stepped up during this pandemic— Green New Deal masquerading as a fense capabilities. which they helped worsen—against highway bill. RECOGNITION OF THE MINORITY LEADER Taiwan, against India, against the You don’t have to take my word for The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Philippines, and so on. it; the chair of the House Transpor- Democratic leader is recognized.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.002 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4085 AMERICAN WORKFORCE RESCUE ACT and impossible—impossible—to ex- small business owners. More than Mr. SCHUMER. Madam President, plain. 200,000 DACA recipients are currently this morning, I have come to the floor We have other deadlines before us, ‘‘essential critical infrastructure work- with Senators WYDEN and BENNET to not just the PPP. Today is July 1. With ers.’’ That is not my term. It is the talk about a really bold new idea to ex- the first of the month comes a new way President Trump’s Department of tend enhanced unemployment assist- rent payment for millions of American Homeland Security describes the work ance for as long as economic conditions families who have lost their jobs of these DACA recipients now—200,000 in the country warrant it. I will speak through no fault of their own. Senate of them ‘‘essential critical infrastruc- about that legislation more in a mo- Democrats, led by Ranking Member ture workers.’’ Among those DACA re- ment, but first, two other issues. SHERROD BROWN, are going to ask the cipients, 41,700 of them are in the S. 4049 Senate to pass rental assistance and an healthcare industry. This includes doc- Madam President, first, last night extension on the moratorium on evic- tors, intensive care nurses, paramedics, President Trump threatened to veto tions. Will Senate Republicans agree to and respiratory therapists. They are the National Defense Authorization our request or leave millions of renters the healthcare heroes we salute, and at Act—the bill on the floor this week— out in the cold? the same time, they are the DACA re- because it contains a provision to re- I would say to my Republican cipients this President loathes. name military bases named after Con- friends, let the extension of the PPP On September 5, 2017, President federate generals. program be a metaphor. Democrats are Trump repealed DACA. Hundreds of Let me make a prediction. First, that going to keep pressing for Senate ac- thousands of Dreamers faced losing provision will not change in this bill as tion on COVID–19-related issues. Let their work permits and faced being de- it moves through the House and Sen- the Republican response be quick and ported to countries many of them bare- ate. Second, let me predict that Presi- generous, not stingy and halting. Sen- ly remembered, if they remembered at dent Trump will not veto a bill that ate Republicans are going to have to all. Thankfully, the Supreme Court contains pay raises for our troops and respond one way or the other and ei- stepped in and rejected that strategy crucial support for our military. This ther support urgent and necessary by President Trump. is nothing but typical bluster from pieces of legislation or explain to their What was the President’s reaction? President Trump. The NDAA will pass, constituents why they are blocking To no surprise, the President re- and we will scrub from our military them. It would be far better to pass sponded by attacking the Court and bases the names of men who fought for these measures earlier rather than threatening to try to repeal DACA, the Confederacy and took up arms later and be more generous rather than even again, in the closing months of against our country. stingy. his first term. CORONAVIRUS (The remarks of Mr. SCHUMER, Mr. Congress must step in immediately. Madam President, on a second mat- WYDEN and Mr. BENNET pertaining to After that Supreme Court decision, ter, before I get to the main topic of the introduction of S. 4143 are printed President Trump tweeted, ‘‘I have this morning, all week, Democrats in today’s RECORD under ‘‘Statements wanted to take care of DACA recipi- have been trying to force action on the on Introduced Bills and Joint Resolu- ents better than the Do Nothing Demo- Senate floor to make progress on cru- tions.’’) crats, but for two years they refused to cial issues related to the COVID–19 The PRESIDING OFFICER. The negotiate.’’ pandemic. As Senate Republicans con- Democratic whip. Here is the reality. The President has tinue to mindlessly delay the next UNANIMOUS CONSENT REQUEST—H.R. 6 rejected numerous bipartisan proposals round of COVID–19 relief, we have tried Mr. DURBIN. Madam President, I to deal with DACA and the Dreamers. day after day to jolt the Senate into come to the floor this morning on an May I be specific? action. Last night, we made notable issue that is topical. It is an issue that, On February 15, 2018, the Senate con- progress. over the last several days, has become sidered bipartisan legislation that was In the late hours of last evening, we a national centerpiece of conversation. offered by Republican Senator MIKE were able to pass a monthlong exten- It reflects a decision of just a few ROUNDS and Independent Senator sion of the Payment Protection Pro- days ago by the Supreme Court that re- ANGUS KING—a bipartisan measure. gram, whose loan authority expired at jected President Trump’s efforts to re- The bill, which included a path to citi- midnight with over $130 billion left in peal deportation protections for zenship for Dreamers, was supported by the program. We had to force our Re- Dreamers—young immigrants who a bipartisan majority of the Senate. publican colleagues to act on this very came to the United States as children. Why did it fail to reach 60 votes? Be- simple and noncontroversial exten- In an opinion by Chief Justice John cause President Trump openly opposed sion—a date change—to help small Roberts, the Court held that the Presi- it. That is why. He said: I have a better businesses across America, particularly dent’s decision to rescind DACA, the idea. underserved businesses, minority- Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals On the same day that the Senate owned businesses that had trouble ac- Program, was ‘‘arbitrary and capri- voted on the President’s immigration cessing the PPP program in its early cious.’’ proposal, we found his so-called ‘‘better days. It was 10 years ago that I joined with idea’’ failed by a bipartisan super- Throughout the day, we heard, to our Republican Senator Dick Lugar, of In- majority of 39 to 60. surprise, that our Republican friends diana, on a bipartisan basis, to call on On June 4, 2019, the House of Rep- might block the legislation, but when President Obama and beg him to use resentatives passed H.R. 6—on June 4, the time came, Senator CARDIN’s con- his legal authority to protect Dreamers 2019, which was more than a year ago. sent request was agreed to. It certainly from deportation. President Obama re- H.R. 6, the Dream and Promise Act, is is something to celebrate, but I would sponded by creating the Deferred Ac- legislation that would give Dreamers a have hoped that our two parties could tion for Childhood Arrivals Program, path to citizenship, and it passed the have worked this out before last night known as DACA. It provided for House with a strong bipartisan vote. as a small part of much broader legisla- Dreamers temporary protection from The Dream and Promise Act has been tion to address the many challenges deportation—2 years at a time—if they pending in the Senate for more than a posed by COVID–19 rather than a con- registered with the government, paid year. I have come to the floor, day sent request forcing the Republicans to substantial fees, and passed criminal after day, and heard the Republican act. and national security background leader, Senator MCCONNELL, bemoan- But Senate Republicans, unfortu- checks. More than 800,000 Dreamers ing the fact that we are so busy here in nately, seem dead-set on delaying al- came forward and received DACA pro- the Senate and that the House just most any action on COVID–19 until tection. isn’t doing its work. Yet the House has after July, after they have had time, in DACA unleashed the full potential of sent some 400 pieces of legislation to the words of Leader MCCONNELL, ‘‘to these Dreamers, who are contributing Senator MCCONNELL’s desk—90 percent assess the conditions in the country.’’ to our Nation in a variety of ways—as of it bipartisan. He refuses to consider The obstruction is deeply regrettable soldiers, as teachers, as nurses, as it. He refuses to bring it to this empty

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.004 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4086 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 Senate floor so that we can do our our judicial process all the way to the bill is here. We know that the bill is work. One of those measures, sadly, is highest Court in the land, where the prepared and covers the areas that the Dream and Promise Act—the bill ruling was in favor of Cinthya and the would protect this young lady and so that would solve at least part of the DACA recipients who have this protec- many others and give them a future in immigration challenge we now face in tion. the United States of America. At this America. Last week, I sent a letter, In that year, did we step forward in point, it is really up to us. signed by all 47 Democratic Senators, the U.S. Senate—the so-called greatest Now, there may be an objection when calling on Senator MCCONNELL to im- deliberative body on Earth—to even de- I make this unanimous consent re- mediately schedule a vote after the Su- bate the bill that passed the House of quest. Listen carefully to the objec- preme Court decision. As of today, the Representatives? No. No, there was no tion. It has nothing to do with resolv- Senator has not replied. time for that. As you can see, we are so ing the issue before us—the issue of the Over the years, I have decided that busy here on the floor of the U.S. Sen- future of this young woman and thou- the only way to tell the story of the ate. sands of others just like her. Dreamers and the story of DACA is to There is so much more that we could But we are in a position at this mo- introduce them here in the Senate. I do here. Shouldn’t we start with the ment where we have to act. I am await- have asked them to come forward, if highest priority—protecting Americans ing the arrival of a Republican Mem- they wish, provide me with photo- in the midst of this pandemic? ber, who I hope is on the way, and so at graphs, and let me tell their stories. This woman, Cinthya Ramirez—un- this point I am going to suspend and This is the 124th story I am going to documented, protected by DACA—risks yield the floor with the hopes that we tell. It is the story of a remarkable her life every single day because of this can return to another colleague coming young woman named Cinthya Ramirez. pandemic. Can we risk ourselves politi- to the floor momentarily. Cinthya Ramirez came to the United cally for a minute in the Senate and I yield the floor. States from Mexico at the age of 4. She actually take up a measure that could I suggest the absence of a quorum. grew up in Nashville, TN. She wrote me have a direct impact on the lives of the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The a letter. Here is what she wrote about 800,000 DACA recipients and the thou- clerk will call the roll. growing up: sands of others who could have applied The senior assistant legislative clerk Moving to the United States gave me the for that protection during the months proceeded to call the roll. gift of education. I learned English by the that we have debated this in court? Mr. SCHUMER. Madam President, I first grade, and that is when I learned that I Sadly, we have been unable to do ask unanimous consent that the order loved school and I loved learning. that, and it is all because of a decision for the quorum call be rescinded. While in high school, Cinthya was on being made by the President of the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without the track team and was a student United States and by the Republican objection, it is so ordered. council representative and a great stu- majority leader, and it is a decision Mr. SCHUMER. Madam President, I dent. She graduated at the top of her which needs to be addressed directly. am here to urge my colleagues on the high school class with the highest hon- In a few moments, I am going to offer Republican side not to object—follow ors. Cinthya went to Lipscomb Univer- a unanimous consent request, when it last night’s example and allow this sity, which is a private Christian col- comes to moving this bill, that was simple, humane, and good-for-our-econ- lege in Nashville, and she graduated sent over by the House of Representa- omy amendment to go forward. with a nursing degree. Today, thanks tives more than a year ago. I am really First, I want to salute Senator DUR- to DACA, Cinthya works as a cardiac going to call the bluff of this President, BIN. There has been no voice—no voice registered nurse at Vanderbilt Univer- who asks: Why doesn’t Congress act? of any elected official whom I know sity Medical Center—the largest hos- Why don’t you come up with a bipar- who has had a stronger, longer, and pital in Nashville, TN. Cinthya is on tisan proposal? more passionate defense of the DACA the frontline of the COVID–19 pan- Mr. President, here is our chance. kids, many of whom are now adults. demic. Here is an opportunity. And he has pricked the conscience of Here is what she writes about this ex- We have a bill that has been sitting the Nation so that now the DACA kids perience: here for a year that would address and their families are, really, by most I am a very spiritual person, and I pray a Cinthya Ramirez’s future and the fu- Americans respected and by many lot. I remind myself that this is the job that ture of thousands of others. The ques- Americans just loved. I am one of those I was meant to have. If the time comes for tion is whether or not the Members on in the latter category. I love these kids patients to die and they cannot have their the other side of the aisle, on the Re- and their families. families with them, we have to be there for publican side of the aisle, will at least I have watched them, on the them. let us address this issue now. frontlines during the coronavirus crisis Cinthya’s greatest fear is that of Give us an opportunity to bring be- in New York, risk their lives, even bringing the coronavirus home to her fore the U.S. Senate a measure which though they are not allowed to be full family when she comes home after her is no surprise, nothing revolutionary or Americans, to help. nursing shifts at the hospital. new. It is a measure we have consid- Now we have an opportunity here to Here is what she writes: ered in various forms over the last 20 simply say: Stop harassing them. Let I take every precaution before entering the years, but it is a measure that would them do their jobs. Let them live their house. I take off my clothes, clean my phone, address this issue and do it in a lives. Let them be with their families go straight to the shower. The rest is in the thoughtful way. here in America so they can help us in hands of God. This is an opportunity which we our economy recover from COVID, as I thank Cinthya Ramirez—a DACA should seize. Wouldn’t it be remark- they have been doing, without looking recipient—for her service. She is an im- able, maybe a headliner, if the Senate over their shoulder and worrying about migrant healthcare hero. She is a actually did something—if we actually being deported or having one of their DACA healthcare hero. She is putting took an issue of the day that affected family members being deported every 5 herself and her family at risk to save real people, real lives, in the middle of minutes. the lives of others. She should also not this coronavirus epidemic and actually It is such an important amendment. have to wake up every morning in fear decided that this young woman and It is so good for the country. The idea that actions taken by the Trump ad- thousands like her were worth the ef- that immigrants are bad for America, ministration will lead to her being de- fort? that DACA kids are bad for America, is ported back to a country she can bare- I think America would be shocked a regressive, nativist, and often bigoted ly, if at all, remember. that this U.S. Senate responded that idea that some use for political pur- This is a classic example of this de- way, and don’t tell me we have better poses, but nothing, nothing, nothing bate and what it is about—and to think things to do. I am all for doing the could be further from the truth. that, in a year, we have not even taken military authorization bill. We can get So I urge my colleagues not to object up this issue that was sent to us by the that done and be back in 2 weeks and to Senator DURBIN’s fine amendment to House while it winds its way through take this up immediately. We know the help America live up to its ideals and

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.007 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4087 its dreams. That lady in the harbor in diploma or equivalent, or are currently Put it through an amendment process the city in which I live—‘‘Give me your in the process of doing that. She is a on the floor. I have lived through that poor, your tired, your huddled masses graduate of Lipscomb University with before. It actually would resemble the yearning to breathe free’’—that has a degree in nursing. U.S. Senate, which many people re- been part of the American fabric for They must pass government and member from the history books, where centuries. background security checks, submit bi- people actually came to deliberate and This is a chance to bring us back to ometric and biographic data, dem- vote on amendments. That is all we are that fabric, that wonderful fabric that onstrate good character with no felo- asking for. Bring this under unanimous has been so good for our country for nies, misdemeanor offenses of domestic consent to the floor. Let’s do it. The those centuries. violence, or multiple misdemeanor con- President has challenged us. I yield the floor. victions, and they must register for the I am going to make a unanimous con- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Selective Service, if applicable—she sent request. I see the Senator from ator from Illinois. has already met all these standards by Texas is on the floor here, and I want Mr. DURBIN. Madam President, I the examination she has been put to make sure I get the right copy. Here want to thank my colleague and friend through for DACA—and, of course, pay it is. Senator SCHUMER. We have been fight- their application fee. Madam President, I ask unanimous ing this battle for a long time, Senator. DACA recipients and other DACA-eli- consent that the Senate proceed to the Eight of us who came, four Demo- gible Dreamers who still meet the re- immediate consideration of Calendar crats and four Republicans, put to- quirements needed to obtain DACA No. 112, H.R. 6, the American Dream gether a comprehensive immigration would automatically qualify for condi- and Promise Act; further, that the bill reform bill which should have passed 7 tional permanent resident status. be considered read a third time and years ago—68 votes on the floor of the When the President ended DACA in passed; that the motion to reconsider U.S. Senate. It was a bipartisan meas- September of 2017, we stopped accept- be considered made and laid upon the ure, which we joined with Senator ing applications from those who were table with no intervening action or de- McCain to put together to bring to the eligible. Now these young people would bate. floor. have the chance, if they meet the re- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there I thank you for your heartfelt com- quirements and the test that is re- objection? ments. quired of them. The Senator from Texas. Mr. CRUZ. Madam President, reserv- I am going to speak a little longer They must complete one of three ing the right to object. and make a unanimous consent re- tracks: graduate from college or uni- versity or complete at least 2 years of You know, someone watching this at quest. home might think that Senate Demo- This measure I am asking for unani- a bachelor’s or higher degree program in the United States; complete at least crats want to actually enact amnesty mous consent on, the American Dream for the so-called DACA recipients. Of and Promise Act, was introduced by 2 years of honorable military service or have worked for a period totaling at course, they could have done so earlier. Representative LUCILLE ROYBAL- least 3 years while having valid em- President Trump offered Senate ALLARD, Democrat of California, on ployment authorization; maintain con- Democrats a deal that would have March 12, 2019, with 202 original co- tinuous residence in the country; dem- granted permanent amnesty for all the sponsors. DACA recipients, and the Democrats It would provide Dreamers, tem- onstrate an ability to read, write, speak English; understand American turned it down. They didn’t want the porary protected status recipients, and history, principles, and form of govern- deal. They hoped, instead, to have an individuals with deferred enforcement ment. issue in November. departure with protection from depor- It is a high standard, but it is one You know, we are right now in a time tation and an opportunity to obtain they are prepared to meet and they of crisis in our country. We have a permanent legal status in the United should meet to become part of Amer- global pandemic, and we have 44 mil- States if they meet certain require- ica’s future. lion Americans out of work. This is, on ments. How important are they? Well, they the economic side, the greatest crisis It passed the House of Representa- are extremely important in every sin- our country has seen since the Great tives 237 to 187—7 Republicans joined gle State. We know that there are some Depression. the 230 Democrats who were present to 780,000 DACA recipients across the Yet what we are seeing in the Senate support the legislation. United States. There are 109,000 of is a continuation of something we have Protections in the American Dream them in the State of Texas—109,000. seen for several years, which is that to- and Promise Act would allow nearly The average age of arrival for them is day’s Democratic Party doesn’t value 700,000 DACA recipients, as well as an- 7. They came here as kids. Their an- working men and women—American other 1.6 million eligible Dreamers nual tax contributions are in the mil- working men and women. brought to the United States as chil- lions. I could read the numbers. Last week, we saw a decision from dren to stay in our country legally. In the State of Texas, there are 30,000 the Supreme Court of the United The bill’s protections would also of these DACA recipients who have States on amnesty. It was a particu- allow over 300,000 temporary protected been characterized by the Trump ad- larly disgraceful opinion. Unfortu- status holders and 3,600 individuals ministration as essential workers— nately, it was authored by Chief Jus- that I described earlier with the same 30,000—4,300 DACA healthcare workers tice Roberts; it was joined by the four opportunity. in the State of Texas. liberals; and it concerned President It would create a conditional perma- The States of Texas, Arizona, Cali- Obama’s illegal amnesty. nent resident status valid for up to 10 fornia, Florida, and others are going DACA, when it was issued, was ille- years that would protect Dreamers, in- through a resurgence of infection and gal. Actually, for years, President cluding DACA, from deportation and death from this pandemic. These DACA Obama admitted that. When activists allow them to work legally in the young people—many of them are on the asked him: Will you decree amnesty United States. Cinthya Ramirez could frontline fighting this disease, as unilaterally, as an executive, he told continue working as a nurse long after Cinthya Rameriz is in Tennessee. them over and over again: I can’t do this pandemic is gone. The notion that we want them to that. I am bound by Federal immigra- To qualify for this, the Dreamers leave now—4,300 leave Texas now— tion laws. I am not a King. I am not an would need to meet requirements. They healthcare workers? Unimaginable. It Emperor. That is what President must have come to the United States makes no sense. Obama said repeatedly. before the age of 18—she came at the It is time for us to do something. At But then as the election approached, age of 4—and continuously lived here a minimum, for goodness’ sake, in this I guess they reassessed and decided for at least 4 years. empty Chamber, can we come together that being a King or Emperor sounded They must demonstrate they have and debate this issue? pretty good, and so DACA, the day it been admitted to an institution of The President has challenged us to was issued, was directly contrary to higher education, earned a high school do it. Let’s do it—not be afraid of it. law.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.009 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4088 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 Federal immigration law says in the ders, rapes, and assaults. We are not This young woman has been as open statute books that if you are here ille- going to let them out to abuse and with our government as she could pos- gally, it is illegal for you to stay, to threaten children. sibly be, and for it she has received 2 get work permits, and the Obama ad- Kate’s Law is overwhelmingly bipar- years at a time to build a life, and ministration ignored Federal immigra- tisan common sense. If you go into the what a life she has built. Undocu- tion law and simply printed what were great State of Illinois and ask the vot- mented and uncertain of her future, a called work authorizations. ers of Illinois ‘‘Does Kate’s Law make person who is doomed by the Trump My friend from Illinois has a picture sense?’’ overwhelmingly, they say yes. administration’s policy finishes her of a lovely young lady whom he has That is true in every State in the coun- medical education in nursing school at spoken about. try. Lipscomb University, a Christian col- What he doesn’t have a picture of is By the way, it is true of voters who lege in Nashville, and works at one of what happened after Executive am- aren’t just Republicans. It is true of the best hospitals in the whole region, nesty was granted for those who came Democrats, and it is true of Independ- saving the lives of people who are fac- illegally as kids, which is that the ents. It is true of everyone except the ing COVID–19, and in the eyes of the number of unaccompanied children 47 elected Democrats in this Chamber Senator from Texas, she is just another skyrocketed. and their colleagues in the House of criminal looking for amnesty. Really? In the State of Texas I have been Representatives because the reason I am sorry, that doesn’t add up. It down to the border many, many times. Kate’s Law is not the law is that every doesn’t add up at all. I have visited with the Border Patrol time I have tried to bring it up, the To say today that because we are many, many times. You know, when Democrats have objected to it. seeking help on DACA, Democrats do you go online, you see cages with chil- If Kate’s Law had been on the books, not value American workers—another dren in them. What many of the people Kate Steinle would still be alive be- statement made by the Senator from online don’t tell you is that it was the cause the violent criminal who kept Texas—may I remind the Senator that Barack Obama administration that coming in over and over and over again all of the people we are talking about built those cages, and it was Executive illegally would have been in jail in- in the DACA Program are currently in amnesty that resulted in tens of thou- stead of murdering that young woman. the United States legally working be- sands of little boys and little girls Amnesty is wrong. Illegal Executive cause of DACA? It is not as if they are being sent alone with violent drug traf- amnesty is wrong, and we need to have taking jobs away by coming into this fickers, with coyotes. Far too many of as our first priority protecting the country and displacing others. Many of those kids were physically assaulted American workers and keeping the them are unemployed because of the and sexually assaulted. You are not American people safe. economy too. She is doing work people helping children by incentivizing little I object. are afraid to do, exposing herself to the boys and little girls being in the hands The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- coronavirus every single day. You heard the routine she goes of violent traffickers. That is not hu- tion is heard. through when she comes home from mane. I have seen child after child The Senator from Illinois. work: taking off her clothing, rushing after child abused by this system, and Mr. DURBIN. Madam President, it into a shower, washing off her cell my understanding that the Senator every time the Democrats offer more phone, cleaning it before she sees her from Texas was going to offer a con- amnesty, the predictable result is that family. This is a person who is a crimi- sent request. more children are going to be phys- nal? She is a criminal for what she Mr. CRUZ. Yes. ically and sexually assaulted. Amnesty does, Cinthya Ramirez—really? I don’t is wrong. Mr. DURBIN. I think this is the mo- ment to do it. understand the thinking. It is also the wrong priority of to- To call the decision last week—the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- day’s Democratic Party. Their priority week before—before the Supreme Court ator from Texas. is on people here illegally and not on disgraceful is to say that she should American workers, not on keeping UNANIMOUS CONSENT REQUEST—KATE’S LAW have no chance. She should be gone. American workers safe. Mr. CRUZ. Madam President, I ask What has she got to offer to the United What we should be doing—and in just unanimous consent that the Senate States of America, to the State of Ten- a moment, I am going to ask unani- proceed to the immediate consider- nessee, to our future? She has a lot to mous consent for this body to take up ation of Kate’s Law, which is at the offer, and most Americans, even an and pass Kate’s Law. I am the author desk. overwhelming majority of Republicans, of Kate’s Law in the Senate. Kate’s I ask unanimous consent that the bill get that part of it. Law is named for Kate Steinle, a beau- be considered read a third time and Now the Senator comes before us tiful young woman in California who passed and that the motion to recon- today with a consistent record on was murdered on a California pier by sider be considered made and laid upon Dreamers. Every moment that he has an illegal immigrant who had come the table. been in the U.S. Senate, whenever he into this country illegally over and The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there has been given a chance—whenever—to over and over again. He had multiple objection? help the Dreamers or to help DACA, violent criminal convictions over and Mr. DURBIN. Madam President, re- the junior Senator from Texas has over and over again, but our revolving- serving the right to object. voted no, time and time and time door system kept letting him out. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- again. He is consistent. Bless him for As Kate Steinle died on that Cali- ator from Illinois. his consistency. fornia pier, her father held his daugh- Mr. DURBIN. Madam President, lis- Today he is not even offering an al- ter in his arms, and her last words were ten carefully to what we just heard ternative that would give this woman a ‘‘Daddy, please help me.’’ from the Senator from Texas. First he chance—no alternative to the Dream I have had the opportunity to visit talked about amnesty. Amnesty as I and Promise Act. Instead he offers his with Kate Steinle’s family. What hap- understand it is a blanket forgiveness own bill, which has nothing whatsoever pened to her was wrong. It shouldn’t for the commission of a crime. to do with DACA and the Dreamers. happen, and the reason it happens is Cinthya Ramirez has DACA—the The Cruz bill would increase penalties that our broken system keeps letting DACA protection that I described—2 for immigration offenses, but anyone go violent criminal illegal aliens. What years at a time. She was brought here who commits any of the offenses that does Kate’s Law provide? Common- to the United States from Mexico at have been described by the Senator sense legislation that says aggravated the age of 4. She has paid her fee, has from Texas is already ineligible under felons—people with serious felony con- gone through her background check, DACA—ineligible. DACA requires ap- victions—who repeatedly enter the and receives 2-year protections to con- plicants to clear criminal and national country illegally face a mandatory tinue in this country. According to the security background checks. Cinthya minimum prison sentence; in other Senator from Texas, that is amnesty Ramirez has done that. To say that she words, we are not going to let them out for a crime—amnesty for a criminal. It is even close to committing a crime is and allow them out to commit mur- is certainly not that. an outrage.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.011 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4089 Let’s be clear. The junior Senator entering at a greater risk. We must We also know that social distancing from Texas is in the majority in the enact real reform so that the next time is key to preventing the spread of the U.S. Senate. If he were serious about the next pandemic or economic down- virus. Yet almost one in six Native advancing his bill, he could ask the turn hits, it is not these same commu- households is overcrowded, making so- chairman of the Senate Judiciary Com- nities that once again bear the brunt of cial distancing not just difficult but mittee to hold a committee vote on the the disaster. physically impossible for many fami- bill. The Senator from Texas serves on Today, I want to focus our attention lies. that committee. Then he could ask the on American Indian and Alaska Native All these institutional barriers com- majority leader to schedule a floor communities—communities where in- bine to create a perfect storm. These vote. But he hasn’t done that. This bill fection and mortality rates are much barriers aren’t the result of chance; that he brings to the floor today he has higher than the overall U.S. population they are the result of policy. It is these not even introduced as a bill in this and communities that can’t escape the institutional barriers that we must ac- session of Congress. economic hardships this pandemic has knowledge and finally address so that In this session of Congress, with the caused. this pandemic is not one more example Republicans in the majority, the immi- We already knew that pandemics like of the failure of the United States to gration subcommittee chaired by the this take an awful toll on Native com- meet our obligations. This time must other Senator of Texas has held one munities. This was true 100 years ago be different. We must meet our respon- hearing. The Senate Judiciary Com- during the 1918 flu pandemic when Na- sibilities and help build a more just mittee has voted on one immigration tive Americans died at four times the and equitable society. bill. There has not been a single vote rate of the rest of the country. This Throughout this crisis, Native com- on an immigration bill on the floor of was true a decade ago during the 2019 munities have fought back. They are the U.S. Senate. H1N1 outbreak when Native Americans resilient. They have fought back hard. Clearly, the Senator from Texas has died at the same high rates. For example, in my home State of New no intention of trying to advance this It is unforgivable that the adminis- Mexico and in Arizona and Utah, the bill that he passionately defended on tration was not better prepared. Navajo Nation has imposed strict cur- The underlying reasons that Native the floor. He is offering it today to try fews to prevent the spread. They have peoples—whether living on Tribal to muddy the waters and somehow tie ramped up testing despite the complete lands, in urban settings, or elsewhere— up this wonderful young nurse in Ten- lack of testing supplies in the begin- are at risk are multifaceted. They are nessee with a horrible crime that was ning, and they have now, as of today, all rooted in historic systemic injus- committed in California. She had noth- tested about 25 percent of their popu- tice. ing to do with it. There is nothing in First and foremost, many Native lation, compared to 10 percent nation- her life that is even close to that Americans do not have ready access to ally. Tribal responses to the pandemic crime, and to put that as the alter- quality healthcare, despite the Federal have been repeatedly hamstrung by native to DACA and the Dream Act is Government’s trust and treaty obliga- this administration and congressional fundamentally and totally unfair. tions to provide it—trust and treaty As long as I am in the Senate, I will obligations taken on by this govern- inaction. As vice chair of the Senate come to the floor of the Senate to ad- ment in exchange for millions of acres Indian Affairs Committee, I fought vocate for Cinthya Ramirez and all of of land and countless lives lost. hard for funding targeted for Tribes. the Dreamers. What an American trag- On the large, rural reservations and When the administration offered noth- edy it would be to deport this brave in remote Alaskan Native villages, the ing for Tribes, we secured over $10 bil- and talented young nurse who is saving nearest healthcare facility might be lion in the CARES Act. When the ad- lives in the midst of this pandemic. hours away, and when you get there, if ministration fumbled distribution of America is better than that. We must you can get there, there often aren’t Tribal funding, missing the statutory ensure that Cinthya and hundreds of enough doctors or nurses or hospital deadline for distribution by almost 2 thousands of others in our essential beds. months, Congress and the Tribes workforce are not forced to stop work- These logistical barriers are com- pushed back. Because Tribes are in cri- ing. We need them now more than ever, pounded by the chronic, historic under- sis, days matter. It took a lawsuit and and we must give them the chance they funding of the Indian Health Service, a Federal court order for Tribes to get desire to let them become citizens of which many of us have fought for years their share of the $8 billion set aside the United States. to correct. While we have made for them under the CARES Act. Madam President, I object to the progress, the IHS budget still only cov- Today, the Senate Indian Affairs unanimous consent request by the Sen- ers an estimated 16 percent of the need. Committee will hold an oversight hear- ator from Texas. As a result of centuries of discrimi- ing on implementation of Federal pro- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- natory land, agricultural, and environ- grams to support Tribal COVID–19 pre- tion is heard. mental policies, Native communities vention, containment, and response ef- Mr. DURBIN. I suggest the absence of also face the highest rates of under- forts. Tribal witnesses will testify that a quorum. lying conditions, like diabetes, heart policies and practices at FEMA, the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The and lung disease, asthma, and obesity, CDC, HRSA, and a number of other clerk will call the roll. that result in worse COVID–19 out- Federal Agencies have made Tribal ac- The senior assistant legislative clerk comes. cess to Federal COVID–19 resources proceeded to call the roll. Battles over water rights and under- much harder. Mr. UDALL. Mr. President, I ask investment in Tribal infrastructure Whether it is denying Tribes access unanimous consent that the order for have compounded the problems. We all to coronavirus surveillance data, cre- the quorum call be rescinded. know that washing our hands is a crit- ating a confusing, Byzantine bureauc- The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. ical measure to prevent the spread of racy for requesting emergency medical SASSE). Without objection, it is so or- COVID–19. Yet Tribal communities are supplies, or delaying access to grant dered. 3.7 times more likely to lack complete funds, this administration continually CORONAVIRUS indoor plumbing than other U.S. house- makes decisions that disadvantage Na- Mr. UDALL. Mr. President, COVID–19 holds. On the Navajo Nation, which is tive communities, decisions that has taken a wrecking ball to our Na- confronting one of the worse threaten Native lives and prolong this tion’s health and economy. No corner coronavirus outbreaks in the Nation, 18 country’s legacy of systemic injustice. of the United States has been spared. percent of households don’t have com- The administration must do better, Communities of color are being hit plete indoor plumbing. So, again, it is and Congress must do much more. the hardest. We here in Congress must no surprise that researchers have al- Each day we fail to act to advance poli- focus our work on helping these com- ready found that COVID–19 cases are cies to address the disparities faced by munities. We must take on the long- more likely to occur in Tribal commu- Indian Country is a day we fail to up- standing systemic reasons that these nities, with a higher proportion of hold our oath of office. The Republican communities entering this crisis are homes lacking indoor plumbing. Senate majority has delayed far too

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.013 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4090 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 long. Infections are on the rise. The Ms. SMITH. Mr. President, I ask Within Tribal nations, the economic United States has surpassed every unanimous consent that the order for impact of the coronavirus is equally other nation in the world in the spread the quorum call be rescinded. devastating. Early this spring, Tribal and death and destruction of this virus. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without governments in Minnesota and all Now, 20 million Americans are out of objection, it is so ordered. around the country made the difficult work, which is the highest unemploy- Ms. SMITH. Mr. President, I rise decision to voluntarily close Tribal en- ment level since the Great Depression. today, with my colleague, the Senator terprises in order to protect public State and local and Tribal govern- from New Mexico, TOM UDALL, to call health. As a result, they lost signifi- ments and healthcare systems across for urgent action by Congress to re- cant government revenue and also ex- the Nation are shuttering essential spond to the needs of Tribal nations perienced massive unemployment, not services and furloughing essential and urban indigenous communities only for their members but for mem- workers. None of this should come as during the COVID–19 pandemic. bers from the surrounding commu- news to the Republican majority. We have not done enough. We have nities. This lost revenue meant that Inaction in the face of this disaster is not lived up to our shared trust and Tribal governments were forced to unconscionable. This body must get treaty obligations. And in this mo- scale back essential services, like nu- down to the business that we are here ment, we are called upon to respond to trition assistance for elders, public for and we are elected to do. It is long the historic injustice and systems of safety, and education programming. past time we pass another COVID–19 oppression and institutional violence In the CARES Act, Congress agreed relief package. Our next package must that are harming communities of color to $8 billion in emergency relief to help include targeted funding and programs and indigenous people. Tribes respond to COVID. Even after for Native communities and Tribes. We Over the last month, people in Min- congressional action, though, Tribal must infuse IHS with additional fund- nesota and across our country have fo- governments have had to continue ing for Tribal healthcare and ensure it cused our attention on the deep sys- fighting to get their fair share of those has parity in accessing Federal pro- temic inequities that Black, Brown, dollars. The Trump administration ar- grams. We must provide Tribal govern- and indigenous people face. This injus- gued that some of this relief should go ments with the resources they need to tice is not new. It is as old as the col- to for-profit Alaska Native corpora- keep their communities up and running onization of our country, but, col- tions. Then it took the Treasury De- safely by providing $20 billion in addi- leagues, this is a unique moment. partment 40 days to distribute just the tional targeted funding within the This public health crisis presents us first 60 percent of the funds to Tribes, Treasury’s Coronavirus Relief Fund. with an opportunity to show that we and not until 2 weeks ago, almost 3 The Senate should pass bills I have are serious about repairing the damage months after passage of the CARES introduced that have already been done by our broken promises to sov- Act, did Tribal governments receive adopted by the House of Representa- ereign Tribal nations and urban indige- the rest. To be clear, these funds can- tives in its Heroes package, which was nous communities. not be used to replace lost revenue. passed over 6 weeks ago. We must Some have said that COVID–19 is the We have so much work to do to fulfill our commitment to indigenous people make our strategic stockpile available great equalizer, but we know that and the simple proposition that Native to Tribes. Tribes should be able to ac- COVID hits hardest those without a families should have equal access to cess PPE, ventilators, and other nec- safe place to call home, those strug- healthcare and housing opportunity as essary medical equipment just as gling with low wages and poverty and lack of healthcare, and Black, Brown, White Americans. States can. We must make sure that When I speak to Tribal leaders in my and indigenous people living with the Tribes have equal access to the Centers State about this cycle of historic trauma of having their identity and for Disease Control and their resources underinvestment, inequity, and broken their very humanity called into ques- to prepare for public health emer- promises, I share their frustration. I tion, even before this virus spread. gencies like this pandemic. don’t know how anybody couldn’t. The impact of COVID on Native com- Seventy percent of Native Americans Indigenous leaders in Minnesota munities has been devastating. Native live in urban settings. Yet the Med- know that a lack of housing on Tribal icaid reimbursement rate for Urban In- people have been hospitalized for lands leads to overcrowding, which in- dian Health facilities is lower than the COVID at five times the rate of White creases the risk of contracting COVID. Federal reimbursement rate at other people. In mid-May, the Navajo Nation Tribes have asked over and over for IHS facilities. We need to balance the reached a higher per-capita infection sufficient funding for housing pro- scales and help the 43 Urban Indian rate than any other hotspot in the grams. They shouldn’t have to ask any- Health facilities across the Nation ex- country. more. pand their services. Why is it that COVID is hitting Trib- Indigenous leaders know a lack of ac- As so much of our lives move to the al nations so hard? Despite repeated cess to healthcare and substance abuse internet, we must make sure that Na- calls from Tribal leaders and urban in- disorder treatment lead to chronic tive schools, healthcare facilities, and digenous leaders, over the past few dec- health conditions, like diabetes, heart government services are not left on the ades, the Federal Government has disease, and asthma, which worsen wrong side of the digital divide. All stood by and allowed the budget of the COVID symptoms. Tribes have asked Tribes must have access to high-speed Indian Health Service to dwindle. They over and over for sufficient funding to broadband. have neglected Indian housing pro- address these health inequities, and This public health and economic cri- grams, and they have ignored growing they shouldn’t have to ask anymore. sis has hit us all hard, but we shouldn’t health inequities. Indigenous leaders know that a lack deny that some communities have been The Federal institutions dedicated to of access to credit and capital prevents hit hard. We need to send immediate serving Indian Country are not broken. urban indigenous households and folks relief to those communities that have Unfortunately, these institutions have living on Tribal lands from building been so severely hurt, including Native never been adequate to live up to our wealth like their White neighbors, who communities, and we need to set our trust and treaty responsibilities, and can more easily, therefore, weather the sights on genuinely taking on the sys- they represent a broken promise. storm of unemployment. temic and institutional barriers these The Federal Government’s failure Native communities have asked over communities have faced for far too has life-and-death consequences for Na- and over to enforce fair lending laws long. We can, we should, and we must tive people—for their health, for their and to ensure access to credit for mi- do better. well-being, and for their opportunity to nority borrowers, and they shouldn’t I yield the floor. provide for their families. have to ask anymore. Long before I suggest the absence of a quorum. Think of this striking statistic: Un- COVID, these inequities have harmed The PRESIDING OFFICER. The employment in the indigenous commu- indigenous people. Our inaction has clerk will call the roll. nity in the Twin Cities is at a terrible placed Tribal nations in the untenable The legislative clerk proceeded to 47 percent—higher than any other position of having to ask for what they call the roll. group in our State. are already owed.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.015 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4091 So let’s take this extraordinary mo- that other countries look to us for 15, the Supreme Court issued a momen- ment—a terrible moment but a mo- leadership during troubled times. It is tous decision—welcomed by Members ment of real opportunity, a moment why we prevailed in two world wars, of both parties—extending civil rights when our country is called to respond defeated the axis of evil, and have since employment protections to LGBTQ in- to this terrible pandemic and to reckon maintained the greatest Armed Forces dividuals in workplaces across Amer- with systemic inequities that have in the world. It is why the ideal of the ica. That decision, however, does not hurt Native people and even sought to American dream exists. apply to servicemembers. That means erase them—and let’s turn this mo- Importantly, it is the American peo- our servicemembers, who often come ment to good. ple, past and present, who have shaped from communities that have for gen- We have an opportunity not only to our American character—the 56 men erations bravely sacrificed for the address the public health and economic who put their lives on the line to draft United States, currently enjoy fewer crisis of COVID but also to live up to and sign the Declaration of Independ- statutory protections than their civil- our obligation to Tribes, like providing ence in 1776; the volunteer army of ian counterparts. them with the tools to build resiliency farmers and shopkeepers who defeated Think about what that says about in their communities. the British and today has grown into our country: The law treats the people First, we need to provide rapid, flexi- the best fighting force the world has willing to risk their lives to defend our ble support to Tribal governments so ever seen. freedoms as second class citizens. It is that they can respond to COVID–19 and Fifty-five Americans came together unconscionable, and it is un-American. provide essential services to Tribal to write the U.S. Constitution, guaran- In this moment of reckoning on civil members at the same time. teeing the freedoms for Americans to rights, we must ensure those rights ex- Second, let’s live up to our promises worship, to speak out, to bear arms, tend to all of our military servicemem- and fully fund the Indian Health Serv- and to peaceably assemble. In the years bers. ice and the NAHASDA housing pro- that followed, America fulfilled its The push for the desegregation of our grams. When we do this, we will be ad- promise to form a more perfect union troops, for gender integration into dressing the shortage of physical and while acknowledging it is not perfect combat, and for the repeal of don’t ask, behavioral healthcare for young adults but always striving to do better. don’t tell were all met with similar ar- and parents and elders, and we will We ended the injustice of slavery; 100 guments about how increased oppor- make it easier for families to find af- years ago this year, gave women the tunity for the group in question would fordable safe places to live and to build right to vote; overcame the Great De- hamper readiness, unit cohesion, or wealth through homeownership. pression; fought for the equal rights of otherwise weaken the military. Those We can do this. It is within our all Americans during the civil rights arguments have been proven wrong power. We can end this cycle of under- movement; and persevered after Sep- every single time. investment and institutional violence. tember 11. It is, in fact, the lack of protections This is the best moment in a genera- Today we still have those heroes who for these groups that hamper readiness. tion to accomplish this. make America what she is today. We Without protections, an able platoon I am committed to lifting up the see these works in our midst every day: sergeant can be stigmatized and driven voices of indigenous leaders in Min- our service men and women who brave- from the military because he is nesota and around this country. I fol- ly protect us across the globe and keep transgender. His years of experience low their lead, and I will continue to the enemy away from our shores; the and the immense investments the mili- advocate for these changes because dedicated men and women of law en- tary has made in him can be erased they are so long overdue. forcement who work tirelessly to keep with the stroke of a pen. I urge my colleagues in the Senate to our communities and our families safe; Our military has grown only stronger join me in this work. our teachers, who provide the gift of as it better represents our country. Thank you. education to our youth; our doctors I yield the floor. But, right now, in the year 2020, people and nurses, who save lives every day who are willing to make extraordinary The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- and have bravely taken on the chal- ator from Georgia. sacrifices for our freedoms are being lenge of COVID–19. told no simply because of who they are. FOURTH OF JULY American exceptionalism started We must do better. And we can. We Mrs. LOEFFLER. Mr. President, 160 with our humble beginnings, and it has can make sure the National Defense years ago, Abraham Lincoln reminded endured throughout the challenges our Authorization Act includes discrimina- us that ‘‘at all times . . . all American country faces. citizens are brothers of a common It is tempting to focus on the divi- tion protections for all servicemem- country, and should dwell together in sions in America today, but we have bers. the bonds of fraternal feeling.’’ much more in common that unites us. My amendment with Senator COLLINS That bond—our commitment to com- This Fourth of July is a reminder of would codify in the law that service- ing together to move our country for- the blessings of life, liberty, and the members of all races, religions, and ward, our embrace of the challenges pursuit of happiness that all Americans sexes are protected from discrimina- our country faces because we know we deserve. tion. It would affirm that Americans of will come out of these moments President Reagan once said: every race, religion, sex, sexual ori- entation, gender identity, and national strong—has made the United States ex- Freedom is a fragile thing and is never ceptional. more than one generation away from extinc- origin have the right to join and serve As we approach the Fourth of July tion. It is not ours by inheritance; it must be and sacrifice in our military. holiday, I want to take a moment to fought for and defended constantly by each I was proud to have Senator John recognize what makes America who she generation, for it comes only once to a peo- McCain join me in leading similar leg- is today and the values that have al- ple. islation to protect transgender troops 3 lowed us to carry on the Great Amer- I agree, and I hope this Fourth of years ago. The late Senator said: ‘‘Any ican Experiment for 244 years. July we can stand together, proud that member of the military who meets the The United States—the shining city we will strive to make this country a medical and readiness standards should on a hill, the land of opportunity, the more perfect union. be allowed to serve—including those land of the free and the home of the I yield the floor. who are transgender.’’ I hope this will brave, the red, white, and blue—our The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- be the year that we deliver the results country is exceptional precisely be- ator from New York. he wanted for our troops. cause we have never settled for any- S. 4049 Placing language safeguarding this thing less. Mrs. GILLIBRAND. Mr. President, I right into the NDAA can help us begin It was that very reason it was Ameri- rise to address a glaring inequality in to overcome an unfortunate legacy of cans who first discovered electricity, the law—one that leaves our service- creating artificial, blatantly unfair built the airplane, put a man on the members with fewer protections from barriers to service by underrepresented Moon, developed chemotherapy, and discrimination than civilians. On June groups. It is a legacy that continues to

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.016 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4092 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 this day with the Trump administra- We will get this right. Yet, year after cused on this very issue. It does not do tion’s ban on transgender servicemem- year, thousands of servicemembers are enough to protect our servicemembers bers. raped and sexually assaulted, and their from sexual assault in the ranks or to That discriminatory ban is not only assailants are not held accountable. punish perpetrators who commit these an insult to members of the In many of those cases, the assailant violent crimes. transgender community who have is someone in the survivor’s chain of Just for a minute, imagine this is served our country; it is an insult to command—the same chain of command your daughter or your son. Imagine every LGBTQ person who has given that will decide the case, picking just for a minute that your children de- their life to protect it. Arguments judge, jury, prosecutor, defense coun- cide to go into the military. Do you against open transgender service have sel—all decided by a commander in think they will be protected? no basis in experience or in science. that chain of command. My bill, the Military Justice Im- Transgender individuals served open- There is no other judicial system in provement Act, is being offered as an ly in the military for more than 21⁄2 America that would ever allow this to amendment to the NDAA. This amend- years without any readiness or cohe- happen. This system is not delivering ment will professionalize how the mili- sion issues. I know because I asked all justice. The chain of command is not tary prosecutes serious crimes like sex- four service chiefs and the Chairman of delivering justice. These decisions— ual assault, and it will remove the sys- the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and they all these fundamental civil rights deci- temic fear that survivors have to re- confirmed it. The Chairman of the sions—need to be made somewhere else. port these crimes. Survivors don’t re- Joint Chiefs of Staff, Mark Milley, who They need to be made by trained, im- port these crimes because they fear the was then Chief of Staff of the Army, partial military professionals, prosecu- retaliation against them. told me that he had received ‘‘precisely tors, lawyers—people who are trained This bipartisan and commonsense re- zero reports of issues of cohesion, dis- to make this very hard decision. form leaves the majority of uniquely cipline, [or] morale’’ caused by We are asking survivors to come for- military crimes, as well as all crimes transgender individuals in the service. ward in an environment where they punishable by less than 1 year of con- The American Medical Association, know that there is less than a 10-per- finement, within the chain of com- the American Psychiatric Association, cent chance that the chain of command mand. It would only move one deci- and other experts agree: There is no will try their assailant for a crime sion—literally, one decision—that only medically valid reason to exclude and—worse—that there is only a two in 3 percent of commanders actually have transgender individuals from military three chance that they themselves— the right to make, and that decision service. Anyone who can meet the mili- they themselves—will face retaliation. will be made by a trained military tary standards should be allowed to Despite repeated efforts to stamp out prosecutor. serve—and serve in an environment the scourge of retaliation against mili- These prosecutors, or military JAGS, free from discrimination. It is that tary sexual assault survivors, the most are required to be licensed attorneys in simple. recent Pentagon survey found that 64 good standing with their State bar as- Our Armed Services should reflect percent of these survivors have experi- sociations and are subject to profes- the best of what this country has to enced some form of retaliation for re- sional rules of ethics. Those are com- offer—in their values and in their porting the crime. This figure is statis- monsense standards, but they are not ranks. We cannot allow for laws that tically unchanged from 2016. It is unac- the standards that commanders have unnecessarily limit their ability to re- ceptable. to meet. Commanders aren’t typically cruit and retain the best person for the I ask you: Who is this system de- lawyers. They are not typically crimi- job. signed for? nal lawyers. They are not trained in I ask my colleagues to support our I think so often about a Marine vet- how to make this fundamental decision troops with more than lip service. I ask eran who told me: about whether a crime has been com- my colleagues to extend to them pro- When I reported the assault, my command mitted. So why wouldn’t you let mili- tections from discrimination based on responded with retaliation . . . ostracism, tary police investigate the crime just race, religion, or sex. These are people intimidation, and isolation. The humiliation as they do today? who are willing to fight for our coun- of the retaliation was worse than the assault They take that investigation and, in- try. These are people who are willing because it was sanctioned from those same stead of putting it on the commander’s to die for our country. This body and leaders I once would have risked my life for. general counsel’s desk, they will put it our country must be willing to fight The climate of retaliation comes on a military prosecutor’s desk. The for them. My amendment will do ex- from the top. It comes from the chain military prosecutor gets to make a de- actly that. I ask all of you to support of command. They should not be decid- cision: yes or no; I can prosecute or I its inclusion in this year’s NDAA. ing these cases. They do not have the can’t. Then, that file goes right back to The PRESIDING OFFICER (Ms. COL- background or the impartiality nec- the commander. So when the com- LINS). The Senator from New York. essary to deliver justice. This system is mander wants to do nonjudicial punish- Mrs. GILLIBRAND. Madam Presi- broken, and it is failing our service- ment, he gets to do it. Every time a dent, I rise again to address another members. prosecutor says there is no case here, issue. I rise because, according to the This Congress has passed and spent he gets to have the same authority he Pentagon’s recent biannual survey, al- hundreds of millions of dollars on in- has today. most 21,000 servicemembers were sexu- cremental reforms since 2013. During Under today’s standards, only 10 per- ally assaulted in the year 2018. That this time, an estimated 137,000 service- cent of these cases go to trial. That was a 38-percent increase from the year members have been assaulted. would mean the commanders don’t get before. Let me say that again. During that to make that one decision that 3 per- I rise because the current climate of time, 137,000 servicemembers have been cent of them get to make 10 percent of retaliation in our armed services and sexually assaulted. the time because 90 percent of the time the lack of justice provided by the What are we doing here? Can we not it comes right back to the commander chain of command meant nearly three- hold the U.S. military accountable? to do whatever nonjudicial punishment quarters of those assaults went unre- Can we not do our jobs? Can we not he or she thinks is appropriate. ported, and less than 10 percent of stand up for the men and women who This is a very small but important cases considered for command action risk their lives for us every day? change because when you make this went to trial—less than 10 percent. Incremental change that leaves the change, the survivor sees that the deci- I rise because I stood in this very power in the hands of the chain of com- sion isn’t being made within her chain Chamber in 2013 and shared essentially mand is not enough. We have the proof of command. She or he sees that the the same statistics. and the evidence. decision is being made by somebody Year after year, the leaders of our ‘‘We’ve got this ma’am; we’ve got trained to make the decision—someone armed services come to Congress and this.’’ They say it every year. They who is actually a prosecutor. He or she commit to making things better. They don’t have it, and they haven’t had it will then believe it is worth reporting commit to us in hearing after hearing: for the last 7 years we have been fo- the crime.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.018 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4093 So many of these crimes don’t even thing, and do the right thing. It is our early April, it has provided $518 billion get reported and, sadly, the percentage job. We are supposed to provide over- in forgivable loans to 4.8 million small of those that are being reported is sight and accountability over the U.S. employers across the Nation. going up—the percentage of those re- military. It is the Senate’s job, and According to an ongoing U.S. Census ported confidentially. It doesn’t show every year that we don’t address this Survey, nearly three out of every four that there is any faith in the system if fundamental scourge is another year small business respondents reported people will only report if they don’t we fail. that they had received assistance name their perpetrator. I am tired of this Chamber failing our under the PPP program. In Maine, This reform is nothing new. This re- servicemembers. I am tired of our com- nearly 27,000 small businesses have re- form has been done all across the world manders and our military failing our ceived forgivable loans, totaling more by our allies. Our allies in the United servicemembers. We owe everything to than $2.2 billion. Just to give you an Kingdom, Canada, Israel, Germany, them. idea of how much of a stimulus that is, and Australia have all removed report- I yield the floor. that is equal to almost half of the en- ing and prosecution of violent sex I suggest the absence of a quorum. tire State budget. That works out to an crimes out of the chain of command. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Ms. average loan size of $83,400, which Leaders in those militaries have re- MCSALLY). The clerk will call the roll. translates into a small business with The bill clerk proceeded to call the ported that these changes have not di- approximately seven employees. All roll. minished their ability in any way. It Ms. COLLINS. Madam President, I told, this program is helping to sustain has not diminished their commanders’ ask unanimous consent that the order nearly 200,000 jobs in the State of ability to maintain good order and dis- for the quorum call be rescinded. Maine. cipline, to train their troops, and to do The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without As Treasury Secretary Steve what they are there for. objection, it is so ordered. Mnuchin testified last month: Congress owes our servicemembers a PAYCHECK PROTECTION PROGRAM The [Paycheck Protection Program] is sup- debt of gratitude that can never be Ms. COLLINS. Madam President, last porting the employment of approximately 50 million workers and more than 75 percent of fully repaid. These brave men and night, the Senate approved legislation women who have experienced the un- small business payroll in all 50 states. This is to extended the Paycheck Protection an extraordinary achievement. imaginable are counting on us this Program, better known as PPP, It is, indeed. It has made such a dif- year to finally take real action. Until through August 8, while we continue ference to our small employers. It has we do, we continue to fail in our re- bipartisan negotiations on a bill to pro- kept our small businesses afloat, pre- sponsibility to protect them. vide additional assistance to our small vented them from giving up and shut- Madam President, this is something businesses that have been especially we have worked on together for over 7 hard hit by COVID–19 mitigation meas- tering their doors forever, and provided years. This is something that, on a bi- ures. paychecks to their employees. partisan basis, this Chamber has I very much hope that the House of When we first drafted this program in worked on for 7 years. We have been de- Representatives will act quickly to ex- early March, we did not know how long nied a vote on this over the last 5 tend this important lifeline for our government-ordered closures would years—denied a vote on this the last 5 small employers, as new PPP loans last. In fact, most of them had not even years. The military has fought tooth cannot be issued until the bill that gone into effect at the time that we and nail to not put in these funda- passed the Senate last night is enacted drafted the law. We also did not know mental reforms. They ask us over and and signed into law, even though ap- how severe the impacts of these gov- over: Trust us; we got this. Trust us; proximately $130 billion remains avail- ernment-ordered closures would be. We we got this. able for the program. did not know how long the pandemic They don’t have it. They haven’t had Let me, again, commend my partners would last. How I wish that we could it, and they don’t focus on it. in this endeavor, Senators MARCO announce today that COVID–19 had If you just look at the report from RUBIO, BEN CARDIN, and JEANNE SHA- been conquered; that America’s small this year alone, we are up to 20,000— HEEN, for their continued work on this businesses were flourishing once again; over 20,000—sexual assaults in the last vital program. and that the millions of jobs that they year. The percentage of cases that are Back in March, the four of us formed provide had been fully restored. Unfor- being reported confidentially is going a small business task force. We looked tunately, that is not the case, and we up. The percentage of cases that are at ways that we could help our small have a long road ahead of us. being reported openly is going down. employers and their employees survive According to a survey released last The percentage of cases that are going this pandemic. We put forth a bold week by NFIB, an organization that is to trial is going down. The percentage plan, the Paycheck Protection Pro- dedicated to providing a voice for of cases ending in conviction is going gram, to help small employers and America’s small businesses, half of its down. So under no measure today has their employees. Our concept was members anticipate needing additional the military succeeded in this mission, straightforward: provide forgivable financial support in the next 12 under absolutely none. They say they loans to small employers to help them months. got this. They don’t have it. They maintain that vital connection with I fear that, if Congress fails to act, never have. And if we don’t do our job their employees, so that both could re- despite our good work to date, millions this year, they never will. bound and thrive once the pandemic of our small businesses will be put at This is not something new. This is passes. risk, and millions of jobs will be lost. something that other countries that In some cases, that meant that a A case study of how the pandemic are our allies have done. It profes- small business could retain an em- has threatened the viability of small sionalizes the military. It gives hope to ployee who, otherwise, would have been businesses can be found in Maine’s survivors. It creates permission for laid off. In others, it has meant that tourism sector. Tourism is one of our them to report these crimes. If more the small business could recall workers State’s largest economic sectors. It crimes are reported, more prosecutions who had already been laid off. And in supports 110,000 jobs. That is one out of will be completed, and more cases will yet other cases, it allowed employers every six jobs in our State. In 2018, end in conviction. to continue to send paychecks to em- total tourism expenditures exceeded Send a message: Convict perpetra- ployees who had been furloughed so $6.2 billion. That is $7 million per day. tors. Protect survivors. Honor the sac- that we could keep that link between In late March, there was the expecta- rifice and legacy of every man and employers and their employees, so that tion that the 2020 tourism season would woman who serves in the military when the reopening occurred, they certainly be lower than the norm but today who will give their life for this could be reunited quickly and the busi- active enough for the tourism busi- country. That is our responsibility. ness could get up and running much nesses to survive. But, as the Fourth of I urge everyone in this Chamber to more rapidly. July draws closer, near empty hotels, stand with our troops. Stand with the The response to this program has inns, B&Bs, and restaurants portend a men and women who sacrifice every- been phenomenal. Since its launch in long-lasting disaster, as many of our

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.020 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4094 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 State’s seasonal businesses rely on the commonsense ways. For example, we COVID–19 emergency supplemental bill busy summer season and fall season to should allow forgiveness for supplier and to do it now. The needs are real. pay their major bills for the year, in- costs and investments in facility modi- They are immediate. In fact, when the cluding their mortgage and property fications and personal protective House passed the Heroes Act, we should taxes, not to mention their all-impor- equipment that employers are buying have begun those negotiations in the tant employees. to protect their employees and their first week after it had passed it, but we Two weeks ago, a Maine innkeeper in customers, such as plexiglass shields, didn’t. We should have begun the nego- York County told me that her inn patio installations for outdoor dining, tiations in the second week after it had would normally have a 94-percent occu- masks, gloves—that kind of equipment. passed it, but we didn’t. We should pancy rate at this point in the summer. It is especially important to res- have begun the negotiations in the She currently has an occupancy rate of taurants facing dining restrictions and third week after it had passed it, but 6 percent. those struggling to get the high-qual- we didn’t—and the fourth and the fifth As one observer put it, the word ‘‘Va- ity food supply that they need. We and the sixth. cationland,’’ which appears on our li- should also clarify that employer-pro- Every day, I talk with Vermonters, cense plates in Maine, might well be vided group health benefits are in- sometimes hundreds at a time in state- replaced with ‘‘Vacancy Land.’’ cluded in forgivable payroll costs. wide conference calls. From small busi- I have heard from so many hotel Fourth, we should extend the PPP to nesses, to families, to schools, to hos- owners throughout Maine, and their small 501(c)(6) organizations that are pitals, to Federal employees, I hear stories all have a familiar theme: Res- not lobby organizations. I am talking their urgent needs. So I want to talk ervations made months ago for July about local chambers of commerce, today about just one of those urgent and August are being canceled, and business leagues, economic develop- needs—funding for the United States cancelations for the fall are also start- ment associations, and boards of trade, Citizenship and Immigration Services, ing to come in. In addition to putting which are doing a great job but are USCIS. hotel staff at risk of losing their jobs, struggling to themselves survive. It plays an important role in our Na- or having their hours cut drastically, Fifth, we should clarify in statute tion’s immigration system. It processes or not being hired in the first place, that forgivable loan funds can be spent requests for immigration benefits, the vendors that supply these estab- through December 31 and allow bor- American citizenship, and it screens lishments are losing sales. Local retail- rowers to apply for loan forgiveness, at asylum seekers. The agency is staffed ers and restaurants are losing summer the time of their choosing, after 8 by more than 19,000 dedicated men and customers. Planned improvements and weeks from loan origination. women across the country, including expansions are being postponed, caus- Finally, to ensure transparency in roughly 1,700 in my home State of ing harm for local tradespeople. the PPP loan program, we should re- Vermont. Last Friday, furlough notices were I talked to a restaurant owner who quire the Small Business Administra- sent out to 13,350 of the 19,000 USCIS operates a wonderful restaurant in tion to comply with data and informa- employees. They are effective next Portland. Right now, she has to depend tion requests from the Government Ac- month, on August 3. That is just 4 on outside seating and lives in fear of a countability Office or Federal inspec- weeks from now. In Vermont, 1,111 men bad storm, where people won’t be able tors general within 15 days. and women received this notice, which to eat outside. Only slowly is Maine al- There are many other ideas that the is over 65 percent of the USCIS work- lowing in-restaurant eating to resume four of us who are members of the force in Vermont. These are men and in the most populous parts of our Small Business Task Force are taking women who, day after day, do impor- State. All of us understand that we a look at, but today, I just wanted to tant work for the Nation. They have have to put the health of people first, outline for my colleagues some ideas continued to do that work every day but these restaurant owners are get- that I am particularly interested in in- even during the COVID–19 pandemic. ting desperate, and they are trying cluding in this bill. And they have been told, even though very hard to comply with all the CDC As the shutdowns have grown longer, they have been doing the work loyally regulations. it has become clear that millions of and effectively, after August 3, a There is no doubt that similar dis- small employers need additional help if month from now, they can no longer do ruptions are occurring across the coun- they are to keep their heads above their job; they will no longer receive a try. That is why it is so important that water and survive. It also has been paycheck. we reach bipartisan agreement to allow clear that many of these employers Nationwide these are 13,350 new and those small businesses that have been must make substantial investments to urgent reasons why the Senate must especially hard hit by the pandemic to modify their operations, to protect act on our Nation’s real and immediate receive an additional forgivable loan. their employees and customers, to needs, and the Senate majority must As we continue our bipartisan negotia- mitigate the spread of the COVID make that possible now. We have lost 6 tions on such a plan, I have come to virus. weeks since the House acted on this. It the floor to outline some of my own Most of all, we need to always keep is time the Senate acts. priorities for a second Paycheck Pro- in mind that we are talking about em- I have been ringing the alarm bells tection Program loan. ployees. It is the small businesses of for more than a month on this issue. First, I do believe that we will our country that employ the majority We know that due to declining revenue, achieve bipartisan agreement to allow of the people who are working. immigration-related application fees the hardest hit small business employ- We are close to reaching a bipartisan coming into USCIS, the agency is fac- ers—those who have seen their reve- agreement, and I know we are going to ing a budget shortfall of $1.2 billion, nues decline by 50 percent or more in be working very hard over the recess to and the furlough notices that were sud- any quarter this year compared to the do so. I also know that, for small busi- denly sent out last week are the result same quarter last year—to receive an nesses that are struggling, such an of this shortfall. USCIS is simply say- additional PPP loan. This is absolutely agreement cannot come soon enough. ing they can’t pay employees with rev- essential to the ability of these busi- Again, I want to thank my col- enues they do not have. nesses to survive as the fight against leagues—Senator MARCO RUBIO, Sen- I would remind everybody the short- COVID–19 continues. ator BEN CARDIN, Senator JEANNE SHA- fall is not entirely due to COVID–19. Second, because we must stretch the HEEN—for their dedication and good- The agency has not lived within its $130 billion that remains in the PPP faith efforts to reach an agreement. budget for the last 3 years of this ad- funds as far as we possibly can, I sup- I yield the floor. ministration, and, frankly, the Trump port generally limiting eligibility to The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- administration’s mismanagement and entities that have 300, rather than 500 ator from Vermont. extreme immigration policies have or fewer, employees with a special pro- Mr. LEAHY. Madam President, I only worsened the situation. vision for seasonal employers. came before the Chamber yesterday As part of the President’s efforts to Third, I believe that we need to ex- and made the case as to why Congress erase our identity as a nation of immi- pand forgivable PPP expenses in some needs to begin negotiations on another grants, he has not just tried to shut

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.022 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4095 our Nation’s doors to asylum seekers I know, on the major COVID bill, my portant to take stock of where we are and refugees, he has attempted to re- staff and I worked 7 days a week, some- and to see how we need to adjust fur- strict almost all immigration to this times very late into the night, and we ther to, again, what we have learned by country. are all in separate locations, but we hard experience. He has created obstacles for immi- got it done, and we got an appropria- On Sunday, I traveled to Dallas, TX, grant workers, created a wealth test tions bill through here that almost all with Vice President MIKE PENCE for a for immigrants, even exploited the cur- Republicans and Democrats voted for briefing on the coronavirus response ef- rent public health emergency to im- because people worked together. We forts, and we were joined by two of pose additional immigration restric- worked together. We passed legislation those members—Dr. Deborah Birx and tions that have nothing to do with pub- this country needed. HUD Secretary Dr. Ben Carson. lic health. We showed it can be done, so we can On the flight down, I was able to And because USCIS has not been able and we should begin bipartisan, bi- spend some time talking with Dr. Birx to issue visas or process other immi- cameral negotiations. Do it during the about testing strategies and the ways gration benefits as they normally do as next 2 weeks so that when the Senate we can more effectively identify posi- a result of President Trump’s anti-im- is back in session, we have legislation tive cases and stop the spread, espe- migrant policies, revenue, of course, to consider and debate. We can enact cially among asymptomatic individ- has fallen. the bill into law expeditiously. uals who have no incentive, no motiva- No matter the cause, the budget If there are amendments people want tion to request a test in the first place. shortfall is real. We have to address it. or things they want to change, vote If I am feeling well, why would I go ask Furloughs would not only disrupt the them up or vote them down. We should for a coronavirus test unless I am just processing of immigration benefits and be willing to stand here and vote, and curious. That is the conundrum. American citizenship and other critical then we can enact a bill into law and Dr. Birx talked about the concept of services provided by USCIS, but it is do it expeditiously. pool testing, which is one of the most going to cause unnecessary hardships The American people deserve no less. efficient ways to test large numbers of on thousands of Federal employees and The dedicated men and women at people using the least amount of time Federal contractors. It is going to USCIS deserve no less, but I would say and resources. come at a time when our Nation is al- the men and women of every single one Let’s say, for example, that a number ready dealing with record job losses. of our States deserve no less. of employees at a meat packing plant The loss of these valuable jobs will There are 100 of us here. We have are tested simultaneously. Rather than also cause hardship to the communities shown we can work together. We have running each sample individually to across the Nation where these Federal done it before. We have done it with ap- see if any of the employees had the workers live and work. These are com- propriations bills. We sat here, voted virus, you would pool the sample to- munities already struggling with the for or against amendments, and then gether and run it as a group. If the pool pandemic. They were dealing with peo- did what is best for the country. Let’s sample comes back negative, you know ple who have skills that have been do it. Let’s not be afraid to vote. that each individual within that pool is built up over years of experience. I see my distinguished friend from negative. And if it comes back positive, So let’s craft a fair, responsible solu- Texas on the floor. each sample is run individually to tion to this problem. That would re- I yield the floor. identify positive cases. quire emergency appropriations and ac- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- But this is a way to magnify the companying legislation to ensure ator from Texas. number of testing cases we can do by transparency and accountability. Mr. CORNYN. Madam President, I maybe as much as a factor of 10. Time is of the essence. I know, as thank my friend from Vermont for his This pool-testing model makes it vice chairman of the Appropriations courtesy. much easier to conduct repeated tests Committee, we have agreement on the Yesterday, Texas reported almost for individuals in a single setting such vast majority of the possible appropria- 7,000 new coronavirus cases, setting a as workplaces, schools, or nursing tions bills. There has been a concern by new single-day record. homes. the Republican majority not to bring As cases have climbed in recent This is exactly the kind of strategy them up because they do not want weeks, it has become clear that we we are going to need as we contemplate something on COVID. need to take what we have learned sending our children back to school. Well, every Senator can go home and about this virus and adjust our strat- Dr. Birx was recently quoted as say- talk to their people in their State. egy. ing: ‘‘If you look around the globe, the They will hear, as I do every single day In the beginning, we were still learn- way people are doing a million tests or in my calls from Vermonters, there is a ing about this novel virus and how it is 10 million tests is they’re doing pool- need to do something regarding COVID. transmitted, while also trying to maxi- ing.’’ Now, there have been numerous calls mize scarce resources. I think the best So as we are seeing spikes in Texas by myself and the Democratic leader- analogy I can think of—we were trying and a number of other States across ship in the Senate, and despite those to design and build an airplane while the country, it is clear we need to calls, the White House and the Repub- we were flying it. adapt to everything we have learned lican majority have refused to move Because of that, only individuals and embrace a new and different strat- forward on a fourth COVID–19 emer- with symptoms or who had been in con- egy. We need more efficient and effec- gency appropriations bill where we tact with a person who had tested posi- tive ways to test broad swaths of peo- could address this and other critical tive could be tested themselves, but we ple so we can identify positive cases as issues caused by the coronavirus pan- know a lot has changed in the last few soon as possible. demic. months. We have learned that individ- Now, we know this virus is particu- We should not wait any longer. In uals can have the virus even if they larly deadly if you are over 80 years old fact, we must not wait any longer. I aren’t showing symptoms. or if you have underlying health prob- call on Majority Leader MCCONNELL to Recent studies in North Carolina and lems. For the rest of us, honestly, if begin bipartisan negotiations on a New York have shown that somewhere you get symptoms, you are probably COVID–19 emergency relief bill now so between 12 and 20 percent of people going to recover. Sadly, some will have we can solve this problem before fur- could have the COVID–19 antibodies. In to be hospitalized, but, actually, the loughs are necessary. other words, they have had the virus, level of fatalities we have seen from The Senate is about to recess for 2 and they recovered, but they didn’t the coronavirus infection have re- weeks, but that doesn’t mean our work even know they were sick in the first mained remarkably low because our stops. With millions of people working place, but the problem is they can still healthcare providers have discovered from home due to the coronavirus, in- spread it to others. new treatments and new ways to save cluding in the U.S. Senate, we have As our knowledge about the lives. shown that we can do our job from coronavirus has increased, so have our A data scientist and associate pro- wherever we are located. testing capacities, but I think it is im- fessor at Cornell University named

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.024 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4096 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 Peter Frazier has said about pool test- can send our troops around the world everything from our cell phones, to ing that ‘‘if you don’t test people with- with the confidence that they have the computers, to cell towers, to missile out symptoms and focus only on symp- best equipment available. defense systems. Despite the pervasive- tomatic people, then you miss the epi- I’m glad this legislation includes a ness of these devices in our everyday demic and continue spreading.’’ provision I offered to increase the num- lives, we’re largely relying on other We need to constantly reevaluate and ber of new F–35 aircraft. When we talk countries to manufacture them. Since adapt our strategy to ensure that we about providing our servicemembers 2000, the U.S. has dropped from pro- are identifying cases as soon as pos- with the best possible equipment, the ducing roughly a quarter of the world’s sible to stop the spread and to protect F–35 is a prime example. This 5th gen- semiconductors to only 12 percent. the most vulnerable among us. eration fighter gives our Meanwhile, China has gone from I know the administration and the servicemembers an edge in stealth, sur- manufacturing zero chips to 16 percent task force are working around the veillance, and weapons systems. of the world’s supply, and plans to in- clock on this, but to be frank, we need Growing our F–35 fleet has been a pri- vest another $1.4 trillion in semicon- to up our game, and I hope we will ority for a number of years, and this ductor technologies. America has lost focus on developing a comprehensive legislation will continue moving us in ground to global competitors, and un- testing strategy based on what we have the right direction. These aircraft will less the U.S. takes action, it’s esti- learned from this hard experience to be made by hardworking Texans in mated that by 2030, 83 percent of global combat the rise in cases and commu- Fort Worth, and provide our semiconductor manufacturing capacity nity spread we are seeing in places like servicemembers around the world with will be in Asia. We need to bring back Texas and elsewhere. the most advanced and capable aircraft some of the talent that was first cre- S. 4049 to see them through their missions. ated here in the U.S. Madam President, this week, the But maintaining a competitive edge 0f course, that’s much easier said Senate is fulfilling one of our most requires much more than a fleet of top than done. Building a new foundry is a of the line aircraft or a stockpile of in- basic responsibilities—and that is to very expensive undertaking, and it’s novative weapons. It also requires end support our common defense. going to require an investment from Passing the strong, strategic, and bi- to end security in our supply chains. the federal government. The COVID–19 pandemic has really partisan national defense authorization That’s why Senator WARNER and I in- shone a light on the vulnerabilities bill is something we have done for the troduced the CHIPS for America Act, that come from a reliance on other last 60 years. It is how this body has and I hope we can include a version of countries for critical manufacturing. ensured that generations of service- this bill as an amendment to the We lean heavily on China and other members would be paid, that they NDAA. This would create a federal in- countries for masks, gloves, gowns, centive program through the Depart- would have the equipment and training ventilators—all the equipment we’ve ment of Commerce to encourage semi- they need, as well as the weapons, the needed over the past few months. That conductor manufacturing in the U.S. planes, and the ships to bring them reliance has led to a shortage of these In short, this would help stimulate home safely. It is how we have taken supplies at the most critical time, and domestic advanced semiconductor stock of the evolving threat landscape forced our medical workers to go into manufacturing, and boost both our na- and made adjustments to ensure that battle without their traditional armor. our military remains the very best in It’s been a wake-up call on supply tional security and global competitive- the world. It is a belief in peace chain vulnerabilities, and a reminder ness. through strength. that we need to keep our most critical I mentioned, these devices are every- We know our adversaries are con- supply chains right here at home. One where—military systems, tele- stantly watching us to see whether we area where we need improvement is communications, healthcare, agri- are hesitant or pulling back from our with 5G. For all the rewards that come culture, manufacturing. Virtually world leadership or maybe we are not with this advanced technology, there every industry stands to benefit from a investing like they are in modern are also a lot of risks, and we need to more secure semiconductor supply weapons systems that can defeat our ensure we’re protecting this critical chain and our economy would reap the defenses. asset. That’s why Senators BURR, WAR- benefits of bringing these manufac- Well, we know for all the tech- NER, and I introduced the Secure 5G turing jobs back to the United States. nologies and innovation that have and Beyond Act, which is now law. This legislation would serve as a made our lives simpler and more effi- It requires the President to develop a boon to both our national security and cient, that these changes in technology strategy to ensure the security of next our economy, and I’m hoping it will be have made safeguarding our national generation telecom systems, and help included as part of the NDAA. security that much more challenging. our allies protect their systems as well. I’d like to once again thank Chair- We are seeing new technologies on But I believe we need to take this a man INHOFE and Ranking Member the battlefield, and the race to develop step further, and safeguard not only REED for upholding the now 60-year next-generation weapons, such as the networks themselves but the sup- tradition of a bipartisan process to get hypersonic missiles, has allowed our ply chains that produce them. The re- this legislation over the finish line on competitors to get a few steps ahead of ality is, a lack of domestic industry time. I’m glad this legislation us. The bottom line is, unless we con- has caused the U.S. to fall behind our prioritizes advancements in the crit- tinue our investment and our deter- foreign adversaries in developing 5G ical technologies that will modernize mination to remain No. 1, we are going technologies. our national defense, and restore our to be losing ground against our adver- I’m glad the NDAA includes an competitive edge. saries. We no longer enjoy the across- amendment I offered to support these I yield the floor. the-board strategic edge that we used critical supply chains. It would give The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- to have, and it is time for us to take the Department of Defense the flexi- ator from Oklahoma. bold action to reverse the tide before it bility to partner with industry for Mr. INHOFE. Madam President, first is too late. That is what I believe we commercial development and deploy- of all, I would make a comment in re- can achieve with this year’s National ment of 5G technologies. This will en- action to the comments of our good Defense Authorization bill. sure we’re investing in American com- friend from Texas. What he says is I appreciate Chairman INHOFE and panies to strengthen and secure our true, and the American people are not the members of the Senate Armed critical networks, which are vital not aware—and I don’t say this critically Services Committee, which operates al- only to our national security, but to of the previous administration—but most entirely on a bipartisan basis. It our everyday lives. during the Obama administration, his really is a great tradition and one we Beyond supporting 5G, another crit- top priority was not really defense. He don’t want to break, passing the De- ical supply chain we need to support is had his own agenda, and, consequently, fense authorization bill each year. for semiconductors. we suffered at that time. It also provides funding to both mod- These devices are everywhere— In the last 5 years, which would have ernize and grow our aging fleet, so we they’re the underlying technology in been from 2010 to 2015, he reduced the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.025 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4097 funding of our military by 25 percent. for our Members who are watching to on the DETER Act; and Schatz-Mur- What people don’t realize is, during be aware of where they stand in line. kowski No. 2252 on the section 1033 pro- that same timeframe, Russia increased I ask unanimous consent that the fol- gram? theirs by 34 percent, and China in- lowing amendments be called up en I ask the Senator to modify his re- creased the funding of their military bloc and the Senate vote on adoption of quest to add those amendments, and by 83 percent. That put us in a situa- the amendments en bloc with no inter- then Members on our side who have se- tion in which we have to do what we vening action or debate: Moran, No. rious concerns can have their amend- are doing, and that is why this and the 1694; Hyde-Smith, No. 1881; Romney, ments considered. last bills have been very important. No. 1883; Portman, No. 1891; Kennedy, Mr. INHOFE. First of all, let me re- We are still working on the National No. 1987; Romney, No. 2018; Sullivan, spond by saying that this has been a Defense Authorization Act. I consider No. 2391; Johnson, No. 2077; Wicker, No. long process, and it is one that has in- it to be the most important bill of the 2178, Fischer, No. 2231; Risch, No. 2238; volved leadership on both sides, and we year. I know my colleagues agree with Gardner, No. 2241; Portman, No. 2243; are attempting to do that. I think that me that this is very significant, and Inhofe-Reed, No. 2248; Peters, No. 1753; by looking at the list I have read off, this is something that we know is Warner, No. 1803; Coons, No. 1808; War- the Senator will see a lot of Democrats eventually going to pass. This will be ner, No. 1907; Tester, No. 1968; Bennet, and a lot of Republicans there. For the 60th consecutive year. No. 1977; Smith, No. 2058; Cortez Masto, that reason I think we have an ade- Our military is the best in the world. No. 2186; King, No. 2215; Merkley, No. quate number that several of us have This week, with this bill, we are going 2251; Cantwell, No. 2255; Cantwell, No. agreed on, so I would object to modi- to make sure it stays that way. The 2256; Hirono, No. 2269; Menendez, No. fication of my amendment. goal of having a strong military is de- 2270, and Peters, No. 2275. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- terrence—to make sure that we don’t The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there tion to the modification is heard. have to use it—and to send a signal to objection? Is there objection to the original re- our enemies that they can’t win The Democratic leader. quest? against us. This is the message we need Mr. SCHUMER. Reserving the right Mr. SCHUMER. Reserving the right to send today, tomorrow, and forever. to object, while I know the committee to object, I hope we can continue these That is what the national defense is working hard and I know the Sen- discussions in a productive and fruitful strategy tells us. ator from Oklahoma and the Senator way, but at this point I must object. I don’t have the national defense from Rhode Island are working hard to- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- strategy book here, but we have been gether in a very good way, I know they tion is heard. adhering to it. It is a strategy that was have been trying to work up an agree- Mr. INHOFE. I yield the floor. put together a few years ago by 12 ment on three amendments to come, as The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Democrats, 12 Republicans, and all the well as a managers’ package, but there ator from Virginia. experts in the field, and we have been are certain amendments that our side RUSSIA using it as our model ever since. So we feels should be debated. Mr. KAINE. Madam President, I rise want to make sure that we have In a moment I will ask the chairman to speak about the disturbing reporting enough ships and planes and every- to modify his request to include rea- regarding Russian efforts to harm thing in place. sonable numbers of amendments that Americans in Afghanistan through China and Russia have caught up in we believe should have rollcall votes. payments to the Taliban and the some areas, and I think it is important, None of these are ‘‘gotcha’’ amend- Haqqani network. This is deadly seri- as the Senator from Texas said about ments. None of these are extraneous. ous and we—the Congress and the the hypersonic weapons, that we are They are not dealing with impeach- American public—must get answers to talking about offensive and defensive ment or the records of the President or a number of questions. weapons; we are talking about some- anything like that. Every one of them When did the United States first re- thing that is state of the art. They ac- is related to the NDAA bill, and there ceive information suggesting that Rus- tually are ahead of us right now, but is sincere feeling on our side that these sia was providing financial support to with this bill we are going to get amendments should be debated and Taliban or HQN operatives to kill caught up. voted on. American troops? Our superiority rests on our staying This is not an attempt to block or What investigation has been done by ahead of our competition. We ceded obstruct; this is an attempt to come DOD or intel agencies to corroborate that advantage under the last adminis- together. As we know, to make this the charge? tration, and we are going to correct work, we need bipartisan agreement. What investigations have been done that. That is where we are right now. All of them, as I said, are related to the into the deaths of U.S. troops in Af- I see the minority leader is here, and NDAA bill. ghanistan during the relevant time pe- I would like to propose a unanimous The modification I am asking for also riod to determine whether they might consent request. includes the two Republican amend- be linked to Russian payments? UNANIMOUS CONSENT REQUEST—AMENDMENTS ments, one from Senator CORNYN and Was information about this allega- EN BLOC one from Senator PAUL. tion contained in the President’s daily Madam President, I ask unanimous I appreciate the chairman’s desire to briefing in late February? If so, why consent that, at a time to be deter- start voting on these amendments, but are the President and the White House mined by the majority leader in con- I hope he will modify his request so maintaining so strongly that the Presi- sultation with the Democratic leader, that several more Members of the Sen- dent was never briefed? the following amendments be made ate on both sides of the aisle can When did the United States first brief pending en bloc and the Senate vote in amend the bill as well, and we can allies—specifically, the United King- relation to the amendments in the move forward. dom—on the intelligence concerning order listed without intervening action So I ask this question of my friend the Russian bounty allegations? or debate: Paul amendment No. 2011; the chairman: Will the Senator modify What events led to an administrative Sanders amendment No. 1790; third, his request to include the following interagency meeting on this topic in Cornyn-Schumer-Cotton amendment amendments to be called up and voted late March? No. 2244. on in relation to Sanders No. 1788, in What options were explored at that I further ask unanimous consent that lieu of Sanders amendment No. 1790— meeting? Were any undertaken? the following amendments be called up that is the 10 percent cut to the Pen- To the extent that there is a dif- en bloc and the Senate vote on adop- tagon; Tester No. 1972 on Agent Or- ference of opinion about the existence tion of the amendments en bloc with ange; Shaheen No. 1729 on the PFAS of such a program among U.S. agen- no intervening action or debate. study; Gillibrand No. 1755 on cies, what explains the differing con- I hesitate to do this. It will take me transgender policy; Manchin No. 2361 clusions? a minute to actually name all of the on NNSA; Menendez No. 2396 on the Did President Trump discuss the amendments because it is important Bounty Act; Van Hollen-Rubio No. 1845 matter in any of the numerous phone

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.027 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4098 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 calls he had with Russian President only major country on Earth not to In order to begin the process of ad- Putin from late March through this guarantee healthcare to all people as a dressing some of the most important month? human right, and enormous crises that issues facing our country, I have intro- If the President knew of the concern, in Siberia last week, the temperature duced five amendments, all of which I why did he persist in trying to get Rus- was 100 degrees, which is frightening think are important and all of which I sia invited as a participant to the G7 the scientific community because they believe need to have a vote and a de- meeting to be held in the United States understand this is the tip of the iceberg bate. Let me very briefly explain what this fall? regarding climate change. We have all those amendments are and what they Why hasn’t the President condemned these crises out there, and nothing would do. the existence of any such program or much happens here in the Senate. The first amendment would reduce at least pledged that there would be se- Well, I think maybe it might be a the military budget by 10 percent and rious consequences if such a program good idea to start some real debate use that $74 billion in savings to invest existed? right here. I have introduced six in distressed communities in every That Russia might behave in a hos- amendments that are significant. I will State in this country that have been tile manner toward U.S. troops in Af- discuss each of them. Other Members, ravaged by extreme poverty, mass in- ghanistan would not be a surprise Democrats and Republicans, have also carceration, deindustrialization, and based upon Russia’s track record of bad introduced significant amendments. decades of neglect. behavior all over the globe, but what Given the fact we have done virtually It is no secret to anybody that the has been surprising has been the ad- nothing over the last year, I think it is American people are hurting all across ministration’s actions regarding this not inappropriate to have some serious this country. We have communities explosive allegation, and I believe the debate on one of the very major pieces where unemployment today is 20, 25, 30 Senate must get to the bottom of it. of legislation we will be dealing with. percent, where people are sleeping out I yield the floor. We are talking about a bill that will on the streets, where schools are un- I suggest the absence of a quorum. spend some $740 billion. That is more derfunded, where decent-quality The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. ROM- money in terms of military spending childcare is virtually not available, NEY). The clerk will call the roll. than the next 11 nations combined. and where air and water pollution is The senior assistant legislative clerk Does anybody have a problem with rampant. It is time that we stop turn- proceeded to call the roll. that? Some of us do. Maybe others ing our backs on those communities. Mr. SANDERS. Madam President, I don’t. Let’s debate it. What we are doing right now is focus- ask unanimous consent that the order We are talking about a bill that will ing attention on the fact that 40 mil- for the quorum call be rescinded. be spending more money on the Pen- lion Americans are living in poverty. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mrs. tagon than we did during the height of Half of our people are living paycheck LOEFFLER). Without objection, it is so the Cold War and the height of the to paycheck. And maybe—just maybe— ordered. wars in Vietnam and Korea. Does any- instead of investing more money in nu- UNANIMOUS CONSENT REQUEST one have a problem with that? Well, I clear weapons and submarines and God Mr. SANDERS. Madam President, do. Maybe some other people do. Maybe knows what else, maybe we want to in- since last week, the Senate—ostensibly you don’t. Tell me why you think we vest in our own people, in jobs and one of the great deliberative bodies in should be spending more money on the healthcare and education, so that they the world—supposedly has been ‘‘debat- military today in terms of inflation can live their lives with dignity and se- ing’’ the $740 billion National Defense than we did during the war in Vietnam. curity. Authorization Act. It has been a very, Let’s debate it. I believe right now, in the midst of very silent debate because of the 700 We are talking about a bill that will all of the crises this country faces—the amendments that have been filed to provide 53 percent of the entire discre- crisis of the pandemic, the crisis of the this bill. There have been no rollcall tionary budget to the bloat and waste- economic meltdown, the crisis of racial votes on any of them. I do understand ful Pentagon at a time when the De- injustice, the crisis of 100 million peo- that in the managers’ amendment, fense Department cannot even pass an ple being uninsured or underinsured, some of the noncontroversial, non- independent audit. We have a huge the crisis of climate change—I think significant amendments have been ac- budget for the Pentagon. They cannot the American people want real trans- cepted and absorbed, and that is fine. pass an independent audit, and the re- formation. They are tired of the status We have had a vigorous debate, but no- sponse of the Senate is, well, let’s give quo. They want a government that rep- body in the world has heard that de- them even more money. It may make resents all of us, not the 1 percent and bate because there has not been one sense to some people. It doesn’t make wealthy campaign contributors. amendment here on the floor. sense to me. I do understand that the people be- Knowing the way the Senate does In my view, it would be rather dis- hind this military budget who love it business, I worry very much—and I graceful for us to leave town, recess so much are the military-industrial hope I am wrong, and I will do my best the Senate for 2 weeks without getting complex and the defense contractors. to prevent it, but I worry very much a vote on a single amendment and then They are doing phenomenally well. It that we are supposed to be getting out come back in a couple of weeks to pass is a great budget for them. Their CEOs of here for the Fourth of July break to- a $740 billion Defense bill without any make tens of millions of dollars a year. morrow night. Right now, it is a little opportunity to amend that bill. They make huge profits every single after 2 p.m. on Wednesday, and we are If the horrific pandemic that we are year. It is a good budget for them. But out of here on Thursday. now experiencing, where tens of thou- maybe we may want to get our prior- Given the fact that we are talking sands of people are coming down with ities right and have a good budget for about 53 percent of the discretionary the virus every single day—if the pan- working families and low-income fami- budget of the U.S.A., I am just a little demic has taught us anything, it is lies in America. That is what my bit worried about how many real that national security, the well-being amendment does. amendments, significant amendments, of our people, and protecting our peo- This amendment is being cosponsored are going to be offered. ple is a lot more than just building by Senators MARKEY and WARREN. It is Let us be clear that over the last bombs and missiles and jet fighters and also being supported by over 60 organi- year, we have been part of what I con- tanks and submarines. Our people are zations throughout this country rep- sider to be the biggest do-nothing Sen- in trouble today in an unprecedented resenting millions and millions of peo- ate in the modern history of this coun- way with the pandemic and with an ple, including organizations like Public try. This country faces enormous crises economic meltdown in which tens of Citizen, Union of Concerned Scientists, in terms of the pandemic, faces enor- millions of people have lost their jobs Physicians for Social Responsibility, mous crises in terms of an economic over the last couple of months. We and the Coalition on Human Needs. meltdown, enormous crises in terms of have to focus on how we protect those These organizations are saying that racial injustice and police brutality, people. It is not just spending money maybe—just maybe—instead of invest- enormous crises in terms of being the on planes and guns and bombs. ing in weapons of destruction, instead

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.028 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4099 of spending more money on the mili- So the question that we have to ask The last amendment that I have filed tary than the next 11 nations com- ourselves is this: How does it happen would reduce the defense budget by bined, maybe we should invest in our that, in the wealthiest country in the one-tenth of 1 percent—not a lot of people. history of the world and with the money—and use that money to make What this amendment would do is strongest economy in the world, we our Nation safer by reaching out to provide funding, again, for 1,000 dis- have doctors and nurses today who are people throughout the world and ex- tressed communities, from Vermont to dealing with people with COVID–19 and panding educational and cultural ex- Oklahoma, which would receive Fed- don’t even have the personal protective change programs. eral funding to hire more public school equipment that they need? How in In other words, the theory behind teachers, provide nutritious meals to God’s name does that happen? this whole bill is that, by spending $740 children and parents, and offer free tui- We are spending 18 percent of our billion on the building of planes and tion to public colleges, universities, or GDP on healthcare—twice as much as tanks and guns and the most sophisti- trade schools. any other country. Yet we cannot pro- cated weapons of mass destruction in At this pivotal moment in American vide a $1 mask to a doctor or to a nurse the history of the world, it will make history, we have to make a funda- whose life is at stake. It is not only us safer. Well, I am not so sure. Maybe mental decision that we want to con- doctors and nurses. what makes us safer is when we break tinue spending billions on endless wars What a number of countries around down the fears and the hatred that in the Middle East, on weapons of mass the world are doing, which is very exist between peoples all over the destruction—of which we have more smart, is producing or acquiring large world. Maybe what makes us safer is than enough—or do we provide decent numbers of high-quality masks, and when we get to know each other—that jobs and education and healthcare for they are distributing those masks to is, as human beings—whether we are millions of people in our country? all of the households in their countries. Chinese or Russians or Iranians or Bra- Further, a major reason why there is We should be making sure that every zilians or Canadians. Maybe we all so much waste, fraud, and abuse at the household in this country has the share the same human aspirations. Pentagon is, in fact, that the Defense masks that each needs. That will save Throughout history, it has always Department remains the only Federal lives. There is an estimate from the been easy to demonize people you don’t agency in America that hasn’t been University of Washington that it could know—always easy. That is what able to pass an independent audit, save 30,000 lives during this pandemic if demagogues have always done. We are which deals with the second amend- 95 percent of the American people were fearful of Jews, of Blacks, of the Irish, ment that I have introduced. to wear masks. It would also save us a of Italians, and of gay people. It is so I don’t think it is too much to say substantial sum of money because it is easy to demonize people with whom we that the largest agency of the Federal a lot cheaper to invest in masks than are not comfortable and don’t know. Government has to pass an inde- in the hospitalizations for those who They are not in our communities, and pendent audit. have the virus. I should mention that we don’t know anybody. Let’s demon- There is nobody in the Senate who other countries that are not as wealthy ize the people of Iran, and let’s demon- does not believe there is massive waste as we are—countries like South Korea, ize the people of China and Russia. and fraud at the Pentagon. Defense France, Turkey, Austria, and others— This is not saying that I or anybody contractor after defense contractor has are doing just that. else here is in agreement with their pled guilty to fraud. We have massive Again, this is an idea that has won policies, but are weapons the only ap- cost overruns. support from not only Dr. Fauci but proach we have toward them? Yes, we In the second amendment that I am from other leading healthcare experts need a strong military, and I believe in offering, which has been cosponsored who testified before the Committee on a strong military. Do you know what I by Senator GRASSLEY, a longtime Re- Health, Education, Labor, and Pen- also believe? When we have kids from publican leader here; Senator LEE, a sions yesterday. That is the third the United States who go to other Republican from Utah; and Senator amendment—making sure that we uti- countries and when other countries WYDEN, of Oregon, all that we are ask- lize the Defense Production Act to send their kids, their farmers, their ing is that there be an independent produce the masks that our medical doctors, their nurses to America and audit of the Defense Department and professionals and the American people when we get to know each other, we that it be completed no later than fis- need. We can save tens of thousands of have a shot at breaking down the irra- cal year 2025. It is not a very radical lives and hundreds of billions of dollars tional hatred which foments so many idea. by doing it. problems throughout the world. The third amendment I am offering is The fourth amendment I have filed As a former mayor, I can tell you— one that, I would hope and expect, would prohibit funding for military aid and I am not alone—that this idea of would have wide support right here. I and logistical support for the disas- sister cities is certainly not a radical think it does have support among the trous, Saudi-led war in Yemen. I be- idea. I suspect that almost everybody American people, and it certainly has lieve it is past time that we put an end here in the Senate comes from a State widespread support among the medical to our unconstitutional and unauthor- in which a sister city program exists or community and the epidemiologists of ized participation in this war. that you have programs with cities in this country. On this issue, I am certainly not other countries. In Vermont, we have a Just yesterday, I was participating in alone. A bipartisan majority of the number of them. I started several of a hearing of the Committee on Health, U.S. Senate has already voted three them when I was the mayor of Bur- Education, Labor, and Pensions. We times—not once, not twice, but three lington. It was a beautiful thing to had the leading experts in this country, times—to halt all U.S. military sup- see—kids from another country coming including several representatives of the port for the Saudi-led war in Yemen. It to our country and our people going to Trump administration—Dr. Fauci and is time for us to do that again—this other countries and learning. others—talking about the pandemic time, not just in words but in action. All I am asking for is one-tenth of 1 and what we could do about it. There We should have no money going toward percent—$7 billion—no, less than that. was widespread consensus. Nobody, I U.S. participation in this horrible war, What am I talking about? All I am ask- think, has any doubt anymore, except which is destroying a nation with some ing for is $700 million to encourage cul- maybe Donald Trump, that masks are of the poorest, most desperate people tural and educational exchange pro- a very, very important preventive on Earth. grams. By taking this tiny fraction measure. They are not going to solve So that is the fourth amendment, from our defense budget—one-tenth of all of the problems, but the evidence is and I think it would be hard for any- 1 percent—and applying it to these ex- overwhelming that the people who body here to deny that it is an impor- change programs, we will send a mes- wear masks in public, when they are tant amendment. This has already sage about the critical role these ex- around other people, are less likely to been, in one form or another, passed change programs play. They exist all transmit the virus or to receive the three times. So let’s get some teeth over this country already, but I want virus. Nobody doubts that anymore. into it. to see them grow, in supporting not

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.030 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4100 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 only American security but our com- known each other for years and, I opposed to amendments. We are just mon, global security. Therefore, I have think, respect each other. We have trying to—with the understanding and listed and described five amendments. very, very different philosophical the realization that things are done in Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- leanings, but that does not mean we the Senate with unanimous consent sent to set aside the pending amend- cannot respect each other. and that one person has a lot of power ment and call up the following amend- All I would say to my friend from to stop a lot of other people, we don’t ments en bloc: Senate amendment Nos. Oklahoma is that the function of the want that to happen. We want to en- 1788, 1920, 1789, 1919, and 1918; that they Senate is for 100 Members to determine courage amendments, and we are going be reported by number; further, that what is important, not just a few. What to try to consider as many as we can. there be 2 hours of debate on the may not be important to me may be Mr. SANDERS. I would simply say to amendments, equally divided and con- important to you, and what may be im- my friend, he is quite right—unani- trolled by me or by my designee and by portant to you may not be important mous consent gives every Member a lot Senator INHOFE or his designee; and to me. Yet I think, especially on a bill of power, and I do not want to be objec- that, following the use or yielding back of this significance, the Members— tionable, but I feel very strongly on of that time, the Senate vote on the Democrats and Republicans—have a this issue, and I hope we can work on adoption of the amendments, in the right to come forward and bring forth something. order listed, without intervening ac- amendments. If I don’t like an amend- Mr. INHOFE. Thank you. tion or debate. ment and you have brought forth the Mr. SANDERS. I yield the floor. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. amendment, it is likely I am going to The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ROUNDS). Is there objection? vote against it, and you are going to ator from Washington. Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, reserv- vote against my amendment. I get it. S. 4049 ing the right to object. It is called democracy. It is the process Ms. CANTWELL. Mr. President, I The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- we go through here. I just cannot un- come to the floor to continue this de- ator from Oklahoma. derstand why we are not voting on bate about the Armed Services bill we Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, I object; amendments. When we get back, I are considering on the floor today, and although, I would like to have the op- would rather see a process take place I would just note for my colleagues portunity to look at all five of these whereby dozens of amendments are that I know that it is a general prac- amendments to see which ones would brought up and debated and voted up or tice, but my colleague from Vermont is not be consistent with the negotiation voted down. That is what, I think, this bringing up a very big, important point that is taking place right now. Senate is supposed to stand for. about amendments, and that is that I would like to make sure that every- Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, if the the NDAA is marked up in a secret, one understands that, at this very mo- Senator would yield for one more com- closed-door session. It is not like we all ment, Democrats and Republicans are ment so I may address that, Senator have a bright light, and we know what looking at a lot of amendments, as we REED and I are both in agreement. We is in there. In fact, they held the lan- have done every year for 60 years, to have been wanting amendments. We guage for 3 weeks and then now, all of make sure that we are getting the have been asking on a daily basis—now a sudden, thrust it onto the Senate right amendments in order to make the for about 2 months—for Members to floor and then don’t want us to offer bill the best we can. bring their amendments down so we any amendments. Now, it will just take a few minutes can consider amendments. We are in In my case, I am objecting, along for me to do this. Until then, I reserve the process now of seeing which amend- with the Senator from Vermont, as to the right to object. If we have a timing ments we are able to bring up that we a major shift in policy that is in this problem on this, I will object, but it might have reached an agreement on. proposal that shifts money away from might be that there is one I would like We are doing that. It is not an easy the Department of Energy and onto nu- to consider at this time. process, and it does take a little bit of clear weapons, where we didn’t even The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there time. Yet I am hopeful that we will vote on it. We didn’t vote on it, and objection? have amendments. I anticipate we will. members of the Energy and Natural Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, I object. Mr. SANDERS. Mr. President, if I Resources Committee are in disagree- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- may respond to my friend, JACK REED ment about this, the fact that we tion is heard. is a good friend of mine, and I know weren’t consulted and that it is basi- Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, I would that you and he are working hard and cally raiding jurisdiction. like to be recognized in order to make well together. Yet you are two Sen- Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- a comment. ators, and there are 98 others of us, and sent to have printed in the RECORD a First of all, I have great respect for on what you two may agree to be im- letter signed by myself, Senator LAMAR the Senator. I have worked with him portant or not to be important others ALEXANDER, Senator HEINRICH, Senator many times, and we have really gotten may disagree. CASSIDY, Senator WYDEN, Senator BAR- quite a bit accomplished. I know that All I am saying to the Senator is to RASSO, Senator RISCH, and Senator my friend is sincere in the statements let people bring up their amendments. SANDERS from Vermont. that he makes, but I find myself in a If the Senator doesn’t like it and I We object. We are members of the different position. don’t like it, we will vote against it. I committee. We are very senior mem- I see what has happened in previous just don’t know why we are restricting bers of the committee. We understand administrations, and, during the last 5 amendments in a Senate which is sup- the DOE budget. We understand the years of the Obama administration, I posed to be one of the great delibera- DOE responsibilities. We don’t think it saw when, in his budget, the President tive bodies in the world. The world is is right for somebody to mark up, in a reduced the military by 25 percent at supposed to look at us, but they are closed-door session, in the middle of the same time that China was increas- not looking well at us when a few peo- the National Defense Act, a taking of ing its by 83 percent and Russia was in- ple determine what is going to be voted money, basically neutering the Sec- creasing its by 34 percent. I am sen- on or not. retary of Energy, basically saying: You sitive to this, and it is one of the con- Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, I would only have half of your budget because siderations we make. respond by saying that I don’t take we are going to dictate over at the De- I do object to this amendment, but I issue with that, but I will say that we partment of Defense exactly how you am going to work with the Senator to all remember what happened a year are going to spend those dollars. see which of these might be appro- ago when this bill was up. One of our So that is a big power grab by a very priate and can be sellable to a majority Members objected to all amendments few people and certainly deserves a of the people in the Senate. coming up, and, as a result, no one got vote by the U.S. Senate. It certainly The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- an amendment up. deserves a bright light by the Amer- ator from Vermont. That isn’t happening this year be- ican people because not only are we Mr. SANDERS. Mr. President, Sen- cause the individuals who were opposed talking about this from the perspective ator INHOFE is right. He and I have to amendments last year are no longer of the taking away DOE resources and

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.031 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4101 focus from the Secretary of Energy, we 2020 letter to Chairman Inhofe and share his would probably love to know that the are also talking about putting into the concerns that provisions in the Senate hydro system didn’t have to go through hands of the Department of Defense NDAA bill undermine DOE’s ability to meet FERC relicensing, but they did have to what has been civilian oversight—civil- its mission goals and responsibility for main- go through FERC relicensing. taining the viability of the nation’s nuclear ian oversight of the production of our deterrent. And so the fact that that was in a nuclear weapons. As currently written, the Senate NDAA panoply of things stuffed into NDAA, So why is this so important, who is bill would strip the Secretary of Energy of in the final negotiation in the House, in charge of DOE’s budget? Well, I the ability to manage some of the most sen- they couldn’t get it out. So we are think the Secretary of Energy is. I sitive national security programs that ac- being held hostage one more time on think he comes before Congress. I count for almost half of the Department’s the NDAA bill for bad policy that has think he discusses with Congress what budget. Such changes could impede account- ability and Congressional oversight, as well not had the broad discussion of the that budget is. I think he talks and we U.S. Senate. talk and we review his nominees and as imperil future funding for other critical DOE responsibilities such as promoting sci- So I would say to my colleagues: If the work they do on this. entific and technological innovation, man- you care about nuclear waste cleanup, For me, in the State of Washington, aging our National Laboratories, sponsoring if you care about the agenda of our na- we have the largest nuclear cleanup basic research in the physical sciences, and tional laboratories—and I will tell you, site in the entire world. So cleaning up ensuring cleanup of the nation’s nuclear you think people are threatening you Hanford from the plutonium produc- weapons complex. right now? People are threatening us tion that was done for our efforts in Sweeping changes impacting civilian con- on cybersecurity. People don’t stick a World War II is a massive, multibil- trol of our nation’s nuclear weapons pro- sub into your waters anymore, taunt- lion-dollar-a-year cleanup. I wish it grams should only be made in consultation and coordination with the committee of ju- ing you or flying aircraft overhead; wasn’t that much, but it is, and it has risdiction in an open and transparent man- they basically put software tools into been for decades. ner. The changes included in the Senate your powerplants, into your military And people constantly look at that $2 NDAA bill have been met with opposition billion and think: We can shave some sites. We need our National Labora- from the Trump Administration, former Sec- tories to do their job, not have the of those dollars off. I am here to tell retaries of Energy, recent NNSA Administra- you, you can’t, not with leaky tanks tors, and the Congressional Advisory Panel money subverted by some agency that leaking into the groundwater and mov- on the Governance of the Nuclear Security we don’t see, they don’t come to us— ing toward the Columbia River—no. We Enterprise. they go to a few Members. They go to cannot have people taking half of the We therefore request that the provisions be the Senator from Oklahoma, but they removed from the pending bill or that the DOE budget and then basically decid- don’t come see us and talk about their Senate be allowed to vote on the relevant agenda. They basically just want an in- ing that the Department of Defense is amendments filed by Ranking Member going to decide what to do with it. crease, and instead of going through Manchin. the normal legislative process, they ba- Hanford isn’t the only site. There are Sincerely, sically are trying to short circuit both other cleanup sites—Paducah. There MARIA CANTWELL, MARTIN HEINRICH, RON are still things to do with Savannah WYDEN, MAZIE K. HIRONO, BERNIE SAND- appropriators and authorizers on this River. There are cleanup sites all over ERS, LAMAR ALEXANDER, BILL CASSIDY, important issue. the United States. JOHN BARRASSO, JAMES RISCH. So if people are proud of that lan- To, in the NDAA bill, basically, pre- Ms. CANTWELL. Mr. President, what guage, if they think it stands, they clude us from even discussing such a else is at stake? think it is the right policy, then they major policy change that is not sup- Also, at stake are our National Lab- should let us have a vote. They should ported by the Secretary of Energy, not oratories. Our National Laboratories let us have a discussion of who is in supported by the chairwoman of the do incredibly hard work for us. I know charge of DOE’s budget because, I guar- Energy and Natural Resources Com- what ours does in the Pacific North- antee you, most Americans think it is mittee or the ranking member, Senator west because they are an expert on cy- the Secretary of Energy and not a MANCHIN, whose amendment we would bersecurity. They are an expert on de- five-, seven-member subcabinet level like to seek a vote on—so I submit to tection. They are an expert on ter- over at DOD. the RECORD this letter from my col- rorism and fighting terrorism. This is appalling, and it has to stop. leagues on the Energy and Natural Re- So now, all of a sudden, you are going TRIBUTE TO JOEL CONNELLY sources Committee also objecting to to let the National Nuclear Security this language. Agency decide what that budget looks Mr. President, if I could, while I am There being no objection, the mate- like because they are going to take out here on the floor, pay tribute to rial was ordered to be printed in the more money from it. one of the most iconic newspapers in the State of Washington, the Seattle P- RECORD, as follows: Now is not the time to allow the De- I, and one of its noted journalists who UNITED STATES SENATE, partment of Defense, without our over- is retiring this week after 47 years Washington, DC, July 1, 2020. sight that we are sent here to give, to writing for the organization. Hon. MITCH MCCONNELL, decide what this budget should look Majority Leader, U.S. Senate, like. That is not their role and respon- This newspaper, which was part of Washington, DC. sibility. the Northwest history for decades, fi- Hon. CHARLES SCHUMER, nally stopped the print edition several Minority Leader, U.S. Senate, So the fact that somebody thinks they can stick this in, in a closed-door years ago, but it has still been online. Washington, DC. Joel Connelly has been an icon of the Hon. JIM INHOFE, session, and then jam us, without a Chairman, Committee on Armed Services, vote of this body to consider such a Northwest, writing about Presidents U.S. Senate, Washington, DC. major policy change, is appalling. for decades; writing about Northwest Hon. JACK REED, Now, I know that people tried to do policy, such as the outdoors; writing Ranking Member, Committee on Armed Services, this 2 years ago or a year and a half about the relationship, on inter- U.S. Senate, Washington, DC. ago and basically got taken out by the national issues, particularly with Can- DEAR MAJORITY LEADER MCCONNELL, MI- ada. NORITY LEADER SCHUMER, CHAIRMAN INHOFE, House of Representatives, but that is AND RANKING MEMBER REED: As the Senate no excuse for doing it now. People jam Joel said it best. Once he said about considers the Fiscal Year 2021 National De- so many things into this bill. Last his employer, the P-I: ‘‘We do our best fense Authorization Act (NDAA), we write to time, they jammed in basically the re- to inform you, to intrigue you, amuse express our opposition to the inclusion of licensing of a hydroelectric dam. Basi- you, and at times get under your skin.’’ controversial and far reaching provisions cally, written into this for the chair- I miss those days of journalism that would fundamentally alter the Depart- man was the revision that said they no today, where someone has so much ment of Energy’s (DOE) responsibilities for longer have to be regulated by the Fed- knowledge and information about our the nuclear weapons budget. As members of the Senate Committee on eral Energy Regulatory Commission. region, about politics in general, about Energy and Natural Resources, we write in Well, I can tell you, there are lots of society that they help keep us in- support of Secretary Brouillette’s June 29, people in the State of Washington who formed and engaged.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.033 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4102 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 Joel once interviewed Bill Clinton on The USMCA brings to bear, then, a With every trade issue that comes, it Air Force One and obviously inter- trilateral trade agreement that will is always important to remember what viewed many Presidents—both Bushes, lift prosperity across North America. President Kennedy said in his Presi- Clinton, Obama. The USMCA paves the way for freer dency about trade legislation and the He once was a Pulitzer Prize runner- markets and fairer trade. It replaces benefits of it—that if it benefits one up for his coverage of the Washington NAFTA and puts America in a better country, it benefits the others. He said Public Power Supply System, and obvi- position to expand market access for that ‘‘a rising tide lifts all boats.’’ ously he covered Hanford issues, which U.S. workers, farmers, and businesses. I am confident the USMCA will steer I just talked about many times, and Specifically, the USMCA modernizes America’s workers, farmers, and busi- many northern border issues. rules of origin for autos, sanitary and nesses to better days ahead. He probably was best known in his phytosanitary standards, intellectual I yield the floor. coverage of Idaho Governor Cecil property rules, digital trade, financial The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Andrus and wrote a book about him services, customs, labor, environment, ator from Florida. and the many fights that happened in and more. f the Northwest on land issues for many, Some of these issues I just mentioned NATIONAL BORINQUENEERS DAY many years. weren’t even around 30 years ago when Mr. SCOTT of Florida. Mr. President, So I can’t even begin to explain what NAFTA was negotiated. Modernizing I rise today to recognize and honor a it will be like without Joel Connelly at NAFTA into the 21st century was the very important group of people in our the helm of political national com- right thing to do. Nation’s history. The 65th Infantry mentary for us in the Pacific North- As we enter into this agreement, the Regiment of the U.S. Army known as west. world is navigating uncertain times, as the Borinqueneers was comprised of Nobody sharper. Nobody keener. No- we know. The unprecedented public U.S. citizens from Puerto Rico. body more experienced. Nobody who health crisis has turned the economy The Borinqueneers courageously struck more fear in me when I had to upside down. Now, more than ever, our fought for decades to defend the free- get on the phone with him because farmers, businesses, and workers need doms we enjoy today. They answered chances were he knew the issue even and deserve certainty that they can the Nation’s call to serve, and they are better than I did, and I had been pretty count on us to turn things around and the longest standing and only Active- studied on it, but that is what you get accelerate economic recovery. Duty Latino military unit in U.S. his- after 47 years in journalism. As chairman of the Senate Finance tory. So I wish him all the best, but I also Committee, with jurisdiction over On April 13, 2016, Congress awarded hope his retirement is a call for all of trade, I will be keeping a close eye on the Congressional Gold Medal to the us to remember how important jour- the implementation of this historic 65th Infantry Regiment in recognition nalism really is; that the tool and trade agreement. I want to ensure that of the Borinqueneers’ numerous con- trade of people who basically cover any kinks that come up are ironed out tributions to American history and these policies, understand them, and with appropriate flexibility, taking outstanding military service from help give commentary in their columns into consideration unforeseen cir- World War I to the recent conflicts in or in their journalism and oversight is cumstances from the pandemic, such as Afghanistan and Iraq. what helps us keep our democracy here automakers and others who were shut Today, I am honored to join my col- in the United States. down or repurposed operations to leagues in recognizing the bravery, So, Joel, I know you will be up there produce medical equipment, and that is service, and sacrifice of the Puerto on Whidbey Island and you will be just one example. I also will keep Rican soldiers of the 65th Infantry watching us from afar. I know we are watch to hold accountable all stake- Regiment and to express deep gratitude not done hearing the last of you, but I holders and ensure full compliance for the contributions to the Armed know we have heard a great com- with the trade agreement. Forces that have been made by hun- mentary for 47 years of the P-I and Now more than ever, North America dreds of thousands of patriotic U.S. your comments, and we greatly appre- must work together to harvest the citizens from Puerto Rico. ciate it. fruits of the USMCA. That is how we I am honored to designate April 13 as I yield the floor. can foster investment, innovation, and National Borinqueneers Day to ensure The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- job creation for the 478 million people their legacy lives on. History will for- ator from Iowa. who live in these 3 countries. ever pay tribute to the sacrifices these UNITED STATES-MEXICO-CANADA TRADE The U.S. International Trade Com- individuals and their families made to AGREEMENT mission estimated that the USMCA defend our freedom. Mr. GRASSLEY. Mr. President, within 5 years would raise U.S. GDP by Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- today the United States, Mexico, and $68 billion, forecasting 176,000 new jobs sent to address the Senate in Spanish. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Canada launched a new chapter in our in the United States. That is music to objection, it is so ordered. historic partnership with entry into the ears for everyone in America who (The English translation of the state- force of the U.S.-Mexico-Canada agree- has been hard hit by the pandemic’s ment made in Spanish is as follows:) ment—USMCA for short. economic fallout. Mr. SCOTT of Florida. It is my honor Thanks to the decisive leadership of Farmers in my State have enjoyed to recognize the service of these brave President Trump, the USMCA will open one of the best planting seasons in dec- American citizens from Puerto Rico the door for robust economic growth. ades. However, our livestock, poultry, who fought for our Nation. Your legacy At the same time, regarding his deci- and biofuels producers have faced cata- will live on. Thank you for your serv- sive leadership as President, this isn’t strophic disruption to their operations ice. an issue just now. This is something since the virus swept across the coun- Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- the President said in 2016; that the try. Iowa is the Nation’s No. 1 producer sent that the Senate proceed to the NAFTA was the worst trade agreement of pork, eggs, and corn. Our economy consideration of S. Res. 641, submitted that we have had, and he was going to depends on exports to grow and for our earlier today. get rid of it or revise it. Most Presi- economy to flourish. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The dents run on a platform. They may not American farmers depend on exports clerk will report. serve on that platform. This President to pay their bills and earn a living. The senior assistant legislative clerk is serving on that platform, and today Farmers simply want to grow and read as follows: the USMCA going into force for the produce for the marketplace, not for A resolution (S. Res. 641) designating April first time is absolute proof of this government bailouts. 13, 2020, as ‘‘National Borinqueneers Day’’. President keeping his promises and Today’s inauguration of the USMCA There being no objection, the Senate getting the job done. offers a bright ray of hope for North proceeded to consider the resolution. He also needs to compliment and America to plow forward and to plant Mr. SCOTT of Florida. Mr. President, thank Ambassador Lighthizer, the ne- the seeds for a robust economic recov- I ask unanimous consent that the reso- gotiator on this whole agreement. ery. lution be agreed to, the preamble be

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.034 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4103 agreed to, and the motions to recon- It would improve transparency in po- this March in which the response to a sider be considered made and laid upon lice departments by creating a national welfare check on Valente Acosta- the table with no intervening action or police misconduct registry, requiring Bustillos, a man with documented be- debate. accurate data reporting on misconduct havioral health challenges, ended with The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without and use-of-force incidents and ensuring officers fatally shooting him after he objection, it is so ordered. problematic officers cannot avoid ac- wielded a shovel that he had been using The resolution (S. Res. 641) was countability by simply changing de- to do yard work. agreed to. partments. This is not an isolated incident. The The preamble was agreed to. It would also institute a real na- evidence is everywhere that systemic (The resolution, with its preamble, is tional ban on choke holds and other reform is needed for law enforcement, printed in today’s RECORD under ‘‘Sub- deadly, restrictive airway holds. We not just in Albuquerque but all across mitted Resolutions.’’) have seen this use of lethal force kill my State and all across this country. f George Floyd and Eric Garner before Since the beginning of 2015, since the Nation reeled over the death of Mi- NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZA- him and earlier this year, in Las chael Brown in Ferguson, MO, there TION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR Cruces, NM, when a police officer have been more than 5,000—5,000—fatal 2021—Continued killed Antonio Valenzuela with a vas- cular neck restraint. While I hope that police shootings. It pains me to say Mr. SCOTT of Florida. I yield the justice will be served for Mr. Floyd’s that in that time period, New Mexico floor. has had the highest rate of these shoot- I suggest the absence of a quorum. and Mr. Valenzuela’s families, I know that these men should never have died ings in the entire country on a per cap- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ita basis. clerk will call the roll. in the first place. This lethal and un- necessary type of force should not be While our overall nationwide statis- The senior assistant legislative clerk tics on deaths in police custody are in- proceeded to call the roll. allowed anywhere in America. The Justice in Policing Act would complete—which is a problem in and of Mr. HEINRICH. Mr. President, I ask itself—the data we do have makes it unanimous consent that the order for put an end to the injudicious use of no- knock warrants that led to the murder clear that police in the United States the quorum call be rescinded and to are killing people at a rate much high- speak as in morning business. of Breonna Taylor in Louisville, KY. In order to prevent future er than our peer nations. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. COT- A review of media-reported, arrest- extrajudicial killings like the murder TON). Without objection, it is so or- related deaths in the Bureau of Justice of Ahmaud Arbery earlier this year by dered. Statistics found that more than 1,300 vigilantes in Georgia, the Justice in JUSTICE IN POLICING ACT people died in police custody in the 10 Policing Act would also finally des- Mr. HEINRICH. Mr. President, Amer- months from June 2015 to March 2016. ignate lynching as a Federal crime. icans are demanding an end to the per- During that same period, only 13 people The legislation would also make sistent racial injustice and violence in the United Kingdom died in or after broad improvements in training for po- that inflicts our country. being in police custody. Protestors have gathered outside of lice officers. That includes implicit While we are a much larger country, the White House and the Capitol. New bias training to confront the prejudice even on a per capita basis, that means Mexicans from our biggest city to our that contributes to racial profiling and that Americans are being killed at a smallest communities are marching for confrontational treatment of people of rate of approximately six times higher meaningful change. color. than in the UK. Many, if not most, of I have joined these protests in Eman- We must also make deescalation and these deaths fall or are deemed ‘‘justi- cipation Hall, in the streets of Wash- crisis intervention techniques standard fied’’ by law enforcement, but I want to ington, DC, and now I am joining them operating procedures in encounters and say in the strongest possible terms: We from the U.S. Senate floor. make the use of lethal force the abso- can’t keep accepting a system that jus- The systemic racism being called out lute last resort. tifies this level of deadly violence. is real, and it is all around us all of the In my State, we have seen far too The House of Representatives dem- time. Within law enforcement, we have many incidents in which police have onstrated last week that we can take seen it in the horrific videos docu- killed people of color with lethal tac- action to address this system. Answer- menting the racist violence that took tics or responded to New Mexicans ex- ing the calls of Americans all across the lives of Black men and women at periencing mental illness or addiction our country, the House voted to pass the hands of police officers and with unnecessary force that resulted in the Justice in Policing Act. The Senate extrajudicial killers. death. Nearly a decade ago, the Depart- needs to do the same because no one As a father raising two sons, my ment of Justice began an investigation should be above the law—no one, in- heart aches for the parents whose sons’ into the Albuquerque Police Depart- cluding those in law enforcement. and daughters’ names we now chant ment after numerous such fatal police While I believe these last weeks and loudly in the streets. encounters. months of Americans calling for jus- It is unacceptable for any American In 2014, the Department of Justice re- tice have changed many hearts and to live in fear of violent encounters leased its report that cited chronic minds, I am not naive enough to be- when they enter public spaces or retail abuses of civil rights, widespread com- lieve the current administration is ei- stores or just go out for a walk. The munity distrust, and a pattern of ex- ther willing or capable of bringing the very fact that painful experiences with cessive force across the department. level of change that Americans are de- law enforcement are ubiquitous among For these past 6 years, the Albu- manding. so many in our Nation should be evi- querque Police Department has been Unfortunately, in the last 31⁄2 years, dence enough that our current model of under a federally enforced consent de- President Trump and his Justice De- policing is not working. That is why I cree that has brought much needed partment have either turned a blind am proud to support my colleagues changes in hiring, training, and use-of- eye, excused, or even openly encour- Senator BOOKER and Senator HARRIS to force policies. aged a more violent police culture. cosponsor the Justice in Policing Act. This ongoing process of changing just Starting under Attorney General Jeff This sweeping legislation reforms the this one police department’s culture is Sessions and certainly continuing police system as Americans across the far from complete. Court hearings con- under Attorney General Bill Barr country demand an end to police vio- tinue, and a federally appointed mon- today, this administration has spent lence that is disproportionately tar- itor continues to oversee the yearslong much more time and Department of geting communities of color. It would process of completing all of the re- Justice resources aiding the Presi- address qualified immunity standards forms in the federally mandated, court- dent’s own political battles and imple- in Federal law which currently stand approved settlement agreement. menting even harsher penalties on in the way of police officers being held We have still seen multiple fatal po- Americans than on holding police de- accountable in court when they violate lice shootings each year since reforms partments accountable for guaran- constitutional rights. began. That includes one case from just teeing equal justice under the law.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.036 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4104 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 None of this excuses us in the U.S. Now, I want to be careful to empha- months and years ahead. Let’s rebuild Senate from our own responsibility to size that the responsibility for chang- our country to create an America that lead. We have a moral obligation, as ing this mentality must not fall en- includes all of us. Let’s rebuild our Senators, to grapple with how we can tirely on the shoulders of our law en- country in a way that respects the bring about necessary Federal changes forcement officers because we also rec- human dignity of Black lives and pro- with better Federal policies. That ognize that our law enforcement offi- vides safety and opportunity to all of should start with passing the account- cers, too, are being impacted and us. Let’s rebuild America to become ability measures, the meaningful im- harmed by this broken system. We, as the place we all want it to be: a nation provements to police training, and the a society, have asked them to treat the where we see each other as fellow bans on excessive lethal force tactics symptoms and respond to the defi- human beings, equally deserving of life that are in the Justice in Policing Act. ciencies that all of us have allowed to and liberty. We also need to encourage the persist in education, in healthcare, in There is still so much more hard changes that will necessarily need to addiction treatment, and in housing. work ahead of us. Passing the Justice come at the local government level. On a daily basis, police officers ad- in Policing Act is a first meaningful Advocates are calling on local govern- dress the most acute impacts of our step on a long path forward. ments to reassess their budgets and not solving those other issues. I would I suggest the absence of a quorum. how much they have prioritized polic- argue that this is because the same The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ing and prisons over education and wrongheaded ‘‘us versus them’’ warrior clerk will call the roll. housing. They are also calling on their mentality that I have been describing The legislative clerk proceeded to local leaders to reimagine a world has long resided within this very insti- call the roll. where armed police officers are not the tution and has been baked into our Mrs. BLACKBURN. I ask unanimous responders dispatched to all crisis situ- country as a whole. consent that the order for the quorum ations. It is the same warrior mentality that call be rescinded. Last week, the mayor of Albu- has fueled the Federal Government’s The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without querque, Tim Keller, announced a pro- ineffective and racist War on Drugs and objection, it is so ordered. posal to create an entirely new public War on Crime over the course of the FREE SPEECH safety department that would dispatch last 50 years. Intentionally or not, Mrs. BLACKBURN. Mr. President, social workers, housing and homeless- these policies helped build what advo- over the past few months, we have all ness specialists, and violence preven- cates label the ‘‘school-to-prison pipe- watched the power that the digital tion and diversion program experts in- line’’ and the ‘‘New Jim Crow.’’ ‘‘New community has to make someone’s stead of police officers to homeless- Jim Crow’’ may sound harsh, but in my passing thought go viral and the power ness, so-called down-and-out calls, and estimation, it is an astonishingly accu- that the digital mob has to make con- behavioral health crises. rate way to describe the unequal soci- troversial voices completely disappear. This is the scale of systemic change ety we have created across our entire Well, who is the ‘‘digital mob’’ ex- that we need to be thinking about and country. actly, because right now we are hear- devoting real resources toward imple- More than half a century since the ing a lot about mob rule. Sometimes it menting in all of our communities. We marchers in the civil rights movement is hard to tell who the mob actually is. all need to carefully assess the effec- called on us to create an America Is it the millions of users who swarm tiveness of continuing a status quo in where we were all judged by the con- social media platforms at the very first law enforcement that is clearly not tent of our character rather than the hint of a controversy, or is it the pro- keeping all of us safe. fessional activists who provoke many It will not be easy to dismantle the color of our skin, we find ourselves fac- of these attacks? They seem to know ‘‘us versus them’’ warrior mentality ing the same challenges as 50 years just when to pitch a thought, a word, that is so pervasive in far too many of ago, with implicit bias and structural our law enforcement agencies. If you inequities ravaging our communities of or an idea. Could it be the platforms treat the communities that you police color. That is what you get after com- themselves that cave to the pressure like they are war zones, you create a bining militarized policing with overly and police speech when they don’t relationship that dehumanizes the very harsh sentencing laws, mass incarcer- agree with that speech? people you are charged to protect, and ation, private prisons, continued insti- So let’s drill down on this just a lit- you fuel more of the very violence and tutional racial discrimination, and a tle bit. Today I want to focus on the crime that you are supposed to pre- decades-long disinvestment in public Googles and the Facebooks of the vent. education, affordable housing, food as- world because, when it comes down to Our streets in American communities sistance, addiction treatment, and it, they are the ones that are in the should never be treated like battle- healthcare resources. driver’s seat. They are the ones that fields. Our local law enforcement offi- That is the system we are talking end up calling the shots. cers should not be armed with mili- about when we talk about systemic For years, tech companies have tary-grade equipment or AR–15s or racism. It will take more than nice waged a very public war against plat- MRAP armored vehicles. They should words and kind wishes in a fleeting pe- form users who speak out against the not be meeting peaceful protesters or riod of weeks to dismantle that system popular narrative, and the executives demonstrators with teargas, flash gre- that has been built up in the 400 years charged with defending these calls rou- nades, or rubber bullets. Police officers since the first slaves were brought to tinely struggle to explain the arbitrary should not be treating any of us—what- our shores and in the last 50 years of nature of their content-moderation ever our race and regardless of the rea- rapidly growing mass incarceration. policies. son we are encountering them—as if we The sooner we finally recognize this, Every time moderators remove a post are enemy combatants. the sooner we can try to envision and for what is called shocking content or This militarized version of policing is implement effective, comprehensive re- cause a moral panic by placing a warn- simply not the way to keep the peace forms on the scale necessary to create ing label on satire, Big Tech asks us to or create a sense of public safety in our institutions that look out for all of us. just, oh, write it off: It was a mistake. communities. It has created a distrust Over the last months, as we have all We really didn’t mean to do it. Move in police and perpetuated trauma and confronted the health and economic on. inequities in communities across our crises brought on by the COVID–19 pan- But we haven’t moved on because the country. demic, I have often heard that we need platforms themselves have provided I believe that we must transform this to get back to normal. But that version plenty of evidence to confirm that Big dangerous warrior mentality into a of normal was not working for all of us. Tech’s employees bring their bias to guardian and neighborhood support Rather than hoping to get back to the workplace. Bear in mind, all of mentality that looks to serve all mem- that unequal and unjust normal of be- these employees who are developing bers of our communities. We should re- fore, I would offer this challenge to all the search models—the algorithms that member that police officers are sup- of us. We have an opportunity—an op- are prioritizing your search, that are posed to be officers of the peace. portunity to rebuild our country in the mining your data, that are policing

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.038 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4105 your speech—are bringing their bias percent of the time. The dynamic be- how information is prioritized through and their prejudice to the workplace. tween users and platforms has changed. your search engine. We are not going These fears were confirmed back in And now, Congress must change the to allow Big Tech and their political 2017 when the New York Times re- law that guides that dynamic. bias to data-mine every email, every ported that a Twitter employee inten- Here is the problem. This country text, and every search, and then use tionally—intentionally—deleted Presi- has become so polarized, I am not sure that to access your information online. dent Trump’s account, not because of Big Tech understands what a healthy Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- any violation but because the employee dynamic would actually look like. No sent to have printed in the RECORD the had an ax to grind. They did not like longer do their choices seem to make previously referenced articles from the President Donald Trump. sense to many Americans. The compul- New York Times and the Wall Street This May, the Wall Street Journal sion to flag and report and threaten Journal. revealed that Facebook set up a has become a reflex. When the digital There being no objection, the mate- multistep approval process for changes mob chooses to attack on any given rial was ordered to be printed in the to its ‘‘integrity ranking initiative’’ day, then, their choices are going to RECORD, as follows: due to ‘‘reasonable concerns that over- change with every news cycle. As we [Nov. 2, 2017] zealous engineers might let their poli- have seen, this heavily influences how ROGUE TWITTER EMPLOYEE BRIEFLY SHUTS tics influence the platform.’’ Big Tech chooses to police content on DOWN TRUMP’S ACCOUNT Think about that. Facebook set up a their platforms. (By Maggie Astor) multistep approval process for changes You may have been saying or posting This is the way the world ends: not with a to its integrity ranking initiative due something for years—no problem. But bang but a deleted Twitter account. to reasonable concerns that over- then one day, that digital mob—be- At least, so it appeared for 11 minutes zealous engineers might let their poli- cause of the news cycle—will choose to Thursday evening, when visitors to Presi- tics influence the platform. Do you attack you. dent Trump’s personal account, think? Of course they were. Of course Conservatives have suffered under @realDonaldTrump, were informed that they were. The problem: They have this mob rule. There is no denying it. there was no such thing. The error message on some devices was been doing it all along and trying to There is no denying that there is a dig- even more dire: ‘‘@realDonaldTrump does say it is just your imagination when, ital mob. But reform can happen with- not exist.’’ actually, it is not. out overextending the heavy hand of Amid a presidency that has seemed, at I don’t think anyone anticipated that Federal regulation over the entire tech times, to be conducted primarily in 140-char- digital platforms would become power- industry. As someone who knows what acter pieces, this was a seismic event—and ful enough to act as judge and jury it feels like to be censored, I get it. I what was left of Twitter erupted. It was a over what information Americans absolutely understand why we need raucous, modern-day town-square gathering should be allowed to access online. these reforms and why Congress needs of the sort not seen since . . . well, since five months ago, when Mr. Trump coined a new Congress certainly didn’t anticipate it to act now, this year. But I also know word in the middle of the night. when drafting legislation to keep those that the more you rely on threats to It was just before 7 p.m. Thursday, and the companies in check. But they have motivate good corporate behavior, the internet was in an uproar. Time stopped. The overstepped their bounds. They con- more likely you will be to find reasons sun rose in the west and set in the east. tinue to misbehave until we come to follow through on them. What, the watchers wondered, was going on? along and slap their hand, and then We must find stronger ways to rein Had Twitter closed the president’s account? they try to act as if they are going to in tech firms seeking to become the Had a White House aide snatched the phone solve their problems, which leads us to new speech police. We know for a fact from Mr. Trump’s tweeting hands? Had Rob- ert Mueller chosen this moment to rifle our current debate over section 230 re- that Big Tech’s biases are the problem. through the president’s direct messages? Had form. But when did more government become Mr. Trump himself—could it be?—decided Big Tech relies on section 230 of the the solution? We already tried that ap- he’d had enough of his favorite medium? Communications Decency Act to shield proach. We called it the fairness doc- The answer, revealed three hours later, themselves from content-based litiga- trine. Guess what. It did not work. In- was something straight out of ‘‘Office tion. The statute also acts as a sword stead of encouraging free and fair dis- Space.’’ After saying in an initial statement that platforms can engage to remove course, powerful parties use those rigid that the account had been ‘‘inadvertently de- content they judge to be obscene, vio- standards as leverage to control activated due to human error by a Twitter employee,’’ Twitter announced that a rogue lent, harassing, or otherwise objection- speech. customer support worker had done it on his able. And, I will tell you, I can think of or her last day at the company. In the section 230 world, then, the few things more dangerous than allow- Many of Mr. Trump’s supporters were in- users—the users—are responsible for ing lawmakers and bureaucrats to censed, with some saying the incident what they post, not the platform that weaponize the full force of the Federal showed a disregard for free speech. His oppo- hosts the content. Government against the private ex- nents, on the other hand, were gleeful. The platforms, however, have the change of information. ‘‘America: Hire this person,’’ former Rep- right to set their own content guide- What we do know is this. Big Tech’s resentative John Dingell of Michigan lines within limits without being sued. tweeted. era of self-regulation is over. It no Even before Twitter confirmed that the de- That sounds reasonable. Section 230 is longer works. Big Tech is not a group activation had been deliberate, some were important, specifically, because of of infant companies. They are referred speculating about it. what it doesn’t do. It does not force to as Big Tech because they have In the tech world, the statement raised companies to choose between moder- grown. more questions than it answered. Twitter ating every piece of content they host This self-regulation is over. It is time has never said how many employees have ac- and letting their websites turn into the for Congress to take an action. But pu- cess to Mr. Trump’s account, or described Wild West. nitive, one-size-fits-all standards will the safeguards it has in place for its highest- But, as I said, no legislation could put these tech companies in a strait- profile users. And the company is already under the microscope in Washington, where have anticipated our current digital jacket. It would hamper innovation, Congress is investigating how technology gi- landscape. Big Tech companies like and, eventually, it would collapse the ants might have shaped the outcome of the Google and Facebook now have the industry. 2016 presidential election. power to ruin content creators who Instead, we should set up and give Mr. Trump was locked out for just 11 min- step out of line. And it is their line. Big Tech guidance that will encourage utes, and then, just as suddenly, he was Even if those creators manage to stay growth and will encourage innovation, back. Those watching found themselves un- on the right side of the moderators, while also making it abundantly clear scathed—though some could not quite shake they know their online presence—and that Congress will not allow Big Tech’s a sense of dread. The president himself got back to business many times this is also their liveli- political bias to determine what infor- as if nothing had happened, tweeting at 8:05 hood—lives or dies at the hands of em- mation Americans are allowed to ac- p.m.: ‘‘Great Tax Cut rollout today. The lob- ployees given the near-impossible task cess online. We will not allow Big Tech byists are storming Capital Hill, but the Re- of remaining completely neutral 100 and their political bias to determine publicans will hold strong and do what is

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.040 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4106 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 right for America!’’ He then fired off four ation of social media, decades of Pew Re- employees said weren’t unique to Germany more tweets, denouncing the Democratic Na- search Center surveys have shown. But 60% or the Groups product. In a presentation at tional Committee and James B. Comey be- of Americans think the country’s biggest an international security conference in Feb- fore inviting viewers to watch his interview tech companies are helping further divide ruary, Mr. Zuckerberg said the company with Laura Ingraham on Fox News. the country, while only 11% believe they are tries not to recommend groups that break its And so, back in the offices and homes of uniting it, according to a Gallup-Knight sur- rules or are polarizing. the nation, the people of Twitter could only vey in March. ‘‘We’ve learned a lot since 2016 and are not sit back and reflect. At Facebook, ‘‘There was this soul-search- the same company today,’’ a Facebook For better or for worse, the world seemed ing period after 2016 that seemed to me this spokeswoman said. ‘‘We’ve built a robust in- predictable again, and one user made his pre- period of really sincere, ‘Oh man, what if we tegrity team, strengthened our policies and diction bold. ‘‘Man,’’ Alex Zalben wrote, ‘‘in really did mess up the world?’ ’’ said Eli practices to limit harmful content, and used like nine months there’s gonna be a ton of Pariser, co-director of Civic Signals, a research to understand our platform’s im- Trump Twitter blackout babies.’’ project that aims to build healthier digital pact on society so we continue to improve.’’ spaces, and who has spoken to Facebook offi- Facebook in February announced $2 million [May 26, 2020] cials about polarization. in funding for independent research pro- FACEBOOK EXECUTIVES SHUT DOWN EFFORTS Mr. Pariser said that started to change posals on polarization. TO MAKE THE SITE LESS DIVISIVE after March 2018, when Facebook got in hot The Common Ground team sought to tack- le the polarization problem directly, said (By Jeff Horwitz and Deepa Seetharaman) water after disclosing that Cambridge Analytica, the political-analytics startup, people familiar with the team. Data sci- A Facebook Inc. FB 0.35% team had a blunt improperly obtained Facebook data about entists involved with the effort found some message for senior executives. The com- tens of millions of people. The shift has interest groups—often hobby-based groups pany’s algorithms weren’t bringing people gained momentum since, he said: ‘‘The inter- with no explicit ideological alignment— together. They were driving people apart. nal pendulum swung really hard to ‘the brought people from different backgrounds ‘‘Our algorithms exploit the human brain’s media hates us no matter what we do, so together constructively. Other groups ap- attraction to divisiveness,’’ read a slide from let’s just batten down the hatches.’ ’’ peared to incubate impulses to fight, spread a 2018 presentation. ‘‘If left unchecked,’’ it In a sign of how far the company has falsehoods or demonize a population of out- warned, Facebook would feed users ‘‘more moved, Mr. Zuckerberg in January said he siders. and more divisive content in an effort to would stand up ‘‘against those who say that In keeping with Facebook’s commitment gain user attention & increase time on the new types of communities forming on social to neutrality, the teams decided Facebook platform.’’ media are dividing us.’’ People who have shouldn’t police people’s opinions, stop con- That presentation went to the heart of a heard him speak privately said he argues so- flict on the platform, or prevent people from question dogging Facebook almost since its cial media bears little responsibility for po- forming communities. The vilification of founding: Does its platform aggravate polar- larization. one’s opponents was the problem, according ization and tribal behavior? He argues the platform is in fact a guard- to one internal document from the team. The answer it found, in some cases, was ian of free speech, even when the content is ‘‘We’re explicitly not going to build prod- yes. objectionable—a position that drove ucts that attempt to change people’s be- Facebook had kicked off an internal effort Facebook’s decision not to fact-check polit- liefs,’’ one 2018 document states. ‘‘We’re fo- to understand how its platform shaped user ical advertising ahead of the 2020 election. cused on products that increase empathy, behavior and how the company might ad- understanding, and humanization of the dress potential harms. Chief Executive Mark INTEGRITY TEAMS ‘other side.’ ’’ Zuckerberg had in public and private ex- Facebook launched its research on divisive HOT-BUTTON ISSUES content and behavior at a moment when it pressed concern about ‘‘sensationalism and One proposal sought to salvage conversa- was grappling with whether its mission to polarization.’’ tions in groups derailed by hot-button issues, ‘‘connect the world’’ was good for society. But in the end, Facebook’s interest was according to the people familiar with the Fixing the polarization problem would be fleeting. Mr. Zuckerberg and other senior ex- team and internal documents. If two mem- difficult, requiring Facebook to rethink ecutives largely shelved the basic research, bers of a Facebook group devoted to par- some of its core products. Most notably, the according to previously unreported internal enting fought about vaccinations, the mod- project forced Facebook to consider how it documents and people familiar with the ef- erators could establish a temporary sub- prioritized ‘‘user engagement’’—a metric in- fort, and weakened or blocked efforts to group to host the argument or limit the fre- volving time spent, likes, shares and com- apply its conclusions to Facebook products. quency of posting on the topic to avoid a Facebook policy chief Joel Kaplan, who ments that for years had been the lodestar of public flame war. played a central role in vetting—proposed its system. Another idea, documents show, was to Championed by Chris Cox, Facebook’s changes, argued at the time that efforts to tweak recommendation algorithms to sug- chief product officer at the time and a top make conversations on the platform more gest a wider range of Facebook groups than deputy to Mr. Zuckerberg, the work was car- civil were ‘‘paternalistic,’’ said people famil- people would ordinarily encounter. iar with his comments. ried out over much of 2017 and 2018 by engi- Building these features and combating po- Another concern, they and others said, was neers and researchers assigned to a cross-ju- larization might come at a cost of lower en- that some proposed changes would have dis- risdictional task force dubbed ‘‘Common gagement, the Common Ground team warned proportionately affected conservative users Ground’’ and employees in newly created in a mid–2018 document, describing some of and publishers, at a time when the company ‘‘Integrity Teams’’ embedded around the its own proposals as ‘‘antigrowth’’ and re- faced accusations from the right of political company. quiring Facebook to ‘‘take a moral stance.’’ bias. Even before the teams’ 2017 creation, Taking action would require Facebook to Facebook revealed few details about the ef- Facebook researchers had found signs of form partnerships with academics and non- fort and has divulged little about what be- trouble. A 2016 presentation that names as profits to give credibility to changes affect- came of it. In 2020, the questions the effort author a Facebook researcher and sociolo- ing public conversation, the document says. sought to address are even more acute, as a gist, Monica Lee, found extremist content This was becoming difficult as the company charged presidential election looms and thriving in more than one-third of large Ger- slogged through controversies after the 2016 Facebook has been a conduit for conspiracy man political groups on the platform. presidential election. theories and partisan sparring about the Swamped with racist, conspiracy-minded and ‘‘People don’t trust us,’’ said a presen- coronavirus pandemic. pro-Russian content, the groups were dis- tation created in the summer of 2018. In essence, Facebook is under fire for mak- proportionately influenced by a subset of hy- The engineers and data scientists on ing the world more divided. Many of its own peractive users, the presentation notes. Most Facebook’s Integrity Teams—chief among experts appeared to agree—and to believe of them were private or secret. them, scientists who worked on newsfeed, Facebook could mitigate many of the prob- The high number of extremist groups was the stream of posts and photos that greet lems. The company chose not to. concerning, the presentation says. Worse was users when they visit Facebook—arrived at Mr. Kaplan in a recent interview said he Facebook’s realization that its algorithms the polarization problem indirectly, accord- and other executives had approved certain were responsible for their growth. The 2016 ing to people familiar with the teams. Asked changes meant to improve civic discussion. presentation states that ‘‘64% of all extrem- to combat fake news, spam, clickbait and In other cases where proposals were blocked, ist group joins are due to our recommenda- inauthentic users, the employees looked for he said, he was trying to ‘‘instill some dis- tion tools’’ and that most of the activity ways to diminish the reach of such ills. One cipline, rigor and responsibility into the came from the platform’s ‘‘Groups You early discovery: Bad behavior came dis- process’’ as he vetted the effectiveness and Should Join’’ and ‘‘Discover’’ algorithms: proportionately from a small pool of potential unintended consequences of ‘‘Our recommendation systems grow the hyperpartisan users. changes to how the platform operated. problem.’’ A second finding in the U.S. saw a larger Internally, the vetting process earned a Ms. Lee, who remains at Facebook, didn’t infrastructure of accounts and publishers on nickname: ‘‘Eat Your Veggies.’’ respond to inquiries. Facebook declined to the far right than on the far left. Outside ob- Americans were drifting apart on funda- respond to questions about how it addressed servers were documenting the same phe- mental societal issues well before the cre- the problem in the presentation, which other nomenon. The gap meant even seemingly

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.003 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4107 apolitical actions such as reducing the became Facebook super-sharers to promote ators. Once passed, the law will double spread of clickbait headlines—along the lines cookies? Mitigating the reach of the plat- the length of time we require tech of ‘‘You Won’t Believe What Happened form’s most dedicated users would unfairly firms like Facebook and Snapchat to Next’’—affected conservative speech more thwart them, he said. preserve evidence and reports of online than liberal content in aggregate. Mr. Kaplan in the recent interview said he That was a tough sell to Mr. Kaplan, said didn’t remember raising the Girl Scout ex- child exploitation. people who heard him discuss Common ample but was concerned about the effect on In 2018, tech companies reported over Ground and Integrity proposals. A former publishers who happened to have enthusi- 45 million—45 million—photos and vid- deputy chief of staff to George W. Bush, Mr. astic followings. eos of children being sexually abused. Kaplan became more involved in content- The debate got kicked up to Mr. Unfortunately, that was double the ranking decisions after 2016 allegations Zuckerberg, who heard out both sides in a number of reports in 2017. This legisla- Facebook had suppressed trending news sto- short meeting, said people briefed on it. His tion will give the police more time to response: Do it, but cut the weighting by ries from conservative outlets. An internal investigate these horrific crimes. It review didn’t substantiate the claims of bias, 80%. Mr. Zuckerberg also signaled he was Facebook’s then-general counsel Colin losing interest in the effort to recalibrate will put child predators in jail where Stretch told Congress, but the damage to the platform in the name of social good, they they belong. Facebook’s reputation among conservatives said, asking that they not bring him some- I yield the floor. had been done. thing like that again. I suggest the absence of a quorum. Every significant new integrity-ranking Mr. Uribe left Facebook and the tech in- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The initiative had to seek the approval of not dustry within the year. He declined to dis- clerk will call the roll. just engineering managers but also rep- cuss his work at Facebook in detail but con- The bill clerk proceeded to call the resentatives of the public policy, legal, mar- firmed his advocacy for the Sparing Sharing roll. keting and public-relations departments. proposal. He said he left Facebook because of Mr. SCHUMER. Madam President, I his frustration with company executives and Lindsey Shepard, a former Facebook prod- ask unanimous consent that the order uct-marketing director who helped set up their narrow focus on how integrity changes the Eat Your Veggies process, said it arose would affect American politics. While pro- for the quorum call be rescinded. from what she believed were reasonable con- posals like his did disproportionately affect The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mrs. cerns that overzealous engineers might let conservatives in the U.S., he said, in other BLACKBURN). Without objection, it is so their politics influence the platform. countries the opposite was true. ordered. ‘‘Engineers that were used to having au- Other projects met Sparing Sharing’s fate: UNANIMOUS CONSENT REQUEST—S. 3685 tonomy maybe over-rotated a bit’’ after the weakened, not killed. Partial victories in- Mr. SCHUMER. Madam President, cluded efforts to promote news stories gar- 2016 election to address Facebook’s perceived today is July 1. For millions of Ameri- flaws, she said. The meetings helped keep nering engagement from a broad user base, that in check. ‘‘At the end of the day, if we not just partisans, and penalties for pub- cans, the rent is due. Utility bills don’t didn’t reach consensus, we’d frame up the lishers that repeatedly shared false news or stop, either. But too many New York different points of view, and then they’d be directed users to ad-choked pages. families and too many American fami- raised up to Mark.’’ The tug of war was resolved in part by the lies will be unable to make the pay- growing furor over the Cambridge Analytica SCUTTLED PROJECTS ments amid the pandemic that has al- scandal. In a September 2018 reorganization Disapproval from Mr. Kaplan’s team or ready hurt my city and its people. of Facebook’s newsfeed team, managers told The first of the month should not be Facebook’s communications department employees the company’s priorities were could scuttle a project, said people familiar shifting ‘‘away from societal good to indi- the end of the financial line for work- with the effort. Negative policy-team re- vidual value,’’ said people present for the dis- ing families, and that is why we are views killed efforts to build a classification cussion. If users wanted to routinely view or here. We must continue to put real system for hyperpolarized content. Likewise, post hostile content about groups they didn’t pressure on Leader MCCONNELL to pass the Eat Your Veggies process shut down ef- like, Facebook wouldn’t suppress it if the the COVID 4 legislation that would in- forts to suppress clickbait about politics content didn’t specifically violate the com- clude critical rent relief to families more than on other topics. pany’s rules. Initiatives that survived were often weak- who desperately need the help. Mr. Cox left the company several months Our working families—many of color ened. Mr. Cox wooed Carlos Gomez Uribe, later after disagreements regarding former head of Netflix Inc.’s recommenda- Facebook’s pivot toward private encrypted and other minority groups—are in des- tion system, to lead the newsfeed Integrity messaging. He hadn’t won most fights he had perate need of this basic assistance so Team in January 2017. Within a few months, engaged in on integrity ranking and Com- they can continue working, feeding Mr. Uribe began pushing to reduce the mon Ground product changes, people in- their families, making ends meet. That outsize impact hyperactive users had. volved in the effort said, and his departure is our push today. Under Facebook’s engagement-based left the remaining staffers working on such Enact the Emergency Rental Assist- metrics, a user who likes, shares or com- projects without a high-level advocate. ments on 1,500 pieces of content has more in- ance and Rental Market Stabilization The Common Ground team disbanded. The Act—which has a $100 billion promise fluence on the platform and its algorithms Integrity Teams still exist, though many than one who interacts with just 15 posts, al- senior staffers left the company or headed to to renters across the country—and the lowing ‘‘super-sharers’’ to drown out less-ac- Facebook’s Instagram platform. promise is real help during the real and tive users. Accounts with hyperactive en- Mr. Zuckerberg announced in 2019 that unprecedented crisis. gagement were far more partisan on average Facebook would take down content violating Let me give you some background. than normal Facebook users, and they were specific standards but where possible take a The Heroes Act would authorize $100 more likely to behave suspiciously, some- hands-off approach to policing material not times appearing on the platform as much as billion for the Emergency Rental As- clearly violating its standards. sistance Program led by SHERROD 20 hours a day and engaging in spam-like be- ‘‘You can’t impose tolerance top-down,’’ he havior. The behavior suggested some were ei- said in an October speech at Georgetown BROWN, the ranking member of the ther people working in shifts or bots. University. ‘‘It has to come from people Banking and Housing Committee, who One proposal Mr. Uribe’s team cham- opening up, sharing experiences, and devel- has just done a great job letting people pioned, called ‘‘Sparing Sharing,’’ would oping a shared story for society that we all know the crisis and now acting on it. have reduced the spread of content dis- feel we’re a part of. That’s how we make What it does is it helps families and in- proportionately favored by hyperactive progress together.’’ dividuals pay their rent and utility users, according to people familiar with it. END CHILD EXPLOITATION ACT Its effects would be heaviest on content fa- bills and remain in their homes during vored by users on the far right and left. Mid- Mrs. BLACKBURN. Mr. President, I and after the COVID–19 crisis. dle-of-the road users would gain influence. want to take a moment to thank Sen- The bill was already included in the Mr. Uribe called it ‘‘the happy face,’’ said ate Judiciary Committee Chairman House-passed and bipartisan Heroes some of the people. Facebook’s data sci- LINDSEY GRAHAM for adding the bipar- Act, but, unfortunately, once again—as entists believed it could bolster the plat- tisan and critically important END Ex- he does with so many other important form’s defenses against spam and coordi- ploitation Act to the EARN It Act, issues—Senate Majority Leader MITCH nated manipulation efforts of the sort Russia which is set for markup on Thursday. MCCONNELL has refused to bring it to undertook during the 2016 election. This bill, which I introduced with Mr. Kaplan and other senior Facebook ex- the floor, so Senator BROWN has come ecutives pushed back on the grounds it Senator CORTEZ MASTO, would lengthen to ask the unanimous consent. might harm a hypothetical Girl Scout troop, evidence preservation time in online Without basic assistance, even those said people familiar with his comments. Sup- child exploitation cases and assist law renters who are currently shielded by pose, Mr. Kaplan asked them, that the girls enforcement in prosecuting child pred- temporary Federal and local eviction

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.005 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4108 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 bans may still face eviction. Let me unlike anything any of us have ever The ones they had before, many people tell you, once someone is evicted and lived through. That goes without say- have now. Millions have them all at homeless, they regress. The kids can’t ing. Every single day we hear about once. They face impossible choices be- go to school. Healthcare becomes even hundreds and hundreds more Ameri- tween rent and groceries, or prescrip- more remote. Getting to a job through cans dying. tions, or draining their savings, or public transportation is so difficult. Back in March, South Korea had 90 going to a payday lender, and you This actually is a stitch in time that cases. We had 90 cases. The capital of never go to a payday lender once. You saves nine. If people can stay in their South Korea is 800 miles from Wuhan keep going back and back, and the in- homes because they can’t pay the rent where this virus started. They have terest you pay is more than you origi- through no fault of their own, they had fewer than 300 people die. We have nally borrowed. In essence, they have have a better chance of reestablishing had 120,000. They don’t have better doc- no choice at all. It is not a choice be- their lives and maybe even climbing up tors. They don’t have better public tween prescriptions and groceries and that American ladder. If they are health. They don’t have better medical draining their savings. It is no choice kicked out of their homes because they scientists. They have better leaders at all. Far too often, it ends up being can’t pay the rent, through no fault of than we do, obviously. Their unemploy- eviction. their own, it is very, very difficult. ment rate is under 4 percent and fewer In the CARES Act, we passed emer- They are in a deep, deep hole. than 300 people have died. The people gency expansion of unemployment in- We must, must do something for who have died are our sisters, our surance. I appreciate my friend Sen- them. Senator BROWN, with his persist- brothers, our parents, our friends, and ator CRAPO, chairman of this com- ence and passion, has put together the neighbors. mittee, who supported that and so right plan. We talk about numbers, The President of the United States much of what is in this package. We sure, but behind those numbers are the and the Republican leader down the provided funding for the most imme- faces of countless New Yorkers we see hall—who occasionally goes in and out diate needs of housing and organiza- each and every day on mass transit, of his office—have stopped pretending tions that put a temporary morato- walking the streets, working among us. to care. They rarely talk about the rium on evictions and foreclosures for These folks are fine, hard-working peo- coronavirus. The President rarely ex- some—not all renters and not nearly ple. All they want is a little dignity in tends any sympathy to our brothers all homeowners. It is an important step their lives and ability to keep a roof and our sisters and our parents and our but not enough. over their heads. They need help now friends and our neighbors who have We face two huge cliffs. This is July more than ever. been sick and who have died. It is not 1. On July 31, the $600 a month that has We need action on this now, and that the President’s rich friends who are kept people in their homes and kept is the message to our friends on the dying; it is our grandparents. They are food on their table and kept clothes on other side of the aisle. the people in nursing homes. They are the backs of their kids—that $600 a I yield the floor. disproportionately the Black and month ends come July 31. At the end, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Brown workers who caught the virus in many cases, the eviction morato- ator from Ohio. on the job. rium ends. Mr. BROWN. Madam President, I The Trump administration and Sen- The President and Leader MCCON- thank the Democratic leader. ator MCCONNELL, essentially, have just NELL don’t seem to notice. They don’t I have a prepared speech I want to given up. We can’t. We have to do our seem to care. For all those renters who make, but I heard Senator SCHUMER jobs. We need to show leadership where have been protected, back rent will talk about this. These are human the President has failed and where the suddenly be due. You may have gotten beings. We in this body are Senators. majority leader—the most powerful a moratorium on your rent for 3 We go back and forth to our States. We person in this body, the top elected of- months, but now you will owe for 4 have the privilege of working pretty ficial in the Senate, says: ‘‘I see no ur- months. The same goes for millions safe. We are paid. We aren’t exposed to gency.’’ He sees no urgency because he who aren’t protected under the CARES the virus all that much, mostly be- is not out talking to people who are Act but got relief from a temporary cause we are pretty careful because we about to be foreclosed on or evicted State or local moratorium or because can be, and we have jobs where we can from their home. Imagine being evicted their eviction courts were closed in be. in the middle of a pandemic. Imagine many States. Think about this. You work in a gro- the fear and anxiety a family have With tens of millions of people filing cery store, and you are exposed to the when they are in that position. for unemployment, the President is coronavirus. A grocery store worker We need to fight the health crisis and still refusing to lead and do something told me one day: They tell me I am es- economic crisis. We can’t do one with- about this virus to get it under control. sential, but I feel expendable because I out the other. Millions of Americans We know people still need help. They am not very safe in this job, and they are in danger of being evicted and hav- still need help paying the rent. They don’t pay me much. ing their homes foreclosed on. The last still need help making mortgage pay- What if she gets laid off—that thing we need to do is turn them out on ments. They still need help protecting wouldn’t happen so much in a grocery the streets. themselves from evictions and fore- store because they are hiring—but in We have a housing crisis. Many know closures. Forty percent of Black and another job, they get laid off. They this. Senator MENENDEZ has joined us, Latinx renters report they are unlikely have to worry about potential eviction. who is one of the best advocates for able to make their next payment—40 Their unemployment will run out at these issues of anybody in the Senate. percent. It is not because they are not the end of July. We have done nothing We knew there was a housing crisis be- working hard. They got laid off and are to help them. fore the coronavirus set. in low-wage jobs. What happens with all these people We know that one-fourth of renters That is why Senator MENENDEZ and I who get evicted? They end up on the in this country, before the coronavirus, and Senator SCHUMER and others co- streets or they go to homeless shelters paid more than half of their income in sponsored and introduced—39 of my fel- that are too crowded. They go to live housing. One thing happens in their low colleagues—introduced the Emer- on their cousin’s couch in the base- life, just one thing. Their car breaks gency Rental Assistance Stabilization ment. What are the chances of them down. Their child gets sick. They get Act. It would provide $100 billion for getting coronavirus? These are human in a car accident, and they are out of emergency rental assistance, including beings in New York and Ohio and Idaho work for a week. They get evicted. help with missed rent and utility bills. and Tennessee and all over. I can’t be- They don’t have any kind of margin It already passed the House twice. lieve we are not about to do something there. It is included in the Heroes Act that about this. We know that professions we are rec- they passed a month ago, but it is sit- I thank the leader for his involve- ognizing as essential don’t pay enough ting on the majority leader’s desk be- ment on this issue that is so impor- to afford housing. We are seeing mil- cause he doesn’t seem to notice. For tant. We are in the middle of a crisis, lions of people have these emergencies. millions of families, the bills keep

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.043 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4109 coming and the clock keeps ticking en, and support Americans in all walks ance is needed for renters, home- and the stress keeps mounting. of life, to fight the COVID–19 pandemic owners, and others in our society, I am Now a second round of layoffs are and to stabilize the infrastructure and not willing to simply bypass the proc- starting because this President refuses our economic system. ess in the Senate—ignore the consider- to lead and get this virus under con- Senator BROWN and I worked on a big ations that our leadership has called trol. part of that package together on a for as we look to see how our current Two weeks ago, they reopened evic- team which was put together by Sen- support programs are playing out—and tion courts in Columbus. They opened ator MCCONNELL to try to make sure simply jam the House bill through the the Convention Center to process evic- we addressed, in a bipartisan fashion, Senate without having any debate or tions. Think of the heartache in that the way to respond to this pandemic. process. building. People go to court and find The CARES Act has been central to This was the biggest rescue package out they are evicted. The judge brings the effort and includes measures to in the history of Congress, and we in- down a gavel, and their lives turn up- help families directly, to provide aid to cluded a variety of oversight mecha- side down. Reflect on that. Tens of mil- small businesses, to assist those in the nisms in the legislation to ensure that lions of people lose their jobs. We are medical field and on the frontlines of the dollars and programs associated not using arenas to play basketball or our response effort, and to stabilize our with it reached their intended marks. to play indoor soccer. We are not doing markets. Many of the provisions in the CARES that now. We are using arenas as evic- Soon after, Congress passed the Act and those appropriated dollars are tion courts. Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic still making their way to these individ- Before this pandemic, President Security Act—or CARES Act—codi- uals and families and businesses and Trump and his wealthy Cabinet Mem- fying and extending these protections markets across the country. bers didn’t realize or didn’t care that and providing financial relief to rent- So we must work together to address behind the rosy stock market data this ers—yes, to renters. these critical issues rather than simply economy was already broken for mil- Title IV of the CARES Act contains try to jam one party’s or one side of three housing provisions. Section 4022 lions of workers—especially for Black this Congress’s approach to the solu- imposes a 60-day eviction and fore- and Brown workers for whom it never tion without going through regular closure moratorium for single-family worked to begin. Now the Trump ad- order. borrowers with federally backed mort- ministration—sort of like what hap- I would say the arguments that are gage loans. It allows struggling home- pened with the Russians paying to kill being made that we or any of us are owners 1 year of loan forbearance. American troops—the administration somehow turning a blind eye to the Section 4023 extends similar relief to problems that exist could not be fur- either doesn’t know it or doesn’t care multifamily borrowers who are current that the bottom is falling out for these ther from the truth. As I said earlier, on their mortgage payments. They can the reality is that we passed the larg- families. request up to 90-days forbearance as Without emergency rental assist- est relief program in the history of this long as they do not evict the tenant or country. We are working to provide li- ance, these families find themselves on charge late fees during the pandemic. the street with their lives turned up- quidity, as well as actual dollar relief, Section 4024 imposes a 120-day mora- in the amount of trillions of dollars, side down in the middle of a pandemic. torium on evictions, fees, and pen- and those programs are still playing People are tired of the lack of action alties. That moratorium will not expire and lack of accountability. They are out. until August 31. We need to work together rather tired of being betrayed by a leader who As with much of the CARES Act, the than, by unanimous consent request is supposed to look out for them. They provisions dealing with stabilizing our after unanimous consent request after are tired of feeling like no one is on economy and helping to support and unanimous consent request, try to jam their side. We are the greatest country sustain workers, small business own- down one side’s approach without look- on the Earth, and we should act like it. ers, homeowners, and home renters are ing to find the cooperative solutions American people should not always all playing out right now as we speak. that I know we can. have to fend for themselves because we Yet the real objection here is that Like I said, I am open to working on have an indifferent majority leader and Senator MCCONNELL and the Repub- these very issues, but the way to do it a President who doesn’t know or licans have said we want to work on is not to come to the floor with a unan- doesn’t care in the middle of this once- looking at the next package of support, imous consent request—take it or leave in-a-generation crisis. but we want to see how this one is it. We need to let proper, regular work- It is time to step up. It is time to playing out first and identify those ing order operate in the Senate, and we lead. It is time to think about what it places where we need to target the re- have time to do so. would be like to face an eviction, lief most. For that reason, I object. knowing your two small children and The objection is that there is a de- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- you don’t know where you are going to sire, once again, to go rapidly into tion is heard. live. It is probably going to be in a passing the House bill and not having The Senator from Ohio. homeless shelter or in a cousin’s base- regular order follow in the Senate as Mr. BROWN. Madam President, be- ment. You know your chances of get- we work to approach this issue as the fore turning to Senators MENENDEZ, ting infected with the coronavirus go existing CARES Act plays out. CORTEZ MASTO, WYDEN, KLOBUCHAR, up. Just think about those people when All of our housing agencies have ex- REED, SCHATZ, and VAN HOLLEN, who we make these decisions. tended this eviction and foreclosure all want to speak, I appreciate the Madam President, I ask unanimous moratorium and are working to help comments from my friend—and he real- consent that the Senate proceed to the address the issues relating to tenants. ly is my friend—from Idaho. We work immediate consideration of S. 3685, the HUD has expanded issuer assistance to well together. Emergency Rental Assistance and include Pass-Through Assistance Pro- We want to do regular order. This Rental Market Stabilization Act of gram support, which allows servicers last bill was passed in March. Then 2020. I ask that the bill be considered to apply for assistance in meeting prin- there was April, May, June. Now we are read three times and passed and that cipal and interest payments, and the in July. It is not a question of regular the motion to reconsider be considered FHFA has announced that no mortgage order. We would love to sit down with made and laid upon the table with no servicer will be responsible for advanc- Senator MCCONNELL and start negoti- intervening action or debate. ing more than 4 months of missed prin- ating as to what is next. We have want- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there cipal and interest payments on a loan. ed that really from about April 1. No objection? All of these things have been done to April Fools’ joke there; we really want- The Senator from Idaho. stabilize the housing markets and to ed to do that. Instead, Senator MCCON- Mr. CRAPO. Madam President, re- assist low-income home ownership and NELL just seemed to ignore this. serving the right to object. home construction and assistance. I mean, go back to the human side. To date, Congress has appropriated While I am open to looking at the What happens when somebody is unem- nearly $3 trillion to protect, strength- question of whether additional assist- ployed? We will be leaving now for 2

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.044 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4110 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 weeks. That is why we are doing these economy like the airline industry and one safe place in the middle of a pan- unanimous consent requests now. It is others. demic, further exposing themselves and because we want to see action. We have What we are talking about goes to others to the virus. asked and asked and begged and begged the very essence of what it is to have a The Senate can stop this if it wants and pleaded and pleaded. So what hap- home. ‘‘Home’’ is one of the most im- to. We can make sure that every Amer- pens? We will go back home for 2 more portant American concepts. It is where ican has a safe and healthy place to weeks. Right now, if you can’t find a we are taken when we are born. It is call home. That is why I joined my job, if you are unemployed and are get- where we are nurtured while we are Democratic colleagues on the Com- ting that $600 a week, you start paying young. It is where we are schooled. It is mittee on Banking, Housing, and attention online or you read the papers where good times and bad times take Urban Affairs in introducing two bills or however you get your information, place. Ultimately, it is where we build last month that will provide assistance and you find out that this is going to a life around our families if we are for- to homeowners and renters. expire at the end of July. You don’t tunate to have a home. Then, in a pan- The Housing Assistance Fund, led by know what you are going to do, but demic, we have learned that it is also a Senator REED, provides $75 billion in you know that you haven’t paid rent in place in which to shelter. targeted assistance to keep people in 3 months because you have had an evic- I come to the floor today to warn of their homes while they search for new tion moratorium. an impending storm that is brewing, employment or a way to get back to Senator CRAPO talked about the mor- and it is headed our way. work. This money can go toward mort- atorium. Only half of the people who When the funds for the PPP—for the gage payments or utilities or as other pay mortgages are subject to that mor- business program—ran out, we didn’t support to prevent eviction, delin- atorium and are protected, and only a have regular order to see if the PPP quency, or foreclosure. third of people who rent are. So, for had been working well. No. There was a The Emergency Rental Assistance most people, that is simply not the rush to put more billions in it. It was and Rental Market Stabilization Act, case. only when we said ‘‘Wait a minute, this led by Senator BROWN, would provide Now that the eviction courts are isn’t working so well for small and $100 billion in rental assistance to help open and the evictions are starting, midsized businesses’’ that we made families pay rent and help property what happens to those people? Are we some reforms. So there was a rush owners maintain safe and healthy just going to say: Well, let’s see it play then. There was no regular order. housing. It will help the economic re- out. We know what will happen. If you We have a storm that is brewing and covery by stabilizing the rental market don’t have rental assistance, if you lose is headed our way. It will bring with it overall. your unemployment and don’t get that enormous financial pain. It will threat- We also have to empower Americans $1,200 check, which is basically 1 en public safety. It will make fighting to make informed financial decisions— month’s rent for most people, we know the pandemic that much harder, and it to help them navigate the maze of what is going to happen to you. Your will set back our Nation’s economic re- lenders, landlords, government agen- life is going to turn upside down. That covery. If the Senate fails to respond to cies—to find a sustainable path to stay is why we need to move. That is why this looming crisis, Americans will in their homes. we need to pass this. needlessly suffer; families will be dis- We all know there is a housing af- I am disappointed that Senator placed; personal fortunes will be wiped fordability crisis in this country that MCCONNELL has shown no interest in out; and the scars will run so deep that jeopardizes the aspirations of millions doing anything on this other than just it could take decades to heal the of Americans who hope to join the mid- sitting tight and hoping that the wounds. dle class, and just as they have borne money he raises from special inter- As the COVID–19 pandemic took hold, the brunt of the COVID–19 pandemic, ests—from tobacco, the gun lobby, the one saving grace most of us had— low-income and minority Americans banks, and insurance companies—can the one place we could take refuge to will disproportionately suffer during help his candidates get reelected and protect ourselves and our families—was economic downturns. he can be majority leader again. our home. Our leading medical experts The provisions that the chairman I yield the floor to Senator MENEN- all urged us to stay home. If you are talked about in the law that we passed DEZ. sick, stay home. If you have an under- in order to help are going to be expir- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- lying condition or are ing. To the extent that you know about ator from New Jersey. immunocompromised, stay home. If it, you might invoke it to protect your- Mr. MENENDEZ. Madam President, you are elderly or otherwise at risk, self against an eviction or a mortgage let me thank my colleague, the rank- stay home. If you can, work from foreclosure, but if you don’t know ing Democrat—the senior Democrat— home. If you are a student, go online about it and either the financial insti- on the Committee on Banking, Hous- and learn from home. If we have tution or your landlord looks the other ing, and Urban Affairs, for his passion learned anything from this pandemic, way and doesn’t follow the law, well and his commitment. He has really ele- it is that staying home can help to con- then, you won’t get the protection. vated housing within the jurisdiction tain the virus, flatten the curve, and That is why I and 19 of my Demo- of the committee, which is something I save lives. cratic colleagues introduced a bill on am passionate about. Very often, ev- What if you don’t have a home? As Monday to provide $700 million in hous- eryone refers to the committee as the we speak, millions of our fellow Ameri- ing counseling assistance. Research Banking Committee, but housing is a cans are asking themselves that very shows that homeowners who receive critical element of what it does. He has same question. housing counseling have better out- elevated it, and I really appreciate his At a time when COVID–19 cases are comes than those who don’t, and that passion on behalf of the millions who spiking across the country, the provi- evidence is overwhelming. Their risk of rent or who are fortunate enough to sions that we passed in the CARES Act default goes down, and they are more own homes and want to keep them to to help renters and homeowners stay in likely to see their credit scores rise try to be able to do so. their homes are about to run out. If we and their debt levels fall. I would just say to my distinguished do nothing, we could face a foreclosure In rough times like we are in right chairman of the committee that I do and eviction crisis far greater than now, these borrowers are more likely have the highest respect for him. that which we encountered during the to get sustainable mortgage modifica- Look, with the CARES package, we great recession. tions and are less likely to end up in lumped in trillions of dollars, but over- There is a storm on the horizon. default. The benefits of housing coun- whelmingly that money went to busi- Americans shouldn’t have to fear being seling flow to the community at large nesses. Of course, I support that, but it thrown out on the street if they miss because when a family is able to buy a went to businesses. It went to sustain their next rent or mortgage payments home, pay their mortgage, build eq- businesses. It went to ultimately help through, really, no fault of their own. uity, and ultimately achieve the Amer- small, midsized, and even large busi- They shouldn’t have to fear losing ican dream, our towns and cities nesses. It went to sustain sectors of our their greatest personal assets or that thrive. And during a pandemic, having

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.046 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4111 a safe and affordable place to live could ator BROWN—whether it is super- If they are home all August long, in mean the difference between life and charged unemployment benefits, the heat with families, and they are death. whether it is housing, whether it is going to have nowhere to turn in terms It is also especially important for taking on the big pharmaceutical com- of paying for a roof over their heads senior citizens, who are more suscep- panies—is there again and again and and groceries, this is going to be a tible to COVID–19. So tomorrow I will again to stand up for people who don’t long, long, hot summer that will never introduce legislation to provide $1.2 have power and don’t have clout, and I be forgotten. billion in aid for older adults living in want to thank him especially for giv- So let’s be clear what is at stake. federally assisted housing. ing us this opportunity to focus on the Long before the pandemic hit, housing This bill provides additional rental avalanche of evictions that I believe cost too much. Homelessness was way assistance for senior housing, personal will be headed in our direction in too common, and, in my view, the rate protective gear, and staffing to help weeks if the Senate doesn’t act. of homelessness among children is a maintain a healthy community. Yesterday, Dr. Fauci talked about true national scandal. So the forecasts are in. The storm is soon possibly seeing as many as 100,000 In the wealthiest Nation on Earth, no coming. The question is, What are we new coronavirus cases a day. You sim- child should be without a home. But going to do about it? ply cannot have a healthy economy in even before the COVID crisis, 1.5 mil- The Fourth of July is Independence a country suffering from mass illness lion children were experiencing home- Day. It is nice to have independence and death. lessness—1.5 million youngsters living from the fear that I will lose the place There are already tens of millions of outside, living in cars, sleeping on that I call home. That would be a tre- Americans out of work as a result of a floors, sleeping on the ground. mendous gift on the Fourth of July. pandemic that is only continuing to Colleagues, in my home State, they Are we going to help our most vul- spread, and it has hit the whole afford- have said that school buses have had to nerable citizens during this pandemic ability of rent for millions of Ameri- go to the parks. They have had to go to or are we going to just watch them suf- cans like a powerful storm. the parks to pick up kids who are liv- fer, lose everything, and exacerbate According to the Census Bureau, 40 ing outside with their families. this public health crisis? percent of Black and Latino renters are It rains once in a while in Oregon. It Today is July 1. The rent is due. worried they will not be able to make is cold in Oregon. And to think that Mortgage payments are due. The Sen- the rent this summer due to the pan- kids in the richest country on Earth ate’s work is due. demic. That in and of itself is an out- are spending the night in the parks and I remember—and I will close with rage and an injustice. the school buses have to come and get this personal anecdote—when I was My question for our Republican col- them while we have huge tax cuts for growing up poor in a tenement in New leagues today involves this frightening those who are powerful and have lobby- Jersey, the son of an itinerant car- day at the beginning of the month—the ists shows that things are really out of penter and a seamstress, there wasn’t frightening day when families sit whack. around a kitchen table, all across the What I describe as it relates to those always work, which meant that some- country, and you can see the anguish kids living in the parks—those kinds of times paying the rent was a real tough in their faces when you talk to them conditions exist for youngsters all over choice. And it was a choice of paying because, around that kitchen table, America, and that was before the job- the rent or putting food on the table. I they are saying to themselves: What lessness crisis hit and threw so many saw the anxiety in my mother’s eyes. I am I going to spend our scarce dollars more working families into economic saw the fear in my siblings not know- on this month? Is it going to be the hardship. ing whether that apartment in that rent? Is it going to be groceries? What If the Senate doesn’t step up to help tenement was something we were even about that big pile of medical bills that families stay in their homes, it is going going to be able to keep. That wasn’t is off in the corner that we have to to get much, much worse because there in a pandemic. That was just in normal pay? are hundreds of thousands, if not mil- times. Imagine in a pandemic, you are It is July 1, and the rent is due. Our lions, of kids facing this recipe for dis- told to stay home, and there is no place question for our Republican colleagues aster. They are out of school. They are to call home. We can do much better is, What is your plan? isolated, and they are more exposed to than that. We can do much better than Senator BROWN has been leading us neglect and abuse. I am so pleased that that. every day—day in, day out—with a set my friend from Nevada has been talk- July 1, the rent is due. The mortgage of sensible policies that respond to ing about those families and talking payment is due. The Senate’s work is what those families are saying around about those kids. due. Let’s pass this bill today and their kitchen tables. We fought for the They are hungry. Their families are make sure every American can weather moratorium on evictions that was in- facing the threat of eviction. If the the pandemic in a safe and affordable cluded in the CARES Act, but it goes Senate just sits back and allows these place to call home. poof in a few weeks. children to fall into homelessness, they I yield the floor. Already this week my Republican may never have a chance to get ahead. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- colleagues have blocked funding for So what it comes down to is that the ator from Oregon. State and local governments that could Senate has an obligation to help, and Mr. WYDEN. Because a lot of my col- have been used to help people who are Senator BROWN is on target in saying leagues have been so thoughtful, I will walking that economic tightrope. that this is the time to pass his Emer- have some brief remarks, and then I This morning, Leader SCHUMER and I gency Rental Assistance Act. I am with would ask unanimous consent that laid out a plan that I think is a path to him. I think we have a lot of colleagues Senator CORTEZ MASTO could follow me a dependable safety net in America here in the queue because they, too, because she is facing a tight schedule and, specifically, an extension of super- want to speak up for the radical idea— as well. I know all of my colleagues charged unemployment benefits, which what a radical proposition—that in the are. ties the benefit to economic conditions richest country on Earth, the vulner- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without on the ground. It will be a financial able ought to have a roof over their objection, it is so ordered. lifeline for millions and millions of head. Mr. WYDEN. Madam President, I join people. Republicans have been opposed Senator BROWN’s proposal is a vital my colleagues this afternoon in appre- to that. Those benefits are going to ex- step forward. I think we all agree that ciation of Senator BROWN, who has pire in a matter of weeks, and as I said much more needs to be done. I am very been relentless—absolutely relentless— to colleagues: Better know what you interested in the proposal I call the in prosecuting this cause of trying to are going to be looking at when you go DASH Act, the Decent, Affordable and get a fair shake for millions of Ameri- home in August if there hasn’t been ac- Safe Housing for All Act. I hope we will cans who are walking on an economic tion on our legislation to make sure be able to get serious about that in tightrope. Every single month, they that there are supercharged unemploy- 2021. balance the food bill against the rent ment benefits so that people can pay The step to take today is to pass Sen- bill against the energy bill, and Sen- the rent and buy groceries. ator BROWN’s bill, and I look forward to

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.048 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4112 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 being back with our colleagues day in, Eviction isn’t just a matter of spend- package, and it must include addi- day out, focusing on this crisis and ing a few days scrambling to find a new tional help for families and commu- making sure that nobody thinks we are place. The financial consequences can nities including eviction and fore- going to skip away until the Repub- follow families for years, and as for the closure prevention assistance, as well licans act. effects on children’s physical and men- as additional help for State and local This country faces a truly horrific tal health, well, there is no way to governments. eviction nightmare if action is not undo that. Last night the Senate unanimously taken soon, and I am very pleased that Believe me. I know. The foreclosure extended the PPP application window. my friend from Nevada is here. crisis hit Nevada in 2008, and I saw up This was a tiny but needed step in rec- I yield the floor to her. close the pain that caused throughout ognizing the depth of the economic cri- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- my State when people were evicted sis Americans are facing. Now the ator from Nevada. from their homes. Lenders took the question before us is, will Republican Ms. CORTEZ MASTO. Madam Presi- homes of more than 219,000 Nevada leaders allow this body to work its will dent, I am here today to support my families during that period of time. and provide needed, targeted, and effec- colleagues and our cause to keep Amer- That is why it is so vital that we pass tive rescue assistance, or will it con- icans in their homes. It is very simple. legislation now to help Nevadans and tinue to delay and deny assistance The House has already passed a number people all across the country pay their which will only prolong the pandemic, of bills to do just that, and the Senate rent and utility bills when they cannot deepen the financial hole, and make needs to do the same thing. safely go to work. the remedy costlier and recovery steep- In this pandemic, housing is I support Senator BROWN’s Emer- er? healthcare. I know that a lot of Ameri- gency Rental Assistance and Rental Strong State and local governments cans have had their lives upended by Market Stabilization Act, as well as are critical to our economy. Indeed, ac- this coronavirus pandemic, but I would other bills introduced by my colleagues cording to the Center on Budget and like you to imagine for a moment how to keep homeowners in their homes. Policy Priorities, State and local gov- much more chaotic your life would feel These bills provide essential stability ernments provide about 20 million jobs if you found out that tomorrow you are to the rental and mortgage market. and contributed 8.5 percent to the na- going to be evicted. Imagine trying to We can’t expect landlords to keep tional GDP in 2019. They did so by not make sure you are washing your hands shouldering the burden of missed pay- only serving as customers and clients while you are living in your car. ments. Landlords have bills to pay, as for our local and national businesses, We are in the middle of a public well—mortgages, taxes, insurance, and but also by providing the essential health crisis where we need people to staff. Without assistance from us, services, such as public infrastructure, be socially distancing, and that means many of them may go bankrupt or can a strong education system, and other they simply must have a safe, stable be forced to sell their properties. necessary functions that provide the place to be at the end of the day. Experts estimate that Nevada is business certainty that make our coun- We realized this months ago in my going to need nearly $1 billion in rental try attractive to businesses and inves- State, and that is why Governor assistance to keep families housed this tors throughout the world. We should Sisolak put a hold on evicting resi- year. Landlords can’t lift the load and do everything possible to maintain our dents through August 31 of this year. neither can State budgets that are al- country’s comparative advantage rel- And Congress? Well, we passed the ready stretched too thin. ative to other countries. CARES Act to provide unemployment So let’s focus here on the essentials, But today, as a result of the tremen- benefits and one-time relief. Those the basic need for things like shelter. dous economic shock created by the funds, plus the ban on evictions, were Let’s keep people safe and off the coronavirus and the lack of a coherent intended to help keep families in their streets. Let’s pass Senator BROWN’s public health strategy from the Trump homes. rental assistance bill, Senator REED’s administration, estimated State rev- We are 60 days away from resuming housing assistance fund bill to help enue shortfalls will total about $615 bil- evictions in Nevada. In my State and homeowners avoid foreclosure, and lion over the next 3 fiscal years, not in- across the country, the wave of evic- Senator MENENDEZ’s housing coun- cluding the added costs of fighting tions we have been holding off for a seling bill, and the others we need to COVID–19. This is just for the States— month is going to come crashing down prevent an epidemic of homelessness. $615 billion. if we do not act now. Across the Nation people are re- This is why I initially fought for $750 Nevada has the highest unemploy- sponding to the pandemic by staying at billion in the Coronavirus Relief Fund ment rate in the entire country. In home because we asked them to do so. when negotiating the CARES Act and May, it was over 25 percent—as high as Now the Senate needs to do its part by introduced S. 3671, the State & Local the national rate during the worst of making sure those homes are safe and Emergency Stabilization Fund Act, the Great Depression. On top of that, stable so that Nevadans can continue which would provide an additional $600 some Nevadans haven’t yet received to teach their children, care for loved billion to State and local governments their unemployment benefits or their ones who are ill, and avoid spreading to supplement the $150 billion in pandemic unemployment benefits. coronavirus to others. In the midst of a coronavirus relief funds I secured in Across the country, almost half of global pandemic, housing is healthcare, the CARES Act. workers earning under $40,000 a year and we owe this to each other. So let’s Madam President, would it surprise have lost income. Some people just act now on behalf of the American pub- you to learn that the Trump Treasury don’t have the ability to fully pay for lic and American families. Department has needlessly created a the rent or mortgage, particularly I yield the floor. bureaucratic regulation that makes it when we are asking them to shelter in The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- difficult for States to use these place. ator from Rhode Island. coronavirus relief funds? And that this The thing is, in Nevada, we were al- Mr. REED. Madam President, I rise regulation is standing in the way of ready in the midst of a housing crisis to support efforts by my Democratic what should have been an immediate even before this pandemic hit us. Al- colleagues to pass much needed and de- $150 billion boost to our economy, most half of Nevadans are renters. layed economic measures by unani- which even the Chamber of Commerce That is 45 percent. Of those renters, mous consent. thinks is burdensome. Because of this half are cost-burdened in some way, It is painfully obvious that the econ- onerous Trump rule, States can’t use meaning that they pay more than 30 omy is in bad shape. Families and the coronavirus relief funds to replace percent of their income in rent. small businesses continue to struggle lost or delayed tax revenues in order to Now, the Silver State has the biggest and there is a real need for further Fed- maintain public services. shortage in the country of affordable eral assistance. In order to get our That is what Neil Bradley, the U.S. housing for the very lowest income Ne- economy back on track, this body must Chamber’s chief policy officer said in vadans. We have just 19 units for every take action in crafting another com- an interview, ‘‘Part of our conversation 100 that we need. prehensive, bipartisan COVID relief with Republicans on Capitol Hill is

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00030 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.049 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4113 that, ironically, if your concern is big June, meaning that they had missed ployment at their companies to de- State government, then the last thing last month’s rent or mortgage payment crease in the next 6 months? you need to do is force States to re- or had slight or no confidence that We don’t need to inflict any further place one-time lost revenue with per- their household could pay next month’s unnecessary economic pain and suf- manent tax increases.’’ rent or mortgage on time. fering. I would also urge my colleagues As the primary author of the We know that behind each one of to consider the costs of inaction. Coronavirus Relief Fund, I can tell you these numbers is a family that can be Indeed, during an April 29, 2020, press that it is fully within the Treasury homeless at the worst possible time in conference, Federal Reserve Chairman Secretary’s authority and the intent of the middle of a public health emer- Powell stated: the CARES Act for these funds to be gency. I have long-time been an advocate for the used to replace lost or delayed tax rev- For some, given their current health need for the United States to return to a sus- enues and maintain public services. To situations and age, there will be an ad- tainable path from a fiscal perspective at the prevent the flexible use of these relief ditional human toll that we surely Federal level. We have not been on such a funds is a choice that is neither re- should strive to avoid. We implore our path for some time, which . . . just means quired nor intended by law. colleagues on the other side of the aisle that the debt is growing faster than the economy. Unfortunately, this completely un- to work with us to keep our constitu- ents in their homes so that they too This is not the time to act on those con- necessary choice has already created cerns. This is the time to use the great fiscal avoidable economic harm. can make it to the other side of this power of the United States to do what we can Since February, State and local gov- public health emergency. to support the economy and try to get ernments have cut a total of 1.5 million In that spirit, I draw your attention through this with as little damage to the jobs, an 8-percent drop that is twice to S. 3620, the Housing Assistance longer-run productive capacity of the econ- the decline seen during and after the Fund. This legislation expands the ex- omy as possible. 2007–2009 recession. In addition, the isting ‘‘Hardest Hit Fund’’ model and This week we are also considering Center for Economic and Policy Re- provides it with additional resources the National Defense Authorization search reports that ‘‘job losses forced for each State to keep families in their Act, and every year for the last 59 on State and local governments by homes, the utilities on, the internet years, Democrats and Republicans have pandemic-related shortfalls will dis- connected, and the property taxes paid. come together to strengthen our na- proportionately impact the African As a result, landlords who are also tional security and to help all Ameri- American workforce . . . 14 percent of struggling to pay their own bills would cans. We have proven that we are more state and local employees were African receive some assistance. than capable of working together pro- Madam President, it is not every day American compared to 11.7 percent of ductively on the most complex and that the Independent Community private sector employees, a margin of controversial issues in service of our Bankers of America and the Credit 20 percent.’’ constituents, and we would like to con- Union National Association support As the Wall Street Journal reported tinue that not just in the context of the same legislation with consumer in a May 24, 2020, article titled ‘‘State national defense but in the context of rights and affordable housing organiza- and Local Budget Woes Create Drag for economic prosperity and security. tions, such as the National Housing Economic Recovery Prospects″: One final point. We also need to ex- Conference, the National Low Income tend unemployment compensation in- Based on evidence from the last recession, Housing Coalition, the Center for Re- Mr. Chodorow-Reich, a Harvard economics surance because we know it will run sponsible Lending, and the National professor, estimates that every dollar in cuts out, and everyone has told us that un- Consumer Law Center, among others. costs the economy $1.50 to $2. He also said employment rates will not drop dra- As we work toward this next fiscal re- every additional dollar in spending adds $1.50 matically. They will stay persistently to $2 to the economy. lief package, I hope you and our col- leagues will consider joining with us in high. People will need this assistance Of all the regulations that this ad- going forward. ministration seeks to cut, it should enacting S. 3620, the Housing Assist- ance Fund. We must do more, and I hope we can start with this one if it really wants a do much more going forward. healthy economy. With just one stroke But we can’t stop there. We must also immediately, among other needs, I yield the floor. of the Treasury Secretary’s pen, our The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. economy can receive a direct multibil- increase SNAP benefits to help the al- most 150,000 Rhode Islanders who are CRAMER). The Senator from Oklahoma. lion dollar jolt today. Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, I have a But to be clear, this administrative food insecure during this crisis; boost public health efforts to help keep the motion to be made, but before making fix is by no means sufficient because of it, I yield 3 minutes each to Senator the massive revenue shortfalls our virus at bay, from more testing and contact tracing to supporting our KLOBUCHAR from Minnesota and Sen- State and local governments are fac- ator SCHATZ from Hawaii. ing. Congress still needs to provide ad- healthcare providers, to developing ef- fective vaccine deployment systems; The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without ditional and flexible fiscal relief to our objection, it is so ordered. State and local governments as part of help childcare centers, public schools, and college campuses to safely reopen The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- its next fiscal package, and it is my ator from Minnesota. hope that S. 3671, the State & Local and support libraries in keeping our communities connected; provide relief Ms. KLOBUCHAR. Mr. President, I Stabilization Fund Act, is included. thank Senator INHOFE so much for his As I indicated earlier in my remarks, for the hardest hit small and mid-sized businesses, many of which will con- allowing me to say a few words. I know keeping families in their homes also it is his time. And I thank my friend must be included in the next package. tinue to be shut down for the foresee- able future; and safeguard our election JACK REED. According to Nicholas Chiumenti, Today is July 1, which means that with the New England Public Policy infrastructure, as Russia and other for- eign actors seek again to use voter sup- rent and mortgage payments are due, Center in the research department at and as I speak today, so many families the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston: pression, hacking, and disinformation in the 2020 elections. across this country are being forced to If current economic activity does not im- What exactly are we waiting for? Is it make the difficult decision about how prove substantially, without an extension of they will make this month’s payment the CARES Act, unemployment insurance or not enough that, according to a June 29 additional stimulus money or other fiscal re- CNBC article, ‘‘the employment-popu- to stay in their homes. lief, up to 13 percent of homeowners and 33 lation ratio—the number of employed Even before the pandemic began, al- percent of renters in Rhode Island are at the people as a percentage of the U.S. adult most one-fourth of all renters, or 11 risk of being unable to pay their mortgage or population—plunged to 52.8 percent in million households, were forced to pay rent payments. This represents over 80,000 May, meaning 47.2 percent of Ameri- more than half of their income for Rhode Island households. cans are jobless, according to the Bu- housing—half of their income. Accord- Nationally, according to census sur- reau of Labor Statistics? ing to the National Low Income Hous- vey data, 23 percent of all adults re- Is it not enough that 46 percent of ing Coalition, more than half a million ported being housing insecure in mid- Business Roundtable CEOs expect em- people experienced homelessness on a

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00031 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.052 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4114 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 given night before the pandemic, and will intervene in July and incorporate (6) An October 2018 poll found that 57 per- that has just gotten worse. the legislation Senator BROWN is lead- cent of Americans, including 69 percent of That is why I am a strong supporter ing because the rent is going to be due, United States veterans, believe that all of Senator BROWN’s Emergency Rental and we are going to—just as we faced United States troops should be removed from Assistance and Rental Market Sta- Afghanistan. this pandemic square in the eyes, we (7) In June 2018, the Department of Defense bilization Act, which will provide $100 are going to be facing a massive evic- reported, ‘‘The al-Qa’ida threat to the United billion in emergency funding. I am also tion crisis. We have to take action. States and its allies and partners has de- proud to support Senator REED’s bill as I yield the floor. creased and the few remaining al-Qa’ida core well as the work of Senator MENENDEZ. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- members are focused on their own survival’’. The pandemic, as we know, has wide ator from Oklahoma. (b) PLAN REQUIRED.—Not later than 45 days and longstanding racial disparities in Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, while we after the date of the enactment of this Act, housing. We had a 30-percent gap in continue negotiating an agreement on the Secretary of Defense, or designee, in co- Black and White ownership rates be- amendments, I think we need to move operation with the heads of all other rel- fore the pandemic due to discrimina- evant Federal agencies involved in the con- forward and start voting on some of flict in Afghanistan shall— tory practices, and it has only made it the amendments we know need votes. (1)(A) formulate a plan for the orderly worse. Therefore, in just a minute, I will drawdown and withdrawal of all soldiers, St. Paul Mayor Melvin Carter, a lead- call up the Paul amendment regarding sailors, airmen, and Marines from Afghani- er and a good friend, has repeatedly re- the withdrawing of troops from Af- stan who were involved in operations in- minded us that this means investing in ghanistan. While I disagree with the tended to provide security to the people of programs like section 8 housing, which substance of the amendment, I think Afghanistan, including policing action, or still remains unavailable to so many the Senate should vote on it. So, at 5:30 military actions against paramilitary orga- families. nizations inside Afghanistan, excluding today, I will move to table the amend- members of the military assigned to support Yes, we need to address this shortage ment. We have talked to Senator of affordable housing. We need to take United States embassies or consulates, or in- PAUL’s office about this. action now. I thank my colleagues. We telligence operations authorized by Con- AMENDMENT NO. 2011 gress; and have an opportunity. The Fourth of Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, I call up (B) appear before the relevant congres- July is at the beginning of July, but by sional committees to explain the proposed the end of July, we had better have the Paul amendment No. 2011 to the text proposed to be stricken. implementation of the plan formulated gotten something done, and that means under subparagraph (A); and The PRESIDING OFFICER. The help our State and local governments; (2)(A) formulate a framework for political that means funding for elections; and clerk will report. reconciliation and popular democratic elec- The senior assistant legislative clerk that means making sure we are re- tions independent of United States involve- read as follows: sponding to the crisis in housing. ment in Afghanistan, which may be used by I yield the floor. The Senator from Oklahoma [Mr. the Government of Afghanistan to ensure The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- INHOFE], for Mr. PAUL, proposes an amend- that any political party that meets the re- quirements under Article 35 of the Constitu- ator from Hawaii. ment numbered 2011. Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, I ask tion of Afghanistan is permitted to partici- Mr. SCHATZ. Mr. President, today is pate in general elections; and the 1st of the month, and that means unanimous consent that the reading be (B) appear before the relevant congres- the rent is due, but for the 9 million dispensed with. sional committees to explain the proposed renters who have lost their jobs, they The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without implementation of the framework formu- may not be able to pay. objection, it is so ordered. lated under subparagraph (A). Now, in March, we made sure that The amendment is as follows: (c) REMOVAL AND BONUSES.—Not later than the CARES Act included cash assist- (Purpose: To withdraw all United States 1 year after the date of the enactment of this ance, unemployment benefits, and sus- Armed Forces from Afghanistan) Act— (1) all United States Armed Forces in Af- pensions on evictions and mortgage At the end of subtitle B of title XII, add ghanistan as of such date of enactment shall the following: forbearance to help the people who be withdrawn and removed from Afghani- have been hurt the most by this pan- SEC. 1216. WITHDRAWAL OF UNITED STATES stan; and demic. Lots of States and counties ARMED FORCES FROM AFGHANI- STAN. (2) the Secretary of Defense shall provide have set up their own programs, either all members of the United States Armed (a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the fol- subsidies or prohibitions on evictions lowing findings: Forces who were deployed in support of the themselves, but we are now 3 months (1) The Joint Resolution to authorize the Global War on Terror with a $2,500 bonus to later, and unemployment benefits use of United States Armed Forces against recognize that these Americans have served stand to expire at the end of this those responsible for the attacks launched in the Global War On Terrorism exclusively on a volunteer basis and to demonstrate the month and moratoriums that allowed against the United States (Public Law 107– 40) states, ‘‘That the President is authorized heartfelt gratitude of our Nation. families to stay in their homes are end- EPEAL OF AUTHORIZATION FOR USE OF to use all necessary and appropriate force (d) R ing. Eviction courts are reopening. MILITARY FORCE.—The Authorization for Use against those nations, organizations, or per- of Military Force (Public Law 107–40) is re- Think about that. Eviction courts are sons he determines planned, authorized, pealed effective on the earlier of— reopening. committed, or aided the terrorist attacks (1) the date that is 395 days after the date So what we are facing is a ticking that occurred on September 11, 2001’’. of the enactment of this Act: or timebomb. We are facing the fact that (2) Since 2001, more than 3,002,635 men and (2) the date on which the Secretary of De- it is true that people got forbearance women of the United States Armed Forces fense certifies that all United States Armed on their rent or forbearance on their have deployed in support of the Global War Forces involved in operations or military ac- on Terrorism, with more than 1,400,000 of mortgage, but I remember very well in tions in Afghanistan (as described in sub- them deploying more than once, and these March and April, as I explained to the section (b)(1)(A)) have departed from Afghan- Americans who volunteered in a time of war people of Hawaii, you are getting for- istan. have served their country honorably and bearance not forgiveness, which means with distinction. Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, as I said you just simply don’t have to pay your (3) In November 2009 there were fewer than earlier, I will move to table the Paul mortgage or your rent this month. You 100 Al-Qaeda members remaining in Afghani- amendment at 5:30 today, and Senators do have to eventually pay your mort- stan. should expect a rollcall vote at that gage or your rent. (4) On May 2, 2011, Osama Bin Laden, the time. So what is going to happen is, for the founder of Al-Qaeda, was killed by United I yield the floor. most economically challenged among States Armed Forces in Pakistan. I suggest the absence of a quorum. us in the United States, they are going (5) United States Armed Forces have suc- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The to face a huge backpayment at the be- cessfully routed Al-Qaeda from the battle- clerk will call the roll. field in Afghanistan, thus fulfilling the origi- ginning of August or the beginning of nal intent of Public Law 107–40 and the jus- The senior assistant legislative clerk September, and they are going to lose tification for the invasion of Afghanistan, proceeded to call the roll. the place they live in. but public support for United States contin- Mr. GRASSLEY. Mr. President, I ask Now, I am very, very hopeful that ued presence in Afghanistan has waned in re- unanimous consent that the order for cooler heads will prevail and that we cent years. the quorum call be rescinded.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.054 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4115 The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without cording to most people asking for more in direct relief. People haven’t objection, it is so ordered. more, is that the direct aid for States been very careful, though, in reading CORONAVIRUS and localities in the CARES Act is too the Moody’s reports that are the basis Mr. GRASSLEY. Mr. President, Con- restrictive and cannot be used to re- of their arguments. gress has taken action in response to place lost revenue. I am sympathetic to Moody’s Analytics, which makes the coronavirus pandemic and its sig- the idea of giving States and localities very clear in the report that it is not nificant effects on workers, families, more flexibility in how to use $150 bil- an arm of Moody’s that rates bonds— and the economy. It is because the lion of direct relief provided in the though, I am not sure everyone is clear State, Federal, and local governments CARES Act if it is not needed for the on that—Moody’s Analytics said in shut down the U.S. economy for the virus health issues. Beyond that, I April that under their most severely first time in the 240-year history of our want you to know I am more skeptical, adverse assumptions about the future, country. until we get more solid numbers on un- State and local governments would We enacted four laws in March and realized State and local revenue and have a budget shortfall of around $172 April, which CBO says has increased the impact of the CARES dollars not billion over the next 15 months and the deficit by at least $2.4 trillion, but yet allowed. more than $450 billion if you extend out that doesn’t measure the entirety of I recently heard the minority leader to cover the years 2022. the relief. If you add in support from here on the floor attempting to scold Again, this is all based on shaky fore- programs initiated by the Fed and the us Republicans for not doing exactly casts, and it is not at all clear that the Treasury, you would add trillions more what he wants, exactly when he wants ratings on municipal bonds done by the of relief. it, and saying we need to immediately Moody’s ratings agency align with the One of the recent pieces of legisla- spend more, including more direct aid forecasts of Moody’s Analytics. tion, the CARES Act, devoted $150 bil- to States. Of course, in his partisan po- More recently, Moody’s Analytics’ lion of direct Federal relief to govern- litical analysis, Republicans are chief economist, Mark Zandi, who is a ments of the States, localities, terri- blamed for not wanting massive regular proponent of Keynesian stim- ulus for the Democratic Party, upped tories, the District of Columbia, and amounts of additional aid for State and the estimate of the needs to about $500 Tribes. That is around 16 percent of the local governments because what he be- billion. That number remarkably total fiscal year 2020 State general fund lieves is ideological opposition to gov- matches what we heard from the Na- expenditures enacted prior to the pub- ernment in general. tional Governors Association about 6 lic emergency. Now, that is quite a stretch, even for weeks ago. Dr. Zandi promises so- In addition to the $150 billion, CBO the minority leader. Republicans sup- called bang-for-the-buck magic to save has identified hundreds of billions ported four pieces of legislation in re- States and localities, but the govern- more from the various relief programs cent months providing hundreds of bil- ment will have to pony up perhaps a that are directed to State and local lions of dollars in relief to State and half a trillion more just to start that governments. From the $340 billion of local governments in various ways. magic. So I am skeptical, to put it emergency funding in the CARES Act I heard the Governor of California in- mildly. alone, the Senate appropriators have struct Congress on moral and ethical If you remember, it was that kind of told me that more than 80 percent, or grounds, saying that it is our duty to reasoning that led to the Obama stim- roughly $275 billion, goes to States and give more funding to States and local- ulus promising vague and relatively localities. ities or else first responders will be the quick unemployment deductions fol- So, you can see, the CARES Act first ones laid off by cities and coun- lowing the financial crisis but failed to alone provided $150 billion of direct aid ties. It is almost like the first argu- come even close to these promised re- to State and local governments, and ment when we were just about ready to sults. the emergency funding added $275 bil- shut down the Federal Government, if Finally, regarding funding requests, lion. That means that $425 billion in we don’t finance everything, first thing there is the Heroes Act over at the the CARES Act is directed to govern- we are going to do is shut down the House. State and local aid in that act ments of the States, localities, terri- Washington Monument. provides nearly $1 trillion to States tories, Tribes, and the District of Co- While that may have been a subtle and localities inside a liberal wish list lumbia. That happens to be 47 percent threat from the Governor of California in their bill. of the total State general revenue ex- to use as leverage to pressure Congress That, along with what we have al- penditures enacted prior to the public to provide more funds to California, it ready done, would put State and local emergency for fiscal year 2020 and is unfortunate that State and local relief at more than 75 percent of all about the same percentage of enacted governments laid off so many of their combined State and local tax collec- total State revenue. workers in recent months. That doesn’t tions for a year, depending how you On top of that, the Fed has allowed seem to be much dedication by govern- measure things. That is more of a Fed- use of municipal securities as collat- ment to its workforce. eral bailout than the partnership that eral for bank lending to help ease bor- I heard from associations of Gov- we are asked to finance. rowing costs for local and State gov- ernors, associations of counties, cities, I have heard a lot of calls for massive ernments. Treasury and the Fed also and other municipal governments that amounts of additional direct aid to our established a Municipal Liquidity Fa- they need between a half a trillion and States, funded by Federal debt. Yet cility. The purpose of it is to ‘‘help a trillion more in direct aid from the there still is a lot of money in the pipe- state and local governments better Federal Government. Usually, they line that hasn’t even been used yet. manage cash flow pressures.’’ cite a need to ‘‘replace lost revenue.’’ And future needs of States and local- The Fed will buy up to $500 billion of Many have asked for funds to cover ities are highly uncertain—too uncer- debt from State, counties, and cities. lost revenue as far out as two addi- tain, in my view—to commit the Fed- As others have noted here on this very tional fiscal years beyond fiscal year eral Government today to half a tril- floor, a significant amount of the fund- 2020. Most of those requests are based lion dollars or $1 trillion more to ing directed to States and localities on forecasts of what the pandemic and States and localities, on top of the $425 and the like are still in the pipeline the economy will look like for the rest billion or more of funding already in and remain unspent or even of the year and even in coming years. play and up to $500 billion of credit unallocated. Some States, as I under- I think you have to take those fore- support. stand it, have not even allocated any casts with a grain of salt. Just look at I am highly skeptical of schemes to money downstream to their own local what the last employment report index future aid to measures of the in- governments from the $150 billion of di- looked like relative to the forecasts, cidence of COVID–19 cases, since we al- rect aid provided under the CARES and you can tell how cloudy people’s ready have had controversies sur- Act. crystal balls are right now. rounding those measures, and some of Despite all that, we have heard a I heard from some here on the floor them are political controversies. number of calls for massive amounts of that Moody’s thinks States and local- Of course, I do understand budget additional spending. The reason, ac- ities may need hundreds of billions rules that States and localities operate

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.056 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4116 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 under. They do provide constraints. I the responsible or prudent action to station has been abandoned—$43 mil- also believe that proponents of massive take. lion. amounts of additional Federal aid to I yield the floor. We spent nearly $80 million on a lux- States and localities overstate the se- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ury hotel. Why is the American tax- verity of those constraints. I think ator from Kentucky. payer building luxury hotels in Kabul? State budgets are more flexible and Mr. PAUL. Mr. President, I ask unan- Guess what. A contractor ran off with fungible, for example, than some would imous consent that I be allowed to the money. It is a skeleton. The have us believe. complete my remarks. Taliban are now said to climb up into We have seen that flexibility re- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without the structure and shoot down at our cently in legislators’ consideration of objection, it is so ordered. Embassy. What kind of foolhardy na- altering police funding or using tax- AMENDMENT NO. 2011 ture of government are we that we con- payers’ funds to erect barriers in occu- Mr. PAUL. Mr. President, Senator tinue to stay there? pied zones of lawlessness as just one ex- UDALL and I are pleased to present a bi- These are just a few of the many ex- ample of that flexibility. partisan amendment that will finally amples that have had us spend more There are also many issues about in- end America’s longest war. Our amend- than we spent in Europe on the Mar- centives associated with massive new ment will finally and completely end shall Plan. amounts of direct Federal funding of the war in Afghanistan. We continue to pour good money State and local governments. Sending Over 4,000 Americans have died in Af- after bad into Afghanistan, hoping that massive amounts of additional Federal ghanistan, and over 20,000 have been the outcome will somehow change, funds to States that were responsible wounded. It is time to bring our sol- hoping that maybe the first 20 years in good times and built up rainy day diers home. will produce better results than the funds means that they are treated the I supported going into Afghanistan last 20 years did. same as States that didn’t build much, originally. Had I been in Congress at This NDAA, this defense authoriza- if any, in rainy day funds, as I said, Il- that time, I would have voted in favor tion that we are debating here in the linois and New Jersey, for examples. of it. But the people who attacked us Senate, even has the sense of the Sen- Those States that acted irresponsibly on 9/11 have all been killed or captured. ate in it opposing a precipitous with- then get rewarded. Most of the people fighting us today drawal from Afghanistan. We have been Since funds in State and local gov- are their successors or children or the there for 20 years. How can we charac- ernments are fungible, sending massive children of their children. In fact, we terize withdrawal after 20 years, after amounts of additional Federal dollars now have soldiers who were born after we defeated the enemy, as precipitous? to States and localities means that 9/11 serving in Afghanistan. It is crazy. The American people say The cycle shows no sign of ending. hard-earned Federal tax dollars coming ‘‘Come home,’’ and this is your chance. The war shows no sign of ending. It is from Iowa, as an example, can end up Many people have said that we not sustainable to keep fighting in Af- helping financially unsustainable pen- should end the war. Today, you get to ghanistan generation after generation. sion promises of fiscally irresponsible vote. Are you for staying in Afghani- We have been fighting in Afghanistan States, and it means that Federal tax stan for another generation? Are you for so long that our youngest soldiers revenues get channeled to States run for continuing a war that has lost its fighting there weren’t even born at the by politicians who will not even en- purpose? Today, we get to vote up or time. force existing Federal laws and who use down: Are you for the war or against We have spent about $1 trillion to es- taxpayer resources on lawless occupied the war? Does the war still have a mis- tablish an Afghan Government—a gov- zones or sanctuary cities to provide sion? benefits to undocumented residents. ernment that is rife with corruption The American people know better. There are many of my constituents in and dysfunction. We spent more to re- They are ready to declare victory and Iowa who do not support those uses of build Afghanistan than the Marshall come home. It is why President Federal funds. Plan to rebuild Europe after World War Trump’s message resonated with so So, as I wind down here, I am highly II. We have built infrastructure in Af- many. He said ‘‘It is time to come skeptical of sending massive amounts ghanistan and then watched it deterio- home,’’ and the people agreed. of additional funds to States and local- rate and watched the Afghans be un- ities, since future needs are so highly able to even maintain the infrastruc- Not only is it time to end the war uncertain and there is still unspent ture we built for them, and then they and focus on our needs at home, but it money in the pipelines. ask us for more money to maintain the is time to reward those who fought the I am, however, sympathetic to pro- structure. Meanwhile, our roads and battle. We are spending $50 billion a viding additional flexibility for funds our bridges crumble here at home as we year over there. we have already provided in the rebuild the infrastructure in Afghani- From the savings in the first year, in CARES Act so that State and local stan. our amendment, Senator UDALL and I communities can make broader uses of One example is, several years ago, we will provide a $2,500 bonus for anyone those funds. And I believe that if the reportedly hired a local security con- who has been deployed in the long War pandemic and the economy worsens, sultant to help secure the roads at a on Terror. That is a pretty good bonus. under those circumstances, future cost of $1 million per year. But accord- Our soldiers deserve it, and they also needs can be addressed when needed. ing to the report by the Special Inspec- deserve to come home because there is I understand that there are a range of tor General for Afghanistan Recon- no military mission left. views regarding additional funds for struction, American officials came to Instead of spending another $50 bil- States and localities. At this point, I suspect that the money was being fun- lion in Afghanistan next year, let’s believe it may be useful to entertain neled to insurgents to stage attacks on give some of that money to our soldiers more flexibility in what has already our infrastructure to justify the secu- who fought the war, and let’s begin been approved, and there may be a need rity contract. So our money was going saving some money from the massive to make sure that States get shares of to a guy who was paying insurgents to deficit we face here at home. money they have received to counties pretend to attack him so he could pro- This is the Senate’s chance to show and cities. There may even be a rea- vide security for their infrastructure. that it is time to declare victory. It is soned case for limited additional fund- It is crazy. time to come home. ing to States and localities in the near We spent $43 million on a natural gas I urge support for my amendment, term, although, as I said, I am a bit gas station. Guess how many vehicles and I also remind Senators this is your skeptical. in Afghanistan run on natural gas. chance to vote to end a war. But approving half a trillion dollars Zero. You can’t even find the gas sta- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- to $1 trillion of additional funds for un- tion. My staff went there to see if the ator from New Mexico. certain future needs right now to cover money had been spent, and they Mr. UDALL. Mr. President, I thank unknown State and local needs as far couldn’t go there because it was too you for the recognition, and I thank out as 2 years down the road just isn’t unsafe. Now the report is that the gas Senator INHOFE. I talked to him.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.057 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4117 I would ask unanimous consent, as way, with a yearlong timeframe. It The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a Senator PAUL did, to complete my re- also sunsets the 9/11 AUMF, which has sufficient second? marks and unanimous consent to com- been stretched beyond recognition to There appears to be a sufficient sec- plete my remarks right here on the justify wars we never considered. ond. floor before we have the vote. Even to this day, some in this admin- The question is on agreeing to the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without istration envision using the 2001 AUMF motion. objection, it is so ordered. to justify a war with Iran rather than The clerk will call the roll. Mr. UDALL. Mr. President, I am a actually standing on the floor and in- The legislative clerk called the roll. strong supporter of the AFGHAN Serv- troducing a proposal, as required by Mr. THUNE. The following Senators ice Act, which I introduced with Sen- the Constitution to get in a war, as is are necessarily absent: the Senator ator PAUL. Congress’s authority. from Missouri (Mr. BLUNT), the Senator It has been nearly 19 years since the On the AUMF, this isn’t something from North Carolina (Mr. BURR), the United States entered this war in Af- sudden either; it would give Congress a Senator from Wyoming (Mr. ENZI), the ghanistan after the 9/11 attacks, and we year to consider a new AUMF, if need- Senator from Mississippi (Mrs. HYDE- have had several Presidents—one a ed. SMITH), and the Senator from Alaska It is long past time for Congress to Democrat, one a Republican—say they (Ms. MURKOWSKI). make the difficult decision and stop want to end this war. They announced: Mr. DURBIN. I announce that the ducking the votes on whether to send We don’t want endless wars. We want Senator from Massachusetts (Mr. MAR- our troops into harm’s way. to end this war. Finally, this amendment rewards the KEY), and the Senator from Washington Our current President has said he veterans of these wars. We owe a lot (Mrs. MURRAY) are necessarily absent. wanted to do this for the last 31⁄2 years. more to them, but this is a start. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Are there He hasn’t gotten it done. President I hope you will join me in supporting any other Senators in the Chamber de- Obama wanted to end it. the end of the U.S. war in Afghanistan siring to vote or change their vote? This is the way—the responsible and support the restoration of congres- The result was announced—yeas 60, way—to end this war. We give a year sional war-making authority and vote nays 33, as follows: timeframe. We make absolutely clear against tabling this amendment. This [Rollcall Vote No. 129 Leg.] we are not against our American sol- amendment deserves an up-or-down YEAS—60 diers. We give them a bonus, and we vote, not a tabling vote, so vote no to Alexander Grassley Risch say: You have done a good job. tabling this amendment. I say this in Barrasso Hassan Roberts So don’t listen to the distortions that great respect to Senator INHOFE, and I Blackburn Hawley Romney will be talked about what this amend- Blumenthal Hoeven Rosen know that Senator INHOFE has been Boozman Inhofe Rounds ment is about. very courteous in terms of the time. Capito Johnson Rubio We have soldiers who are heading to At this point, I yield the floor. Carper Jones Sasse fight in this war who weren’t even born The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Cassidy Kennedy Scott (FL) when it began, and most of the soldiers ator from Oklahoma. Collins King Scott (SC) Coons Lankford Shaheen I have talked to who have come home MOTION TO TABLE Cornyn Loeffler Shelby from Afghanistan believe we should be Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, there is Cotton Manchin Sinema out of there. That is one of the most another side to this story, and I think, Cramer McConnell Sullivan persuasive things I have seen. Several Crapo McSally Thune when you hear those promoting this Cruz Menendez Tillis of those soldiers have been elected to particular amendment, it is one we all Ernst Moran Toomey the U.S. Congress and have spoken up agree—we want an end to the war. We Feinstein Murphy Warner very, very strongly about continuing want this to happen. But there are Fischer Perdue Whitehouse Gardner Portman Wicker our war in Afghanistan. some other reasons that this probably Graham Reed Young It has been nearly 10 years since I is not the best way to do it. first came to the Senate floor in 2010 to First of all, the amendment directs a NAYS—33 call for the withdrawal of U.S. combat calendar-based withdrawal from Af- Baldwin Durbin Peters ghanistan rather than a conditions- Bennet Gillibrand Sanders forces from Afghanistan. We have ac- Booker Harris Schatz complished our goal of routing al- based. We have talked about this quite Braun Heinrich Schumer Qaida and killing Osama Bin Laden. often. It is something that you can’t Brown Hirono Smith Those were two of the big things that just say ‘‘It is going to happen by this Cantwell Kaine Stabenow date’’ but, rather, under these certain Cardin Klobuchar Tester were talked about originally when Casey Leahy Udall President Bush went in and basically circumstances. Cortez Masto Lee Van Hollen said: We have these short-term objec- It undermines peace negotiations and Daines Merkley Warren tives, we are going to get them the Trump administration’s Afghan Duckworth Paul Wyden achieved, and then we are going to be strategy. He has talked about that pub- NOT VOTING—7 licly. I think a lot of people agree with out. Blunt Hyde-Smith Murray We have achieved those objectives. that. I do. Burr Markey It would also undermine the Feb- There is no reason for delay and to con- Enzi Murkowski ruary 2020 U.S. agreement with the The motion to table was agreed to; tinue this endless war. The longer we Taliban that tries to map out a path to stay with an ill-defined mission, the the amendment was tabled. peace. According to the plan, U.S. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- greater the risk of a wider war in the forces’ reductions must be tied to ator from New Jersey. region. Believe me, I listen to people Taliban counterterrorism commit- back home. They don’t want a wider ments. That is part of the plan. COVID–19 INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE AND war. They want us to bring our troops Repealing it—the 2001 authorization RECOVERY ACT OF 2020 home. for use of military force—would under- Mr. MENENDEZ. Mr. President, I The recent news that has gripped the mine the authority of the President of rise to speak to S. 3669, the COVID–19 Capitol only underscores that our men the United States for countering ter- International Response and Recovery and women in Afghanistan remain in rorists in Afghanistan but also would Act of 2020. harm’s way. They should be brought undermine the GITMO detention and As of this weekend, there are an esti- home and focus on our core national other global counterterrorist efforts. mated 10 million confirmed cases of security. The DOD and the White House would COVID–19 worldwide. More than 2.5 After 19 years of war, peace in Af- oppose this because it removes an au- million of those cases are right here in ghanistan will need to come from nego- thority for using military force and the United States. The disease has tiation, and the United States can and would significantly undermine coun- claimed over 125,000 American lives. should continue to play a role in those terterrorism authority. For anyone who questioned why we diplomatic efforts. So I move to table the Paul amend- should care about what happens else- This legislation ends the U.S. in- ment No. 2011, and I ask for the yeas where in the world, this pandemic has volvement in the war in a responsible and nays. certainly been most assuredly a wake-

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.059 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4118 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 up call. The virus didn’t start here, but In May, the administration an- a clear strategy to confront the ongo- it came here and Americans are now nounced a 30-day plan to review the or- ing pandemic—the ongoing pandemic— suffering from the effects of an epi- ganization’s handling of the pandemic and prepare the United States to deal demic that shows no signs of stopping. response. But less than 2 weeks after it with the next. Even if we bring it under control in announced that sham review, the It compels the Trump administration the United States, in the absence of President said he was going to with- to constructively engage with other U.S. leadership for a truly global re- draw from the organization—so much countries, international organizations, sponse, the virus can and will return. for the 30-day review. and multilateral fora to stop the We cannot safeguard American lives Next, the administration doubled spread of the coronavirus. without one, but we cannot lead or down on blaming China. The President, Specifically, our bill authorizes an even meaningfully participate in a the Secretary of State, and the Deputy additional $9 billion in funding to fight global response when we don’t have a Administrator of USAID have all used the COVID–19 pandemic through con- coherent and effective domestic strat- racially stigmatizing language to de- tributions toward vaccine research at egy. scribe COVID–19, in direct contradic- the Coalition for Preparedness and In- The President’s desperate denial, his tion to guidance issued by our own novations; a contribution to the Global refusal to take this pandemic seri- Centers for Disease Control and Pre- Fund for Aids, Tuberculosis, and Ma- ously, and his seeming inability to care vention. And the insistence that the laria, for its COVID–19 response mecha- about the health and well-being of all rest of the world agree to use such lan- nism; additional funding for emergency Americans are as shocking as they are guage has prevented us from reaching overseas humanitarian assistance in dangerous. consensus on statements at the G–7 and response to the pandemic, ensuring As opposed to a pandemic response in the U.N. Security Council and seri- that these funds are provided both to strategy, the White House seems to ously weakened our standing. the U.N. for its global response plan, as have a dangerous public relations If this administration is truly con- well as directly to NGOs working on strategy focused on perpetuating a cerned about China’s malign intent at the frontlines; and a new surge financ- false narrative that insists the pan- the WHO and elsewhere, there is a sim- ing authority at the U.S. International demic is almost over, blames China and ple answer: Take action. If the United Development Finance Corporation, or the World Health Organization for its States leads, others will follow. If we DFC, that will allow the DFC to expe- own preparedness and response fail- leave the field open, others, like China, dite decisions and make strategic in- ures, overstates the administration’s will step into the vacuum. vestments quickly to aid in COVID–19 domestic and international response, Isolationist, go-it-alone tactics are reconstruction efforts. and refuses to be candid with Congress not the way to end a pandemic. At a CIRRA also puts in place mecha- and the American people about the time when the United States should be nisms to help us prepare for the next consequences of its irresponsible ac- leading the global response to one of pandemic. It requires an annual na- tions. the greatest threats we face in the 21st tional intelligence estimate on pan- Make no mistake, contrary to what century—and this pandemic will, most demic threats, and it establishes a the White House would have us believe, certainly, not be our last—I have to White House adviser for global health the COVID–19 threat is far from over. wonder if, instead, what we are wit- security to coordinate a whole-of-gov- As Dr. Anthony Fauci testified, it is a nessing is the death of American lead- ernment U.S. response to global health lack of serious response—not as some ership and the end of American security emergencies, aimed at improv- in the White House would have us be- exceptionalism, brought about by the ing both domestic and international lieve, more tests—that is leading to the inattention and ineptitude of the capacity to prevent, respond, and de- skyrocketing case numbers and hos- Trump administration, both here and tect epidemic and pandemic threats. pitalization rates we are seeing today. abroad. It clearly delineates the roles for the Unfortunately, the haphazardness Meanwhile, the rest of the world is State Department, USAID, and the that has characterized the White stepping up and stepping past us. For Centers for Disease Control and Pre- House’s response at home has also example, when Chinese President Xi vention in responding to pandemic shaped its response abroad. Jinping addressed the World Health As- threats, and it directs the U.S. Execu- Secretary Pompeo is right. The sembly in May, he pledged $2 billion tive Director at the World Bank to American people are the most generous over 2 years to combat COVID–19. Sec- begin negotiations to establish a trust on the planet, but that belies this ad- retary Azar used the opportunity to at- fund at the World Bank designed not to ministration’s actual response. The re- tack the WHO and cast blame on China compete with or supplant the World ality is that when it comes to discus- for the pandemic. Health Organization but to work in sions about what it is doing to end the The European Union held a pledging tandem with the WHO on incentivizing pandemic globally, the administration conference on vaccines in May, at countries to mobilize their own re- is trumpeting programs it has spent 3 which $8.2 billion was raised. The sources for epidemic and pandemic pre- years consistently and aggressively United States was invited to partici- paredness. cutting, which explains perfectly why pate, but the White House declined the Now, my Republican colleague on the Secretary Pompeo, to this day, refuses invitation. Is this what the President Foreign Relations Committee finally to come before the Senate Foreign Re- means by ‘‘America first’’? did introduce a modest bill in response lations Committee to defend his pro- Well, if this EU consortium comes up to the pandemic. In keeping with the posed fiscal year 2021 budget. with a vaccine before we do, it will Republican effort to pretend that the America, the world needs a strategy mean America last, as we wait for pandemic is over, it completely ignores to end this pandemic, not a PR blitz to them to share it with us. the current crisis. cover inaction. The blame game will This approach is not only isola- Instead, it focuses on giving legisla- not help us either. Yet, instead of tak- tionist, shortsighted, and foolish; it is tive cover to elite proposals from the ing care of the business at hand, the dangerous. White House that seem to strip essen- administration is channeling its energy It is clear that the administration’s tial pandemic response functions from toward fault finding and divisive, ra- response is not keeping the American USAID and put them in the State De- cially inflammatory rhetoric. people safe, and it is just as clear that partment, and sets up a structure at First, the White House tried to say there are actions we can take to effec- the World Bank that would allow the that the U.S. epidemic was the World tively respond to this pandemic and White House to channel funding meant Health Organization’s fault, despite the better prepare for future pandemics. for the WHO into another multilateral fact that the United States was regu- Since the administration doesn’t mechanism. larly communicating with and receiv- seem to have any ideas, Democrats on Colleagues, to say that that approach ing information from the WHO, includ- the Foreign Relations Committee in- is inadequate to meet the crisis of the ing through U.S. Government employ- troduced a bill to provide some. S. 3669, century would be so much of an under- ees embedded at the WHO headquarters the COVID–19 International Response statement as to almost be a lie in and in Geneva. and Recovery Act, or CIRRA, presents of itself. The chairman’s legislation

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.060 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4119 completely ignores the current pan- held only 25 percent of corporate board to him, along with our chairman, Sen- demic while setting us up for failure seats, and only 5.8 percent of that 25 ator CRAPO. when we are confronted by the next percent were women of color. While While convictions are important to pandemic. We quite simply must do men make up 75 percent of Fortune 100 us on the Banking Committee, so is better. corporate board seats, only 13.7 percent data. I believe that as much as we can More than 700 Americans a day are of those are men of color. be, America is and should be a color- dying. Neither the finger-pointing, If we wanted to take a broader look, blind meritocracy. I believe in that. blame-game, race-baiting statements the picture is even bleaker. Latinos I also believe in data. I believe in linked to the origins of the disease, nor and Latinas make up 25 percent of the facts. This is a data bill. This is a fact a strategy centered on denial will win U.S. population, yet they held only 2.7 bill. This doesn’t make anybody do the battle against COVID–19. percent of corporate board seats in anything except be transparent. It is painfully apparently that Con- Fortune 100 companies. I could go on, This bill applies to public companies. gress will have to lead in this effort, but I think I have made the point. Some may call them Wall Street com- just as it led in domestic relief and re- I was originally hopeful that the Se- panies, but they are spread throughout covery efforts. If we fail to develop a curities and Exchange Commission America. I make that point simply to proposal that boldly and robustly ad- would help address this problem reaffirm that this does not apply to dresses the current crisis, ensures that through its 2009 diversity disclosure small, publicly held companies we we are adequately prepared for the rule, but the 2009 rule failed to even de- sometimes call Main Street businesses. next one, and aids countries around the fine diversity and gives companies far This bill is endorsed by the U.S. globe with recovery, we will have failed too much discretion on what they re- Chamber of Commerce. This fact and the American people and fallen pain- port. That is why I introduced a bill data bill passed overwhelmingly in the fully short of the legacy created last year with Representative MEEKS House with a bipartisan coalition, and through initiatives such as the Presi- to improve the SEC rule. as Senator MENENDEZ eloquently point- dent’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief The bill does three main things. No. ed out, it simply requires public—usu- and the Marshall plan, to name a few. 1, it requires public companies to dis- ally large, but not always—publicly We must understand that there is a close specific information related to held corporations to report data with recent report that came out of a poten- the racial, gender, ethnic makeup and respect to their Board of Directors, tial swine flu. Well, whether it is that veteran status of corporate boards and nominees to the Board of Directors, or something else, we have the risk of senior management—simple disclosure. and their executive officers. the next pandemic. Our engagement No. 2, it requires public companies to The data that these companies are globally is not just about being a good disclose whether they have policies in being asked to report is data with re- global citizen. It is about security and place to promote diversity in their spect to gender, data with respect to health here at home. leadership. No. 3, it requires the SEC to veteran status, data with respect to When we can engage abroad to stop establish a diversity advisory group ethnicity, and data with respect to the flow of a virus, then, we ultimately composed of government, academic, race to the extent that the board mem- achieve the success on behalf of the and private sector representatives to bers, nominees, and the executive offi- American people, and we leave the study strategies for increasing gender, cers themselves report that data. world with a better response. That is racial, and ethnic diversity in cor- Frankly, and I will end on this note, what we are seeking to do, and we will porate America. I was very surprised that we didn’t come back to the floor at the appro- Let me be clear. The bill does not have this data. In fact, when I first priate time to seek to move that legis- force companies to be more diverse, read Congressman MEEKS’ bill and Sen- lation. but it does require them to be more ator MENENDEZ’s bill, I thought: This UNANIMOUS CONSENT REQUEST—H.R. 5084 transparent about their numbers and can’t be necessary; we must have this Madam President, turning to a dif- their practices. That is valuable infor- data at the Securities and Exchange ferent topic for the moment, one that mation that the public and potential Commission. We do not, but we will if my colleague from Louisiana is also investors should have when deciding this bill becomes law. For that reason, here to join me in—and I appreciate his where to put their money. I rise in support of Congressman being here—I come to the floor today, The House passed this bill on a bipar- MEEKS’ legislation and Senator MENEN- in addition to speaking about the tisan vote in November, and it enjoys DEZ’s legislation, and I support it. COVID–19 international legislation, to bipartisan support here in the Senate. With that, I would yield to Senator seek unanimous consent on H.R. 5084, It is supported by a fantastic coalition MENENDEZ. the Improving Corporate Governance that includes the NAACP, the National The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Through Diversity Act of 2019. Urban League, the Latino Corporate ator from New Jersey. This is a bipartisan piece of legisla- Directors Association, and the U.S. Mr. MENENDEZ. I thank the Senator tion aimed at increasing transparency Chamber of Commerce. from Louisiana for his words and for in America’s corporate boardrooms and Corporate diversity is not just mor- his support, and I wish we had this al- ultimately lead to greater diversity in ally right; corporate diversity makes ready. It is not very difficult—trans- the upper tiers of America’s companies. financial sense. McKinsey & Company parency, information for which con- We know that corporate America has studies have consistently found that sumers can make decisions and inves- a diversity problem. Boards and execu- greater diversity on executive teams tors can make decisions, and you would tive offices across the United States do has led to greater profitability. The think in the 21st Century, that is not a not look like the customers they serve. need for increased corporate diversity problem. Multiple studies, including my own, is not an act of benevolence; it is a ne- Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- have demonstrated this hard fact. cessity for businesses looking to com- sent that the Committee on Banking, Since 2010, I have conducted four sur- pete in a diverse 21st century economy. Housing, and Urban Affairs be dis- veys focused on the Fortune 100 compa- Before I proceed to my unanimous charged from further consideration and nies looking into this problem. They consent request, I would like to yield the Senate proceed to H.R. 5084; I fur- had very big response rates, for which to Senator KENNEDY for some remarks ther ask unanimous consent that the I am grateful to the companies who he has on this issue, and then I will bill be considered read a third time and participated. proceed to that consent request. passed and that the motion to recon- My latest survey revealed that since The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- sider be considered made and laid upon 2010, women and people of color have ator from Louisiana. the table. made only marginal gains in represen- Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. President, thank The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there tations on corporate boards. For exam- you to my colleague from New Jersey objection? ple, in 2018, women held only 25 percent for yielding me some time. The Senator from Utah. of corporate board seats on Fortune 100 I sit on the Banking Committee with Mr. LEE. Mr. President, reserving companies. Despite making up over Senator MENENDEZ, and it is my privi- the right to object, the purpose of the half of the entire U.S. population, they lege. I have learned a lot from listening Securities and Exchange Commission

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.061 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4120 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 is to protect investors and to maintain If I were an investor, I would like to and colleague, the Senator from New orderly and efficient markets. This bill know whether a company is diverse or Jersey. I do respectfully but strongly would change that deal. It would not. Latinos represent 25 percent of the disagree with his position on this. change the entire premise of the SEC. population, the fastest growing, largest He made the point several times that It would use the SEC to pressure people minority in the Nation. I would like to if he were acting as an investor, he to disclose personal information that know if the money I am going to put would very much like to know the has no connection to the financial into a stock—buying a stock of a com- composition of a corporate board or an health of the company, information pany—does it reflect the understanding executive team within a corporation, that many people understandably, jus- of that community in any way? African which is great. A lot of people feel the tifiably, and with really good reason Americans—does it reflect that under- same way. That isn’t the question. No prefer to keep private. Why? Because it standing? Does it reflect the under- one is stopping a corporation from dis- is not the public’s business; it is theirs. standing that 50 percent of the popu- closing that information. In fact, a The bill requires businesses to probe lation are women? whole lot of corporations do. the race, gender, ethnicity, and veteran The free market—yes, the free mar- Some may not want to do that. Some status of not only those already on the ket works on information. You make might want to disclose some of this in- senior payroll of their companies but decisions in the free market based on formation but not all of it. Some might also anyone who is even considered for information, but when the information not want to be in a position of asking those positions. is hidden from you, when you can’t find probing questions regarding the gender Secondly, the free market already out, in fact, what is the diversity of the and ethnicity and race of their employ- provides a way to achieve these goals. corporate board, senior executive man- ees, understanding that it will then be If investors prefer to invest in compa- agement, procurement and other disclosed to the public under the crush- nies that have certain kinds of people things, then the free market doesn’t ing force of Federal law. on their boards and certain kinds of work very well, does it? There are legitimate reasons why a people in executive positions, then The heavy hand of government—oh, company might not want to do that, companies have a financial incentive my God—to disclose, to be trans- some of which have to do with that to disclose that information. No one is parent—that is the heavy hand of gov- company’s own ability to treat its em- stopping them from doing that. Many ernment? When the government ployees and its board members and its companies do, in fact, disclose that in- doesn’t work to make our systems executive team with dignity and re- formation. Many companies are al- more transparent so that investors and spect. In some circumstances, not ev- ready providing this information be- consumers can make decisions, who erything is the government’s business. cause their customers and their inves- will do that? The free market? I don’t Transparency, yes. It is absolutely tors are demanding it. think so. something that I believe in. Trans- Government is neither omniscient The Senator from Utah, I know, has parency usually refers to what we need nor omnipotent. It is not a deity. It is been very much an advocate of trans- when it comes to government action. just force. It is just organized, collec- parency in other matters; somehow, in Transparency is what we demand when tive official force. That is all it is. We this one, it seems to be a problem. And we require open public hearings when should not use the heavy hand of gov- to protect investors—yes, we ought to government does business. Trans- ernment for things that the American protect investors because investors parency is what we require when we people already have the opportunity to who would be making investments in a allow government documents to be do on their own and in many, if not company that is devoid of African made public and allow the public to see most, cases already are doing on their Americans, devoid of Latinos, devoid of what the regulatory process is doing. own. the representation of who America is Transparency doesn’t mean that ev- Finally, the bill co-ops Federal em- today may think twice about the large erything that everyone does in Amer- ployees at the SEC to create a diver- pension funds and other entities. They ica that has a tie to economic activity sity advisory group of government bu- may say: Wait a minute. Maybe that is is the public’s business. The fact that reaucrats and academics who would ad- not the type of company I want to in- it is publicly traded doesn’t mean it is vise Congress on policies to increase vest in. owned by the government. ethnic and gender diversity on cor- But the investor will not know that So the statement made by my col- porate boards. unless they have that information. I league to the effect that when informa- We already have a diversity advisory would think, in the 21st century, when tion is hidden from you, then the free group. We already have it. It is the mil- we see the national debate that is tak- market doesn’t work very well—I don’t lions of Americans whom we represent. ing place today on the questions of understand what that means. If what To think that bureaucrats at the SEC race, on questions of ethnicity and he is suggesting is that it is hidden in could inform Congress of the impor- other things, we would want to at least violation of law, that is not the case. If tance of inclusion and diversity better have the data so that we can make in- what he is suggesting is that the free than the American people is wasteful, telligent decisions. market can’t punish those who refuse and to think that it is appropriate to By the way, the U.S. Chamber of to disclose information about the vest in the SEC an entity designed to Commerce—the Chamber of Commerce boards and reward those who do, that is protect investors from fraudulent ac- is normally not on my side. They came exactly what the free market does. The tivities of those running these enter- and testified specifically in support of free market has every opportunity to prises is just the wrong conception, not this provision. They represent business work here. It is not as though nobody only of the SEC but of government in in America, and they came forth and is providing this information, but it is general. said: We believe that, in fact, this is not their business. For these reasons, Mr. President, I good for business. If it weren’t good for As to the suggestion that because the object. business, they wouldn’t be there. They Chamber of Commerce supports this, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- wouldn’t be advocating for it. therefore it is pro-business, and be- tion is heard. So we will succeed at this. We may cause it is pro-business, we should all The Senator from New Jersey. not have done it today by this process, support it, I respectfully but strongly Mr. MENENDEZ. I am not surprised, but we will succeed at this because the disagree. I know that as a Republican, but I am deeply disappointed that my Nation requires it. It is good account- I am supposed to automatically agree colleague takes that position. First of ability. It is good transparency. It is good for with what the Chamber of Commerce all, the SEC has had a diversity rule the free market to know what the informa- says. Sometimes I do, but, you know, a since 2009. It has a diversity rule, but tion is so people can make decisions. It is certainly, at the end of the day, about pro- whole lot of the time, I don’t. the diversity rule as they devised it tecting investors. So I look forward to mak- This goes back a long time. It goes doesn’t do anything about trans- ing that happen at the appropriate time. back to the time when the U.S. Cham- parency of information. So we are not The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ber of Commerce opposed a massive tax creating something at the SEC that ator from Utah. reform bill that was proposed by Presi- the SEC itself wasn’t pursuing in the Mr. LEE. Mr. President, I have deep dent Calvin Coolidge. I found some re- protection of investors. affection and adoration for my friend lief in the fantastic, eponymous book

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00038 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.063 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4121 ‘‘Coolidge’’ about President Coolidge this moment—not in spite of this mo- And even though donations have gone and his proposal of that reform—a re- ment but because of it. Government is up—we are a generous people in this form that, by the way, helped build for. We have seen the catastrophic con- country—donations have gone up, but America’s middle class and resulted in sequences of people who lose sight of the need has far outpaced the funds explosive economic growth. The U.S. what government is for and what its that are available. Chamber of Commerce opposed that re- limitations are. As the pandemic swept across our form. The fact is that we don’t have access Nation, one in five adults experienced The U.S. Chamber of Commerce gets to angels, as James Madison described food insecurity—one in five. More than a lot of things wrong, and it is wrong it in Federalist 51. If men were angels, 3 months later, even more Americans here. This isn’t the government’s busi- we wouldn’t have a need for govern- in every State are struggling to put ness. These businesses are not govern- ment. If we had access to angels to run food on the table. These are laid-off ment. They can do what they want, and our government, we wouldn’t need all workers who lost their jobs due to the it is not our place to say otherwise. these rules. But because we are not an- pandemic and aren’t sure they will be The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- gels, we don’t have access to them to able to find employment. Many of them ator from New Jersey. run our government. We have to have need food assistance, and it is for the Mr. MENENDEZ. Mr. President, I ap- rules, and there have to be limitations first time in their life that they need preciate the intellectual exercise we on what is and isn’t the role of govern- to ask for that help. are going through on the floor. I will ment. These are single moms and dads who just make two final comments because Now, look, there are all kinds of busi- are worried about getting their kids fed I know that my colleague is anxiously nesses that keep track of this informa- before they even think about them- waiting to talk about the need for peo- tion on the corporate board members selves. ple to be able to put food on the table. and those considered for those posi- These are veterans who are willing to Look, the Securities and Exchange tions and their executives and those put their lives on the line for the coun- Commission exists, yes, to protect in- considered for those positions. It is not try. Now they are struggling to find vestors and also the marketplace, but our role to tell them the information work and make rent and just need a they make all types of demands upon they have to extract from each and little extra help getting the food they the companies that are publicly traded every person they interview for those need to survive. in terms of disclosure of information, positions and demand that it be pub- These are senior citizens who are at so I don’t know what is so difficult licly disclosed. Why? Well, because, high risk of COVID–19 and have had to about that. among other things, it is none of their make drastic changes to their day-to- I will say this: The Nation will have darn business, and in many cases, it is day life just to stay safe. a rude awakening if it thinks it can none of ours. That is the business of These are children who relied on continue with business as usual—a the individual. school meals for breakfast and lunch, rude awakening. We shouldn’t be punishing compa- possibly after school as well, who have Something as simple as simply know- nies, businesses, and hard-working gotten used to the pain of an empty ing the information about diversity on Americans. Yes, some of them are rich, stomach since their school closed. corporate boards, which every study and a whole lot of them are not rich. To these people, hunger is not a par- shows actually improves the bottom We shouldn’t be punishing them just tisan issue. It is not a political issue. line and which investors should be able because they don’t happen to share our For them, it is a daily reality that to have to make those decisions—and view of how they ought to be oper- they face. For many of them, SNAP is we are not talking about the employ- ating. the vital lifeline that keeps them fed in ees; we are talking about the corporate I find it curious that he says over and times of need, and today that need is board members, my God, the people over again that this is how they will be even greater. If we are looking at the who make billions of dollars of deci- more successful and this is how they direction of COVID–19 and what is hap- sions, who ultimately decide whether will make more money. It is not our pening across the country, I am con- they go to a community or don’t go to place to decide. They are free to oper- cerned, but I think it is realistic to say a community to invest in, who ulti- ate their business in a foolish way and that the need is going to go even high- mately get the dollars from the com- in a way that might cost them money. er. munities that I like to see represented. It doesn’t make it our place to decide In any crisis, it is just common sense It is good enough to take our money, this. to make sure affected families have but it is not good enough to have us The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- their basic needs met. When I think of have any representation. And evidently ator from Michigan. my friend from Ohio, who is our cham- this body is not even good enough to UNANIMOUS CONSENT REQUEST pion on housing—we talked about have the information so I know who is Ms. STABENOW. Mr. President, I housing as being a basic need. I don’t taking my money without representa- rise today to be joined by my col- know anything more basic than a roof tion. That cannot be. That cannot be leagues as well. I am very grateful to over your head and food on the table. the American way. see the Senator from Ohio here. Food and housing are pretty basic. We I yield the floor. Thank you so much for being on the would all suggest that those are things The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- floor. that you start with and that you want ator from Utah. Other colleagues will join to speak for yourself and your family. Mr. LEE. Mr. President, as my dis- this evening on behalf of millions of When people’s lives are turned upside tinguished friend and colleague from American families who are struggling down through no fault of their own, New Jersey says, the fact that they to make ends meet and feed their fami- Americans come together to provide a make all types of demands on publicly lies at this incredibly challenging temporary safety net to help them get traded companies is not a substitute time. back on their feet. That is what the for an actual logical or legal argument The COVID–19 crisis is taking a pro- Supplemental Nutrition Assistance as to why they are entitled to informa- found toll on our economy and the Program is, SNAP. It is not there for tion that is not theirs—information quality of life of millions of families. when folks don’t need it; it is there for these companies may or may not As businesses have closed and millions when they do need it. choose to collect because that is their have lost their jobs, the number of peo- During every past disaster, we have business. It is not the government’s ple in need of food assistance has acted to make sure, as Americans, that business, and it sure as heck isn’t the soared. Food banks have seen a 70-per- people don’t go hungry. On a bipartisan government. cent increase in demand—70 percent in- basis, we have increased SNAP benefits So the fact that they make all types crease in demand. We have all seen the when families are in need and in cases of demands on publicly traded compa- photos of lines of families in cars of natural and economic disasters, like nies doesn’t prove the point here. We stretching on and on for miles, waiting after the 2008 financial crisis. have to remember something, and, yes, in parking lots with moms and dads, I do note that my dear friend, the we have to remember it right now in trying to get food for their children. chairman of the Ag Committee—who I

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00039 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.065 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4122 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 think is on a different side of what we fruits and vegetables so they can stay Over the past few months, through are going to be asking for tonight—he healthy while they are staying at home the enactment of both the Families and I have come together over and over through this crisis. It means maybe First Act and the CARES Act, Congress again on a bipartisan basis and will one less skipped meal at the end of the has provided both funding and flexibili- continue to do that to work together month. One less skipped meal, that is ties for nutrition assistance during this on these issues. what we are talking about. pandemic emergency. The funding from We provide additional help to people This modest increase will help ensure the Families First and CARES Acts in need. That is the first thing we do. that families most affected by the pan- has included the following: $15 billion Yet we know that increasing SNAP demic will be able to cover the cost of for the Supplemental Nutrition Assist- benefits, in addition to helping people food while they stay safe, while they ance Program; $8.8 billion for the in need, should be No. 1. Put people look for work, and while they rebuild School and Child Nutrition Programs; first—that should be No. 1. their lives, which many families are $1 billion in food distribution pro- The great news with SNAP is that it needing to do. grams, like The Emergency Food As- also boosts the economy. This is a We also need to increase the min- sistance Program, TEFAP, and the twofer. According to the USDA, SNAP imum amount of SNAP from $16 to $30 Food Distribution Program for Indian is one of the best investments we can per day. Again, for all of us, that Reservations; $500 million for the Spe- make. For every dollar we put into doesn’t seem like a lot. The reality is, cial Supplemental Nutrition Program SNAP benefits, when somebody walks this may be lifesaving—lifesaving—this for Women, Infants, and Children, or into the grocery store and buys food, difference, especially for our seniors the WIC Program. we see roughly $1.70 more in the econ- who live alone. In addition, Congress provided emer- omy. It is the most efficient way to We must also waive the Trump ad- gency SNAP benefits, allotments, and help farmers and to help the food in- ministration’s harmful regulations pandemic EBT benefits for children dustry, is to allow people to have that will take food assistance away while schools are closed. money to buy food for themselves and from hungry Americans when they The Department of Agriculture has their kids and for their parents. need it the most. At a time when our been steadily distributing both food We know that every additional bil- neighbors and our economy are strug- and benefits, and the Department has lion dollars in SNAP supports nearly gling, it is unconscionable to move for- granted and extended many flexibili- ward with rules that would cut and 14,000 jobs. ties to State and sponsoring organiza- deny benefits to millions of Americans, Usually families spend their benefits tions to get food to those in need. immediately, so it is very quick. I rules that would take away school The distinguished Senator from mean, you don’t spend a lot of time—if meals from up to 1 million children. Michigan, for whom I have a great deal The Senate has the power to provide you are hungry, you are not going to be of respect and friendship—we have a quick help to millions of people in waiting a couple of weeks before you history of working together on the Ag- every State across the country right use your SNAP benefits; you are going now, right now. What a great way to riculture Committee to help those in to immediately go to the store. That is spend a Wednesday evening to be able need. an immediate economic impact. In fact, just last week, we wrote the to help millions of families during this When families buy food at grocery Secretary of Agriculture, Sonny crisis. stores and markets, as I said, they are This is urgently needed. This is ur- Perdue, about some of the WIC flexi- strengthening their local economies gently needed help for the millions of bilities, and the Department of Agri- and the supply chain as a whole, from families who are wondering where their culture has already acted to extend the farmers to the truckdrivers, to the next meal is going to come from. This those flexibilities. This is just a recent stockers, to the cashiers, to the folks is urgently needed help for the millions example of the good work we can ac- who invest in the stock markets. of people who have lost their jobs complish together, but I respectfully In fact, farmers understand better through no fault of their own in this object to this unanimous consent. than anybody that families are their crisis. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ob- customers. That is why, when we write When an unprecedented emergency jection is heard. a bipartisan farm bill, which I am has put American lives and livelihoods Ms. STABENOW. Mr. President. proud that we have been able to do, we in danger, we have an obligation to act. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- make sure it helps both farmers and It is not only our sworn duty; it is the ator from Michigan. families. right thing to do. It is just, plainly, the Ms. STABENOW. Mr. President, I Farm bills are about a farmer safety right thing to do. agree with my friend from Kansas that net. Farmers need additional help right Boosting SNAP benefits is a tried- we work together in many ways and now. It is also about a family’s safety and-true, effective way to strengthen have been able to get a lot of good net, and families need help right now. the economy and help Americans put things together by working across the Families across the country need help food on the table. The U.S. Senate aisle. I want to focus on just a couple right now, and this time is no different. should not look away in the face of so of things to expound on what he said, Nearly 2,500 farm and food advocates much need. though. agree with that. In a letter to Senate Therefore, Mr. President, I ask unan- While we, in fact, did add dollars for leadership, these groups, including the imous consent that the Senate proceed some emergency SNAP in the original National Council of Farmer Coopera- to the immediate consideration of my Families First Response Act, unfortu- tives, the National Milk Producers bill to make temporary modifications nately, about 40 percent of the house- Federation, the National Farmers to the Supplemental Nutrition Assist- holds didn’t get any extra help at all. Union—thousands of organizations— ance Program, which is at the desk. I These were our poorest citizens. These have urged us to increase SNAP bene- further ask that the bill be considered were those who were already getting— fits for families in need right now with read three times and passed and that because their income was so low—the what is happening right now in this the motion to reconsider be considered maximum benefit, and they got no help crisis. made and laid upon the table. at all. So 40 percent of the folks didn’t We are asking for something very The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there see anything that was just described, simple and very reasonable, a 15-per- objection? and, for others, we are very concerned cent boost in SNAP benefits. This in- Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. President, reserv- about the temporary nature of this and crease means an additional $25 a month ing the right to object. the fact that it was not enough to sus- per person. That may not seem like The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- tain what is happening for families. much, unless you don’t have any food, ator from Kansas. The 15 percent that we are talking unless you can’t feed your children, un- Mr. ROBERTS. I rise to respond to about, which is something that was less you are a senior, and you can’t get this unanimous consent request to call done back during the economic reces- food. up and pass a bill to make modifica- sion and has been done in various ways The fact is, it may mean that a mom tions to the Supplemental Nutrition in the past, is an important response to can actually give her children some Assistance Program, known as SNAP. make sure that every single family and

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00040 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.067 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4123 individual who needs food assistance— how people are living. I want to hear Leader MCCONNELL says no to rental not just some but that every single one about people’s lives. assistance. He says no to helping State can get the help they need at this time. I can’t imagine Senator MCCONNELL and local governments. Wait until the What has been done up to this point does any of that; otherwise, he couldn’t layoffs in Michigan and Ohio and Or- was a start. It is surely not enough— make these awful, hard-hearted deci- egon and Minnesota and North and surely not enough. At the very begin- sions to eliminate unemployment when South Dakota. Wait until the govern- ning of this process, it was not clear it ends at the end of this month. Maybe ment and the local government layoffs how long this was going to go or how he will decide to compromise, but, come. Then what are we going to do? deep this was going to go. right now, if you are an unemployed People shouldn’t have to always fend The U.S. Senate needs to respond to worker, and you can’t find a job in De- for themselves in the middle of a crisis. what we are seeing now and how fami- troit or in Portland or in Eugene or in We should not have people starving or lies are being affected across the coun- St. Paul, you wonder if your unemploy- risking their health to get food. People try. ment is going to just stop, and you are shouldn’t be hungry in this country—in I am going to now yield to Senator going to get evicted. You don’t have this rich country. BROWN and then Senator KLOBUCHAR. I enough food, and we don’t do a damn It is time for us to step up. It is time believe I saw her on the floor as well. thing about it here. to lead where the President has failed. Yes, Senator KLOBUCHAR and then Sen- This is the United States of America. It is time for Senator MCCONNELL to ator WYDEN as well—three tremendous Couldn’t we help hard-working Ameri- let us do our jobs—debate this; let’s advocates. cans? Instead, we see an objection to pass it; and let’s move forward. Thank you so much. rental assistance. We see an objection I yield the floor. Senator BROWN. to increasing food benefits. I don’t get The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Mr. BROWN. Thank you, Senator it, the United States of America, that ator from Michigan. STABENOW, and thank you for intro- this would possibly happen. Ms. STABENOW. Mr. President, I ducing this bill and your leadership on We should take up and pass Senator want to thank Senator BROWN for his all issues agriculture, especially the STABENOW’s bill right now to increase eloquence and advocacy, and I want to importance of SNAP and feeding peo- SNAP benefits. thank him also for being an incredibly ple. At a time when the country is finally effective member of the Agriculture, This is the United States of America. focusing on racial injustice, we have to Nutrition, and Forestry Committee, as One specific thing Senator STABENOW recognize these issues are all con- is our next speaker, the senior Senator said that really caught me was, it is nected. from Minnesota—two Members that I pretty simple: People should have a You all know that this pandemic has am so proud to have as partners of roof over their head, and people should been the great revealer. It has revealed mine on the Agriculture, Nutrition, have food on the table. income inequality. It has revealed ra- and Forestry Committee. Think if you don’t. I don’t think that cial disparities. It has revealed life I yield time to Senator KLOBUCHAR. probably most of us know, intimately, expectancies. If you look like me, your The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- people who don’t have enough to eat life expectancy is a good bit longer ator from Minnesota. and people who get evicted. I don’t than if you are African American or Ms. KLOBUCHAR. Mr. President, I think we feel the anxiety they feel Latino in this country; that our earn- want to thank the Senator from Michi- every night, wondering about the next ing power is more and that our edu- gan for her leadership on the Agri- meal. Today is July 1, wondering about cational opportunities are greater. We culture, Nutrition, and Forestry Com- the rent payment. know all that. Are we doing anything mittee, helping to pass and leading the Senator KLOBUCHAR said this earlier about it here? No, we are not. last farm bill in the Senate, along with today; that before the coronavirus, 25 The President of the United States Senator ROBERTS and so many of us percent of Americans who rent spend has put all of that behind him. He who are on that committee. more than half their income in rent. So doesn’t care about the pandemic. He We understand that rural America is if one thing goes wrong in their life— never mentions the 120,000 people in hurting right now, and rural America one thing goes wrong: their car breaks this country—our brothers and sisters is actually part of the solution as well down; they have a problem and their and mothers and fathers and children for so many people who are hungry and roof leaks; their child gets sick; they and grandparents who have died from who need help. get hurt on the job and miss 2 weeks of this. He never mentions them. He has This pandemic and its economic im- pay, their life turns upside down. forgotten about that. He just doesn’t pact has left 41 million Americans un- Do we think about them? Do we want it to affect the stock market. employed and strained the financial se- think about their anxiety? Apparently It goes on and on and on. Increased curity of hundreds of thousands of fam- not. demand at food banks, we hear it all ilies across this country. Today, this could have been a really, the time. We see the stress on employ- I have always worked to ensure, from really, really good day for workers in ees and the volunteers at food banks. the minute I got on the Agriculture, this country—for fast-food workers, for Governor DeWine, to his credit—a Nutrition, and Forestry Committee, the people who change the linen in hos- Republican, and I appreciate that he is that we focus on nutrition. Programs pitals, for custodians, for data entry doing this—sent the National Guard in like the Supplemental Nutrition As- people, for home care workers—people to help at food banks. Why? Because sistance Program—or, as it is known, who are on their feet all day long many, many food bank volunteers are SNAP—are the place to do this: to pro- working for little pay. It could have older, and they couldn’t risk getting vide meaningful relief to families, chil- been a big-deal day. It could be a red- exposed to so many who are coming in dren, senior citizens, veterans. People letter day for them because we could for food. The lines are hours and hours all over this country, people who never have assured them that they will not and hours long. Food insecurity rates thought they would be out of a job, get evicted; that they will not get fore- have doubled since March, almost. people who used to—and I heard this closed on if their hours have been cut We are realizing why we have a safe- story in Minnesota—volunteer in food back or if they are laid off; and we ty net in this country. We are realizing banks, now they are standing in line at could have assured them that they the importance of government. But, ap- food banks because they unexpectedly would get a little food on the table. parently, my colleagues, under Senator lost their jobs. But under the leadership of Senator MCCONNELL and President Trump, Many of us have seen this. I have vis- MCCONNELL, we don’t ever do that. don’t want to recognize that govern- ited these food banks. Even before the Senator MCCONNELL’s office is back ment has a role in our lives. pandemic, more than 37 million people, there. I don’t know if he ever thinks The House did its part. It passed the including more than 11 million chil- about people like that. One of my fa- Heroes Act, which has a 15-percent dren, were living in a food-insecure vorite Lincoln quotes is he said: I have across-the-board increase of SNAP ben- household. to get out of the White House and get efits, but, as always, Leader MCCON- Analytics released by the national my public opinion baths. I have to see NELL is standing in the way. nonprofit Feeding America in April

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00041 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.069 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4124 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 projected these numbers to increase pants out of the program, and that is In these times of uncertainty and this year to more than 54 million peo- why I have called on the administra- with rising food insecurity, we need to ple, including 18 million children. tion to withdraw rules that would take work to ensure that the nutrition The 350 food shelves in my State op- these benefits away from families in needs of our most vulnerable citizens erated by Second Harvest Heartland need. are met. are seeing double or triple the number As for food deserts, again, the pan- I yield the floor. of visitors. So this weekend, on Sun- demic has simply put a big, fat magni- Ms. STABENOW. Mr. President, I day, I visited one of our biggest food fying glass on a problem that already want to thank my friend from Min- shelves, Second Harvest Heartland, existed, and that is that 23.5 million nesota for her wonderful words. Again, with Director Allison O’Toole, with a Americans live in a food desert where we think about all the need that is number of people who were working the absence of a grocery store within 1 there, and we are here just trying to there around the clock. They just re- mile of their home makes it more dif- make sure that people can get their ba- leased a study. What the study said is ficult to purchase fresh, nutritious sics, such as food on the table for the that before the pandemic 1 in 11 Min- food. kids. nesotans were living with hunger. Now, Low-income Americans and people of We are very fortunate, and I feel very they project for August—only a little color are much more likely to live in a fortunate to have both Senators from over a month from now—that one in food desert, and people in rural areas Oregon here on the floor this evening. eight Minnesotans will be food inse- live in these food deserts all over I am going to first yield now to Sen- cure—one in eight. America. ator WYDEN, but I want to say first: They said, tracking our State’s his- That is why Senator BROWN and I Senator WYDEN is the ranking member tory back to the Great Depression, wrote a letter with 20 Senators urging of the Finance Committee, as we know. they have never seen anything like this the Department of Agriculture to I think that is a pretty powerful com- since the Great Depression—not even prioritize these programs intended to mittee, and we are grateful for his the economic downturn 10 years ago, minimize food deserts and support leadership. I am particularly grateful for the not the ups and downs in unemploy- local and regional efforts for these work the Senator is doing and has done ment that we have seen in our rural projects. on unemployment compensation and areas, the farm crises up in Northern We cannot overlook the capacity what needs to be done and the impor- Minnesota—nothing like they are pro- needs of food shelves, and that is some- tance of tying all of this together—for jecting to happen. thing I talked about with our friends at somebody having enough income to be July begins with the Fourth of July. Second Harvest Heartland just this able to pay the rent and then getting The Fourth of July is when we cele- weekend. The WORK NOW Act is something enough help to put food on the table. brate our country. We celebrate what I am proud to be his partner and very that—I appreciate Senator WYDEN is America means. My hope is that we much appreciate all that he is doing to will end July by actually passing the here as one of the cosponsors, along put people first—Senator WYDEN. Heroes Act. I know we are going to ne- with Senator BROWN and Senator Mr. WYDEN. Mr. President, I thank gotiate it, colleagues. I know we will SCHATZ—supports nonprofit organiza- Senator STABENOW, my seatmate on make changes over what passed in the tions, to make it easier for them to the Senate Finance Committee. We are House, but we cannot let our States go hire people who are actually out of a bit more socially distant now, but we bankrupt. We must help local areas. work, who could then help other peo- still have spent this time plotting and I was on the phone today with our ple. thinking and trying to imagine a fu- friends in the Fargo-Moorhead area, It is why I joined Senator STABENOW ture that provides the kinds of prior- and we have seen it there too. We have and several of my colleagues in the Ag- ities that we have been talking about seen it all over our State. riculture Committee in introducing the today. The SNAP program was originally Food Supply Protection Act to help Senator STABENOW’s reports particu- designed to respond to changes in the food banks increase their capacity and larly—these wonderful reports that economy by expanding to meet in- strengthen partnerships to prevent document the cost of inaction—I have creased need during economic down- food waste while feeding more families. almost made them a reference tool on turns and contracting as economic re- One of my predecessors, Vice Presi- my desk so, when I have to look at a covery alleviates the need for food as- dent Hubert H. Humphrey, whose desk particular area, I can turn to one of sistance. I stand in front of today—his name is those Stabenow reports. They are al- Under the farm bill that was signed carved in the desk—served on the Agri- ways understandable, always cutting into law under Senator STABENOW’s culture Committee. He grew up in a right to the heart of the issue, which is leadership in 2018, we preserved this small town in South Dakota. He be- this: How are you going to give the op- critical lifeline. The conference report, came a professor eventually, but his fa- portunity for everybody in America to which passed with 87 votes in the Sen- ther was a pharmacist. He understood get ahead—not just the people at the ate and 369 votes in the House of Rep- the importance—growing up in that top but everybody in America the resentatives, avoided making cuts to family, seeing the ups and downs of chance to get ahead? benefits or changes to eligibility that rural America—of stable government I am not going to take but a few min- would take away benefits or create ob- policy for both agriculture producers utes. I do want to note that I believe stacles. and families struggling to put food on that Oregon is the only State to have At this difficult time, we should en- the table. produced 100 percent of its U.S. Sen- sure that we are getting assistance to He was a leading advocate of Federal ators on behalf of the cause tonight. all of those who need it, not put up new nutrition programs and played an in- This is something Senator MERKLEY barriers—not with what we are seeing strumental role in the passage of what and I enjoy doing when there is an op- with more COVID cases in the southern was then called the Food Stamp Act of portunity to speak for justice. part of this country and in the western 1964, which turned what was then just a I want to reflect for a minute on how part of this country. pilot program into the permanent pro- the day started, because I guess it was In fact, the facts and the numbers gram we know today. almost 12 hours ago our Democratic bear out that we should be increasing He knew that the moral test of gov- leader, Senator SCHUMER, stood right those benefits. The House has taken ac- ernment is how government treats its there; I stood where I am; and he out- tion to do just that by passing a 15-per- most vulnerable citizens: those in need, lined the Schumer-Wyden proposal for cent increase in SNAP benefits during those who are seniors, those with dis- the next steps on dealing with this the pandemic. That is what they did in abilities. crushing unemployment we have in our the Heroes Act. That is what we should He once said this: ‘‘We will be re- country—30 million people. do here. membered not for the power of our The number is almost so large that At the same time, the middle of a weapons but for the power of our com- the experts can’t get their arms around pandemic is the wrong time to be cut- passion, our dedication to human wel- exactly how many people are unem- ting SNAP benefits or kicking partici- fare.’’ ployed, but what we know is that every

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00042 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.071 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4125 week it goes up far more than that by the inimitable Susannah Morgan, is since you were here yesterday to shoot kind of similar period during the great doing a fabulous job. But the fact is— baskets with a Senator? recession. and I was really struck by this—the Or- They would look at you and say: We talked about what is going to egon Food Bank has told my office that Well, I had a Milky Way. happen July 31. July 31, if the Senate demand for emergency food has dou- That is what we are dealing with in does not act, we are going to have a bled in Oregon over the past 2 months America right now. What Senator STA- tsunami of evictions. We are going to at Oregon Food Bank’s five branches. BENOW is doing with these programs is have families, just as Senator STABE- Recently, I was home. Whenever Sen- so incredibly important. When we have NOW said, basically sitting in their liv- ator MERKLEY and I are home, we try our priorities straight, kids who are el- ing rooms, sitting in their kitchens, to get out and talk to a variety of com- igible for free or reduced-cost meals and trying to figure out how they are munity groups. I was helping distribute would be able to get that food. I know going to make ends meet that month. food baskets. I was struck because we that my colleague from Michigan has Without supercharged unemploy- were all being socially distant. They worked hard to make sure that those ment, without the SNAP benefits that were handing me the bags, and I was meals include more fresh fruits and Senator STABENOW is talking about, putting them in the back of the cart. I vegetables. I heard her talk about it. without the help Senator BROWN is got a chance to have a little bit of a She is trying to reach out to so many talking about with respect to housing conversation with those people. The communities where often—and Senator and evictions, there are a lot of people cars were backed up for blocks and KLOBUCHAR talked about it—it is kind who are just going to fall between the blocks on the east side of our commu- of a food desert. If you don’t have the cracks. nity, where Senator MERKLEY and I program Senator KLOBUCHAR is work- I thought, it being 12 hours since we both live. ing for, you are just going to have a lot began this, that I might just connect There were people who had not faced of people like those kids I met going the dots for a few minutes. this kind of challenge before. You hungry. In the face of this historic public looked at them, and they looked at I am going to close with one last health emergency, we know that mil- you, and you could see in their faces thought that is important to us in our lions of Americans have their health on that they never expected this, particu- part of the country. The reality is that, the line, and because Donald Trump larly the seniors. for many years, none of this was at all has failed to get the COVID–19 virus My colleague has heard all the Gray partisan. We have all heard about Bob under control, we have now got jobs on Panthers stories. Senator MERKLEY Dole and George McGovern and the his- the line. Now many people are being heard them 50 times; you only heard tory books, and they made their com- forced to choose between feeding their them 25 times. But a lot of those sen- mon cause with respect to agriculture, child or paying the rent to keep a roof iors going through in their cars, it was and they would round up urban legisla- over their head. clear, also, that was the big outing for tors. We read about that, various his- So you have housing, you have the day. They didn’t get really dressed torical figures from the East, they healthcare, you have unemployment, up, but kind of, and the car was per- weren’t partisan. In our part of the world, when we and we are trying very hard to be cre- fectly clean. They came through, and talk about the practical, commonsense ative. I know, for my colleague from they wanted to visit. But you knew ideas that Senator STABENOW is offer- Michigan, hardly a day goes by when that, without that food, they wouldn’t ing for feeding hungry people, we just she doesn’t talk to me about the ben- have a chance to make it through the call them the Oregon Way. People al- efit of Work Share, a creative way to day. ways ask: Well, where is this Oregon make unemployment dollars stretch. What this comes down to is what Way, Ron? Where is this thing? Is it on Senator STABENOW is basically doing, is By the way, Senator MERKLEY talks the top of the capitol dome or Pioneer being in the Tikkun Olam business. about it almost as much as my friend Square in Portland? I say: No, it is That is a phrase Jews often use; it is from Michigan because he feels very what we have tried to do for years. about perfecting the world. It is about strongly about it. I want to thank Senator STABENOW So as we connect the dots, as we have the moral obligation we have in Amer- for bringing heart and a pragmatic ap- over the last 12 hours, and we talk ica to do everything within our power proach to this. We saw how you just to make sure that kids and families do about housing and healthcare and un- reached out to Senator ROBERTS. By employment, I also want people to un- not go hungry. Susannah Morgan was the way, I am on the Intelligence Com- derstand that those challenges were se- real clear about the things she wanted mittee. I am not going to give out any- rious last week and the week before. Senator MERKLEY and I to talk about thing classified, but Senator ROBERTS We ought to put in context what we on the floor of the Senate and make walked by, and he said: We are going to heard yesterday from Tony Fauci, who sure they got out. She wants to make get this worked out. We are going to said that the trajectory as of right now sure that people can get assistance figure this out. is one where our country may possibly through a regular EBT card. I am going to end on a little bit of an see 100,000 new cases a day. The Trump administration, of course, upbeat note because that happened So let’s picture what that means for has pushed to impose strenuous work maybe only half an hour ago, and hav- the SNAP program and how hard Sen- requirements, which don’t make any ing watched my seatmate in action ator STABENOW’s work is going to be, sense—particularly in a public health with Chairman ROBERTS often pull to- because we have heard Chairman ROB- crisis—in workplaces and can be dan- gether agreements where nobody ERTS—and you all have worked very gerous. We want to expand ways to get thought an agreement was possible—no well—and the like, and hopefully we food to SNAP participants, like home pressure, don’t feel like we are singling can get that worked out because I delivery, curbside pickup. We want to you out, but just know that a lot of us don’t even want to begin to imagine extend what has come to be known as are going to be your allies in this fight how much hunger and unemployment the pandemic EBT through the summer because it is a fight for fairness, it is a and housing challenges we are going to and any future school closures. fight for kids, it is a fight for families face with 100,000 new cases a day. This is so important because, even that are hurting, and it is a fight for an So the work that Senator STABENOW before the pandemic, I often would go America where everybody gets a is doing is urgent business. It really to various kinds of programs run by chance to get ahead. also brings us back to this: How can it community groups, and they would be Thank you for doing that. be, in a country as strong and as good serving a lunch. I would shoot baskets Ms. STABENOW. I am going to yield as ours, that we have all these kids with kids for a bit. I would see the kids to Senator MERKLEY in a second. First, going to bed hungry at night? drift away, and they would take at I want to say to the senior Senator In our home State—the State Sen- least two lunches—at least two. I from Oregon, when you talk about the ator MERKLEY and I have the privilege would go and visit. It was clear that Oregon Way, this needs to be the Amer- to represent—one out of every four Or- they were just ravenous; they were in- ican way. This is the American way. egonians worries about putting food on credibly hungry. This was pre-COVID. I Right now, the average food benefit the table. Our Oregon Food Bank, run would ask: What did you have to eat under SNAP is $4.17 a day for a person.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00043 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.073 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4126 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 Think about going to the grocery Does hunger take a vacation? Do those spirits.’’ Let this Chamber have the au- store—$4.17 a day. We are asking for a who are hungry in Oregon and hungry dacity not just to believe that people 15-percent increase during this pan- in Pennsylvania, is it going to take a can have three meals a day but to demic. We ought to all be looking at vacation for 2 weeks? make it happen. these numbers and going: Come on, the Ms. STABENOW. I don’t think hun- I am fully in support of your efforts, America way ought to be to make sure ger ever takes a vacation, if it is in the a full partner on behalf of all those who somebody can put food on the table for middle of the night, early in the morn- suffer hunger in the United States, on the children and that they are not eat- ing, all the way through the week. I behalf of every child who wants a basic ing a Milky Way until they can get to mean, the reality is, when we are here, foundation to thrive here in the United school. there are people around this country States of America. We are failing in I am going to now turn to Senator who are hungry. When Senator MCCON- our job. Hunger doesn’t take a vacation MERKLEY. I want to give a shout-out to NELL adjourns the Senate for the week and neither should the Senate. Let’s Senator MERKLEY, who is the ranking and we are not here for the next 2 get the act passed now. Democrat on the Agriculture Sub- weeks, people are going to continue to The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. committee of Appropriations, ex- be hungry and probably getting more GARDNER). The Senator from Michigan. tremely important. He is such a won- and more hungry as the economic situ- Ms. STABENOW. Mr. President, I derful partner and advocate on all of ation gets worse. want to thank my friend from Oregon the food access issues and healthy food Mr. MERKLEY. We might think of for his comments and his ongoing lead- issues and so on. We are so lucky to hunger as kind of a temporary discom- ership on the Appropriations Com- have Senator MERKLEY in the position fort, something you get through, but mittee. It is incredibly important. that he is in. I will turn to Senator my understanding is, when children are Now, I am going to turn to the Sen- MERKLEY. hungry, when they don’t have the basic ator from Pennsylvania, Mr. CASEY, I yield time to Senator MERKLEY. nutrients on a regular basis, it dam- and thank him on so many different The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ages the development of the mind. issues, which range from children and ator from Oregon. Is that something you heard? what they need, in terms of healthcare Mr. MERKLEY. Mr. President, I ask Ms. STABENOW. Absolutely. and being able to have the support they unanimous consent to engage in col- Mr. MERKLEY. We are talking about need to be able to grow and be success- loquy with my colleague from Michi- millions of American children who are ful, all the way up to our older citizens gan. suffering not just discomfort but dam- and those in nursing homes, where he The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without age to their minds because they don’t is providing such advocacy now as we objection, it is so ordered. have enough to eat. The majority lead- look at what needs to be done to sup- Mr. MERKLEY. Senator STABENOW, er is sending us on vacation rather port our seniors and those in nursing it is a pleasure to be here with you in than addressing it. homes. this fight for something as funda- Thank you to my colleague for com- Thank you for always putting people mental as hunger. As I was listening to ing to the floor, organizing, carrying first and for joining us tonight. the conversation, your words and our this forward, the work you do, and au- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- colleague’s from Ohio, SHERROD BROWN, thorizing the work the Appropriations ator from Pennsylvania. who was speaking, and our colleague Committee does and the funding. Mr. CASEY. Mr. President, I want to from Minnesota and partner from Or- We have got to address this. We have thank the senior Senator from Michi- egon, I thought: How many Senators to recognize how bad the situation is, gan for her leadership. I will say more have experienced hunger this last how bad things are nationally. More about her work in a moment. week, the inability to have a meal? than 40 million people have lost their We would not be here tonight talking What is your sense of that? jobs; 120,000 people have died. The rate about this program that we know by Ms. STABENOW. My guess would be of infections are exploding across the the acronym, but the words are all im- that everyone is like me, and, no, I country—and how bad things are in my portant, Supplemental Nutrition As- have not experienced a sense of it. home State—243,000 people are out of sistance Program—SNAP—what we Mr. MERKLEY. No one in this Cham- work. We have an unemployment rate used to call food stamps. We wouldn’t ber is missing a meal. of over 14 percent, higher than it was be here without her leadership and Ms. STABENOW. We are all ex- any point in the great recession. Food those who made food insecurity and tremely fortunate; we don’t have to ex- insecurity and hunger have doubled anti-hunger initiatives a priority. perience that. since March. Food is at the top of the This is a program that I believe is Mr. MERKLEY. I am pretty sure, hierarchy of needs for human life. core to our responsibility to support down the hall in the House of Rep- All we have done is come to the floor American families during this national resentatives, nobody is missing a meal; and say: Let’s help in a pretty modest crisis—the public health crisis and the yet so many people in each of our way with a 15-percent increase—the $4 jobs crisis. This program, the Supple- States are missing meals. In my State and change that the Senator talked mental Nutrition Assistance Program, of Oregon, hunger has doubled since about—60 cents? We probably should be is a lifeline for millions of Americans March. I imagine hunger has increased doubling it. to access the food they need to survive. in your home State of Michigan. But that 15-percent increase in the I think that is an understatement. As Ms. STABENOW. Absolutely—at maximum benefits does make a dif- the junior Senator from Oregon, Mr. least doubled, absolutely. ference. It makes a difference. Hunger MERKLEY, just said, this is about life Mr. MERKLEY. It is being driven by doesn’t take a vacation and neither itself. This is about being able to live massive unemployment. The estimate should we. and being able to survive. No human in April was for families who earn less As Senator STABENOW proposed, we being can survive without food, and so than $40,000 a year, 40 percent had lost should debate a bill now—pass now a many go without food on a regular their job. I think that was April. Now, bill. We should effect these changes at basis. So many others are food inse- maybe it is well over 50 percent. Half of this moment and not leave this Cham- cure, but that doesn’t mean they have working America of modest incomes ber until we have gotten the work of not felt the pain we are talking about. lost their jobs, and it wasn’t that easy the American people done for the most I wanted to say just a couple of words to sign up for unemployment benefits. important need any human being has, about Senator STABENOW because this We still have a couple hundred thou- and that is basic nutrition. has been not just an issue for her, not sand people in Oregon who are waiting When Martin Luther King was ac- just a program, the SNAP program, for unemployment benefits. I can guar- cepting his Nobel Peace Prize, he said and not just a cause of food insecurity, antee you they are very hungry. I know that he had ‘‘the audacity to believe but it has really been a passion for her. there are those in Michigan as well. that people everywhere could have Some people are mission-driven in The majority leader has decided to three meals a day for their bodies, edu- their work. She has been one of those send the Senate on vacation for 2 cation and culture for their minds, and Senators who has been mission-driven weeks. I guess my question to you is: dignity, equality and freedom for their to make sure we are doing everything

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00044 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.075 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4127 we can with every opportunity, every that we see now are further exacer- Let’s not even get to transformative. budget, every season of the Senate; bating what were already the undeni- Let’s get to substantial help for Ameri- that we do everything we can to help able realities of hunger, poverty, and cans who are hungry right now, folks the most vulnerable. food insecurity in this country. who are low income and are hungry; Someday, many years from now when I know, for example, in my home folks who had a job and lost their job many of us may not be around, there State of Pennsylvania—I haven’t seen are hungry. They may benefit from a may be folks who are chronicling or the May numbers yet, but April num- food pantry or a food bank. We are not summarizing the history of the Senate bers were high: 15 percent unemploy- doing enough for them either. We are on particular issues. I am sure, just as ment, 975,000 people out of work, head- certainly not doing enough for the Sup- we make reference to work that has ing toward a million people out of work plemental Nutrition Assistance Pro- preceded us or Senators who have pre- in one State. I am certain that number gram, the most vulnerable among us. ceded us—I have no doubt when a Sen- will be lower in May, and thank God Thirdly, in addition, increase the ator stands up on this floor years from for that, and I hope lower in June benefits overall by 15—the minimum now, maybe even decades from now, again. benefit level. We should put a stop to and they talk about the Supplemental When you are saying in one State the rules the administration has been Nutrition Assistance Program, if they there are hundreds of thousands more cramming down the throats of Ameri- start to itemize or catalog or list the on top of the unemployed numbers cans so that less people will get the from March, you can understand the Senators who had the most profound benefit of the SNAP program. The ad- terrible impact. When we talk about impact on this program, Senator STA- ministration is dead wrong about that. unemployment, that often leads to food BENOW will be one of very few who will They haven’t just doubled down on insecurity, and that may lead to the be listed in such a chronicle of the ad- pushing these draconian changes to the kind of desperation that hunger can vocacy done for the SNAP program. program, but they recently appealed a bring. You are talking about real pain William Jennings Bryan said a long court ruling that put a temporary in the lives of people—physical pain in time ago, in a different context, but he pause on one of the rules. I don’t know an adult but especially in a child who said it well about a cause, about how the words for that—heartless, callous— may not be able to articulate the pain one person can make such a difference but it is not good for any of us. It is a they are feeling. They may not be able on one issue or one cause. We have seen stain on the moral fabric of America to function, literally. They may not be some of that lately with Americans de- when any administration does that. able to function in any way. They cer- manding action on a range of issues— I know Senator STABENOW and her marching and protesting for criminal tainly can’t learn in school. No human colleagues on the Agriculture, Nutri- justice reform or changes to policing or being can learn and grow if they are tion, and Forestry Committee—we advocates for healthcare or whatever hungry all the time—no one, not the should use the middle word more often issue, whatever cause. William Jen- strongest person we know. than we do. It is not simply the Ag I come from a heritage of people who nings Bryan said it well. I think he Committee. It is the Agriculture, Nu- left Ireland because of hunger. They said it in 1896: ‘‘The humblest citizen in trition, and Forestry Committee. The called it the Great Hunger at the time. all the land, when clad . . . in a right- nutrition part of it has been the sub- When policies were put in place or ac- eous cause, is stronger than all the tions were not taken and hundreds of ject of some good working relation- hosts of error.’’ thousands of people starved, millions ships on the committee. ‘‘When clad . . . in a righteous cause, I want to thank Senator STABENOW left Ireland, just like people leave their is stronger than all the hosts of error.’’ for her work again. I appreciate the I think what he meant by that is that homelands today to escape hunger, to escape poverty, and even famine work she has done with Senator ROB- one citizen can have a huge impact. itself—the most extreme version of ERTS. We have to do more than we have What we have even with Senator STA- hunger around the world. done on this program. BENOW’s work is one Senator who can We are talking about real physical I was proud a couple of years ago to have an impact. This has been for her, pain. We are not just talking about a finally—after attempt after attempt, I know, her righteous cause, and the casual missing of a meal or being a lit- year after year—finally, to get the country is better for her service and tle bit hungry, as so many of us have Global Food Security Act passed. Peo- better for her work on this issue. never experienced. It is pain, but it is ple have been waiting for that from the What are we talking about here? also fear. Imagine the fear of a parent. time Dick Lugar served in the Senate When we say food insecurity, that may I can’t even begin to imagine as a par- all the way through the time I teamed not sound too threatening to a lot of ent knowing that, for a lot of different up with former Senator JOHNNY ISAK- people. That means you are hungry. reasons—job loss or other adverse cir- SON. The person we are talking about might cumstances in your life—you cannot We got the Global Food Security Act be an adult, but all too many times it afford to feed your children. That one done, which meant that the Feed the is a child. When a child is hungry, it is person might have both the pain of Future Program—that great program hard as an adult to really fully under- hunger and the total fear of not being the Bush administration started and stand what that means. I never lived a able to feed your children. If we are not the Obama administration brought to day of my life when I was hungry the doing something about that in the Sen- fruition—was codified in law. That was whole day or the second day or the ate, we are just not doing our job. a good day for world food security. third day, so I really can’t explain it. I We say: Oh, the CARES Act did this That was a good day for the world never experienced it. I think that is and the CARES Act did that. Well, do when America showed that we know probably true of most Members of Con- you know what? We have been trying how to do this, that we know how to gress. Maybe growing up for some, they for months now, on the Democratic help countries grow their own food and were, but many, of course, now don’t side of the aisle in the Senate, to get a provide food security. Yet we haven’t feel that sense of food insecurity. couple of things done. done enough here. We never can say we It is a devastating reality for tens of What are they? No. 1, increase in have done enough here if we are not millions of Americans. That was the SNAP benefits by 15 percent. Why can’t funding at an adequate level in the case before the jobs crisis, before the that be done in the Senate when we middle of a pandemic, in the middle of COVID–19 public health crisis. It is know the pain and the reality of hun- a public health emergency, and in a ever more so now in the aftermath of ger? Increase the minimum benefit jobs and economic emergency. We can’t the onset of the virus and while we are level. Why can’t we do that in the Sen- say we are doing enough if we are not still in the grip of this COVID–19 dis- ate? We passed, what, five bills for $3 going to invest in SNAP. ease—what we know and are describing trillion, and we can’t add more money I have a lot more to say, but I know worldwide as a pandemic. to the SNAP program? I know, we did I am over my time. Let me make one The pandemic has only made this cri- it in an earlier bill. Let’s stop patting final point. sis worse. Even more urgent is the cri- ourselves on the back for that. The moral case is unassailable here. sis of food insecurity and economic in- Let’s do something transformative or There is no disputing the benefit of security. The unemployment numbers at least do something substantial. this program, especially now. So I

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00045 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.077 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4128 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 think the moral question is settled. I luctant to do that vote for this and Act. I would love to be able to do more just hope folks will consider it. support this, then you can do all the than that, but at a minimum, we How about the economic case? pats on the back that you want, but should be doing that. That is what the Say that you are a Member of Con- let’s do the right thing for America, es- House did. That is what has been done gress and that you don’t like this pro- pecially for those suffering from the in other economic downturns, and that gram. There are not many people who pain of hunger. is what we should be doing to help fam- would admit to that, but you don’t like I yield the floor to the senior Senator ilies in America who, frankly, just it, and you don’t want to add more from Michigan. want to know somebody has their funding to it. That is your position. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- backs right now when everything is That is a morally objectionable posi- ator from Michigan. coming at them and when they are try- tion, but let’s say that is your position. Ms. STABENOW. Mr. President, first, ing to figure out how they are going to You could also be for an increase to the I thank my friend from Pennsylvania keep their heads above water and care SNAP program because it is a good for his passion and for his being such a for their children and make sure that bang for the buck, OK? wonderful partner on these issues. I the older adults in their lives have the So if all you are interested in is very much appreciate his speaking help and support they need as well. going back home and saying ‘‘Do you about the fact that there is an eco- We are going to keep working on this know what I did today? I voted for a nomic benefit. until we get it. There is just no excuse program that will more than pay for If nothing else, if someone wants to not to be able to meet the need that so itself, and it will help everybody’’—if look at how we can help our farmers, many millions of families are feeling that is what your game is and if that is how we can help our grocery stores, right now. what makes you happy, your going how we can help those in the food This is a moral moment for the Sen- back to your community, to your chain—all of whom we want to help as ate. It could have been a moral State, then fine. This program, the well—you do that in the most efficient Wednesday. If there had not been an SNAP program, is a great bang for the way possible, which is by giving people objection, we could have gotten it done buck. the funds to go buy food directly in the tonight. Wouldn’t that have been a If you spend a buck on SNAP benefits grocery stores so that they are able, great way to go into the Fourth of July in an economic downturn—and I will when they have a need like this, to weekend—being able to provide some make sure I cite the source here. It is support their families. small, additional food assistance for the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s The great thing about SNAP is that millions of Americans who are in need Economic Research Service. Guess it is set up so that when the economy right now? This is not going to happen what. You will get $1.50 in return, gets better, the food assistance goes now because of the objection, but we maybe even as high as $1.80. Let’s go down. When the economy gets worse, are going to keep going until we can with the current number of $1.50. That the food assistance goes up. The chal- get families the help they need. is a pretty good ROI, return on invest- lenge for us right now is that there is I yield the floor. ment. such a crisis and there are so many The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- If that is all you care about, is a re- more people needing help—people who ator from Pennsylvania. turn on investment, and you don’t care never in their lives thought they would Mr. CASEY. Mr. President, I ask about the program—you are not really need help—that we are in a situation in unanimous consent to speak as in troubled by food insecurity, and you which we are called upon to meet that morning business. are not really persuaded by the pain of need and to be able to increase what we The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without hunger—then support it because it is a are doing. objection, it is so ordered. good bang for the buck. That would There was a small effort at the begin- RUSSIA make sense. That is the American way ning to provide some additional help, Mr. CASEY. Mr. President, before we to consider what we should be doing but it nowhere near met the need we close tonight, I want to talk about a here. Consider the moral case, which have now—nowhere near. When I think story that is troubling a lot of Ameri- should be enough, but you can also about negotiating the CARES Act and cans—one that we have just learned consider the efficacy of the program— the fact that, again, the average ben- about in the last couple of days—and the effect, the value—in an economic efit for food assistance in this country that is the recent events regarding the sense. per person is $4.17 a day, the White U.S. presence in Afghanistan and some We are all better off when SNAP is House said no to any increase to the of the reporting. funded at an adequate level—all of us— $4.17 a day. Leader MCCONNELL said no Like many of my colleagues—and I because of that bang for the buck and to any increase in the CARES Act—to am sure this is a feeling shared by tens because when people get SNAP dollars, the $4.17 a day for people. and tens of millions of Americans—I they spend them. Guess what. That is There is something wrong with that, am alarmed, as I know they are, by re- good for all of us. It is good for our so we are here on the floor to say we ports of the intelligence community’s local economies, and it is good for our have to do better. The Senate has to do discovery that the Russian Govern- State economies. It is good for pro- better. The House did better when it ment offered to pay Taliban and ducers, for the people transporting the passed the Heroes Act. It gave some ad- Haqqani Network militants to target food, and for the people marketing the ditional support and help. The Senate American troops in Afghanistan. food. That is why farmers and people in needs to do the same. The Senate could The New York Times broke the story the ag sector of our economy are some- have done the same tonight rather on June 26. Since then, several ques- times the biggest proponents of the than to now wait 2 weeks, as we will tions have emerged regarding how the SNAP program. not be in session. We haven’t really intelligence has been handled, how long This is the right thing to do to try to started negotiating what comes next, decisionmakers within the U.S. Gov- ease some of that pain—that awful and it will take weeks after that. ernment have known about this, and pain—that children feel in the middle Every single day, there are people thirdly, what measures the administra- of the night, in the morning when they going hungry. The pain that Senator tion is taking to hold Russia account- wake up, at lunchtime when other kids CASEY talked about is something being able. are eating something and they may not experienced by people tonight and Obviously, there are a number of sto- be eating, especially now that they are being experienced by people in the ries by other news outlets in addition away from school, at night, and when morning and every single day going to that by the New York Times. I will they go to bed at night. forward. That is the reality for too just refer to one excerpt from the New So let’s come together and get some- many families in America—in the York Times’ June 26 report. thing done. There is some good news in United States of America—and it It reads: ‘‘An operation to incentivize that we might be considering another doesn’t have to be that way. the killing of American and other bill, but let’s meet our obligation on We can at least give some help. I NATO troops would be a significant the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance wish we could do more. We couldn’t get and provocative escalation of what Program. If others who have been re- a 15-percent increase in the CARES American and Afghan officials have

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00046 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.085 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4129 said is Russian support for the immediately and in close proximity to President’s power to appoint ambas- Taliban.’’ the reporting. The briefings should in- sadors is subject to the advice and con- The story later goes on to read: ‘‘Any clude when they received the intel- sent of the Senate. Accordingly, it is involvement with the Taliban that re- ligence—when the administration re- my view that the appointment of the sulted in the deaths of American troops ceived it—when the President was Special Envoy with the rank and sta- would also be a huge escalation of Rus- briefed, and what actions were consid- tus of ambassador, pursuant to this sia’s so-called hybrid war against the ered in response. I also call on the ad- amendment, requires the advice and United States, a strategy of desta- ministration to report to Congress on a consent of the Senate. bilizing adversaries through a combina- process for protecting our troops in f tion of such tactics as cyberattacks moving forward. FOURTH OF JULY . . . and covert and deniable military You could be justifiably offended by operations.’’ inaction by the administration or for Mrs. FISCHER. Mr. President, I rise We have learned in recent days that the knowledge that preceded that inac- today to speak about our Nation’s these reports have been circulating tion, that they did nothing in response independence. through the U.S. intelligence commu- to it. Some 244 years ago this Saturday, nity since early 2019, but there was lit- It is especially offensive now to a lot the Founding Fathers of this country tle to no action taken. The timeline re- of Americans that this information voted to declare our independence from garding these events is of particular now is in the public record and there Great Britain. All Americans know the basics of concern to me and, I know, to many seems to be no evidence of any kind of this story, but not everyone knows the Americans but especially to those who a response, any kind of an action. story behind one of our Nation’s found- represent a State in which there is a So I think the administration should ing documents. direct connection. report to Congress not just on who Thomas Jefferson was just 33 years In April of 2019, three U.S. marines knew what when, but also on what we old when the Second Continental Con- were killed in a car bomb near Bagram do going forward. gress commissioned him to draft a dec- Airfield in Afghanistan. There was The families of these fallen soldiers laration of independence. When he sat speculation that this may have been a deserve answers. The American people, down in a rented room in the heat of bounty attack that had been carried obviously, deserve answers as well. the Philadelphia summer to write it, out by the Taliban for the Russians. We cannot let Russia and Vladimir the American Revolution had already There has been further reporting on Putin get away with this. begun. this—tracking the dollars—by the New I yield the floor. On one level, he was simply putting York Times and maybe by a few other I suggest the absence of a quorum. the reasons for independence into outlets, but I know the New York The PRESIDING OFFICER. The words. The first shot had been fired Times did. clerk will call the roll. over a year earlier, after decades of in- One of the marines killed in that The senior assistant legislative clerk creasingly tyrannical British abuses April 2019 attack was a Pennsylvanian. proceeded to call the roll. had culminated in open revolt in Mas- If there had been credible intelligence Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, I ask sachusetts. regarding the Russian plot and if that unanimous consent that the order for Even so, it was not yet clear whether intelligence had been acted upon, one the quorum call be rescinded. the delegates from all 13 colonies question I have is—and it is only a The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. would put their names to a formal doc- question; I don’t know the answer to SCOTT of South Carolina). Without ob- ument declaring our independence. this question, but I ask it—could the jection, it is so ordered. They had to be persuaded. death of this young Pennsylvania ma- Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, I want After 17 days of writing and rewrit- rine and his brothers in arms have been to thank all my colleagues and my ing, struggling to find the right words, averted? partners, my partner Senator REED, for Jefferson presented his work to Ben- That is a question. I don’t know the working so hard today to come to an jamin Franklin and John Adams. He answer to it. I hope, in the coming days agreement. It has been a tough day. We then submitted a draft to the Congress and weeks—and I hope not longer than think we have created a package that on July 1, which officially adopted it weeks—we will have an answer to that is acceptable to everyone and we will three days later. question, among many, as it troubles be hotlining it tonight. Each year on the Fourth of July, we so many Americans. The Senate will come back into ses- celebrate this moment—the moment As of the close of last year, December sion at 10 a.m. tomorrow morning, and that we declared our independence of 2019, 294 servicemembers from Penn- hopefully, we will be able to lock in our from the British Empire and began to sylvania had been killed in the wars in deal here. see ourselves as our own nation. Iraq and Afghanistan—the third high- f I love Independence Day celebrations est toll of any State. Our State has in Nebraska. Like many people, my sacrificed a lot. If Russia had had any MORNING BUSINESS family often spends the day enjoying hand in contributing to these losses, to Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, I ask the great outdoors before hosting say that it is offensive, enraging, and unanimous consent that the Senate be friends and neighbors for a barbecue. deeply problematic is an understate- in a period of morning business, with But the Fourth of July is about more ment and warrants a close look not Senators permitted to speak therein than food and fireworks or parades and only at the U.S. engagement in Af- for up to 10 minutes each. pancake feeds. It is an opportunity to ghanistan but also at how we respond— The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without reflect on the nearly two and a half how the United States of America re- objection, it is so ordered. centuries of our nation’s history and sponds—to Vladimir Putin’s efforts to f remember what it means to be an disrupt U.S. efforts overseas and take American. American lives while doing it. NATIONAL DEFENSE To me, America is a nation based on Accordingly, I have several questions AUTHORIZATION ACT an idea. It is the idea, as Jefferson about how the intelligence has been Mr. MENENDEZ. Mr. President, I wrote, that ‘‘all men are created equal, handled and what measures have been rise to clarify a point concerning my that they are endowed by their Creator taken to hold Russia accountable for amendment No. 2270 to the National with certain unalienable Rights, that these horrific, incendiary, unlawful ac- Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal among these are Life, Liberty and the tions contrary to international law. Year 2021, S. 4049. This amendment pursuit of Happiness.’’ The administration must brief all would establish in law the position of Belief in this creed is what unites us Members of Congress immediately. I the Special Envoy for Hostage Affairs as Americans. And while we may not think Americans are offended when the at the State Department and provides always live up to this idea, we can administration briefs one side of the that the Special Envoy shall have the never stop trying. We should count aisle. All Members of Congress should rank and status of ambassador. Under ourselves fortunate to live in the great- be briefed. Those briefings should occur article II of the Constitution, the est nation on earth, where the notion

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00047 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.087 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4130 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 of equal justice for all first came into our State. During the Covid–19 pan- AMWAT’s high-quality work has the world. demic that sadly took her life, she took earned awards from business groups, I was touched to see that on June 22, on the fight against hate crimes including the Greater Tallahassee 36 people became American citizens in against Asian Americans and hateful Chamber of Commerce, the Tally the first naturalization ceremony held rhetoric about the virus. She stood up Awards, Angie’s List, and Wheaton in Lincoln since February. This diverse against these acts of hate that threat- World Wide Moving. Dean and Gloria group of people renounced their loyalty ened the lives and dignity of so many are also active in the American Moving to their former countries and took an in Minnesota. and Storage Association and the Pro- oath of allegiance to the United States. Marny led St. Paul’s school board fessional Movers Association of Flor- Family and friends in attendance and Asian American elected officials in ida. brought homemade banners, red, white, condemning xenophobia and denounc- From the beginning, Dean and Gloria and blue balloons, and other patriotic ing racism, saying: ‘‘While they brew have understood that providing dig- displays. hate, we’re building a powerful move- nified work is crucial to personal and These 36 people, despite being citi- ment for change.’’ Marny understood community development. Through zens for only a few weeks, are just as that there are more students to help, training, mentorship, and teamwork, American as you or me. And these new more teachers to respect, more com- they encourage their employees to feel citizens chose to be Americans. They munities to support, and more justice a sense of ownership in the company weren’t born here, but they saw Amer- to deliver. Marny wasn’t afraid or in- and take pride in their work. At ica for what it is: a shining city upon a timidated to take on these challenges. AMWAT, the employees are the most hill, where our institutions, though She was resolute and determined to en- valued asset. they sometimes falter, strive to honor lighten those who engage in the poli- Locally, AMWAT is committed to ad- Jefferson’s promise of God-given rights tics of fear and division. That is dressing poverty, upward mobility, and equal treatment before the law for Marny’s legacy and what we have in- education, and the arts. Their signa- all citizens. herited from her. ture charity event is the annual Sum- Marny Xiong is a role model and an We are not perfect, but neither can mer Fill-a-Truck Food and Fund Drive, inspiration and will be sorely missed, we forget our founding purpose. The which benefits the Second Harvest of but as we mourn her loss today, tomor- United States was the first nation in the Big Bend. They have also partnered row we can honor Marny’s legacy by history to set this lofty standard for with ECHO, Junior League of Tallahas- building on the movement to which she ourselves, and we remain its best ex- see, and LeMoyne Arts. committed her life, a movement to see ample. Like many other small businesses, a better, more just, vision of our com- This Independence Day, as our coun- AMWAT experienced a sharp decline in munities and our country, Marny’s try wrestles with both a pandemic and revenue due to the coronavirus pan- movement. national unrest in the wake of the kill- Thank you.∑ demic. When the U.S. Small Business ing of George Floyd, I urge you to re- Administration launched the Paycheck member that we remain, as President f Protection Program, PPP, Gloria and Abraham Lincoln said during the Civil RECOGNIZING AMWAT MOVING Dean quickly applied. The PPP pro- War, ‘‘the last best hope of earth.’’ WAREHOUSING STORAGE vides forgivable loans to impacted Thank you, Mr. President. I yield the ∑ Mr. RUBIO. Mr. President, as small businesses and nonprofits who floor and note the absence of a quorum. chairman of the Senate Committee on maintain their payroll during the f Small Business and Entrepreneurship, COVID–19 pandemic. When their fund- ing was approved, Gloria and Dean used ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS each week I recognize a small business that exemplifies the American entre- it to keep their 26 employees paid and preneurial spirit at the heart of our adapt their business procedures to REMEMBERING MARNY XIONG country. Today, it is my distinct honor meet public safety standards. For Glo- to recognize a family-owned business ria and Dean, the PPP was a ‘‘blessing’’ ∑Ms. KLOBUCHAR. Mr. President, that not only provides excellent mov- and a ‘‘godsend,’’ providing the secu- today I rise to honor the life of Marny ing, warehousing, and storage services rity needed to continue serving their Xiong, who served as chair of the St. but also prioritizes dignified work for customers, employees, and community. Paul school board and was a beloved its employees. This week, it is my AMWAT Moving Warehousing Stor- member of the community taken from pleasure to honor AMWAT Moving age is an outstanding example of the us too soon on June 7, 2020. As one per- Warehousing Storage of Tallahassee, important role small businesses play in son put it, Marny wasn’t just well- FL, as the Senate Small Business of creating dignified work in their com- liked, she was well-loved. the Week. munities. I commend AMWAT for pro- Those who knew Marny best de- AMWAT was founded in 1997 by col- viding excellent moving, storage, and scribed her as someone with a joyful lege sweethearts Dean and Gloria Pugh logistical services and uplifting their spirit who was great at making other in Tallahassee, FL. After helping sev- employees. Congratulations to Dean, people laugh. Mayor Melvin Carter of eral friends move residences, the cou- Gloria, and the entire team at St. Paul may have said it best when he ple realized they had the potential to AMWAT. I look forward to watching noted that she ‘‘embodied our city’s start their own business. Initially your continued growth and success.∑ spirit, gave her heart to our students, named ‘‘A Man With A Truck,’’ the f and worked tirelessly to uplift the business started as a one-man oper- voices of the unheard.’’ ation consisting of a pick-up truck and VERMONT STATE OF THE UNION The daughter of Hmong refugees trailer operating out of Dean’s spare ESSAY CONTEST FINALISTS whose parents fled Laos to a refugee bedroom. Soon after, A Man With a ∑ Mr. SANDERS. Mr. President, I ask camp in Thailand before arriving in Truck moved into a small warehouse, to have printed in the RECORD some of Minnesota, Marny and her eight sib- hired six employees and acquired three the finalist essays written by Vermont lings grew up in St. Paul and attended moving trucks. High School students as part of the St. Paul public schools, Her father In 2008, Dean and Gloria acquired the 10th annual ‘‘State of the Union’’ essay earned a high school diploma as an largest, oldest moving company in the contest conducted by my office. adult, opening career opportunities for Tallahassee area and rebranded as The material follows: him and showing Marny firsthand the AMWAT Moving Warehousing Storage. SAMUEL DOOLEY, MILTON HIGH SCHOOL, value of education and hard work. AMWAT has grown to include 26 em- SENIOR Marny Xiong represented the best of ployees and a 13-truck fleet. They pro- us, driven by a simple mission to do The country that we live in today is vide long-term storage, handle shipping plagued with fundamental problems. Rang- good and to give back. As the chair of for local businesses, and provide ship- ing from political corruption to an ineffi- the St. Paul School Board, she de- ping services nationwide. Gloria serves cient healthcare system, yet the single most manded equity for her students—and as president and chief executive officer important issue facing our country today is fought for justice for all people across and Dean is the chief operating officer. nationwide environmental neglect. Without

VerDate Sep 11 2014 13:10 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00048 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.084 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4131 extreme actions being taken immediately, Healthy Living and City Market both have fresh fruits and vegetables. All they would more irreversible damage will be done. a goal to provide local farm-fresh produce in- have to do is chip in a little hard work and In 2018, the United States emitted 6.5 bil- cluding prep items for healthy, nourishing, time, then they could have all the free lion metric tons of greenhouse gases into the meals, and a selection of ingredients to cook produce that was grown. atmosphere. This is an estimated 8.8% more vegan or gluten-free meals. Healthy living Eating healthy is expensive because a lot than 1990. Between 1990 and 2010, the United and City Market are great in that they pro- of work goes into growing, and getting, that States lost 949,750 acres of forest on average vide fresh local produce, and for the quality local farm-fresh produce into stores. Farm- per year. The U.S. Department of Energy es- that it is the prices make sense. On the ers spend countless hours growing the crops timates that 1.9 million gallons of oil are Healthy Living website, the price for a con- from which it all comes from, people need to spilled into U.S. oceans every year. tainer of raspberries can range anywhere pick, sort, and wash everything, then, there Current studies show that the effects of from $4.29–$5.69. That may not seem like a is packaging and delivering. The list goes on. climate change are more severe and are mov- lot but at McDonald’s, you can get an entire Another part is due to the fact that it is high ing faster than was formerly predicted. What meal for that much. That is just what many quality, locally grown, and fresh. A lot of needs to happen is large scale environmental people choose to do, resort to cheaper op- money goes into providing it, so a lot of programs with legal incentives such as tax tions such as fast food. money needs to be made in order for them to breaks, as well as punishments for not adher- Unlike fresh produce and wholegrain-rich keep providing the produce to stores for ev- ing to the plans like jail time and loss of foods, fast food is quick, easy, and very eryone. The problem is big, the solutions are government funding or subsidies. The most cheap, making it ideal for people who can’t limited, but something needs to be done in accurate proposal of recent years is the afford to shop at places like city Market or order to provide farm-fresh products to the Green New Deal. This proposal called for a Healthy living. World War 2 type mobilization of the coun- people of Vermont at a more reasonable and According to Gallup, 80% of Americans eat affordable price. try to achieve 100% clean energy by 2030. fast food on at least a monthly basis, and This plan also looked to better the economy 96% of Americans eat fast food annually. CALEB MATOSKY, RICE MEMORIAL HIGH by creating jobs in sustainable industries, Fast food isn’t bad unless a person has it SCHOOL, JUNIOR unlike jobs currently involved in fossil fuel often, say at least once a week. Eating As citizens of one of the wealthiest nations industries, as well as investing in renewable unhealthy foods, too often, can cause people in the world, we have an inherent responsi- public transportation and clean organic agri- to become overweight or even obese. Over bility to set an example for others to follow. culture. The first step to combating climate 99,000,000 adults in the U.S. are overweight America has failed to take action and ad- change would be to immediately adopt this and over 70,000,000 are obese. dress what is perhaps the greatest threat our proposal, yet in March of 2019 the proposal Obesity can cause many health issues that world has faced since the beginning of re- was rejected by a Republican controlled Sen- could have been prevented if that person corded history: climate change. If Americans ate. were of a healthy weight. Some risks include continue to deny its effects, the future of our The very first step that should be taken is high blood pressure, diabetes, gout, breath- the readmittance of the U.S. into the Paris country will be put into jeopardy. Rising sea ing problems, such as sleep apnea and asth- levels, more severe weather events, rampant Climate Agreement. It is the duty of the ma, Gallbladder disease and gallstones, Os- United States to set an example for the rest wildfires, devastating droughts, and dis- teoarthritis, Heart disease, stroke, and even of the world about how to combat climate appearing winters are just a few of the ef- cancer. Maintaining a healthy weight and change. An important idea is to make envi- fects of climate change we are already expe- lifestyle will reduce the risk of many of ronmental agencies as nonpartisan as pos- riencing. Skeptics and deniers might argue these health problems. that America is taking enough action to sible, similar to the NLRB where the mem- It’s not guaranteed that people become bers consist of nearly equal Republicans as fight global warming: this sort of lazy and obese overtime because healthy food is too selfish thinking is what has caused the well as Democrats at all times. This would expensive, eating unhealthily isn’t the only ensure that decisions are made based on American people and our government to factor that causes obesity, but it could very science instead of based on party ties and po- allow climate change to occur uninhibited well be. If healthier foods were cheaper, it litical affiliations. until the very end of the last century. If our The most important goal being to make would be an option for more people and government does not make drastic changes the United States completely carbon neu- would encourage them to eat healthier re- within the next several years, America as we tral. A plan for most, if not all, energy pro- ducing the risk of obesity. Having the avail- know it could be forever changed. We have duced to come from clean sources would be ability of healthy meals is important. the money, we have the ability to implement A healthy diet is beneficial to your every- necessary to achieving that goal. Another changes, and all that remains is for law- day life in so many ways. Some benefits to necessity would be the implementation of makers to place the future of our planet over eating healthy are a maintained/healthy programs designed to restore forests and their allegiance to fossil fuels. weight, reduced risk of chronic illnesses such wildlife. This would mean increased regula- I propose widespread legislation to ensure as cardiovascular disease and cancer, more tion on logging industries as well as oil in- that America is powered by 80% renewable energy, and an increase in happiness. Also, a dustries. With an increased punishment for energy by 2030, which would be a large step recent study has proven that having a diet violating these regulations. These initiatives in the right direction for the future of our consisting of plenty of fruits and vegetables would be able to transition Americans losing planet. We need to penalize those who profit and limits highly processed food, can reduce their jobs in fossil fuel industries into clean off of destroying the environment through certain signs of depression. energy industries, which would be a sustain- This issue is very real and very important fossil fuels, as these energy producers able alternative. Green jobs would have high- but thinking up solutions to this problem produce more emissions per day than many er job security than fossil fuels due to the can be quite the challenge. There are a few people produce in a year. Through new laws fact that there is a finite amount of coal and solutions that seem doable and not too far- which put a price on CO2 emissions, and gov- oil available to be extracted, once the planet fetched or unrealistic. ernment tax relief for those who produce re- no longer has these resources available all of First, expanding the fresh produce area in newable power, we can work to rid the earth these millions of workers will lose their jobs stores like Hannafords to give more options of harmful coal burning. According to the with no replacement. With a program like and kind of push out some of the unhealthy, U.S. Energy Information Administration, the Green New Deal, these workers will have overly processed items in the store. This coal fueled power generation produces 1.15 jobs that do not have an expiration date. It wouldn’t necessarily make it less expensive billion tons of CO2 each year. It is also the is important to remember that those first but having more options might encourage most carbon rich fossil fuel, producing 2.5 and most heavily affected by this crisis, are people to shop in that section more often. tons of CO2 per ton of coal burned. Despite people with lower incomes. This is not only Second, doing some more advertising for this, coal is still being used as the primary an environmental issue, but also a human the Farm Share Program. The Farm Share source of energy in America. This needs to rights issue. Program provides limited-income change. Additionally, we need to take action It is up to all of us now to be able to pre- Vermonters with access to high-quality to crack down on other nations who dis- serve this planet and create a stable system produce on a weekly basis. The program regard the state of the world’s climate, and which will allow all generations moving for- helps hundreds of families get access to a ensure that nations such as China and India ward to prosper in a healthy environment. season’s worth of farm-fresh produce by re- take responsibility for their role in the issue. MEREDITH JACKSON, BURLINGTON HIGH ducing the cost of the shares. The program The United States is the wealthiest nation SCHOOL, FRESHMAN itself is already a solution to this problem, in the world, and if only a fraction of our One issue in Vermont that doesn’t get but I feel like advertising would be good be- military budget was used to invest in the fu- enough recognition is the cost of eating cause it would inform more people that they ture of our environment, the future of healthy. It isn’t affordable for many, and the have that option. All they have to do is sign younger generations and the future of our expenses can even discourage people to eat up. species as a whole we might be able to pre- healthily. If the prices are discouraging peo- Third, and last, is more of something peo- vent many of climate change’s worst effects. ple to eat healthily, then they might resort ple could do themselves or with a group of There is no time left to wait, or to deny the to unhealthier foods because they are cheap- people, but people could start their own gar- challenges before us: we must take urgent er and in more of the average price range for dens or start a larger neighborhood garden. action and do everything we can to lower most. This would provide people with plenty of CO2 emissions before it is too late.∑

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00049 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.023 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4132 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT EXECUTIVE AND OTHER June 30, 2020; to the Committee on Environ- COMMUNICATIONS ment and Public Works. Messages from the President of the EC–4945. A communication from the Direc- United States were communicated to The following communications were tor of the Regulatory Management Division, the Senate by Ms. Roberts, one of his laid before the Senate, together with Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- secretaries. accompanying papers, reports, and doc- ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- uments, and were referred as indicated: titled ‘‘Air Plan Approval; North Carolina; f Miscellaneous Permit Provisions Revisions’’ EC–4937. A communication from the Sec- (FRL No. 10011–31–Region 4) received in the retary of the Treasury, transmitting, pursu- EXECUTIVE MESSAGES REFERRED Office of the President of the Senate on June ant to law, a six-month periodic report on 30, 2020; to the Committee on Environment As in executive session the Presiding the national emergency with respect to Leb- and Public Works. Officer laid before the Senate messages anon that was declared in Executive Order EC–4946. A communication from the Direc- from the President of the United 13441 of August 1, 2007; to the Committee on tor of the Regulatory Management Division, States submitting sundry nominations Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- EC–4938. A communication from the Direc- which were referred to the Committee ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- tor of the Regulatory Management Division, titled ‘‘Air Plan Approval; Massachusetts; on Armed Services. Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- Negative Declaration for the Oil and Gas In- (The messages received today are ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- dustry; Withdrawal of Direct Final Rule’’ printed at the end of the Senate pro- titled ‘‘Air Plan Conditional Approval and (FRL No. 10011–42–Region 1) received in the ceedings.) Disapproval; Arizona; Maricopa County; Office of the President of the Senate on June Power Plants, Fuel Burning Equipment, and 30, 2020; to the Committee on Environment f Internal Combustion Engines’’ (FRL No. and Public Works. 10009–81–Region 9) received in the Office of EC–4947. A communication from the Direc- MESSAGES FROM THE HOUSE the President of the Senate on June 30, 2020; tor of the Regulatory Management Division, Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- At 9:32 a.m., a message from the to the Committee on Environment and Pub- lic Works. ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- House of Representatives, delivered by EC–4939. A communication from the Direc- titled ‘‘Air Plan Approval and Air Quality Mr. Novotny, one of its reading clerks, tor of the Regulatory Management Division, Designation; Connecticut; Determination of announced that pursuant to 20 U.S.C. Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- Clean Data for the 2008 8-Hour Ozone Stand- 4412, and the order of the House of Jan- ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- ard for the Greater Connecticut Area’’ (FRL uary 3, 2019, the Speaker appoints the titled ‘‘Air Plan Approval; California; No. 10011–52–Region 1) received in the Office Mariposa County Air Pollution Control Dis- of the President of the Senate on June 30, following Member on the part of the 2020; to the Committee on Environment and House of Representatives to the Board trict’’ (FRL No. 10010–73–Region 9) received in the Office of the President of the Senate Public Works. of Trustees of the Institute of Amer- EC–4948. A communication from the Direc- on June 30, 2020; to the Committee on Envi- tor of the Regulatory Management Division, ican Indian and Alaska Native Culture ronment and Public Works. Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- and Arts Development: Mr. YOUNG of EC–4940. A communication from the Direc- Alaska. ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- tor of the Regulatory Management Division, titled ‘‘Long-Chain Perfluoroalkyl Carbo- ENROLLED BILL SIGNED Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- xylate and Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonate Chem- The President Pro tempore (Mr. ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- ical Substances’’ (FRL No. 10010–44–OCSPP) titled ‘‘Air Plan Approval; Kentucky; Jeffer- GRASSLEY) announced that on today, received in the Office of the President of the son County Performance Tests’’ (FRL No. July 1, 2020, he has signed the following Senate on June 30, 2020; to the Committee on 10010–78–Region 4) received in the Office of Environment and Public Works. enrolled bill, which was previously the President of the Senate on June 30, 2020; EC–4949. A communication from the Assist- signed by the Speaker of the House: to the Committee on Environment and Pub- ant Secretary of Legislative Affairs, Depart- S. 4091. An act to amend section 1113 of the lic Works. ment of State, transmitting, pursuant to Social Security Act to provide authority for EC–4941. A communication from the Direc- law, a report concerning amendments to fiscal year 2020 for increased payments for tor of the Regulatory Management Division, Part 126 of the International Traffic in Arms temporary assistance to United States citi- Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- Regulations (ITAR); to the Committee on zens returned from foreign countries, and for ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- Foreign Relations. other purposes. titled ‘‘Air Plan Revisions; California; Tech- EC–4950. A communication from the Assist- nical Amendments’’ (FRL No. 10011–00–Re- ant Secretary of Legislative Affairs, Depart- At 5:51 p.m., a message from the gion 9) received in the Office of the President ment of State, transmitting, pursuant to the House of Representatives, delivered by of the Senate on June 30, 2020; to the Com- Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Mr. Novotny, one of its reading clerks, mittee on Environment and Public Works. Fairness Act of 1996, a report concerning a announced that the House has passed EC–4942. A communication from the Direc- final rule that removes Department regula- tions that govern the obsolete Walsh Visa the following bill, without amendment: tor of the Regulatory Management Division, Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- Program; to the Committee on Foreign Rela- S. 4116. An act to extend the authority for ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- tions. commitments for the paycheck protection titled ‘‘Air Quality State Implementation EC–4951. A communication from the Board program and separate amounts authorized Plan Approval; Nevada; Infrastructure Re- of Trustees, Railroad Retirement Board, for other loans under section 7(a) of the quirements for the 2010 Sulfur Dioxide Na- transmitting, pursuant to law, the 2020 An- Small Business Act, and for other purposes. tional Ambient Air Quality Standard’’ (FRL nual Report on the Financial Status of the The message further announced that No. 10011–07–Region 9) received in the Office Railroad Unemployment Insurance System; to the Committee on Health, Education, the House has passed the following bill, of the President of the Senate on June 30, in which it requests the concurrence of Labor, and Pensions. 2020; to the Committee on Environment and EC–4952. A communication from the Rail- the Senate: Public Works. road Retirement Board, transmitting, pursu- H.R. 7440. An act to impose sanctions with EC–4943. A communication from the Direc- ant to law, the Annual Actuarial Report Re- respect to foreign persons involved in the tor of the Regulatory Management Division, quired by Section 22 of the Railroad Retire- erosion of certain obligations of China with Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- ment Act of 1974 and Section 502 of the Rail- respect to Hong Kong, and for other pur- ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- road Retirement Solvency Act of 1983; to the poses. titled ‘‘Air Plan Approval; Wisconsin; Redes- Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and ignation of the Inland Sheboygan, Wisconsin Pensions. f Area to Attainment of the 2008 Ozone Stand- EC–4953. A communication from the Board ards’’ (FRL No. 10011–17–Region 5) received in Members of the Railroad Retirement Board, ENROLLED BILL PRESENTED the Office of the President of the Senate on transmitting, pursuant to law, the Board’s The Secretary of the Senate reported June 30, 2020; to the Committee on Environ- Semiannual Report of the Inspector General that on today, July 1, 2020, she had pre- ment and Public Works. for the period from October 1, 2019 through EC–4944. A communication from the Direc- sented to the President of the United March 31, 2020; to the Committee on Home- tor of the Regulatory Management Division, land Security and Governmental Affairs. States the following enrolled bill: Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- EC–4954. A communication from the Board S. 4091. An act to amend section 1113 of the ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- Members, Railroad Retirement Board, trans- Social Security Act to provide authority for titled ‘‘Air Plan Approval; Arizona; Maricopa mitting, pursuant to law, an annual report fiscal year 2020 for increased payments for County Air Quality Department and Pima relative to the Board’s compliance with the temporary assistance to United States citi- County Department of Environmental Qual- Government in the Sunshine Act during cal- zens returned from foreign countries, and for ity’’ (FRL No. 10011–25–Region 9) received in endar year 2019; to the Committee on Home- other purposes. the Office of the President of the Senate on land Security and Governmental Affairs.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00050 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.057 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4133 EC–4955. A communication from the Assist- and second times by unanimous con- S. 4129. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- ant Secretary for Legislation, Department of sent, and referred as indicated: enue Code of 1986 to reinstate advance re- Health and Human Services, transmitting, funding bonds; to the Committee on Finance. By Mr. CRUZ: pursuant to law, a report entitled ‘‘Report to By Mr. COTTON (for himself, Mr. SCHU- S. 4119. A bill to amend the Immigration Congress on the Social and Economic Condi- MER, Mr. REED, Mr. RISCH, Ms. COL- and Nationality Act to increase penalties for tions of Native Americans: Fiscal Year 2016’’; LINS, Mr. KING, Mr. HAWLEY, Mr. individuals who illegally reenter the United to the Committee on Indian Affairs. JONES, Mrs. GILLIBRAND, Mr. RUBIO, States after being removed, and for other EC–4956. A communication from the Assist- and Ms. HASSAN): purposes; to the Committee on the Judici- ant Secretary, Legislative Affairs, Depart- S. 4130. A bill to require the Secretary of ary. ment of State, transmitting, pursuant to Commerce to award grants to States for the By Mr. BLUMENTHAL (for Mr. MAR- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Visas: Spe- construction of microelectronics manufac- KEY (for himself and Mr. cial Immigrant Visas - U.S. Government Em- turing and advanced research and develop- BLUMENTHAL)): ployee Special Immigrant Visas for Service ment facilities, to authorize the Secretary of S. 4120. A bill to enhance the early warning Abroad’’ (RIN1400–AE77) received in the Of- Defense and the Director of National Intel- reporting requirements for motor vehicle fice of the President of the Senate on June ligence to fund the construction of micro- manufacturers, and for other purposes; to 25, 2020; to the Committee on the Judiciary. electronics manufacturing facilities for na- the Committee on Commerce, Science, and EC–4957. A communication from the Assist- tional security needs, and to authorize addi- Transportation. ant Secretary, Legislative Affairs, Depart- tional amounts for microelectronics research By Mr. BLUMENTHAL (for Mr. MAR- ment of State, transmitting, pursuant to and development, and for other purposes; to KEY (for himself and Mr. law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Removal the Committee on Commerce, Science, and BLUMENTHAL)): of Regulations Related to Immigrant Visas Transportation. S. 4121. A bill to amend title 49, United for Certain Expatriates’’ (RIN1400–AE55) re- By Ms. KLOBUCHAR (for herself, Mr. States Code, to require the Secretary of ceived in the Office of the President of the SCHATZ, Mr. WARNER, Mr. MARKEY, Transportation to establish a motor vehicle Senate on June 25, 2020; to the Committee on Mr. BOOKER, Ms. HARRIS, Ms. WAR- recall assistance program, and for other pur- the Judiciary. REN, Ms. ROSEN, and Ms. CORTEZ poses; to the Committee on Commerce, EC–4958. A communication from the Asso- MASTO): Science, and Transportation. S. 4131. A bill to make high-speed ciate Administrator for Policy, Federal By Mr. BLUMENTHAL (for Mr. MAR- broadband internet service accessible and af- Motor Carrier Safety Administration, De- KEY (for himself and Mr. fordable to all Americans, and for other pur- partment of Transportation, transmitting, BLUMENTHAL)): poses; to the Committee on Commerce, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled S. 4122. A bill to require the Secretary of Science, and Transportation. ‘‘Motor Carrier Safety Assistance Program’’ Transportation to issue a final rule revising By Mrs. FEINSTEIN (for herself, Ms. (RIN2126–AC02) received in the Office of the motor vehicle seat back safety standards; to KLOBUCHAR, Ms. BALDWIN, Mr. CASEY, President of the Senate on June 30, 2020; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Mr. REED, Mr. BLUMENTHAL, Mr. the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. MARKEY, Ms. HARRIS, Ms. HIRONO, Transportation. By Mr. BLUMENTHAL (for Mr. MAR- Mr. CARPER, Mr. VAN HOLLEN, Mrs. f KEY (for himself and Mr. GILLIBRAND, Mr. MERKLEY, Ms. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES BLUMENTHAL)): SMITH, Ms. WARREN, and Mr. CARDIN): S. 4123. A bill to direct the Secretary of S. 4132. A bill to establish the Commission The following reports of committees Transportation to conduct research regard- on the COVID–19 Pandemic in the United were submitted: ing and require the use of driver monitoring States; to the Committee on Rules and Ad- By Mr. BARRASSO, from the Committee systems to minimize or eliminate motor ve- ministration. on Environment and Public Works: hicle driver distraction; to the Committee on By Mr. JOHNSON (for himself, Mr. Report to accompany S. 3051, a bill to im- Commerce, Science, and Transportation. PETERS, and Mr. WYDEN): S. 4133. A bill to modernize the REAL ID prove protections for wildlife, and for other By Mr. BRAUN: Act of 2005, and for other purposes; to the purposes (Rept. No. 116–239). S. 4124. A bill to expedite hiring by the De- partment of Veterans Affairs of medical de- Committee on Homeland Security and Gov- f partment personnel separating from the ernmental Affairs. EXECUTIVE REPORTS OF Armed Forces, and for other purposes; to the By Mr. CORNYN (for himself and Mr. COMMITTEES Committee on Veterans’ Affairs. BENNET): By Mr. GARDNER: S. 4134. A bill to establish a demonstration The following executive reports of S. 4125. A bill to extend the paycheck pro- project to increase access to biosimilar prod- nominations were submitted: tection program and to provide supplemental ucts under the Medicare program; to the Committee on Finance. By Mr. BARRASSO for the Committee on loans to recipients of loans under the pay- check protection program, and for other pur- By Mr. TOOMEY: Environment and Public Works. S. 4135. A bill to provide forgivable phys- poses; to the Committee on Small Business Katherine A. Crytzer, of Tennessee, to be ical disaster loans to businesses damaged due and Entrepreneurship. Inspector General of the Tennessee Valley to civil unrest, and for other purposes; to the Authority. By Mr. JOHNSON (for himself and Ms. Committee on Small Business and Entrepre- *Beth Harwell, of Tennessee, to be a Mem- BALDWIN): neurship. S. 4126. A bill to designate the facility of ber of the Board of Directors of the Ten- By Mr. VAN HOLLEN (for himself, Mr. nessee Valley Authority for a term expiring the United States Postal Service located at WARNER, Mr. KAINE, and Mr. CARDIN): May 18, 2024. 104 East Main Street in Port Washington, S. 4136. A bill to require Federal agencies *Brian Noland, of Tennessee, to be a Mem- Wisconsin, as the ‘‘Joseph G. Demler Post to conduct a benefit-cost analysis on reloca- ber of the Board of Directors of the Ten- Office’’; to the Committee on Homeland Se- tions involving the movement of employ- nessee Valley Authority for a term expiring curity and Governmental Affairs. ment positions to different areas, and for May 18, 2024. By Mr. RISCH: other purposes; to the Committee on Home- By Mr. RUBIO for the Select Committee on S. 4127. A bill to amend the Agricultural land Security and Governmental Affairs. Intelligence. Act of 2014 to modify the treatment of rev- By Mr. SCHATZ (for himself, Ms. MUR- *Peter Michael Thomson, of Louisiana, to enue from timber sale contracts and certain KOWSKI, Ms. HIRONO, and Mr. SUL- be Inspector General, Central Intelligence payments made by counties to the Secretary LIVAN): Agency. of Agriculture and the Secretary of the Inte- S. 4137. A bill to amend title XVIII of the *Nomination was reported with rec- rior under good neighbor agreements, and for Social Security Act to authorize the Sec- ommendation that it be confirmed sub- other purposes; to the Committee on Agri- retary of Health and Human Services to culture, Nutrition, and Forestry. ject to the nominee’s commitment to make adjustments to payment rates for By Mr. PORTMAN (for himself and skilled nursing facilities under the Medicare respond to requests to appear and tes- Mrs. SHAHEEN): program to account for certain unique cir- tify before any duly constituted com- S. 4128. A bill to extend the authority for cumstances; to the Committee on Finance. mittee of the Senate. the establishment by the Peace Corps Com- By Mr. LANKFORD (for himself and (Nominations without an asterisk memorative Foundation of a commemora- Ms. SINEMA): were reported with the recommenda- tive work to commemorate the mission of S. 4138. A bill to amend title 5, United tion that they be confirmed.) the Peace Corps and the ideals on which the States Code, to make permanent the author- Peace Corps was founded, and for other pur- ity of the United States Patent and Trade- f poses; to the Committee on Energy and Nat- mark Office to conduct a telework travel ex- INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND ural Resources. penses program; to the Committee on Home- JOINT RESOLUTIONS By Mr. WICKER (for himself, Ms. STA- land Security and Governmental Affairs. BENOW, Mr. BENNET, Mrs. CAPITO, Mr. By Mr. DURBIN (for himself, Mr. SAND- The following bills and joint resolu- BARRASSO, Mr. MENENDEZ, Mr. ERS, Mr. REED, Mr. CARDIN, and Mr. tions were introduced, read the first MORAN, and Mr. CARPER): MERKLEY):

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00051 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.036 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4134 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 S. 4139. A bill to encourage support by imbursement for emergency treatment of and transportation fuels, and for other international financial institutions for a ro- amounts owed to a third party for which the purposes. bust global response to the COVID–19 pan- veteran is responsible under a health-plan S. 2336 demic; to the Committee on Foreign Rela- contract; to the Committee on Veterans’ Af- tions. fairs. At the request of Mr. TESTER, the name of the Senator from Arizona (Ms. By Mr. BOOKER: f S. 4140. A bill to provide additional emer- SINEMA) was added as a cosponsor of S. gency funding for certain nutrition pro- SUBMISSION OF CONCURRENT AND 2336, a bill to improve the management grams; to the Committee on Agriculture, Nu- SENATE RESOLUTIONS of information technology projects and trition, and Forestry. The following concurrent resolutions investments of the Department of Vet- By Ms. WARREN (for herself, Ms. erans Affairs, and for other purposes. BALDWIN, Mr. BENNET, Mr. and Senate resolutions were read, and BLUMENTHAL, Mr. BOOKER, Mr. referred (or acted upon), as indicated: S. 2417 BROWN, Ms. CANTWELL, Mr. CARDIN, By Mr. ROUNDS: At the request of Mr. KENNEDY, the Mr. CASEY, Ms. CORTEZ MASTO, Ms. S. Res. 640. A resolution to express the name of the Senator from Virginia (Mr. DUCKWORTH, Mr. DURBIN, Mrs. FEIN- sense of the Senate on United States-Israel WARNER) was added as a cosponsor of S. STEIN, Mrs. GILLIBRAND, Ms. HARRIS, cooperation on precision-guided munitions; 2417, a bill to provide for payment of Ms. HASSAN, Mr. HEINRICH, Ms. to the Committee on Foreign Relations. proceeds from savings bonds to a State HIRONO, Ms. KLOBUCHAR, Mr. LEAHY, By Mr. SCOTT of Florida (for himself, with title to such bonds pursuant to Mr. MANCHIN, Mr. MARKEY, Mr. Mr. RUBIO, and Mr. MENENDEZ): MENENDEZ, Mr. MERKLEY, Mr. MUR- S. Res. 641. A resolution designating April the judgment of a court. PHY, Mr. PETERS, Mr. REED, Mr. 13, 2020, as ‘‘National Borinqueneers Day’’; S. 2633 SANDERS, Mrs. SHAHEEN, Ms. SMITH, considered and agreed to. At the request of Mr. BLUMENTHAL, Ms. STABENOW, Mr. UDALL, Mr. VAN By Mr. BROWN (for himself and Mr. the name of the Senator from New HOLLEN, Mr. WHITEHOUSE, and Mr. PORTMAN): York (Mrs. GILLIBRAND) was added as a WYDEN): S. Res. 642. A resolution honoring the life, S. 4141. A bill to refinance Federal and pri- legacy, and achievements of Annie Glenn; to cosponsor of S. 2633, a bill to amend vate student loans, and for other purposes; to the Committee on the Judiciary. title XVIII of the Social Security Act the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, By Mr. BOOKER (for himself, Ms. HAR- to provide coverage for wigs as durable and Pensions. RIS, Mr. DURBIN, Ms. KLOBUCHAR, Mr. medical equipment under the Medicare By Ms. WARREN (for Mr. MARKEY BROWN, Mr. KAINE, Mrs. FEINSTEIN, program, and for other purposes. (for himself, Mr. SANDERS, and Ms. Mr. JONES, and Mr. COONS): S. 3170 WARREN)): S. Res. 643. A resolution recognizing the S. 4142. A bill to amend the Revised Stat- contributions of African Americans to the At the request of Mr. MERKLEY, the utes to remove the defense of qualified im- musical heritage of the United States and name of the Senator from Pennsyl- munity in the case of any action under sec- the need for greater access to music edu- vania (Mr. CASEY) was added as a co- tion 1979, and for other purposes; to the Com- cation for African-American students and sponsor of S. 3170, a bill to amend the mittee on the Judiciary. designating June 2020 as African-American Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 to ex- By Mr. SCHUMER (for himself and Mr. Music Appreciation Month; to the Com- pand access to breastfeeding accom- WYDEN): mittee on the Judiciary. modations in the workplace, and for S. 4143. A bill to extend the unemployment By Mr. BOOKER (for himself, Mr. other purposes. insurance provisions of the Coronavirus Aid, SCHUMER, Mr. PETERS, Mr. Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act BLUMENTHAL, Mr. WHITEHOUSE, Mr. S. 3318 for the duration of the economic recovery, CARPER, Mrs. GILLIBRAND, Mr. JONES, At the request of Mr. CASSIDY, the and for other purposes; to the Committee on Mr. COONS, Mr. REED, Ms. BALDWIN, name of the Senator from Texas (Mr. Finance. Mr. SANDERS, Ms. SMITH, Mr. MENEN- CORNYN) was added as a cosponsor of S. By Mr. WICKER (for himself and Ms. DEZ, Ms. ROSEN, Mr. BENNET, Mr. 3318, a bill to promote transparency in CANTWELL): UDALL, Mrs. FEINSTEIN, Ms. HARRIS, health care pricing. S. 4144. A bill to amend the Dingell-John- Mr. MERKLEY, Mr. KING, Ms. SINEMA, son Sport Fish Restoration Act with respect Mr. MARKEY, Mrs. MURRAY, Mr. S. 3353 to sport fish restoration and recreational TESTER, Mr. DURBIN, Mr. MURPHY, At the request of Mr. CASSIDY, the boating safety, and for other purposes; to the Ms. HIRONO, Mr. MANCHIN, Mr. names of the Senator from West Vir- Committee on Commerce, Science, and CARDIN, Ms. STABENOW, Ms. KLO- ginia (Mrs. CAPITO), the Senator from Transportation. BUCHAR, Mr. BROWN, Ms. DUCKWORTH, By Mr. MENENDEZ (for himself and Pennsylvania (Mr. TOOMEY), the Sen- Ms. WARREN, Mr. VAN HOLLEN, Mr. ator from Wyoming (Mr. ENZI) and the Mr. CRAMER): WYDEN, Ms. CANTWELL, Ms. HASSAN, Senator from Indiana (Mr. BRAUN) were S. 4145. A bill to amend title 31, United Ms. CORTEZ MASTO, Mrs. SHAHEEN, States Code, to prohibit retail businesses Mr. HEINRICH, Mr. SCHATZ, Mr. KAINE, added as cosponsors of S. 3353, a bill to from refusing cash payments, and for other Mr. CASEY, Mr. LEAHY, and Mr. WAR- amend title XVIII of the Social Secu- purposes; to the Committee on Commerce, NER): rity Act to provide for extended Science, and Transportation. S. Res. 644. A resolution expressing the months of Medicare coverage of im- By Mr. MERKLEY: sense of the Senate that the United States munosuppressive drugs for kidney S. 4146. A bill to require the Federal Elec- Postal Service should remain a strong and tion Commission to conduct a study on the transplant patients, and for other pur- universal service for the people of the United poses. classification of political campaign emails as States, and should receive an appropriation spam; to the Committee on Rules and Ad- to offset revenues lost due to the COVID–19 S. 3444 ministration. emergency; to the Committee on Homeland At the request of Mr. TESTER, the By Mr. MERKLEY: Security and Governmental Affairs. name of the Senator from Delaware S. 4147. A bill to establish the Financing Energy Efficient Manufacturing Program at f (Mr. CARPER) was added as a cosponsor of S. 3444, a bill to amend title 38, the Department of Energy to provide finan- ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS cial assistance to promote energy efficiency United States Code, to expand the list and onsite renewable technologies in manu- S. 511 of diseases associated with exposure to facturing facilities, and for other purposes; At the request of Mr. COTTON, the certain herbicide agents for which to the Committee on Energy and Natural Re- name of the Senator from Indiana (Mr. there is a presumption of service con- sources. BRAUN) was added as a cosponsor of S. nection for veterans who served in the By Mr. JOHNSON (for himself, Mr. 511, a bill to promote and protect from Republic of Vietnam, and for other pur- PETERS, Mrs. CAPITO, Mr. LANKFORD, discrimination living organ donors. Mr. INHOFE, and Mr. CARPER): poses. S. 4148. A bill to extend the Chemical Fa- S. 1841 S. 3599 cility Anti-Terrorism Standards Program of At the request of Mr. COONS, the At the request of Mr. PERDUE, the the Department of Homeland Security, and name of the Senator from Indiana (Mr. names of the Senator from Wyoming for other purposes; considered and passed. BRAUN) was added as a cosponsor of S. (Mr. BARRASSO) and the Senator from By Mr. BLUMENTHAL (for himself, 1841, a bill to amend the Internal Rev- Washington (Mrs. MURRAY) were added Ms. BALDWIN, Mr. BROWN, Ms. HIRONO, and Mr. TESTER): enue Code of 1986 to extend the publicly as cosponsors of S. 3599, a bill to en- S. 4149. A bill to amend title 38, United traded partnership ownership structure hance our Nation’s nurse and physician States Code, to remove the limitation on re- to energy power generation projects workforce during the COVID–19 crisis

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00052 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.032 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4135 by recapturing unused immigrant from Mississippi (Mrs. HYDE-SMITH) AMENDMENT NO. 1681 visas. and the Senator from Connecticut (Mr. At the request of Ms. WARREN, the S. 3703 BLUMENTHAL) were added as cosponsors name of the Senator from California At the request of Ms. COLLINS, the of S. 4001, a bill to amend title IX of (Mrs. FEINSTEIN) was added as a co- names of the Senator from Arkansas the Social Security Act to improve sponsor of amendment No. 1681 in- (Mr. BOOZMAN) and the Senator from emergency unemployment relief for tended to be proposed to S. 4049, an Rhode Island (Mr. REED) were added as governmental entities and nonprofit original bill to authorize appropria- cosponsors of S. 3703, a bill to amend organizations. tions for fiscal year 2021 for military the Elder Abuse Prevention and Pros- S. 4014 activities of the Department of De- fense, for military construction, and ecution Act to improve the prevention At the request of Mr. CARDIN, the of elder abuse and exploitation of indi- name of the Senator from New York for defense activities of the Depart- ment of Energy, to prescribe military viduals with Alzheimer’s disease and (Mr. SCHUMER) was added as a cospon- related dementias. sor of S. 4014, a bill to provide for sup- personnel strengths for such fiscal year, and for other purposes. S. 3812 plemental loans under the Paycheck At the request of Mr. MENENDEZ, the Protection Program. AMENDMENT NO. 1701 At the request of Mr. CARDIN, the name of the Senator from Montana S. 4017 (Mr. TESTER) was added as a cosponsor name of the Senator from California At the request of Mr. HOEVEN, the (Mrs. FEINSTEIN) was added as a co- of S. 3812, a bill to amend title 38, names of the Senator from Iowa (Ms. United States Code, to expand eligi- sponsor of amendment No. 1701 in- ERNST) and the Senator from Louisiana tended to be proposed to S. 4049, an bility for hospital care, medical serv- (Mr. KENNEDY) were added as cospon- ices, and nursing home care from the original bill to authorize appropria- sors of S. 4017, a bill to extend the pe- tions for fiscal year 2021 for military Department of Veterans Affairs to in- riod for obligations or expenditures for clude veterans of World War II. activities of the Department of De- amounts obligated for the National fense, for military construction, and S. 3814 Disaster Resilience competition. for defense activities of the Depart- At the request of Mr. BENNET, the S. 4019 ment of Energy, to prescribe military names of the Senator from Colorado At the request of Mr. WARNER, his personnel strengths for such fiscal (Mr. GARDNER), the Senator from Mon- name was added as a cosponsor of S. year, and for other purposes. tana (Mr. TESTER), the Senator from 4019, a bill to amend title 5, United AMENDMENT NO. 1706 Rhode Island (Mr. REED), the Senator States Code, to designate Juneteenth At the request of Ms. DUCKWORTH, from Iowa (Ms. ERNST), the Senator National Independence Day as a legal the names of the Senator from Cali- from North Carolina (Mr. TILLIS), the public holiday. fornia (Ms. HARRIS), the Senator from Senator from Oregon (Mr. MERKLEY), S. 4048 Alaska (Ms. MURKOWSKI), the Senator the Senator from Missouri (Mr. BLUNT) from Connecticut (Mr. BLUMENTHAL) and the Senator from Virginia (Mr. At the request of Ms. HARRIS, the and the Senator from Illinois (Mr. DUR- KAINE) were added as cosponsors of S. names of the Senator from Connecticut BIN) were added as cosponsors of 3814, a bill to establish a loan program (Mr. BLUMENTHAL), the Senator from amendment No. 1706 intended to be pro- for businesses affected by COVID–19 New Mexico (Mr. UDALL), the Senator from Rhode Island (Mr. REED), the Sen- posed to S. 4049, an original bill to au- and to extend the loan forgiveness pe- thorize appropriations for fiscal year riod for paycheck protection program ator from New York (Mrs. GILLIBRAND) and the Senator from New Jersey (Mr. 2021 for military activities of the De- loans made to the hardest hit busi- partment of Defense, for military con- nesses, and for other purposes. MENENDEZ) were added as cosponsors of S. 4048, a bill to modify the deadlines struction, and for defense activities of S. 3910 for completing the 2020 decennial cen- the Department of Energy, to prescribe At the request of Mr. MANCHIN, the military personnel strengths for such name of the Senator from Nevada (Ms. sus of population and related tabula- tions, and for other purposes. fiscal year, and for other purposes. CORTEZ MASTO) was added as a cospon- AMENDMENT NO. 1707 S. 4088 sor of S. 3910, a bill to establish a pre- At the request of Ms. DUCKWORTH, At the request of Mr. BROWN, the sumption that certain firefighters who the names of the Senator from New name of the Senator from Connecticut are Federal employees and have Mexico (Mr. UDALL) and the Senator (Mr. BLUMENTHAL) was added as a co- COVID–19 contracted that disease from New Mexico (Mr. HEINRICH) were sponsor of S. 4088, a bill to amend title while in the performance of their offi- added as cosponsors of amendment No. cial duties, and for other purposes. XIX of the Social Security Act to ex- 1707 intended to be proposed to S. 4049, S. 3964 tend the application of the Medicare an original bill to authorize appropria- At the request of Mr. COONS, the payment rate floor to primary care tions for fiscal year 2021 for military names of the Senator from Minnesota services furnished under Medicaid and activities of the Department of De- (Ms. KLOBUCHAR) and the Senator from to apply the rate floor to additional fense, for military construction, and Tennessee (Mrs. BLACKBURN) were providers of primary care services. for defense activities of the Depart- added as cosponsors of S. 3964, a bill to S. 4117 ment of Energy, to prescribe military amend the national service laws to At the request of Mr. CRAMER, the personnel strengths for such fiscal prioritize national service programs names of the Senator from Arkansas year, and for other purposes. and projects that are directly related (Mr. COTTON), the Senator from West AMENDMENT NO. 1754 to the response to and recovery from Virginia (Mrs. CAPITO) and the Senator At the request of Mrs. GILLIBRAND, the COVID–19 public health emergency, from Arizona (Ms. MCSALLY) were the name of the Senator from Vermont and for other purposes. added as cosponsors of S. 4117, a bill to (Mr. SANDERS) was added as a cospon- S. 3979 provide automatic forgiveness for pay- sor of amendment No. 1754 intended to At the request of Mr. WICKER, the check protection program loans under be proposed to S. 4049, an original bill name of the Senator from Tennessee $150,000, and for other purposes. to authorize appropriations for fiscal (Mrs. BLACKBURN) was added as a co- S. RES. 274 year 2021 for military activities of the sponsor of S. 3979, a bill to amend title At the request of Mr. MENENDEZ, the Department of Defense, for military 10, United States Code, to authorize name of the Senator from Nevada (Ms. construction, and for defense activities the Secretary of Defense to tempo- CORTEZ MASTO) was added as a cospon- of the Department of Energy, to pre- rarily waive cost-sharing amounts sor of S. Res. 274, a resolution express- scribe military personnel strengths for under the TRICARE pharmacy benefits ing solidarity with Falun Gong practi- such fiscal year, and for other pur- program during certain declared emer- tioners who have lost lives, freedoms, poses. gencies. and other rights for adhering to their AMENDMENT NO. 1756 S. 4001 beliefs and practices, and condemning At the request of Mrs. GILLIBRAND, At the request of Mr. SCOTT of South the practice of non-consenting organ the name of the Senator from Con- Carolina, the names of the Senator harvesting, and for other purposes. necticut (Mr. BLUMENTHAL) was added

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00053 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.040 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4136 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 as a cosponsor of amendment No. 1756 AMENDMENT NO. 1881 struction, and for defense activities of intended to be proposed to S. 4049, an At the request of Mrs. HYDE-SMITH, the Department of Energy, to prescribe original bill to authorize appropria- the name of the Senator from Texas military personnel strengths for such tions for fiscal year 2021 for military (Mr. CORNYN) was added as a cosponsor fiscal year, and for other purposes. activities of the Department of De- of amendment No. 1881 intended to be AMENDMENT NO. 2059 fense, for military construction, and proposed to S. 4049, an original bill to At the request of Mr. UDALL, the for defense activities of the Depart- authorize appropriations for fiscal year name of the Senator from Minnesota ment of Energy, to prescribe military 2021 for military activities of the De- (Ms. KLOBUCHAR) was added as a co- personnel strengths for such fiscal partment of Defense, for military con- sponsor of amendment No. 2059 in- year, and for other purposes. struction, and for defense activities of tended to be proposed to S. 4049, an AMENDMENT NO. 1763 the Department of Energy, to prescribe original bill to authorize appropria- At the request of Mr. HOEVEN, the military personnel strengths for such tions for fiscal year 2021 for military name of the Senator from Texas (Mr. fiscal year, and for other purposes. activities of the Department of De- CORNYN) was added as a cosponsor of AMENDMENT NO. 1884 fense, for military construction, and amendment No. 1763 intended to be pro- At the request of Mr. ROMNEY, the for defense activities of the Depart- posed to S. 4049, an original bill to au- name of the Senator from Texas (Mr. ment of Energy, to prescribe military thorize appropriations for fiscal year CORNYN) was added as a cosponsor of personnel strengths for such fiscal 2021 for military activities of the De- amendment No. 1884 intended to be pro- year, and for other purposes. partment of Defense, for military con- posed to S. 4049, an original bill to au- AMENDMENT NO. 2068 struction, and for defense activities of thorize appropriations for fiscal year At the request of Mr. GARDNER, the the Department of Energy, to prescribe 2021 for military activities of the De- name of the Senator from Texas (Mr. military personnel strengths for such partment of Defense, for military con- CORNYN) was added as a cosponsor of fiscal year, and for other purposes. struction, and for defense activities of amendment No. 2068 intended to be pro- the Department of Energy, to prescribe AMENDMENT NO. 1784 posed to S. 4049, an original bill to au- military personnel strengths for such thorize appropriations for fiscal year At the request of Mr. MENENDEZ, the fiscal year, and for other purposes. name of the Senator from Texas (Mr. 2021 for military activities of the De- AMENDMENT NO. 1889 partment of Defense, for military con- CRUZ) was added as a cosponsor of At the request of Mr. BROWN, the amendment No. 1784 intended to be pro- struction, and for defense activities of name of the Senator from Pennsyl- posed to S. 4049, an original bill to au- the Department of Energy, to prescribe vania (Mr. CASEY) was added as a co- thorize appropriations for fiscal year military personnel strengths for such sponsor of amendment No. 1889 in- 2021 for military activities of the De- fiscal year, and for other purposes. tended to be proposed to S. 4049, an partment of Defense, for military con- AMENDMENT NO. 2069 original bill to authorize appropria- struction, and for defense activities of At the request of Mr. GARDNER, the tions for fiscal year 2021 for military the Department of Energy, to prescribe name of the Senator from Texas (Mr. activities of the Department of De- military personnel strengths for such CORNYN) was added as a cosponsor of fense, for military construction, and fiscal year, and for other purposes. amendment No. 2069 intended to be pro- for defense activities of the Depart- posed to S. 4049, an original bill to au- AMENDMENT NO. 1792 ment of Energy, to prescribe military thorize appropriations for fiscal year At the request of Mr. DURBIN, the personnel strengths for such fiscal 2021 for military activities of the De- name of the Senator from New Mexico year, and for other purposes. partment of Defense, for military con- (Mr. UDALL) was added as a cosponsor AMENDMENT NO. 1895 struction, and for defense activities of of amendment No. 1792 intended to be At the request of Mr. RUBIO, the the Department of Energy, to prescribe proposed to S. 4049, an original bill to name of the Senator from Georgia military personnel strengths for such authorize appropriations for fiscal year (Mrs. LOEFFLER) was added as a cospon- fiscal year, and for other purposes. 2021 for military activities of the De- sor of amendment No. 1895 intended to AMENDMENT NO. 2101 partment of Defense, for military con- be proposed to S. 4049, an original bill At the request of Mr. CORNYN, the struction, and for defense activities of to authorize appropriations for fiscal name of the Senator from Arizona (Ms. the Department of Energy, to prescribe year 2021 for military activities of the SINEMA) was added as a cosponsor of military personnel strengths for such Department of Defense, for military amendment No. 2101 intended to be pro- fiscal year, and for other purposes. construction, and for defense activities posed to S. 4049, an original bill to au- AMENDMENT NO. 1793 of the Department of Energy, to pre- thorize appropriations for fiscal year At the request of Mr. DURBIN, the scribe military personnel strengths for 2021 for military activities of the De- name of the Senator from New Mexico such fiscal year, and for other pur- partment of Defense, for military con- (Mr. HEINRICH) was added as a cospon- poses. struction, and for defense activities of sor of amendment No. 1793 intended to AMENDMENT NO. 1932 the Department of Energy, to prescribe be proposed to S. 4049, an original bill At the request of Mrs. GILLIBRAND, military personnel strengths for such to authorize appropriations for fiscal the name of the Senator from Texas fiscal year, and for other purposes. year 2021 for military activities of the (Mr. CRUZ) was added as a cosponsor of AMENDMENT NO. 2116 Department of Defense, for military amendment No. 1932 intended to be pro- At the request of Mr. DURBIN, the construction, and for defense activities posed to S. 4049, an original bill to au- names of the Senator from Ohio (Mr. of the Department of Energy, to pre- thorize appropriations for fiscal year PORTMAN) and the Senator from Illi- scribe military personnel strengths for 2021 for military activities of the De- nois (Ms. DUCKWORTH) were added as such fiscal year, and for other pur- partment of Defense, for military con- cosponsors of amendment No. 2116 in- poses. struction, and for defense activities of tended to be proposed to S. 4049, an AMENDMENT NO. 1804 the Department of Energy, to prescribe original bill to authorize appropria- At the request of Mr. BRAUN, the military personnel strengths for such tions for fiscal year 2021 for military name of the Senator from Texas (Mr. fiscal year, and for other purposes. activities of the Department of De- CRUZ) was added as a cosponsor of AMENDMENT NO. 1972 fense, for military construction, and amendment No. 1804 intended to be pro- At the request of Mr. TESTER, the for defense activities of the Depart- posed to S. 4049, an original bill to au- names of the Senator from Oregon (Mr. ment of Energy, to prescribe military thorize appropriations for fiscal year WYDEN) and the Senator from Delaware personnel strengths for such fiscal 2021 for military activities of the De- (Mr. CARPER) were added as cosponsors year, and for other purposes. partment of Defense, for military con- of amendment No. 1972 intended to be AMENDMENT NO. 2136 struction, and for defense activities of proposed to S. 4049, an original bill to At the request of Mr. CRUZ, the the Department of Energy, to prescribe authorize appropriations for fiscal year names of the Senator from North Caro- military personnel strengths for such 2021 for military activities of the De- lina (Mr. TILLIS) and the Senator from fiscal year, and for other purposes. partment of Defense, for military con- South Carolina (Mr. SCOTT) were added

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00054 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.040 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4137 as cosponsors of amendment No. 2136 tended to be proposed to S. 4049, an AMENDMENT NO. 2315 intended to be proposed to S. 4049, an original bill to authorize appropria- At the request of Mr. UDALL, the original bill to authorize appropria- tions for fiscal year 2021 for military name of the Senator from California tions for fiscal year 2021 for military activities of the Department of De- (Mrs. FEINSTEIN) was added as a co- activities of the Department of De- fense, for military construction, and sponsor of amendment No. 2315 in- fense, for military construction, and for defense activities of the Depart- tended to be proposed to S. 4049, an for defense activities of the Depart- ment of Energy, to prescribe military original bill to authorize appropria- ment of Energy, to prescribe military personnel strengths for such fiscal tions for fiscal year 2021 for military personnel strengths for such fiscal year, and for other purposes. activities of the Department of De- year, and for other purposes. AMENDMENT NO. 2245 fense, for military construction, and AMENDMENT NO. 2168 At the request of Mr. CORNYN, the for defense activities of the Depart- At the request of Mr. DURBIN, the name of the Senator from New Hamp- ment of Energy, to prescribe military names of the Senator from South Da- shire (Ms. HASSAN) was added as a co- personnel strengths for such fiscal kota (Mr. ROUNDS) and the Senator sponsor of amendment No. 2245 in- year, and for other purposes. from California (Mrs. FEINSTEIN) were tended to be proposed to S. 4049, an AMENDMENT NO. 2317 original bill to authorize appropria- added as cosponsors of amendment No. At the request of Ms. HARRIS, the tions for fiscal year 2021 for military 2168 intended to be proposed to S. 4049, name of the Senator from Illinois (Mr. activities of the Department of De- an original bill to authorize appropria- DURBIN) was added as a cosponsor of fense, for military construction, and tions for fiscal year 2021 for military amendment No. 2317 intended to be pro- for defense activities of the Depart- activities of the Department of De- posed to S. 4049, an original bill to au- ment of Energy, to prescribe military fense, for military construction, and thorize appropriations for fiscal year personnel strengths for such fiscal for defense activities of the Depart- 2021 for military activities of the De- year, and for other purposes. ment of Energy, to prescribe military partment of Defense, for military con- AMENDMENT NO. 2251 personnel strengths for such fiscal struction, and for defense activities of At the request of Mr. MERKLEY, the year, and for other purposes. the Department of Energy, to prescribe name of the Senator from Massachu- AMENDMENT NO. 2198 military personnel strengths for such setts (Mr. MARKEY) was added as a co- At the request of Mr. CRAPO, the fiscal year, and for other purposes. name of the Senator from Iowa (Mr. sponsor of amendment No. 2251 in- tended to be proposed to S. 4049, an AMENDMENT NO. 2318 GRASSLEY) was added as a cosponsor of original bill to authorize appropria- At the request of Ms. HARRIS, the amendment No. 2198 intended to be pro- name of the Senator from California posed to S. 4049, an original bill to au- tions for fiscal year 2021 for military (Mrs. FEINSTEIN) was added as a co- thorize appropriations for fiscal year activities of the Department of De- fense, for military construction, and sponsor of amendment No. 2318 in- 2021 for military activities of the De- for defense activities of the Depart- tended to be proposed to S. 4049, an partment of Defense, for military con- ment of Energy, to prescribe military original bill to authorize appropria- struction, and for defense activities of personnel strengths for such fiscal tions for fiscal year 2021 for military the Department of Energy, to prescribe year, and for other purposes. activities of the Department of De- military personnel strengths for such fense, for military construction, and fiscal year, and for other purposes. AMENDMENT NO. 2252 At the request of Mr. SCHATZ, the for defense activities of the Depart- At the request of Mr. BROWN, the ment of Energy, to prescribe military name of the Senator from Pennsyl- name of the Senator from Minnesota (Ms. SMITH) was added as a cosponsor personnel strengths for such fiscal vania (Mr. CASEY) was added as a co- year, and for other purposes. sponsor of amendment No. 2198 in- of amendment No. 2252 intended to be tended to be proposed to S. 4049, supra. proposed to S. 4049, an original bill to AMENDMENT NO. 2330 authorize appropriations for fiscal year AMENDMENT NO. 2206 At the request of Mr. PORTMAN, the 2021 for military activities of the De- name of the Senator from Connecticut At the request of Mr. BARRASSO, the partment of Defense, for military con- name of the Senator from New Hamp- (Mr. MURPHY) was added as a cosponsor struction, and for defense activities of of amendment No. 2330 intended to be shire (Ms. HASSAN) was added as a co- the Department of Energy, to prescribe sponsor of amendment No. 2206 in- proposed to S. 4049, an original bill to military personnel strengths for such authorize appropriations for fiscal year tended to be proposed to S. 4049, an fiscal year, and for other purposes. original bill to authorize appropria- 2021 for military activities of the De- AMENDMENT NO. 2270 tions for fiscal year 2021 for military partment of Defense, for military con- At the request of Mr. MENENDEZ, the struction, and for defense activities of activities of the Department of De- names of the Senator from Delaware fense, for military construction, and the Department of Energy, to prescribe (Mr. COONS) and the Senator from for defense activities of the Depart- military personnel strengths for such Vermont (Mr. LEAHY) were added as co- fiscal year, and for other purposes. ment of Energy, to prescribe military sponsors of amendment No. 2270 in- AMENDMENT NO. 2334 personnel strengths for such fiscal tended to be proposed to S. 4049, an year, and for other purposes. original bill to authorize appropria- At the request of Mr. COTTON, the AMENDMENT NO. 2219 tions for fiscal year 2021 for military names of the Senator from South Da- At the request of Mr. WARNER, the activities of the Department of De- kota (Mr. ROUNDS) and the Senator name of the Senator from Minnesota fense, for military construction, and from Alaska (Mr. SULLIVAN) were added (Ms. KLOBUCHAR) was added as a co- for defense activities of the Depart- as cosponsors of amendment No. 2334 sponsor of amendment No. 2219 in- ment of Energy, to prescribe military intended to be proposed to S. 4049, an tended to be proposed to S. 4049, an personnel strengths for such fiscal original bill to authorize appropria- original bill to authorize appropria- year, and for other purposes. tions for fiscal year 2021 for military tions for fiscal year 2021 for military AMENDMENT NO. 2301 activities of the Department of De- activities of the Department of De- At the request of Mr. PAUL, the name fense, for military construction, and fense, for military construction, and of the Senator from Iowa (Mr. GRASS- for defense activities of the Depart- for defense activities of the Depart- LEY) was added as a cosponsor of ment of Energy, to prescribe military ment of Energy, to prescribe military amendment No. 2301 proposed to S. personnel strengths for such fiscal personnel strengths for such fiscal 4049, an original bill to authorize ap- year, and for other purposes. year, and for other purposes. propriations for fiscal year 2021 for AMENDMENT NO. 2336 AMENDMENT NO. 2244 military activities of the Department At the request of Mr. WARNER, the At the request of Mr. CORNYN, the of Defense, for military construction, name of the Senator from Nebraska names of the Senator from Illinois (Ms. and for defense activities of the De- (Mr. SASSE) was added as a cosponsor DUCKWORTH) and the Senator from New partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- of amendment No. 2336 intended to be Hampshire (Ms. HASSAN) were added as tary personnel strengths for such fiscal proposed to S. 4049, an original bill to cosponsors of amendment No. 2244 in- year, and for other purposes. authorize appropriations for fiscal year

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00055 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.040 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4138 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 2021 for military activities of the De- AMENDMENT NO. 2370 Nearly 130,000 Americans have died partment of Defense, for military con- At the request of Mrs. BLACKBURN, from COVID–19. Hospitals have strug- struction, and for defense activities of the name of the Senator from Texas gled to secure enough personal protec- the Department of Energy, to prescribe (Mr. CRUZ) was added as a cosponsor of tive equipment to keep health workers military personnel strengths for such amendment No. 2370 intended to be pro- safe, testing levels remain inadequate, fiscal year, and for other purposes. posed to S. 4049, an original bill to au- and a breakthrough therapeutic, let alone a vaccine, has yet to be devel- AMENDMENT NO. 2352 thorize appropriations for fiscal year 2021 for military activities of the De- oped. At the request of Mr. HAWLEY, the partment of Defense, for military con- More than 41 million Americans have names of the Senator from Texas (Mr. struction, and for defense activities of been laid off, and the unemployment CRUZ) and the Senator from South Da- the Department of Energy, to prescribe rate is likely well over 20 percent. kota (Mr. ROUNDS) were added as co- military personnel strengths for such Large numbers of businesses have per- sponsors of amendment No. 2352 in- fiscal year, and for other purposes. manently closed due to the coronavirus tended to be proposed to S. 4049, an pandemic. AMENDMENT NO. 2374 original bill to authorize appropria- The commission that would be cre- tions for fiscal year 2021 for military At the request of Mr. MANCHIN, the ated by our bill would conduct a com- activities of the Department of De- name of the Senator from Mississippi prehensive review of the government’s fense, for military construction, and (Mr. WICKER) was added as a cosponsor coronavirus response and make rec- for defense activities of the Depart- of amendment No. 2374 intended to be ommendations on how we can be better ment of Energy, to prescribe military proposed to S. 4049, an original bill to prepared in the future. The commission personnel strengths for such fiscal authorize appropriations for fiscal year would complement other oversight ef- year, and for other purposes. 2021 for military activities of the De- forts in Congress and elsewhere. partment of Defense, for military con- AMENDMENT NO. 2361 The coronavirus commission would struction, and for defense activities of examine U.S. Government preparedness At the request of Mr. MANCHIN, the the Department of Energy, to prescribe in advance of this pandemic, the Fed- names of the Senator from Wyoming military personnel strengths for such eral Government’s response to it, and (Mr. BARRASSO), the Senator from fiscal year, and for other purposes. provide recommendations to improve Washington (Ms. CANTWELL), the Sen- AMENDMENT NO. 2383 our ability to respond to and recover ator from New Mexico (Mr. HEINRICH), At the request of Mr. DURBIN, the from future outbreaks, epidemics, and the Senator from Maryland (Mr. VAN names of the Senator from Vermont pandemics. HOLLEN), the Senator from Hawaii (Ms. (Mr. SANDERS) and the Senator from This legislation is modeled after and HIRONO), the Senator from Nevada (Ms. Oregon (Mr. MERKLEY) were added as closely mirrors legislation enacted in CORTEZ MASTO), the Senator from cosponsors of amendment No. 2383 in- 2002 that created the 9/11 Commission. Michigan (Ms. STABENOW), the Senator tended to be proposed to S. 4049, an The Coronavirus Commission would from Oregon (Mr. WYDEN), the Senator original bill to authorize appropria- be composed of 10 members, with the from Massachusetts (Mr. MARKEY), the tions for fiscal year 2021 for military same partisan balance as the 9/11 com- Senator from Washington (Mrs. MUR- activities of the Department of De- missioners and prohibited from being RAY), the Senator from New York (Mr. fense, for military construction, and current Federal officials, with a vari- SCHUMER), the Senator from New Jer- for defense activities of the Depart- ety of backgrounds in relevant fields, sey (Mr. BOOKER), the Senator from ment of Energy, to prescribe military including public health, epidemiology, New Mexico (Mr. UDALL), the Senator personnel strengths for such fiscal emergency preparedness, armed serv- from Maine (Mr. KING), the Senator year, and for other purposes. ices, and intelligence; provide a full ac- from Idaho (Mr. RISCH), the Senator counting to the President, Congress, from Minnesota (Ms. SMITH), the Sen- f and the American people of the facts ator from Delaware (Mr. COONS), the STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED and circumstances related to the out- Senator from New York (Mrs. GILLI- BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS break in the United States, including BRAND), the Senator from Ohio (Mr. our preparedness, the intelligence and By Mrs. FEINSTEIN (for herself, BROWN), the Senator from Idaho (Mr. information we had available before Ms. KLOBUCHAR, Ms. BALDWIN, CRAPO), the Senator from Illinois (Mr. the virus reached the United States, Mr. CASEY, Mr. REED, Mr. DURBIN) and the Senator from Cali- and how Federal, State, and local gov- BLUMENTHAL, Mr. MARKEY, Ms. fornia (Mrs. FEINSTEIN) were added as ernments, as well as the private sector, HARRIS, Ms. HIRONO, Mr. CAR- cosponsors of amendment No. 2361 in- responded to the crisis; hold hearings PER, Mr. VAN HOLLEN, Mrs. tended to be proposed to S. 4049, an and public events to obtain informa- GILLIBRAND, Mr. MERKLEY, Ms. original bill to authorize appropria- tion and to educate the public; possess SMITH, Ms. WARREN, and Mr. tions for fiscal year 2021 for military subpoena power to compel cooperation CARDIN): activities of the Department of De- by relevant witnesses and materials S. 4132. A bill to establish the Com- fense, for military construction, and from the Federal Government, as well mission on the COVID–19 Pandemic in for defense activities of the Depart- as State and local governments; make the United States; to the Committee ment of Energy, to prescribe military specific recommendations to Congress on Rules and Administration. personnel strengths for such fiscal and the executive branch to improve Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Mr. President, I year, and for other purposes. our preparedness for pandemic disease; rise to speak in support of the have adequate staffing and resources to AMENDMENT NO. 2364 Coronavirus Commission Act. Rep- be able to complete expeditiously the At the request of Mr. RUBIO, the resentative ADAM SCHIFF has intro- monumental task at hand so we can be names of the Senator from Nevada (Ms. duced companion legislation in the prepared for the next epidemic or pan- ROSEN), the Senator from New Jersey House. demic to hit the nation; and the com- (Mr. MENENDEZ), the Senator from This bill would establish a commis- mission would be established after Feb- Texas (Mr. CORNYN) and the Senator sion on the coronavirus pandemic to ruary 2021, hopefully when the pan- from Pennsylvania (Mr. CASEY) were better understand the vulnerabilities it demic has been overcome and after the added as cosponsors of amendment No. has revealed in our national security presidential election. 2364 intended to be proposed to S. 4049, and healthcare system and improve our The coronavirus showed just how un- an original bill to authorize appropria- preparedness for future crises. prepared and slow we were to respond tions for fiscal year 2021 for military It is crucial to improve our under- to a major outbreak, and that lack of activities of the Department of De- standing of pandemic threats and readiness has endangered lives. fense, for military construction, and health issues that the United States We were unable to ramp up testing, for defense activities of the Depart- could face in the coming decades to we had insufficient safety equipment ment of Energy, to prescribe military better protect our population and miti- for doctors and nurses, and we lacked personnel strengths for such fiscal gate the risk of a similar human and any kind of consistent Federal guide- year, and for other purposes. economic catastrophe. lines for States and cities.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00056 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.040 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4139 We know this will not be the last shall include in the annual report required the first programs of its kind, but at outbreak, so a 9/11 Commission-style by section 1701 of the International Finan- its core, this policy is basic common panel is necessary to fix these mistakes cial Institutions Act (22 U.S.C. 262r) a de- sense. When Americans truly need the going forward and apply the lessons scription of progress made toward advancing benefits, the benefits will be there. the policies described in subsection (a). from this pandemic to future crises. (c) TERMINATION.—Subsections (a) and (b) When the economy gets better, those I hope my colleagues will join me in shall have no force or effect after the earlier enhanced benefits will be reduced. The support of this bill. of— impetus for this legislation is common Thank you. (1) the date that is one year after the date sense. We should not allow the eco- of the enactment of this Act; or nomic security of the American people By Mr. DURBIN (for himself, Mr. (2) the date that is 30 days after the date to depend on the political whims of the SANDERS, Mr. REED, Mr. on which the Secretary of the Treasury sub- legislatures—Federal or State. CARDIN, and Mr. MERKLEY): mits to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Finan- When we passed the CARES Act over S. 4139. A bill to encourage support 2 months ago, Democrats knew the by international financial institutions cial Services of the House of Representatives a report stating that the SARS–CoV–2 virus extra $600 in weekly unemployment as- for a robust global response to the is no longer a serious threat to public health sistance was only a temporary salve for COVID–19 pandemic; to the Committee in any part of the world. struggling Americans. We had hoped on Foreign Relations. the economy would be able to bounce Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I ask By Mr. SCHUMER (for himself back and unemployment would quickly unanimous consent that the text of the and Mr. WYDEN): go down. Clearly, that is not the case bill be printed in the RECORD. S. 4143. A bill to extend the unem- today. There being no objection, the text of ployment insurance provisions of the Experts are warning us that the eco- the bill was ordered to be printed in Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic nomic drag from this crisis will take the RECORD, as follows: Security (CARES) Act for the duration years, if not a full decade, to fully S. 4139 of the economic recovery, and for other abate. Further action is very much Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- purposes; to the Committee on Fi- needed and very, very necessary. But resentatives of the United States of America in nance. for months, Republicans have doubled Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, now Congress assembled, and tripled down on their strategy of on the main topic this morning, I am SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. delaying action on COVID–19 relief leg- This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Support for proud to support Senator WYDEN and islation. They have kept the American Global Financial Institution Pandemic Re- Senator BENNET. As the number of people needlessly wondering if the help sponse Act of 2020’’. COVID–19 cases accelerates across they rely on will remain in place much SEC. 2. SUPPORT FOR A ROBUST GLOBAL RE- much of the country, the economic toll longer. SPONSE TO THE COVID–19 PAN- of this pandemic continues to fall hard DEMIC. We need to take the next step and tie on American families and American (a) UNITED STATES POLICIES AT THE INTER- unemployment benefits to economic workers. Over 33 million Americans—at NATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS.— triggers that will ensure that so long least one-fifth of the entire work- (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the as Americans are hurting, a safety net Treasury shall instruct the United States force—have now applied for unemploy- will remain in place—whether it is Executive Director of each international fi- ment assistance since the pandemic COVID–19 or any other economic dis- nancial institution (as defined in section began. 1701(c)(2) of the International Financial In- Democrats secured a crucial en- aster in the future that causes unem- stitutions Act (22 U.S.C. 262r(c)(2)) to use the hancement of that unemployment as- ployment to rise. That is how you give voice and vote of the United States at that sistance in the CARES Act—an extra the American people the kind of peace institution— of mind they need that they will not (A) to seek to ensure adequate fiscal space $600 a week, which, according to a study by Columbia University, pre- needlessly fall into poverty this year or for world economies in response to the global next year or the year after. coronavirus disease 2019 (commonly referred vented as many as 12 million Ameri- to as ‘‘COVID–19’’) pandemic through— cans from slipping into poverty. By the No doubt, this is a new idea. It would (i) the suspension of all debt service pay- end of this month, those emergency un- be one of the first programs of its kind. ments to the institution; and employment benefits will expire, but But we need to take this bold step for- (ii) the relaxation of fiscal targets for any unfortunately the high levels of unem- ward to guarantee that the Federal government operating a program supported ployment will not. Without an exten- Government effectively serves the by the institution, or seeking financing from American people in times of crisis. the institution, in response to the pandemic; sion of enhanced benefits, Americans (B) to oppose the approval or endorsement struggling without work will have There is a long road ahead before the of any loan, grant, document, or strategy their legs cut out from under them at U.S. economy gets back on its feet. In that would lead to a decrease in health care the worst possible time, in the middle many parts of the country, States are spending or in any other spending that would of a raging pandemic. reimposing restrictions on businesses, impede the ability of any country to prevent I am joining with my colleague, restaurants, and other places of em- or contain the spread of, or treat persons Ranking Member WYDEN of the Senate ployment to halt a renewed spread of who are or may be infected with, the SARS– Finance Committee, to introduce a bill the disease. Americans will continue to CoV–2 virus; and wonder, when can I get back to work? (C) to require approval of all Special Draw- that will serve as both a short-term so- ing Rights allocation transfers from wealthi- lution and a bold long-term strategy to I am proud to join my colleagues and er member countries to countries that are keep American workers and the Amer- champion this legislation to provide emerging markets or developing countries, ican economy afloat. I thank Senator unemployment benefits for as long as based on confirmation of implementable WYDEN for his help and Senator BENNET Americans need them—provide unem- transparency mechanisms or protocols to en- for his help. Together, we put together ployment benefits for as long as Ameri- sure the allocations are used for the public a very strong piece of legislation. cans need them. good and in response the global pandemic. Our bill, the Schumer-Wyden Amer- Before I yield, I want to thank my (2) IMF ISSUANCE OF SPECIAL DRAWING YDEN RIGHTS.—The Secretary of the Treasury shall ican Workforce Rescue Act, would do colleague Senator W for cham- instruct the United States Executive Direc- something very simple: It would tie the pioning this legislation as well. He has tor of the International Monetary Fund to extension of enhanced unemployment been a leading and fierce advocate for use the voice and vote of the United States benefits to economic data, not arbi- this policy in our caucus, and I am to support the issuance of a special alloca- trary political deadlines. As long as un- both grateful and proud to stand with tion of not less than 2,000,000,000,000 Special employment remains very high—over him this morning. I also thank Senator Drawing Rights so that governments are 11 percent—the enhanced benefits will BENNET, who is always thoughtful and able to access additional resources to finance stay in place. When unemployment thinking on to the future—one of the their responses to the global COVID–19 pan- demic. goes down, the benefits will phase out first Members to alert this Chamber (b) REPORT REQUIRED.—The Chairman of appropriately. and the country of the disparities in in- the National Advisory Council on Inter- This automatic stabilization for un- come and wealth distribution—and has national Monetary and Financial Policies employment benefits would be one of had vital input as well. We thank him.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00057 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.028 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4140 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 This policy is smart, it is timely, and the negotiations on unemployment issue. I will tell you, the American peo- it is forward-thinking. So it is no sur- benefits in the CARES Act. ple overwhelmingly support extending prise that my colleagues, Senator Secretary Scalia told those of us ne- supercharged unemployment benefits. WYDEN—one of the authors—and Sen- gotiating this issue that State UI sys- You see it in polls—polls done by cen- ator BENNET have had great input. tems—unemployment systems—were trist organizations. But more impor- Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- too outdated to make it work anytime tantly, you hear about it when you are sent that Senator WYDEN and then Sen- soon. These are Federal benefits, but home. ator BENNET be allowed to speak imme- under employment law, the States ad- Americans don’t buy Secretary diately after me for as much time as minister the program and get the bene- Scalia’s line about lazy workers or de- they may consume. fits out. pendence on the government. I can tell The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without We knew that there would be some you, based on the conversations I had objection, it is so ordered. challenges, and we proposed a simple with Oregonians, they don’t want any Mr. WYDEN. Mr. President, it is a solution: $600 extra per week across the handouts. They understand the country pleasure to be with Senator SCHUMER board, adding up to full wage replace- is facing a severe historic crisis of job- to advance the Schumer-Wyden legisla- ment for the typical worker. It was lessness, and they want the Congress to tive proposal today, and I am very clear that was the only possibility of act. You cannot have a healthy econ- pleased that we are joined by Senator getting the supercharged benefits out omy in a country suffering from mass BENNET, a particularly valuable mem- to millions of workers quickly. debt, particularly in the middle of a ber of the Senate Finance Committee, It hadn’t been easy. In a number of pandemic. who has worked on these issues for States, the unemployment systems run It would be an act of sabotage and, I many, many years. on Bronze Age technology. In some think, unthinkable cruelty to slash As Senator SCHUMER outlined, we are other cases—and Leader SCHUMER and I these benefits and send all these jobless talking about a fresh approach as we are inquiring into these right now—it families into destitution. That is why look to extending supercharged unem- is a case of Republican sabotage. That Senator SCHUMER and I have outlined ployment benefits for as long as our is why, for the long term, it is cer- this proposal to extend these super- economy suffers under the COVID–19 tainly worth looking at a Federal ap- charged unemployment benefits in a pandemic. As the ranking Democrat on proach for administering unemploy- manner that is tethered to economic the Finance Committee that produced ment benefits as a better strategy. conditions on the ground. the $600 extra benefit each week until But in today’s economic conditions, We always hear our colleagues talk July 31 and the breakthrough to cover dealing with the suffering we are see- about policies and the need for policies for the first time gig workers and the ing right now—the suffering that Tony that really mirror what is going on in self-employed and part-timers and oth- Fauci talked about yesterday that the real-world economy, in the private could hammer this country from sea to ers, I am going to take a few minutes sector. That is what this proposal does. shining sea—if you are dealing with to- to explain why this next step to create This proposal says we are going to tie day’s conditions and you want to get a dependable safety net in America is a the economic benefits; we are going to full-wage benefits out on time, there is no-brainer. tether them to economic conditions on no alternative to $600 per week across We know that tens of millions of the ground. the board. Furthermore, there is no Americans are out of work due to I saw our colleague from South Da- good argument for cutting or elimi- COVID–19. The pandemic is, in fact, kota, a Member of the Republican lead- nating benefits as long as the pandemic getting worse. Dr. Tony Fauci yester- ership, Senator THUNE, say that maybe is raging and getting worse. the benefits ought to taper down when day talked about the prospect of hav- On the one hand, we heard Secretary unemployment goes down. I looked at ing 100,000 new confirmed cases per day Scalia and other Republicans repeat nationwide. We don’t even want to the old line. They have been talking that, and I said that Democrats share imagine what the unemployment situa- against unemployment for ages, and that view. That is what our trigger pro- tion is going to look like with 100,000 they always say the problem is lazy posal is all about. You have to have new coronavirus cases every day. You workers dependent on government are them in a way that is going to make cannot have a healthy economy in a going to drag the economy down by sure people can pay rent and groceries, country suffering from mass death. collecting unemployment instead of which is what the $600 benefit made I know the President got up in the going back to their jobs. possible and will in the future. Rose Garden and celebrated the last On the other hand, Republicans have But when unemployment tapers jobs report like it was the greatest repeatedly said the economy is roaring down, then, under our proposal, we news since the end of World War II, but back to full employment so there is no make an accommodation for that. you have to be living in a country club need for extending benefits any longer. What we are going to do is common fantasy land to believe this economic You can’t have it both ways. You can’t sense. It provides certainty and pre- crisis is anywhere close to ending. have it both ways, that these workers dictability for American workers, but Tens of millions of Americans today are dragging the economy down and it will also send a message across the are out of work in States with COVID then talk about how everything is country that there is a policy that will hotspots. There are reports that people booming. make a more dependable safety net. who went back to work in the spring Regardless of how these arguments Yet it will also do what the head of the are getting laid off for a second time. conflict, neither one holds any water to Federal Reserve just said, which is to The numbers show that it dispropor- begin with. I believe it is an insult to make sure that family budgets, which tionately harms Black and Hispanic American workers to say they would are the ones that drive the American people suffering in this crisis, and the rather sit at home than work hard and economy, are ones where people can layoffs are hitting those Americans es- earn their pay. Our workers have a pay the rent and buy groceries. pecially hard in industries that pay strong working ethic, and how could The bottom line is we have a moral modest wages. This is a recipe for in- anybody believe in the greatness of obligation to not turn our back on justice and for long-term economic America, as the President is always those who are suffering. I am telling hardship. Our proposal is desperately talking about, and think so little of its you, the Senate is going to go home needed because the country is not on a workers? here in a day or so for several weeks, straight line to recovery. Second, it is time to quit pretending and Senators are going to hear loud Democrats demanded the super- to know whether the crisis is anywhere and clear that workers are concerned charged unemployment benefits be- near over. The number of people filing about whether, after July 31, they are cause workers are not to blame for the new unemployment claims every week, going to be able to pay the rent and be crisis. Doctors don’t yet have a cure for even now, is two and three times high- able to buy groceries. I think they are COVID–19, but the Congress does have a er than the worst single week of the worried, and I hear it from all parts of way to address the financial strain of Great Recession. my community—about a tsunami of joblessness. That is why Democrats de- Senators have a right to stake out evictions and people simply not being manded full wage replacement during whatever ground they want on this able to feed their families. I think

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00058 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.005 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4141 those who disagree with the Schumer- rising. Without these payments, wages If we go over that cliff and completely cut Wyden proposal ought to come out here across the entire economy would have off benefits, not only will it cut incomes by and say what they going to offer those declined by 10 percent from February 50 percent or 60 percent or 70 percent for lit- people who are hurting. to May. We completely offset that de- erally millions of Americans who can’t go back to work, but it will cause extreme dam- Influential objective thinkers about cline. age to the economy. You know what that means is that the economy, like Jerome Powell, are Nothing has kept our economy afloat working people actually were able to saying that these kinds of benefits are more than this investment in unem- continue to buy things in this econ- absolutely key to making sure that the ployment. Allowing these benefits to omy. The leader might be interested to family budget, which drives the Amer- expire would remove $50 billion a know that I was talking to an econo- ican economy, is going to be positioned month from the economy, reducing the mist recently, Raj Chetty, from Har- to pay the rent and buy groceries. GDP by 2.5 percent in the second half I gather from Leader SCHUMER’s re- vard, who has done a study, including of this year. That would lead to 2 mil- marks that I can yield to our Senator other places, of New York. That study lion jobs lost and a significant increase from Colorado, a particularly valuable shows that the biggest loss in terms of in the unemployment rate. So we member of the Finance Committee, consumer spending has come from the would be right back here again. We who has been working on safety net wealthiest areas in New York. That re- shouldn’t be doing that, at this point, issues for many, many years. sulted in the biggest unemployment. with this very fragile economy and Mr. BENNET. I would like to thank In other words, if you have a small when COVID–19 is spreading in far too Leader SCHUMER and the ranking mem- business in a wealthy area in New many places. ber of the Finance Committee, Senator York, your small business is cratering Some of the industries are facing ex- WYDEN, for bringing this commonsense because wealthy people aren’t spending proposal to the floor. money on services because they are treme crises in my State as well as I have long advocated for the idea scared of getting COVID. across the country. Hotels are pro- that we should tie benefits to the con- In other parts of New York, there has jected to suffer revenue losses of al- ditions of the economy rather than been much less destabilization, and most 60 percent in 2020. Between March simply politically convenient dates or that is because of these unemployment and May 2020, total restaurant sales inconvenient dates that don’t matter, benefits—directly because of these un- were down more than $94 billion from don’t make any sense to working peo- employment benefits—because where expected levels, and 90 percent of inde- ple in our country, and create idiotic the unemployment rate has gone up, pendent concert venues are at risk of fights here that don’t help the people people’s incomes have been able to be permanently closing down in a few we all have been sent here, in theory at stable. months without receiving additional least, to serve. I am the first to say that not every- relief. We can’t tell people who are Right now, we are facing an unprece- thing we have done with the CARES working in all of these industries— dented set of conditions in our country. Act has been perfect. As we know, the when there is no way these businesses We are being racked by an economic CARES Act left out too many families, will even be close to being 100 percent downturn. It is different from any that and too many States have been too in the near future—that they are just we have ever seen before and at the slow to get these benefits out. That is on their own. same time, we are facing this incred- the result of delivering benefits That is why we need to pass an ex- ible health crisis. One in six workers in through 50 different systems that have panded unemployment benefit that this country is unemployed. One in six been underfunded and undermined for continues after July. We should tie workers is unemployed today. 50 years. But once they have gotten that expanded benefit to the unemploy- But for once, thankfully, we were out, these benefits have made a trans- ment rate, as Senator SCHUMER and able to come together in a bipartisan formational difference. Everyone in the Senator WYDEN have designed, so that way in March and pass the CARES Act, Senate should be proud of that. it steps the benefit down as the econ- which is benefitting these workers in I come out here all the time and com- omy heals. That makes sense. Nobody two ways. plain how terrible this place is. I was here wants to be in a place at which First, we expanded unemployment amazed to hear the majority leader the unemployment benefit benefits to cover almost 10 million self- this morning talk about the ‘‘incom- disincentivizes people from working, employed workers, gig workers, and petence’’ of local officials. There is no which is why they step it down, but it others who are usually left behind in body in the world more incompetent needs to stay in place until this econ- circumstances like this. That is some- than this Senate. But here is a moment omy heals. thing we should have changed a long when we can actually be proud of some- It is the wrong approach for the time ago, but we finally got it done, thing that we did here. Even President country and for the working people in and we did it in a bipartisan way. Trump has been running campaign ads this country to send them over the cliff Second, as Leader SCHUMER and Sen- touting these benefits. Even as he is right now, and it will be the wrong ap- ator WYDEN said, we added $600 per running these ads—which, as Senator proach to send them over the cliff in 6 week to normal unemployment bene- WYDEN said, he is running because this months or even in 2 years if the unem- fits for all 30 million workers claiming unemployment benefit is popular—he ployment rate is still elevated. We benefits. That $600 weekly benefit has is threatening the take away the ben- need to extend expanded unemploy- prevented a level of severe hardship efit by allowing the $600 to sunset at ment benefits, and we need to do it that is almost impossible to describe. the end of July. That would be a pro- until the economy recovers. It is the It has paid rent and prevented evic- found mistake. right thing for the workers and fami- tions. It has kept food on the table so Right now, even with these enhanced lies who are wondering how they are families don’t go hungry. It has kept benefits in place, 17 percent of Amer- going to get through one of the most the lights on and paid for the internet ican families can’t cover 3 months of difficult challenges of their lives. It is so our kids can learn. The bottom line basic expenses. Without the extra bene- the right thing to do for the broader is that the $600 weekly payment has fits, that number wouldn’t be 17 per- economy in order for it to come back been an essential lifeline to families in cent. It would be 43 percent, almost as strongly as it can as we work toward the middle of the worst economic crisis half of the families in our country. a vaccine. since the Great Depression. Today, nearly 10 percent of Americans I thank my colleagues again for their In Colorado alone, over 450,000 work- can’t make the rent. Without the extra tremendous leadership. I hope that we ers are receiving the expanded benefit, benefits, that number would double or will be able to work on this in a bipar- and it has put a total of nearly $2.5 bil- triple. tisan way, as we did before, and that lion into our economy. Nationwide, the If we let these benefits expire, we are we will be able to pass these extensions numbers are staggering. One analysis going to throw tens of millions of for the American people. showed that these additional payments Americans who rely on them into a Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, I ask help keep 12 million Americans out of profound financial crisis. We will be unanimous consent that the text of the poverty and keep poverty rates from cutting their monthly income by $2,400. bill be printed in the RECORD.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00059 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G01JY6.081 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4142 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 There being no objection, the text of ployment period described in subparagraph ‘‘(aa) were applied by substituting ‘9.0 per- the bill was ordered to be printed in (B)(ii), $200. cent but less than 10.0 percent’ for ‘6.5’ in the RECORD, as follows: ‘‘(iii) THIRD TIER AMOUNT.—In the case of paragraph (1)(A)(i) thereof; and weeks beginning in a third tier high unem- ‘‘(bb) did not include the requirement S. 4143 ployment period described in subparagraph under paragraph (1)(A)(ii) thereof. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- (B)(iii), $300. ‘‘(v) FIFTH TIER.—For purposes of subpara- resentatives of the United States of America in ‘‘(iv) FOURTH TIER AMOUNT.—In the case of graph (A)(v), a fifth tier high unemployment Congress assembled, weeks beginning in a fourth tier high unem- period described in this clause is, with re- SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. ployment period described in subparagraph spect to a State, any period during which an (a) SHORT TILE.—This Act may be cited as (B)(iv), $400. extended benefit period would be in effect for the ‘‘American Workforce Rescue Act of the State under the Federal-State Extended ‘‘(v) FIFTH TIER AMOUNT.—In the case of 2020’’. weeks beginning in a third tier high unem- Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 (26 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of con- U.S.C. 3304 note) if— ployment period described in subparagraph tents of this Act is as follows: ‘‘(I) section 203(f) of such Act were applied (B)(v), $500. Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. to such State (regardless of whether the ‘‘(vi) SIXTH TIER AMOUNT.—In the case of Sec. 2. Extension of Federal Pandemic Un- State by law had provided for such applica- employment Compensation. weeks beginning in a fourth tier high unem- tion); and Sec. 3. Extension and expansion of the pan- ployment period described in subparagraph ‘‘(II) such section 203(f)— demic emergency unemploy- (B)(vi), $600. ‘‘(aa) were applied by substituting ‘10.0 per- ment compensation program. ‘‘(B) HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT PERIODS.— cent but less than 11.0 percent’ for ‘6.5’ in Sec. 4. Extension of pandemic unemploy- ‘‘(i) FIRST TIER.—For purposes of subpara- paragraph (1)(A)(i) thereof; and ment assistance. graph (A)(i), a first tier high unemployment ‘‘(bb) did not include the requirement Sec. 5. Extension of additional unemploy- period described in this clause is, with re- under paragraph (1)(A)(ii) thereof. ment compensation provisions. spect to a State, any period during which an ‘‘(vi) SIXTH TIER.—For purposes of subpara- SEC. 2. EXTENSION OF FEDERAL PANDEMIC UN- extended benefit period would be in effect for graph (A)(vi), a sixth tier high unemploy- EMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION. the State under the Federal-State Extended ment period described in this clause is, with (a) EXTENSION.—Section 2104(e) of the Re- Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970 (26 respect to a State, any period during which lief for Workers Affected by Coronavirus Act U.S.C. 3304 note) if— an extended benefit period would be in effect (contained in subtitle A of title II of division ‘‘(I) section 203(f) of such Act were applied for the State under the Federal-State Ex- A of the CARES Act (Public Law 116–136)) is to such State (regardless of whether the tended Unemployment Compensation Act of amended to read as follows: State by law had provided for such applica- 1970 (26 U.S.C. 3304 note) if— ‘‘(e) APPLICABILITY.— tion); and ‘‘(I) section 203(f) of such Act were applied ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—An agreement entered ‘‘(II) such section 203(f)— to such State (regardless of whether the into under this section shall apply to weeks ‘‘(aa) were applied by substituting ‘6.0 per- State by law had provided for such applica- of unemployment— cent but less than 7.0 percent’ for ‘6.5’ in tion); and ‘‘(A) beginning after the date on which paragraph (1)(A)(i) thereof; and ‘‘(II) such section 203(f)— such agreement is entered into; and ‘‘(bb) did not include the requirement ‘‘(aa) were applied by substituting ‘11.0 per- ‘‘(B) ending on or before the applicable end under paragraph (1)(A)(ii) thereof. cent’ for ‘6.5’ in paragraph (1)(A)(i) thereof; date described in paragraph (2). ‘‘(ii) SECOND TIER.—For purposes of sub- and ‘‘(2) APPLICABLE END DATE.— paragraph (A)(ii), a second tier high unem- ‘‘(bb) did not include the requirement ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The applicable end date ployment period described in this clause is, under paragraph (1)(A)(ii) thereof. described in this paragraph with respect to a with respect to a State, any period during ‘‘(C) SPECIAL RULES.— State is the date that is 13 weeks after the which an extended benefit period would be in ‘‘(i) MINIMUM PERIOD ON A TIER BEFORE MOV- first date (after the date the State entered effect for the State under the Federal-State ING TO A LOWER TIER.—Once a State is in a into an agreement under this section) that Extended Unemployment Compensation Act high unemployment period tier described in the State is not in an extended benefit period of 1970 (26 U.S.C. 3304 note) if— clause (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), or (vi) of subpara- described in subparagraph (B). ‘‘(I) section 203(f) of such Act were applied graph (B), the State may not move to a ‘‘(B) EXTENDED BENEFIT PERIOD.—For pur- to such State (regardless of whether the lower high unemployment period tier (re- poses of subparagraph (A), a State shall be State by law had provided for such applica- sulting in a lower dollar amount under sub- considered to be in an extended benefit pe- tion); and paragraph (A)) before the State has been in riod, as of any given day, if such a period ‘‘(II) such section 203(f)— the existing high unemployment period tier would then be in effect for such State under ‘‘(aa) were applied by substituting ‘7.0 per- for a period of at least 13 consecutive weeks. the Federal-State Extended Unemployment cent but less than 8.0 percent’ for ‘6.5’ in ‘‘(ii) DEEMED FIRST TIER.—For purposes of Compensation Act of 1970 (26 U.S.C. 3304 paragraph (1)(A)(i) thereof; and determining the amount of Federal Pan- note) if— ‘‘(bb) did not include the requirement demic Unemployment Compensation during ‘‘(i) section 203(f) of such Act were applied under paragraph (1)(A)(ii) thereof. the 13-week period described in subsection to such State (regardless of whether the ‘‘(iii) THIRD TIER.—For purposes of sub- (e)(2)(A) with respect to a State, the State State by law had provided for such applica- paragraph (A)(iii), a third tier high unem- shall be deemed to be in a first tier high un- tion); and ployment period described in this clause is, employment period described in subpara- ‘‘(ii) such section 203(f)— with respect to a State, any period during graph (B)(i) during such period.’’. ‘‘(I) were applied by substituting ‘6.0’ for SEC. 3. EXTENSION AND EXPANSION OF THE PAN- ‘6.5’ in paragraph (1)(A)(i) thereof; and which an extended benefit period would be in effect for the State under the Federal-State DEMIC EMERGENCY UNEMPLOY- ‘‘(II) did not include the requirement under MENT COMPENSATION PROGRAM. Extended Unemployment Compensation Act paragraph (1)(A)(ii) thereof.’’. (a) EXTENSION.—Section 2107(g) of the Re- of 1970 (26 U.S.C. 3304 note) if— (b) REVISION OF AMOUNT.—Section 2104(b) lief for Workers Affected by Coronavirus Act of the Relief for Workers Affected by ‘‘(I) section 203(f) of such Act were applied (contained in subtitle A of title II of division Coronavirus Act (contained in subtitle A of to such State (regardless of whether the A of the CARES Act (Public Law 116–136)) is title II of division A of the CARES Act (Pub- State by law had provided for such applica- amended to read as follows: lic Law 116–136)) is amended— tion); and ‘‘(g) APPLICABILITY.— (1) in paragraph (1)(B), by inserting ‘‘(or, ‘‘(II) such section 203(f)— ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraphs (2) for weeks of unemployment beginning after ‘‘(aa) were applied by substituting ‘8.0 per- and (3), an agreement entered into under this July 31, 2020, and ending on or before the ap- cent but less than 9.0 percent’ for ‘6.5’ in section shall apply, with respect to a State, plicable end date described in subsection paragraph (1)(A)(i) thereof; and to weeks of unemployment— (e)(2) the amount described in paragraph ‘‘(bb) did not include the requirement ‘‘(A) beginning after the date on which (3))’’ after ‘‘$600’’; and under paragraph (1)(A)(ii) thereof. such agreement is entered into; and (2) by adding at the end the following new ‘‘(iv) FOURTH TIER.—For purposes of sub- ‘‘(B) ending on or before the applicable end paragraph: paragraph (A)(iv), a fourth tier high unem- date described in paragraph (2). ‘‘(3) AMOUNT OF FEDERAL PANDEMIC UNEM- ployment period described in this clause is, ‘‘(2) APPLICABLE END DATE.— PLOYMENT COMPENSATION.— with respect to a State, any period during ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The applicable end date ‘‘(A) TIERS.—The amount described in this which an extended benefit period would be in described in this paragraph with respect to a paragraph is, with respect to a State, the fol- effect for the State under the Federal-State State is the later of— lowing amount: Extended Unemployment Compensation Act ‘‘(i) March 27, 2021; or ‘‘(i) FIRST TIER AMOUNT.—In the case of of 1970 (26 U.S.C. 3304 note) if— ‘‘(ii) if, as of the date under clause (i), the weeks beginning in a first tier high unem- ‘‘(I) section 203(f) of such Act were applied State is in an extended benefit period de- ployment period described in subparagraph to such State (regardless of whether the scribed in subparagraph (B), the first date (B)(i), $100. State by law had provided for such applica- after the date under clause (i) that the State ‘‘(ii) SECOND TIER AMOUNT.—In the case of tion); and is not in an extended benefit period described weeks beginning in a second tier high unem- ‘‘(II) such section 203(f)— in subparagraph (B).

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00060 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.039 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4143

‘‘(B) EXTENDED BENEFIT PERIOD.—For pur- ‘‘(C) LIMITATION.—The account of an indi- ‘‘(iv) that individual would qualify for a poses of subparagraph (A), a State shall be vidual may be augmented not more than new benefit year in which the weekly benefit considered to be in an extended benefit pe- once under this subsection. amount of regular compensation is at least riod, as of any given day, if such a period ‘‘(5) THIRD-TIER PANDEMIC EMERGENCY UN- either $100 or 25 percent less than the indi- would then be in effect for such State under EMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION.— vidual’s weekly benefit amount in the ben- the Federal-State Extended Unemployment ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—If, at the time that the efit year referred to in clause (i), Compensation Act of 1970 (26 U.S.C. 3304 amount added to an individual’s account then the State shall determine eligibility for note) if— under paragraph (4) is exhausted, or at any compensation as provided in subparagraph ‘‘(i) section 203(f) of such Act were applied time thereafter, such individual’s State is in (B). to such State (regardless of whether the an extended benefit period (as determined ‘‘(B) DETERMINATION OF ELIGIBILITY.—For State by law had provided for such applica- under subparagraph (B)), such account shall individuals described in subparagraph (A), tion); and be augmented by an amount (in this section the State shall determine whether the indi- ‘‘(ii) such section 203(f)— referred to as ‘third-tier pandemic emer- vidual is to be paid pandemic emergency un- ‘‘(I) were applied by substituting ‘5.5’ for gency unemployment compensation’) equal employment compensation or regular com- ‘6.5’ in paragraph (1)(A)(i) thereof; and to 13 times the individual’s average weekly pensation for a week of unemployment using ‘‘(II) did not include the requirement under benefit amount, which includes the amount one of the following methods: paragraph (1)(A)(ii) thereof. of Federal Pandemic Unemployment Com- ‘‘(i) The State shall, if permitted by State ‘‘(3) TRANSITION FOR AMOUNT REMAINING IN pensation under section 2104, for the benefit law, establish a new benefit year, but defer ACCOUNT.— year. the payment of regular compensation with ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Subject to subparagraph ‘‘(B) EXTENDED BENEFIT PERIOD.—For pur- respect to that new benefit year until ex- (B), in the case of an individual who has poses of subparagraph (A), a State shall be haustion of all pandemic emergency unem- amounts remaining in an account estab- considered to be in an extended benefit pe- ployment compensation payable with respect lished under subsection (b) as of the last day riod, as of any given time, if such a period to the benefit year referred to in subpara- of the last week (as determined in accord- would then be in effect for such State under graph (A)(i). ance with the applicable State law) ending the Federal-State Extended Unemployment ‘‘(ii) The State shall, if permitted by State on or before the date described in paragraph Compensation Act of 1970 (26 U.S.C. 3304 law, defer the establishment of a new benefit (1)(B), pandemic emergency unemployment note) if— year (which uses all the wages and employ- compensation shall continue to be payable to ‘‘(i) section 203(f) of such Act were applied ment which would have been used to estab- such individual from such amounts for any to such State (regardless of whether the lish a benefit year but for the application of week beginning after such date for which the State by law had provided for such applica- this subparagraph), until exhaustion of all individual meets the eligibility requirements tion); and pandemic emergency unemployment com- of this section. ‘‘(ii) such section 203(f)— pensation payable with respect to the benefit ‘‘(I) were applied by substituting ‘7.5’ for ‘‘(B) LIMITATION.—No compensation shall year referred to in subparagraph (A)(i). ‘6.5’ in paragraph (1)(A)(i) thereof; and be payable by reason of paragraph (1) for any ‘‘(iii) The State shall pay, if permitted by ‘‘(II) did not include the requirement under week beginning after the date that is 4 State law— paragraph (1)(A)(ii) thereof. months after the date described in paragraph ‘‘(I) regular compensation equal to the ‘‘(C) LIMITATION.—The account of an indi- (1)(B).’’. weekly benefit amount established under the vidual may be augmented not more than new benefit year; and (b) EXPANSION.—Section 2107(b) of the Re- once under this subsection. ‘‘(II) pandemic emergency unemployment lief for Workers Affected by Coronavirus Act ‘‘(6) FOURTH-TIER PANDEMIC EMERGENCY UN- compensation equal to the difference be- (contained in subtitle A of title II of division EMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION.— tween that weekly benefit amount and the A of the CARES Act (Public Law 116–136)) is ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—If, at the time that the weekly benefit amount for the expired ben- amended— amount added to an individual’s account (1) by striking paragraph (2) and redesig- under paragraph (5) is exhausted, or at any efit year. nating paragraph (3) as paragraph (2); and time thereafter, such individual’s State is in ‘‘(iv) The State shall determine rights to (2) by adding at the end the following new an extended benefit period (as determined pandemic emergency unemployment com- paragraphs: under subparagraph (B)), such account shall pensation without regard to any rights to ‘‘(3) FIRST-TIER PANDEMIC EMERGENCY UN- be augmented by an amount (in this section regular compensation if the individual elects EMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION.—The amount referred to as ‘fourth-tier pandemic emer- to not file a claim for regular compensation established in an account under paragraph gency unemployment compensation’) equal under the new benefit year.’’. (1) shall be equal to 13 times the individual’s to 13 times the individual’s average weekly SEC. 4. EXTENSION OF PANDEMIC UNEMPLOY- average weekly benefit amount, which in- benefit amount, which includes the amount MENT ASSISTANCE. cludes the amount of Federal Pandemic Un- of Federal Pandemic Unemployment Com- employment Compensation under section pensation under section 2104, for the benefit Section 2102 of the Relief for Workers Af- 2104, for the benefit year. year. fected by Coronavirus Act (contained in sub- ‘‘(4) SECOND-TIER PANDEMIC EMERGENCY UN- ‘‘(B) EXTENDED BENEFIT PERIOD.—For pur- title A of title II of division A of the CARES EMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION.— poses of subparagraph (A), a State shall be Act (Public Law 116–136)) is amended— ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—If, at the time that the considered to be in an extended benefit pe- (1) in subsection (c)— amount added to an individual’s account riod, as of any given time, if such a period (A) in paragraph (1)(A)(ii), by striking ‘‘De- under paragraph (3) (in this section referred would then be in effect for such State under cember 31, 2020’’ and inserting ‘‘the applica- to as ‘first-tier pandemic emergency unem- the Federal-State Extended Unemployment ble end date described in section 2107(g)(2)’’; ployment compensation’) is exhausted, or at Compensation Act of 1970 (26 U.S.C. 3304 and any time thereafter, such individual’s State note) if— (B) by amending paragraph (2) to read as is in an extended benefit period (as deter- ‘‘(i) section 203(f) of such Act were applied follows: mined under subparagraph (B)), such account to such State (regardless of whether the ‘‘(2) LIMITATION ON DURATION OF ASSIST- shall be augmented by an amount (in this State by law had provided for such applica- ANCE.— section referred to as ‘second-tier pandemic tion); and ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The total number of emergency unemployment compensation’) ‘‘(ii) such section 203(f)— weeks for which a covered individual may re- equal to 13 times the individual’s average ‘‘(I) were applied by substituting ‘8.5’ for ceive assistance under this section shall not weekly benefit amount, which includes the ‘6.5’ in paragraph (1)(A)(i) thereof; and exceed 39 weeks and such total shall include amount of Federal Pandemic Unemployment ‘‘(II) did not include the requirement under any week for which the covered individual Compensation under section 2104, for the paragraph (1)(A)(ii) thereof. received regular compensation or extended benefit year. ‘‘(C) LIMITATION.—The account of an indi- benefits under any Federal or State law, or ‘‘(B) EXTENDED BENEFIT PERIOD.—For pur- vidual may be augmented not more than pandemic emergency unemployment com- poses of subparagraph (A), a State shall be once under this subsection. pensation under section 2107, except that if considered to be in an extended benefit pe- ‘‘(7) COORDINATION OF PANDEMIC EMERGENCY after March 27, 2020, the duration of extended riod, as of any given time, if such a period UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION WITH REGULAR benefits, or pandemic emergency unemploy- would then be in effect for such State under COMPENSATION.— ment compensation under section 2107 is ex- the Federal-State Extended Unemployment ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—If— tended, the 39-week period described in this Compensation Act of 1970 (26 U.S.C. 3304 ‘‘(i) an individual has been determined to paragraph shall be extended by— note) if— be entitled to pandemic emergency unem- ‘‘(i) the number of weeks that is equal to ‘‘(i) section 203(f) of such Act were applied ployment compensation with respect to a the number of weeks by which the extended to such State (regardless of whether the benefit year; benefits were extended; and State by law had provided for such applica- ‘‘(ii) that benefit year has expired; ‘‘(ii) in the case of an extension of pan- tion); and ‘‘(iii) that individual has remaining enti- demic emergency unemployment compensa- ‘‘(ii) such section 203(f) did not include the tlement to pandemic emergency unemploy- tion under section 2107, by the number of requirement under paragraph (1)(A)(ii) there- ment compensation with respect to that ben- weeks that is equal to the additional number of. efit year; and of weeks (through augmentation) available

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00061 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.039 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4144 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 with respect to the State in which the indi- the Relief for Workers Affected by United States Air Force annual purchase of vidual resides under paragraphs (4), (5), and Coronavirus Act (contained in subtitle A of precision-guided munitions, would enhance (6) of section 2107(b). title II of division A of the CARES Act (Pub- the security of both the United States and ‘‘(B) EXTENSION OF ASSISTANCE.—For the lic Law 116–136)) is amended by striking ‘‘De- Israel by— purpose of an extension of the 39-week period cember 31, 2020’’ and inserting ‘‘the applica- (A) promoting a more efficient use of de- under subparagraph (A), the following rules ble end date described in section 2107(g)(2)’’. fense resources by taking advantage of shall apply: (f) TEMPORARY ASSISTANCE FOR STATES economies of scale; ‘‘(i) TRANSITION PERIOD.— Section 2107(g)(3) WITH ADVANCES.—Section 1202(b)(10)(A) of (B) enabling the United States and Israel shall apply to any extension of assistance the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. to address crisis requirements for precision- under subparagraph (A). 1322(b)(10)(A)) is amended by striking ‘‘De- guided munitions in a timely and flexible ‘‘(ii) ACCOUNTS AND GRANDFATHERING.—In cember 31, 2020’’ and inserting ‘‘the applica- manner; and determining the number of weeks available ble end date described in section 2107(g)(2) of (C) encouraging the defense industrial base for a covered individual under an extension the Relief for Workers Affected by to maintain routine production lines of pre- described in subparagraph (A)(ii), the Sec- Coronavirus Act (contained in subtitle A of cision-guided munitions. retary shall apply rules that are similar to title II of division A of the CARES Act)’’. f the rules described in paragraphs (4), (5), and (g) FULL FEDERAL FUNDING OF EXTENDED (6) of section 2107(b), including with respect UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION FOR A LIMITED SENATE RESOLUTION 641—DESIG- to accounts and grandfathering.’’; PERIOD.—Subsections (a) and (b) of section NATING APRIL 13, 2020, AS ‘‘NA- (2) in subsection (h), by striking ‘‘section 4105 of the Emergency Unemployment Insur- TIONAL BORINQUENEERS DAY’’ ance Stabilization and Access Act of 2020 625’’ each place it appears and inserting Mr. SCOTT of Florida (for himself, ‘‘part 625’’; and (contained in division D of the Families (3) by adding at the end the following: First Coronavirus Response Act (Public Law Mr. RUBIO, and Mr. MENENDEZ) sub- ‘‘(i) UNEMPLOYMENT RATE CALCULATION FOR 116–127)) are each amended by striking ‘‘De- mitted the following resolution; which CERTAIN TERRITORIES.—In the case of Guam, cember 31, 2020’’ and inserting ‘‘the applica- was considered and agreed to: American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the ble end date described in section 2107(g)(2) of S. RES 641 Northern Mariana Islands, the Federated the Relief for Workers Affected by Whereas, in 1898, Puerto Rico became a ter- States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Coronavirus Act (contained in subtitle A of ritory of the United States and, the fol- Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Palau, title II of division A of the CARES Act)’’. lowing year, Congress authorized raising a the following rules shall apply: military unit of volunteer soldiers on the is- ‘‘(1) For the purposes of subsection By Mr. JOHNSON (for himself, land, which was organized as the ‘‘Puerto (c)(1)(A)(ii) of this section, the Secretary Mr. PETERS, Mrs. CAPITO, Mr. Rico Regiment of Volunteer Infantry’’; shall determine the total unemployment LANKFORD, Mr. INHOFE, and Mr. Whereas, in 1908, Congress incorporated the rate of the territory in a manner similar to CARPER): regiment as part of the regular United the manner under section 2107(g)(2). States Army as the ‘‘Puerto Rico Regiment ‘‘(2) For the purpose of subsection (c)(2)(B) S. 4148. A bill to extend the Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards of Infantry’’; of this section, the Secretary shall deter- Whereas, in 1917, after the United States’ mine the total unemployment rate of the Program of the Department of Home- land Security, and for other purposes; entry into World War I, the Puerto Rico territory in a manner similar to the manner Regiment of Infantry was sent to Panama to under paragraphs (4), (5), and (6) of section considered and passed. defend the Panama Canal Zone; 2107(b). S. 4148 Whereas, in 1920, Congress redesignated the ‘‘(3) For the purpose of subsection (d)(2) of Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- unit as the 65th Infantry Regiment of the this section, the Secretary shall determine resentatives of the United States of America in United States Army; the total unemployment rate of the territory Congress assembled, Whereas during World War II, the 65th In- in a manner similar to the manner under fantry Regiment served in North Africa and section 2104(b)(3)(B).’’. SECTION 1. EXTENSION OF CHEMICAL FACILITY ANTI-TERRORISM STANDARDS PRO- Europe, including combat operations in SEC. 5. EXTENSION OF ADDITIONAL UNEMPLOY- GRAM OF THE DEPARTMENT OF France and Germany for which members of MENT COMPENSATION PROVISIONS. HOMELAND SECURITY. the unit received commendations for valiant (a) EMERGENCY UNEMPLOYMENT RELIEF FOR (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 5 of the Pro- service, including 1 Distinguished Service GOVERNMENTAL ENTITIES AND NONPROFIT OR- tecting and Securing Chemical Facilities Cross, 2 Silver Stars, 2 Bronze Stars, and 90 GANIZATIONS.—Section 903(i)(1)(D) of the So- from Terrorist Attacks Act of 2014 (Public Purple Hearts; cial Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1103(i)(1)(D)) is Law 113–254; 6 U.S.C. 621 note) is amended by Whereas, in 1950, the 65th Infantry Regi- amended by striking ‘‘December 31, 2020’’ and striking ‘‘July 23, 2020’’ and inserting ‘‘July inserting ‘‘the applicable end date described ment deployed to South Korea, and during 27, 2023’’. in section 2107(g)(2) of the Relief for Workers the voyage the soldiers nicknamed the unit (b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendment Affected by Coronavirus Act (contained in the ‘‘Borinqueneers’’, a reference to the na- made by subsection (a) shall take effect on ´ subtitle A of title II of division A of the tive Taıno Tribe’s name for the island of the date that is 1 day after the date of enact- CARES Act)’’. Puerto Rico; ment of this Act. (b) TEMPORARY FULL FEDERAL FUNDING OF Whereas during the Korean War, the 65th THE FIRST WEEK OF COMPENSABLE REGULAR Infantry Regiment (hereinafter, the UNEMPLOYMENT FOR STATES WITH NO WAIT- SENATE RESOLUTION 640—TO EX- ‘‘Borinqueneers’’) engaged in substantial ING WEEK.—Section 2105(e)(2) of the Relief for PRESS THE SENSE OF THE SEN- combat operations on the Korean Peninsula, Workers Affected by Coronavirus Act (con- ATE ON UNITED STATES-ISRAEL and the unit played a central role in several tained in subtitle A of title II of division A important offensives and counter-offensives COOPERATION ON PRECISION- that earned it well-deserved admiration and of the CARES Act (Public Law 116–136)) is GUIDED MUNITIONS amended by striking ‘‘December 31, 2020’’ and commendation; inserting ‘‘the applicable end date described Mr. ROUNDS submitted the fol- Whereas the Borinqueneers’ extraordinary in section 2107(g)(2)’’. lowing resolution; which was referred service during the Korean War resulted in (c) TEMPORARY FINANCING OF SHORT-TIME to the Committee on Foreign Rela- the Regiment receiving 2 Presidential Unit Citations (Army and Navy), 2 Republic of COMPENSATION PAYMENTS IN STATES WITH tions: PROGRAMS IN LAW.—Section 2108(b)(2) of the Korea Presidential Unit Citations, a Meri- Relief for Workers Affected by Coronavirus S. RES. 640 torious Unit Commendation (Army), a Navy Act (contained in subtitle A of title II of di- Resolved, That it is the sense of the Senate Unit Commendation, the Chryssoun Aristion vision A of the CARES Act (Public Law 116– that— Andrias (Bravery Gold Medal of Greece), and 136)) is amended by striking ‘‘December 31, (1) the Department of Defense has cooper- campaign participation credits for United 2020’’ and inserting ‘‘the applicable end date ated extensively with Israel to assist in the Nations Offensive, Chinese Communist described in section 2107(g)(2)’’. procurement of precision-guided munitions, Forces (CCF) Intervention, First United Na- (d) TEMPORARY FINANCING OF SHORT-TIME and such cooperation represents an impor- tions Counteroffensive, CCF Spring Offen- COMPENSATION AGREEMENTS.—Section tant example of robust United States sup- sive, United Nations Summer-Fall Offensive, 2109(d)(2) of the Relief for Workers Affected port for Israel; Second Korean Winter, Korea Summer-Fall by Coronavirus Act (contained in subtitle A (2) to the extent practicable, the Secretary 1952, Third Korean Winter, and Korea Sum- of title II of division A of the CARES Act of Defense should take further measures to mer 1953; (Public Law 116–136)) is amended by striking expedite deliveries of precision-guided muni- Whereas the Borinqueneers’ extraordinary ‘‘December 31, 2020’’ and inserting ‘‘the appli- tions to Israel; and service during the Korean War also resulted cable end date described in section (3) regularized annual purchases of preci- in numerous individual commendations and 2107(g)(2)’’. sion-guided munitions by Israel, in accord- awards for its soldiers, including 1 Medal of (e) WAIVER OF THE 7-DAY WAITING PERIOD ance with existing requirements and prac- Honor, 9 Distinguished Service Crosses, more FOR BENEFITS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEM- tices regarding the export of defense articles than 250 Silver Stars, more than 600 Bronze PLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT.—Section 2112(a) of and defense services, coordinated with the Stars, and more than 2,700 Purple Hearts;

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00062 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.039 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4145 Whereas, in 1956, the 65th Infantry Regi- egies that allowed her to function in public SENATE RESOLUTION 643—RECOG- ment was deactivated from the regular life; NIZING THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF United States Army and, in 1959, its units Whereas, in 1973, at the age of 53, Annie AFRICAN AMERICANS TO THE and regimental number were assigned to the Glenn participated in an intensive speech MUSICAL HERITAGE OF THE Puerto Rico National Guard; program at the Communications Research UNITED STATES AND THE NEED Whereas, in 1982, the United States Army Institute at Hollins University in Roanoke, FOR GREATER ACCESS TO MUSIC Center of Military History officially author- Virginia, that gave her the skills to trans- ized designating the 65th Infantry Regiment form the stutter and become an avid public EDUCATION FOR AFRICAN-AMER- as the ‘‘Borinqueneers’’; and speaker; ICAN STUDENTS AND DESIG- Whereas, on April 13, 2016, Congress award- Whereas, following the speech program, NATING JUNE 2020 AS AFRICAN- ed the Congressional Gold Medal to the 65th Annie Glenn played a leading role during the AMERICAN MUSIC APPRECIATION Infantry Regiment in recognition of the subsequent political campaigns of her hus- MONTH Borinqueneers’ numerous contributions to band, John Glenn; American history and outstanding military Mr. BOOKER (for himself, Ms. HAR- service from World War I through the recent Whereas, in 1983, Annie Glenn received an conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq: Now, award from the American Speech and Hear- RIS, Mr. DURBIN, Ms. KLOBUCHAR, Mr. therefore, be it ing Association for ‘‘providing an inspiring BROWN, Mr. KAINE, Mrs. FEINSTEIN, Mr. Resolved, That the Senate— model for people with communicative dis- JONES, and Mr. COONS) submitted the (1) designates April 13, 2020, as ‘‘National orders’’; following resolution; which was re- Whereas, in 1987, the National Association Borinqueneers Day’’; ferred to the Committee on the Judici- (2) recognizes the bravery, service, and sac- for Hearing and Speech honored Annie Glenn rifice of the Puerto Rican soldiers of the 65th by presenting the first annual ‘‘Annie Glenn ary: Infantry Regiment in the armed conflicts of Award’’ for achieving distinction despite S. RES. 643 the United States in the 20th and 21st cen- having a communicative disorder to actor Whereas spirituals, ragtime, blues, jazz, turies; James Earl Jones; gospel, classical composition, and countless (3) expresses deep gratitude for the con- Whereas other notable recipients of the other categories of music have been created tributions to the Armed Forces that have Annie Glenn Award include actress Julie An- or enhanced by African Americans and are been made by hundreds of thousands of patri- drews, Representative Gabby Giffords, jour- otic United States citizens from Puerto Rico; etched into the history and culture of the nalist Bob Woodruff, and Vice President Joe United States; and Biden; (4) urges individuals and communities Whereas the first Africans transported to Whereas Annie Glenn, as an active commu- across the United States to participate in ac- the United States came from a variety of nity member, advocated on behalf of chil- tivities that are designed— ethnic groups with a long history of distinct dren, the elderly, and individuals with dis- (A) to celebrate the distinguished service and cultivated musical traditions, brought of the military veterans who served in the abilities; musical instruments with them, and built 65th Infantry Regiment, known as the Whereas Annie Glenn served— new musical instruments in the United ‘‘Borinqueneers’’; (1) as a member of the advisory board for States; (B) to pay tribute to the sacrifices made the National Center for Survivors of Child- Whereas spirituals were a distinct response and adversities overcome by Puerto Rican hood Abuse; to the conditions of African slavery in the and Hispanic military service members; and United States and expressed the longing of (C) to recognize the significant contribu- (2) on the advisory board for the National slaves for spiritual and bodily freedom, for tions to American history made by the 65th First Ladies’ Library; safety from harm and evil, and for relief Infantry Regiment, known as the (3) on the National Institute on Deafness from the hardships of slavery; ‘‘Borinqueneers’’. and Other Communication Disorders Advi- Whereas jazz, arguably the most creative and complex music that the United States sory Council of the National Institutes of f has produced, combines the musical tradi- Health; and tions of African Americans in New Orleans SENATE RESOLUTION 642—HON- (4) as a member of the advisory panel of with the creative flexibility of blues music; ORING THE LIFE, LEGACY, AND the Central Ohio Speech and Hearing Asso- Whereas masterful trumpeters Louis Arm- ACHIEVEMENTS OF ANNIE ciation; strong and Miles Davis achieved national GLENN Whereas Annie Glenn and John Glenn and international recognition with the suc- Mr. BROWN (for himself and Mr. served on the Board of Trustees of cess of ‘‘West End Blues’’ by Louis Arm- strong in the 1920s and ‘‘So What’’ by Miles PORTMAN) submitted the following res- Muskingum University and on the Advisory Board of the John Glenn School of Public Af- Davis in the late 1950s; olution; which was referred to the Whereas talented jazz pianist and vocalist Committee on the Judiciary: fairs at The Ohio State University; Whereas Annie Glenn served as a member Nathaniel Adams Coles recorded more than S. RES. 642 of the Ohio Women’s Hall of Fame and, in 150 singles and sold more than 50,000,000 Whereas Anna ‘‘Annie’’ Margaret Castor 1999, was inducted into the Hall of Excellence records; was born on February 17, 1920, in Columbus, of the Ohio Foundation of Independent Col- Whereas the talent of Ella Fitzgerald, a winner of 13 Grammys, is epitomized by a Ohio, and grew up attending public schools leges; rendition of ‘‘Summertime’’, a bluesy record in New Concord, Ohio, with her late husband, Whereas Annie Glenn had the distin- accompanied by melodic vocals; Senator John Glenn; guishing quality of making everyone she en- Whereas Annie and John met at ages 2 and Whereas Natalie Cole, the daughter of Na- countered feel heard, important, and empow- 3, respectively, grew up as friends and play- thaniel Adams Coles, achieved musical suc- ered; mates, and never knew life without the cess in the mid-1970s as a rhythm and blues Whereas Annie Glenn made Ohio and the other; artist with the hits ‘‘This Will Be’’ and ‘‘Un- Whereas Annie grew up as a competitive United States proud all her life as an advo- forgettable’’; swimmer and a lifeguard in her community; cate, philanthropist, mother, grandmother, Whereas, in the 1940s, bebop evolved Whereas Annie was a skilled musician and, partner, mentor, and friend, and will be re- through jam sessions, which included trum- in 1942, received and turned down an offer membered for her work to lift others up, in- peter Dizzy Gillespie and the alto saxo- from The Julliard School so she could marry cluding individuals who struggled with com- phonist Charlie Parker, that were held at John Glenn; municative disorders; and clubs in Harlem, New York, such as Minton’s Whereas Annie earned a Bachelor’s degree Whereas Annie Glenn died on May 19, 2020, Playhouse; in music with a minor in secretarial science at the age of 100 and will be remembered for Whereas earlier classical singers such as from Muskingum College in 1942; her legacy in speech and hearing therapy and Elizabeth Taylor Greenfield, one of the first Whereas Annie and John married on April for her dedication to— widely known African-American vocalists, 6, 1943, in their hometown of New Concord, and other early African-American singing (1) people with communicative disorders; Ohio; pioneers, including Nellie Mitchell Brown, Whereas, whenever the family moved, (2) her family; and Marie Selika Williams, Rachel Walker Tur- Annie Glenn would serve as a church organ- (3) her community: Now, therefore, be it ner, Marian Anderson, and Flora Batson Ber- ist in her new community; gen, paved the way for the female African- Whereas Annie Glenn gave birth to a son, Resolved, That the Senate honors the life, American concert singers who have achieved David, in 1945, and a daughter, Lynn, in 1947; legacy, and achievements of Annie Glenn, a great popularity during the last 50 years; Whereas Annie Glenn battled a severe stut- leading advocate for people with communica- Whereas the term ‘‘rhythm and blues’’ tering impediment for more than 5 decades; tive disorders. originated in the late 1940s as a way to de- Whereas, to manage her speech impedi- scribe recordings marketed to African Amer- ment, Annie Glenn developed creative strat- icans and replaced the term ‘‘race music’’;

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00063 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.045 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4146 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 Whereas lyrical themes in rhythm and Resolved, That the Senate— Whereas the United States Postal Service blues often encapsulate the African-Amer- (1) recognizes— carries necessary correspondence and goods ican experience of pain, the quest for free- (A) the contributions of African Americans to each community, including prescriptions dom, joy, triumphs and failures, relation- to the musical heritage of the United States; and critical medications; ships, economics, and aspiration and were (B) the wide array of talented and popular Whereas the United States Postal Service popularized by artists such as Ray Charles, African-American musical artists, com- uniquely serves ‘‘the last mile’’, delivering Ruth Brown, Etta James, and Otis Redding; posers, songwriters, and musicians who are to every business and residential customer Whereas soul music originated in the Afri- underrecognized for contributions to music; not fewer than 6 days per week; can-American community in the late 1950s (C) the achievements, talent, and hard Whereas the United States Postal Service and early 1960s, combines elements of Afri- work of African-American pioneer artists helps small businesses stay connected with can-American gospel music, rhythm and and the obstacles that those artists over- their customers no matter where they live; blues, and jazz, and was popularized by art- came to gain recognition; Whereas more than 630,000 employees work ists such as Aretha Franklin, James Brown, (D) the need for African-American students for the United States Postal Service, includ- Ray Charles, Sam Cooke, Bill Withers, and to have greater access to, and participation ing more than 97,000 military veterans, to Jackie Wilson; in, music education in schools across the carry out this mission; and Whereas Motown, founded as a record label United States; and Whereas the United States Postal Service in 1959, evolved into a distinctive style (E) Black History Month and African- is at the center of the mailing industry, known for the ‘‘Motown Sound’’, a blend of American Music Appreciation Month as an which generates $1,600,000,000,000 annually pop and soul musical stylings made popular important time— and employs approximately 7,300,000 individ- by prominent Black artists such as Marvin (i) to celebrate the impact of the African- uals in the United States: Now, therefore, be Gaye, James Mason, and Mary Wells; American musical heritage on the musical it Whereas, in the early 1970s, the musical heritage of the United States; and Resolved, That it is the sense of the Sen- style of disco emerged and was popularized (ii) to encourage greater access to music ate— by programs such as Soul Train and by art- education so that the next generation may (1) that the United States Postal Service— ists such as Donna Summer; continue to greatly contribute to the musi- (A) should not close post offices or facili- Whereas reggae is a genre of music that cal heritage of the United States; and ties, especially in areas that would otherwise originated in Jamaica in the late 1960s and (2) designates June 2020 as ‘‘African-Amer- lack access to the services these facilities incorporates some of the musical elements of ican Music Appreciation Month’’. provide; rhythm and blues, jazz, mento, calypso, and (B) should not reduce its standards of serv- African music, and was popularized by art- f ice, or prevent individuals and businesses in ists such as Bob Marley; every community from receiving their mail Whereas rock and roll was developed from SENATE RESOLUTION 644—EX- PRESSING THE SENSE OF THE expediently and predictably; African-American musical styles such as (C) should not unduly or excessively raise gospel and rhythm and blues and was popu- SENATE THAT THE UNITED the prices of its products or services in such larized by artists such as Chuck Berry, Bo STATES POSTAL SERVICE a way as to jeopardize the affordability and Diddley, Little Richard, and Jimi Hendrix; SHOULD REMAIN A STRONG AND accessibility of such products and services in Whereas rap, arguably the most complex UNIVERSAL SERVICE FOR THE each community across the nation; and and influential form of hip-hop culture, com- (D) should maintain prompt, reliable, and bines blues, jazz, and soul, elements of the PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES, AND SHOULD RECEIVE efficient services to all patrons affordably, African-American musical tradition, with as required under the law and by the people Caribbean calypso, dub, and dance hall AN APPROPRIATION TO OFFSET REVENUES LOST DUE TO THE of the United States; and reggae; (2) that Congress should appropriate funds Whereas the development and popularity of COVID–19 EMERGENCY to offset lost revenues of the United States old style rap combined confident beats with Postal Service during the COVID–19 emer- wordplay and storytelling, highlighting the Mr. BOOKER (for himself, Mr. SCHU- MER, Mr. PETERS, Mr. BLUMENTHAL, Mr. gency and should take all appropriate meas- struggle of African-American youth growing ures to ensure the United States Postal WHITEHOUSE, Mr. CARPER, Mrs. GILLI- up in underresourced neighborhoods; Service maintains its services and remains BRAND, Mr. JONES, Mr. COONS, Mr. Whereas contemporary rhythm and blues, an accessible, independent establishment of which originated in the late 1970s and com- REED, Ms. BALDWIN, Mr. SANDERS, Ms. the Federal Government. bines elements of pop, rhythm and blues, SMITH, Mr. MENENDEZ, Ms. ROSEN, Mr. f soul, funk, hip hop, gospel, and electronic BENNET, Mr. UDALL, Mrs. FEINSTEIN, dance music was popularized by artists such Ms. HARRIS, Mr. MERKLEY, Mr. KING, AMENDMENTS SUBMITTED AND as Whitney Houston and Aaliyah; PROPOSED Whereas Prince Rogers Nelson, who was Ms. SINEMA, Mr. MARKEY, Mrs. MUR- known for electric performances and a wide RAY, Mr. TESTER, Mr. DURBIN, Mr. MUR- SA 2389. Mr. SCOTT, of South Carolina vocal range, pioneered music that integrated PHY, Ms. HIRONO, Mr. MANCHIN, Mr. submitted an amendment intended to be pro- a wide variety of styles, including funk, CARDIN, Ms. STABENOW, Ms. KLO- posed by him to the bill S. 4049, to authorize rock, contemporary rhythm and blues, new BUCHAR, Mr. BROWN, Ms. DUCKWORTH, appropriations for fiscal year 2021 for mili- wave, soul, psychedelia, and pop; Ms. WARREN, Mr. VAN HOLLEN, Mr. tary activities of the Department of Defense, for military construction, and for defense ac- Whereas a recent study by the Department WYDEN, Ms. CANTWELL, Ms. HASSAN, of Education found that only 28 percent of tivities of the Department of Energy, to pre- Ms. CORTEZ MASTO, Mrs. SHAHEEN, Mr. African-American students receive any kind scribe military personnel strengths for such of arts education; HEINRICH, Mr. SCHATZ, Mr. KAINE, Mr. fiscal year, and for other purposes; which Whereas African-American students scored CASEY, Mr. LEAHY, and Mr. WARNER) was ordered to lie on the table. the lowest of all ethnicities in the most re- submitted the following resolution; SA 2390. Mr. ROUNDS submitted an cent National Assessment for Educational which was referred to the Committee amendment intended to be proposed to Progress arts assessment; on Homeland Security and Govern- amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. INHOFE Whereas students who are eligible for the mental Affairs: to the bill S. 4049, supra; which was ordered school lunch program established under the to lie on the table. S. RES. 644 Richard B. Russell National School Lunch SA 2391. Mr. SULLIVAN submitted an Act (42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.) have significantly Whereas the United States Postal Service amendment intended to be proposed to lower scores on the music portion of the Na- is, by law, ‘‘a basic and fundamental service amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. INHOFE tional Assessment for Educational Progress provided to the people by the Government of to the bill S. 4049, supra; which was ordered arts assessment than students who are ineli- the United States, authorized by the Con- to lie on the table. gible for that program, which suggests that stitution, created by Act of Congress, and SA 2392. Mr. KING (for himself and Mr. students in low-income families are dis- supported by the people’’; SASSE) submitted an amendment intended to advantaged in the subject of music; Whereas the United States Postal Service be proposed by him to the bill S. 4049, supra; Whereas a recent study found that— is obligated under the law to ‘‘provide which was ordered to lie on the table. (1) nearly 2⁄3 of music ensemble students prompt, reliable, and efficient services to pa- SA 2393. Mr. WYDEN submitted an amend- were White and middle class, and only 15 per- trons in all areas’’ and ‘‘render services to ment intended to be proposed to amendment cent of those students were African-Amer- all communities’’, in such a way so that ‘‘the SA 2301 proposed by Mr. INHOFE to the bill S. ican; and costs of the Postal Service shall not be ap- 4049, supra; which was ordered to lie on the (2) only 7 percent of music teacher licen- portioned to impair the overall value of such table. sure candidates were African-American; and service to the people’’; SA 2394. Mr. JOHNSON submitted an Whereas students of color face many bar- Whereas the United States Postal Service amendment intended to be proposed to riers to accessing music education and train- maintains a universal network that connects amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. INHOFE ing, especially students in large urban public all rural, suburban, and urban communities to the bill S. 4049, supra; which was ordered schools: Now, therefore, be it in the United States; to lie on the table.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00064 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.049 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4147

SA 2395. Mr. CARDIN submitted an amend- SA 2301 proposed by Mr. INHOFE to the bill S. (3) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The transfer of re- ment intended to be proposed by him to the 4049, supra; which was ordered to lie on the sponsibility and authority for operation and bill S. 4049, supra; which was ordered to lie table. administration of the Troops-to-Support- on the table. SA 2412. Mr. BOOKER submitted an Education Program under paragraph (1) shall SA 2396. Mr. MENENDEZ submitted an amendment intended to be proposed to take effect— amendment intended to be proposed to amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. INHOFE (A) on the first day of the first month be- amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, supra; which was ordered ginning more than 90 days after the date of to the bill S. 4049, supra; which was ordered to lie on the table. the enactment of this Act; or to lie on the table. SA 2413. Mr. BOOKER submitted an (B) on such earlier date as the Secretary of SA 2397. Mr. KENNEDY submitted an amendment intended to be proposed by him Education and the Secretary of Defense may amendment intended to be proposed to to the bill S. 4049, supra; which was ordered jointly provide. amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. INHOFE to lie on the table. (b) TRANSFER, REDESIGNATION, AND EXPAN- to the bill S. 4049, supra; which was ordered SA 2414. Mr. BOOKER submitted an SION OF PROGRAM.— to lie on the table. amendment intended to be proposed to (1) IN GENERAL.—Title II of the Elementary SA 2398. Mr. CRAMER submitted an amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. INHOFE and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (29 amendment intended to be proposed to to the bill S. 4049, supra; which was ordered U.S.C. 6601 et seq.) is amended— amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. INHOFE to lie on the table. (A) in section 2003(b) (20 U.S.C. 6603(b)), by to the bill S. 4049, supra; which was ordered SA 2415. Ms. WARREN submitted an inserting ‘‘(except for subpart 5)’’ after ‘‘part to lie on the table. amendment intended to be proposed to B’’; and SA 2399. Mr. GRASSLEY (for himself and amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. INHOFE (B) in part B, by adding at the end the fol- Mr. SANDERS) submitted an amendment in- to the bill S. 4049, supra; which was ordered lowing: tended to be proposed to amendment SA 2301 to lie on the table. proposed by Mr. INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, SA 2416. Ms. WARREN (for Mr. MARKEY) ‘‘Subpart 5—Troops-to-Support-Education supra; which was ordered to lie on the table. submitted an amendment intended to be pro- Program SA 2400. Mrs. FEINSTEIN (for herself and posed to amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. ‘‘SEC. 2251. ASSISTANCE TO ELIGIBLE MEMBERS Mr. LEAHY) submitted an amendment in- INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, supra; which was AND FORMER MEMBERS TO OBTAIN tended to be proposed by her to the bill S. ordered to lie on the table. EMPLOYMENT IN SCHOOLS: TROOPS- 4049, supra; which was ordered to lie on the SA 2417. Ms. CANTWELL (for Mr. MANCHIN TO-SUPPORT-EDUCATION PROGRAM. table. (for himself and Ms. CANTWELL)) submitted ‘‘(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: SA 2401. Mr. PERDUE (for himself and Mr. an amendment intended to be proposed to ‘‘(1) ARMED FORCES.—The term ‘Armed WHITEHOUSE) submitted an amendment in- amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. INHOFE Forces’ has the meaning given the term in tended to be proposed to amendment SA 2301 to the bill S. 4049, supra; which was ordered section101(a)(4) of title 10, United States proposed by Mr. INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, to lie on the table. Code. supra; which was ordered to lie on the table. SA 2418. Mr. INHOFE submitted an amend- ‘‘(2) CHARTER SCHOOL.—The term ‘charter SA 2402. Mrs. BLACKBURN (for Mr. MAR- ment intended to be proposed to amendment school’ has the meaning given that term in KEY (for himself, Mrs. LOEFFLER, Mr. MUR- SA 2301 proposed by Mr. INHOFE to the bill S. section 4310. PHY, and Mr. MERKLEY)) submitted an 4049, supra; which was ordered to lie on the amendment intended to be proposed to ‘‘(3) ELIGIBLE SCHOOL.—The term ‘eligible table. school’ means— amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. INHOFE SA 2419. Mr. SANDERS submitted an to the bill S. 4049, supra; which was ordered ‘‘(A) a public school, including a charter amendment intended to be proposed to school, at which— to lie on the table. amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. INHOFE SA 2403. Mr. VAN HOLLEN (for himself ‘‘(i) at least 30 percent of the students en- to the bill S. 4049, supra; which was ordered rolled in the school are from families with and Mr. CARDIN) submitted an amendment to lie on the table. intended to be proposed by him to the bill S. incomes below 185 percent of poverty level 4049, supra; which was ordered to lie on the f (as defined by the Office of Management and table. Budget and revised at least annually in ac- SA 2404. Mr. VAN HOLLEN (for himself TEXT OF AMENDMENTS cordance with section 9(b)(1) of the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act (42 and Mr. CARDIN) submitted an amendment SA 2389. Mr. SCOTT of South Caro- intended to be proposed by him to the bill S. U.S.C. 1758(b)(1)) applicable to a family of lina submitted an amendment intended the size involved; or 4049, supra; which was ordered to lie on the to be proposed by him to the bill S. table. ‘‘(ii) at least 13 percent of the students en- SA 2405. Mr. VAN HOLLEN (for himself, 4049, to authorize appropriations for rolled in the school qualify for assistance Mr. CARPER, Mr. BLUMENTHAL, Ms. BALDWIN, fiscal year 2021 for military activities under part B of the Individuals with Disabil- Mr. MARKEY, Mr. WYDEN, Mr. LEAHY, Mr. of the Department of Defense, for mili- ities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1411 et seq.); or CARDIN, Mr. DURBIN, and Mr. KAINE) sub- tary construction, and for defense ac- ‘‘(B) a Bureau-funded school as defined in mitted an amendment intended to be pro- tivities of the Department of Energy, section 1141(3) of the Education Amendments posed by him to the bill S. 4049, supra; which to prescribe military personnel of 1978 (25 U.S.C. 2021(3)). ‘‘(4) HIGH-NEED SCHOOL.—The term ‘high- was ordered to lie on the table. strengths for such fiscal year, and for SA 2406. Mr. UDALL (for himself, Mr. need school’ means— other purposes; which was ordered to LEAHY, Mr. HEINRICH, Mr. BLUMENTHAL, Mr. ‘‘(A) an elementary school or middle school WYDEN, Ms. WARREN, and Mr. MENENDEZ) lie on the table; as follows: in which at least 50 percent of the enrolled submitted an amendment intended to be pro- At the end of subtitle E of title V, add the students are children from low-income fami- posed by him to the bill S. 4049, supra; which following: lies, based on the number of children eligible was ordered to lie on the table. SEC. ll. TRANSFERRING AND EXPANDING THE for free and reduced-priced lunches under the SA 2407. Mr. UDALL submitted an amend- TROOPS-TO-TEACHERS PROGRAM TO Richard B. Russell National School Lunch ment intended to be proposed to amendment BECOME THE TROOPS-TO-SUPPORT- Act (42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.), the number of SA 2301 proposed by Mr. INHOFE to the bill S. EDUCATION PROGRAM. children in families receiving assistance 4049, supra; which was ordered to lie on the (a) TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS.— under the State program funded under part table. (1) TRANSFER.—The responsibility and au- A of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 SA 2408. Ms. DUCKWORTH (for Mr. MAR- thority for operation and administration of U.S.C. 601 et seq.), the number of children el- KEY (for himself, Ms. WARREN, Ms. the program under section 1154 of title 10, igible to receive medical assistance under DUCKWORTH, and Mr. DURBIN)) submitted an United States Code, is transferred from the the Medicaid program, or a composite of amendment intended to be proposed to Secretary of Defense to the Secretary of these indicators; amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. INHOFE Education. ‘‘(B) a high school in which at least 40 per- to the bill S. 4049, supra; which was ordered (2) MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT.—In con- cent of enrolled students are children from to lie on the table. nection with the transfer of responsibility low-income families, which may be cal- SA 2409. Mr. MENENDEZ submitted an and authority for operation and administra- culated using comparable data from feeder amendment intended to be proposed by him tion of the Troops-to-Support-Education schools; or to the bill S. 4049, supra; which was ordered Program (as redesignated by this section) ‘‘(C) a school that is in a local educational to lie on the table. from the Secretary of Defense to the Sec- agency that is eligible under section 5211(b). SA 2410. Mr. SCHUMER (for himself and retary of Education under paragraph (1), the ‘‘(5) MEMBER OF THE ARMED FORCES.—The Mrs. GILLIBRAND) submitted an amendment Secretaries shall enter into a memorandum term ‘member of the Armed Forces’ includes intended to be proposed to amendment SA of agreement describing the duties of each a retired or former member of the Armed 2301 proposed by Mr. INHOFE to the bill S. Secretary to support the program, including Forces. 4049, supra; which was ordered to lie on the how the Secretaries will effectuate the reim- ‘‘(6) PARTICIPANT.—The term ‘participant’ table. bursement provisions under section 2251(f) of means an eligible member of the Armed SA 2411. Mr. INHOFE submitted an amend- the Elementary and Secondary Education Forces selected to participate in the Pro- ment intended to be proposed to amendment Act of 1965. gram.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00065 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.055 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4148 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020

‘‘(7) PROGRAM.—The term ‘Program’ means ‘‘(ii) executes a reserve commitment agree- ‘‘(i) have educational or military experi- the Troops-to-Support-Education Program ment for a period of not less than 3 years ence in science, mathematics, special edu- authorized by this section. under paragraph (5)(B). cation, foreign language, or career or tech- ‘‘(8) QUALIFYING POSITION.— ‘‘(C) Any member who, on or after January nical subjects; and ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in 8, 2002, is retired or separated for physical ‘‘(ii) agree to seek employment as science, subparagraph (B), the term ‘qualifying posi- disability under chapter 61 of title 10,. mathematics, foreign language, or special tion’ means any full-time position in an eli- United States Code. education teachers in elementary schools or gible school, including a position as— ‘‘(2) SUBMISSION OF APPLICATIONS.— secondary schools or in other schools under ‘‘(i) a teacher, including an elementary ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Selection of eligible the jurisdiction of a local educational agen- school teacher, a secondary school teacher, members of the Armed Forces to participate cy; and or a career or technical education teacher; in the Program shall be made on the basis of ‘‘(B) may give priority to members who ‘‘(ii) a school resource officer; applications submitted to the Secretary agree to seek employment in a high-need ‘‘(iii) a school leader; within the time periods specified in subpara- school. ‘‘(iv) specialized instructional support per- graph (B). An application shall be in such ‘‘(5) OTHER CONDITIONS ON SELECTION.— sonnel; form and contain such information as the ‘‘(A) APPROPRIATIONS REQUIRED.—Subject ‘‘(v) a paraprofessional; or Secretary may require. to subsection (i), the Secretary may not se- ‘‘(vi) other staff. ‘‘(B) SPECIAL RULE.—In the case of an eligi- lect an eligible member of the Armed Forces ‘‘(B) EXCLUSIONS.—The term ‘qualifying po- ble member of the Armed Forces described in to participate in the Program and receive fi- sition’ does not include a position that is— subparagraph (A)(i), (A)(iii), (B), or (C) of nancial assistance unless the Secretary has ‘‘(i) performed primarily at a location out- paragraph (1), an application shall be consid- sufficient appropriations for the Program side the grounds of an eligible school; or ered to be submitted on a timely basis if the available at the time of the selection to sat- ‘‘(ii) held by an individual who is employed application is submitted not later than 3 isfy the obligations to be incurred by the by a contractor. years after the date on which the member is United States under subsection (e) with re- ‘‘(9) SCHOOL RESOURCE OFFICER.—The term retired, transferred to the Retired Reserve, spect to the member. ‘school resource officer’ has the meaning or separated or released from active duty, ‘‘(B) WRITTEN AGREEMENT REQUIRED.—The given that term in section 1709(4) of the Om- whichever applies to the member. Secretary may not select an eligible member nibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of ‘‘(3) SELECTION CRITERIA; EDUCATIONAL of the Armed Forces described in paragraph 1968 (34 U.S.C. 10389(4)). BACKGROUND REQUIREMENTS; HONORABLE (1)(B)(i) to participate in the Program and ‘‘(10) SECRETARY.—The term ‘Secretary’ SERVICE REQUIREMENT.— receive financial assistance under subsection means the Secretary of Education. ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall pre- ‘‘(b) PROGRAM AUTHORIZATION.—The Sec- (e) unless the member executes a written retary may carry out a Troops-to-Support- scribe the criteria to be used to select eligi- agreement to serve as a member of the Se- Education Program— ble members of the Armed Forces to partici- lected Reserve of a reserve component of the ‘‘(1) to assist eligible members of the pate in the Program. Armed Forces for a period of not less than 3 Armed Forces described in subsection (d) to ‘‘(B) PLACEMENT AS ELEMENTARY OR SEC- years. ONDARY SCHOOL TEACHER.—If a member of the meet the requirements necessary to obtain a ‘‘(e) PARTICIPATION AGREEMENT AND FINAN- Armed Forces is applying for the Program to qualifying position in a school described in CIAL ASSISTANCE.— paragraph (2); and receive assistance for placement as an ele- mentary school or secondary school teacher, ‘‘(1) PARTICIPATION AGREEMENT.— ‘‘(2) to facilitate the employment of such ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—An eligible member of members— the Secretary shall require the member to have received a baccalaureate or advanced the Armed Forces selected to participate in ‘‘(A) by local educational agencies or char- the Program under subsection (b) and to re- ter schools that the Secretary identifies as— degree from an institution of higher edu- cation. ceive financial assistance under this sub- ‘‘(i) receiving grants under part A of title section shall be required to enter into an I as a result of having within their jurisdic- ‘‘(C) PLACEMENT AS CAREER OR TECHNICAL TEACHER.—If a member of the Armed Forces agreement with the Secretary in which the tions concentrations of children from low-in- member agrees— come families; is applying for the Program to receive assist- ance for placement as a career or technical ‘‘(i) within such time as the Secretary may ‘‘(ii) experiencing a shortage of teachers, require, to meet the requirements necessary in particular a shortage of science, mathe- teacher, the Secretary shall require the member— to obtain a qualifying position in a school matics, special education, foreign language, described in subsection (b)(2); and or career or technical teachers; or ‘‘(i) to have received the equivalent of 1 year of postsecondary education from an in- ‘‘(ii) to accept an offer of full-time employ- ‘‘(iii) experiencing a shortage of personnel ment in a qualifying position for not less to fill qualifying positions; and stitution of higher education or the equiva- than 3 school years in an eligible school to ‘‘(B) in elementary schools or secondary lent in military education and training as begin the school year after the member ob- schools, or as career or technical teachers. certified by the Department of Defense; or tains the professional credentials required ‘‘(c) COUNSELING AND REFERRAL SERV- ‘‘(ii) to otherwise meet the certification or for the position involved. ICES.—The Secretary may provide counseling licensing requirements for a career or tech- and referral services to members of the nical teacher in the State in which the mem- ‘‘(B) WAIVER.—The Secretary may waive Armed Forces who do not meet the eligi- ber seeks assistance for placement under the the 3-year commitment described in subpara- bility criteria described in subsection (d), in- Program. graph (A)(ii) for a participant if the Sec- cluding the education qualification require- ‘‘(D) PROFESSIONAL CREDENTIALS.—If a retary determines such waiver to be appro- ments under paragraph (3)(B) of such sub- member of the Armed Forces is applying for priate. If the Secretary provides the waiver, section. the Program to receive assistance for place- the participant shall not be considered to be ‘‘(d) ELIGIBILITY AND APPLICATION PROC- ment in a qualifying position other than a in violation of the agreement and shall not ESS.— position as a teacher described in subpara- be required to provide reimbursement under ‘‘(1) ELIGIBLE MEMBERS.—The following graph (B) or (C), the Secretary shall require subsection (f), for failure to meet the 3-year members of the Armed Forces are eligible for the member to obtain the professional cre- commitment. selection to participate in the Program: dentials that are required by the State for ‘‘(2) VIOLATION OF PARTICIPATION AGREE- ‘‘(A) Any member who— the position involved. MENT; EXCEPTIONS.—A participant shall not ‘‘(i) on or after October 1, 1999, becomes en- ‘‘(E) HONORABLE SERVICE.—A member of be considered to be in violation of the par- titled to retired or retainer pay under title the Armed Forces is eligible to participate in ticipation agreement entered into under 10, or title 14, of the United States Code; the Program only if the member’s last period paragraph (1) during any period in which the ‘‘(ii) has an approved date of retirement of service in the Armed Forces was honor- participant— that is within one year after the date on able, as characterized by the Secretary con- ‘‘(A) is pursuing a full-time course of study which the member submits an application to cerned. A member selected to participate in related to the field of teaching at an institu- participate in the Program; or the Program before the retirement of the tion of higher education; ‘‘(iii) has been transferred to the Retired member, the transfer of the member to the ‘‘(B) is serving on active duty as a member Reserve. Retired Reserve, or the separation or release of the Armed Forces; ‘‘(B) Any member who, on or after January of the member from active duty may con- ‘‘(C) is temporarily totally disabled for a 8, 2002— tinue to participate in the Program after the period of time not to exceed 3 years as estab- ‘‘(i)(I) is separated or released from active retirement, transfer, separation, or release lished by sworn affidavit of a qualified physi- duty after 4 or more years of continuous ac- only if the member’s last period of service is cian; tive duty immediately before the separation characterized as honorable by the Secretary ‘‘(D) is unable to secure employment for a or release; or concerned. period not to exceed 12 months by reason of ‘‘(II) has completed a total of at least 6 ‘‘(4) SELECTION PRIORITIES.—In selecting el- the care required by a spouse who is dis- years of active duty service, 6 years of serv- igible members of the Armed Forces to re- abled; ice computed under section 12732 of title 10, ceive assistance under the Program, the Sec- ‘‘(E) is unable to find full-time employ- United States Code, or 6 years of any com- retary— ment in a qualifying position for a single pe- bination of such service; and ‘‘(A) shall give priority to members who— riod not to exceed 27 months; or

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00066 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.046 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4149

‘‘(F) satisfies the provisions of additional interest at the rate equal to the highest rate (1) TERMINATION.—Subject to paragraph (3), reimbursement exceptions that may be pre- being paid by the United States on the day section 1154 of title 10, United States Code, is scribed by the Secretary. on which the reimbursement is determined repealed. ‘‘(3) STIPEND AND BONUS FOR PARTICI- to be due for securities having maturities of (2) CONFORMING AND CLERICAL AMEND- PANTS.— 90 days or less and shall accrue from the day MENTS.— ‘‘(A) STIPEND AVAILABLE.—Subject to sub- on which the participant is first notified of (A) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Chapter 58 paragraph (C), the Secretary may pay to a the amount due. of title 10, United States Code, is amended by participant a stipend to cover expenses in- ‘‘(4) EXCEPTIONS TO REIMBURSEMENT RE- redesignating section 1155 as section 1154. curred by the participant to obtain the re- QUIREMENT.—A participant shall be excused (B) CLERICAL AMENDMENTS.—The table of quired educational level, certification, li- from reimbursement under this subsection if sections at the beginning of chapter 58 of censing, or other professional credentials. the participant becomes permanently totally title 10, United States Code, is amended— Such stipend may not exceed $5,000 and may disabled as established by sworn affidavit of (i) by striking the item relating to section vary by participant. a qualified physician. The Secretary may 1154; and ‘‘(B) BONUS AVAILABLE.— also waive the reimbursement in cases of ex- (ii) by redesignating the item relating to ‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—Subject to subparagraph treme hardship to the participant, as deter- section 1155 as the item relating to section (C), the Secretary may pay a bonus to a par- mined by the Secretary. 1154. ticipant who agrees in the participation ‘‘(g) RELATIONSHIP TO EDUCATIONAL ASSIST- (3) EXISTING AGREEMENTS.—The repeal of agreement under paragraph (1) to accept ANCE UNDER MONTGOMERY GI BILL.—Except section 1154 of title 10, United States Code, full-time employment in a qualifying posi- as provided in subsection (e)(3)(C)(iii), the re- by paragraph (1) shall not affect— tion for not less than 3 school years in an eli- ceipt by a participant of a stipend or bonus (A) the validity or terms of any agreement gible school. under subsection (e) shall not reduce or oth- entered into under such section, as in effect ‘‘(ii) AMOUNT OF BONUS.—The amount of erwise affect the entitlement of the partici- immediately before such repeal, before the the bonus may not exceed $5,000, unless the pant to any benefits under chapter 30 or 33 of effective date of the transfer of the program eligible school is a high-need school, in title 38 or chapter 1606 of title 10, United under subsection (a); or which case the amount of the bonus may not States Code. (B) the authority to pay assistance, make exceed $10,000. Within such limits, the bonus ‘‘(h) PARTICIPATION BY STATES.— grants, or obtain reimbursement in connec- may vary by participant and may take into ‘‘(1) DISCHARGE OF STATE ACTIVITIES tion with such an agreement as in effect be- account the priority placements as deter- THROUGH CONSORTIA OF STATES.—The Sec- fore the effective date of the transfer of such mined by the Secretary. retary may permit States participating in program under subsection (a). ‘‘(C) ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS.— the Program to carry out activities author- ‘‘(i) TOTAL NUMBER OF STIPENDS.—The total ized for such States under the Program SA 2390. Mr. ROUNDS submitted an number of stipends that may be paid under through one or more consortia of such amendment intended to be proposed to subparagraph (A) in any fiscal year may not States. amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. exceed 7,500. ‘‘(2) ASSISTANCE TO STATES.— INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, to authorize ‘‘(ii) TOTAL NUMBER OF BONUSES.—The total ‘‘(A) GRANTS AUTHORIZED.—Subject to sub- number of bonuses that may be paid under paragraph (B), the Secretary may make appropriations for fiscal year 2021 for subparagraph (B) in any fiscal year may not grants to States participating in the Pro- military activities of the Department exceed 4,500. gram, or to consortia of such States, in order of Defense, for military construction, ‘‘(iii) EXCEPTION.—A participant may not to permit such States or consortia of States and for defense activities of the De- receive a stipend under subparagraph (A) if to operate offices for purposes of recruiting partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- the participant is eligible for benefits under eligible members of the Armed Forces for tary personnel strengths for such fiscal chapter 33 of title 38, United States Code. participation in the Program and facili- year, and for other purposes; which was ‘‘(iv) TOTAL LIMITATION.—The combination tating the employment of participants in ordered to lie on the table; as follows: of a stipend under subparagraph (A) and a qualifying positions. At the end of subtitle D of title XII, insert bonus under subparagraph (B) for any one ‘‘(B) GRANT LIMIT.—The total amount of the following: participant may not exceed $10,000. grants made under subparagraph (A) in any ‘‘(4) TREATMENT OF STIPEND AND BONUS.—A fiscal year may not exceed $5,000,000. SEC. 1242. FEASIBILITY STUDY ON INCREASED stipend or bonus paid under this subsection ROTATIONAL DEPLOYMENTS TO ‘‘(i) PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS.— GREECE AND ENHANCEMENT OF to a participant shall be taken into account ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary may enter UNITED STATES-GREECE DIPLO- in determining the eligibility of the partici- into one or more partnerships with nonprofit MATIC ENGAGEMENT. pant for Federal student financial assistance entities, including veterans service organiza- (a) FEASIBILITY STUDY.— provided under title IV of the Higher Edu- tions, to assist with the placement of par- (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense cation Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070 et seq.). ticipants in eligible schools in accordance shall conduct a study on the feasibility of in- ‘‘(f) REIMBURSEMENT UNDER CERTAIN CIR- with this section. creased rotational deployments of members CUMSTANCES.— ‘‘(2) NONPROFIT ENTITY DEFINED.—In this of the Armed Forces to Greece, including to ‘‘(1) REIMBURSEMENT REQUIRED.—A partici- subsection, the term ‘nonprofit entity’ Souda Bay, Alexandroupoli, Larissa, Volos, pant who is paid a stipend or bonus under means an entity qualifying as an exempt or- and Stefanovikeio. this section shall be subject to the repay- ganization under section 501(c)(3) of the In- (2) ELEMENT.—The study required by para- ment provisions of section 373 of title 37, ternal Revenue Code of 1986. graph (1) shall include an evaluation of any United States Code, under the following cir- ‘‘(j) LIMITATION ON TOTAL FISCAL-YEAR OB- infrastructure investment necessary to sup- cumstances: LIGATIONS.—The total amount obligated by port such increased rotational deployments. ‘‘(A) The participant fails to meet the re- the Secretary under the Program for any fis- (3) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than quirements necessary to obtain a qualifying cal year may not exceed $20,000,000. 180 days after the date of the enactment of position in a school described in subsection ‘‘(k) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall sub- (b)(2) or to obtain employment in a quali- There are authorized to be appropriated to mit to the congressional defense committees fying position as required by the participa- carry out this section $20,000,000 for each of a report on the results of the study required tion agreement under subsection (e)(1). fiscal years 2021 through 2023.’’. by paragraph (1). ‘‘(B) The participant voluntarily leaves, or (2) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.— (b) DIPLOMATIC ENGAGEMENT.—The Sec- is terminated for cause from, employment in (A) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of con- retary of State is encouraged to pursue per- a qualifying position during the 3 years of re- tents of the Elementary and Secondary Edu- sistent United States diplomatic engage- quired service in violation of the participa- cation Act of 1965 is amended by inserting ment with respect to the Greece-Cyprus- tion agreement. after the item relating to section 2245 the Israel and Greece-Cyprus-Egypt trilateral ‘‘(C) The participant executed a written following: agreements beyond the occasional participa- agreement with the Secretary concerned SUBPART 5—TROOPS-TO-SUPPORT-EDUCATION tion of United States diplomats in the reg- under subsection (d)(5)(B) to serve as a mem- PROGRAM ular summits of the countries party to such ber of a reserve component of the Armed Sec. 2251. Assistance to eligible members agreements. Forces for a period of 3 years and fails to and former members to obtain complete the required term of service. employment in schools: Troops- SA 2391. Mr. SULLIVAN submitted ‘‘(2) AMOUNT OF REIMBURSEMENT.—A partic- to-Support-Education Program. an amendment intended to be proposed ipant required to reimburse the Secretary (c) REFERENCES.—Any reference in Federal to amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. for a stipend or bonus paid to the participant law (other than this Act), regulations, guid- INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, to authorize under subsection (e) shall pay an amount ance, instructions, or other documents of the appropriations for fiscal year 2021 for that bears the same ratio to the amount of Federal Government to the Troops-to-Teach- the stipend or bonus as the unserved portion military activities of the Department ers Program shall be deemed to be a ref- of Defense, for military construction, of required service bears to the 3 years of re- erence to the Troops-to-Support-Education quired service. Program. and for defense activities of the De- ‘‘(3) INTEREST.—Any amount owed by a (d) TERMINATION OF DEPARTMENT OF DE- partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- participant under this subsection shall bear FENSE TROOPS-TO-TEACHERS PROGRAM.— tary personnel strengths for such fiscal

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00067 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.046 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4150 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 year, and for other purposes; which was (A) An identification of the current racial, Corps (SROTC), and military service acad- ordered to lie on the table; as follows: ethnic, and sex composition of each Armed emies, including programs in connection At the end of subtitle C of title V, insert Force generally. with flight instruction, special operations, the following: (B) An identification of the current racial, and national security, including develop- ethnic, and sex composition of each Armed ment of recommendations on mechanisms to SEC. 520. REPORTS ON DIVERSITY AND INCLU- SION IN THE ARMED FORCES. Force by grade. enhance and increase such recruitment; (a) REPORT ON FINDINGS OF DEFENSE BOARD (C) A comparison of the participation rates (D) retention of minority individuals in ON DIVERSITY AND INCLUSION IN THE MILI- of minority populations in officer grades, senior leadership and mentorship positions TARY.— warrant officer grades, and enlisted member in the Armed Forces, including development (1) IN GENERAL.—Upon the completion by grades in each Armed Force with the per- of recommendations on mechanisms to en- the Defense Board on Diversity and Inclusion centage of such populations among the gen- hance and increase such retention; and in the Military of its report on actionable eral population. (E) achievement of cultural and ethnic di- recommendations to increase racial diver- (D) A comparison of the participation rates versity in recruitment for the Armed Forces, sity and ensure equal opportunity across all of minority populations in each career field including development of recommendations grades of the Armed Forces, the Secretary of in each Armed Force with the percentage of on mechanisms to enhance and increase such Defense shall submit to the Committee on such populations among the general popu- diversity in recruitment. Armed Services of the Senate and the House lation. of Representatives a report on the report of (E) A comparison among the Armed Forces SA 2392. Mr. KING (for himself and the Defense Board, including the findings of the percentage of minority populations in Mr. SASSE) submitted an amendment and recommendations of the Defense Board. each officer grade above grade O–4. intended to be proposed by him to the (F) A comparison among the Armed Forces (2) ELEMENTS.—The report required by bill S. 4049, to authorize appropriations of the percentage of minority populations in paragraph (1) shall include the following: for fiscal year 2021 for military activi- (A) A comprehensive description of the each enlisted grade above grade E–6. (G) A description and assessment of bar- ties of the Department of Defense, for findings and recommendations of the De- military construction, and for defense fense Board in its report referred to in para- riers to minority participation in the Armed graph (1). Forces in connection with accession, assess- activities of the Department of Energy, (B) A comprehensive description of any ac- ment, and training. to prescribe military personnel tionable recommendations of the Defense (d) SENSE OF SENATE ON DEFENSE ADVISORY strengths for such fiscal year, and for Board in its report. COMMITTEE ON DIVERSITY AND INCLUSION IN other purposes; which was ordered to (C) A description of the actions proposed to THE ARMED FORCES.—It is the sense of the Senate that the Defense Advisory Committee lie on the table; as follows: be undertaken by the Secretary in connec- on Diversity and Inclusion in the Armed At the appropriate place, insert the fol- tion with such recommendations, and a Forces— lowing: timeline for implementation of such actions. (1) should consist of diverse group of indi- SEC. lll. CISA DIRECTOR. (D) A description of the resources used by viduals, including— Subchapter II of chapter 53 of title 5, the Defense Board for its report, and a de- (A) a general or flag officer from each reg- United States Code, is amended— scription and assessment of any shortfalls in ular component of the Armed Forces; (1) in section 5313, by inserting after the such resources for purposes of the Defense (B) a retired general or flag officer from item relating to ‘‘Administrator of the Board. not fewer than two of the Armed Forces; Transportation Security Administration’’ (b) REPORT ON DEFENSE ADVISORY COM- the following: MITTEE ON DIVERSITY AND INCLUSION IN THE (C) a regular officer of the Armed Forces in ‘‘Director, Cybersecurity and Infrastructure ARMED FORCES.— a grade O–5 or lower; Security Agency.’’; and (1) IN GENERAL.—At the same time the Sec- (D) a regular enlisted member of the retary of Defense submits the report re- Armed Forces in a grade E–7 or higher; (2) in section 5314, by striking the item re- quired by subsection (a), the Secretary shall (E) a regular enlisted member of the lating to ‘‘Director, Cybersecurity and Infra- also submit to the Committee on Armed Armed Forces in a grade E–6 or lower; structure Security Agency.’’. Services of the Senate and the House of Rep- (F) a member of a reserve component of SEC. ll. AGENCY REVIEW. resentatives a report on the Defense Advi- the Armed Forces in any grade; (a) REQUIREMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE RE- sory Committee on Diversity and Inclusion (G) a member of the Department of Defense VIEW.—In order to strengthen the Cybersecu- in the Armed Forces. civilian workforce; rity and Infrastructure Security Agency, the (2) ELEMENTS.—The report required by (H) an member of the academic community Secretary of Homeland Security shall con- paragraph (1) shall include the following: with expertise in diversity studies; and duct a comprehensive review of the ability of (A) The mission statement or purpose of (I) an individual with appropriate expertise the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Secu- the Advisory Committee, and any proposed in diversity and inclusion; rity Agency to fulfill— objectives and goals of the Advisory Com- (2) should include individuals from a vari- (1) the missions of the Cybersecurity and mittee ety of military career paths, including— Infrastructure Security Agency; and (B) A description of current members of (A) aviation; (2) the recommendations detailed in the re- the Advisory Committee and the criteria (B) special operations; port issued by the Cyberspace Solarium used for selecting members. (C) intelligence; Commission under section 1652(k) of the (C) A description of the duties and scope of (D) cyber; John S. McCain National Defense Authoriza- activities of the Advisory Committee. (E) space; and tion Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (Public Law (D) The reporting structure of the Advi- (F) surface warfare; 115–232). sory Committee. (3) should have a membership such that (b) ELEMENTS OF REVIEW.—The review con- (E) An estimate of the annual operating not fewer than 20 percent of members pos- ducted under subsection (a) shall include the costs and staff years of the Advisory Com- sess— following elements: mittee. (A) a firm understanding of the role of (1) An assessment of how additional budget (F) An estimate of the number and fre- mentorship and best practices in finding and resources could be used by the Cybersecurity quency of meetings of the Advisory Com- utilizing mentors; and Infrastructure Security Agency for mittee. (B) experience and expertise in change of projects and programs that— (G) Any subcommittees, established or pro- culture of large organizations; or (A) support the national risk management posed, that would support the Advisory Com- (C) experience and expertise in implemen- mission; mittee. tation science; and (B) promote public-private integration; (H) Such recommendations for legislative (4) should focus on objectives that ad- and or administrative action as the Secretary dress— (C) provide situational awareness of cyber- considers appropriate to extend the term of (A) barriers to promotion within the security threats. the Advisory Committee beyond the pro- Armed Forces, including development of rec- (2) A comprehensive force structure assess- posed termination date of the Advisory Com- ommendations on mechanisms to enhance ment of the Cybersecurity and Infrastruc- mittee. and increase racial diversity and ensure ture Security Agency including— (c) REPORT ON CURRENT DIVERSITY AND IN- equal opportunity across all grades in the (A) a determination of the appropriate size CLUSION IN THE ARMED FORCES.— Armed Forces; and composition of personnel to accomplish (1) IN GENERAL.—At the same time the Sec- (B) participation of minority officers and the mission of the Cybersecurity and Infra- retary of Defense submits the reports re- senior noncommissioned officers in the structure Security Agency, as well as the quired by subsections (a) and (b), the Sec- Armed Forces, including development of rec- recommendations detailed in the report retary shall also submit to the Committee ommendations on mechanisms to enhance issued by the Cyberspace Solarium Commis- on Armed Services of the Senate and the and increase such participation; sion under section 1652(k) of the John S. House of Representatives a report on current (C) recruitment of minority candidates for McCain National Defense Authorization Act diversity and inclusion in the Armed Forces. innovative pre-service programs in the Jun- for Fiscal Year 2019 (Public Law 115–232); (2) ELEMENTS.—The report required by ior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (B) an assessment of whether existing per- paragraph (1) shall include the following: (JROTC), Senior Reserve Officers’ Training sonnel are appropriately matched to the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00068 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.054 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4151

prioritization of threats in the cyber domain termined by the Secretary, in consultation ‘‘, PARENTAL ASSISTANCE, AND STUDENT ACA- and risks in critical infrastructure; with the Museum, to be suitable for transfer. DEMIC ASSISTANCE’’; (C) an assessment of whether the Cyberse- (2) Two operational engines in (ii) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), curity and Infrastructure Security Agency flightworthy condition and suitable for utili- by striking ‘‘$2,000,000’’ and inserting has the appropriate personnel and resources zation in the airframe transferred under ‘‘$2,200,000’’; and to— paragraph (1) that are determined by the (iii) by adding at the end the following: (i) perform risk assessments, threat hunt- Secretary to be suitable for transfer. ‘‘(3) The expenses of providing tutoring ing, incident response to support both pri- (3) Such avionics, rotable components (in- service to participating eligible students vate and public cybersecurity; cluding wheels, tires, and brakes), radar, and that need additional academic assistance. If (ii) carry out the responsibilities of the Cy- other subcomponents for F–4 Phantom fight- there are insufficient funds to provide tutor- bersecurity and Infrastructure Security er aircraft as the Secretary, in consultation ing services to all such students in a year, Agency related to the security of Federal in- with the Museum, determines to be appro- the eligible entity shall give priority in such formation and Federal information systems; priate for the maintenance of the historical year to students who previously attended an and integrity and safety of the airframe trans- elementary school or secondary school iden- (iii) carry out the critical infrastructure ferred under paragraph (1) while in oper- tified as one of the lowest-performing responsibilities of the Cybersecurity and In- ation. schools under the District of Columbia’s ac- frastructure Security Agency, including na- (b) TRANSFER OF ADDITIONAL ENGINES.— countability system.’’; and tional risk management; and Upon request of the Museum following a de- (D) in subsection (c), as redesignated by (D) an assessment of whether current termination by the Museum that an engine subparagraph (B)— structure, personnel, and resources of re- transferred under subsection (a)(2), or under (i) in paragraph (2)(B), by striking ‘‘sub- gional field offices are sufficient in fulfilling this subsection, is no longer maintainable by sections (b) and (c)’’ and inserting ‘‘sub- agency responsibilities and mission require- the Museum in a flightworthy condition, the section (b)’’; and ments. Secretary shall transfer, without consider- (ii) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘sub- (c) SUBMISSION OF REVIEW.—Not later than ation, to the Museum an operational engine sections (b) and (c)’’ and inserting ‘‘sub- 1 year after the date of the enactment of this that is in flightworthy condition and suit- section (b)’’; Act, the Secretary of Homeland Security able for utilization in the airframe trans- (2) in section 3008(h) (sec. 38–1853.08(h) D.C. shall submit a report to Congress detailing ferred under subsection (a)(1) if such an en- Official Code)— the results of the assessments required under gine is available for transfer. (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘section subsection (b), including recommendations (c) NON-COMBAT CAPABLE.—The airframe 3009(a)(2)(A)(i)’’ and inserting ‘‘section to address any identified gaps. and engines transferred under this section 3009(a)’’; shall be appropriately altered so as to be (B) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting SEC. ll. GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION REVIEW. non-combat capable after transfer. However, the following: ‘‘(2) ADMINISTRATION OF TESTS.—The Insti- (a) REVIEW.—The Administrator of the no such alteration shall impair or impede General Services Administration shall— the flightworthiness of the airframe or en- tute of Education Sciences may administer (1) conduct a review of current Cybersecu- gines after transfer. assessments to students participating in the (d) CONDITIONS.—As conditions for the rity and Infrastructure Security Agency fa- evaluation under section 3009(a) for the pur- transfer of the airframe and engines author- cilities and assess the suitability of such fa- pose of conducting the evaluation under such ized by this section, the Museum shall agree section.’’; and cilities to fully support current and pro- as follows: (C) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘the na- jected mission requirements nationally and (1) To fully indemnify the United States tionally norm-referenced standardized test regionally; and for any and all liabilities arising in connec- described in paragraph (2)’’ and inserting ‘‘a (2) make recommendations regarding re- tion with the transfer. nationally norm-referenced standardized sources needed to procure or build a new fa- (2) To not transfer the airframe or engines test’’; cility or augment existing facilities to en- to another party without the advance, writ- (3) in section 3009(a) (sec. 38–1853.09(a) D.C. sure sufficient size and accommodations to ten approval of the Secretary. Official Code)— fully support current and projected mission (e) ADDITIONAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS.— (A) in paragraph (1)(A), by striking ‘‘annu- requirements, including the integration of The Secretary may require such additional ally’’ and inserting ‘‘regularly’’; personnel from the private sector and other terms and conditions in connection with the (B) in paragraph (2)— departments and agencies. transfers required by this section as the Sec- (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking clause (b) SUBMISSION OF REVIEW.—Not later than retary considers appropriate to protect the (i) and inserting the following: 1 year after the date of the enactment of this interests of the United States. ‘‘(i) is rigorous; and’’; and Act, the Administrator of the General Serv- (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking ‘‘im- ices Administration shall submit the review SA 2394. Mr. JOHNSON submitted an pact of the program’’ and all that follows required under subsection (a) to— amendment intended to be proposed to through the end of the subparagraph and in- (1) the President; amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. serting ‘‘impact of the program on academic (2) the Secretary of Homeland Security; INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, to authorize progress and educational attainment.’’; and (C) in paragraph (3)— (3) to the Committee on Homeland Secu- appropriations for fiscal year 2021 for military activities of the Department (i) in the paragraph heading, by striking rity and Governmental Affairs of the Senate ‘‘ON EDUCATION’’ and inserting ‘‘OF EDU- and the Committee on Homeland Security of of Defense, for military construction, CATION’’; the House of Representatives. and for defense activities of the De- (ii) in subparagraph (A)— partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- (I) by inserting ‘‘the academic progress of’’ SA 2393. Mr. WYDEN submitted an tary personnel strengths for such fiscal after ‘‘assess’’; and amendment intended to be proposed to year, and for other purposes; which was (II) by striking ‘‘in each of grades 3’’ and amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. ordered to lie on the table; as follows: all that follows through the end of the sub- INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, to authorize At the end, add the following: paragraph and inserting ‘‘; and’’; appropriations for fiscal year 2021 for (iii) by striking subparagraph (B); and military activities of the Department TITLE XLVIII—AMENDMENTS TO THE (iv) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as of Defense, for military construction, SOAR ACT subparagraph (B); and and for defense activities of the De- SEC. 4801. AMENDMENTS TO THE SOAR ACT. (D) in paragraph (4)— The Scholarships for Opportunity and Re- (i) in subparagraph (A)— partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- sults Act (division C of Public Law 112–10) is (I) by striking ‘‘A comparison of the aca- tary personnel strengths for such fiscal amended— demic achievement of participating eligible year, and for other purposes; which was (1) in section 3007 (sec. 38–1853.07 D.C. Offi- students who use an opportunity scholarship ordered to lie on the table; as follows: cial Code)— on the measurements described in paragraph At the end of subtitle E of title X, insert (A) in subsection (a)(5)(A)(i), by striking (3)(B) to the academic achievement’’ and in- the following: subclause (I) and inserting the following: serting ‘‘The academic progress of partici- SEC. 1052. TRANSFER OF F–4 PHANTOM FIGHTER ‘‘(I) is fully accredited by an accrediting pating eligible students who use an oppor- AIRCRAFT TO THE CLASSIC AIR- body with jurisdiction in the District of Co- tunity scholarship compared to the academic CRAFT AVIATION MUSEUM, HILLS- lumbia or that is recognized by the Student progress’’; and BORO, OREGON. and Visitor Exchange English Language Pro- (II) by inserting ‘‘, which may include stu- (a) TRANSFER REQUIRED.—The Secretary of gram administered by U.S. Immigration and dents’’ after ‘‘students with similar back- the Air Force shall transfer, without consid- Customs Enforcement; or’’; grounds’’; eration, to the Classic Aircraft Aviation Mu- (B) by striking subsection (c) and redesig- (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking ‘‘in- seum, Hillsboro, Oregon (in this section re- nating subsection (d) as subsection (c); creasing the satisfaction of such parents and ferred to as the ‘‘Museum’’), the following: (C) in subsection (b)— students with their choice’’ and inserting (1) Any F–4 Phantom fighter aircraft air- (i) in the subsection heading, by striking ‘‘those parents’ and students’ satisfaction frame in flightworthy condition that is de- ‘‘AND PARENTAL ASSISTANCE’’ and inserting with the program’’;

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00069 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.054 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4152 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 (iii) by striking subparagraph (D) through At the end of title XII, add the following: Act, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to (F) and inserting the following: Subtitle H—Sanctions With Respect to the the appropriate congressional committees ‘‘(D) The high school graduation rates, col- Russian Federation and leadership a report describing the meas- lege enrollment rates, college persistence SEC. 1291. DEFINITIONS. ures taken by the Department of Defense to rates, and college graduation rates of par- In this subtitle: provide greater protection to members of the ticipating eligible students who use an op- (1) ADMISSION; ADMITTED; ALIEN.—The Armed Forces of the United States in Af- portunity scholarship compared with the terms ‘‘admission’’, ‘‘admitted’’, and ‘‘alien’’ ghanistan. rates of public school students described in have the meanings given those terms in sec- (3) FORM.—The certification required by subparagraph (A), to the extent practicable. tion 101 of the Immigration and Nationality paragraph (1) and the report required by ‘‘(E) The college enrollment rates, college Act (8 U.S.C. 1101). paragraph (2) shall be submitted in unclassi- persistence rates, and college graduation (2) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT- fied form but may include a classified annex. rates of students who participated in the TEES AND LEADERSHIP.—The term ‘‘appro- (b) IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS.— program as the result of winning the Oppor- priate congressional committees and leader- (1) IN GENERAL.—If the Director of National tunity Scholarship Program lottery com- ship’’ means— Intelligence certifies under subsection pared to the enrollment, persistence, and (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, (a)(1)(A) that the Government of the Russian graduation rates for students who entered the Committee on Banking, Housing, and but did not win such lottery and who, as a Urban Affairs, the Committee on Armed Federation or any of its proxies was respon- result, served as the control group for pre- Services, the Select Committee on Intel- sible for bounties described in that sub- vious evaluations of the program under this ligence, and the majority leader and the mi- section, the President shall, not later than 15 division. Nothing in this subparagraph may nority leader of the Senate; and days after the date of the certification, im- be construed to waive section (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the pose the following sanctions: 3004(a)(3)(A)(iii) with respect to any such stu- Committee on Financial Services, the Com- (A) ASSET BLOCKING.—The President shall dent. mittee on Armed Services, the Permanent exercise all of the powers granted to the ‘‘(F) The safety of the schools attended by Select Committee on Intelligence, and the President under the International Emer- participating eligible students who use an Speaker, the majority leader, and the minor- gency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 opportunity scholarship compared with the ity leader of the House of Representatives. et seq.) to the extent necessary to block and schools attended by public school students (3) FINANCIAL INSTITUTION.—The term ‘‘fi- prohibit all transactions in property and in- described in subparagraph (A), to the extent nancial institution’’ means a financial insti- terests in property of each person described practicable.’’; and tution specified in subparagraph (A), (B), (C), in paragraph (2) if such property and inter- (iv) in subparagraph (G), by striking (D), (E), (F), (G), (H), (I), (J), (M), or (Y) of ests in property are in the United States, ‘‘achievement’’ and inserting ‘‘progress’’; section 5312(a)(2) of title 31, United States come within the United States, or are or and Code. come within the possession or control of a (4) in section 3014 (sec. 38–1853.14, D.C. Offi- (4) FOREIGN FINANCIAL INSTITUTION.—The United States person. cial Code)— term ‘‘foreign financial institution’’ has the (B) ALIENS INADMISSIBLE FOR VISAS, ADMIS- (A) in subsection (a), in the matter pre- meaning given that term in regulations pre- SION, OR PAROLE.— ceding paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘$60,000,000 scribed by the Secretary of the Treasury. (i) VISAS, ADMISSION, OR PAROLE.—An alien for fiscal year 2012 and for each fiscal year (5) KNOWINGLY.—The term ‘‘knowingly’’, described in paragraph (2) is— through fiscal year 2019’’ and inserting with respect to conduct, a circumstance, or a (I) inadmissible to the United States; ‘‘$75,000,000 for fiscal year 2020 and for each result, means that a person has actual (II) ineligible to receive a visa or other knowledge, or should have known, of the succeeding fiscal year’’; and documentation to enter the United States; conduct, the circumstance, or the result. (B) in subsection (b), by striking and (6) UNITED STATES FINANCIAL INSTITUTION.— ‘‘$60,000,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$75,000,000’’. (III) otherwise ineligible to be admitted or The term ‘‘United States financial institu- paroled into the United States or to receive SA 2395. Mr. CARDIN submitted an tion’’ has the meaning given that term in regulations prescribed by the Secretary of any other benefit under the Immigration and amendment intended to be proposed by Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.). him to the bill S. 4049, to authorize ap- the Treasury. (7) UNITED STATES PERSON.—The term (ii) CURRENT VISAS REVOKED.— propriations for fiscal year 2021 for ‘‘United States person’’ means— (I) IN GENERAL.—The visa or other entry military activities of the Department (A) a United States citizen or an alien law- documentation of an alien described in para- of Defense, for military construction, fully admitted for permanent residence to graph (2) shall be revoked, regardless of when and for defense activities of the De- the United States; or such visa or other entry documentation is or partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- (B) an entity organized under the laws of was issued. tary personnel strengths for such fiscal the United States or of any jurisdiction (II) IMMEDIATE EFFECT.—A revocation year, and for other purposes; which was within the United States, including a foreign under subclause (I) shall— (aa) take effect immediately; and ordered to lie on the table; as follows: branch of such an entity. SEC. 1292. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RE- (bb) automatically cancel any other valid At the end of subtitle E of title VIII, add SPECT TO GOVERNMENT OF RUS- visa or entry documentation that is in the the following: SIAN FEDERATION RELATING TO alien’s possession. BOUNTIES ON MEMBERS OF ARMED SEC. ll. TEMPORARY EXEMPTION FROM BUSI- (C) REJECTION OF TRANSACTIONS WITH DE- FORCES AND ALLIED FORCES IN AF- NESS ACTIVITY TARGETS. FENSE AND INTELLIGENCE SECTORS OF RUSSIAN GHANISTAN. During the period beginning on the date of FEDERATION.—The Secretary of the Treasury (a) CERTIFICATION AND REPORT.— enactment of this Act and ending on the date shall instruct all United States financial in- (1) CERTIFICATION REQUIRED.—Not later that is 18 months after that date of enact- than 15 days after the date of the enactment stitutions to reject all financial transactions ment, the Administrator of the Small Busi- of this Act, the Director of National Intel- involving any person on the list, as of the ness Administration may waive the require- ligence shall submit to the appropriate con- date of the enactment of this Act, produced ments under subparagraph (I) of section gressional committees and leadership a cer- by the Secretary of State pursuant to sec- 7(j)(10) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. tification with respect to— tion 231(e) of the Countering America’s Ad- 636(j)(10)) for small business concerns (as de- (A) whether or not the Government of the versaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. fined in section 3 of the Small Business Act Russian Federation, or proxies of that Gov- 9525(e)). (15 U.S.C. 632)) participating in the program ernment, was responsible for offering boun- (2) PERSONS DESCRIBED.—A person de- established under such section 7(j)(10) to at- ties for the killing of members of the Armed scribed in this paragraph is any of the fol- tain targeted dollar levels of revenue outside Forces of the United States or members of lowing: of the program. the Resolute Support Mission led by the (A) Vladimir Putin or any person acting North Atlantic Treaty Organization (com- for or on behalf of Vladimir Putin, including SA 2396. Mr. MENENDEZ submitted monly referred to as ‘‘NATO’’) in Afghani- any person managing any of his assets any- an amendment intended to be proposed stan; where in the world. to amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. (B) whether the information described in (B) Any senior official of the Government INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, to authorize subparagraph (A) was provided to— of the Russian Federation determined by the appropriations for fiscal year 2021 for (i) senior officials of the United States President to have been involved in the activ- military activities of the Department Government, including the President and the ity described in subsection (a)(1)(A). of Defense, for military construction, Vice President, and, if so, when that infor- (C) Any official of a defense or intelligence unit of that Government, including the Main and for defense activities of the De- mation was provided to those officials; and (ii) allies of the United States serving in Intelligence Agency of the General Staff of partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- Afghanistan under the NATO-led Resolute the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, tary personnel strengths for such fiscal Support Mission. if that unit is determined by the President year, and for other purposes; which was (2) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 15 to have been involved in the activity de- ordered to lie on the table; as follows: days after the date of the enactment of this scribed in subsection (a)(1)(A).

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00070 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.052 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4153 SEC. 1293. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RE- cial institutions or real estate in the Euro- for Fiscal Year 2015 (Public Law 113–291; 128 SPECT TO TRANSACTIONS WITH pean Union or United States. Stat. 3626; 10 U.S.C. 2271 note), as amended CERTAIN RUSSIAN POLITICAL FIG- SEC. 1294. IMPLEMENTATION; PENALTIES. by section 1607 of the National Defense Au- URES AND OLIGARCHS. (a) IMPLEMENTATION.—The President may thorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 (Public (a) IN GENERAL.—On and after the date Law 114–92; 129 Stat. 1100) and section 1602 of that is 30 days after the date of the enact- exercise all authorities provided under sec- the National Defense Authorization Act for ment of this Act, the President shall exercise tions 203 and 205 of the International Emer- Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114–328; 130 all of the powers granted to the President gency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 Stat. 2582); or under the International Emergency Eco- and 1704) to the extent necessary to carry (2) to prohibit a contractor or subcon- nomic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to out this subtitle. (b) PENALTIES.—A person that violates, at- tractor of the Department of Defense from the extent necessary to block and prohibit tempts to violate, conspires to violate, or acquiring components referred to in such all transactions in property and interests in causes a violation of the provisions of sub- section 1608. property of each person described in sub- paragraph (A) or (C) of section 1292(b)(1) or section (b), if such property and interests in section 1293(a), or any regulation, license, or SA 2397. Mr. KENNEDY submitted an property are in the United States, come order issued to carry out such provisions, within the United States, or are or come amendment intended to be proposed to shall be subject to the penalties set forth in within the possession or control of a United amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the States person. INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, to authorize International Emergency Economic Powers (b) PERSONS DESCRIBED.—The persons de- appropriations for fiscal year 2021 for Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a scribed in this subsection are— military activities of the Department (1) political figures, oligarchs, and other person that commits an unlawful act de- scribed in subsection (a) of that section. of Defense, for military construction, persons that facilitate illicit and corrupt ac- and for defense activities of the De- tivities, directly or indirectly, on behalf of SEC. 1295. EXCEPTIONS. the President of the Russian Federation, (a) INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES.—This subtitle partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- Vladimir Putin, and persons acting for or on shall not apply with respect to activities tary personnel strengths for such fiscal behalf of such political figures, oligarchs, subject to the reporting requirements under year, and for other purposes; which was and persons; title V of the National Security Act of 1947 ordered to lie on the table; as follows: (2) Russian parastatal entities that facili- (50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.) or any authorized in- At the end of subtitle C of title III, add the tate illicit and corrupt activities, directly or telligence activities of the United States. following: (b) EXCEPTION TO COMPLY WITH INTER- indirectly, on behalf of the President of the SEC. 333. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON INCLUSION OF NATIONAL OBLIGATIONS AND FOR LAW EN- Russian Federation, Vladimir Putin; CERTAIN MILITARY INSTALLATIONS (3) family members of persons described in FORCEMENT ACTIVITIES.—Sanctions under IN MQ–25 STINGRAY PROGRAM. paragraph (1) or (2) that derive significant section 1292(b)(1)(B) shall not apply with re- It is the sense of Congress that, when iden- benefits from such illicit and corrupt activi- spect to an alien if admitting or paroling the tifying military installations for the MQ–25 ties; and alien into the United States is necessary— Stingray, the Secretary of the Navy should (4) persons, including financial institu- (1) to permit the United States to comply assess the suitability of military installa- tions, that knowingly engage in significant with the Agreement regarding the Head- tions that— transactions with persons described in para- quarters of the United Nations, signed at (1) support at least one Navy Reserve graph (1), (2), or (3). Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into strike fighter squadron; and (c) UPDATED REPORT ON OLIGARCHS AND force November 21, 1947, between the United (2) do not currently have aircraft assigned PARASTATAL ENTITIES OF THE RUSSIAN FED- Nations and the United States, or other ap- that have air refueling as their primary mis- ERATION.—Section 241 of the Countering plicable international obligations; or sion. America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions (2) to carry out or assist law enforcement Act (Public Law 115–44; 131 Stat. 922) is activity in the United States. SA 2398. Mr. CRAMER submitted an amended— (c) EXCEPTION RELATING TO IMPORTATION OF GOODS.— amendment intended to be proposed to (1) by redesignating subsections (b) and (c) amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. as subsections (c) and (d), respectively; (1) IN GENERAL.—The authorities and re- (2) by inserting after subsection (a) the fol- quirements to impose sanctions under this INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, to authorize lowing: subtitle shall not include the authority or a appropriations for fiscal year 2021 for ‘‘(b) UPDATED REPORT.—Not later than 180 requirement to impose sanctions on the im- military activities of the Department days after the date of the enactment of the portation of goods. of Defense, for military construction, National Defense Authorization Act for Fis- (2) GOOD DEFINED.—In this subsection, the and for defense activities of the De- cal Year 2021, the Secretary of the Treasury, term ‘‘good’’ means any article, natural or partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- manmade substance, material, supply or in consultation with the Director of National tary personnel strengths for such fiscal Intelligence and the Secretary of State, shall manufactured product, including inspection submit to the appropriate congressional and test equipment, and excluding technical year, and for other purposes; which was committees an updated report on oligarchs data. ordered to lie on the table; as follows: and parastatal entities of the Russian Fed- (d) EXCEPTION RELATING TO ACTIVITIES OF At the appropriate place in title II, insert eration that builds on the report submitted THE NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE AD- the following: under subsection (a) on January 29, 2018, by— MINISTRATION.— SEC. lll. REPORT ON USE OF COMMERCIAL SO- ‘‘(1) including the matters described in (1) IN GENERAL.—This subtitle shall not LUTIONS FOR WIDEBAND SATELLITE paragraphs (1) through (5) of subsection (a); apply with respect to activities of the Na- COMMUNICATIONS ROAMING AND and tional Aeronautics and Space Administra- MULTIDOMAIN COMMAND AND CON- ‘‘(2) excluding from the portion of the re- tion. TROL CAPABILITIES. port responsive to paragraph (1) of sub- (2) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this No later than 180 days after enactment of section (a) any individual with respect to subtitle or the amendments made by this this Act, the Department of Defense shall which there is no credible information sug- title shall be construed to authorize the im- submit to the congressional defense commit- gesting the individual has the close financial position of any sanction or other condition, tees a plan for integrating a digital ground or political relationships, or engages in the limitation, restriction, or prohibition, that architecture that will utilize commercial in- illicit activities, described in subsection directly or indirectly impedes the supply by novations and solutions to enable wideband (a).’’; and any entity of the Russian Federation of any satellite communications users to transition (3) in subsection (c), as redesignated by product or service, or the procurement of between systems and networks and multi- paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘The report re- such product or service by any contractor or domain command and control capabilities quired under subsection (a)’’ and inserting subcontractor of the United States or any without unnecessary additional investment ‘‘The reports required by subsections (a) and other entity, relating to or in connection in terminal hardware. (b)’’. with any space launch conducted for— (d) STRATEGY REQUIRED.—Not later than 60 (A) the National Aeronautics and Space SA 2399. Mr. GRASSLEY (for himself days after the date of the enactment of this Administration; or and Mr. SANDERS) submitted an amend- Act, the President shall submit to the appro- (B) any other non-Department of Defense ment intended to be proposed to priate congressional committees and leader- customer. amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. ship a strategy describing how the President SEC. 1296. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION. INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, to authorize will coordinate with the European Union and Nothing in this subtitle shall be con- appropriations for fiscal year 2021 for its individual member countries with respect strued— military activities of the Department to efforts to deny Russian persons described (1) to supersede the limitations or excep- in the updated report required by subsection tions on the use of rocket engines for na- of Defense, for military construction, (b) of section 241 of the Countering America’s tional security purposes under section 1608 of and for defense activities of the De- Adversaries Through Sanctions Act, as the Carl Levin and Howard P. ‘‘Buck’’ partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- amended by subsection (c), access to finan- McKeon National Defense Authorization Act tary personnel strengths for such fiscal

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00071 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.053 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4154 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 year, and for other purposes; which was INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, to authorize ernment Publishing Office shall make avail- ordered to lie on the table; as follows: appropriations for fiscal year 2021 for able the facilities of the Government Pub- lishing Office for the prompt publication of At the end of subtitle A of title X, insert military activities of the Department the Federal Register in the manner and at the following: of Defense, for military construction, the times required by this chapter and the SEC. 1003. REPORT TO CONGRESS ON CERTAIN and for defense activities of the De- regulations prescribed under it. The contents EFFORTS IN CONNECTION WITH THE partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- of the daily issues shall be indexed and con- FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE. tary personnel strengths for such fiscal stitute all documents, required or authorized to be published, filed with the Office of the (a) REPORT REQUIRED.—No later than 120 year, and for other purposes; which was days after the date of the enactment of this ordered to lie on the table; as follows: Federal Register up to the time of the day Act, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to immediately preceding the day of publica- At the appropriate place, insert the fol- tion fixed by regulations under this chapter. Congress a report on the progress of the De- lowing: There shall be published with each document partment of the Defense in modernizing its SEC. ll. FEDERAL REGISTER MODERNIZATION. a copy of the notation, required to be made financial management enterprise. (a) REFERENCES TO PRINTING.—Chapter 15 by section 1503, of the day and hour when, (b) ELEMENTS.—The report required by sub- upon filing with the Office, the document section (a) shall include following: of title 44, United States Code, is amended— was made available for public inspection. (1) A description of the actions taken by (1) in section 1502— Distribution shall be made at a time in the the Department of Defense as part of the im- (A) in the heading, by striking ‘‘printing’’ and inserting ‘‘publishing’’; and morning of the day of distribution fixed by plementation of the Digital Modernization regulations prescribed under this chapter. Strategy to modernize the data, architec- (B) by striking ‘‘printing and distribution’’ and inserting ‘‘publishing’’; The prices to be charged for the Federal Reg- ture, and systems comprising its financial ister may be fixed by the Administrative management enterprise. (2) in section 1507— (A) by striking ‘‘the duplicate originals or Committee of the Federal Register estab- (2) The name of each financial manage- lished by section 1506 without reference to ment system in use by the Department, and certified copies of the document have’’ and inserting ‘‘the document has’’; and the restrictions placed upon and fixed for the an annotation of the data for which such sys- sale of Government publications by sections tem is the official system of record. (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘printed’’ and inserting ‘‘published’’; and 1705 and 1708.’’. (3) The anticipated date of retirement for OCUMENTS TO BE PUBLISHED IN FED- (3) in section 1509, in subsections (a) and (e) D each system named pursuant to paragraph ERAL REGISTER.—Section 1505 of title 44, (b), by striking ‘‘printing, reprinting, wrap- (2) that is planned to be retired. United States Code, is amended— ping, binding, and distributing’’ and insert- (4) A summary of the retirement plan for (1) in subsection (b)— ing ‘‘publishing’’, each place it appears. any system that will be retired, including (A) in the heading, by striking ‘‘COM- (b) PUBLISH DEFINED.—Section 1501 of title the manner in which data in such system MENTS’’ and inserting ‘‘NEWS COMMENTARY’’; 44, United States Code, is amended— will be transferred to a different system. and (1) by striking ‘‘; and’’ at the end of the (5) In the case of a system that is not (B) by striking ‘‘comments’’ and inserting definition for ‘‘person’’ and inserting a semi- planned for retirement, a justification of the ‘‘news commentary’’; colon; and determination not to retire such system. (2) by redesignating subsection (c) as sub- (2) by inserting after the definition for (6) The amount spent by the Department section (d); ‘‘person’’ the following: on operating and maintaining financial man- (3) by inserting after subsection (b) the fol- ‘‘ ‘publish’ means to circulate for sale or agement systems during the five fiscal years lowing new subsection: distribution to the public; and’’. ending with fiscal year 2020. ‘‘(c) ALTERNATIVE PUBLICATION.—In a con- (c) FILING DOCUMENTS WITH OFFICE AMEND- (7) The amount spent by the Department tinuity of operations event in which the Gov- MENT.—Section 1503 of title 44, United States ernment Publishing Office does not fulfill on acquiring or developing new financial Code, is amended to read as follows: management systems during such five fiscal the publication requirements of this chapter, years. ‘‘§ 1503. Filing documents with Office; nota- the Office of the Federal Register may estab- tion of time; public inspection; trans- lish a website to publish the Federal Reg- SA 2400. Mrs. FEINSTEIN (for herself mission for publishing ister until such time that the Government and Mr. LEAHY) submitted an amend- ‘‘The original document required or au- Publishing Office resumes publication.’’; and ment intended to be proposed by her to thorized to be published by section 1505 shall (4) in subsection (d), as so redesignated, in the matter following paragraph (2)— the bill S. 4049, to authorize appropria- be filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- ister for publication at times established by (A) by inserting ‘‘telecommunications, the tions for fiscal year 2021 for military the Administrative Committee of the Fed- Internet,’’ after ‘‘the press, the radio,’’; and activities of the Department of De- eral Register by regulation. The Archivist of (B) by striking ‘‘and two duplicate origi- fense, for military construction, and the United States shall cause to be noted on nals or two certified copies’’ and inserting for defense activities of the Depart- the original of each document the day and ‘‘document’’. ment of Energy, to prescribe military hour of filing. Upon filing, the document (f) ADMINISTRATIVE COMMITTEE OF THE FED- personnel strengths for such fiscal shall be immediately available for public in- ERAL REGISTER AMENDMENT.—Subsection (a) spection in the Office. The original shall be of section 1506 of title 44, United States Code, year, and for other purposes; which was is amended to read as follows: ordered to lie on the table; as follows: retained by the National Archives and Records Administration and shall be avail- ‘‘(a) COMPOSITION; DUTIES.—The Adminis- At the end of subtitle G of title X, add the able for inspection under regulations pre- trative Committee of the Federal Register following: scribed by the Archivist, unless such original shall consist of the Archivist of the United SEC. 1085. RESTRICTING THE USE OF EQUIPMENT is disposed of in accordance with disposal States or Acting Archivist, who shall chair the committee, an officer of the Department BY U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PRO- schedules submitted by the Administrative TECTION TO SUPPORT LAW EN- of Justice designated by the Attorney Gen- Committee and authorized by the Archivist FORCEMENT SURVEILLANCE OF eral, and the Director of the Government pursuant to regulations issued under chapter PROTESTS, ACTS OF CIVIL DISOBE- Publishing Office or Acting Director of the 33; however, originals of proclamations of DIENCE, OR SIMILAR ACTS PRO- Government Publishing Office. The Director TECTED BY THE FIRST AMENDMENT. the President and Executive orders shall be of the Federal Register shall act as secretary Section 2 of the Secure Fence Act of 2006 permanently retained by the Administration of the committee. The committee shall pre- (Public Law 109–367; 8 U.S.C. 1701 note) is as part of the National Archives of the scribe, with the approval of the President, amended by adding at the end the following: United States. The Office shall transmit to regulations for carrying out this chapter. ‘‘(d) RESTRICTIONS ON USE OF EQUIPMENT.— the Government Publishing Office, as pro- The regulations shall provide for, among Notwithstanding any other provision of law, vided by this chapter, each document re- other things— no office, unit, or subdivision of U.S. Cus- quired or authorized to be published by sec- ‘‘(1) the documents which shall be author- toms and Border Protection may use, or tion 1505. Every Federal agency shall cause ized under section 1505(b) to be published in transfer or make available to Federal, State, to be transmitted for filing the original of the Federal Register; local, Tribal, or territorial law enforcement all such documents issued, prescribed, or ‘‘(2) the manner and form in which the or other civil authorities for their use, any promulgated by the agency.’’. Federal Register shall be published; equipment for the surveillance of protests, (d) FEDERAL REGISTER AMENDMENT.—Sec- ‘‘(3) the manner and form in which agen- acts of civil disobedience, or similar acts tion 1504 of title 44, United States Code, is cies submit documents for publication in the protected by the First Amendment within amended to read as follows: Federal Register and special editions of the the United States for domestic law enforce- ‘‘§ 1504. ‘Federal Register’; publishing; con- Federal Register; ment purposes.’’. tents; distribution; price ‘‘(4) subject to subsection (b), the manner ‘‘Documents required or authorized to be of distribution to Members of Congress, offi- SA 2401. Mr. PERDUE (for himself published by section 1505 shall be published cers and employees of the United States, or and Mr. WHITEHOUSE) submitted an immediately by the Government Publishing Federal agency, for official use, and the amendment intended to be proposed to Office in a serial publication designated the number which shall be available for distribu- amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. ‘Federal Register’. The Director of the Gov- tion to the public;

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00072 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.053 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4155 ‘‘(5) the prices to be charged for individual ‘‘1503. Filing documents with Office; notation (ii) should make all efforts to provide and copies of, and subscriptions to, the Federal of time; public inspection; maintain open access to the internet and Register and any reprints and bound volumes transmission for publishing. other communications platforms; of it; ‘‘1504. ‘Federal Register’; publishing; con- (D) emergency measures should not dis- ‘‘(6) the manner and form by which the tents; distribution; price.’’. criminate against any segment of the popu- Federal Register may receive information lation, including minorities, vulnerable indi- and comments from the public, if practicable viduals, and marginalized groups; and efficient; and SA 2402. Mrs. BLACKBURN (for Mr. (E) monitoring systems put in place to ‘‘(7) special editions of the Federal Reg- MARKEY (for himself, Mrs. LOEFFLER, track and reduce the impact of the novel ister.’’. Mr. MURPHY, and Mr. MERKLEY)) sub- coronavirus should, at a minimum— (g) CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS AMEND- mitted an amendment intended to be (i) abide by privacy best practices involv- MENT.—Section 1510 of title 44, United States proposed to amendment SA 2301 pro- ing data anonymization and aggregation; (ii) be administered in an open and trans- Code, is amended to read as follows: posed by Mr. INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, ‘‘§ 1510. Code of Federal Regulations parent manner; to authorize appropriations for fiscal (iii) be scientifically justified and nec- ‘‘(a) SPECIAL EDITION FOR CODIFICATION OF year 2021 for military activities of the essary to limit the spread of disease; AGENCY DOCUMENTS.—The Administrative Department of Defense, for military (iv) be employed for a limited duration of Committee of the Federal Register, with the construction, and for defense activities time in correspondence with the system’s approval of the President, may require, from of the Department of Energy, to pre- public health objective; time to time as it considers necessary, the (v) be subject to independent oversight; preparation and publication in a special edi- scribe military personnel strengths for such fiscal year, and for other pur- (vi) incorporate reasonable data security tion of the Federal Register a complete codi- measures; and fication of the documents of each agency of poses; which was ordered to lie on the (vii) be firewalled from other commercial the Government having general applicability table; as follows: and governmental uses, such as law enforce- and legal effect, issued or promulgated by At the appropriate place, insert the fol- ment and the enforcement of immigration the agency by publication in the Federal lowing: policies; and Register or by filing with the Administrative (F) governments should take every feasible lll Committee, and which are relied upon by the SEC. . PROTECTING HUMAN RIGHTS DUR- measure to protect the administration of agency as authority for, or are invoked or ING NOVEL CORONAVIRUS PAN- DEMIC. free and fair elections. used by it in the discharge of, its activities (b) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy or functions, and are in effect as to facts (a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the Sense of of the United States— arising on or after dates specified by the Ad- Congress that— (1) to encourage the protection and pro- ministrative Committee. (1) the United States should lead the inter- motion of internationally recognized human ‘‘(b) CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS.—A national community in its efforts to respond rights at home and abroad at all times and codification prepared under subsection (a) of to the novel coronavirus pandemic; especially during the novel coronavirus pan- this section shall be published and shall be (2) the United States, in implementing demic; designated as the ‘Code of Federal Regula- emergency policies at home and through its (2) to support freedom of expression and tions’. The Administrative Committee shall diplomacy and foreign assistance abroad, freedom of the press in the United States and regulate the manner and forms of publishing should promote the protection of inter- elsewhere, which freedoms are critical to en- this codification. nationally recognized human rights during suring public dissemination of, and access to, ‘‘(c) SUPPLEMENTATION, COLLATION, AND RE- and after the coronavirus pandemic; accurate information about the novel PUBLICATION.—The Administrative Com- (3) the Department of State and the United coronavirus pandemic, including information mittee shall regulate the supplementation States Agency for International Develop- authorities need to enact science-based poli- and the collation and republication of the ment (referred to in this section as cies that limit the spread and impact of the codification with a view to keeping the Code ‘‘USAID’’) should provide assistance and im- virus, while protecting human rights; of Federal Regulations as current as prac- plement programs, directly or through non- (3) to support multilateral efforts to ad- ticable. Each unit of codification shall be governmental organizations or international dress the novel coronavirus pandemic; and supplemented and republished at least once organizations, that— (4) to oppose the use of the novel each calendar year. The Office of the Federal (A) support democratic institutions, civil coronavirus pandemic as a justification for Register may create updates of each unit of society, free media, and other internation- the enactment of laws and policies that use codification from time to time and make the ally recognized human rights during, and in states of emergency to violate or otherwise same available electronically or may provide the aftermath of, the novel coronavirus pan- restrict the human rights of citizens, incon- public access using an electronic edition demic; and sistent with the principles of limitation and that allows a user to select a specific date (B) ensure attention to countries in which derogation, and without clear scientific or and retrieve the version of the codification the government’s response to the pandemic public health justifications, including the in effect as of that date. violated human rights and democratic coercive, arbitrary, disproportionate, or un- ‘‘(d) PREPARATION AND PUBLICATION BY THE norms; and lawful use of surveillance technology. FEDERAL REGISTER.—The Office of the Fed- (4) in implementing emergency policies in (c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: eral Register shall prepare and publish the response to the novel coronavirus pan- (1) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT- codifications, supplements, collations, indi- demic— TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional ces, and user aids authorized by this section. (A) governments should fully respect and committees’’ means— ‘‘(e) PRIMA FACIE EVIDENCE.—The codified comply with internationally recognized (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of documents of the several agencies published human rights, including the rights to life, the Senate; in the Code of Federal Regulations under liberty, and security of the person, the free- (B) the Committee on Appropriations of this section, as amended by documents sub- doms of movement, religion, speech, peaceful the Senate; sequently filed with the Office and published assembly, association, freedom of expression (C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of in the daily issues of the Federal Register, and of the press, and the freedom from arbi- the House of Representatives; and shall be prima facie evidence of the text of trary detention, discrimination, or invasion (D) the Committee on Appropriations of the documents and of the fact that they are of privacy; the House of Representatives. in effect on and after the date of publication. (B) emergency restrictions or powers that (2) INTERNATIONALLY RECOGNIZED HUMAN ‘‘(f) REGULATIONS.—The Administrative impact internationally recognized human RIGHTS.—The term ‘‘internationally recog- Committee, with approval of the President, rights, including the rights to freedom of as- nized human rights’’ means— shall issue regulations for carrying out this sembly, association, and movement should (A) the human rights enshrined in the Uni- section. be— versal Declaration of Human Rights, includ- ‘‘(g) EXCEPTION.—This section does not re- (i) narrowly tailored, proportionate, and ing the rights to life, liberty, security of per- quire codification of the text of Presidential necessary to the government’s legitimate son, the freedom of movement, religion, documents published and periodically com- goal of ending the pandemic; speech, peaceful assembly, association, free- piled in supplements to title 3 of the Code of (ii) limited in duration; dom of expression and the press, the freedom Federal Regulations.’’. (iii) clearly communicated to the popu- from arbitrary detention, discrimination, or (h) TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMEND- lation; invasion of privacy; and MENTS.—The table of sections for chapter 15 (iv) subject to independent government (B) all other rights indispensable for of title 44, United States Code, is amended by oversight; and human dignity. striking the items related to sections 1502, (v) implemented in a nondiscriminatory (d) FUNDING FOR PROGRAMS AND COUN- 1503, and 1504 and inserting the following: and fully transparent manner; TRIES.— (C) governments— (1) PROGRAM PRIORITIES.—Amounts appro- ‘‘1502. Custody and publishing of Federal doc- (i) should not place any limits or other re- priated pursuant to subsection (g) may be uments; appointment of Direc- strictions on, or criminalize, the free flow of made available for fiscal years 2020 through tor. information; and 2025, to carry out the Foreign Assistance Act

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00073 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.060 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4156 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.), including pro- (iii) women and ethnic, religious, sexual, ing sanctions imposed on such persons under grams to support democratic institutions, and other minority, vulnerable, or United States law. freedom of the press, civil society, and marginalized populations; and (f) COUNTRY REPORTS ON HUMAN RIGHTS human rights defenders in countries where (iv) the government’s efforts and ability to PRACTICES.— government measures taken in response to control the pandemic; (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 116(f)(1) of the the novel coronavirus pandemic, including (D) whether any foreign person or persons Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. emergency measures, violated or seriously within a country have been determined to 2151n(f)(1)) is amended— undermined internationally recognized have committed gross violations of inter- (A) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as human rights according to the principles set nationally recognized human rights during subparagraph (D); and forth in subsection (a)(4). Programs carried the novel coronavirus pandemic response, in- (B) by inserting after subparagraph (B) the out under this paragraph shall be designed— cluding any sanctions imposed on such per- following: (A) to strengthen and support all inter- sons in accordance with United States law; ‘‘(C) A description of— nationally recognized human rights, freedom (E) actions taken by the Global Engage- ‘‘(i) any misuse by the government of such of the press, human rights defenders, and ment Center established under section 1287 of country of any emergency powers; ‘‘(ii) any failure by the government of such civil society; and the National Defense Authorization Act for country— (B) to restore and strengthen democratic Fiscal Year 2017 (22 U.S.C. 2656 note) to ‘‘(I) to state the specific duration of the institutions. counter disinformation related to the novel powers referred to in clause (i); (2) STRATEGY.— coronavirus pandemic; and (A) INITIAL STRATEGY.—Not later than 30 ‘‘(II) to clearly articulate the purposes of (F) the United States Government’s efforts such powers; or days after the date of the enactment of this around the world— Act, the Secretary of State and the Adminis- ‘‘(III) to notify the United Nations regard- (i) to counter disinformation related to the ing the use of such powers, as required by ap- trator of USAID shall jointly submit an ini- novel coronavirus pandemic; and tial strategy for carrying out the programs plicable treaty; (ii) to disseminate accurate information ‘‘(iii) any failure by the government of referred to in paragraph (1) to the appro- about the pandemic. priate congressional committees. such country— (2) MONTHLY REPORTS.—Not later than 30 ‘‘(I) to abide by the stated purposes of the (B) STRATEGIC PLAN.—Not later than 90 days after the publication of the report re- powers referred to in clause (i); or days after the date of the enactment of this quired under paragraph (1), and monthly Act, the Secretary of State and the Adminis- ‘‘(II) to cease the use of such powers after thereafter until the date that is 60 days after any specified term expires; trator of USAID shall submit a 5-year stra- the date on which the World Health Organi- ‘‘(iv) any violations by the government of tegic plan to the appropriate congressional zation declares that the novel coronavirus such country of non-derogable rights; committees that lays out the steps the De- pandemic has ended, the Department of ‘‘(v) any discriminatory implementation partment of State and USAID will take, State and the United States Agency for by such government of the powers referred to through diplomacy and foreign assistance, to International Development shall provide, to in clause (i); address the persistent issues related to inter- the appropriate congressional committees— ‘‘(vi) the impact of such powers on the ac- nationally recognized human rights in the (A) a briefing containing updates on any cess of the people of such country to health aftermath of the novel coronavirus response, new developments related to issues covered care services; and including identifying the resources nec- in the report published under paragraph (1); ‘‘(vii) the development and proliferation of essary to implement such strategic plan. and surveillance technologies in such country, (3) CONDITIONING OF SECURITY SECTOR AS- (B) a list of the countries that have re- including new or emerging technologies used SISTANCE.—Section 502B(a)(4) of the Foreign moved coronavirus-related emergency re- by the government of such country in the Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2304) is strictions impacting internationally recog- surveillance of civilian populations in ways amended— nized human rights, including details regard- that are inconsistent with the standards de- (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘or’’ ing the restrictions that were removed. scribed in subsection (a)(4)(E) of the Pro- at the end; (3) FINAL REPORT.—Not later than 90 days tecting Human Rights During Pandemic (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking the pe- after the date on which the World Health Or- Act.’’. riod at the end and inserting ‘‘; or’’; and ganization declares that the novel (2) HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT.— (C) by adding at the end the following: coronavirus pandemic has ended, the Sec- (A) IN GENERAL.—Section 502B(b) of the ‘‘(C) has engaged in the systematic viola- retary of State shall submit a report to the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. tion of internationally recognized human appropriate congressional committees that— 2304(b) is amended by inserting ‘‘Each report rights through the use of emergency laws, (A) lists the countries whose emergency under this section shall include the informa- policies, or administrative procedures.’’. measures or other legal actions limiting tion described in section 116(f)(1)(C).’’ after (e) REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.— internationally recognized human rights in a ‘‘the Secretary of State.’’. (1) INITIAL REPORT.—Not later than 60 days manner inconsistent with the principles of (B) BRIEFING.—The Assistant Secretary of after the date of the enactment of this Act, limitation and derogation extended beyond State for Democracy, Human Rights, and the Secretary of State shall publish on the the end of the pandemic; Labor shall be available to brief the Com- Department of State website, and submit to (B) describes such countries’ emergency mittee on Foreign Relations of the Senate the appropriate congressional committees, a measures, including— and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the report that describes— (i) how such procedures violate or seriously House of Representatives regarding the an- (A) for each country and territory included undermine internationally recognized nual Country Reports on Human Rights in the annual Country Reports on Human human rights; and Practices during the 90-day period beginning Rights Practices, whether and how each (ii) an analysis of the impact of such meas- on the date on which the reports are re- country or territory has adhered to the prin- ures on— leased. ciples set forth in subsection (a)(4) in re- (I) the government’s efforts and ability to (g) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— sponding to the novel coronavirus pandemic; control the pandemic within the country; There are authorized to be appropriated such (B) with regard to each country in which (II) the population’s access to health care sums as may be necessary to carry out— the response to the novel coronavirus pan- services; (1) the strategy described in subsection demic violated or seriously undermined (III) the population’s access to services for (d)(2)(A); internationally recognized human rights in a survivors of violence and abuse; and (2) the 5-year strategic plan described in manner inconsistent with the principles of (IV) women and ethnic, religious, sexual, subsection (d)(2)(B); and limitation and derogation, a description of— and other minority, vulnerable, or (3) the reporting requirements set forth in (i) the actions of the United States Govern- marginalized populations; subsection (e). ment to address such restrictions through di- (C) describes— plomacy and the use of foreign assistance; (i) any surveillance measures implemented SA 2403. Mr. VAN HOLLEN (for him- and or utilized by the governments of such coun- self and Mr. CARDIN) submitted an (ii) any efforts made by each country to re- tries as part of the novel coronavirus pan- amendment intended to be proposed by spond to and resolve such human rights con- demic response; him to the bill S. 4049, to authorize ap- cerns; (ii) the extent to which such measures propriations for fiscal year 2021 for (C) with regard to each country in which have been, or have not been, rolled back; and military activities of the Department the response to the coronavirus pandemic (iii) whether and how such measures im- of Defense, for military construction, violated or seriously undermined inter- pact internationally recognized human and for defense activities of the De- nationally recognized human rights, a de- rights; and scription of the impact of noncompliant poli- (D) indicates whether any foreign person or partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- cies on— persons within a country have been deter- tary personnel strengths for such fiscal (i) the population’s access to health care mined to have committed gross violations of year, and for other purposes; which was services; internationally recognized human rights ordered to lie on the table; as follows: (ii) the population’s access to services for during the novel coronavirus pandemic re- At the end of subtitle A of title XXVIII, in- survivors of violence and abuse; sponse, including a description of any result- sert the following:

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00074 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.048 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4157 SEC. 2806. INCREASED AUTHORITY FOR LABORA- dent of the United States’’ and inserting SEC. lll4. CONFORMING AMENDMENTS TO TORY REVITALIZATION PROJECTS. ‘‘Mayor of the District of Columbia’’. TITLE 32, UNITED STATES CODE. Section 2805(d) of title 10, United States (4) Section 19 of such Act (sec. 49–311, D.C. (a) MAINTENANCE OF OTHER TROOPS.—Sec- Code, is amended by striking ‘‘$6,000,000’’ Official Code) is amended— tion 109(c) of title 32, United States Code, is each place it appears and inserting (A) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘to the amended by striking ‘‘(or commanding gen- ‘‘$10,000,000’’. Secretary of the Army’’ and all that follows eral in the case of the District of Colum- through ‘‘which board’’ and inserting ‘‘to a bia)’’. (b) DRUG INTERDICTION AND COUNTER-DRUG SA 2404. Mr. VAN HOLLEN (for him- board of examination appointed by the Com- ACTIVITIES.—Section 112(h)(2) of such title is self and Mr. CARDIN) submitted an manding General, which’’; and amended by striking ‘‘the Commanding Gen- (B) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘the Sec- amendment intended to be proposed by eral of the National Guard of the District of retary of the Army’’ and all that follows him to the bill S. 4049, to authorize ap- Columbia’’ and inserting ‘‘the Mayor of the propriations for fiscal year 2021 for through the period and inserting ‘‘the Mayor District of Columbia’’. of the District of Columbia, together with military activities of the Department (c) ADDITIONAL ASSISTANCE.—Section 113 of any recommendations of the Commanding such title is amended by adding at the end of Defense, for military construction, General.’’. and for defense activities of the De- the following new subsection: (5) Section 20 of such Act (sec. 49–312, D.C. ‘‘(e) INCLUSION OF DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.— partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- Official Code) is amended— In this section, the term ‘State’ includes the tary personnel strengths for such fiscal (A) by striking ‘‘President of the United District of Columbia.’’. year, and for other purposes; which was States’’ each place it appears and inserting (d) APPOINTMENT OF ADJUTANT GENERAL.— ordered to lie on the table; as follows: ‘‘Mayor of the District of Columbia’’; and Section 314 of such title is amended— (B) by striking ‘‘the President may retire’’ (1) by striking subsection (b); At the appropriate place in title VII, insert and inserting ‘‘the Mayor may retire’’. (2) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) the following: (d) CALL FOR DUTY.—(1) Section 45 of such as subsections (b) and (c), respectively; and SEC. llll. PROHIBITION ON REDUCTION IN Act (sec. 49–103, D.C. Official Code) is amend- (3) in subsection (b) (as so redesignated), by GRADUATES FROM UNIFORMED striking ‘‘the commanding general of the SERVICES UNIVERSITY OF THE ed by striking ‘‘, or for the United States HEALTH SCIENCES. Marshal’’ and all that follows through ‘‘shall District of Columbia National Guard’’ and The Secretary of Defense may not reduce thereupon order’’ and inserting ‘‘to order’’. inserting ‘‘the Mayor of the District of Co- the annual number of graduates from the (2) Section 46 of such Act (sec. 49–104, D.C. lumbia,’’. (e) RELIEF FROM NATIONAL GUARD DUTY.— Uniformed Services University of the Health Official Code) is amended by striking ‘‘the President’’ and inserting ‘‘the Mayor of the Section 325(a)(2)(B) of such title is amended Sciences from the number that graduated in by striking ‘‘commanding general of the Dis- 2019. District of Columbia’’. (e) GENERAL COURTS MARTIAL.—Section 51 trict of Columbia National Guard’’ and in- serting ‘‘the Mayor of the District of Colum- SA 2405. Mr. VAN HOLLEN (for him- of such Act (sec. 49–503, D.C. Official Code) is amended by striking ‘‘the President of the bia’’. self, Mr. CARPER, Mr. BLUMENTHAL, Ms. (f) AUTHORITY TO ORDER TO PERFORM AC- United States’’ and inserting ‘‘the Mayor of TIVE GUARD AND RESERVE DUTY.— BALDWIN, Mr. MARKEY, Mr. WYDEN, Mr. the District of Columbia’’. LEAHY, Mr. CARDIN, Mr. DURBIN, and (1) AUTHORITY.—Subsection (a) of section SEC. lll. CONFORMING AMENDMENTS TO 328 of such title is amended by striking ‘‘the Mr. KAINE) submitted an amendment TITLE 10, UNITED STATES CODE. intended to be proposed by him to the commanding general’’ and inserting ‘‘the (a) FAILURE TO SATISFACTORILY PERFORM Mayor of the District of Columbia after con- bill S. 4049, to authorize appropriations PRESCRIBED TRAINING.—Section 10148(b) of sultation with the commanding general’’. for fiscal year 2021 for military activi- title 10, United States Code, is amended by (2) CLERICAL AMENDMENTS.— ties of the Department of Defense, for striking ‘‘the commanding general of the (A) SECTION HEADING.—The heading of such military construction, and for defense District of Columbia National Guard’’ and section is amended to read as follows: inserting ‘‘the Mayor of the District of Co- activities of the Department of Energy, ‘‘§ 328. Active Guard and Reserve duty: au- to prescribe military personnel lumbia’’. thority of chief executive’’. (b) APPOINTMENT OF CHIEF OF NATIONAL (B) TABLE OF SECTIONS.—The table of sec- strengths for such fiscal year, and for GUARD BUREAU.—Section 10502(a)(1) of such other purposes; which was ordered to title is amended by striking ‘‘the com- tions at the beginning of chapter 3 of such lie on the table; as follows: manding general of the District of Columbia title is amended by striking the item relat- ing to section 328 and inserting the following At the end of title IX, add the following: National Guard’’ and inserting ‘‘the Mayor of the District of Columbia’’. new item: Subtitle E—District of Columbia National (c) VICE CHIEF OF NATIONAL GUARD BU- ‘‘328. Active Guard and Reserve duty: author- Guard Home Rule REAU.—Section 10505(a)(1)(A) of such title is ity of chief executive.’’. SEC. lll. SHORT TITLE. amended by striking ‘‘the commanding gen- (g) PERSONNEL MATTERS.—Section 505 of This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘District eral of the District of Columbia National such title is amended by striking ‘‘com- manding general of the National Guard of of Columbia National Guard Home Rule Guard’’ and inserting ‘‘the Mayor of the Dis- the District of Columbia’’ in the first sen- Act’’. trict of Columbia’’. tence and inserting ‘‘Mayor of the District of (d) OTHER SENIOR NATIONAL GUARD BUREAU SEC. lll. EXTENSION OF NATIONAL GUARD AU- Columbia’’. OFFICERS.—Section 10506(a)(1) of such title is THORITIES TO MAYOR OF THE DIS- (h) NATIONAL GUARD CHALLENGE PRO- TRICT OF COLUMBIA. amended by striking ‘‘the commanding gen- GRAM.—Section 509 of such title is amended— (a) MAYOR AS COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF.—Sec- eral of the District of Columbia National (1) in subsection (c)(1), by striking ‘‘the tion 6 of the Act entitled ‘‘An Act to provide Guard’’ both places it appears and inserting commanding general of the District of Co- for the organization of the militia of the Dis- ‘‘the Mayor of the District of Columbia’’. lumbia National Guard, under which the trict of Columbia, and for other purposes’’, (e) CONSENT FOR ACTIVE DUTY OR RELOCA- Governor or the commanding general’’ and approved March 1, 1889 (sec. 49–409, D.C. Offi- TION.—(1) Section 12301 of such title is inserting ‘‘the Mayor of the District of Co- cial Code), is amended by striking ‘‘Presi- amended— lumbia, under which the Governor or the dent of the United States’’ and inserting (A) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘com- Mayor’’; ‘‘Mayor of the District of Columbia’’. manding general of the District of Columbia (2) in subsection (g)(2), by striking ‘‘the (b) RESERVE CORPS.—Section 72 of such Act National Guard’’ in the second sentence and commanding general of the District of Co- (sec. 49–407, D.C. Official Code) is amended by inserting ‘‘Mayor of the District of Colum- lumbia National Guard’’ and inserting ‘‘the striking ‘‘President of the United States’’ bia’’; and Mayor of the District of Columbia’’; each place it appears and inserting ‘‘Mayor (B) in subsection (d), by striking the period (3) in subsection (j), by striking ‘‘the com- of the District of Columbia’’. at the end and inserting the following: ‘‘, or, manding general of the District of Columbia (c) APPOINTMENT OF COMMISSIONED OFFI- in the case of the District of Columbia Na- National Guard’’ and inserting ‘‘the Mayor CERS.—(1) Section 7(a) of such Act (sec. 49– tional Guard, the Mayor of the District of of the District of Columbia’’; and 301(a), D.C. Official Code) is amended— Columbia.’’. (4) in subsection (k), by striking ‘‘the com- (A) by striking ‘‘President of the United (2) Section 12406 of such title is amended manding general of the District of Columbia States’’ and inserting ‘‘Mayor of the District by striking ‘‘the commanding general of the National Guard’’ and inserting ‘‘the Mayor of Columbia’’; and National Guard of the District of Columbia’’ of the District of Columbia’’. (B) by striking ‘‘President.’’ and inserting and inserting ‘‘the Mayor of the District of (i) ISSUANCE OF SUPPLIES.—Section 702(a) ‘‘Mayor.’’. Columbia’’. of such title is amended by striking ‘‘com- (2) Section 9 of such Act (sec. 49–304, D.C. (f) CONSENT FOR RELOCATION OF UNITS.— manding general of the National Guard of Official Code) is amended by striking ‘‘Presi- Section 18238 of such title is amended by the District of Columbia’’ and inserting dent’’ and inserting ‘‘Mayor of the District striking ‘‘the commanding general of the Na- ‘‘Mayor of the District of Columbia’’. of Columbia’’. tional Guard of the District of Columbia’’ (j) APPOINTMENT OF FISCAL OFFICER.—Sec- (3) Section 13 of such Act (sec. 49–305, D.C. and inserting ‘‘the Mayor of the District of tion 708(a) of such title is amended by strik- Official Code) is amended by striking ‘‘Presi- Columbia’’. ing ‘‘commanding general of the National

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00075 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.048 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4158 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 Guard of the District of Columbia’’ and in- At the appropriate place in title XVI, in- to secure the release of all Americans held serting ‘‘Mayor of the District of Columbia’’. sert the following: hostage by the Taliban, Haqqani Network, or SEC. lll. CONFORMING AMENDMENT TO THE SEC. llll. NATIONAL RECONNAISSANCE OF- any other group in Afghanistan or Pakistan; DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA HOME RULE FICE FUTURE COMMERCIAL and ACT. SOURCES OF SATELLITE IMAGERY. (2) the Office of the Special Presidential Section 602(b) of the District of Columbia (a) FINDINGS.—The Senate finds the fol- Envoy for Hostage Affairs should regularly Home Rule Act (sec. 1–206.02(b), D.C. Official lowing: brief Congress on its efforts. Code) is amended by striking ‘‘the National (1) The National Reconnaissance Office Guard of the District of Columbia,’’. (NRO) is moving forward with acquiring SA 2409. Mr. MENENDEZ submitted commercial satellite imagery following the an amendment intended to be proposed Mr. UDALL (for himself, Mr. SA 2406. end of the decade-long EnhancedView con- by him to the bill S. 4049, to authorize LEAHY, Mr. HEINRICH, Mr. BLUMENTHAL, tract, set to end at the end of fiscal year appropriations for fiscal year 2021 for Mr. WYDEN, Ms. WARREN, and Mr. 2020. military activities of the Department MENENDEZ) submitted an amendment (2) The Director of the National Reconnais- of Defense, for military construction, intended to be proposed by him to the sance Office expects to continue a program of open competition likely leading to con- and for defense activities of the De- bill S. 4049, to authorize appropriations tracts with multiple awardees. partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- for fiscal year 2021 for military activi- (3) The Office continues to be responsive to tary personnel strengths for such fiscal ties of the Department of Defense, for the requirements of the National Geospatial- year, and for other purposes; which was military construction, and for defense Intelligence Agency (NGA) and the broader ordered to lie on the table; as follows: activities of the Department of Energy, Department of Defense geospatial-intel- to prescribe military personnel ligence (GEOINT) user community, including At the end of subtitle C of title XII of divi- sion A, add the following: strengths for such fiscal year, and for the combatant commands (COCOMs), func- other purposes; which was ordered to tional commands, and other key elements of SEC. 1224. ASSISTANCE TO THE PEOPLE OF the Armed Forces, including fulfilling the SYRIA. lie on the table; as follows: geospatial-intelligence requirements of the (a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the fol- At the appropriate place, insert the fol- user community to the greatest extent. lowing findings: lowing: (4) The Office is working proactively with (1) As of November 14, 2019, according to SEC. lll. MANDATORY DISCLOSURE OF TRUMP industry to apply commercial solutions to the United Nations Office for the Coordina- ORGANIZATION FOREIGN PROPERTY known intelligence, surveillance, and recon- tion of Humanitarian Affairs, more than INTERESTS. naissance gaps as much as possible. 190,000 Syrian Kurdish civilians are inter- (a) DEFINED TERM.—In this section, the (b) BRIEFING REQUIRED.—Not later than 90 nally displaced and more than 400,000 civil- term ‘‘appropriate congressional commit- days after the date of the enactment of this ians in the Syrian conflict zone will have sig- tees’’ means— Act, the Director of the National Reconnais- nificant humanitarian needs in Kurdish-con- (1) the Committee on Armed Services of sance Office shall submit to the appropriate trolled areas of northeastern Syria as a re- the Senate; committees of Congress a briefing on the sult of ongoing Turkish operations against (2) the Committee on Appropriations of the plans of the Director to support the continu- Syrian Democratic Forces. Senate; ation of commercial data acquisitions. (2) Members of the Syrian Democratic (3) the Committee on Banking, Housing, (c) ELEMENTS.—The briefing required under Forces have fought on the front lines against and Urban Affairs of the Senate; subsection (b) shall cover the following: the Islamic State, in partnership and with (4) the Committee on Finance of the Sen- (1) Identification of new commercial pro- the close support of the United States and ate; viders or new commercial data sets and solu- its allies and partners. (5) the Committee on Foreign Relations of tions. (b) HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE.— the Senate; (2) Plans for transitioning providers from (1) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of (6) the Committee on Armed Services of pilot programs to operational contracts. Congress that all parties to the conflict in the House of Representatives; (3) How user needs previously met by the Syria should uphold international humani- (7) the Committee on Appropriations of the EnhancedView contract will be met or ex- tarian principles by facilitating and expand- House of Representatives; ceeded by follow-on contracts. ing humanitarian access across Syria and (8) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the (4) On-ramps for new capabilities respon- supporting the rapid, safe, and unhindered House of Representatives; and sive to additional user needs. delivery of humanitarian assistance to those (9) the Committee on Ways and Means of (d) DEFINITION OF APPROPRIATE COMMIT- in greatest need. the House of Representatives. TEES OF CONGRESS.—In this section, the term (2) AUTHORIZATION.—The President is au- (b) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 30 days ‘‘appropriate committees of Congress’’ thorized to provide assistance authorized to after the date of the enactment of this Act, means— be appropriated or otherwise made available and every 30 days thereafter while President (1) the Committee on Armed Services, the to carry out the purposes of the Foreign As- Donald J. Trump remains in office, the Select Committee on Intelligence, and the sistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.), President shall submit a report to the appro- Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; section 202 of the Food for Peace Act (7 priate congressional committees that— and U.S.C. 1722), and subsections (a) through (c) (1) identifies all residential and commer- (2) the Committee on Armed Services, the of section 2 of the Migration and Refugee As- cial tenants leasing space in a foreign prop- Permanent Select Committee on Intel- sistance Act of 1962 (22 U.S.C. 2601) to meet erty owned or managed by the Trump Orga- ligence, and the Committee on Appropria- the urgent humanitarian needs of Syrian ref- nization (including its subsidiaries), includ- tions of the House of Representatives. ugees and displaced persons, as well as com- ing beneficial ownership information and na- SA 2408. Ms. DUCKWORTH (for Mr. munities hosting significant numbers of Syr- tionality for each tenant listed as a limited ian refugees and displaced persons, in ac- liability company; MARKEY (for himself, Ms. WARREN, Ms. cordance with established international hu- (2) discloses, for each of the calendar years DUCKWORTH, and Mr. DURBIN)) sub- manitarian principles. 2017, 2018, and 2019, the total income earned mitted an amendment intended to be (c) REPORT ON ACCOUNTABILITY FOR VIOLA- by the Trump Organization from any licens- proposed to amendment SA 2301 pro- TIONS OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, INCLUDING WAR ing agreements for foreign properties re- posed by Mr. INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, CRIMES, AND OTHER HARM TO CIVILIANS IN ferred to in paragraph (1); and to authorize appropriations for fiscal SYRIA DURING THE TURKISH INCURSION.— (3) includes copies of all active licensing year 2021 for military activities of the (1) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of agreements signed by a representative of the Department of Defense, for military Congress that— Trump Organization for foreign properties construction, and for defense activities (A) Turkish and pro-Turkish forces should referred to in paragraph (1). end all practices involving arbitrary arrests, of the Department of Energy, to pre- enforced disappearances, torture, arbitrary SA 2407. Mr. UDALL submitted an scribe military personnel strengths for executions, and other unlawful treatment; amendment intended to be proposed to such fiscal year, and for other pur- and amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. poses; which was ordered to lie on the (B) all parties in the Turkish incursion INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, to authorize table; as follows: should reveal the fate or the location of all appropriations for fiscal year 2021 for At the end of subtitle B of title XII, add persons who have been subjected to enforced military activities of the Department the following: disappearance. (2) REPORT.— of Defense, for military construction, SEC. 1216. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON EFFORTS TO and for defense activities of the De- SECURE THE RELEASE OF ALL (A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days AMERICANS HELD HOSTAGE IN AF- after the date of the enactment of this Act, partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- GHANISTAN OR PAKISTAN. the Secretary of State shall review evidence tary personnel strengths for such fiscal It is the sense of Congress that— of these crimes committed by groups year, and for other purposes; which was (1) the President and the Department of equipped and supported by Turkey, as au- ordered to lie on the table; as follows: State should prioritize and continue efforts thorized by the Syrian war crimes provision

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00076 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.058 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4159 in section 1232 of the John S. McCain Na- the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 the Secretary of State, in consultation with tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal U.S.C. 1151(b)(2)(A)(i) and 1153(a)) in the the Secretary of Defense, shall publish Year 2019, and submit to the appropriate con- United States. guidelines for evaluating petitions under gressional committees a report that de- (2) ELIGIBILITY FOR ADMISSION AS A REF- this subsection. scribes the causes and consequences of civil- UGEE.—An alien may not be denied the op- (C) APPROVAL PROCESS.— ian harm occurring during the Turkish in- portunity to apply for admission as a refugee (i) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in cursion into northeast Syria, including vio- under this subsection solely because such clause (ii), a petition may not be approved lations of the law of armed conflict, and alien qualifies as an immediate relative of a under this subsection unless the rec- gross violations of human rights as a result national of the United States or is eligible ommendation described in subparagraph of the actions of all parties to the conflict. for admission to the United States under any (A)(iii) is approved by the designee referred (B) ELEMENTS.—The report required under other immigrant classification. to in subparagraph (A), after conducting a subparagraph (A) shall include the following (3) MEMBERSHIP IN CERTAIN SYRIAN ORGANI- risk assessment of the alien petitioner and elements: ZATIONS.—An applicant for admission to the an independent review of relevant records (i) A description of civilian harm occurring United States may not be deemed inadmis- maintained by the United States Govern- in the context of the Turkish incursion, in- sible based on membership in, or support ment or hiring organization or entity to con- cluding— provided to, the Syrian Democratic Forces. firm that the alien was employed by, and (I) mass casualty incidents; and (4) IDENTIFICATION OF OTHER PERSECUTED provided faithful service to, the United (II) damage to, and destruction of, civilian GROUPS.—The Secretary of State is author- States Government. infrastructure and services, including— ized to classify other groups of Syrians, in- (ii) NOTIFICATION AND APPEAL.—An appli- (aa) hospitals and other medical facilities; cluding vulnerable populations, as Priority 2 cant whose application has been denied (bb) electrical grids; refugees of special humanitarian concern. under clause (i)— (cc) water systems; and (e) SPECIAL IMMIGRANT STATUS FOR CER- (I) shall receive a written decision that (dd) other critical infrastructure. TAIN SYRIAN KURDS AND OTHER SYRIANS WHO provides, to the maximum extent feasible, (ii) A description of violations of the law of WORKED FOR THE UNITED STATES GOVERN- information describing the basis for the de- armed conflict committed during the Turk- MENT IN SYRIA.— nial, including the facts and inferences un- ish incursion into northeast Syria by Turk- (1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph ish or pro-Turkish forces, including— (4)(A), for purposes of the Immigration and derlying the individual determination; and (I) alleged war crimes, including the al- Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.), the (II) shall be provided an opportunity for leged use of chemical weapons against civil- Secretary of Homeland Security may provide not more than 1 written appeal, which— ian targets; any alien described in paragraph (2) with the (aa) shall be submitted not more than 120 (II) specific instances of failure by the par- status of a special immigrant under section days after the date on which the applicant ties to the conflict to exercise distinction, 101(a)(27) of such Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(27)) if— receives such written decision; proportionality, and precaution in the use of (A) the alien, or an agent acting on behalf (bb) may request the reopening of such de- force in accordance with the law of armed of the alien, submits a petition to the Sec- nial; and conflict; retary under section 204 of such Act (8 U.S.C. (cc) shall provide additional information, (III) arbitrary denials of humanitarian ac- 1154) for classification under section 203(b)(4) clarify existing information, or explain any cess and the resulting impact on the allevi- of such Act (8 U.S.C. 1153(b)(4)); unfavorable information. ation of human suffering; (B) the alien is otherwise eligible to re- (D) EVIDENCE OF SERIOUS THREAT.—In mak- (IV) extra-judicial executions and deten- ceive an immigrant visa; ing a determination under paragraph tion-related abuses; and (C) the alien is otherwise admissible to the (2)(A)(v), a credible sworn statement depict- (V) other acts that may constitute viola- United States for permanent residence (ex- ing dangerous country conditions and offi- tions of the law of armed conflict. cluding the grounds for inadmissibility spec- cial evidence of such country conditions (iii) Recommendations for establishing ac- ified in section 212(a)(4) of such Act (8 U.S.C. from the United States Government shall be countability mechanisms for civilian harm, 1182(a)(4))); and considered as a factor in determining wheth- war crimes, other violations of the law of (D) clears a background check and appro- er an alien petitioner has experienced or is armed conflict, and gross violations of priate screening, as determined by the Sec- experiencing an ongoing serious threat as a human rights perpetrated by Turkish and retary of Homeland Security. consequence of the alien’s employment by pro-Turkish forces in northeast Syria, in- (2) ALIENS DESCRIBED.—An alien described the United States Government. cluding the potential for prosecuting individ- in this paragraph— (4) NUMERICAL LIMITATIONS.— uals perpetrating, organizing, directing, or (A)(i) is a national of Syria or a stateless (A) IN GENERAL.—Except as otherwise pro- ordering such violations. Kurd habitually residing in Syria; vided under this paragraph, the total number (d) UNITED STATES REFUGEE PROGRAM PRI- (ii) was or is employed by, or on behalf of, of principal aliens who may be provided spe- ORITIES.— the United States Government in a role that cial immigrant status under this subsection (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State, in was vital to the success of the United States’ may not exceed 400 in any fiscal year begin- consultation with the Secretary of Homeland Counter ISIS mission in Syria, as deter- ning on or after the date of the enactment of Security, shall designate, as Priority 2 refu- mined by the Secretary of State, in consulta- this Act. gees of special humanitarian concern— tion with the Secretary of Defense, for a pe- (B) EXCLUSION FROM NUMERICAL LIMITA- (A) Syrian Kurds and other Syrians who riod of at least 1 year beginning on January TIONS.—Aliens provided special immigrant were or are employed by the United States 1, 2014; status under this subsection shall not be Government in Syria in support of the (iii) obtained a favorable written rec- counted against any numerical limitation United States military or humanitarian mis- ommendation from the employee’s senior su- under section 201(d), 202(a), or 203(b)(4) of the sion in Syria, as determined by the Sec- pervisor (or the person currently occupying Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. retary of State, for an aggregate period of at that position) or a more senior person, if the 1151(d), 1152(a), and 1153(b)(4)). least 1 year beginning on or after January 1, employee’s senior supervisor has left the em- (C) CARRY FORWARD.—If the numerical lim- 2014; ployer or has left Syria, in the entity that itation set forth in subparagraph (A) is not (B) Syrian Kurds and other Syrians who es- was supported by the alien; reached during a fiscal year, the numerical tablish, to the satisfaction of the Secretary (iv) cleared a background check and limitation under such subparagraph for the of State, that they are or were employed in screening before submitting a petition under following fiscal year shall be increased by a Syria for an aggregate period of at least 1 paragraph (1)(A), pursuant to the require- number equal to the difference between— year beginning on or after January 1, 2014, ments set forth in paragraph (3)(C); and (i) the number of visas authorized under by— (v) has experienced or is experiencing an subparagraph (A) for such fiscal year; and (i) a media or nongovernmental organiza- ongoing serious threat as a consequence of (ii) the number of principal aliens provided tion headquartered in the United States; or the alien’s employment by the United States special immigrant status under this sub- (ii) an organization or entity that— Government; or section during such fiscal year. (I) is closely associated with the United (B)(i) is the spouse or a child of a principal (5) VISA AND PASSPORT ISSUANCE AND States military or humanitarian mission in alien described in subparagraph (A); and FEES.—An alien described in paragraph (2) Syria, as determined by the Secretary of (ii) is following or accompanying to join may not be charged any fee in connection State; and the principal alien in the United States. with an application for, or the issuance of, a (II) has received a grant from, or entered (3) EVALUATION OF PETITIONS.— special immigrant visa under this sub- into a cooperative agreement or contract (A) DESIGNATION OF OFFICER.—Not later section. with, the United States Government; than 30 days after the date of the enactment (6) PROTECTION OF ALIENS.—The Secretary (C) the spouses, children, and parents of of this Act, the Secretary of State shall des- of State, in consultation with the heads of aliens described in subparagraph (A); and ignate a senior foreign service officer to pro- other appropriate Federal agencies, shall (D) Syrian Kurds and other Syrians who— vide an evaluation of potential applicants make a reasonable effort to provide protec- (i) have been identified by the Secretary of before approving a petition under this sub- tion to each alien described in paragraph (2) State as a persecuted group; and section. who is seeking special immigrant status (ii) have close family members (as de- (B) GUIDELINES.—Not later than 60 days under this subsection or to immediately re- scribed in section 201(b)(2)(A)(i) or 203(a) of after the date of the enactment of this Act, move such alien from Syria, if possible, if

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00077 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.056 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4160 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 the Secretary determines, after consulta- (2) aliens described in subsection (e)(2) may year, and for other purposes; which was tion, that such alien is in imminent danger. apply and interview for admission to the ordered to lie on the table; as follows: (7) SECURITY.—An alien is not eligible for United States as special immigrants. At the end of subtitle C of title VII, insert admission as a special immigrant under this the following: subsection if the alien is otherwise inadmis- SA 2410. Mr. SCHUMER (for himself sible to the United States under section and Mrs. GILLIBRAND) submitted an SEC. 752. REPORT ON MEDICAL CAPACITY SUP- PORT BY UNITED STATES TO FOR- 212(a)(3) of the Immigration and Nationality amendment intended to be proposed to EIGN COUNTRIES RECEIVING Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(3)). amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. UNITED STATES ASSISTANCE. (8) APPLICATION PROCESS.— INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, to authorize (a) REPORT REQUIRED.—Not later than 180 (A) REPRESENTATION.—An alien applying appropriations for fiscal year 2021 for days after the date of the enactment of this for admission to the United States as a spe- military activities of the Department Act, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to cial immigrant under this subsection may be of Defense, for military construction, the Committees on Armed Services of the represented during the application process, Senate and the House of Representatives a including at relevant interviews and exami- and for defense activities of the De- report on activities by the United States to nations, by an attorney or other accredited partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- support the medical capacity of foreign representative. Such representation shall tary personnel strengths for such fiscal countries receiving assistance from the not be at the expense of the United States year, and for other purposes; which was United States. Government. ordered to lie on the table; as follows: (b) ELEMENTS.—The report required by sub- section (a) shall include the following: (B) COMPLETION.—The Secretary of State At the end of subtitle D of title I, insert (1) A description of programs and activities and the Secretary of Homeland Security, in the following: consultation with the Secretary of Defense, by the United States that support medical shall ensure that applications for special im- SEC. 156. REPORT ON LC–130 AIRCRAFT INVEN- corps capacity building among foreign coun- migrant visas under this subsection are proc- TORY. tries receiving security assistance from the essed in such a manner to ensure that all Not later than 180 days after the date of United States, including— the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of steps under the control of the respective de- (A) a list of countries that have received the Air Force shall submit to the congres- partments incidental to the issuance of such support through such programs and activi- sional defense committees a report describ- visas, including required screenings and ties during the two-year period preceding the ing future Department of Defense plans for background checks, are completed not later submittal of the report; and modernizing and sustaining the LC–130 air- than 9 months after the date on which an eli- (B) a description of the support provided to craft in its inventory. gible alien submits all required materials to each recipient. apply for such visa. (2) An assessment of whether programs and SA 2411. Mr. INHOFE submitted an activities currently authorized to support (C) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Notwith- amendment intended to be proposed to standing subparagraph (B), any Secretary re- medical corps capacity building among for- ferred to in such paragraph may take longer amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. eign countries receiving assistance from the than 9 months to complete the steps inci- INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, to authorize United States are sufficient— dental to issuing a visa under this section if appropriations for fiscal year 2021 for (A) to ensure functioning combat casualty the Secretary— military activities of the Department care treatment and equipment that meets or (i) determines that the satisfaction of na- of Defense, for military construction, exceeds the standards recommended by the tional security concerns requires additional and for defense activities of the De- Committee on Tactical Combat Casualty time; and Care; and partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- (B) to care for the wounded and sick in line (ii) notifies the applicant of such deter- tary personnel strengths for such fiscal mination. with obligations under the law of armed con- year, and for other purposes; which was (9) ELIGIBILITY FOR OTHER IMMIGRANT CLAS- flict. SIFICATION.—An alien may not be denied the ordered to lie on the table; as follows: (3) An assessment of the efficacy of pro- opportunity to apply for admission under At the end of subtitle E of title X, insert grams of the United States to support the this subsection solely because such alien— the following: medical capacity of foreign countries receiv- (A) qualifies as an immediate relative of a ing assistance from the United States, and SEC. 1052. ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS AND LIMITA- any recommendations of the Secretary of national of the United States; or TIONS ON THE TRANSFER OF DE- (B) is eligible for admission to the United PARTMENT OF DEFENSE PROPERTY Defense on whether further authorities or re- States under any other immigrant classifica- FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT ACTIVI- sources are needed to meet the standards de- tion. TIES. scribed in paragraph (2)(A). (10) RESETTLEMENT SUPPORT.—An alien who (a) ADDITIONAL TRAINING OF RECIPIENT (4) A summary assessment of the capacity is granted special immigrant status under AGENCY PERSONNEL REQUIRED.—Subsection and key gaps within the military medical this subsection shall be eligible for the same (b)(6) of section 2576a of title 10, United corps of Afghanistan and Iraq, with a focus resettlement assistance, entitlement pro- States Code, is amended by inserting before on their ability to provide battlefield med- grams, and other benefits as are available to the period at the end the following: ‘‘, in- ical care to soldiers and wounded civilians in refugees admitted under section 207 of the cluding respect for the rights of citizens line with obligations under the law of armed Immigration and Naturalization Act (8 under the Constitution of the United States conflict. U.S.C. 1157). and de-escalation of force’’. (c) FORM.—The report required by sub- section (a) shall be submitted in unclassified (11) AUTHORITY TO CARRY OUT ADMINISTRA- (b) CERTAIN PROPERTY NOT but may include a classified annex. TIVE MEASURES.—The Secretary of Homeland TRANSFERRABLE.—Such section is further amended— Security, the Secretary of State, and the SA 2413. Mr. BOOKER submitted an Secretary of Defense shall implement any (1) by redesignating subsections (e) and (f) additional administrative measures they as subsections (f) and (g), respectively; and amendment intended to be proposed by consider necessary and appropriate— (2) by inserting after subsection (d) the fol- him to the bill S. 4049, to authorize ap- (A) to ensure the prompt processing of ap- lowing new subsection (e): propriations for fiscal year 2021 for plications under this subsection; ‘‘(d) PROPERTY NOT TRANSFERRABLE.—The military activities of the Department (B) to preserve the integrity of the pro- Secretary may not transfer to a Tribal, of Defense, for military construction, gram established under this subsection; and State, or local law enforcement agency and for defense activities of the De- (C) to protect the national security inter- under this section the following: ‘‘(1) Bayonets. partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- ests of the United States related to such pro- tary personnel strengths for such fiscal gram. ‘‘(2) Grenades (other than stun and flash- year, and for other purposes; which was (12) SAVINGS PROVISION.—Nothing in this bang grenades). subsection may be construed to affect the ‘‘(3) Weaponized tracked combat vehicles. ordered to lie on the table; as follows: authority of the Secretary of Homeland Se- ‘‘(4) Weaponized drones.’’. At the end of subtitle G of title X, add the curity under section 1059 of the National De- following: fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2006 SA 2412. Mr. BOOKER submitted an SEC. 1085. PILOT PROGRAM ON DOULA SUPPORT (Public Law 109–163; 8 U.S.C. 1101 note). amendment intended to be proposed to FOR VETERANS. amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. (a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the fol- (f) PROCESSING MECHANISMS.—The Sec- INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, to authorize lowing: retary of State shall use existing refugee (1) There are approximately 2,300,000 processing mechanisms in Iraq and in other appropriations for fiscal year 2021 for military activities of the Department women within the veteran population in the countries in the region, as appropriate, United States. through which— of Defense, for military construction, (2) The number of women veterans using (1) aliens described in subsection (d)(1) may and for defense activities of the De- services from the Veterans Health Adminis- apply and interview for admission to the partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- tration has increased by 28.8 percent from United States as refugees; and tary personnel strengths for such fiscal 423,642 in 2014 to 545,670 in 2019.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00078 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.056 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4161 (3) During the period of 2010 through 2015, (2) the three Veterans Integrated Service a medical facility of the Department shall the use of maternity services from the Vet- Networks that have the lowest percentage of coordinate with the women’s program man- erans Health Administration increased by 44 female veterans enrolled in the patient en- ager for that facility in carrying out the du- percent. rollment system compared to the total num- ties of the Doula Service Coordinator under (4) Although prenatal care and delivery is ber of enrolled veterans in such Network. the pilot program. not provided in facilities of the Department (d) OPEN PARTICIPATION.—The Secretary (h) TERM OF PILOT PROGRAM.—The Sec- of Veterans Affairs, pregnant women seek shall allow any eligible entity or covered retary shall conduct the pilot program for a care from the Department for other condi- veteran interested in participating in the period of 5 years. tions may also need emergency care and re- pilot program to participate in the pilot pro- (i) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.—The Secretary quire coordination of services through the gram. shall establish a process to provide technical Veterans Community Care Program under (e) SERVICES PROVIDED.— assistance to eligible entities and doulas par- section 1703 of title 38, United States Code. (1) IN GENERAL.—Under the pilot program, ticipating in the pilot program. (5) The number of unique women veteran a covered veteran shall receive not more (j) REPORT.— patients with an obstetric delivery paid for than 10 sessions of care from a doula under (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than one year by the Department increased by 1,778 percent the Whole Health model of the Department, after the date of the enactment of this Act, from 200 deliveries in 2000 to 3,756 deliveries or successor model, under which a doula and annually thereafter for each year in in 2015. works as an advocate for the veteran along- which the pilot program is carried out, the (6) The number of women age 35 years or side the medical team for the veteran. Secretary shall submit to the Committee on older with an obstetric delivery paid for by (2) SESSIONS.—Sessions covered under para- Veterans’ Affairs of the Senate and the Com- the Department increased 16-fold from fiscal graph (1) shall be as follows: mittee on Veterans’ Affairs of the House of year 2000 to fiscal year 2015. (A) Three or four sessions before labor and Representatives a report on the pilot pro- (7) A study in 2010 found that veterans re- delivery. gram. turning from Operation Enduring Freedom (B) One session during labor and delivery. (2) FINAL REPORT.—As part of the final re- and Operation Iraqi Freedom who experi- (C) Three or four sessions after post- port submitted under paragraph (1), the Sec- enced pregnancy were twice as likely to have partum, which may be conducted via the mo- retary shall include recommendations on a diagnosis of depression, anxiety, bile application for VA Video Connect. whether the model studied in the pilot pro- posttraumatic stress disorder, bipolar dis- (f) ADMINISTRATION OF PILOT PROGRAM.— gram should be continued or more widely order, or schizophrenia as those who had not (1) IN GENERAL.—The Center for Women adopted by the Department. experienced a pregnancy. Veterans under section 318 of title 38, United (k) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— (8) The number of women veterans of re- States Code, in consultation with the Advi- There are authorized to be appropriated to productive age seeking care from the Vet- sory Committee on Women Veterans estab- the Secretary, for each of fiscal years 2021 erans Health Administration continues to lished under section 542 of such title (in this through 2026, such sums as may be necessary grow (more than 185,000 as of fiscal year section referred to as the ‘‘Advisory Com- to carry out this section. 2015). mittee’’), shall— (l) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: (b) PROGRAM.— (A) coordinate services and activities (1) COVERED VETERAN.—The term ‘‘covered (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than one year under the pilot program; veteran’’ means a pregnant veteran or a for- after the date of the enactment of this Act, (B) oversee the administration of the pilot merly pregnant veteran (with respect to ses- the Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall es- program; and sions post-partum) who is enrolled in the pa- tablish a pilot program to furnish doula serv- (C) conduct onsite assessments of medical tient enrollment system of the Department ices to covered veterans through eligible en- facilities of the Department that are partici- of Veterans Affairs under section 1705 of title tities by expanding the Whole Health model pating in the pilot program. 38, United States Code. of the Department of Veterans Affairs, or (2) GUIDELINES FOR VETERAN-SPECIFIC (2) ELIGIBLE ENTITY.—The term ‘‘eligible successor model, to measure the impact that CARE.—The Center for Women Veterans, in entity’’ means an entity that provides medi- doula support services have on birth and consultation with the Advisory Committee, cally accurate, comprehensive maternity mental health outcomes of pregnant vet- shall establish guidelines under the pilot services to covered veterans under the laws erans (in this section referred to as the program for training doulas on military sex- administered by the Secretary, including ‘‘pilot program’’). ual trauma and post traumatic stress dis- under the Veterans Community Care Pro- (2) CONSIDERATION.—In carrying out the order. gram under section 1703 of title 38, United pilot program, the Secretary shall consider (3) AMOUNTS FOR CARE.—The Advisory States Code. all types of doulas, including traditional and Committee may recommend to the Secretary (3) VA VIDEO CONNECT.—The term ‘‘VA community-based doulas. appropriate payment amounts for care and Video Connect’’ means the program of the (3) CONSULTATION.—In designing and imple- services provided under the pilot program, Department of Veterans Affairs to connect menting the pilot program the Secretary which shall not exceed $3,500 per doula per veterans with their health care team from shall consult with stakeholders, including— veteran. anywhere, using encryption to ensure a se- (A) organizations representing veterans, (4) INCLUSION OF OTHER MEMBERS IN ADVI- cure and private session. including veterans that are disproportion- SORY COMMITTEE.—Only for purposes of car- ately impacted by poor maternal health out- rying out the duties of the Advisory Com- SA 2414. Mr. BOOKER submitted an comes; mittee under this section, the Secretary amendment intended to be proposed to (B) community-based health care profes- shall appoint to the Advisory Committee amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. sionals, including doulas, and other stake- representatives of organizations that provide INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, to authorize holders; and doula services, including representatives appropriations for fiscal year 2021 for (C) experts in promoting health equity and that can speak to the unique challenges en- military activities of the Department combating racial bias in health care set- dured by veterans of color. of Defense, for military construction, tings. (g) DOULA SERVICE COORDINATOR.— and for defense activities of the De- (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, in con- (4) GOALS.—The goals of the pilot program partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- are the following: sultation with the Center for Women Vet- (A) To improve— erans and the Advisory Committee, shall es- tary personnel strengths for such fiscal (i) maternal, mental health, and infant tablish a Doula Service Coordinator within year, and for other purposes; which was care outcomes; the functions of the Maternity Care Coordi- ordered to lie on the table; as follows: (ii) integration of doula support services nator at each medical facility of the Depart- At the end of subtitle E of title V, insert into the Whole Health model of the Depart- ment that is participating in the pilot pro- the following: ment, or successor model; and gram. SEC. 549. INITIATIVES TO INCREASE DIVERSITY (iii) the experience of women receiving ma- (2) DUTIES.—A Doula Service Coordinator IN THE OFFICER CORPS OF THE ternity care from the Department, including established under paragraph (1) at a medical ARMED FORCES. by increasing the ability of a woman to de- facility shall be responsible for— (a) REPORT ON INITIATIVES.—Not later than velop and follow her own birthing plan. (A) working with eligible entities, doulas, 180 days after the date of the enactment of (B) To reengage veterans with the Depart- and covered veterans participating in the this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall sub- ment after giving birth. pilot program; and mit to the congressional defense committees (c) LOCATIONS.—The Secretary shall carry (B) managing payment between eligible en- a report setting forth the following: out the pilot program in— tities and the Department under the pilot (1) A comprehensive description and assess- (1) the three Veterans Integrated Service program. ment of the initiatives currently being un- Networks of the Department that have the (3) TRACKING OF INFORMATION.—A doula dertaken by the military service academies highest percentage of female veterans en- providing services under the pilot program to increase diversity among the officers rolled in the patient enrollment system of shall report to the applicable Doula Service corps of the Armed Forces. the Department established and operated Coordinator after each session conducted (2) A description and assessment of the ef- under section 1705(a) of title 38, United under the pilot program. forts undertaken by Diversity and Recruit- States Code, compared to the total number (4) COORDINATION WITH WOMEN’S PROGRAM ment Officers of each military service acad- of enrolled veterans in such Network; and MANAGER.—A Doula Service Coordinator for emy to recruit in secondary schools to which

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00079 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.059 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4162 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020 title I of the Elementary and Secondary Edu- for fiscal year 2021 for military activi- INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, to authorize cation Act of 1965 applies. ties of the Department of Defense, for appropriations for fiscal year 2021 for military construction, and for defense military activities of the Department (b) RELEASE OF INFORMATION ON APPLI- activities of the Department of Energy, of Defense, for military construction, CANTS AND ANNUAL CLASSES.—The Super- intendent of each military service academy to prescribe military personnel and for defense activities of the De- shall adopt the approach taken by the Super- strengths for such fiscal year, and for partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- intendent of the United States Military other purposes; which was ordered to tary personnel strengths for such fiscal Academy in releasing to the congressional lie on the table; as follows: year, and for other purposes; which was defense committees in a public manner the At the end of subtitle B of title XII, add ordered to lie on the table; as follows: following: the following: At the end of subtitle A of title X, insert (1) The manner in which each annual class SEC. 1216. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON EFFORTS TO the following: of cadets or midshipmen is scored for admis- SECURE THE RELEASE OF ALL SEC. 1003. INCENTIVES FOR THE ACHIEVEMENT sion. AMERICANS HELD HOSTAGE IN AF- BY THE COMPONENTS OF THE DE- GHANISTAN OR PAKISTAN. (2) The racial and ethnic makeup of each PARTMENT OF DEFENSE OF UN- annual class of cadets or midshipmen. It is the sense of Congress that— QUALIFIED AUDIT OPINIONS ON THE (c) MILITARY SERVICE ACADEMY DEFINED.— (1) the President and the Department of FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. In this section, the term ‘‘military service State should prioritize and continue efforts (a) INCENTIVES REQUIRED.—Not later than academy’’ means the following: to secure the release of all Americans held 180 days after the date of the enactment of (1) The United States Military Academy. hostage by the Taliban, Haqqani Network, or this Act, the Under Secretary of Defense (2) The United States Naval Academy. any other group in Afghanistan or Pakistan; (Comptroller) shall, acting through the Dep- (3) The United States Air Force Academy. and uty Chief Financial Officer of the Depart- (4) The United States Coast Guard Acad- (2) the Office of the Special Presidential ment of Defense, develop and issue guidance emy. Envoy for Hostage Affairs should regularly to incentivize the achievement by each de- brief Congress on its efforts. partment, agency, and other component of SA 2415. Ms. WARREN submitted an the Department of Defense of unqualified amendment intended to be proposed to SA 2417. Ms. CANTWELL (for Mr. audit opinions on their financial statements. amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. MANCHIN (for himself and Ms. CANT- (b) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days after INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, to authorize WELL)) submitted an amendment in- the date of the enactment of this Act, the appropriations for fiscal year 2021 for tended to be proposed to amendment Under Secretary shall submit to the appro- military activities of the Department SA 2301 proposed by Mr. INHOFE to the priate committees of Congress a report set- of Defense, for military construction, bill S. 4049, to authorize appropriations ting forth a description and assessment of and for defense activities of the De- for fiscal year 2021 for military activi- current and proposed incentives for the ties of the Department of Defense, for achievement of unqualified audit opinions as partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- described in subsection (a). military construction, and for defense tary personnel strengths for such fiscal (c) APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS year, and for other purposes; which was activities of the Department of Energy, DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appro- ordered to lie on the table; as follows: to prescribe military personnel priate committees of Congress’’ means— Strike section 377 and insert the following: strengths for such fiscal year, and for (1) the Committee on Armed Services, the SEC. 377. REMOVAL OF CONFEDERATE NAMES, other purposes; which was ordered to Committee on the Budget, and the Com- SYMBOLS, DISPLAYS, MONUMENTS, lie on the table; as follows: mittee on Appropriations of the Senate; and AND PARAPHERNALIA FROM ASSETS Beginning on page 1028, strike line 7 and (2) the Committee on Armed Services, the OF DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE. all that follows through page 1029, line 8, and Committee on the Budget, and the Com- (a) REMOVAL.— insert the following: mittee on Appropriations of the House of (1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in ‘‘(3) DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY RESPONSE.— Representatives. paragraph (2), not later than one year after ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—If the Council submits f the date of the enactment of this Act, the to the Secretary of Energy a written descrip- AUTHORITY FOR COMMITTEES TO Secretary of Defense shall remove all names, tion under paragraph (2)(B)(i) with respect to symbols, displays, monuments, and para- the budget request of the Administration for MEET phernalia that honor or commemorate the a fiscal year, the Secretary shall include as Confederate States of America (commonly Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, I have 7 an appendix to the budget request submitted requests for committees to meet during referred to as the ‘‘Confederacy’’) or any per- to the Director of the Office of Management son who served voluntarily with the Confed- today’s session of the Senate. They and Budget— have the approval of the Majority and erate States of America from all assets of ‘‘(i) the funding levels and initiatives iden- the Department of Defense. tified in the description under paragraph Minority leaders. XEMPTION FOR GRAVE MARKERS.—The (2) E (2)(B)(i); and Pursuant to rule XXVI, paragraph requirement under paragraph (1) shall not ‘‘(ii) any additional comments the Sec- 5(a), of the Standing Rules of the Sen- apply to grave markers. retary considers appropriate. ate, the following committees are au- (b) CERTIFICATION.—Upon completion of the ‘‘(B) TRANSMISSION TO CONGRESS.—The Sec- removal required under subsection (a), the thorized to meet during today’s session retary of Energy shall transmit to Congress, Secretary shall submit to the Committees on of the Senate: with the budget justification materials sub- Armed Services of the Senate and the House COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES mitted in support of the Department of En- of Representatives a certification in writing ergy budget for a fiscal year (as submitted The Committee on Armed Services is detailing that such removal has been com- with the budget of the President under sec- authorized to meet during the session pleted. tion 1105(a) of title 31, United States Code), a (c) PROHIBITION ON DISPLAY.—Beginning on of the Senate on Wednesday, July 1, the date on which the Secretary submits the copy of the appendix described in subpara- 2020, at 10:30 a.m., to conduct a hearing. graph (A).’’. certification required by subsection (b), the COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND Secretary may not place, assign, or other- SA 2418. Mr. INHOFE submitted an TRANSPORTATION wise use any name, symbol, display, monu- The Committee on Commerce, ment, or paraphernalia that honors or com- amendment intended to be proposed to amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. Science, and Transportation is author- memorates the Confederate States of Amer- ized to meet during the session of the ica or any person who served voluntarily INHOFE to the bill S. 4049, to authorize with the Confederate States of America at appropriations for fiscal year 2021 for Senate on Wednesday, July 1, 2020, at any asset of the Department. military activities of the Department 10 a.m., to conduct a hearing. (d) ASSET DEFINED.—In this section, the of Defense, for military construction, COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC term ‘‘asset’’ includes any base, installation, and for defense activities of the De- WORKS street, building, facility, aircraft, ship, partment of Energy, to prescribe mili- The Committee on Environment and plane, weapon, equipment, or any other prop- Public Works is authorized to meet erty owned or controlled by the Department tary personnel strengths for such fiscal of Defense. year, and for other purposes; which was during the session of the Senate on ordered to lie on the table; as follows: Wednesday, July 1, 2020, at 9:45 a.m., to SA 2416. Ms. WARREN (for Mr. MAR- Strike section 1602. conduct a hearing on nominations. KEY) submitted an amendment in- COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC tended to be proposed to amendment SA 2419. Mr. SANDERS submitted an WORKS SA 2301 proposed by Mr. INHOFE to the amendment intended to be proposed to The Committee on Environment and bill S. 4049, to authorize appropriations amendment SA 2301 proposed by Mr. Public Works is authorized to meet

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00080 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.059 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4163 during the session of the Senate on The bill (S. 4148) was ordered to be The resolution (S. Res. 634) was Wednesday, July 1, 2020, at 10 a.m., to engrossed for a third reading, was read agreed to. conduct a hearing. the third time, and passed as follows: The preamble was agreed to. COMMITTEE ON INDIAN AFFAIRS S. 4148 (The resolution, with its preamble, is The Committee on Indian Affairs is Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- printed in the RECORD of June 22, 2020, authorized to meet during the session resentatives of the United States of America in under ‘‘Submitted Resolutions.’’) of the Senate on Wednesday, July 1, Congress assembled, f 2020, at 2:30 p.m., to conduct a hearing. SECTION 1. EXTENSION OF CHEMICAL FACILITY ANTI-TERRORISM STANDARDS PRO- ORDERS FOR THURSDAY, JULY 2, COMMITTEE ON VETERANS’ AFFAIRS GRAM OF THE DEPARTMENT OF 2020 The Committee on Veterans’ Affairs HOMELAND SECURITY. Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, I ask is authorized to meet during the ses- (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 5 of the Pro- sion of the Senate on Wednesday, July tecting and Securing Chemical Facilities unanimous consent that when the Sen- 1, 2020, at 3 p.m., to conduct a hearing. from Terrorist Attacks Act of 2014 (Public ate completes its business today, it ad- Law 113–254; 6 U.S.C. 621 note) is amended by journ until 10 a.m., Thursday, July 2; SELECT COMMITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE striking ‘‘July 23, 2020’’ and inserting ‘‘July further, that following the prayer and The Select Committee on Intel- 27, 2023’’. the pledge, the morning hour be ligence is authorized to meet during (b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendment deemed expired, the Journal of pro- the session of the Senate on Wednes- made by subsection (a) shall take effect on ceedings be approved to date, the time day, July 1, 2020, at 2:30 p.m., to con- the date that is 1 day after the date of enact- for the two leaders be reserved for their duct a closed hearing. ment of this Act. use later in the day and morning busi- f f ness be closed; further, that following PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR GREAT OUTDOORS MONTH leader remarks, the Senate proceed to Mr. PAUL. Mr. President, I ask unan- Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, I ask executive session to resume consider- imous consent that the intern Sean unanimous consent that the Com- ation of Calendar No. 718; finally, that Piwowar be allowed access to the floor mittee on the Judiciary be discharged notwithstanding rule XXII, the cloture for today. from further consideration and the vote on the Vought nomination occur The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Senate now proceed to S. Res. 629. at 1:30 p.m. objection, it is so ordered. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. f objection, it is so ordered. The clerk will report the resolution f NOTICE: REGISTRATION OF MASS by title. MAILINGS ADJOURNMENT UNTIL 10 A.M. The bill clerk read as follows: TOMORROW The filing date for the 2020 second A resolution (S. Res. 629) designating June Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, if there quarter Mass Mailing report is Mon- 2020 as ‘‘Great Outdoors Month’’. day, July 27, 2020. An electronic option is no further business to come before There being no objection, the com- is available on Webster that will allow the Senate, I ask unanimous consent mittee was discharged, and the Senate forms to be submitted via a fillable that it stand adjourned under the pre- proceeded to consider the resolution. PDF document. If your office did no vious order. Mr. INHOFE. I ask unanimous con- mass mailings during this period, There being no objection, the Senate, sent that the resolution be agreed to, please submit a form that states at 10:46 p.m., adjourned until Thursday, the preamble be agreed to, and the mo- ‘‘none.’’ July 2, 2020, at 10 a.m. tions to reconsider be considered made Mass mailing registrations or nega- and laid upon the table. f tive reports can be submitted elec- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without NOMINATIONS tronically at http://webster.senate.gov/ objection, it is so ordered. secretary/mass_mailing_form.htm or e- Executive nominations received by The resolution (S. Res. 629) was mailed to the Senate: agreed to. [email protected]. IN THE AIR FORCE For further information, please con- The preamble was agreed to. (The resolution, with its preamble, is THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT tact the Senate Office of Public IN THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDI- CATED WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE Records at (202) 224–0322. printed in the RECORD of June 18, 2020, under ‘‘Submitted Resolutions.’’) AND RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION f 601: f To be general EXTENDING THE CHEMICAL FACIL- LT. GEN. GLEN D. VANHERCK ITY ANTI-TERRORISM STAND- NATIONAL WHISTLEBLOWER APPRECIATION DAY THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT ARDS PROGRAM OF THE DE- IN THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDI- Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, I ask CATED WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE PARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECU- AND RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION RITY unanimous consent that the Com- 601: Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, I ask mittee on the Judiciary be discharged To be lieutenant general unanimous consent that the Senate from further consideration and the MAJ. GEN. JEFFREY A. KRUSE proceed to the immediate consider- Senate proceed to S. Res. 634. THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without IN THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDI- ation of S. 4148, introduced earlier day. CATED WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE The PRESIDING OFFICER. The objection, it is so ordered. AND RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION clerk will report the bill by title. The clerk will report the resolution 601: The bill clerk read as follows: by title. To be lieutenant general A bill (S. 4148) to extend the Chemical Fa- The bill clerk read as follows: LT. GEN. RICHARD M. CLARK cility Anti-Terrorism Standards Program of A resolution (S. Res. 634) designating July IN THE ARMY the Department of Homeland Security, and 30, 2020, as ‘‘National Whistleblower Appre- THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT for other purposes. ciation Day’’. IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY TO THE GRADE INDICATED WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE AND There being no objection, the Senate There being no objection, the com- RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 601: proceeded to consider the bill. mittee was discharged, and the Senate To be general proceeded to consider the resolution. Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, I ask LT. GEN. CHRISTOPHER G. CAVOLI unanimous consent that the bill be Mr. INHOFE. I ask unanimous con- THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT considered read a third time and sent that the resolution be agreed to, IN UNITED STATES ARMY TO THE GRADE INDICATED WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE AND passed, and that the motion to recon- the preamble be agreed to, and the mo- RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 601: sider be considered made and laid upon tions to reconsider be considered made To be lieutenant general the table. and laid upon the table. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without LT. GEN. SCOTT D. BERRIER THE FOLLOWING NAMED ARMY NATIONAL GUARD OF objection, it is so ordered. objection, it is so ordered. THE UNITED STATES OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT IN

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00081 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 9801 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.051 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4164 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020

THE RESERVE OF THE ARMY TO THE GRADE INDICATED DANIEL B. BLANKENHORN KRISTOPHER J. GARDNER UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTIONS 12203 AND 12211: EDWIN H. BODENHEIM THOMAS R. GEISINGER JOSEPH W. BORG GRAHAM C. GENRICH To be major general JOSHUA P. BOST CHRISTOPHER E. GEORGE BRIG. GEN. JOHN C. ANDONIE RACHEL R. BOWERS CHRISTOPHER R. GHORBANI BRIG. GEN. CHARLES K. ARIS BRETT M. BOYLE BENJAMIN J. GILLESPIE TODD F. BRADFORD MARK D. GILLMAN BRIG. GEN. MARTI J. BISSELL JOSEPH W. BRADSHAW RYAN S. GLADDING BRIG. GEN. ROBERT D. BURKE ZACHARY D. BRAINARD BRIAN K. GLENN BRIG. GEN. EDWARD J. CHRYSTAL, JR. NATHAN A. BRANEN WILLIAM J. GOLEMBIEWSKI BRIG. GEN. DAMIAN T. DONAHOE ERIN E. BRASWELL BRENNAN S. GOLTRY BRIG. GEN. RALPH F. HEDENBERG OBADIAH H. BRIANS DANIEL R. GRAW BRIG. GEN. JOHN E. HOEFERT BENJAMIN A. BRIDON NELSON B. GRAY BRIG. GEN. RUSSELL D. JOHNSON DAVID T. BRIGHT DESHANE P. GREASER BRIG. GEN. JEFFREY A. JONES NATHAN E. BROOKSHIRE COLIN J. GREATA BRIG. GEN. JOHN T. KELLY GREGORY S. BROWER TIMOTHY N. GREEN BRIG. GEN. ERIC K. LITTLE JASON C. BRUBAKER ADAM K. GREENE BRIG. GEN. JERRY H. MARTIN CRAIG W. BRYANT BYRON N. GREENE BRIG. GEN. JOANE K. MATHEWS CARMEN T. BUCCI RYAN GREENING BRIG. GEN. MARK D. MCCORMACK BRADFORD K. BUGADO CHRISTINA L. GRIGGS BRIG. GEN. REGINALD G. A. NEAL ANDY BUISSERETH SIMON P. GRIMM BRIG. GEN. SHAWN M. O’BRIEN JAMES M. BURNETT JONATHAN J. GROSS BRIG. GEN. DAVID F. O’DONAHUE SEAN C. BURNETT NICOLAS A. GUILLET BRIG. GEN. STEPHEN B. OWENS DAVID T. BURTON LOUISPHILIPPE L. HAMMOND BRIG. GEN. STEPHEN M. RADULSKI TIMOTHY A. BUTLER STEVEN T. HAMPSON BRIG. GEN. JOHN M. RHODES DANIEL P. CAFFAREL DAVID R. HAMPTON III BRIG. GEN. FRANK M. RICE RYAN A. CALHOON PAUL E. HANEY BRIG. GEN. JAMES W. RING MICHAEL T. CAMPBELL JERRE V. HANSBROUGH BRIG. GEN. MICHELLE M. ROSE RICHARD C. CAMPBELL KARL M. HARNESS BRIG. GEN. JOHN W. RUEGER TALGIN L. CANNON WILLIE HARRIS III BRIG. GEN. RANDALL V. SIMMONS, JR. JAMES P. CARRIER SCOTT A. HASTINGS BRIG. GEN. CARLTON G. SMITH BRENT C. CARTER BRANDON J. HATHORNE BRIG. GEN. STEVEN E. STIVERS RYAN M. CASE MICHAEL E. HAVEY, JR. BRIG. GEN. TIMOTHY N. THOMBLESON SEAN M. CASTILLA JONATHAN L. HAWKINS BRIG. GEN. JEFFREY P. VAN PAUL M. CASTILLO MARK P. HAYES BRIG. GEN. CLINT E. WALKER SEAN C. CHANG SAMUEL L. HAYES, JR. BRIG. GEN. MICHAEL D. WICKMAN STUART C. CHAPMAN CHRISTOPHER A. HAYNES BRIG. GEN. WILLIAM L. ZANA MATTHEW S. CHASE JANELLE M. HAYNES TRINIDAD N. CHAVEZ JOSHUA C. HAYWARD IN THE NAVY DAVID M. CHICHETTI MICHAEL G. HAZELL THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT AARON W. CHILDERS JOHN J. HEIDENREICH IN THE UNITED STATES NAVY TO THE GRADE INDICATED ASHLIE I. CHRISTIAN DEBORAH R. HERZOG UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: MARK S. CHRISTIANSEN MARCEL M. HICKMAN JUSTIN C. CHRONISTER SEAN R. HILL To be rear admiral (lower half) JAMES A. CLARK JOHANN W. HINDERT JOHN C. CLARK TIMOTHY R. HINES CAPT. TRENT R. DEMOSS CORY R. CLAYTON JONATHAN P. HITCHCOCK IN THE AIR FORCE DAVID M. COCHRANE SEAN P. HOEY LOGAN P. COLLINS ERIKA A. HOLOWNIA THE FOLLOWING NAMED INDIVIDUAL FOR APPOINT- CHRISTOPHER T. COLMAN CALVIN R. HOOVER, JR. MENT TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE REGULAR AIR JAMES B. COMPTON TIMOTHY J. HORN FORCE UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 531: BRIAN E. CONNOLLY, JR. CHRISTOPHER P. HORNSBY GENNELLE L. CONWAY ISAAC S. HOWARD To be major BRIAN S. COOK LEVITICUS M. HUFF JENNIFER M. KOLLMAR CHAVESO L. COOK ALBERT J. HUGHES ALEXANDER B. CORBY JACOB A. HUGHES IN THE ARMY CHRISTOPHER M. COUCH KEVIN D. HUMPHRES DAVID P. COULOMBE ADRIEN G. HUMPHREYS THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT DAVID B. COX AUDREY D. HURDLE TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY ORLANDO N. CRAIG DANIEL A. HUSEK MEDICAL SERVICE CORPS UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SEC- PETER S. CROSTHWAITE SUZANNA HUTIN TIONS 624 AND 7064: STEVEN E. CROWE ALIKA K. ICHINOSE To be colonel BENJAMIN D. CULVER DAVID M. IKE PATRICK T. CUNNINGHAM TODD L. IMPERIALE SORAYA GODDARD ZACHARY L. DADISMAN JOHN C. INTILE THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT MICHAEL J. DARGAVELL JAY A. IRELAND TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY DAMOND C. DAVIS SHAUN F. JACKSON MEDICAL SERVICE CORPS UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SEC- ALEXANDER R. DEAN LATOYA M. JACKSONMANZEY TIONS 624 AND 7064: COURTNEY J. DEAN ANTHONY JAMES JOHN B. DELOACH STEFFANIE M. JEBB To be major JOHN W. DENNEY III RONALD A. JILLARD MICHAEL J. DIFABIO LEE M. JOHNSON, JR. DAVID A. A. AWANDA SHAWN D. DILLON ANDREW G. JONES THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT BRIAN C. DODD BRAD C. JORDAN TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY JONATHAN E. DOIRON ERIK K. JORGENSEN UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: SCOTT J. DOLNY DAIJIRO KANASE ANDREW K. DOUGLASS OLIVER N. KARP To be major JASON P. DUFFY BENJAMIN A. KATZENBERGER ANDREW S. LOHRENZ JOSEPH J. DUMAS ROBERT A. KAZMAREK CHRISTOPHER C. DUNCAN AARON L. KEARNEY THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT STEPHEN J. DUNSFORD APRIL D. KEARNEY TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY BRIAN J. DYER MOLLIE G. KEDNEY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: TRAVIS J. EASTERLING JAMIE L. KELLEY To be lieutenant colonel BRIAN T. EDWARDS RYAN V. KELLY JONATHAN C. EDWARDS MICHAEL R. KELVINGTON STEVEN J. ACKERSON RYAN L. EDWARDS JULIAN T. KEMPER ANDREA ACOSTAMORALES YOLANDA M. EDWARDS MICHAEL P. KENDALL AARON E. ADAMS BURTON D. EISSLER LUCAS J. KENNEDY BRUCE D. ADAMS, JR. KYLE T. ELDRIDGE KRISTOPHER W. KERKSICK CHRISTOPHER C. ADKINS THOMAS J. ELISON II MATTHEW J. KIKTA JOSHUA J. AESCHLIMAN ERIC E. ELLIOTT COURTNEY L. KILUK DAVID J. AHERN SCOTT T. ELLIOTT MICHAEL B. KIM CHAD T. ALEXANDER TYLER J. ESPINOZA DAVID B. KIMSEY SETH M. ALLEN ERIC G. EVANS MIKOLA J. KING BLAKELY M. ANDERSON THOMAS B. EVERETT KYLE L. KIRKPATRICK BRYAN K. ANDERSON RICHARD L. FARNELL JASON S. KITTLESEN GLENN O. ANDERSON BENJAMIN D. FEICHT DAVID M. KITZMAN KYLE W. ANDERSON DANIEL M. FERGUSON CHRISTOPHER E. KLICH MICHAEL D. ANDERSON RICHARD M. FERRELL ROBERT C. KNAGGS THOMAS D. ANGSTADT JAMES R. FISCHER KURT S. KNOEDLER PETER A. ANZOVINO CHAD W. FITZGERALD ELIZABETH A. KNOX JONATHAN B. ARMSTRONG JEFFREY P. FLEMING KENTON C. KOMIVES JAMES B. ASHTON JEREMY L. FLIGHT JASON D. KOO MARK B. ATKINSON RICHARD T. FLOER RYAN R. KROELLS JOHN D. ATWELL ALEXANDER S. FORD COLBY K. KRUG DEREK C. AUSTIN RODERICK J. FORMAN CHRISTOPHER P. KUSZNIAJ ANNETTE N. BACALJA JONATHAN A. FORNES JOSEPH M. LANE WILLIAM C. BAKER CHERI J. FORSMAN CALEB G. LAUE MATTHEW W. BANDI ADRIAN L. FOSTER RYAN M. LAUGHNA GARRETT A. BARR DANIEL J. FOX DANIEL M. LAVOIE SETH E. BARRETT MATTHEW W. FREEBURG JEREMY D. LAWHORN CORBETT W. BAXTER MICHAEL R. GABRHEL LUCAS N. LECOUR REBECCA E. BEARD SCOTT D. GALE CHAD P. LEWIS IAN H. BENSON DONALD F. GALSTER MARK A. LICHAK ANDREW P. BETSON SAMUEL B. GALYK JOSEPH A. LOAR TIMOTHY P. BIART RONALD L. GARBERSON PAUL G. LOCKHART NICOLAI BIRCH BERNARD R. GARDNER CHRISTOPHER M. LOFTON

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00082 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 9801 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.009 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4165

JOSHUA A. LONG JOHN P. ROMITO TALON C. YOUNG DUSTIN L. LONGFELLOW DAVID B. ROUSSEAU JOSEPH A. YURKOVICH VAL H. LOPEZ LAWRENCE A. RUBAL JOHN M. ZDEB DENNIS A. LOUCK ANDREW J. RUSZKIEWICZ ROMAS J. ZIMLICKI JACK H. LUCKHARDT KEVIN E. RYAN CHRISTOPHER D. ZOTTER WILLIAM L. LYCKMAN MICHAEL J. RYBACKI D015455 GEOFFREY B. LYNCH III CAMERON J. RYU D012723 CHRISTOPHER L. LYON PETER S. SALFEETY D014576 MARGARET S. MAASBERG RAUL SALINAS D014868 JULIE A. MACKNYGHT RAISSA O. SANCHEZ D013596 ULYSSES U. MAFNAS JOSEPH M. SAWRUK D012277 BENJAMIN MAHER J B. SAWYER D015559 BRIAN E. MAJOR ADAM A. SCHER D012710 JUSTIN D. MALONE LAWRENCE A. SCHMIDLE D014948 JOSHUA J. MANGAS ROBERT C. SCHUETTE D015331 AUSTIN P. MAPLES ADAM T. SCHULTZ D015509 LUIS D. MARIN CHARLES B. SCHUMACHER D014777 TODD J. MARTIN DAVID SEMIDEY D012998 GUILLERMO E. MARTINEZ STEVEN P. SEVIGNY D015434 JASON MARTINEZ KATHRYN L. SHAW D013972 ANDREW J. MAXA LAUREN M. SHAW D011856 ADAM F. MCCOMBS PAUL R. SHEPARD D013343 BRIAN M. MCCRAY MATTHEW J. SHIRLEY D013809 ROBERT D. MCDONOUGH GEOFFREY M. SHORR D011804 MARY E. MCGOVNEY ROBERT I. SICKLER D015513 TYLER S. MCKEE JAMES R. SIEBERT D014990 DANIEL C. MCKEEL DAVID J. SIMMONS G010472 JOHN M. MCLAUGHLIN EMMANUEL I. SIOSON D013000 RYAN A. MCLAUGHLIN AMANDA L. SLUGA D013909 JOHN M. MCLEAN II ANDREW L. SMITH D015578 PAUL M. MCNAMARA BRADLEY W. SMITH D011558 OTTY H. MEDINA KEVIN E. SMITH D015500 JASON A. MEIER MICAH S. SMITH D015260 PAUL J. MENDOZA SEAN T. SMITH CHRISTOPHER L. MERCADO PATRICK J. SNYDER THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT MATTHEW J. MESKO ANTON V. SOLTIS TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY DANIELLE MILLIEN BRANDON R. SOLTWISCH UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: BRIAN D. MITCHELL KYLE M. SPADE To be lieutenant colonel TIMOTHY M. MITROKA MARTIN J. SPANGLER WESLEY A. MOERBE BENJAMIN C. SPERA JI E. AHN CHAD A. MONROE THOMAS J. SPOLIZINO R. Z. ALESSIFRIEDLANDER LEE D. MONZON SEAN R. STAPLER CHRISTOPHER M. ALEXANDER KENNETH E. MORAN RAYMOND L. STELKER DANIEL R. ALEXANDER RYAN L. MORGAN TODD J. STEVENSON JESSE R. ALLGEYER SHIGENOBU T. MORINAGA RYAN T. STIDUM CRAIG ANDERSON STEPHEN M. MORSE JACQUELINE K. STILWELL JEFFREY G. ANDERSON PAUL B. MORTON ANDREW B. STIPP SCOTT T. ANDERSON JILL K. MUDGE THOMAS R. STOCKTON JUDITH ANTOINE WILLIAM C. MURRAY NATHAN L. STRICKLAND ALEXANDER N. APOSTLE DANIEL S. NAAB DONALD J. SULPIZIO STEPHAN J. ARNOLD JAMIE O. NASI JARED J. SUNSDAHL MATTHEW P. AUBRY PAUL B. NEAL JOSHUA T. SUTHOFF CARLO U. AVERGAS IRVIN NELMS III JACOB J. SWEATLAND LONI R. AYERS SCOTT P. NELSON MICHAEL J. SYVERTSEN TRAVIS R. BAILEY JAMES M. NEMEC PAUL F. TANGHE CHRISTOPHER J. BALDWIN ALEX L. NEWSOM ROBERT A. TARR JOHN L. BANNISTER JOHN D. NGUYEN FORREST M. TAYLOR JAVAN A. BARKER KEN NGUYEN PATRICK B. TAYLOR BRIAN L. BARNETT JOY F. NICKEL TRAVIS J. TAYLOR ALIJA BASIC JUAN NIEVESLOZADA MATTHEW S. TERRY STEPHANIE L. BAUGH CHRISTOPHER J. NOHLE TIA M. TERRY DAVID J. BEAUDOIN EDWARD J. NOVAKOSKI SEAN D. TINKLENBERG DAVID W. BELL RYAN R. NUGENT MICHAEL Z. TIONGCO STEVEN C. BELL DEREK J. OBERG ADAM R. TOBIAS JOHN I. BENNER COLLEEN K. OBRIEN STEPHEN A. TOLBERT III BARBARA P. BENSON RYAN J. OCCHIUZZO FRANK I. TOOMEY ADAM T. BET EDWARD M. OCONNELL DAMON M. TORRES GREGORY E. BEW PATRICK R. OCONNOR JOHN R. TRAHAN COLLIN A. BISSELL TREVOR P. OMALLEY JAMES D. TRASK ANDREW T. BLICKHAHN RUBEN A. OTERO PO C. TSUI BRIAN P. BOSSE TERRENCE J. OWENS JOSEPH A. TULL BRIAN J. BOURQUE JAMES B. PACHECO GARRETT P. TURLEY DWAYNE E. BOWDEN BRENT J. PAFFORD JASON E. TURNER CHRISTINA M. BOWSER MATTHEW N. PALADINO MICHAEL J. URSO GERALD G. BRADEN JAROD V. PARKER JEFFREY M. VANDYKE LAVONE S. BRADSHAW JOSHUA A. PARKER MATTHEW B. VANPUTTE ODENE C. BRATHWAITE MITCHELL A. PAYNE JOHN P. VICKERY CLEOPHUS K. BRELAND STEVEN F. PAYNE ANNJANICE S. VOGAN JARED W. BRITZ RICHARD B. PEACOCK ROGER L. VOGEL III CAROLYN B. BRONSON MICHAEL A. PEARCE BEAU S. VOMASTIC SPENCER BROWN MARK C. PEER ADAM J. WACHOB KERRY K. BRUNAIS MARCUS A. PEREZ PHILIP M. WAGGONER MATTHEW L. BRYANT MARIAH J. PEREZ MATT D. WAGNER JASON M. BUCKINGHAM JAMES E. PERKINS IAN M. WAGONER CORTIS B. BURGESS LORI L. PERKINS WINDY R. WALDREP ALEXANDER D. BURGOS JOHN A. PETERSON CHARLES F. WALL CHANTALINE P. CABAN JONATHAN G. PETERSON ANTHONY J. WARNER MILTON A. CAMPBELL, JR. JOHN F. PETKOVICH III COREY B. WARREN JASON F. CANO CHRISTOPHER R. PEVEY THOMAS R. WARREN CHRISTOPHER J. CARBONE JONATHAN E. PFENDER WILLIAM W. WASH AMELIA D. CARTER STEVEN E. PIERCE JOHN N. WAUGH ROBERT D. CARTER COLE C. PINHEIRO JASON R. WEBB LELAND S. CASE MATTHEW J. PIOSA MICHAEL M. WELLOCK NANCY J. CASTRO FRENCH D. POPE SIMON P. WELTE ANTHONY R. CATO MICHAEL A. PORGES HERMAN B. WEST SETH L. CHAPPELL DAVID T. POWELL JEREMY W. WHEELER JONATHAN C. CHEEK JARED L. POWELL JENNIFER L. WHITE BEN H. CHOE JOSEPH R. POWER THOMAS A. WHITEHEAD ANDREW E. CHOVANCEK MICHAEL J. PREDNY THOMAS WHITFIELD II ADAM R. CHRISTENSON JOHN C. PRINCIPE NATHAN H. WHITNEY AGNES C. M. CHU JOSEPH M. QUINN JOSHUA I. WILES ANTHONY M. CLAS STEPHANIE M. RADFORD JAYSON N. WILLIAMS JABBAR N. COLBERT DARIUS O. RANDOLPH MEGAN R. WILLIAMS JOHN T. COOLEY JAMES M. RAY NICHOLAS C. WILLIAMS JOSEPH A. COSCI, JR. DEREK J. RAYMOND THOMAS M. WILLIAMS ADAIR L. COX TERRY F. REDD CLAUDIA E. WILMOTH CHET W. CRAW GILBERT REDFORD BYRON W. WILSON, JR. JAMES M. CREASON JEFFREY C. REED JAMES C. WILTSE SAKURA CREEDON MARK A. REID JASON A. WINKELMANN GEORGE H. CUSHMAN V MICHAEL J. REPASKY BRADLEY J. WINN TODD E. DAHMANN BRIAN D. REYNOLDS SCOTT E. WOHLFORD GARY A. DALES ROBERT R. REYNOLDS KEVIN A. WOLF CHRISTOPHER R. DARLING MATTHEW J. RIPKA ELIZABETH A. WOMBLE ERIK M. DAVIS BENJAMIN D. ROARK NOBLE B. WONSETLER RUSSELL T. DESTREMPS CHRISTOPHER B. ROBERTS MATTHEW E. WOODS BRADLEY W. DIEBOLD GEMA ROBLES CLINTON R. WOODY IAN M. DIETZ DREW G. RODGERS SHAILIN YNACAY SHAWN W. DILLINGHAM

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00083 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 9801 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.012 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE S4166 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 1, 2020

THOMAS P. DIRIENZO MATTHEW A. LAROCCO HEATHER I. RITCHEY MICHAEL L. DONEGAN TIMOTHY J. LAWRENCE LUIS D. RIVERAFONSECA ANDREW J. DORNSTADTER TIMOTHY W. LAWSON DAVID RODRIGUEZ ANDREA G. DOVER ZEROY LAWSON, JR. DOUGLAS G. ROGERS RACHEL B. DOWNING MARYCATHERINE LEACH JOHN R. ROOD MAC H. ECHIPARE III GREGORY M. LECLAIR JASON P. ROSE DANA G. EISENMAN MICHAEL G. LEMAY KAREN A. ROXBERRY ALEX J. EISIMINGER ZACHERY B. LEONARD SEAN M. RUFOLO ALBERT G. ELAM III ANDREW G. LERCH KEVIN M. RYAN SANQUANETTA L. ELLIS WAIMAN LEUNG KEILA M. SANCHEZERAZO BRETT D. EVANS CHRISTIAN A. LIGHTSEY KRISTINA L. SANDERS JULIE A. EVANS SHAD K. LLOYD BENJAMIN L. SASS LUCAS B. FALLOT DOUGLAS A. LOCKE LEON R. SATCHELL MELODY L. FAULKENBERRY THOMAS J. LOUX JEFFREY C. SCHIMIZZE MATTHEW S. FECHTER JOHN E. LUCKIE STEVEN L. SCHMIDT ALBA N. FELCH SERGEY L. LUZHANSKIY FRITZ J. SCHULTES ANTHONY J. FENNELL JASON C. MACCONNELL JOSEPH M. SCHULTZ STEVEN R. FERENZI LAUREN R. MALONEY GAVIN D. SCHWAN JARED N. FERGUSON EINAR D. MANKI ERIK J. SEDLOCK KAREEM Y. FERNANDEZ JOHN P. MANN AARON D. SELPH MICHAEL C. FISH BURKE A. MANWARING DOUG K. SEROTA BRADLEY R. FISHER DEREK C. MARTIN JASON M. SHAFER NEAL J. FISHER JOHNATHAN P. MARTIN JUSTIN S. SHAFER NOKENS FLEURIJEAN JUAN L. MARTINEZ TEREMUURA T. SHAMEL ROBERTO R. FONSECA TROY E. MASON ANDREW K. SHEALY SALVATORE C. FORLENZA MOHAMED B. MASSAQUOI MATTHEW R. SHEFTIC KRISTOFER D. FOSMOE DAVID A. MATTERS BRANDON C. SHELLEY MICHAEL O. FREELAND, JR. LEON H. MATTHIAS WILLIAM W. SHELTON KENNETH R. FRENCH ANTHONY MAYNE MARK E. SHUMAN TROY S. FREY QUENTIN D. MCCART NICHOLAS W. SIKES THERESA N. FULLEN SEAN D. MCENTEE EMIRO M. SINNING MINDI C. FURNIER RORY M. MCGOVERN JOSHUA C. SISSON JACQUELYN R. GALLIHER NICHOLAS J. MCINTEE GARRETT W. SLACK DEREK J. GEDMINTAS BENJAMIN F. MCKINLEY THOMAS M. SLYKHUIS EFREM S. GIBSON TAMEIKA MCNAUGHTEN PAUL M. SMITH JOSEPH A. GIBSON SEAN C. MCNICHOL RICHARD K. SMITH RICHARD W. GIBSON SHAWN P. MCNICOL SYLVAN A. SMITH JAMES S. GILL JONATHAN L. MECHAM JOHNPAUL A. SMOCK CHRISTOPHER M. GIN RICKIE R. MEERS, JR. LARON C. SOMERVILLE MICHAEL A. GLOVER NATALIA R. MERCEDES VICTOR E. SOMNUK MATTHEW A. GONCALVES ANDREW J. MERCHANT MORGAN J. SPRINGGLACE NICHOLAS D. GOSHEN KEVIN A. MERITHEW JODY E. STACY FRANCESCA A. GRAHAM CHEAVIS J. MERITT BRITTIANE V. STATON WILLIAM D. GRATE JACOB I. MEYER DAVID E. STATON MICHAEL E. GRATER MICHEAL W. MEYERS DAMONICA C. SUMPTER ADAM R. GREGORY DARRYL D. MIDDLEBROOK MAIA M. SUSUICO RANDALL S. GRIGGS TIMOTHY M. MIGLIORE VICTORIA S. SZILAGYI BRENDAN M. HAGAN ADHIMA MILLER GILL T. TATMANTYREE, JR. JONATHAN D. HALEY DAVID T. MILLER DANNY P. THEBEAU II JASON K. HALUB MARC W. MILLER JAMES H. THOMAS LISA R. HALVORSON MICHAEL A. E. MILLER KARENSA D. THOMAS HENRY HAMA SETH MILLER MARK E. THOMPSON ROBERT T. HAMILTON GARRICK P. MINOR OSCAR D. THOMPSON PATRICK K. HARDIN CHRISTIAN M. MITCHELL DEREK A. THORNTON BRADLEY J. HARDY TYLER J. MITCHELL JOSHUA H. THYER ETHAN F. HAYES LUKE C. MOEN ALEX C. TIGNOR WALTER G. HEDRICK IV SARAH K. MOFFIT EDWARD W. TIMMONS SAMUEL A. HEIDER BARRON J. MOFFITT JESSICA F. TOPHAM RICARDO HENRY MATTHEW D. MOGENSEN CHRISTOPHER P. TOWNSEND NATHAN P. HEPLER DANIEL MONROY, JR. LANCE C. TURNER PETER D. HIGBIE DELANTE E. MOORE CRISTOPHER M. ULRICH JACOB S. HINA NATHAN A. MOORE RONALD C. UNDERWOOD KATHRYN R. HOEKJE JASON R. MORALES NICKLAS J. VANSTRAATEN DAVID M. HOLBROOK ARTHUR V. MORGAN MARCO A. VELA DAVID E. HOLBROOKS BRYAN W. MORGAN MARC C. VIELLEDENT WILLIAM F. HOLLOWAY GABRIEL L. MORRIS JOHN A. VOTOVICH JONATHAN P. HOWARD JOSEPH H. MROSZCZYK AMBER M. WALKER RYAN A. HOWRY SCOTT T. MUELLER MERRILL W. WALKER MICHAEL S. HUBBARD LAURA E. MUIRHEAD MICHAEL S. WALKER CLIFTON J. HUBBERT EROL K. MUNIR CHARLES B. WALSH II GREGORY V. HUMBLE SONIE L. MUNSON TRAVIS R. WALTER STEPHEN S. HWANG ROBERT F. MURRAY DANIEL L. WEISS CLARENCE D. INGE, JR. MICHAEL J. NAU WILLIAM S. WHITESEL ELIJAH E. INGRAM JAMEY D. NEALY JOHN F. WIEBELD EVAN J. ISAAC ANTHONY C. NELSON SHAUN M. WILD JAMES A. JABLONSKI JESSE M. NESBITT DAVID D. WILKINSON ANGEL K. JACKSON GLEN S. NETTROUR CHARLES A. WILLIAMS CHANE R. JACKSON JACQUELINE M. NEWELL JAMES R. WILLIAMS JACOB M. JENDREY CHRISTINE Y. NGAI JAMES C. WILSON LOUIS L. JENKINS MICHAEL A. NORMAND BENJAMIN C. WISNIOSKI MICHAEL K. JOHN JARED K. NYSTROM WARREN A. WITHROW CODY R. JOHNSON BRIAN C. OBMERGA JOSEPH S. WITMER DANIEL W. JOHNSON DAVID J. OGURA CECIL E. WOLBERTON DAVID W. JOHNSON JOHN M. OLIVER JESSE L. WOOD JASON M. JOHNSON KARL M. OLSON KEITH A. WOODBURN GARY D. JONES RIKKI A. OPPERMAN JAMAR E. WRIGHT GILBERT JUAREZ GINO R. OREZZOLI EINAR J. WULFSBERG JOSEPH C. KACHMAR II JOSEPH A. ORR JOHANNA T. WYNNE KEITH M. KACMAR JOSEPH O. OWOEYE KYLE M. YANOWSKI PANAGIOTI I. KALOGIROS NICHOLAS B. PACE SEAN M. YARROLL NOELANI N. KALUHIWA MATTHEW J. PACHECO DANIEL R. YOUNG DEREK M. KAMACHI MATTHEW J. PAINTER DEREK R. YOUNG JONATHAN P. KAYL ANTHONY J. PALUMBO JONATHAN D. YOUNG, JR. JEFFREY D. KEENAN LEA J. PARKER THEODORE L. ZAGRANISKI ROBERT L. KELLUM ROBERT W. PARKER WOJCIECH ZAJAC DANIEL J. KEMPEN JEREMY B. PASSUT ANDREW P. ZAPF RYAN J. KENNY CHARLES W. PATTERSON JUSTIN ZEVENBERGEN JASON S. KIM JOSHUA A. PATTON D014895 ROSALYN S. KING JONATHAN L. PAYNTER D011786 LISA M. KIRBY MICHAEL J. PEDERSON D015053 JARED R. KITE COLBY PEPON G010671 JOSHUA M. KLATZKO JONATHAN Q. PEREZ G010128 MICHAEL S. KLIPSTEIN DARIO PEREZBIRRIEL D014382 JOHNATHON S. KNAPTON ALEXANDER D. PERSCHALL G010618 OWEN W. KOCH BRANDON M. PETRICK D015457 BRADLEY R. KOERNER SAYTHALA PHONEXAYPHOVA D014872 MICHAEL S. KOLTON NICHOLAS B. PICKFORD D015445 NICHOLAS J. KRAMER DAVID M. PIERCE G010163 HITOSHI KUMAGAI AARON M. POE D015148 FRANK J. KUZMINSKI NICHOLAS G. POPPEN D015626 MERLIN J. KYNASTON JACOB R. PRATER D013546 WALTER F. LANDGRAF MARIO A. QUEVEDO D013273 RODNEY A. LANDRUM CONSTANCE G. QUINLAN G010188 BRITTON A. LANDRY MAXIMILLIAN A. RENARD G010539 MICHAEL LANGAN JENYA M. RHONE THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT CLARENCE E. LANGLEY III JASON L. RICHARDSON TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY DONELL D. LANGLEY KOURTLAWN D. RICHARDSON UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624:

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00084 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 9801 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.015 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE July 1, 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4167 To be lieutenant colonel JONATHAN C. HATHAWAY TROND S. RUUD JOHN C. HATLEY AMBER L. RYDER MELINDA J. ACUNA JAMES E. HAYES ADAM A. SALAZAR DEATAE A. ALLEN DONALD A. HAYFRON MANUEL D. SANCHEZDIAZ KENNISHA N. ALLEN JAIME S. HENDERSON JOSHUA M. SANDLER CATHY G. ALSTON NATHAN D. HENDRIKS MARK A. SCHAUMBURG JUAN A. AMADOR EMPERATRIZ HENRIQUEZ STEVEN M. SCHNURR ALEXANDER J. AMATO KODY W. HERNANDEZ MARK L. SCOTT, JR. XKOSHAN L. ARNOLD TIFFANY N. HINES CASEY M. SECKENDORF DEREK L. ASHE LARRY W. HIRT JONATHAN M. SEITER STEPHEN A. BARAN MELISSA L. HOAGLIN ZAMBIA SEYMORE RANDALL S. BARTEL KEVIN L. HOFFMAN MISHENDA S. SIGGAL JOSEPH P. BAUMBACH BRIAN L. HOLLANDSWORTH XEON O. SIMPSON MATTHEW C. BENDER CRISTOFFER S. HONAN JOHN D. SMITH, JR. MICHAEL B. BENDER DAVID K. HONG KYLE A. SMITH DENNIS W. BERNACKI AMY N. HOOD STEPHEN B. SMITH THOMAS A. BEYERL KEVIN A. HOWELL ROBERT C. SOLANO MARIA BINGHAM JAMES D. HUBBARD BRADLEY B. SON BRANDON D. BOATWRIGHT MICHAEL J. HUBER ROBYN E. BOEHRINGER RYAN T. HULSE MICHAEL SPEARS TAMMY S. BOGART IAN J. JARVIS OLIVER STOLLEY SCOTTY BOLER CHRISTOPHER C. JO EDWARD P. STRZALKOWSKI TARA J. BOWMAN HARDY O. JOHNSON RYAN D. SUNDERMAN JOSTIN A. BOYD ROBERT L. JOHNSON HOWARD M. SWANSON, JR. BRIAN L. BRAITHWAITE BRIAN G. JONES ABRAHAM T. SWEENEY THOMAS D. BREWINGTON JERRY L. JONES HUNG J. TA ZACHERY A. BRISCOE RICHARD E. JONES BONITA A. TAPLINSADIQ JOSEPH L. BROWN KEITH A. JORDAN LIONEL A. TAYLOR JOSEPH W. BROWN JONATHAN W. JUDY CARSON L. TENNEY KEITH W. BROWN AARON M. KIA EBONY S. THOMAS KYLE W. BROWN KENNETH M. KIM RICHARD N. THORNBERG PAUL A. BROWN EDWIN L. KOLEN LAWRENCE TORRES JOHN W. BURNETT DANIEL L. KOSTERS DANIEL F. TOVEN MICHAEL R. CALDWELL KORY A. KRAMER PATRICK A. TURNER JOEL CALOFIGUEROA JOHN C. KUMP PHILIP T. TURNER THOMAS M. CAMPEAU SEAN S. KWOUN DAVID A. VANAKIN TIFFANY L. L. CARLISLE PATRICK A. LANIER EMANUEL VELEZ CATHERINE C. CARLSON CHARLES S. LAWRENCE CHARLES G. WAITES TED L. CHA DONALD M. LEE BENJAMIN J. WALKER TREVOR L. CHAMBERS TERA S. LERCH AMANDA D. WATKINS ERICA E. CHIN BENJAMIN T. LOVING ADRIAN N. WATTS ANGELA N. CHIPMAN ENRIQUE LOY MATTHEW E. WERNERT MONICA K. R. CLAYTON DERRICK E. LUCARELLI REGINALD V. WHITE PAUL E. CLUVERIUS NICHOLAS J. LUCAS LATIA K. WICKLIFFE DANIEL W. COLE ERIC M. MAIA CHRISTOPHER M. WILLIAMS SARAH E. COMEAU MICHAEL J. MARTIN JOHN M. WILLIAMS II MELISSA C. COMISKEY MICHAEL J. MARTIN III KATHERINE R. WILLIAMS BRADLEY J. COOPER MICHAEL W. MARTIN SHARRON D. WILLIAMS ALBERTO CORDOVA MICHAEL A. MARTINEZ YOLANDA G. WILLIAMS NATHANIEL P. COSTA MICHELLE E. MARTINEZ TOBY M. WILLIFORD ANA M. COWAN HILDRED S. MATHEWS BRENT J. WILSON RYAN M. CROSBY JOHN R. MAURO DANIEL C. WILSON DANIEL E. CROSS CHRISTOPHER R. MAY TAMLA A. WILSON MARCIA L. DAILEY EBRIMA F. MBAI ANDRE D. WINDING DEBORAH A. DALEY MCFERRIN D. MCDONALD MATHIS F. WRIGHT MICHAEL G. DAVIDSON HEATHER A. MCDOUGALL MICHELLE R. WYLIE MANDOLYN R. DAVILA PHILIP M. MCDOWELL LINDA S. WYNN BRENT L. DAVIS MILAGROS J. MEDINA LAWRENCE C. YARNALL III OLIVER E. DAVIS LUKE V. MEDVEGY NICHOLAS P. YERBY TIMOTHY G. DAVIS JOAQUIN M. MENO SHAWN YONKIN KIMBERLY A. DEATON ERICA L. MILLER PETER S. YOON JENNIFER M. DEMBECK JASON M. MILLER MATTHEW A. ZAYD CHRISTOPHER J. DENTON THOMAS M. MOHLER D012207 SHANE D. DERING CHRISTINE G. MOORE D014830 JOEL A. DICKEY DAVID B. MOORE D014835 DESIREE S. DIRIGE GEOFFERY G. MOSLEY D014336 THADDEUS J. DOUTHITT BRANDON G. MOTTE D015679 GERARD J. DOW, SR. KEITH M. MUEHLING D015019 GLEN R. DOWLING JEREMY T. MUELLER D015483 TRAVIS S. DRAYTON JONATHAN R. MULDER D011138 NICHOLAS R. DRURY HEATH A. MULLINS THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT JESSICA L. DUNN KEVIN N. NELSON TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY BENJAMIN R. ECKLOR MINH V. NGUYEN UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: MEGHAN V. EDERLE PAUL A. NOCE JOHN A. ELKO JI H. OH To be lieutenant colonel MICHELLE L. ELWOOD RONALD W. OPPERMAN ENRIQUE A. ENRIQUEZ MICHAEL A. PACHUCKI TALON G. ANDERSON PATRICK O. ESSENBERG EMMA PARSONS ALAN M. BAIRLEY DANIEL S. EUSEBIO WANSY PAUL MICHAEL A. BARRY JAMES E. FAGER ANTWON L. PERSON JAMES D. M. BEALL KEVIN M. FEFFERMAN JANET PETEFOX BRIAN W. BURBANK KRISTYN M. FELIX SHAWN O. PEYNADO VICTOR J. CARRERAS BRIAN C. FIDDERMON THOMAS H. PFARR DANIEL W. CLARK JOSHUA W. FORD LUCIANO F. PICCO HERBERT CONTRERAS KENNETH B. FOWLER WINFIELD S. PINKSTAFF CHRISTOPHER M. COOK TROY F. FOX KRISTEN M. PLASSMEYER DUSTIN R. CRAPSE CHRISTOPHER R. FRANKLIN JONATHAN E. L. PLOTKIN JOHN P. CRUZ LAURAJANE R. FREELAND EMILY S. POOLE CHRISTOPHER DENATALE ROBERT E. FREEMAN, JR. RIECHARDE T. PRENELL LESLY J. DENIS MICHAEL V. GALLUCCI ROBERT J. PUENTE MARK A. EVANS MICHAEL A. GALVIN EDUARDO PUMAREJO STEVEN N. FEIGH JEFFREY R. GAMBLE MICHAEL T. QUIGLEY EMMET J. GARIEPY CHRISTIAN L. GATBONTON JACOB J. QUINN LUIS N. GAYTAN LESTER S. GEBSKI SEAN J. QUINN DOUGLAS C. HEALY PETER A. GEORGE STEVEN A. RAVEIA GREGORY R. HINNER JAMES E. GERLING DEAN R. RAY JOSEPH J. KOSTURKO IV SARAH B. GILBERT MARISSA M. REED JASON M. LINGK TIMOTHY G. GODWIN KIMBERLY L. REMBERT JEFFREY T. LITTLE JOSE A. GRANT ANDY REYES SCOTT F. MEENEN DUSTIN R. GRAY JULIO J. REYES BENJAMIN D. MEIER MICHAEL B. GRAY MARCELLA A. L. REYNOLDS KEVIN T. MERRILL CHARLES T. GREENE KIRBY D. RICE JOSEPH A. PAZCOGUIN JEDMUND W. GREENE BRYAN E. RIDDLE SHAWN G. ROBERTSON TOMETRIUS GREER ALPHONSE T. RIDEAU JOSHUA B. RYKOWSKI DAVID M. GREGORY ANDREW D. RIECK DONALD E. SEDIVY JAMES O. GRUBE CARLOS A. RIVAS CHAN Y. SHIN WILLIAM P. GUMABON BRANDON K. ROBINSON TERRIE W. SHIN MARSHAL K. HAMMEL DANIEL B. ROBINSON DEONAND S. SINGH ALISHA C. HAMMETT CLIFTON E. ROGERS BENJAMIN W. STEGMANN DEVIN K. HAMMOND CORINTHIA A. ROMAIN JOHN C. TOLIN BRADLEY C. HAMRICK MARIANO ROSARIO JUDE T. VERGE PETER J. HAN BRYSON R. ROSSOL DAVID J. ZALLO YUNSONG HAN TRAVIS W. RUDGE D015287 JEFFERY D. HANCE MICAH P. RUE D014845

VerDate Sep 11 2014 12:40 Jul 02, 2020 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00085 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 9801 E:\CR\FM\A01JY6.018 S01JYPT1 dlhill on DSK120RN23PROD with SENATE