ONE YEAR IN OFFICE FOR AND

Article 1: All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. Article 2: Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty. Article 3: Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person. Article 4: No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall

be prohibited in all their forms. Article 5: No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, April 2014 / N°631a - AFP PHOTO/SIMON MAINA PHOTO/SIMON AFP - N°631a / 2014 April Cover photo: KENYA, : A man shouts at riot police during a demonstration held to highlight rising cases of corruption in government, insecurity, unemployment, poverty in Nairobi on February 13, 2014. AFP PHOTO/SIMON MAINA.

2 / Titre du rapport – FIDH Introduction ------4 PART I – Increasing Infringements to Fundamental Rights and Freedoms ------5 A. Freedoms of Association and Expression Under Threat ------5 B. Infringements to Freedom of Assembly ------10 C. Perpetrating Human Rights Violations While Countering Terrorism ------10 D. Instigating Discrimination and Inequality Before the Law ------12 Part II – Lack of Political Will to Deliver Justice for the Victims of the 2007/2008 Post-Election Violence ------13 A. Establishment of Local Judicial Process ------13 B. The Truth Justice and Reconciliation Process ------15 C. Government Efforts at Resettlement and/or Compensation of Victims ------15 D. Cooperation with the International Criminal Court ------16 Recommendations ------20

FIDH/KHRC – One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto / 3 Introduction

April 9th the rights of all citizens [...] through legislation that upholds the spirit of [the] Constitutionglorify rather than undermine democracy”1

4 / One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto – FIDH/KHRC PART I – Increasing Infringements to Fundamental Rights and Freedoms

A. Freedoms of Association and Expression Under Threat

A.1. Restricting the Action of Civil Society Organisations: The Miscellaneous Amendment Bill, 2013

FIDH/KHRC – One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto / 5 from time to time, impose terms and organizations status

introduce a Charities Act to regulate political campaigning and individual projects

laws’” “the amendments to the regulations of associations contained in the draft law could have profound consequences for civil society organisations in Kenya, including for those involved in human rights work, and could deter individuals from expressing dissenting views ”2

One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto – FIDH/KHRC Restricting NGOs’ access to funding violates their right to freedom of association3

This legislation impedes the realization of the associations were not authorized to register under the new Proclamation or had to change their area of activityshould ”4 amend [that] Proclamation […], with a view to omitting provisions restricting the work of human rights organizations and lifting the funding restrictions”5

Algeria international donors, which may negatively impact the activities of those associations working on gender equality and empowerment in a developmental context”6

The right to freedom of association relates not only to the right to form an association, ” of an association7

Everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, to solicit, receive and utilize resources for the express purpose of promoting and protecting human rights and fundamental freedoms through peaceful means, in accordance with article 3 of the present Declaration

FIDH/KHRC – One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto / 7 receive funding from different sources, including foreign ones in particular non-governmental organizations, to foreign funding as a part of international is an inherent element of the right to freedom of association impediments, including funding restrictions”8

the right to seek and secure funding and resources from domestic, foreign, and international international organizations pressures to discourage association from receiving funds, in particular foreign funding”9

[…] continue realization of their mandate of human rights promotion and protection in Africa”10 override constitutional provisions or undermine fundamental which would limit the exercise of this freedom”

One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto – FIDH/KHRC A.2 Controlling and Repressing the Media : the Information and Communication (Amendment) Bill and the Media Council Bill, 2013

KENYA, Nairobi : Kenyan journalists, some covering their mouths with tape, hold signs during a protest in Nairobi on December national interest 3, 2013. AFP PHOTO/ SIMON MAINA

11

FIDH/KHRC – One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto / 9 B. Infringements to Freedom of Assembly

AFP PHOTO/SIMON MAINA

Kenya ni Kwetu

incitement,

C. Perpetrating Human Rights Violations While Countering Terrorism

10 / One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto – FIDH/KHRC KENYA, Mombasa : Alleged jihadist youths are detained by police outside the Masjid Mussa mosque following a raid, in the Majengo area of Mombasa, on February 2, 2014. AFP PHOTO / IVAN LIEMAN

12

13

FIDH/KHRC – One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto / 11 D. Instigating Discrimination and Inequality Before the Law

Matrimonial Property Act Marriage Bill

LGBTI persons 14

12 / One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto – FIDH/KHRC Part II – Lack of Political Will to Deliver Justice for the Victims of the 2007/2008 Post- Election Violence

15

th

A. Establishment of Local Judicial Process

16 17 18

FIDH/KHRC – One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto / 13 19

20 21

22 23

19

14 / One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto – FIDH/KHRC 24

B. The Truth Justice and Reconciliation Process

st 25 th 26

C. Government Efforts at Resettlement and/or Compensation of Victims

27 28

FIDH/KHRC – One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto / 15

A camp of internally displaced people in Nakuru, Kenya.© AFP

D. Cooperation with the International Criminal Court

“…To the nations of the world I give you my assurances that I and my team understand that to co-operate with all nations and international institutions – in line with those obligations. However we also expect that the international community will respect our sovereignty and the democratic will of the people of Kenya.

One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto – FIDH/KHRC AFP PHOTO/SIMON MAINA

29

Non-cooperation Use of political bodies Proposing reforms to the Rome Statute Seeking a political agreement

The Prosecutor v. Uhuru M. Kenyatta 30 31

FIDH/KHRC – One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto / 17

Non Cooperation and Pressure on Victims

important evidence, and failed to facilitate our access to critical witnesses who may have shed light on the Muthaura case”32 ”33

Deferral According to Article 16

Proposals to Reform the Rome Statute

34 35

One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto – FIDH/KHRC

Amendments to the Rules of Procedure and Evidence

FIDH/KHRC – One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto / 19 Recommendations

In relation to the respect of fundamental rights and freedoms, FIDH and KHRC call upon :

The authorities of Kenya to:

20 / One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto – FIDH/KHRC

In relation to accountability and justice for victims of 2007/2008 post-election violence, FIDH and KHRC call upon:

The authorities of Kenya to:

FIDH/KHRC – One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto / 21 FIDH and KHRC further call upon:

The to:

The African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights to:

22 / One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto – FIDH/KHRC

The International Criminal Court to:

To the Assembly of States Parties to the Rome Statute to :

The United Nations Security Council:

FIDH/KHRC – One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto / 23 To the United Nations OHCHR:

24 / One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto – FIDH/KHRC FIDH/KHRC – One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto / 25 This publication has been produced with the support of the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ General Directorate of Globalisation. The statements made in this publication are solely those of FIDH and KHRC and can in no way be taken to re!ect the views of the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

One Year in Office for Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto – FIDH/KHRC Keep your eyes open

Establishing the facts Mobilising the international community Investigative and trial observation missions Permanent lobbying before intergovernmental bodies Through activities ranging from sending trial observers to FIDH supports its member organisations and local partners organising international investigative missions, FIDH has in their efforts before intergovernmental organisations. FIDH developed, rigorous and impartial procedures to establish alerts international bodies to violations of human rights and facts and responsibility. Experts sent to the !eld give their refers individual cases to them. FIDH also takes part inthe time to FIDH on a voluntary basis. development of international legal instruments. FIDH has conducted more than 1 500 missions in over 100 countries in the past 25 years. These activities reinforce FIDH’s Informing and reporting alert and advocacy campaigns. Mobilising public opinion FIDH informs and mobilises public opinion. Press releases, Supporting civil society press conferences, open letters to authorities, mission reports, Training and exchange urgent appeals, petitions, campaigns, website… FIDH makes FIDH organises numerous activities in partnership with its full use of all means of communication to raise awareness of member organisations, in the countries in which they are human rights violations. based. The core aim is to strengthen the in"uence and capacity of human rights activists to boost changes at the local level.

The Kenya Human Rights Commission (KHRC) human rights-centred governance. Its founders and staff are was founded in 1992 and registered in Kenya in 1994 as a among the foremost leaders and activists in struggles for national level Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO). Throu- human rights and democratic reforms in Kenya. ghout its existence, the core agenda of the Commission has been campaigning for the entrenchment of a human rights and KENYA HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION democratic culture in Kenya through monitoring, documenting Gitanga Road opp. Valley Arcade Shopping Center, and publicising rights violations. P.O Box 41079-00100, Nairobi, Kenya Tel: +254-20 2044545 / Tel: +254-20 2106709 The KHRC also works at community level with 27 human Tel: +254-20 3874998 rights networks (HURINETS) across Kenya. We link commu- Fax: +254-20 3874997 nity, national and international human rights concerns. KHRC’s Email: [email protected] strategic plan aims to ‘Secure civic-driven, accountable and Website: http://www.khrc.or.ke

FIDH - International Federation for Human Rights Director of the publication: Karim Lahidji 17, passage de la Main-d’Or - 75011 Paris - France Editor: Antoine Bernard CCP Paris : 76 76 Z Authors: Esther Waweru, Tchérina Jerolon Tel: (33-1) 43 55 25 18 / Fax: (33-1) 43 55 18 80 coordination: Tchérina Jerolon www.fidh.org Design: CBT

Imprimerie de la FIDH - Dépôt légal mai 2014 - FIDH (English ed.) ISSN 2225-1804 - Fichier informatique conforme à la loi du 6 janvier 1978 (Déclaration N°330 675) FIDH represents 178 human rights organisations on 5 continents

inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. Article 6: Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law. Article 7: All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination. Article 8: Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law. Article 9: No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile. Article 10: Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him. Article 11: (1) Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty

ABOUT FIDH

FIDH takes action for the protection of victims of human rights violations, for the prevention of violations and to bring perpetrators to justice.

A broad mandate FIDH works for the respect of all the rights set out in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights: civil and political rights, as well as economic, social and cultural rights.

A universal movement FIDH was established in 1922, and today unites 178 member organisations in more than 100 countries around the world. FIDH coordinates and supports their activities and provides them with a voice at the international level.

An independent organisation Like its member organisations, FIDH is not linked to any party or religion and is independent of all governments.

Find information concerning FIDH’s 178 member organisations on www.fidh.org