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[Capnopsis Schilleri (ROSTOCK 1892) (Plecoptera: Capniidae) Found Again in Saxony-Anhalt/Germany] Mathias Hohmann

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[Capnopsis Schilleri (ROSTOCK 1892) (Plecoptera: Capniidae) Found Again in Saxony-Anhalt/Germany] Mathias Hohmann ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Lauterbornia Jahr/Year: 1996 Band/Volume: 1996_27 Autor(en)/Author(s): Hohmann Matthias Artikel/Article: Wiederfund von Capnopsis schilleri (Rostock 1892) (Plecoptera: Capniidae) in Sachsen-Anhalt. 41-45 ©Erik Mauch Verlag, Dinkelscherben, Deutschland,41 Download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Lauterbornia H. 27: 41-45, Dinkelscherben, Dezember 1996 Wiederfund von Capnopsis sc/7///er/ (R o s t o c k 1892) (Ple­ coptera: Capniidae) in Sachsen-Anhalt [Capnopsis schilleri (R o sto ck 1892) (Plecoptera: Capniidae) found again in Saxony-Anhalt/Germany] Mathias Hohmann Mit 1 Abbildung und 1 Tabelle Schlagwörter: Capnopsis, Plecoptera, Insecta, Elbe, Sachsen-Anhalt, Deutschland, Fundmeldung, Habitat, Biologie Capnopsis schilleri (R o sto ck 1892) wurde in Sachsen-Anhalt wiedergefunden. 1996 konnten in einem Tieflandbach 13 Larven und 77 Imagines aufgesammelt werden. Habitatcharakteri­ stika werden diskutiert und Angaben über die begleitende Insektenfauna gemacht. Capnopsis schilleri (ROSTOCK 1892) has been found again in Saxony-Anhalt. In 1996 13 lar­ val and 77 adult specimens could be gathered in a lowland brook. Habitat characteristics are discussed and accompanying insect fauna are described. 1 Einleitung Der Gelehrte und Plecoptera-KennerR ostock beschreibt 1892 eine neue Stein­ fliegenart aus der Prießnitz in der Dresdener Heide, dieCapnodes er schilleri nennt nach seinem Freund und Entdecker Carl Schiller.M orton (1896) ändert den Gattungsnamen Capnopsis.in Die Art ist bis heute nur vereinzelt in Deutschland gefunden worden.Scho e - n e m u n d (1927) erwähnt den Fundort vonR ostock sowie ein Vorkommen bei Lohr am Main. Illies (1963) bestätigt diese Angaben und fügt als weiteren Fundort die Elbe bei Dresden hinzu.B raasch (1970) meldet die Art erstmalig aus dem Norddeutschen Tiefland (Rischebach/Elbe) sowie (1993) als Erstnach­ weis für das Land Brandenburg.Ei del (1974) berichtet über 2 Exemplare aus dem Wutachgebiet/Schwarzwald. Schulte & W einzierl (1990) undW einzierl (1994) melden die Art aus dem Bayerischen Wald, dem Alpenvorland und den Alpen. Hinzu kommt der aktuelle Fund aus dem Olbitzbach/Elbe, über den hier berichtet wird. 42 ©Erik Mauch Verlag, Dinkelscherben, Deutschland, Download unter www.biologiezentrum.at 2 Untersuchungsgebiet und Material Das Fundgewässer entspringt 115 m üNN im Fläming in Sachsen-Anhalt, Re­ gierungsbezirk Dessau/Wittenberg, und mündet nach 13,5 km in die Elbe (60 m üNN); Quellbereich und Oberlauf sind anthropogen verändert, Mittel- und Un­ terlauf sind naturbelassen. 1995/96 führte der Verfasser ökologisch-faunistische Untersuchungen an Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera,Trichoptera in Bächen des Fläming durch, dabei wurde der Olbitzbach monatlich beprobt; die Ergebnisse werden demnächst in ausführlicherer Form publiziert(H o h m a n n , in Vorb.). Im Rahmen der Arbeit wurden zwischen Januar und März 1996 13 Larven von schilleriC. gefangen, dazu im April und Mai 47 Männchen und 30 Weibchen. Der Wiederfund von C.schilleri ist insofern sehr bemerkenswert, da die Art seit der Meldung vonB raasch (1970) als verschollen galt; die Population im Rischebach/Elbe, Landkreis Wittenberg, ist mittlerweile erloschen(H o h m a n n , in Vorb.). Das Vorkommen im Olbitzbach ist heute das zweite bekannte im ge­ samten Norddeutschen Tiefland (Abb.l). Abb. 1: Fundorte von C. schilleri in Norddeutschland In Tabelle 1 sind die begleitenden Plecoptera-, Ephemeroptera- und Tr icho­ ptera-Arten aufgelistet. Die mit großer Unsicherheit verbundene Determination von Nemoura- und Leuctra-Larven konnte nahezu zweifelsfrei durchgeführt werden. Grundlage bildete z. B. beiNemoura die Artdiagnose über Imagines. Es wurden dann die Larven der drei ermittelten Arten zugeordnet, die unterein­ ander hinsichtlich Beborstung der Femora, Abdominaltergite, Cerci usw. sehr verschieden sind. So wurde es möglich, die hier als einzige SpeziesNemou- der 43 ra marginata-Gmppe©Erik Mauch Verlag, auftretende Dinkelscherben,N. Deutschland, flexuosa Download als unterLarve www.biologiezentrum.at zu bestimmen. Ähnli­ ches gilt fürHalesus digitatus undH. radiatus. Die betreffenden aquatischen Stadien wurden sensuH igler (in Vorb.) identifiziert und wiederum durch Ima­ gines belegt. Tab. 1: Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera und Trichoptera im Olbitzbach nach 12maliger Be- probung von 08.1995-07.1996. L= Larve, l= Imago EPHEMEROPTERA Baetis rhodani (P ic tet 1843) L Baetis vernus C u r t is 1834 L Ephemera danica M ü ll e r 1764 L,l Heptagenia sulphurea (M ü ll e r 1776) L,l Paraleptophlebia submarginata (S t e p h e n s 1835) L Siphlonurus sp. L PLECOPTERA Amphinemura standfussi (Ris 1902) L,l Capnopsis schilleri (R o s t o c k 1892) L,l Isoptena serricornis (P ic t e t 1841) L Leuctra fusca (L in n a e u s 1758) L, I Leuctra hippopus Ke m p n y 1899 L,l Nemoura avicularis M o r t o n 1894 L,l Nemoura cinerea (R e tz iu s 1793) L,l Nemoura flexuosa Au b e r t 1949 L, I Perlodes dispar R a m b u r 1842 L,l Protonemura intricata (Ris 1902) L,l Taeniopteryx nebulosa (L in n a e u s 1758) L,l TRICHOPTERA Anabolia nervosa (C u r t is 1834) L,l Chaetopteryx villosa (F a b r ic iu s 1798) L,l Enoicyla reichenbachi (Ko l e n a t i 1848) I Glyphotaelius pellucidus (R e tz iu s 1783) L,l Halesus digitatus (S c h r a n k 1781) L,l Halesus radiatus (C u r t is 1834) L,l Hydropsyche pellucidula (C u r t is 1834) L Hydropsyche saxonica M c L a c h l a n 1884 L Hydropsyche siltalai D ö h l e r 1963 L Lype reducta (H a g e n 1868) L,l Plectrocnemia conspersa (C u r t is 1834) L,l Polycentropus flavomaculatus (P ic tet 1834) L,l Polycentropus irroratus C u r t is 1835 L,l Potamophylax cingulatus (S t e p h e n s 1837) L Potamophylax rotundipennis (B r a u e r 1857) L,l Potamophylax sp. L Rhyacophila fasciata H a g e n 1859 L,l Sericostoma personatum Kir b y & S p e n c e 1826 I Sericostoma sp. L Silo nigricornis (P ic tet 1834) L,l ©Erik Mauch Verlag, Dinkelscherben, Deutschland, Download unter www.biologiezentrum.at 44 3 Verbreitung Neben den bereits genannten Funden aus Deutschland schilleriist C. aus ganz Europa bekannt: Norwegen(K em pn y 1901), ganz Skandinavien(L illeham m er 1988), europäischer Teil der ehemaligen UdSSR und Litauen(Z hiltzova 1964 undK azlauskas 1962 in Illies 1966), Bulgarien (B raasch & Jost 1971), Ru­ mänien (Kis 1974). Ebenso liegen aus Nordafrika publizierte Meldungen vor: Marokko (Azzouz & Sa n ch ez -O rtega 1992). 4 Lebensweise Illies (1963) nennt als Lebensraum von C.schilleri "größere Flüsse des Mittel­ gebirges" Die norddeutschen Fundorte liegen in kleinen bis mittelgroßen Bä­ chen mit sandigem Untergrund und sind weitgehend naturnah; dieser Gewässer­ typ wird auch vonL illeh am m er genannt (1973, 1975a).S chulte & W einzierl (1990) berichten über Funde aus kleinen Flüssen und Oberläufen bis 950 m Hö­ he; nach W einzierl (mdl.) ist aber keine Präferenz für bestimmte Substrate zu erkennen, wie sieL illeh am m er (1988) angibt. Im Olbitzbach fanden sich die Larven in Fallaub- und Totholzablagerungen, während auf Steinen, Kies, Sand und Erlenwurzeln die Nachsuche ohne Erfolg blieb. Ähnlich äußern sichL illeh am m er (1973, 1975a) undB raasch (1993). Zur Ernährung der Larve ist aus der Literatur nichts bekannt; nachZ wick (in lit.) "sind die Tiere wie praktisch alle Capniidae-Larven opportunistische Fein­ partikelsammler, die sicher auch einen gewissen Anteil Biofilm (Diatomeenauf­ wuchs) aufnehmen" Capnopsis schilleri hat nach L illeham m er (1988) undH ala n d (1992) einen einjährigen Entwicklungszyklus. Das larvale Wachstum ist deutlich temperatur­ beeinflußt, wieH a l a n d (1992) in Laborversuchen ermittelte. Er gibt die Länge von First-instar-Larven mit 0,65-0,70 mm an, L illeham m er (1988) nennt 0,65- 0,75 mm. Die Größe ausgewachsener Larven beträgt nachIllies (1963) 3-5 mm, nach L illeh am m er (1988) 4-6 mm. Die Flugzeit erstreckt sich nach Kis (1974) von April-Juli, Illies (1963) nennt für Deutschland Mai-Juli. Am Olbitzbach wurden Imagines von April-Mai beobachtet, was mit den Angaben vonSc h o e n e m u n d (1927) übereinstimmt. Die Größe der Imagines wird von Kis (1974) mit 3,5-5 mm angegeben, Lvonille ­ ham m er (1988) mit 3-6 mm. Dank Herrn Dr. H. Reusch (Suhlendorf) danke ich herzlich für die Überprüfung einiger kritischer Taxa und für die Durchsicht des Manuskriptes. Nicht zuletzt gilt mein Dank Herrn Prof. Dr. P. Zwick (Schlitz) und Herrn A. Weinzierl (Landshut) für eine Anzahl hilfreicher Anmerkungen. ©Erik Mauch Verlag, Dinkelscherben, Deutschland, Download unter www.biologiezentrum.at 45 Literatur Azzouz, M. & A. Sanchez -O rtega (1992): Capnopsis schilleri (Rostock, 1892) (Plecoptera: Capniidae), nuevo componente de la fauna de Plecopteros de Marruecos.- Zool. baetica 3: 201, Granada. Braasch , D. (1970): Capnopsis schilleri ROST. (Plecoptera) in Norddeutschland.- Ent. Nachr. 14: 30-32, Dresden. Braasch , D. (1993): Capnopsis schilleri (Plecoptera) in Brandenburg.- Ent. Nachr. Ber. 37: 249- 250, Dresden. Braasch , D. & W. J oost (1971): Neue Plecopterenfimde aus Bulgarien.- Ent. Nachr. 15: 58-66, Dresden. E idel, K. (1974): Die Steinfliegen (Plecoptera) des Wutachgebietes.- Mitt. bad. Landesver. Natur­ kunde Naturschutz N. F. 11: 135-143, Freiburg i. Br.. H aland , O. (1992): The life cycle of Capnopsis schilleri (Plecoptera: Capniidae) in Saeterbekken near Oslo, Norway.- Fauna norv. Ser. B 39: 45-48, Oslo. H igler , L.W.G. (in Vorb.): De Nederlandse Kokerjufferlarven. Determinatietable.- Rijksinstituut voor Natuurbeheer, Leersum. H ohm an n , M. (in Vorb.): Ökologisch-faunistische Untersuchungen an Steinfliegen (Insecta, Ple­ coptera) aus Flämingbächen des Landes Sachsen-Anhalt.
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