The Mental Impact of Social Bullying on Lemuel Gulliver in the Giant Country in Jonathan Swift’S Gulliver’S Travels

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THE MENTAL IMPACT OF SOCIAL BULLYING ON LEMUEL GULLIVER IN THE GIANT COUNTRY IN JONATHAN SWIFT’S GULLIVER’S TRAVELS

A SARJANA PENDIDIKANRESEARCH PAPER

Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements to Obtain the SarjanaPendidikan Degree in English Language Education

By Yudha Pranggodo Student Number: 121214064

ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE AND ARTS EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHERS TRAINING AND EDUCATION SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2018

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THE MENTAL IMPACT OF SOCIAL BULLYING ON LEMUEL GULLIVER IN THE GIANT COUNTRY IN JONATHAN SWIFT’S GULLIVER’S TRAVELS

A SARJANA PENDIDIKANRESEARCH PAPER

Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements to Obtain the SarjanaPendidikan Degree in English Language Education

By Yudha Pranggodo Student Number: 121214064

ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE AND ARTS EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHERS TRAINING AND EDUCATION SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2018

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07 Juni PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

DEDICATION PAGE

I dedicate this undergraduate paper to:

JESUS CHRIST

JULIANA ERSI FATMIRA

GABRIELA DEVI ANINDITYA

GREGORIUS HUGO HIMAWAN

NICHOLAS JALU PANGESTI

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ABSTRACT

Pranggodo, Yudha (2018). The mental impact of social bullying on Lemuel Gulliver in The Giant Country in Gulliver’s Travels novel by Jonathan Swift. Yogyakarta: English Language Education Study Program. Department of Language and Arts Education, Faculty of Teachers Training and Education, Sanata Dharma University.

The study analyzes a novel titled Gulliver's Travels written by Jonathan Swift specifically on the adventure section to Brobdingnag or the giant country. This novel tells about the adventures of a doctor named Lemuel Gulliver to some places. There are three parts of Lemuel Gulliver's journey. In this study, the researcher took one part in the journey of Lemuel Gulliver that is when he traveled to Brobdingnag.The focus of this study is to show the types of bullying and mental impact that occurred on Lemuel Gulliver during his journey in Brobdingnag or the land of giants. This study aims to determine the kinds of bullying and find out the impact of Lemuel Gulliver’s mental. The researcher have generated two problem formulations. The first problem formulation is "What are the types of bullying that happened and experienced by the main character while in the land of giants?" Then the second problem formulation is "How does bullying impact on the main character?" The researcher employed psychological approach in this research. After doing the research, the first results show the types of bullying that occur and experienced by the main character in the novel while traveling in the giant country. There are seven cases of bullying that happened to Lemuel Gulliver. In the summary, the researcher found two types of bullying. There are physical bullying and non-physical bullying. The second result shows that bullying impacts the mental of Lemuel Gulliver. Gulliver suffered mental stress while in a giant country because Gulliver was uncomfortable with the treatment he received. It is recommended for subsequent researchers to conduct more in-depth research on bullying as well as the impact it generates and also to use this novel as a further research.

Keywords: Bullying, Impact

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ABSTRAK

Pranggodo, Yudha (2018). The mental impact of social bullying on Lemuel Gulliver in The Giant Country in Gulliver’s Travels novel by Jonathan Swift. Yogyakarta: Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris. Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa dan Seni, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Sanata Dharma.

Penelitian ini menganalisis novel berjudul Gulliver’s Travels yang ditulis oleh Jonathan Swift khususnya pada bagian petualangan menuju Brobdingnag atau negeri raksasa. Novel ini bercerita mengenai petualangan seorang dokter bernama Lemuel Gulliver ke beberapa tempat. Ada tiga bagian dalam perjalanan tokoh utama. Peneliti mengambil satu bagian dalam perjalan Lemuel Gulliver yaitu saat berpetualang menuju Brobdingnag. Fokus dalam studi ini adalah menunjukkan tipe-tipe perundungan dan dampak mental yang terjadi pada Lemuel Gulliver saat perjalanannya di negeri raksasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui macam-macam bullying perundungan dan mencari tahu dampak mental yang berpengaruh pada Lemuel Gulliver. Peneliti telah merumuskan dua rumusan masalah. Rumusan masalah yang pertama adalah “Apa saja perundungan yang terjadi dan dialami oleh tokoh utama saat berada di negeri raksasa?” kemudian rumusan masalah yang kedua adalah “Bagaimana perundungan berdampak pada mental tokoh utama?” Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan psikologis dalam penelitian ini. Setelah melakukan penelitian, hasil pertama menunukjukkan tipe-tipe perundungan yang terjadi dan dialami oleh tokoh utama dalam novel saat perjalanannya di negeri raksasa. Ada tujuh kasus perundungan yang terjadi pada Lemuel Gulliver. Secara ringkas, peneliti menemukan dua tipe perundungan yaitu tipe perundungan fisik dan tipe perundungan non-fisik. Hasil kedua menunjukkan bahwa perundungan berdampak terhadap mental Lemuel Gulliver. Gulliver mengalami tekanan mental saat berada di negeri raksasa karena Gulliver merasa tidak nyaman dengan perlakuan yang diterima olehnya. Direkomendasikan untuk peneliti berikutnya untuk melakukan penelitian lebih mendalam tentang bullying dan juga dampak yang dihasilkan dan juga untuk menggunakan novel ini sebagai penelitian lebih lanjut.

Keywords: perundungan, dampak

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First of all, I want to give a great gratitude to Jesus Christ, who gives me

His Blessing and Guidance so I can finish my study. He gives me strength when I feel weak and inspiration when I don’t know what to write on my thesis. Because of his blessing until this time, I can finish my paper.

My deepest gratitude goes to my advisor Dr. Emanuel Sunarto, M. Hum. for his guidance, support and time as long as I am working on this paper. He helps me to find ideas and especially he spares his time for me, when I need to consult with him. All the suggestions that have been given to me are very helpful for me to finish this paper.

My gratitude goes to my academic advisor Carla Sih Prabandari, S. Pd.,

M.Hum. for her time and guidance in about five and a half years.

I dedicate this paper to my beloved parents; my mom Juliana Ersi

Fatmira and my brother Gregorius Hugo Himawan and Nicholas Jalu

Pangesti which always gives me motivation and love to finish my study. All their support are very important to me, because without their support, I can’t be what I am now and I won’t able to finish this paper.

I would also give my biggest thanks to my friends who have helped me a lot to finish this paper; Puguh Kristanto who also gives his time when I need his guidance when I write my paper and he is one of my friends who gives me a lot of inspiration and suggestions,Yohanes Veryndra, my partner in class and also my soul mate who always supports me in every conditions, Hilarius Raditya Purba,

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my friends who always gives advice and always patiently gives solution so that I can do my paper, Dwitya Wiratama Sakti, my friend who always gives me support to finish my paper when I feel frustrated.

Pranggodo, Yudha

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page TITLE ...... i APPROVAL PAGE ...... ii DEDICATION PAGE ...... iv STATEMENT OF WORK’S ORIGINALITY ...... v LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN ...... vi ABSTRACT ...... vii ABSTRAK ...... viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...... ix TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... xi CHAPTER I ...... 1 1.1 Background of the Study ...... 1 1.2 Approach of the study ...... 3 1.2.1 Theory of Bullying ...... 4 1.2.2 Psychology of Mental Impact ...... 5 1.2.3 Theory of Depression ...... 6 CHAPTER II ...... 8 2.1 Review of Related Literature ...... 8 2.2 The Finding and Discussions ...... 10 2.2.1 Finding ...... 10 2.2.2 Discussion ...... 12 CHAPTER III ...... 17 3.1 Conclusion ...... 17 3.2 Recommendation ...... 20 REFERENCES ...... 21 APPENDIX ...... 22

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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

This chapter presents the background of the study and the approach employed in this study. In the background of the study, the researcher briefly describes literature as an introduction to the study and also displays the definition of bullying according to the expert and the bullying types. In the approach of the study, the researcher presents an approach used to examine this study.

1.1 Background of the Study

Literature is basically a creation that is not only an imitation (Luxemburg,

1989 p.5). Therefore, literature generally contains about the problems surrounding human life. The emergence of literature is against the background of their basic human impulse to reveal their existence. Therefore, literature generally contain about the problems surrounding human life (Sarjidu, 2004 p.2). According to

Wellek and Warren (1962), literature can be defined as everything in the print media. There are many kinds of literature such as poems and novels. In addition, literature has a function to relieve either the writers or the readers from the pressure of emotions. Therefore, the pressure of emotions means to get free of them (p.216).

Literature is identical to a literary work that makes a person interested to study it. One of the favorite literary works of the researcher is a novel. According to Wellek and Warren (1995), novels are literary works created in book form

(p.298). The novel to be studied in this research is a

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novel entitled Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift. The researcher is interested in researching this novel because it contains elements of fiction. However, the researcher focuses on the part of the novel containing an interesting story about the main character's experience when getting uncomfortable treatment from another group or bullying that mentally impacts the main things, such as confidence, comfort, and inner stress. The researcher is interested in studying one part of this novel that contains elements of bullying because bullying is a threat to humankind at this time.

According to Ken Rigby (1996), bullying is a desire to hurt. This action is performed directly by stronger, irresponsible, usually repetitive, individuals and groups with a feeling of happiness (p.11). According to Andrew Mellor (2007), bullying is an experience that occurs when people feels persecuted by the actions of others and they are afraid that if the bad behavior will happen again while the victim feels powerless to prevent it. Bullying can not be separated from the power gap or power between the victim and the perpetrator and followed by the pattern of repetition (repetition of behavior) (p.59).

In the novel entitled Gulliver's Travels, the main character named Lemuel

Gulliver made a journey to three places. Lemuel had a lot of life experience through his journey to some of these places, but one of Lemuel's most valuable experiences was when he found a place called Brobdignag. The place is inhabited by the giants. In that place, Lemuel experienced an incident when he felt something he had never met before. In the land of giants, Lemuel is regarded as a small and powerless creature. Lemuel found himself treated unworthily as a

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human being. The researcher presents social bullying happened in the novel and how the impact on the main character when he was in a state that is not at all imagined by him when he was in Brobdignag.

1.2 Approach of the study

In this study, the researcher employed a psychological approach to support a study related to bullying and the result regarding the mental impact. According to Harjana (1991), the psychological approach can be interpreted as a way of analysis based on the standpoint of psychology and mental impact (p.60). The psychoanalytic approach is developed by Sigmund Freud in the book Personality

Theory (Feist, Jess and Gregory J. Feist, 2008 p.22). He believes that the life of individuals is largely controlled by the subconsciousness. So much behavior is based on things that are not realized, such as desire, impulse, or encouragement.

The suppressed desire will remain alive in the subconscious mind and at times will demand to be satisfied. This approach is more concerned with the subjective experience of the individual because the behavior is strongly influenced by the individual's view of self and the world, the concept of self, self-esteem and all things concerning awareness or self-actualization. This means seeing a person's behavior is always associated with a phenomenon of self. There are three theories used to answer the research questions as follows :

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1.2.1 Theory of Bullying

According to Olweus (1993), bullying is a negative action done by someone or more, which is done repeatedly from time to time. Bullying occurs because of an opportunity. It occurs repeatedly because it is determined by three factors. The first factor is the feelings of grudge possessed by the bully offender because they have been bullied in the past. The second factor is bullying occurs repeatedly because there is an opportunity to do so. Finally, the third factor is the bullying victims do not have enough self-defense to counter the bullying that occurs. Therefore, a person who is usually a victim of bullying, one day could be a bully (p.9).

Ken Rigby (1996) also says that bullying is a repeated suppression or repression, psychologically or physically against someone who has less power or power by a stronger person or group of people. Rigby suggests that bullying is repeated over and over and that it affects a person's psyche. Futhermore, bullying attacks the mental as well as physical of the victim. Thus, bullying is a negative action that aims to injure or impose a person's mental (p.11).

According to Andrew Mellor (2007), bullying is divided into two types, which are physical bullying and non-physical bullying. Physical bullying is associated with an action by bullying perpetrators who perpetrate against the victim by hitting, kicking, threatening, and intimidating the victim. Non-physical bullying is divided into two forms: verbal bullying and non-verbal bullying.

Verbal bullying is done by threatening, saying rude to the victim, spreading false

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news about the victim. Non-verbal bullying is done by frightening the victim, pounding the victim, and threatening the victim with a violence (p.59).

In terminology or explanation of a term according to Barbara Coloroso

(2007), bullying is a distorted behavior perpetrated by someone who has a stronger dominant behavior to someone who is weaker by bluffing or creating an uncomfortable atmosphere for the victim continuously so that the victim feels paranoid. Bullying occurs because it is caused by three factors. The first factor is the environmental factor. It is undeniable that environment is the biggest factor in the formation of an attitude. The second is family factor. The family becomes the principal means of creating one's character. If the family condition is very harmonious, then the percentage of the occurrence of bullying is also very small.

The third is self-impulse factor. Bullying can occur not only by external factors but also by an inner drive. Basically, bullying perpetrators keep a sense of resentment, disappointment, or anger that eventually wreak out on bullying (p.47).

1.2.2 Psychology of Mental Impact

According to Richard Mayer (1981), psychology is an analysis of mental processes and memory structures to understand human behavior. Psychology is very close with the mental development of a person. There are two factors that affect a person's mental. The first factor comes from inside oneself. Basically, a person has thoughts and also feelings that go together in carrying out their functions. If thoughts and feelings do not work simultaneously, they will cause

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internal stress. Inner stress occurs because a person was only able to store feeling possessed without being able to express the feeling in action. The second factor comes from outside oneself. Man is created as a social being, then the community environment or family environment becomes a means for a person to seek identity. Community environment or family environment is a factor that comes from outside that can affect a person's mental. However, from these two factors, one of the factor that appears most frequently is the inner pressure in a person.

Therefore, if a person in a depression, then the inner pressure will affect a person's mental. Basically the victim of bullying behavior will be under pressure that makes bullying victim more and more tormented. Peoples who are already uncomfortable will try to get out of the environment that makes them feel uncomfortable. Bullying can not only threaten physical safety, but bullying also poses a threat to a person's mental. Bullyings can also be done by individuals or groups that are usually performed repeatedly in order to show power or to make their opponents feel weak and uncomfortable. Bullying is related to the impact of psychology because bullying is not only done physically but also verbally in a form of intimidation (p.13).

1.2.3 Theory of Depression

According to Davison, Neale, and Kring (2006), depression is an emotional state that is usually characterized by profound grief, feelings of innocence and guilt, withdrawal from others, sleeplessness, loss of appetite, sexual desire, and interest in and activity the usual (p.372).

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According to Lubis (2009), people who experience depression generally suffer from disorders that include emotional states, motivation, functional, and behavioral movements and cognition. People are said to be depressed when they experience symptoms such as fear, worry, and also discomfort with something. People are said to be depressed when they feel that they cannot control their mind and are accompanied by feelings of uneasiness or excessive worry. Feelings of discomfort and excessive worry are usually perceived as the impact of a stress that makes a person unable to control his or her psyche. There are three factors that make a person felt depressed. The factors that affect a person to felt depressed are the inner pressure, the unpleasant treatment of others, and complicated issues, but the main factor of a person experiencing depression is mental burden. A person who experiences stress, will affect the mental state and this is caused by excessive depression (p.13).

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CHAPTER II DISCUSSION

This chapter consists of the review of related literature, the finding, and the discussion of the finding.

2.1 Review of Related Literature

This section covers previous theoretical basis that aims to strengthen this research. There are two problems to be discussed in this study. The first is social bullying that occurs in the novel. The second is the impact of social bullying experienced by the main character in the novel. This discussion focuses on the social bullying and the impact of social bullying on the main character in

Gulliver's travels novel.

The researcher chose a novel titled Gulliver's Travels as a source of data.

The novel is divided into three parts. The first part tells about the experience of the main character was traveled to the land of Liliput. The second part tells the experience of the main character in the land of giants. The last part tells the experience of the main character during an adventure in Laputa. In this study, the researcher chose to take the second part of the story when the main character was in a giant country or Brobdingnag because this part showing how bullying occurs and what impact the bullyings did to the main character’s mentality.

In this research, there are procedures applied to find the information about bullying happened. The first step is to find out the types of social bullying

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that occurs in the story is by reading the novel. After reading the novel, the researcher tried to find out the forms of bullying that occur in the story. After finding the theories to support this research, the researcher searched some previous studies to examine more deeply about the mental impact as the result of social bullying. Therefore, the researcher tried to find previous study on social bullying and the impact that follows. In the search of some previous studies, the researcher found a reference from the previous study that discussed the impact of social bullying. In this case, the researcher tried to emphasize what social bullying is and the impact of social bullying on the main character in the Gulliver's travels novel.

In a previous study, Krispradipta (2013) discussed the impact of social bullying. In this study, Krispradipta (2013) divided the research results into three charts. First, focus on how the main character is described in the story. The second, how social bullying is shown in the story. Third, focus on the impacts obtained by the characters in the story. In the previous study, the researcher used the same approach which was psychological approach. In previous study,

Krispradipta (2013) used Ken Rigby's (1996) theory to define the bullying.

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2.2 The Finding and Discussions

After obtaining a reference from previous research, the researcher can analyze the social bullying that occurred in Gulliver's novel travels and also the impact received by the main characters in the novel. In Gulliver's Travels novel part two there are seven bullyings actions that make Gulliver feel uncomfortable and affect his mental.

2.2.1 Finding

The researcher presented the finding in a form of tables. The tables presented the information about the forms of bullying happened in the novel. The reseacher presented the findings of the study in a form of tables. There were some information about the type of bullying as well as the chapter and pages where the researcher found them. The table is presented as follows :

Type of Chapter Page Bullying Case

Bullying

Physical One 108 “Quickly the baby squeezes Gulliver and puts

Bullying his head in its mouth.”

Physical One 107 “the farmer's son picks him up by one leg and

Bullying dangles him in the air.”

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Physical Two “Gulliver does ten shows a day, which makes 115 Bullying him quite tired.”

Physical Two 113 “The ladies at court treat Gulliver like a toy,

Bullying dressing and undressing him and undressing

themselves in front of him.”

Non- Two 115 “ the farmer begins to realize that there is

Physical profit to be made and takes Gulliver to the

Bullying marketplace, where he performs shows for

paying patrons.”

Non- Three 132 “Gulliver finds an enemy in the queen's dwarf,

Physical who seems to be jealous of all the attention

Bullying Gulliver is getting.”

Physical Eight 176 “He is basically being treated as a pet.”

Bullying

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2.2.2 Discussion

In this study the researcher discusses the bullying that occurs in the novel and its impact on the main character. In the second part of Gulliver's travel novel tells about the journey of the main character named Lemuel Gulliver to the land of giants or called Brobdingnag. Gulliver made a long journey and was stranded on an island inhabited by giants. That was where the beginning of the story of how

Gulliver received treatment that did not make him comfortable. In the second part of Gulliver's travel novel tells about a trip to the land of giants, it was written how the main character gets the difficult and very dangerous treatment of his life.

In chapter one there is a quote "Quickly the baby squeezes Gulliver and puts his head in its mouth"(p. 108). The sentence quotation shows how Gulliver experienced physical bullying. Gulliver who has smaller body was considered a food for a giant baby who at that time almost ate Gulliver. Gulliver could only cry until the baby let Gulliver out of his hand. Gulliver realized that his small size was not able to fight the giant baby. The researcher found an indication of the occurrence of cases of bullying in the above sentence. From the sentence above, it was written that Gulliver was squeezed by a giant baby and will be put into his mouth. The mental impact obtained by Gulliver was that he felt fright and worry when he was eaten by a giant baby and at the same time Gulliver could not do anything to save himself. Gulliver could still try to stay calm even though he had to cry to get rid of a giant baby who wanted to eat him. From the data presented

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above, the researcher elaborated the case of physical bullying experienced by the main character of the novel.

In addition, in chapter one also it is written that "the farmer's son picks him up by one leg and dangles him in the air"(p. 107). The researcher found another evidence of bullying behavior on chapter one. The sentence quotation illustrates how Gulliver acquired bullying because of his small size and was considered strange to others. Gulliver was picked up on his feet and served as a toy because of his small body shape and it was a burden to Gulliver. Gulliver underwent physical bullying in which he was used as a toy by being lifted into the air by one leg. Gulliver's small body made him helpless and could only surrender.

Gulliver was afraid but he could not do much. After being treated like that

Gulliver could still be patient and forgive for the bullying he was receiving.

In chapter two there is a quote "Gulliver does ten shows a day, which makes him quite tired"(p. 115). In the quote, it was written how Gulliver felt tired because he was used as a show object. Gulliver was helpless when he was made a show because Gulliver had to do what the giant wanted. Gulliver was made to be a slave to take advantage of the show he was performing. Although Gulliver was made as a slave and he was tired, Gulliver could not do much. He felt depressed and could only obey what his master ordered. The above quotation is one example of the form of bullying because it is written that Gulliver must perform many shows to make money. Gulliver was tired but he could not resist the giant's wishes. The mental impact generated by the main character is that he was very

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tired but Gulliver was unable to do much because he was considered as a small creature that was helpless and had to obey all the wishes of the giant. The researcher found examples of physical bullying case from the quoted sentence. In the quote, it is shown that Gulliver felt tired and depressed and it affects Gulliver's mentality.

In addition, in chapter two, it is written that “The ladies at court treat

Gulliver like a toy, dressing and undressing him and undressing themselves in front of him”(p. 113). Gulliver felt uncomfortable and was forced to obey what his master wanted. From the above quote, it is written that Gulliver was in an uncomfortable situation because he was treated like a toy. It is shown that bullying can occur due to body size. Bullying factor will assume that the bullying victim is helpless because of his much smaller body size. Bullying can occur because the victim is much weaker or smaller than the bullying offender. Gulliver became a victim of bullying in which he was used as a toy and made himself even more helpless. In the excerpt of the novel, Gulliver is described as the one undergoing many difficult experiences. He got a lot of pressure because of his small size. Gulliver tried to stay calm and endure an uncomfortable feeling because Gulliver feels that he can not resist.

The researcher found evidence of bullying behavior on chapter two, “ the farmer begins to realize that there is profit to be made and takes Gulliver to the marketplace, where he performs shows for paying patrons”(p. 115). Gulliver felt sad because he was used as a tool for profit only. Gulliver's small body size compared to the Brobdingnag population made himself unique and strange. This

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made Gulliver exploited as a show to earn money. Gulliver can only surrender and be forced to do what his master wants. He felt depressed and sad because he felt unable to do anything. Bullying is usually done because of the desire to control the victim by forcing or because of the attraction that can provide benefits for the bullying offender. From the quote above, the researcher found that Gulliver was received the treatment in a non-physical bullying category. The Mental Impact on

Lemuel Gulliver is a deep depression and it is caused by worry because he can only be patient to stay. We can imagine how Lemuel Gulliver felt uncomfortable when he was taken to a crowded place and there he was used as a tool to attract attention.

In chapter three there is a quote “Gulliver finds an enemy in the queen's dwarf, who seems to be jealous of all the attention Gulliver is getting”(p. 132).

From the sentence quote, Gulliver suffered bullying because the Queen was envious of the attention given to Gulliver. The feeling of jealousy that arose in the queen's dwarf became one of the factors that caused his to dislike the existence of

Gulliver. Gulliver who realized that he have an enemy, tried to get away from

Brobdingnag because he felt threatened. The purpose of a person doing bullying is because they want to make the victim feel depressed and drop them mentally.

Gulliver experienced bullyings that made him feel uncomfortable and it made him feel uncomfortable to stay in the Giant country. His small body size makes him considered one of the most unique and strange creatures. When Gulliver gets the treatment that made him uncomfortable, Gulliver ought be patient and bear the burden of mind and kept trying to find a way out. But when he began to get

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attention because of the intelligence he have, there is someone who felt jealous because of the attention he earned. The mental impact received by Gulliver is that

Gulliver felt uncomfortable and wanted to get out of the situation that locked him up so far. Gulliver felt uncomfortable to be in Brobdingnag because he had been treated like an animal and that made him sick and sad.

In chapter eight there is a quote “He is basically being treated as a pet”(p. 176). The researcher found that the above sentence as one example of physical bullying. Gulliver was treated like a pet and it made him very uncomfortable and tried to get away from Brobdingnag. Gulliver found the bullying experienced that have an impact on his mentality. Gulliver could still endure the fear and anger over the bullying that he received at Brobdingnag.

However, over time Gulliver was tired and tried to get away from Brobdingnag.

The researcher categorizes the above quotation as a bullying example because

Gulliver is human, whereas in the quotation it is written that Gulliver was treated like an animal. The mental impact that Gulliver received was an inner pressure because Gulliver could not defend himself.

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CHAPTER III CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter contains the conclusion of the findings and also draws conclusions from the results of the discussions that have been written as well as displays some recommendation for the readers so as to benefit from this research.

3.1 Conclusion

The conclusion of this research is Lemuel Gulliver as the main character in

Gulliver's Travels novel experienced the bullyings while he was traveling and stranded on an island inhabited by giants. In this study, the researcher found two types of bullying that occurred in the main character. The first type is physical bullying. Physical bullying experienced by the main character in the novel is shown in chapter one, chapter two, and chapter eight. The second bullying type is non-physical bullying. Non-physical bullying is written in chapter two and chapter three.

In chapter one, there are two cases of physical bullying against the main character. The main character wanted to be used as food by a giant baby and then the main character was lifted into the air by a giant child. The mental impact that occured on the main character are fear and depression. In chapter two, there are three cases of bullying against the main character. The main character was forced to perform in a public place for ten days which made him very tired. In addition, the main character was made as a toy by a giant daughter and then the main

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character was taken around to the shopping place to serve as a showing tool. The mental impact experienced by the main character is the inner pressure because he can only be silent and obey all the wishes of the giant who became his master. In chapter three, there is one case of bullying. The main character is regarded as an enemy by the daughter of a giant kingdom who felt jealous because of the treatment received by the main character while in the kingdom. The mental impact experienced by the main character are the inner pressure and also the fear. In chapter eight, there is one case of bullying against the main character. The main character was experienced physical bullying because he was treated as a pet. The mental impact experienced by the main character are the inner pressure and feelings of anger towards the treatment that he received.

The researcher concludes that Lemuel Gulliver as the main character depressed and scared because he received some unpleasant treatment while in

Brobdingnang. Many of the experiences he had while he was there were mainly experiences that made him feel uncomfortable and depressed because he can not do much to free himself from people around him. At first Gulliver was able to control his feelings for himself to survive in Brobdingnag. Then, Gulliver felt that he was depressed because he was treated unworthily. Gulliver was treated bad while in Brobdingnag where he experienced seven bullying cases by the giant residents of Brobdingnang. Gulliver felt depressed and terrified during his stay at

Brobdingnag and it was evident that Gulliver had been subjected to the inner stress of the treatment that he had received in Brobdingnag. Bullyings obtained by

Gulliver while in Brobdingnag result in his mental. This is evidence when

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Gulliver experienced a bullying case, he was powerless and could not do much that made him only afraid and depressed.

Basically bullying can happen anytime and anywhere depending on the environment itself. This novel told how Gulliver as the main character ought struggle to survive somewhere with an environment that can endanger his life.

Bullying is one form of behavior that can make its victims get mental disorders and also pressure, just as with Gulliver who feels fear and depression after experiencing bullying during his stay at Brobdingnag. It was also explained how

Gulliver had to fight hard to find a way from Bobdingnang and to try to escape the pressure he was been received. The bullying cases that occur in the novel prove how Gulliver tries to get out of Brobdingnang because he did not felt treated properly. Basically bullying is an action that was considered reasonable by a person or a group to make others feel uncomfortable. The researcher concluded that the bullyings cases that was received by the main character makes him feel under pressure and depression to be at Brobdingnag.

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3.2 Recommendation

Based on the conclusion above, the researcher gives some recommendations for the readers. Those are:

1. Learning about the behavior of bullying is very important to serve as one

of the object of research because there are still few people who know

about the impact of bullying.

2. The students of Sanata Dharma are expected to understand the impact of

bullying.

3. The students of Sanata Dharma are recommended to use Gulliver's Travels

novel as material for further research studies.

4. The students of Sanata Dharma are recommended to learn to know the

kinds of bullying and the resulting impact.

5. The students and also ELESP lecturers need to understand that bullying is

one form of social aberrations that can damage the character.

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REFERENCES

Coloroso, Barbara. 2007. Stop Bullying. Jakarta : Sumber Ilmu Pustaka.

Davison, G. C., Neale, J. M. Dan Kring, A. M. 2006. Psikologi Abnormal (9th ed.). Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada. Feist, Jess. dan Feist, Gregory J. 2008. Theories of Personality. Edisi Keenam

(Terjemahan oleh Handriatno). Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.

Harjana, Andre. 1991. Kritik Sastra, Sebuah pengantar. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Krispradipta, Artantya. 2013. Thesis. The Impacts of Social Bullying As Seen Through Elsie Edwards in Barthe Declements’ Nothing’s Fair in Fifth Grade. Yogyakarta: Universitas Sanata Dharma. Lubis, N. L., 2009. Depresi dan Tinjauan Psikologis. Jakarta: Prenada Media Group. Luxemburg.dkk.1989. Tentang Sastra. Jakarta: Internusa. Mayer, Richard. 1981. The Promise of Cognitive Psychology. America: University Press of America. 1990. p. 13 Mellor, Andrew, 2007. Sebuah Pendekatan Sistematik terhadap Pengembangan kebijakan Anti-Bullying yang Efektif di lingkungan Sekolah.

Olweus. 1993. Bullying At School. Australia: Blackwell Publishing.

Rigby, Ken. 1996. Bullying in schools – and what to do about it. Melbourne, ACER.

Sarjidu. 2004. Penelitian Sastra. Yogyakarta: Gunung Mas.

Swift, Jonathan. 1726. Gulliver’s Travels. Ireland. As retrieved from https://www.planetebook.com/free-ebooks/gullivers-travels.pdf on 23rd March.

Wellek & Warren. 1995. Teori Kesusastraan. Jakarta : Gramedia. Wellek, R. & Austi Warren. 1962. Theory of Literature. New York: A Harvest Book.

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APPENDIX

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APPENDIX https://www.planetebook.com/free-ebooks/gullivers-travels.pdf

Synopsis of Gulliver’s Travels Novel by Jonathan Swift Part II : A Voyage to

Brobdingnag

Chapter I

"A great Storm described, the long Boat sent to fetch Water, the Author goes with it to discover the Country. He is left on Shoar, is seized by one of the Natives, and carry'd to a Farmer's House. His Reception there, with several Accidents that happen'd there. A Description of the Inhabitants."

On June 20, 1702, ten months after his return from Lilliput and Blefuscu,

Gulliver returns to the sea in a ship named Adventure. The journey begins very smoothly, the only delay being caused by an illness contracted by the captain.

They continue on their journey for several months until a storm begins to brew, pushing the Adventure several miles off track. On June 16, 1703, the crew sees land and drops anchor, at which point the captain sends a dozen men on shore to fetch water. Gulliver wanders away from the other men to observe the countryside until he sees them in the boat hurrying back to the ship. He tries to call out to them, but he sees that they are being chased by a giant-though the giant is not able to catch the boat. Gulliver runs as fast as he can into the island.

Gulliver finds that much of the island is well cultivated, but to his surprise, when he comes across a hayfield, he realizes that the grass is more than twenty feet tall. Similarly, corn is at least forty feet high. Gulliver sees another giant, this

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time well-dressed, walking along the path he is on. He notes that each of the giant's strides is about ten yards long. The well-dressed giant is joined by seven workers, whom he instructs to begin reaping the corn (though Gulliver cannot understand the language).

Exhausted and filled with despair, Gulliver lies down and hopes that he will die. He writes, "I bemoaned my desolate Widow, and Fatherless Children."

He begins to think back on the Lilliputianswho thought that he was such a powerful and strong creature, saying that he now feels as a single Lilliputian would feel among humans. "Undoubtably," he muses, "Philosophers are in the right when they tell us, that nothing is great or little otherwise than by

Comparison."

When he is about to be stepped on by one of the farmers, Gulliver cries out as loudly as he can. The giant stops short and picks up Gulliver to get a better look. Gulliver resists struggling in order to avoid being dropped sixty feet to the ground and instead brings his hands to a prayer position and points his eyes skyward. The giant seems pleased with Gulliver and, putting him in his pocket, heads over to show his master.

The master takes Gulliver home to show his wife, who screams at first, but when she sees how polite Gulliver is, she quickly warms up to him. Gulliver and the farmer try to speak to each other but are unsuccessful. At dinnertime, Gulliver sees that the full family consists of the parents, three children, and an elderly grandmother. The farmer's wife breaks up some bread and a small piece of meat

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and hands them to Gulliver, who gets out his knife and fork and proceeds to eat, thoroughly delighting the whole family. Later, as Gulliver walks across the table toward the farmer (whom he now calls his master), the farmer's son picks him up by one leg and dangles him in the air until the farmer grabs him back and boxes the boy's ear. Gulliver, not wanting to make an enemy in his new home, signals that he would like the boy to be pardoned, which he is.

At this point an infant is brought into the room, who at the sight of

Gulliver cries to get him into its hand-with which the mother obliges. Quickly the baby squeezes Gulliver and puts his head in its mouth, at which Gulliver cries out until the baby drops him, luckily into the mother's apron. The baby cannot be quieted until the nurse nurses it. The sight of the woman's breast is repulsive to

Gulliver. It is so large in his view that he can see all of its defects.

After dinner Gulliver signals that he is tired. The farmer's wife sets him on her bed and covers him with a handkerchief, where he sleeps until two rats the size of large dogs startle him. Gulliver fights them with his hanger (a short sword), killing one and scaring the other away.Afterwards Gulliver signals that he needs time alone in the garden to relieve himself. He asks the reader to excuse him for dwelling on particulars.

Chapter II

"A Description of the Farmer's Daughter. The Author carried to a Market-Town, and then to the Metropolis. The Particulars of his Journey."

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Gulliver is given into the care of the farmer's daughter, Glumdalclitch, who teaches him the language and treats him very well, like a child would care for a favorite doll. In fact, she keeps him in a doll's cradle, which she closes inside a drawer at night to keep him safe from the rats.As word of Gulliver spreads throughout the kingdom, the farmer begins to realize that there is profit to be made and takes Gulliver to the marketplace, where he performs shows for paying patrons. The show is so successful that the farmer decides to take Gulliver on a tour of the kingdom. Gulliver does ten shows a day, which makes him quite tired.

Chapter III

"The Author sent for to Court. The Queen buys him of his Master the Farmer, and presents him to the King. He disputes with his Majesty's great Scholars. An

Apartment at Court provided for the Author. He is in high Favour with the Queen.

He stands up for the Honour of his own Country. His Quarrels with the Queen's

Dwarf."

Having heard about the wondrous little creature that is making his way around the kingdom, the queen sends for him and his master to come to court.

Gulliver immediately impresses the queen with his compliments and general manner, so she asks the farmer if he would be willing to sell Gulliver. The farmer, believing that Gulliver will die in about a month because he has lost so much weight from performing, quickly names a price. Gulliver is happy to live at court and be done with performing. He asks only that Glumdalclitch stay as well to continue taking care of him.

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Afterward the queen carries Gulliver to the king's chamber. The king at first believes that Gulliver is some sort of mechanical creature, but he eventually believes that Gulliver is just helpless. Gulliver tries to explain that where he is from, everything is proportionate to him.The queen has a small apartment built and new fine clothes tailored for Gulliver. She enjoys his company very much.

Gulliver often comments that watching the Brobdingnag people eat or getting too close to their faces is quite repulsive.

Gulliver and the king spend a great deal of time discussing politics.

Gulliver explains how things work where he is from. The king laughs at English politics, which puts Gulliver off at first. Soon, however, Gulliver realizes that his adventures have begun to sway him to the same opinion; his perspective has begun to change.Gulliver finds an enemy in the queen's dwarf, who seems to be jealous of all the attention Gulliver is getting.

Chapter IV

"The Country described. A Proposal for correcting modern Maps. The King's

Palace, and some Account of the Metropolis. The Author's way of travelling. The chief Temple described."

Gulliver spends a great deal of time describing the landscape of

Brobdingnag, the palace that he now lives in and his manner of traveling in a small traveling box designed especially for him. He also sees and describes the largest temple in Brobdingnag, which he does not find impressive in its size.

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Chapter V

"Several Adventures that happened to the Author. The Execution of a Criminal.

The Author shews his Skill in Navigation."

Serving in Brobdingnag proves difficult for Gulliver. He experiences a series of dangers because of his small size-and because the dwarf relishes in making Gulliver's life difficult. The ladies at court treat Gulliver like a toy, dressing and undressing him and undressing themselves in front of him. Gulliver again mentions how offensive he finds the skin and smell of the Brobdingnagians.

He remembers the Lilliputians' similar reaction to his smell, which he did not understand at the time. Gulliver nearly drowns when a toad jumps onto the boat the queen has had made for him. He is also carried to the top of the palace by a monkey and narrowly survives. The monkey is killed, and it is declared that monkeys will no longer be allowed in the palace.

Chapter VI

"Several Contrivances of the Author to please the King and Queen. He shews his

Skill in Musick. The King enquires into the State of Europe, which the Author relates to him. The King's Observations thereon."

Gulliver salvages several of the king's hairs from his shaving cream and makes himself a comb. He then makes the seat of a chair from the queen's hair but refuses to sit on it because doing so would be insulting to her. He also makes

Glumdalclitch a small purse.

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Gulliver spends the evening at a concert in Brobdingnag. For him the music is so loud that he cannot enjoy it unless his traveling box is brought as far away as possible and all of the windows and doors are closed.

Gulliver often goes to see the king, who requests a detailed description of the government of England, which Gulliver relates. The king asks him many questions, challenging various aspects of the government and having particular difficulty with England's violent past. In the end the king concludes that the

English are well below the Brobdingnagians, calling them "the most pernicious

Race of Little odious Vermin that Nature ever suffered to crawl upon the Surface of the Earth."

Chapter VII

"The Author's Love of his Country. He makes a Proposal of much Advantage to the King, which is rejected. The King's great Ignorance in Politicks. The Learning of that Country very imperfect and confined. Their Laws, and military Affairs, and Parties in the State."

Gulliver is offended by the manner in which the king has dismissed the

English as a lowly society. He tries to impress the king by telling him about some of the many great inventions of England, beginning with gunpowder. Gulliver goes into great detail about the power and effect of gunpowder and what the king could accomplish with it, saying that he could easily control everyone in

Brobdingnag with gunpowder. The king is "struck with Horror" and disgusted by

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Gulliver's proposals. He tells Gulliver that if he values his life, he should never mention gunpowder again. Gulliver cannot believe that the king would reject such an immense opportunity. Gulliver then discusses the general ignorance of the

Brobdingnag people, including their simple laws and practices.

Chapter VIII

"The King and Queen make a Progress to the Frontiers. The Author attends them.

The manner in which he leaves the Country very particularly related. He returns to

England."

Gulliver has been in Brobdingnag for two years and strongly feels that it is time to leave. He is basically being treated as a pet. But the royal family does not want to part with him. Coincidentally, on a trip to the seashore, a giant eagle picks up

Gulliver's traveling box and flies off with him. Realizing that the box is not edible, the eagle drops it into the sea. After some time the box is picked up by a passing ship of Gulliver's normal proportions. Gulliver finds it very difficult to adjust to the size of things back in England. He feels much larger than the others.