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Janata Bank Journal of Money, Finance and Development Janata Bank Journal of Money, Finance and Development seeks to provide a forum for advancement and dissemination of knowledge of national, regional and international interest in the field of money, finance and development. Editor Shaikh Md. Wahid-uz-Zaman Managing Editor Md. Ahsan Ullah Editorial Committee Toufic Ahmed Choudhury Md. Akhtaruzzaman Md. Mofazzal Husain Mohammad Abul Kashem Md. Abdus Salam Md. Abdus Salam Azad Mohammad Helal Uddin Md. Foroz Ali Advisory Board Nurul Islam Wahiduddin Mahmud Mirza Azizul Islam Akbar Ali Khan Mohammed Farashuddin Salehuddin Ahmed Qazi Kholiquzzaman Ahmad Muinul Islam Ashraf Uddin Choudhury Mustafa K Mujeri 0Editorial Staff M H M Jahangir Khalilur Rahman G M Abu Khalid Mainul Hasan Kallyan Kumar Dilip Disclaimer The Publisher, the Research, Planning and Statistics Department, Janata Bank Limited and Editors cannot be held responsible for errors or any consequences arising from the use of information printed in this journal. The views and opinions expressed do not necessarily reflect those of the Publisher and Editors. Direct manuscripts, comments on articles, and correspondence to: Managing Editor, Janata Bank Journal of Money, Finance and Development Research, Planning and Statistics Department Janata Bank Limited, Head Office, 48, Motihjeel Commercial Area, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh Phone: 88- 02-47120176, Email: [email protected] Electronic submissions are encouraged and should be sent to [email protected] This journal is printed on acid-free paper. Volumes are available in CD from Research, Planning and Statistics Department, Janata Bank Limited, Head Office, 48, Motihjeel Commercial Area, Dhaka 1000. The full contents of volumes are available through Janata Bank website www.jb.com.bd Janata Bank Journal of Money, Finance and Development (ISSN 2409-3998) is published half yearly from Research, Planning and Statistics Department on behalf of Janata Bank Limited, Head Office, 48, Motihjeel Commercial Area, Dhaka 1000. The present issue of the Journal is printed at Natundhara Printing Press, 277/3, Elephant Road, Dhaka-1205 in November 2017. The postal address of the Journal is Research Planning and Statistics Department, Janata Bank Limited, Head Office, 48, Motihjeel Commercial Area, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. © Copyright 2014 The Research Planning and Statistics Department, Janata Bank Limited. All rights reserved. Excepting the purposes of research or private study or criticism or review, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior permission in writing from the copyright holder. Authorization to photocopy items for internal and personal use is granted by the copyright holder for libraries and other users according to copyright law after the appropriate fee is paid directly to Janata Bank Limited. This consent is not extended to other kinds of copying, such as copying for general distribution, for advertising or promotional purposes, for creating new collective works, or for resale. Institutions having paid subscription to this journal may make photocopies for teaching purposes free of charge provided such copies are not resold. Special requests should be addressed to: [email protected] or [email protected]. Abbreviated key title of the Journal is ‘Janata bank j. money, fin. dev.’ Which is provided by ISSN International Centre. Janata Bank Journal of Money, Finance and Development is issued twice a year – in June and in December. Annual subscription rates of the journal Annual Subscription Printed copy Bangladesh BDT 400.00 Rest of the world USD 20.00 The price of the journal per issue is BDT 200.00 for Bangladesh and USD 10.00 for abroad. Prices are exclusive of tax. VAT is applicable at the appropriate rates of subscribing countries. For other pricing options, including access to information and terms and conditions, please visit www.jb.com.bd. Delivery Terms The overseas recipients will pay any import duty or taxes applicable. We take steps to meet claims for missing or damaged copies, if any. Journal Customer Service For information regarding any query or claims relating to servicing of the journal, please refer to email: [email protected]. Tel: (88 02) 47120176. Complimentary Subscription Complimentary Subscriptions may be made available to some professional individuals and institutions in Bangladesh and other developing countries. Written request is necessary for such subscription stating the nature of professional engagement in money, finance, banking, economics or other development issues. The journal is available at www.jb.com.bd. Editorial Note On the advent of publishing the third issue of Janata Bank Journal of Money, finance and Development, we feel much delighted to see that a number of creative, and thought-provoking papers have been included in this issue. We comprehend some of the articles written by the prophetic academicians and young thinkers definitely have merits to attract our attention. Considering the merit, we have selected sixteen from a basket of articles for this issue and we feel much encouraged regarding this effort. We hope, widening our horizon of knowledge will make the journal acquainted across the national level and attract more illuminating papers from academicians, development thinkers, researchers and professionals around the world in near future. We gratefully thank to the Advisory Board and Editorial Committee of the journal and also all the contributors and personnel involved with its management and publication. Finally, we thank Janata Bank Limited for its noble endeavour in publishing such research-based journal which will enlighten us and reshape our thoughts. Shaikh Md. Wahid-uz-Zaman Editor, Janata Bank Journal of Money, finance and Development, and Chairman, Board of Directors, Janata Bank Limited. ISSN 2409-3998 JANATA BANK JOURNAL OF MONEY, FINANCE AND DEVELOPMENT VOL. 4 NO. 1 JUNE 2017 Contents CSR Initiatives in Banks and Sustainable Development: Bangladesh 1 Perspective Atiur Rahman Md. Habibur Rahman Worker’s Life and Wal-Mart’s Pocket Garments Global Chain: From 21 Savar to New York Anu Muhammad Diplomacy of Cooperation: Way out for Resolving Water Sharing 41 Issues Shaikh Md. Wahid-uz-Zaman Ancient Banking System and Mahasthan Inscription 49 Abul Kashem Modern Banking System: Perspective Bangladesh 63 Md. Abdus Salam Factors Affecting the Customers' Satisfaction of ATM Banking in 81 Bangladesh Md. Mahbubur Rahman Alam Regulation and Supervision Issues for the Sustainability of MFIs in 101 Bangladesh Md. Kabir Ahmed Md. Akhtaruzzaman Socio-Economic Development and Impact on Livelihood of the 139 Beneficiary and Learnings from the Management of RDRS Social Forestry Programmes Quazi Liaquat Ali Md. Giashuddin Miah Abul Khair Test of Wagner’s Law for the Bangladesh Economy 153 Laila Haseen Empowerment of Urban Women: A Case Study in Old Dhaka 173 Soma Bhattacharjee Mohammad Afshar Ali Anup Kumar Talukder Technical Stock Valuation of a Company: Bangladesh Perspective 193 Imam Abu Sayed Md. Waheduzzaman Sarder Md. Shamim Mondal Alok Roy Factors Affecting Consumer’s Choice of Website for e-Shopping 203 Tahmina Akter Assessment of Radiation of Mobile Base Stations as well as Its 215 Impact on Human Health and Environment in Dhaka City Shishir Reza Research Notes Foreign Direct Investment in Bangladesh: Issues and Challenges 227 Md. Alamgir Green or Ethical or Sustainable: Reality in the Banks of Bangladesh 243 Maksuda Hossain Labour Market Regulations and Formal Sector Employment: 255 A Review Raafi Zakaria Guidelines for Contributors 269 ISSN 2409-3998 JANATA BANK JOURNAL OF MONEY, FINANCE AND DEVELOPMENT VOL. 4 NO. 1 JUNE 2017 CSR Initiatives in Banks and Sustainable Development: Bangladesh Perspective Atiur Rahman Md. Habibur Rahman* Abstract Banks and other financial institutions in Bangladesh are maintaining generally benign and safe working environment. Community engagements of financial sector CSR programs focus both on one-off emergency humanitarian and disaster relief, and on continuing support of initiatives for the weaker and less fortunate population segments in healthcare, education and training. Besides these engagements involving sizable direct expenditure, CSR initiatives of banks include reaching out in financial inclusion campaigns to the under-served rural and urban population segments with financial services including financing for their productive farm and non-farm micro, small and medium sized enterprises. Their lending support for environment-friendly output practices in renewable energy, effluent treatment and adoption of energy efficient output processes etc. have also been growing rapidly. Banks have also embraced green banking with BB’s CSR guidance. They are weighing environmental risks while making financing decisions, and extending funding support for adoption of environment-friendly output processes and practices. Over the past few years, direct and indirect expenditure of banks on CSR initiatives have increased manifold. Keywords Corporate Social Responsibility, Financial Inclusion, Green Banking, Corporate Governance, Pro-poor Inclusive Growth, Sustainable Development. 1. Introduction Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has recently been in the center of attention of policymakers, researchers and academicians around the world due to its long-lasting impact on the well-beings of people, The authors are respectively former Governor, and General Manager of Bangladesh Bank, the central bank of
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