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Submission to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf

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Submission to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf SUBMISSION TO THE COMMISSION ON THE LIMITS OF THE CONTINENTAL SHELF PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 76, PARAGRAPH 8 OF THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON THE LAW OF THE SEA Republic of Trinidad and Tobago PART I: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Trinidad and Tobago Continental Shelf Submission Executive Summary TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................................................................1 2. TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO AS A STATE PARTY TO UNCLOS ............................................................................................3 3. TIMELINESS OF THE SUBMISSION....................................................................................................................................4 4. MEMBERS OF THE CLCS WHO PROVIDED ADVICE IN THE PREPARATION OF THE SUBMISSION ........................................4 5. FULL SUBMISSION ..........................................................................................................................................................5 6. STATE BODIES RESPONSIBLE FOR THE PREPARATION OF THE SUBMISSION ....................................................................5 7. EXTERNAL EXPERTS AND ORGANIZATIONS INVOLVED IN THE PREPARATION OF THE SUBMISSION................................5 8. RELEVANT BASELINES....................................................................................................................................................6 9. UNIQUE TREATY-BASED COMPETENCE OF THE CLCS.....................................................................................................8 10. PROVISIONS OF ARTICLE 76 INVOKED TO SUPPORT THE SUBMISSION.............................................................................9 11. SETTLED MARITIME BOUNDARIES.................................................................................................................................13 11.1 Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela........................................................................................................13 11.2 Barbados..............................................................................................................................................14 12. ABSENCE OF DISPUTES .................................................................................................................................................15 13. DESCRIPTION OF THE OUTER LIMIT OF THE CONTINENTAL SHELF .................................................................................18 14. APPLICATIONS OF CONSTRAINTS ..................................................................................................................................18 15. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIXED POINTS OF THE OUTER LIMIT OF THE TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO CONTINENTAL SHELF.........19 16. THE OUTER LIMIT OF THE TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO CONTINENTAL SHELF AND LIST OF COORDINATES..........................21 i Trinidad and Tobago Continental Shelf Submission Executive Summary List of Figures FIGURE 1: LOCATION MAP OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO........................................................................2 FIGURE 2: ARCHIPELAGIC BASEPOINTS AND BASELINES......................................................................7 FIGURE 3: OUTER LIMIT OF THE CONTINENTAL SHELF OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO...........................21 Table FIXED POINTS3 DEFINED BY COORDINATES OF LONGITUDE AND LATITUDE DELINEATING THE OUTER LIMIT OF THE CONTINENTAL SHELF FOR TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO.............................................................................24-27 ii Trinidad and Tobago Continental Shelf Submission Executive Summary 1. Introduction The Republic of Trinidad and Tobago presents to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS or Commission) this Submission containing information on the outer limits of the continental shelf extending beyond 200 M from the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured in accordance with Article 76 and Annex II, Article 4 of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS or Convention). The Republic of Trinidad and Tobago is an archipelagic State, the coastlines of which look onto the Atlantic Ocean to the east and south east, the Caribbean Sea to the north, the Gulf of Paria to the west and the Columbus Channel to the south. The two largest islands of the archipelago are Trinidad, located at its nearest point some 9 miles from the South American mainland and Tobago, situated 20 miles northeast of Trinidad near the southern end of the Caribbean Sea. The coastline of Trinidad abutting on the Atlantic Ocean faces in a generally easterly direction while the southern coast of Tobago and the north western tip of Trinidad generally look south east along the continental shelf off the South American continent. 1 Trinidad and Tobago Continental Shelf Submission Executive Summary Figure 1: Location map of Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago made an early contribution to the development of the law of the sea relating to the continental shelf when on 26 February, 1942 the United Kingdom (Trinidad) and Venezuela signed the historic Gulf of Paria Treaty that 2 Trinidad and Tobago Continental Shelf Submission Executive Summary delimited the submarine areas of the Gulf of Paria. This Treaty, to which Trinidad and Tobago succeeded on Independence in 1962, was the very first bilateral agreement ever signed by any two states regarding the delimitation of the seabed and subsoil beyond the territorial sea.1 This Submission establishes that the submerged prolongation of the Trinidad and Tobago landmass from its coastline to the outer edge of the continental margin extends beyond 200 M in the Atlantic Ocean. Hydrographic, geological and geophysical data and information acquired by Trinidad and Tobago have been supplemented with similar relevant material compiled from recognized international scientific investigations in order to determine the geomorphology and geological nature, structure and extent of the continental shelf beyond 200 M in the Atlantic Ocean off Trinidad and Tobago. The outer limits of the continental shelf beyond 200 M are delineated in accordance with the rules and methodologies described in the provisions of Article 76 of UNCLOS and take into account the Scientific and Technical Guidelines of the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS/11). 2. Trinidad and Tobago as a State Party to UNCLOS Trinidad and Tobago signed the UNCLOS on 10 December, 1982 in Montego Bay, Jamaica, when it was opened for signature at the close of the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea and ratified the Convention on 25 April, 1986. It enacted domestic legislation in 1986 to give effect to the Convention, including legislation incorporating those provisions in Part VI of the Convention dealing with the continental shelf, through the Continental Shelf 1 The Gulf of Paria Treaty was ratified on 22 September, 1942 and ceased to have effect on 23 July, 1991 upon entry into force of the Treaty signed on 18 April, 1990 between the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago and the Republic of Venezuela. 3 Trinidad and Tobago Continental Shelf Submission Executive Summary (Amendment) Act which was originally enacted to give effect to the 1958 Geneva Convention on the Continental Shelf. 3. Timeliness of the Submission Rule 45(a) of the Rules of Procedure of the Commission provides that: “Where a coastal State intends to establish the outer limits of its continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles from the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured, it shall submit particulars of such limits to the Commission along with supporting scientific and technical data as soon as possible, but in any case within ten years of the entry into force of the Convention for that State. In the case of a State Party for which the Convention entered into force before 13 May 1999, it is understood, in accordance with the ‘Decision regarding the date of commencement of the ten-year period for making submissions to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf set out in article 4 of Annex II to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea’ (SPLOS/72 of 29 May 2001), that the ten-year time period referred to in article 4 of Annex II to the Convention shall be taken to have commenced on 13 May 1999.” This deadline applies for those States for which the Convention entered into force prior to 13 May, 1999, including Trinidad and Tobago. Trinidad and Tobago makes this Submission to the Commission in order to establish the outer limits of its continental shelf beyond 200 M and in so doing to permit the Commission to carry out its treaty mandate to delineate where national jurisdiction ends and the jurisdiction of the International Seabed Authority begins. 4. Members of the CLCS who provided advice in the preparation of the submission Mr. Francis Charles, a member of the CLCS provided advice in the preparation of the present Submission. 4 Trinidad and Tobago Continental Shelf Submission Executive Summary 5. Full Submission Trinidad and Tobago makes a full submission of the outer limit of its continental shelf according to the terms set out in the Rules of Procedure and relevant documents.2 6. State Bodies Responsible for the Preparation of the Submission The preparation of this Submission was made possible through the efforts of the following institutions in Trinidad and Tobago: Ministry of Foreign Affairs Ministry of Energy and
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