DOCSLIB.ORG

Advanced Steering and Suspension Systems Damage Analysis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Advanced Steering and Suspension Systems Damage Analysis Advanced Steeringand Suspension Textbook SystemsDamage Analysis Version:16.1 ©2014Inter-IndustryConferenceOnAutoCollisionRepair DAM15-STMAN1-E Thispageisintentionallyleftblank. Textbook AdvancedSteeringandSuspensionSystemsDamageAnalysis Contents Introduction..............................................................................................................................7 ObligationsToTheCustomerAndLiability.......................................................................... 7 Module1-ElectronicallyControlledSystems........................................................................13 ElectronicallyControlledSystems....................................................................................... 13 ComputerControlledSystemBasics................................................................................... 15 ProblemSolvingSystemFailures........................................................................................ 18 ModuleWrap-Up............................................................................................................... 22 Module2-ElectronicallyControlledSteering........................................................................25 ElectronicallyControlledSteering.......................................................................................25 HydraulicVariableAssistSteering...................................................................................... 30 Electro-HydraulicPowerSteering........................................................................................34 ElectricAssistPowerSteering............................................................................................. 36 ElectricSteering.................................................................................................................. 40 ModuleWrap-Up............................................................................................................... 42 Module3-ElectronicallyControlledSuspension...................................................................45 TypesOfElectronicSuspensions........................................................................................ 45 AirShockAbsorberHeightControlSystems....................................................................... 48 Activity:SuspensionProblem..............................................................................................50 LoadLeveling/Self-LevelingSuspensionSystems...............................................................51 HydraulicHeightControlSystems......................................................................................54 ComputerControlledDampers...........................................................................................58 ComputerControlledStabilizerBars...................................................................................63 TirePressureMonitors........................................................................................................ 66 ModuleWrap-Up............................................................................................................... 70 TableofContents 3 Thispageisintentionallyleftblank. Introduction Thispageisintentionallyleftblank. Textbook Introduction ObligationsToTheCustomerAndLiability • fit. • finish. Throughoutthedamageanalysisand repairprocesstherepairerandinsurer must: • communicatewitheachother. • maintainconstantcommunication withthecustomer. • beinagreementwitheachother andthecustomeronhowrepairs willbeperformed. Thecollisionrepairindustryhasan • informthecustomerofany obligationtocorrectlyrepairthe changesintherepairplanfrom customer’svehicle.Collisionrepairsmust theoriginalrepairagreement,and beperformedusing: explainthechangesandwhythey havetobemade. • recommendedortested proceduresfromvehiclemakers, I-CAR,andotherresearchand testingorganizations. • qualityreplacementpartsand materials. • repairprocessesandpartsas writtenandagreeduponinthe repairorder.Ifitemsontherepair agreementarenotconsistent withtherepairorder,itcanbe consideredfraud. Performingpropercollisionrepairs Toreduceliability: requiresusingpartsandproceduresthat keepremainingwarrantiesintact. • makesurethatallrepairsare performedthoroughly,correctly Collisionrepairsmustrestore: andaslistedinthedamagereport. • followproperprocedures. • safety. • havedocumentationofrequired • structuralintegrity. repairswithdetailedrecord • durability. keepingavailableforcustomers. • performance. AdvancedSteeringandSuspensionSystemsDamageAnalysis 7 Textbook Introduction Techniciansareconsideredthe finish,durability,andperformat expertsandareexpectedtobe leastaswellastheoriginal. knowledgeableonhowtoperform • keepingthoroughrecords. aqualityrepair. Liabilityinsurancethatcoverstherepair facilitymaynotalwayscoveralldamages. Forexample: • thepolicymaynotcover faultyrepairs,leavingliability responsibilitycompletelyonthe facility. • ashopownermayfindthatrepair facilityliabilitycoveragemaynot coverthefullamountawardedin alawsuit.Theshopownerwould Keepingthoroughrecordsincludesmore havetopaythedifference. thanrecordingthedate,mileage,andpre- existingdamage.Recordkeepingalso includes: • makingsureallnotesarelegible. • verifyingtherepairsthatwere madeornotmade. • havingthecustomersigna waiverforrepairsthattheydo notwantperformed.Repairers mustdeterminetheirliabilityon notrepairingsafetysystemssuch Itisdifficulttoreducetheriskofliability asrestraintandanti-lockbrake exposure.Thepartthattherepairercan systems. controlisthechanceofbeingfoundat • keepingcomputerprintoutsor fault.Chancescanbeminimizedby: worksheetsonfileshowingwheel alignmentreadingsorvehicle • usingrecommendedortested dimensionsbeforeandafter proceduresfromthevehicle repairs. makers,ICAR,orotherresearch • keepingscantoolprintoutsand andtestingorganizations. recordsofcomputercodesfor • usingqualityreplacementparts airbag,anti-lockbrake,emission, andmaterialsthatrestorefit, andpowertraincontrolmodule (PCM)systems. AdvancedSteeringandSuspensionSystemsDamageAnalysis 8 Textbook Introduction • attachingtheOEMorothertested procedureprintouttothevehicle repairorder. • keepingreceiptsforallsublet workperformed. Referto"Video:TopicsOffLimits"inthe presentation.Thisvideoidentifiestopics thatshouldnotbebroughtupinclass. AdvancedSteeringandSuspensionSystemsDamageAnalysis 9 Thispageisintentionallyleftblank. Module1- Electronically ControlledSystems Thispageisintentionallyleftblank. Textbook Module1-ElectronicallyControlledSystems ElectronicallyControlledSystems Mercedes-BenzE-Class ThisMercedes-BenzE-ClassCoupeisequipped withbothelectronicallycontrolledsteeringand suspension. Referto"Video:LearningObjectives"in thepresentation. Electronicallycontrolledsteeringand suspensionsystemsare: Thelearningobjectivesforthismodule include: • computercontrolledmechanical systems.Theyareadjustable • explainingelectroniccircuit systemsthathavetheadjustments operation. controlledonacontinual • identifyingelectronicsystemparts. basisbytheelectroniccontrol • diagnosingproblemswith module(ECM)ofthesystem. electroniccircuits. Themechanicalpartsofthe • explainingbasicproblemsolving systemaresimilartothosefound stepsforelectronicallycontrolled inconventionalsteeringand systems. suspensionsystemsinregards totheirattachment,withthe exceptionofelectrical,air,and fluidlineconnections. • designedtoallowdifferent characteristicsforsteeringand suspensionfeelwithvarying drivingconditionssuchas vehiclespeedandroadsurface characteristics. AdvancedSteeringandSuspensionSystemsDamageAnalysis 13 Textbook Module1-ElectronicallyControlledSystems Moreinformationonthetypesof mechanicaldamagethatmayoccurto partsofelectronicallycontrolledsteering andsuspensionsystemscanbefoundin SuspensionSystems(STE02)andRackand PinionandParallelogramSteeringSystems (STE03). Physicaldamagecanaffectmanypartsofadvanced steeringandsuspensionsystems. Electronicorcomputercontrolledsteering andsuspensionsystemsonvehiclesthat havebeeninacollisionaresubjectto: • thesametypesofmechanical damageasconventionalsteering Inspectingforcollisiondamageincludeschecking andsuspensionsystems. connectorsforcracksorbreakage. Mechanicalparts,suchasshock absorbers,struts,steeringracks, Electricalandelectronicproblems andothersteeringandsuspension associatedwithcollisiondamageinclude parts,canbebentordamaged. damaged: Whenanalyzingdamageon collisiondamagedvehicles, • wiringandconnectors.This usetheadvantageofknowing includescutwiresanddamaged wherethedamagetothevehicle wiringinsulation,whichmay islocated.Acompletedamage causeelectricalshorts.Connectors inspectionmayrequiresome maybecrackedorsmashed, disassemblytohelplocateany creatinghighresistanceoropens. hiddendamagetoelectronically Wiresthathavebeenstretchedor controlledsteeringandsuspension pinchedbetweenotherpartsmay parts. havewirestrandsbrokeninside • physicaldamagetoelectricaland theinsulationwithnoapparent electronicpartsofthesystem. breakintheouterinsulation. Manyelectronicproblemson • orburnedfuses.Burnedfusesmay collisiondamagedvehiclescanbe beasymptomofanotherproblem, tracedtophysicallydamagedparts suchasdamagedwiringorshorted oftheelectricalcircuit. electricalparts. • relaysandsolenoids. • inputsensorsandloads. • orshortedcontrolmodules. AdvancedSteeringandSuspensionSystemsDamageAnalysis 14 Textbook Module1-ElectronicallyControlledSystems Electronicpartscanbenonfunctionalwith controlvalvesareexamplesof nosignsofphysicaldamage. loadsinelectronicsteeringand suspensionsystems. KPIImprovementTip Carefulinspectionincludesensuring Theinputandoutputcircuitsofthe thewatertightsealisintactandremains
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Self-Steering Axles
    THE SELF-STEERING AXLES R O A D R A N G E The costs for fuel and maintenance of vehicles are an increasing component of the running costs for a transport company. > Fuel economy. Fuel prices are influencing the costs of transport. Something can be done only by reducing consumption. The steering axle greatly improve the performance of trailers and semi-trailers, especially over mixed routes, the motor vehicle is less stressed, and reuces fuel consumption. > Lower expenses for the tires. Thanks to steering axles tyres have a longer life: a double benefit for the carriers who drive more kilometres with a set of tyres and have less downtime, because steering axles save the tyre wear. Even recycled tires can be used with increased safety. > Smoother and safer drive. The characteristics of the steering axle are useful especially when great manoeuvrability and flexibility are required - for example in local traffic and of distribution: precise manoeuvres, less damage from bumps, more safety and efficiency. The device for the wheels’ alignment and pneumatic latch are an useful aid for precision and safety also when reverse driving. > ADR range of steering axle. BM Series for capacities up to 7,5 tons BT Series for capacities up to 12 tons BW series for capacities up to 15 tons BX series for capacities up to 22 tons, specific special vehicles for yard or harbour. R O A D R A N G E SELF STEERING AXLES WITH 300 MM DRUM BRAKE TWIN TWIN SINGLE OVERALL AXLE MINIMUM WEIGHT TYPE CAPACITY BRAKE WHEEL CONNECTION WHEEL FACE WHEEL WHEEL WIDTH BEAM WHEEL
    [Show full text]
  • Extra Care Protection
    Extra Care Protection Powertrain Coverage Engine Front/Rear Wheel Drive Engine block and all internal components, cylinder heads, oil pan, engine Final drive housing and all internal parts, drive shafts, front hub, bearings, mounts, intake manifold, exhaust manifold, harmonic balancer, flywheel, starter, differential carrier assembly, axle carrier, axle case, axle bearing, rear axle hub air cleaner, timing belt and cover, accelerator rod and cable, vacuum pump, bearings, universal joints, propeller shafts, axle housing and all internal parts, expansion plugs, engine dipstick and tube, valve covers, camshaft cover, timing drive shaft centre supports, constant velocity joints and boots, axle shafts, front belt tensioner, water pump, fuel pump, fan and/or motor, fluid coupling, radiator, axle hub bearings. thermostat, oil cooler and steel lines, injection pump, timing gear and chain, engine control computer, oil pump. Four Wheel Drive Transfer case and all internal components, front/centre/rear differential Manual or Automatic Transmission/Transaxle assemblies and all internal components, front hub and spindle assembly Case and all internal parts, transmission mounts, transmission cooler and steel (including locking device). lines, oil pan, clutch cover, clutch master cylinder, clutch release cylinder, torque converter, dipstick and tube, kickdown linkage. Seals/Gaskets/Fluids/Filters All seals and gaskets used to contain fluid/lubricants within covered components, replacement of coolant, refrigerant, lubricants and filters when required as a result of a failure of a covered component. Comprehensive Coverage *New* Hybrid Components (For Hybrid Vehicles Only) High Tech Components Lexus hybrid owners can now enjoy added peace of mind with Extra Care All computers, actuators and sensors used in the following electronically Protection.
    [Show full text]
  • Instructions for M-Xxxx-Xxxx
    M-9602-M Spring and Stabilizer Bar Kit w/ MagneRide Calibration NO PART OF THIS DOCUMENT MAY BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT PRIOR AGREEMENT AND WRITTEN PERMISSION OF FORD PERFORMANCE PARTS Please visit www. performanceparts.ford.com for the most current instruction and warranty information. PLEASE READ ALL OF THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY PRIOR TO INSTALLATION. AT ANY TIME YOU DO NOT UNDERSTAND THE INSTRUCTIONS, PLEASE CALL THE FORD PERFORMANCE TECHLINE AT 1-800-367-3788 M-9602-M is designed for 2018+ Mustangs equipped with MagneRide and includes a unique MagneRide calibration that is loaded with the included Procal voucher and software. Please reference the instruction tab on the Procal and make sure you use version 3.9+ Kit Includes: Front Stabilizer Bar Front Springs Rear Stabilizer Bar Rear Springs MagneRide Tuning Calibration Front Stabilizer Bar Removal NOTICE: Suspension fasteners are critical parts that affect the performance of vital components and systems. Failure of these fasteners may result in major service expense. Use the same or equivalent parts if replacement is necessary. Do not use a replacement part of lesser quality or substitute design. Tighten fasteners as specified. 1. Remove all 4 wheels and tires and set aside. 2. On both sides. 1. NOTE: The stabilizer bar links are designed with low friction ball joints that have a low breakaway torque. NOTE: Use the hex-holding feature to prevent the ball stud from turning while removing the stabilizer bar link nut. Remove and the front stabilizer bar link lower nut. 2. Position aside the front stabilizer bar link. Factory Ford shop manuals are available from Helm Publications, 1-800-782-4356 Techline 1-800-367-3788 Page 1 of 41 IS-1850-0631 M-9602-M Spring and Stabilizer Bar Kit w/ MagneRide Calibration NO PART OF THIS DOCUMENT MAY BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT PRIOR AGREEMENT AND WRITTEN PERMISSION OF FORD PERFORMANCE PARTS 4.
    [Show full text]
  • You Auto Know New for 2018
    You Auto Know 2018 Mustang Key Mustang Messages Mustang is designed to appeal to current enthusiasts as well as a new generation of drivers. Impressive features include its sleek design, advanced technology and performance, with two powerful engines and features like MagneRide Damping System Two engines, including the 5.0L Ti-VCT V8 and a 2.3L EcoBoost An all-new 10-speed automatic transmission Available Active Valve Performance Exhaust provides throaty Mustang sound or more aggressive rumble with the flip of a switch Available 12-inch LCD digital instrument cluster for customizable performance Impressive array of standard and available advanced technology features, including: ‒ SYNC Connect powered by FordPass and Wi-Fi® hotspot ‒ Light-emitting diode (LED) headlamps and foglamps ‒ Pre-collision Assist with Pedestrian Detection Several packages allow owners to add unique style to their Mustang Key Mustang Features 5.0L Ti-VCT V8 and 2.3L EcoBoost engines Active Valve Performace Exhaust 12" LCD digital instrument cluster Selectable drive modes MagneRide Damping System Launch control Innovative driver-assist technologies GT and EcoBoost Performance Packages NOTE: For product features, please see Models & Packages and/or the Dealer Ordering Guide for availability. New for 2018 New for 2018 2018 Mustang Features Performance/Handling Revised 2.3L EcoBoost and more powerful 5.0L Ti-VCT V8 All-new dual fuel delivery system, combines port fuel and direct injection to the 5.0 Ti-VCT V8 All-new 10-speed SelectShift automatic transmission Active
    [Show full text]
  • Design, Analysis and Optimization of Anti-Roll Bar
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Directory of Open Access Journals Pravin Bharane et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 9( Version 4), September 2014, pp.137-140 RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS Design, Analysis and Optimization of Anti-Roll Bar Pravin Bharane*, Kshitijit Tanpure**, Amit Patil***, Ganesh Kerkal**** *,**,***,****( Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engg., Dnyanganga College of Engg. & Research, Pune) ABSTRACT Vehicle anti-roll bar is part of an automobile suspension system which limits body roll angle. This U-shaped metal bar connects opposite wheels together through short lever arms and is clamped to the vehicle chassis with rubber bushes. Its function is to reduce body roll while cornering, also while travelling on uneven road which enhances safety and comfort during driving. Design changes of anti-roll bars are quite common at various steps of vehicle production and a design analysis must be performed for each change. So Finite Element Analysis (FEA) can be effectively used in design analysis of anti-roll bars. The finite element analysis is performed by ANSYS. This paper includes pre-processing, analysis, post processing, and analyzing the FEA results by using APDL (Ansys Parametric Design Language). The effects of anti-roll bar design parameters on final anti-roll bar properties are also evaluated by performing sample analyses with the FEA program developed in this project. Keywords: FEA, Anti Roll Bar, APDL, Design Parameters. I. INTRODUCTION Anti-roll bar, also referred to as stabilizer or ensure directional control and stability with adequate sway bar, is a rod or tube, usually made of steel, that traction and braking capabilities [1].
    [Show full text]
  • 2017 Nissan Rogue
    2017 ROGUE OWNER’S MANUAL and MAINTENANCE INFORMATION For your safety, read carefully and keep in this vehicle. FOREWORD READ FIRST—THEN DRIVE SAFELY Welcome to the growing family of new NISSAN cautions and instructions concerning proper use Before driving your vehicle, please read this owners. This vehicle is delivered to you with of such accessories prior to operating the vehicle Owner’s Manual carefully. This will ensure famil- confidence. It was produced using the latest and/or accessory. It is recommended that you iarity with controls and maintenance require- techniques and strict quality control. visit a NISSAN dealer for details concerning the ments, assisting you in the safe operation of your particular accessories with which your vehicle is vehicle. This manual was prepared to help you under- equipped. stand the operation and maintenance of your WARNING vehicle so that you may enjoy many miles (kilome- ters) of driving pleasure. Please read through this IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION manual before operating your vehicle. REMINDERS! A separate Warranty Information Booklet Follow these important driving rules to explains details about the warranties cov- help ensure a safe and comfortable trip ering your vehicle. The “Maintenance and for you and your passengers! schedules” section of this manual explains ● NEVER drive under the influence of al- details about maintaining and servicing cohol or drugs. your vehicle. Additionally, a separate Cus- tomer Care/Lemon Law Booklet (U.S. only) ● ALWAYS observe posted speed limits will explain how to resolve any concerns and never drive too fast for conditions. you may have with your vehicle, and clarify ● ALWAYS give your full attention to driving your rights under your state’s lemon law.
    [Show full text]
  • Owner's Manual (2013 Hardtop / Clubman)
    Contents A - Z OWNER'S MANUAL MINI MINI CLUBMAN Online Edition for Part no. 01402917320 - © 10/12 BMW AG Cooper Congratulations on your new MINI Cooper S This Owner's Manual should be considered a permanent part of this vehicle. It should stay with the vehicle when sold to provide John Cooper the next owner with important operating, safety and mainte- Works nance information. We wish you an enjoyable driving experience. Online Edition for Part no. 01402917320 - © 10/12 BMW AG © 2012 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Munich, Germany Reprinting, including excerpts, only with the written consent of BMW AG, Munich. US English X/12, 11 12 500 Printed on environmentally friendly paper, bleached without chlorine, suitable for recycling. Online Edition for Part no. 01402917320 - © 10/12 BMW AG Contents The fastest way to find information on a particu- COMMUNICATIONS 155 lar topic or item is by using the index, refer to 156 Hands-free device Bluetooth page 252. 166 Mobile phone preparation Bluetooth 179 Office 187 MINI Connected 4 Notes 7 Reporting safety defects MOBILITY 191 192 Refueling AT A GLANCE 9 195 Wheels and tires 10 Cockpit 207 Engine compartment 16 Onboard computer 211 Maintenance 20 Letters and numbers 213 Care 21 Voice activation system 217 Replacing components CONTROLS 25 231 Giving and receiving assistance 26 Opening and closing REFERENCE 237 38 Adjustments 238 Technical data 44 Transporting children safely 245 Short commands for the voice activation 47 Driving system 57 Controls overview 252 Everything from A to Z 68 Technology for driving comfort and safety 81 Lamps 85 Climate 90 Practical interior accessories DRIVING TIPS 99 100 Things to remember when driving NAVIGATION 109 110 Navigation system 112 Destination entry 121 Route guidance 129 What to do if… ENTERTAINMENT 131 132 On/off and tone 135 Radio 143 CD player 145 External devices Online Edition for Part no.
    [Show full text]
  • A Novel Chassis Concept for Power Steering Systems Driven by Wheel Individual Torque at the Front Axle M
    25th Aachen Colloquium Automobile and Engine Technology 2016 1 A Novel Chassis Concept For Power Steering Systems Driven By Wheel Individual Torque At The Front Axle M. Sc. Philipp Kautzmann Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Vehicle System Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany M. Sc. Jürgen Römer Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG, Karlsruhe, Germany Dr.-Ing. Michael Frey Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Vehicle System Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany Dr.-Ing. Marcel Ph. Mayer Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG, Karlsruhe, Germany Summary The project "Intelligent Assisted Steering System with Optimum Energy Efficiency for Electric Vehicles (e²-Lenk)" focuses on a novel assisted steering concept for electric vehicles. We analysed different suspensions to use with this innovative power steering concept driven by wheel individual drive torque at the front axle. Our investigations show the potential even for conventional suspensions but reveal the limitations of standard chassis design. Optimized suspension parameters are needed to generate steering torque efficiently. Requirements arise from emergency braking, electronic stability control systems and the potential of the suspension for the use with our steering system. In lever arm design a trade-off between disturbing and utilizable forces occurs. We present a new design space for a novel chassis layout and discuss a first suspension design proposal with inboard motors, a small scrub radius and a big disturbance force lever arm. 1 Introduction Electric vehicles are a promising opportunity to reduce local greenhouse gas emissions in transport and increase overall energy efficiency, as electric drivetrain vehicles operate more efficiently compared to conventionally motorized vehicles. The internal combustion engine of common vehicles not only accelerates the vehicle, but also supplies energy to on-board auxiliary systems, such as power-assisted steering, which reduces the driver’s effort at the steering wheel.
    [Show full text]
  • Steeda S550 Mustang Magneride Dual Rate Ultimate Handling
    Steeda S550 Mustang MagneRide Dual Rate Ultimate Handling Lowering Springs Instructions for 555-8243 • A qualified technician should be used if you are not confident with removing and installing the vehicles front struts & springs. • A suspension coil spring compressor must be used to allow for replacement of the mount and/or coil spring. • Caution: Coil springs store a tremendous amount of energy. 1 Failure to properly remove and install the springs can lead to severe injury. • The vehicle will require an alignment following installation. • Refer to a service manual for fastener torque specifications and make sure to torque suspension components at curb. Front Spring Installation 1. Lift the car, by the chassis, on a vehicle lift or with a jack, and supported by jack stands, to work on the front suspension of the car. 2 2. Remove the front wheels. 3. Remove the ABS harness from the strut. 4. Disconnect the sway bar end link from the strut. 5. Remove the four bolts securing the brake caliper to the spindle and the spindle to the strut. See image 2. 6. Disconnect the MagneRide plug on the bottom of the strut. Remove 7. From under the hood, remove the 3 nuts securing the strut to the strut tower. The strut can now be removed. 8. Using a coil spring compressor, compress the front spring until there is no tension on the upper strut mount. Once the spring is safely secured, remove the nut holding down the upper strut mount. Then, separate the strut from the spring and the upper strut mount.
    [Show full text]
  • Dinan Engineering Anti-Roll Bar
    ADJUSTABLE ANTI-ROLL BAR INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS PART NUMBER D120-0520 DESCRIPTION: Front 32mm; 3-hole adjustable APPLICATION: 2008-13 M3 (E90, E92, & E93) 2011 1-M Coupe (E82) ___________________________________________________________ PARTS LIST Qty Part # Description 1 D122-0520 Anti-roll bar 1 D133-0520 Hardware kit ___________________________________________________________ Congratulations for being selective enough to use a Dinan Engineering anti-roll bar. We have spent many hours developing this anti-roll bar to assure that you will receive maximum performance and durability with minimum difficulty in installation. Please take the time to read these instructions and call us if you have any difficulties during the installation. ___________________________________________________________ NOTES: a) We highly recommend that you first read and fully understand these instructions before beginning the installation. b) Some mechanical skill is required to install this kit. If you feel that you do not have the requisite skill or tools, please arrange for a qualified repair facility to perform the installation. c) Do not work on vehicles supported by a jack only. Use secure jack stands! ___________________________________________________________ INS133-0520 Page 1 of 4 Rev. 3/26/14 1. Jack up the front of the vehicle and place jack stands securely under the vehicle. 2. Note the orientation of the stock anti-roll bar. The Dinan bar will be oriented the same way. 3. Remove the stock anti-roll bar, bushings, brackets, and end links per BMW recommended procedure. These items will not be reused. 4. Install Dinan anti-roll bar using the supplied bushings and brackets. Lubricate the bushings with urethane grease (or an equivalent high-pressure, waterproof, grease).
    [Show full text]
  • 2019 Jeep Renegade Owner's Manual
    2019 Renegade OWNER’S MANUAL VEHICLES SOLD IN CANADA This manual illustrates and describes the operation of With respect to any Vehicles Sold in Canada, the name features and equipment that are either standard or op- FCA US LLC shall be deemed to be deleted and the name tional on this vehicle. This manual may also include a FCA Canada Inc. used in substitution therefore. description of features and equipment that are no longer DRIVING AND ALCOHOL available or were not ordered on this vehicle. Please Drunken driving is one of the most frequent causes of disregard any features and equipment described in this accidents. manual that are not on this vehicle. Your driving ability can be seriously impaired with blood FCA US LLC reserves the right to make changes in design alcohol levels far below the legal minimum. If you are and specifications, and/or make additions to or improve- drinking, don’t drive. Ride with a designated non- ments to its products without imposing any obligation drinking driver, call a cab, a friend, or use public trans- upon itself to install them on products previously manu- portation. factured. WARNING! Driving after drinking can lead to an accident. Your perceptions are less sharp, your reflexes are slower, and your judgment is impaired when you have been drinking. Never drink and then drive. Copyright © 2018 FCA US LLC SECTION TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1 1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................3 2 2 GRAPHICAL TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................................7
    [Show full text]
  • FORMULA STEERING WHEEL User Manual
    FORMULA STEERING WHEEL User Manual Formula Steering Wheel User manual Release 1.02 To the owner of Formula Steering wheel The new Formula Steering Wheel belongs to the last generation of AIM dashes for car racings and provides the driver with an high technology steering wheel with an innovative design. With anodised chassis, ergonomically shaped, hand-woven suede covered the Formula Steering Wheel has a real “racing look”. Thanks to AIM ECT (Easy Connection Technology), the connection with AIM products and external expansion modules comes in a click. Formula Steering Wheel allows to monitor RPM, speed, engaged gear, lap (split) times and custom sensors. Formula Steering Wheel, moreover, is configurable with Race Studio 2 software, that can be freely downloaded from www.aim-sportline.com. www.aim-sportline.com 2 Formula Steering Wheel User manual Release 1.02 INDEX Chapter 1 – Characteristics and part number ........................................................ 4 1.1 – Part Number ............................................................................................................................... 4 Chapter 2 – How to connect Formula Steering wheel to EVO .............................. 5 2.1 – Connection with EVO3 Pro ....................................................................................................... 5 2.2 – Connection with EVO3 Pista/EVO4 .......................................................................................... 5 2.3 – Connection with other AIM peripherals ..................................................................................
    [Show full text]