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Notes on James Fifth's Towers, Holyrood Palace

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Notes on James Fifth's Towers, Holyrood Palace I. NOTES ON JAMES FIFTH'S TOWERS, HOLYROOD PALACE. BY JOHN SINCLAIR, F.S.A. SCOT. Wo may question if in the whole of Scotland there is one spot which is better know r morno e deeply impressed with tragic associations than e Holyrooth f Mar o dn countryme yow r Stuart t onlou t No o bu ynt . e Englisth o t h speaking nations becomha t i s ea pilgrimag f neveo e r failing interest e devoted eveth an ;n ni e from foreign nca lando wh s only mutter the words ' Marie Stuart' as he finds his way through the old Towers e samth , e keen sens f profouneo d interes s manifesti t e Th . regal pala^ Falklandf so , Linlithgow d Stirling'an , s towering stronghold have each their tale f strif so rold f birtho an le royad san l Stuart deaths, store th f Mart yo bu y Stuart' x yearssi s ' miserr father'he n yi s Towers of Holyroo mads dha indelibln ea e mar Scottisn ki h history. NOTES ON JAMES FIFTH'S TOWERS, HOLYKOOD PALACE. 225 Wha s beeha t n often designate s descriptiva d e treatmen f Jameo t s Fifth's Towert lefwithous u ye t s ha s t one thorough exposition, eithef ro their external elevation and varied changes, or of their curious and somewhat intricate interiors in which so many historic and tragic events have occurred. Even in the Proceedings of this Society there is a singu- lar paucity of that exact periodical tracing which we expect to find from the study of such a deeply interesting pile. We may except from this remark, however e lucith , d descriptio e ceilinth f f o nQueego n Mary's Audience Chamber by Henry Laing,1 which, strange to say, has never yet found its way out of the volume, not even into the pages of the official guide. It is hoped that an initiatory paper such as this may a furthe o t y r wa investigation leae th d t onlno , y dealing wite th h Tower s thea s y stand t wite unsolvebu ,th h d question whether they originated with James Fifth or his ill-fated father. James Fourth was married to Margaret Tudor in 1503 in the Abbey of Holyrood d ther s soman , ewa e royaa sor f o t l palace read receivo yt e her then. It appears that although Henry Seventh had long proposed the alliance,2 it was not till 1502 that the royal pair were formally affianced; partd an palace t leasta , th reads f o ,e wa 1503n yi describes a , glowinn di g term Johy b s n Younger, Somerset Herald. somewhaa f 3o s Thawa t t i t extensive nature there is clear and convincing proof. On his arrival, we are told, after Te Deum had been sung, "the King in a most loving manner conducte e churc th e Princes f dth o h t througou s cloistere hth s 1 Proceedings, . 381 p vol . ..ix 2 About 1495e Tytler'Se . s Scotland, . 261 p vol . .ii . Bymer's Ftedera, vol. xii. p. 572. Rymer, vol. xii . 765p . , givesdispensatioe date th th f e o marriug e th r nfo e Augush 5t t Tytler1500e Se . ,. 269 p vol . .ii . Wilson. 25 , . volp . i . 3 Historyd 124an f .o Holyrood, 5 2 Tha . tpp there were apartmentr fo s e Stuarth t king n Holyrooi s d long previou o thit ss beyoni s y doubts a an d r fo , earl 143s yQueea e 0th Jamef no s First g:ive birt twio ht nAbbeye sonth eldee n si th , r of whom died survivoe th , r being JameFiere th f yso Face. James Third mads hi t ei residence almost constantly ; then followed his son James Fourth, who appears to have much frequente e Abbeyth d d receivean , d ther e historith e c sword presentey b d Pope Julius II., which form Regalie s parth f Scotlanf o t ao d; bu t seemingld ha e yh become convinced that the offices of the Canons of St Augustine were not suitable, and hence arose the first royal palace to receive his bride. P VOL. XXXIV. 226 PROCEEDINGS Ol' THE SOCIETY, FEBRUARY 12, 1900. to her apartments in the adjoining palace. After a brief space the Princes brough s e Kingswa th y b te intGrea th o' t Hall,s ' wherwa e esh introduced to a great company of ladies,", etc.1 e Treasurer'th n I s Account f 1502-o s 3 mentio cone s madi nth -f eo struction of 'a new hall,' the construction of 'the gallery and boss windoes,' and the ' turatis of the for-yet,' which ' turatis' do not lead us to James Fifth' e gatewa se th entranc e th Towerso t th t a yt o t ebu , palace yard. The e havw n e not f 'tho e e Queen's great Chamber,f o ' '.the King's Oratory,' and of ' the Queen's Oratory'; but there is nothing to bring us nearer to the three Towers.2 In the Liber Gartarum Sanctce Crucis it is stated:—"After his treaty of marriage with King- Henry Seventh for the youthful Tudor, he set earnestly to work for the bigging of a palace beside the Abbey of the Holy Croce."3 After Flodden, John, Duk f Albanyo e recalles wa , d from Franced an , 151n i s 5residenc hi too p ku n Holyrooi e d continuean d e worth df ko James Fourth which had been carried on till his death.4 It should be here noted tha certaia t n Maister Log s mentioneyi earls da s 1504—ya 5 receiving payment for " aiding and topping the chimnais," and for "completin e 'toureth f g o n Halyrudhous"i ' firse f thesth o t n i e d an ; years a grant of £40 yearly is made to him for his diligence in the ' bigging palace th f o e' besid Abbee Hole eth th f yyo Croce.5 With the exception of the faint trace we have in Logy's payments for completing ' the toure,' there is little to guide us to a solution of the question—Were the Towers which are named after James Fifth in any 1 Accoun f Joho t n Younger, Somerset Herald. History f Holyrood,o . 27 . p Leland's Collectanea, . 289 p vol . .iv . - Treasurer's Accounts. History of Holyrood, p, 124. 3 Dr D. Wilson's Edinburgh, vol. i. p. 25. Liber, Preface 58. 4 Dr Wilson's Edinburgh, p. 48. Grant, vol. ii. p. 62. History of Holyrood, p. 125. 5 Grant, vol. ii. p. 60. History of Holyrood, p. 124. Treasurer's Accounts. l likelihooIal n d y havthima se gon n tilo el the arriva f Albano l n 1515i y . L)r Daniel Wilson says:—"There are numerous entries in Treasurer's Accounts which give evidence of the progress of tlie building in 1515-16." James Fifth was t thia s tim eCastlee iuth , under the tuitio Gavif no u Dunbar. NOTES ON .TAMES FIFTH'S TOWERS, HOLYEOOD PALACE. 227 shape par f Jameo t s Fourth's othee t palactheron Bu rs e i ereferenc 1 e worth f noticeo y n annalist,A . e 1e prefacLiberth th cite n o i t de Cartarum Sanctce Orucis, records tha t e Duk"th f Albaneo y committed Lore th d Houm e 'auln 151th i e o dt 5 toure f Holyrudhouso ' s which was foundee saith dy b Duke."d 2 Take n conjunctioi n n wite th h records of Maister Logy and the Duke of Albany as to the 'auld toure,' and looking to the fact of the jail being in the present Towers apparently constructe d fitte dr an suc dfo a hused havine appearanc th an , l al g f eo antiquity, there is some room for the belief of those who argue that the Towers were only remodelle extended dan Fifte th hy d b James . It will thus be seen that this corner of Holyrood has three claimants for the honour of its erection; and while there is not • much more than suppositio baco nt claie k Jameth r mfo s Fourth, ther stils ei case l lesth en si of the 'Ducke of Albany,' although there is a distinct historical assertion to the contrary. It may be, however, that the whole three took part in the 'bigging' of the Towers, beginning between 1501 and 1503 with James Fourth, carried on after his death by Albany, and finished or re- modelled by his son, after his translation from Stirling to Edinburgh in s twelfthi 152 n i 4hs wheyearwa e Albany'n nh o , s final s retirahi o t l native France. Diurnale th n I f Occurrentso s recordedi t i that James n 1524i , s wa , brought from Stirling to Holyrood at twelve years of age. Then in Pitscottie's Chronicle :—" In the spring of the year 1525 he founded a fair palace in the Abbey of Holyroodhouse and three great towers till rest into when he (James Fifth) pleased to come."3 Hawthornden (p. 23) Marjoreybank's Annals. Pitscottie, vol. ii. p. 296. 1 Thi moss i s t e perplexingverth ys i yea t whici n i rs a cam,e h e from France, 2 yearo tw ant s aftedbu deate th rf Jame o h t Floddena s s puzzlini t I .
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