ALTERAÇÕES NO PROTEOMA CAULINAR DE Eucalyptus Globulus E Eucalyptus Grandis EM RESPOSTA A

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ALTERAÇÕES NO PROTEOMA CAULINAR DE Eucalyptus Globulus E Eucalyptus Grandis EM RESPOSTA A UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA - UNESP CÂMPUS DE JABOTICABAL ALTERAÇÕES NO PROTEOMA CAULINAR DE Eucalyptus globulus e Eucalyptus grandis EM RESPOSTA A VARIAÇÕES DE TEMPERATURA Marília Gabriela de Santana Costa Engenheira Agrônoma 2017 UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA - UNESP CÂMPUS DE JABOTICABAL ALTERAÇÕES NO PROTEOMA CAULINAR DE Eucalyptus globulus e Eucalyptus grandis EM RESPOSTA A VARIAÇÕES DE TEMPERATURA Marília Gabriela de Santana Costa Orientador: Dr. Tiago Santana Balbuena Tese apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias – Unesp, Câmpus de Jaboticabal, como parte das exigências para a obtenção do título de Doutor em Agronomia (Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas). 2017 Costa, Marília Gabriela de Santana C837a Alterações no proteoma caulinar de Eucalyptus globulus e Eucalyptus grandis em resposta a variações de temperatura / Marília Gabriela de Santana Costa. – – Jaboticabal, 2017 xix, 89 p. : il. ; 29 cm Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2017 Orientador: Tiago Santana Balbuena Banca examinadora: Daniel Guariz Pinheiro, Rogério Falleiros Carvalho, Carlos Alberto Labate, Adriana Franco Paes Leme Bibliografia 1. Proteômica. 2. Estresse térmico. 3. Biomassa lignocelulósica. I. Título. II. Jaboticabal-Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias. CDU 631.52:582.776 Ficha catalográfica elaborada pela Seção Técnica de Aquisição e Tratamento da Informação – Serviço Técnico de Biblioteca e Documentação - UNESP, Câmpus de Jaboticabal. DADOS CURRICULARES DO AUTOR Marília Gabriela de Santana Costa – nascida em 03 de Abril de 1986 na cidade de Recife - PE, ingressou em 2007 no curso de Agronomia na Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, durante a graduação foi monitora da disciplina de melhoramento vegetal, sob orientação do Prof. Dr. Clodoaldo José da Anunciação Filho, também participou do PET-Agronomia e desenvolveu o estágio supervisionado obrigatório na área de biotecnologia, com a orientação da Profª. Dra. Angélica Virgínia Valois Montarroyos, desenvolvendo o projeto intitulado “Análise da variabilidade genética de Anthurium affine Schott por meio da técnica de RAPD”, obtento em 2011 o título de Engenheira Agrônoma. No mesmo ano ingressou no Mestrado em Agronomia (Melhoramento Genético de Plantas) pela mesma instituição e desenvolveu a dissertação intitulada “Caracterização citogenética de genótipos de Heliconia L. (Heliconiaceae)”, sob orientação da Profª. Dra. Ana Christina Brasileiro Vidal, na Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, obtendo em 2013 o título de mestra. No mesmo ano ingressou no doutorado em Agronomia (Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) pela Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (Câmpus Jaboticabal) desenvolvendo a pesquisa desta tese sob a orientação do Prof. Dr. Tiago Santana Balbuena, no Laboratório de Proteômica, localizado no Departamento de Tecnologia da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV). AGRADECIMENTOS A Deus por todas as vitórias conquistadas ao logo dessa jornada. Ao Professor Dr. Tiago Santana Balbuena pela orientação, incentivo e o grande apoio em toda execução desse trabalho. Aos meus familiares pelo apoio, em especial a minha mãe, Juracy, sem ela nada seria possível, e à minha amada sobrinha, Laís. Ao amado Miquéias Gomes, por todo o apoio, dedicação, encorajamento, e, principalmente, ao amor a mim dedicado. Aos professores do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia (Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) da Universidade Estadual Paulista “Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias” (UNESP/FCAV) por compartilharem de seus conhecimentos. Aos colegas do laboratório de Proteômica Vegetal, Amanda, Bruna, Edwin, Fernanda, Filipe, Gabriela, Natália e Patrícia, por todos os momentos compartilhados. A todos os professores, alunos e funcionários da UNESP/FCAV, especialmente aos integrantes do Departamento de Tecnologia e do Centro de Recursos Biológicos e Biologia Genômica (CREBIO). Aos amigos e colegas conquistados ao logo dessa jornada em Jaboticabal, em especial a Suellen e Renato, agradeço pelo apoio, carinho e amizade. A UNESP/FCAV pelo apoio institucional e infraestrutura oferecida para condução do trabalho. A Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) pela concessão da bolsa de estudos. A Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) pela concessão de recursos para execução do projeto e participação em evento científico. A todos que de alguma forma contribuíram para execução desse trabalho, Obrigada! VIII SUMÁRIO RESUMO..................................................................................................................... 9 ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................... 10 LISTA DE ABREVIATURAS ..................................................................................... 11 LISTA DE FIGURAS ................................................................................................. 12 1. INTRODUÇÃO ................................................................................................... 13 2. REVISÃO DE LITERATURA .............................................................................. 15 2.1. O gênero Eucalyptus e sua importância no setor florestal ........................... 15 2.2. Qualidade da madeira de E. globulus e E. grandis e o estímulo térmico ..... 16 2.3. O sistema antioxidante das plantas expostas a fatores abióticos ................ 19 2.4. A proteômica de plantas ............................................................................... 21 3. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS ................................................................................... 23 3.1. Material vegetal e condições de crescimento ............................................... 23 3.2. Extração de proteínas .................................................................................. 23 3.3. Eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida e digestão de proteínas .................... 24 3.4. Análises de espectrometria de massas ........................................................ 24 3.5. Identificação e quantificação de proteínas ................................................... 25 3.6. Análise global dos dados e proteínas diferencialmente reguladas ............... 25 3.7. Análise das enzimas antioxidantes e relacionadas com a lignificação ......... 26 4. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO ......................................................................... 28 4.1. Correlação entre os dados proteômicos e a arquitetura genômica de Eucalyptus grandis ................................................................................................. 28 4.2. Identificação de assinaturas proteômicas por análise global dos proteomas caulinares de E. grandis e E. globulus ................................................................... 30 4.3. Proteínas com expressão induzida ou suprimida ......................................... 32 4.4. Mapeamento de vias metabolicas ................................................................ 39 4.5. O subproteoma antioxidante caulinar de espécies de Eucalyptus e a regulação através do estímulo térmico .................................................................. 44 4.6. O metabolismo de lignificação de Eucalyptus e as modificações decorrentes ao estímulo térmico ................................................................................................ 51 5. CONCLUSÕES E PERSPECTIVAS .................................................................. 57 6. REFERÊNCIAS .................................................................................................. 59 APÊNDICE ................................................................................................................ 69 Tabela 1A ............................................................................................................... 70 Tabela 2A ............................................................................................................... 86 IX MUDANÇAS NO PROTEOMA CAULINAR DE Eucalyptus globulus e Eucalyptus grandis EM RESPOSTA A VARIAÇÕES DE TEMPERATURA RESUMO – A indústria de papel e celulose brasileira ocupa uma posição de destaque no mercado mundial. O Eucalyptus grandis é a espécie mais plantada pelo setor florestal e a principal fonte de matéria-prima para a indústria de papel e celulose. Contudo, seu crescimento em regiões de baixa temperatura é limitado. Contrariamente, a espécie Eucalyptus globulus apresenta melhor crescimento em baixas temperaturas, tornando-se cada vez mais interessante para a indústria nacional de papel e celulose. Tendo em vista que a temperatura é um modulador chave no metabolismo das plantas, uma análise global do proteoma foi realizada em plântulas cultivadas em temperaturas controladas, visando a identificação de proteínas diferencialmente reguladas entre as espécies e entre as diferentes condições de cultivo, detecção de vias metabólicas estimuladas pela temperatura e detecção de alterações no metabolismo antioxidante e de lignificação. A estratégia adotada permitiu a identificação de 3.111 proteínas caulinares, representando aproximadamente 9% do proteoma predito para a espécie modelo E. grandis. O perfil de expressão gênica, em termos de número de proteínas identificadas, corroborou com o padrão de densidade gênica para os cromossomos de Eucalyptus. Foram identificadas proteínas envolvidas em diversas vias metabólicas, com destaque para as vias relacionadas com o metabolismo
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