State of Delaware Ambient Surface Water Quality Monitoring Program FY 2020 (July 1, 2019‐June 30, 2020)
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State of Delaware Ambient Surface Water Quality Monitoring Program FY 2020 (July 1, 2019‐June 30, 2020) Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control Division of Watershed Stewardship Watershed Assessment and Management Section June 17, 2019 Table of Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................ 3 Ambient Surface Water Quality Monitoring Program - FY 2020 ...................................... 5 The General Assessment Monitoring Network (GAMN) ............................................... 9 Chesapeake Bay Non-tidal Monitoring ......................................................................... 12 Continuous Water Quality Monitoring .......................................................................... 13 Biological Assessment Monitoring ............................................................................... 15 Toxics in Biota Monitoring ........................................................................................... 15 Toxics in Sediment Monitoring ..................................................................................... 15 Monitoring under the Watershed Approach to Toxics Assessment and Restoration (WATAR) Plan .............................................................................................................. 15 Field and Laboratory Procedures ...................................................................................... 18 Quality Assurance, Documentation, Data Usage and Reporting ...................................... 18 List of Tables Table 1 - Station Locations, Descriptions, Parameters, and Sampling Frequency ........... 19 Table 2 - Water Quality Parameters to be monitored at all stations - FY 2020 ................ 25 Table 3 - Metal Parmeters ................................................................................................. 26 Table 4 - Additional parameters needed for freshwater stations with Biotic Ligand Model Sampling for Copper (BLM Parameters) ................................................................... 27 List of Figures Figure 1 – State of Delaware Watersheds and Basins ........................................................ 7 Figure 2 - Delaware's Surface Water Quality Monitoring Sites ....................................... 10 Figure 3 - Delaware's Rotating Priority Monitoring Basins ............................................. 11 Figure 4 - Delaware's Non-tidal Monitoring Sites ............................................................ 12 Figure 5 - Delaware's Continuous Monitoring Sites ......................................................... 14 Figure 6 - WATAR Sampling sites ................................................................................... 17 2 Executive Summary Delaware’s Surface Water Quality Monitoring Program for Fiscal Year 2020 as conducted by Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) is described in this report. Elements of Delaware’s monitoring program include: General Assessment Monitoring, Chesapeake Non-tidal Monitoring, Continuous Water Quality Monitoring, Biological Assessment Monitoring, Toxics in Biota Monitoring, Toxics in Sediment Monitoring, and Monitoring under the Watershed Approach to Toxics Assessment and Restoration (WATAR) Plan. Each element of the monitoring program is briefly described below: Delaware maintains a General Assessment Monitoring Network (GAMN). GAMN stations are considered long term stations whose data is used to perform long term status and trend assessments of water quality conditions of the State’s surface waters and support compilation of Watershed Assessment Reports as mandated by the Clean Water Act under section 305(b). In addition, the data is used to calculate annual nutrients and other pollutants loads and to track progress toward achieving the targets established by the Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) for many of the watersheds of the State. Furthermore, the data will be used to identify effect of land use on N and P concentrations. The State’s GAMN currently has a total of 139 stations. 23 of the monitoring stations are considered category 1 stations (C1) and are monitored monthly. These stations are co- located with a United States Geological Survey (USGS) stream gaging station or are located at the mouth of a tidal river. The remaining 116 monitoring stations are Category 2 (C2) stations and are monitored monthly for 2 years and bi- monthly for 3 years according to a 5-year rotating basin schedule. 4 storm samples (one per season) are collected annually at 12 C1 and C2 sites statewide shown at the end of Table One. During FY 2020, Piedmont and Chesapeake Bay Drainage Basins are the priority basins and all stations in these two basins are monitored every month. Monitoring frequency at stations in the other 3 basins (Inland Bays, Upper Delaware Bay, and Lower Delaware Bay) will be bi- monthly. Delaware DNREC is participating in the Chesapeake Bay Program’s Non-tidal Monitoring Program and collects samples from two of the non-tidal sites located in Delaware. These two sites are Nanticoke River near Bridgeville and Marshyhope Creek at Fishers Bridge Rd. Samples at these two sites are collected according to sample collection protocol developed by the Chesapeake Bay Program Non-tidal Monitoring Workgroup. Monthly samples and 8 storm samples per year (2 storm samples per season) are collected at these two sites. The data collected at these two sites are provided to the Chesapeake Bay Program and are used for calibrating the Chesapeake Bay Watershed Model. The data are also used to monitor water quality status and to perform trend analysis. Delaware DNREC, in cooperation with the Delaware Geological Survey (DGS) and the United States Geological Survey (USGS), is maintaining 6 continuous water quality monitoring sites in the State. Monitoring of water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, and specific conductance at these sites are conducted 3 at fifteen minute intervals by using multi-parameter water-quality sondes (YSI sondes). During FY 2020, Delaware DNREC will not conduct any new habitat/biological survey. Instead, it will review the results of surveys conducted during the past several years to evaluate the condition of habitat/biota and to identify any areas where data gap exist and where additional monitoring is needed. Future habitat/biological monitoring will be based on the findings of this data review and analysis. During FY2020 DNREC’s WATAR Team plans to continue to focus its ongoing efforts to characterize watersheds that flow from Delaware to the Chesapeake Bay. This focus started in FY2018. During the past two reporting periods, water, sediment and fish samples were collected from 18 locations within 15 watersheds, including the Elk Creek watershed, Perch Creek watershed, C&D Canal West watershed, Bohemia Creek watershed, Sassafras River watershed, Chester River watershed, Choptank River watershed, Marshyhope Creek watershed, Nanticoke River watershed, Gum Branch watershed, Gravely Branch watershed, Deep Creek watershed, Broad Creek watershed, Pocomoke River watershed and the Wicomico watershed. Data analysis and assessment is ongoing, and summary reports are in the process of being prepared. 4 Ambient Surface Water Quality Monitoring Program - FY 2020 The purpose of the Ambient Surface Water Quality Monitoring Program is to collect data on the chemical, physical and biological characteristics of Delaware's surface waters. The information that is collected under this Program is used to: Describe surface water quality conditions in the State; Identify long term trends in surface water quality; Determine the suitability of Delaware surface waters for water supply, recreation, fish and aquatic life, and other uses; Monitor achievement of Surface Water Quality Standards; Identify and prioritize high quality and degraded surface waters; Calculate annual nutrient and select metal loads and track progress toward achieving Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) targets; and Evaluate the overall success of Delaware's water quality management efforts. Major components of Delaware's Surface Water Quality Monitoring Program include the following: General Assessment Monitoring Chesapeake Non-tidal Monitoring Continuous Water Quality Monitoring Biological Assessment Monitoring Toxics in Biota Monitoring Toxics in Sediment Monitoring Monitoring under the Watershed Approach to Toxics Assessment and Restoration (WATAR) Plan. This report discusses the General Assessment Monitoring in detail. In addition, it briefly discusses other components of the Delaware’s Surface Water Quality Monitoring Program including the Biological Assessment Monitoring, Toxics in Biota Monitoring, Toxics in Sediment Monitoring, and WATAR monitoring. 5 Figure 1 – State of Delaware Watersheds and Basins 7 The General Assessment Monitoring Network (GAMN) The General Assessment Monitoring Network (GAMN) provides for routine water quality monitoring of surface waters throughout the State of Delaware. Currently the monitoring network includes 139 monitoring stations (see Table 1). Each station is monitored for conventional parameters such as nutrients, bacteria, dissolved oxygen, pH, alkalinity, and hardness (Table 2). Some stations are monitored for dissolved metals as well as the parameters that are needed to conduct Biotic Ligand Model (BLM) analysis for metals toxicity (see Tables 1, 3 and 4). The data collected as part of this effort is entered