Manipulating Mobile Devices with a Private GSM Base Station – a Case Study
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Running a Basic Osmocom GSM Network
Running a basic Osmocom GSM network Harald Welte <[email protected]> What this talk is about Implementing GSM/GPRS network elements as FOSS Applied Protocol Archaeology Doing all of that on top of Linux (in userspace) Running your own Internet-style network use off-the-shelf hardware (x86, Ethernet card) use any random Linux distribution configure Linux kernel TCP/IP network stack enjoy fancy features like netfilter/iproute2/tc use apache/lighttpd/nginx on the server use Firefox/chromium/konqueor/lynx on the client do whatever modification/optimization on any part of the stack Running your own GSM network Until 2009 the situation looked like this: go to Ericsson/Huawei/ZTE/Nokia/Alcatel/… spend lots of time convincing them that you’re an eligible customer spend a six-digit figure for even the most basic full network end up with black boxes you can neither study nor improve WTF? I’ve grown up with FOSS and the Internet. I know a better world. Why no cellular FOSS? both cellular (2G/3G/4G) and TCP/IP/HTTP protocol specs are publicly available for decades. Can you believe it? Internet protocol stacks have lots of FOSS implementations cellular protocol stacks have no FOSS implementations for the first almost 20 years of their existence? it’s the classic conflict classic circuit-switched telco vs. the BBS community ITU-T/OSI/ISO vs. Arpanet and TCP/IP Enter Osmocom In 2008, some people (most present in this room) started to write FOSS for GSM to boldly go where no FOSS hacker has gone before where protocol stacks are deep and acronyms are -
Getting Started with Openbts BUILD OPEN SOURCE MOBILE NETWORKS
Compliments of Getting Michael Iedema Started with Foreword by Harvind Samra OpenBTS BUILD OPEN SOURCE MOBILE NETWORKS Getting Started with OpenBTS Michael Iedema Getting Started with OpenBTS by Michael Iedema Copyright © 2015 Range Networks. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Published by O’Reilly Media, Inc., 1005 Gravenstein Highway North, Sebastopol, CA 95472. O’Reilly books may be purchased for educational, business, or sales promotional use. Online editions are also available for most titles (http://safaribooksonline.com). For more information, contact our corporate/ institutional sales department: 800-998-9938 or [email protected]. Editor: Brian MacDonald Indexer: WordCo Indexing Services Production Editor: Melanie Yarbrough Cover Designer: Karen Montgomery Copyeditor: Lindsy Gamble Interior Designer: David Futato Proofreader: Charles Roumeliotis Illustrator: Rebecca Demarest January 2015: First Edition Revision History for the First Edition: 2015-01-12: First release See http://oreilly.com/catalog/errata.csp?isbn=9781491910658 for release details. The O’Reilly logo is a registered trademark of O’Reilly Media, Inc. Getting Started with OpenBTS, the cover image of a Sun Conure, and related trade dress are trademarks of O’Reilly Media, Inc. Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and O’Reilly Media, Inc. was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in caps or initial caps. While the publisher and the author have used good faith efforts to ensure that the information and instruc‐ tions contained in this work are accurate, the publisher and the author disclaim all responsibility for errors or omissions, including without limitation responsibility for damages resulting from the use of or reliance on this work. -
Modeling the Use of an Airborne Platform for Cellular Communications Following Disruptions
Dissertations and Theses 9-2017 Modeling the Use of an Airborne Platform for Cellular Communications Following Disruptions Stephen John Curran Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.erau.edu/edt Part of the Aviation Commons, and the Communication Commons Scholarly Commons Citation Curran, Stephen John, "Modeling the Use of an Airborne Platform for Cellular Communications Following Disruptions" (2017). Dissertations and Theses. 353. https://commons.erau.edu/edt/353 This Dissertation - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MODELING THE USE OF AN AIRBORNE PLATFORM FOR CELLULAR COMMUNICATIONS FOLLOWING DISRUPTIONS By Stephen John Curran A Dissertation Submitted to the College of Aviation in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Aviation Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona Beach, Florida September 2017 © 2017 Stephen John Curran All Rights Reserved. ii ABSTRACT Researcher: Stephen John Curran Title: MODELING THE USE OF AN AIRBORNE PLATFORM FOR CELLULAR COMMUNICATIONS FOLLOWING DISRUPTIONS Institution: Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Degree: Doctor of Philosophy in Aviation Year: 2017 In the wake of a disaster, infrastructure can be severely damaged, hampering telecommunications. An Airborne Communications Network (ACN) allows for rapid and accurate information exchange that is essential for the disaster response period. Access to information for survivors is the start of returning to self-sufficiency, regaining dignity, and maintaining hope. Real-world testing has proven that such a system can be built, leading to possible future expansion of features and functionality of an emergency communications system. -
Patent No.: US 8358640 B1
US008358640B1 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,358,640 B1 Breau et a]. (45) Date of Patent: Jan. 22, 2013 (54) FEMTOCELL BRIDGING IN MEDIA LOCAL OTHER PUBLICATIONS AREA NETWORKS Notice ofAllowance datedApr. 11, 2011,U.S.Appl.No. 12/689,081, ?led Jan. 18,2012. (75) Inventors: Jeremey R. Breau, Leawood, KS (US); Breau, Jeremy R., et al., Patent Application entitled “System and Jason R. Delker, Olathe, KS (U S) Method for Bridging Media Local Area Networks,” ?led Jan. 18, 2010, US. Appl. No. 12/689,081. Assignee: Sprint Communications Company “Address Resolution Protocol,” Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/ (73) w/indeX.php?titleIAddressiResolutioniProtocol&printable:yes, L.P., Overland Park, KS (U S) (last visited Aug. 25, 2009). Bahlmann, Bruce, “DLNA Basics, Bridging Services within a Con ( * ) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this nected Home,” Communications Technology, http://www.cable360. patent is extended or adjusted under 35 net/print/ct/deployment/techtrends/23787.html, Jun. 1, 2007. U.S.C. 154(b) by 248 days. Bahlmann, Bruce, “Digital Living Network Alliance (DLNA) Essen tials,” Birds-Eye.Net, http://www.birds-eye.net/articleiarchive/ digitalilivinginetworkiallianceidlnaiessentials.htm, Apr. 1, (21) Appl. No.: 12/791,859 2007. “Network address translation,” Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/ (22) Filed: Jun. 1, 2010 w/indeX.php?title:Networkiaddressitranslation&printable:yes, Aug. 20, 2009. (51) Int. Cl. Pre-Interview Communication dated Jul. 31, 2012, US. Appl. No. H04L 12/56 (2006.01) 12/698,495, ?led Feb. 2, 2010. H04] [/16 (2006.01) Delker, Jason R., et al., Patent Application entitled “Centralized Program Guide,” ?led Feb. -
700 Mhz Base Station Test Results for the FCC
MOBILE --------.. BEFREE 0---.- 700 MHz Base Station Test Results for the FCC Flow Mobile 700 MHz Base Station Test Results 1.0 Document Goal This document provides the test results of a Base Station which provides mobile broadband connectivity using 700 MHz spectrum using the WiFi protocol. Flow Mobile had obtained a STA from the FCC to be able to test a Base Station in the 760-776 MHZ. The purpose of this test was to prove that WiFi protocol can be used at this spectrum and a mobile Base Station can be used to help deploy a large wide-area network. 2.0 Introduction A Base Transceiver Station (BTS) is a major component of any wireless access network to provide wireless service to users. A client terminal connects to a BTS to provide service to the user. Our demonstration is of a BTS operating in 760-776 MHz using WiFi protocol and the client used to test this BTS is based on an off-the-shelf module developed by Ubiquiti Networks. The client can be a handheld device, a computer card that is either connected using the PCMCIA slot or USB connector. The connection between the client and the BTS uses a particular protocol. The protocol could be any of CDMA, GSM, 3G standards or Wi-Fi standards or the future LTE standards. Hence a BTS has two components for the radio connection to be established between the BTS and the Client Terminal. The two components are frequency component which is purely a radio function and a protocol component which is a required for communication. -
Cellular Technology.Pdf
Cellular Technologies Mobile Device Investigations Program Technical Operations Division - DFB DHS - FLETC Basic Network Design Frequency Reuse and Planning 1. Cellular Technology enables mobile communication because they use of a complex two-way radio system between the mobile unit and the wireless network. 2. It uses radio frequencies (radio channels) over and over again throughout a market with minimal interference, to serve a large number of simultaneous conversations. 3. This concept is the central tenet to cellular design and is called frequency reuse. Basic Network Design Frequency Reuse and Planning 1. Repeatedly reusing radio frequencies over a geographical area. 2. Most frequency reuse plans are produced in groups of seven cells. Basic Network Design Note: Common frequencies are never contiguous 7 7 The U.S. Border Patrol uses a similar scheme with Mobile Radio Frequencies along the Southern border. By alternating frequencies between sectors, all USBP offices can communicate on just two frequencies Basic Network Design Frequency Reuse and Planning 1. There are numerous seven cell frequency reuse groups in each cellular carriers Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) or Rural Service Areas (RSA). 2. Higher traffic cells will receive more radio channels according to customer usage or subscriber density. Basic Network Design Frequency Reuse and Planning A frequency reuse plan is defined as how radio frequency (RF) engineers subdivide and assign the FCC allocated radio spectrum throughout the carriers market. Basic Network Design How Frequency Reuse Systems Work In concept frequency reuse maximizes coverage area and simultaneous conversation handling Cellular communication is made possible by the transmission of RF. This is achieved by the use of a powerful antenna broadcasting the signals. -
Openbts Application Suite User Manual
OpenBTS Application Suite Release 4.0 User Manual Revision date: April 15, 2014 Copyright 2011-2014 Range Networks, Inc. This document is distributed and licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Contents 1 General Information 7 1.1 Scope and Audience.........................................8 1.2 License and Copyright........................................8 1.3 Disclaimers..............................................8 1.4 Source Code Availability....................................... 10 1.5 Abbreviations............................................ 11 1.6 References.............................................. 12 1.7 Contact Information & Support................................... 13 2 Introduction to OpenBTS Application Suite 14 2.1 Key Programs............................................ 15 2.2 Network Organization........................................ 16 3 Getting to Know Your OpenBTS System 19 3.1 Accessing the System........................................ 19 3.2 Starting and Stopping Applications................................. 20 3.3 OpenBTS Command Line Interface (CLI)............................. 20 3.4 Using the OpenRANUI....................................... 24 3.5 Databases.............................................. 25 3.6 Folder Structure........................................... 25 3.7 Logging............................................... 26 4 OpenBTS Data Tables and Structures 27 4.1 Manipulating OpenBTS Databases................................. 27 4.2 The Configuration Table..................................... -
Components for 5G Base Stations and Antennas
Quick guide COMPONENTS FOR 5G BASE STATIONS AND ANTENNAS www.essentracomponents.com MAKING IT EASIER QUICK GUIDE 5G TECHNOLOGY MANUFACTURERS FACE A CHALLENGE. With the demand for 5G coverage accelerating, it’s a race to build and deploy base-station components and antenna mast systems. Upgrading 4G base stations by software to non-standalone (NSA) 5G will still require hardware changes. It will act as an interim, but it will still not satisfy the need for true 5G network architecture. The number of base stations needed increases with each generation of mobile technology to support higher levels of data traffic. Antenna systems will also need to evolve to handle increases in capacity, frequency ranges and the ability to minimise interference as signal density expands. Your 5G base-station design and 5G antenna components will need to address not only technical challenges, but also aesthetics, weather and security requirements. This guide is designed to help you chose the components you’ll need. To further help you, we’ve made free CADs of our solutions available for download. You can also request free samples for most of our products, so you can try before you buy. ESSENTRACOMPONENTS.COM 2 QUICK GUIDE BASE STATIONS A 5G network base-station connects other wireless devices to a central hub. A look at 5G base-station architecture includes various equipment, such as a 5G base station power amplifier, which converts signals from RF antennas to BUU cabinets (baseband unit in wireless stations). Whatever you’re designing, you’ll need to consider cost, ease of installation and assembly and, of course, flammability. -
Cost Effective Cellular Connectivity in Rural Areas
VillageCell: Cost Effective Cellular Connectivity in Rural Areas Abhinav Anand, Veljko Pejovic, David L. Johnson, Elizabeth M. Belding University of California, Santa Barbara [email protected], {veljko, davidj, ebelding}@cs.ucsb.edu ABSTRACT need for real-time voice communication. In addition, even Mobile telephony brings clear economic and social benefits more than in the developed world, voice communication in to its users. As handsets have become more affordable, own- the developing world is a strong enabler of political free- ership has reached staggering numbers, even in the most re- dom [18], economic growth [3] and efficient health care [24]. mote areas of the world. However, network coverage is often The unique disposition of African villages, characterized lacking in low population densities and low income rural ar- by low population density and low-income communities, along eas of the developing world, where big telecoms often defer with the specific cultural context represented by a mix of from deploying expensive infrastructure. To solve this cov- languages and ethnicities, and the chiefdom-based political erage gap, we propose VillageCell, a low-cost alternative to structure, impact both the need for, and the adoption of high-end cell phone networks. VillageCell relies on software voice communication. To better understand the way ru- defined radios and open-source solutions to provide free local ral Africans indigenize voice communication tools, we con- and cheap long-distance communication for remote regions. ducted a survey of two villages in South Africa and Zambia. Our architecture is simple and easy to deploy, yet robust The specific villages were chosen because they are connected and requires no modification to GSM handsets. -
The Openbts Project
The OpenBTS Project David A. Burgess, Harvind S. Samra Kestrel Signal Processing, Inc. Fairfield, California October 31, 2008 2 Chapter 1 About The Project 1.1 What is the OpenBTS Project? The OpenBTS Project is an effort to construct an open-source Unix application that uses the Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) to present a GSM air interface (“Um”) to standard GSM handset and uses the Asterisk VoIP PBX to connect calls. This is in fact very different from a conventional GSM BTS, which is a dumb device that is managed externally by a basestation controller (BSC) and connects calls in a remote mobile switching center (MSC). Because of this important architectural difference, the end product of this project is better referred to as an access point, even though the project is called “OpenBTS”. 1.2 Why Build an Open Source GSM Stack? The combination of the ubiquitous GSM air interface with VoIP backhaul could form the basis of a new type of cellular network that could be deployed and operated at substantially lower cost than existing technologies. Since these new hybrid networks are not readily compatible with legacy networks, and since radical two-tier pricing would be disruptive for existing carriers, we are not likely to see this kind of innovation from the conventional telecom community. This is the primary motivation for starting this project: a vision of truly universal telephone service. The inspiration for this project came from a simultaneous recognition of these elements from prior experience1 with GSM, software radios, VoIP and sustainable power systems: • The USRP can be readily adapted as a GSM transceiver and the hardware can be reworked to give a carrier-grade radio for use in a software BTS. -
Analysis on Fixed and Mobile Wimax
THESIS REPORT Analysis on Fixed and Mobile WiMAX By Umar Tariq Umer Naeem Jilani Tauseef Ahmad Siddiqui MS in Electrical Engineering majors in Telecommunications Blekinge Institute of Technology Blekinge Institute of Technology 2007 THESIS REPORT Analysis on Fixed and Mobile WiMAX By Umar Tariq Umer Naeem Jilani Tauseef Ahmed Siddiqui MS in Electrical Engineering majors in Telecommunications Project Advisor: Tommy Hult Deliverable: Report: 1 Volume Blekinge Institute of Technology 2007 I Submission Performa Name University Number Email Umar Tariq 830321-P372 [email protected] Umer Naeem Jilani 830318-P138 [email protected] Tauseef Ahmad Siddiqui 810802-P356 [email protected] Title of Project: Analysis of Fixed and Mobile WiMAX Supervisor: Tommy Hult This report is submitted as required for the Project in accordance with the rules laid down by the Blekinge Institute of Technology as part of the requirements for the award of the degree of Masters of Engineering. I declare that the work presented in this report is my own except where due reference or acknowledgement is given to the work of others. Signature of students Date (1)…………………………….. ……………………. (2)……………………………. ……………………. (3)…………………………….. ……………………. Signature of Supervisor Date …………………………. ………………………. Analysis of Fixed WiMAX and Mobile WiMAX II Acknowledgements We first would like to thank our honorable Supervisor Tommy Hult for his devotion of time to our project and to provide the facility. Secondly we appreciate the valuable comments and suggestions from Miss Kim Ngan and who helped us in our project as well as sharing their expertise and their knowledge of the subject which allowed us to complete our project effectively and efficiently in time. -
Data Encoding and Transmission
Data Communications & Networks Session 6 – Main Theme Wireless and Mobile Networks Dr. Jean-Claude Franchitti New York University Computer Science Department Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences Adapted from course textbook resources Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach, 6/E Copyright 1996-2013 J.F. Kurose and K.W. Ross, All Rights Reserved 1 Agenda 1 Session Overview 2 Wireless and Mobile Networks 3 Summary and Conclusion 2 What is the class about? .Course description and syllabus: »http://www.nyu.edu/classes/jcf/csci-ga.2262-001/ »http://cs.nyu.edu/courses/Fall13/CSCI-GA.2262- 001/index.html .Textbooks: » Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (6th Edition) James F. Kurose, Keith W. Ross Addison Wesley ISBN-10: 0132856204, ISBN-13: 978-0132856201, 6th Edition (02/24/12) 3 Course Overview . Computer Networks and the Internet . Application Layer . Fundamental Data Structures: queues, ring buffers, finite state machines . Data Encoding and Transmission . Local Area Networks and Data Link Control . Wireless Communications . Packet Switching . OSI and Internet Protocol Architecture . Congestion Control and Flow Control Methods . Internet Protocols (IP, ARP, UDP, TCP) . Network (packet) Routing Algorithms (OSPF, Distance Vector) . IP Multicast . Sockets 4 Course Approach . Introduction to Basic Networking Concepts (Network Stack) . Origins of Naming, Addressing, and Routing (TCP, IP, DNS) . Physical Communication Layer . MAC Layer (Ethernet, Bridging) . Routing Protocols (Link State, Distance Vector) . Internet Routing (BGP, OSPF, Programmable Routers) . TCP Basics (Reliable/Unreliable) . Congestion Control . QoS, Fair Queuing, and Queuing Theory . Network Services – Multicast and Unicast . Extensions to Internet Architecture (NATs, IPv6, Proxies) . Network Hardware and Software (How to Build Networks, Routers) . Overlay Networks and Services (How to Implement Network Services) .