Railmodel Journal Staff

Publisber' : Larry Bell Editor: Robert Schleicher Regular Contributors: Louis A. Marre, Diesels Jim Eager, Today's Modeling Todd Sullivan, (c. 1960-1969) Modeling John Nehrich, (c. 1945-1959) Modeling Richard Hendrickson, (c. 1940-1949) Modeling Tom Hood, Canadian Modeling Robert Higgins, Model Locomotives Doug Gurin (Layout Design SIG), Layout AllTechniques: Scales: Design 4 Masking Methods fo r Two-Color Paint Schemes Rick Brendel, Electronics 26 Your Top Tips, readers' "better ideas" for modeling

Art Director: Rick Hennigar Plans: Grapbic Design: Stuart Leuthner 13 Appalachian Coal Mine Circulation Director: Sherri Patterson Phone: (303) 296-1600 Operations: Fax: (303) 295-2159 27 Switching the Interchange Time Capsule: 2403 Contributions: Mail to Champa St., Denver, 31 June 14, 1952 , near the Western Maryland's Shomo 80205. CO All material must be accompanied by Yard return postage. We assume no liability or respon­ sibility for loss or damage to material. Any mater­ Scenic Modeling: On the Cover: The West ial accepted is subject to such revision as is 40 Trees-in-a-Box, in just fo ur steps Virginia Southern Railroad necessary in our sole discretion to meet the re­ recreates Class One quirements of the publication. Payment will be railroading on the Penn 45 ,HO Scale: made within days of publication, unless pre­ Locomotive Performance: Central and Western vious arrangements have been made in writing, at 12 Summary of All Previous Test Reports Maryland with a roster of our current rates which cover the author's and/or 60 58 IHC/Mehano Southern Pacific 2-6-0 Test Report locomotives and over contributor's right, title and interest in and to the 600 freight cars. Your personal material mailed, including but not limited to Diesels, One-Detail-At-A-Time: photographs, drawings, charts and designs, which 18 EMD GP40 as CN no. 4007 tour of Ed Kuhr's empire shall be considered as text. The act of mailing the begins on page 50 of this manuscript and/or material shall constitute an ex­ Freight Car Modeling: issue. press warranty that the material is original and in 20 Pennsy PS-2 Covered Hopper from MDC kit� no way an infringement upon the rights of others. 32 86-foot Hi-Cube Box Cars from Athearn kits Readers: Note that the procedures and materials 46 40-foot PS-I Box Cars from McKean, Walthers, Con-Cor, Model Power or contained in the various articles in this magazine Cannonball kits, Part VII are presented in good faith but that no warranty is given and no results guaranteed from any use of Techniques: this material. Nor is any freedom from other 22 Kit-Conversion: Pennsy X-29B Box Car from C&BT Shops and Sunshine kits patent or copyright implied. Since there is no way 44 Derail-Proofing Athearn 86-foot Box Car Kits for us to control the application of material pre­ sented in this magazine, Golden Bell Press and the Layout Tour: respective editors, authors, photographers and il­ 50 Ed Kuhn's West Virginia Southern Railroad lustrators disclaim any liability for untoward re­ sults and/or for any physical injury that may be in­ N curred by using any of the material published in Plans:Scale: this magazine. 13 Appalachian Coal Mine

Locomotive Performance: Advertising Director: Robert Bickley 2403 Champa St., Denver, CO 80205 12 Summary of All Previous Test Reports (303) 670-1068; (303) Telephone Fax: Diesel Modeling: 670-1168. 42 Southern Pacific EMD SD40 from Kato's Model

Advertising Policy: Railmodel Journal will Diesels, One-Detail-At-A-Time: accept advertising only from manufacturers .. 18 EMD GP40 as CN no. 4007 authorized direct importers, publishers and distributors for their products. No dealer or Freight Cars: discount mail order advertising - no discount 20 Pennsy PS-2 Covered Hoppers fr om the NEW Atlas model ads of any type - will be accepted. Publisher 32 86-foot Hi-Cube Box Cars from Arnold models reserves the right to reject copy, text and/or 46 40-foot PS- I Box Cars from Micro-Trains and Atlas models, Part VII illustrations or complete ads. o RAILMODEL JOURNAL is published 12 LocomotiveScale: Performance: times a year by Golden Bell Press, 2403 Champa 12 Summary of All Previous Test Reports St., Denver, CO 80205. Price per single copy is $2.95, or $28.00 per year in the U.S.A. Individual Diesels, One-Detail-At-A-Time: copy prices higher in Canada and other countries. 18 EMD GP40 as CN no. 4007 Foreign subscriptions $36.00 for 12 issues, pay­ Freight Cars: in U_S_ funds. RAlLMODEL JOURNAL, able. 46 40-foot PS-J Box Cars from Weaver kits, Part VII ISSN 1043-5441, copyright 1993 by Golden Bell Press. All rights reserved. Second Class Postage paid at Denver, CO. POSTMASTER: Send ad­ Departments: dress changes to Railmodel Journal, 2403 49 Calendar Champa St., Denver, CO 80205. 60, 62, 63, 64, 65 , 68 What's New RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 3 TECHNIQUES MASKING METHODS FOR TWO·COLOR PAINT SCHEMES

By Kenneth A. Kessler

Here are the tricks you need to insure that the break between two colors will be smooth and even.

inely painted motive power is one of the most impressive parts of model railroading. F With a few simple tools and a little practice, you can mask models to recreate those impressive paint jobs. The appropriate tools and equipment are listed, followed by techniques with objectives and step-by-step procedures. The techniques are easy enough to learn and, once mastered, you can mask nearly any scheme you like. A sample paint scheme is offered with instructions to help you better understand the pro­ cedures discussed . If you paint, or .if

Previous Painting Articles Basic air brush selection and use ap­ peared in the January 1992 issue.* Painting with acrylics and an airbrush appeared in the March 1992 issue. Weathering with an airbrush appeared in the April 1993 and December 1989 *is­ sues. Weathering with acrylics and an air­ brush appeared in the August 1992 issue. * Painting with aerosol cans appeared in the October 1991 issue. * Weathering with aerosol cans and you would like to paint, you should Tools/Eq uipment brushes appeared in the February* and become a proficient masker. - Plate glass. May 1990 issues. * - Masking tape. Color-matching freight car colors ap­ Masking Advantages - Metal straight edge. peared in the August 1989*, June* and - Paint color match is better and - Sharp knife . November 1990* issues. easier than decals. - Scale ruler. Decal application appeared in the April - Proper size and good fit on all - Sheet styrene . 1991 issue. * models regardless of scale. Applying dry transfers appeared in the May 1991 issue * - Better adherence to uneven sur­ Also suggested _ Weathering with acrylic paint and cot­ faces than decals. - Scale calipers or dividers ton swabs appeared in the December - Paint can be touched up if - Magnifying visor 1989 issue. scratched or chipped . Weathering with powdered pastel - Masking is usually faster than Step 1 - I use a 9x14-inch piece of chalks appeared in the December 1993 applying and setting decals. if4-inch plate glass and a T-square with issue. - No messy wet decals to position an 18-inch aluminum blade. The T­ *NOTE: These articles have all been and set. square assures consistent parallel cuts. reprinted in the book, Freight Car - Finely masked and painted models The metal blade reduces the possibility Modeling... Techniques. are attainable excellence. of damage to the T-square. I put the

4 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 glass on a 9xl 4-inch sheet of 'i2-inch styrofoam to cushion the glass and as­ sure clearance for the T -square head. Paper-backed masking tape works well. I prefer at least 3-inch-wide tape. Be sure its adhesive does not shed. Your fingers should not feel sticky after touching the adhesive. Drafting tape does not stick well for me, and I have had no experience with the new plastic­ backed tapes. Your knife must be very sharp for smooth cuts. Start with a new blade and change it often. An X-acto no. II blade in the standard handle works well. Good masking requires good mea­ surement. You must be able to measure Step 1: Equipment - Consistency depends on clean smooth glass, a sharp knife, a lengths accurately. Calipers, calibrated good straightedge and consistent measurement. in scale feet and inches, work best, but similar results are possible with a good scale rule and dividers. I use Burlington Roundhouse's flexible scale rule to measure around curved surfaces. C.T.T., Inc., 109 Medallion Center, Dallas, TX 75214, also makes clear scale rules for N, HO, S, 0 and G scales. Since accuracy is important and dimensions are very small, I use an OptiVisor when cutting and applying tape. Patterns made from sheet plastic are used to cut curves into tape. Evergreen's .030-inch plastic sheet is thick enough to guide the knife well, but thin enough to be easily shaped.

Technique Step 2: Cutting - A smooth stroke with firm even pressure gives the best cuts.

Step 2 - Initial Tape Cut. With a piece of tape smoothly applied to the glass, put the T-square blade on the tape just below its top edge. Make sure the T-square's head is snug against the glass edge. Draw the knife along the T-square blade in a smooth single stroke using

firm, even pressure. Step 3 - Remove and discard the Step 3: Rough edge - An incomplete cut puts tears in the edge and a ragged edge tape above the cut. A successful cut puts on your masking. a smooth, straight, "hard" edge along the top of the tape. Uneven pressure, a wavering hand, a dull knife or nicking the straight-edge may leave gaps, fuzzy edges or uneven spots along the cut. Practice until you consistently get a smooth edge.

Step 4 - Cutting Wide Stripes. After making a good initial cut, move the T-square down Y4 inch and make a second cut. Remove the strip and re­ place it on the glass above the larger piece of tape. Be sure both edges are straight and smooth.

Step 5 - Once you have a strip with two smooth edges, cut a piece about Y2 inch long from one end. Place that piece along the remaining strip to check the Step 4: Removal- Slip the knife tip under the end of the tape strip to remove it from strip's width consistency. If the width is the glass.

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 5 MASKING consistent, you have cut a "wide stripe" (no longer just a strip). If width is inconsistent, try again with firm pressure on the T-square and a smooth, even hand motion. T-square movement during the cut is disastrous. Hand movement during the cut also affects tape width.

Step 6 - Cutting Stripes to Exact Width. Cut a stripe, measure its width, and cut a second stripe the same width. Use a scale rule, dividers, calipers, or whatever you have for measurement. Check edges and width. The edges must Step 5: Comparison - Replace the stripe, cut off an end and compare its width with be smooth and the width consistent. the rest of the stripe. Then compare the second stripe's width to the stripe you want to match.

Step 7 - Even if you measured accu­ rately, the second stripe may not be the width you expected. This can result from knife blade offset and the a,ngle at which you hold the knife. Offset from calipers or dividers can also affect the second stripe's width. You can com­ pensate for these during measurement if you are consistent in your measuring and cutting techniques. Since each tape stripe should be measured after it is cut, you will have ample opportunity to determine needed compensation. Step 6: Good - Th e end piece should align with the width of the rest of the stripe.

Step 8 - Cutting Narrow Stripes. Make a cut near the top of the tape. Without moving the T-square or remov­ ing any tape, make a second cut with your hand shifted so the knife handle swings toward you 20 to 30 degrees. This produces two parallel cuts that are very close to each other.

Step 9 - Remove the tape between the two cuts and evaluate it. "Narrow stripes" are delicate and will break very Step 7: Bad - When the stripe's width does not match, discard and cut another. easily. Practice until you get consistent results. With a sharp knife, you should be able to make strips narrower than I inch in HO scale (0.0115 inch). The width of your stripe depends on the distance you shift your hand and the thickness of your straight edge blade.

My T-square blade is almost 'i16-inch thick, so small shifts change stripe width a great deal. Thinner blades re­ quire larger shifts to make the same width changes.

Step 10 - Masking Curves. Make a pattern of the desired curve by cutting it into a .030-inch styrene strip the width of your tape stripe. Smooth the final shape with files and sandpaper.

Step 11 - Place the plastic pattern over a tape stripe and cut the curve.

Step 12 - If a curve is symmetric,

the guide need only contain one side of Step 8: Cut 1 - Make a "normal" cut, but do not move the straightedge or remove the curve. any tape.

6 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 Step 9: Cut No. 2 - Th e second cut is made with the knife blade offset. Thin stripes are delicate, and removal may be difficult. Remember, patience is a virtue.

Step 10: Pattern- Cut the rounded shape of the pattern into the tape.

Step 11: Symmetrical cut no. 1 - Cut the left half of the curve to just beyond the centerline.

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 7 MASKING

Step 13 - Use the guide to cut half of the curve on tape, then tum the guide over and cut the remainder of the curve. This assures the same curve is cut on both sides.

Step 14 - Positioning Tape. Most models have several built-in straight lines, such as walkways, grills and batten strips. These "model lines" should be used whenever possible to align tape. Step 15 - When stripes or paint color separations run parallel to one of Step 12: Symmetrical cut no. 2- Turn the pattern over, align it with the leftside cut, these "model lines" but not right next then cut the right side. to it, make an alignment strip. An align­ ment strip is tape cut to the width be­ tween a "model line" and the desired tape location. Position the alignment strip along the "model line" and mask along the alignment strip, then remove the alignment strip. If the pattern is repeated elsewhere on the model, use the same alignment strip everywhere to assure consistency. Step 16 - Stripes and edges running at an angle to a model line can be Step 13: Symmetrical cuts done - The final shape is smooth and symmetrical. (This masked using an alignment strip with is the shape cut in the first two photos.) the appropriate angle cut into it.

Step 17 - Practice Application for the Wabash PAl three-color paint scheme (blue, gray, white). Most of the masking for this model is over white (actually gray). Paint the entire body this light gray base color. Step 18 - Once this paint has • thoroughly dried, cut a plastic guide strip equal to the width of the panel between the bottom two batten strips. This is the bottom white stripe which ends in an angular curve below the cab.

Step 19 - When the plastic guide strip is finished, use it to cut the curve at one end of each of two pieces of tape, making one righthand and one lefthand stripe. Step 14: Align - The alignment stripe is placed along the bottom batten. Step 20 - Place these stripes on the model by properly locating the stripe's curved front end. Use a prototype photo to confirm placement. Since the batten strips do not extend as far forward as these stripes, an alignment strip may be helpful in locating the front end of these stripes. Step 21, 22 - If you are masking a model with handrails in place, attach the end of the tape to a strip of .O lO-inch plastic and thread it under the handrails. This simplifies tape positioning. Step 23 - Next cut a scale lO-inch stripe (about . Il5-inch wide). You can make a guide strip with a semicircular curve on the end or cut around a lis-inch OD piece of tube or rod to cut a round Step 15: Placement - Position the masking stripe along the alignment stripe.

8 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 Step 16: Finished - Remove the alignment stripe, and the masking stripe is in position.

Patterns- Plastic patterns simplifycutting curvedshapes into tape and assure consistency. The three on the right are used to cut tape for masking the Wa bash PA.

Bottom Stripe - A pattern can also be used to establish a consistent stripe width.

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 9 MASKING end on the tape. This stripe masks the top side stripes which are located about 6 inches below the grill along the back half of the carbody. Use a scale 6-inch­ wide alignment strip to ease placement of this stripe. Cut Curve - The curve is cut into two tape stripes.

Step 24 - The bell-shaped nose curve (see Steps II, 12 and 13) requires a plastic guide. Since the "nose bell" is symmetric, cut only one side of the curve into the guide. To assure a smooth top, extend the guide slightly beyond the top of the bell curve, but mark the curve's midpoint on the guide. The height of the bell is measured from the top of the anti-climber to just above the headlight (lower light). The width of the bell is determined by measuring around the nose with a flexible rule. The height and width measurements are the starting dimensions of the plastic guide. Shape the bell based on prototype photos and Stripe Pair - One righthand and one lefthandst ripe are required. Slight bumps in the finish to a smooth curve. tape edge can be smoothed out once tape is on the model.

Step 25 - Once the guide is fin­ ished, rest its flat bottom edge on the T-square.

Step 26, 27 - Wabash painted two parallel white stripes on cab unit pilots. These appear to be 2-inch stripes, 2 inches apart, located 2 inches below the anti-climber on the PA's. Cut a 2-inch Step 21: Threading - A O.010-inch plastic strip attached to the end of a tape stripe is scale wide stripeand use a length of it as very helpful in threading the tape under handrails. an alignment strip next to the anti­ climber. Place the top stripe along the alignment strip, then remove the align­ ment strip and place it below the top stripe. Position the bottom stripe along the alignment strip, then remove and discard the alignment strip. Wabash also painted the anti-cIi:nbcr grooves white. This feature is impres­ sive on a model and is easy to mask by fitting "narrow stripes" into the anti­ Step 22: Positioning - With the tape still climber grooves . Anti-climber grooves attached to the plastic strip, locate the on the Athearn model are narrower than stripe on the model, then remove the Step 23: Alignment - An alignment strip the prototype, but can be widened with a plastic and press the front of the tape along the grill eases positioning of the upper white stripe. saw blade before painting. stripe in place.

Step 28- After the white masking is complete, paint the model blue. When the blue paint has dried, mask the bluet gray separation. This separation follows the radiator line from the rear of the unit to a point above the front of the fuel tank, where it drops about 6 inches into a curve. The blue/gray separation then continues horizontally to the front of the unit, where it bends slightly to a point just below the Mars light. Color separation lines are best masked with strips not more than Y4-inch wide. Wider stripes are cum­ bersome and may not cover raised detail Step 24: Measure - Burlington Roundhouse's flexible rule measures the nose bell's well . After the separation line is width easily.

10 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 masked, wider pieces of tape cover the Alignment strips in front of the 6-inch slightly above the numberboards and remaining portions of the model which drop simplify placement. The gray line masking the thin blue strip above the are not to be painted. drops slightly to a point just below the numberboards is difficult. This can be

Step 29 - Make a plastic guide to Mars light on the nose. An alignment avoided on the Athearn shell by attach­ cut the curve at the 6-inch drop (see strip made with a plastic guide will help ing numberboards after painting is com­ Steps 25, 26 and 27). Cutting this curve assure symmetry and consistency of this pleted. This also helps assure proper into a piece of tape allows a single piece point and are recommended if several placement of the numberboards on that of tape to mask the blue/gray separation units are to be painted. model. RMJ along the entire side of the model. Step 30 - The gray line stays

, i I I Step 25: Separation - The separation stripe offset is deter­ Step 26: Curve - The pattern then guides the curve cut. mined from the pattern. Th e offset is cut out of the tape.

Step 27: Finished - The separation stripe is cut to a manage­ Step 28: Positioning - With alignment strips in place, the sep­ able width for application. aration stripe is threaded into place.

Step 29: Location - Th e separation stripe is fitted snugly Step 30: Finished - Wide pieces of tape finish the non-critical against the locating strips. final masking.

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 11 � PERFORMA NCE SUMMARY I\) The more significant figures from Bob Higgin's "Evaluations"

HO, N, 0 and ScaleG Mile Scale Per locomotives of model locomotives in past issues of this magazine. The issues Manufacturer/Importer Prototype Hour Speeds: Max. Pulli,g Min. speed Max. Power (Tractive Throttle Response Magazine with asterisks are out of print, but photocopies of these reports HO Scale Diesels (over #6 switch): Speed: Force) in Ounces: at mid·Joad (volts): date: are available for each (allow days for shipment). Athearn (as-is) EMD GP3B·2 .24 126.4 2.76 3.4 Jan. 1990' $2.00 30 Proto Power West EMD F7A (& F7B) .35 98.2 4.46 2.4 May 1990 Scale Mile Per Hour Speeds: (Athearn w/can motor) (.26) (95.0) (8.92) (2.6) May 1990 Manufacturer/Importer Prototype Min. Speed Max. Max. Pullin� Throttle Response Athearn/PPW, weighted EMD GP9 .20 94.2 4.01 3.0 May 1990 ne (over #6 swilch): Power (Tractwe at mid·load (volts): �� Athearn w/NWSL motor EMD GP3B·2 .21 60.9 2.30 1.8 August 1990 Speed: Force) in Ounces: Athearn w/NWSL motor, N Scale Diesels weighted .24 61.2 3.B8 22 August 1990 Arnold Alco 52 1.9 ISlA .44 2D March 1991 CDn Cor Athearn/Proto Power EMD E7A .57 99.8 4.19 3A Oct. 1992 Atlas/Kato GE U25B (two) .29 West w/replacement 222.4 .64 2D June 1989 (.31) (189.6) (1.37) wheelsets : Q� June 1989 Atlas/KatD EMD SD7 1.29 231.9 , NorthWest .60 1.7 April 1990 Atlas/Kato EMD GP35 1.07 213.7 .61 21 Short Line .23 97.4 2.56 1.6 Oct. 1990 Nov. 1992 Kato EMD E8A .26 222.4 Jay·Bee .27 97.4 2.40 1.5 Oct. 1990 .96 2D Aug. 1993 EMD E8A & E8B .26 220.4 Atlas Alco 52 .65 B2.5 .1..12 4.4 feb. 1991 1.92 2.3 Aug. 1993 Kato GE U30C Atlas/Roco EMD FP7A .35 97.4 4.23 6.0 Dec. 1990 .48 242.2 .88 2.4 Feb. 1990' Bachmann EMD 5D40·2 .74 148.3 1.03 2A Sept. 1989 Con.(or/Roco EMD GP40 .97 112.1 2.93 9.5 March 1991 Bachmann wiN Scale April 1991 Con.(or/Rueo GP40 .29 99.0 2.91 3.2 Nevada Chassis EMD SD40·2 .82 155.7 1.25 2b Sept. 1989 (with Mashima Bachmann/Spectrum G.E. Dash·8 40C .44 113.0 1.15 51 April 1993 can molor) Key/Endo EMD f7 (& f7B) .39 145.3 .57 3B Mar. 1992 (.50) (150.3) (1.27) E·R Models (Frateschi) Alco Fa·l 1� 114.2 2.39 5.4 October1 993 (3� Mar. 1992 Life·Like EMD F9A (& f9B) 2.04 177.2 1.41 500 Aug. 19B9 1.18 81.9 3.29 3.0 lune 1991 Kato EMD SD40 (1.84) (166.4) (2.78) K� Aug. 1989 2.9 Sept. 1989 Life·Like Kato/Stewart EMD F3A (& F3B) � 83.1 4.28 Alco fA2 (& FB2) 1.19 158.0 .91 4D May 1993 (similar GP7 models ( .66) (149.3) (1.81) May 1993 Sept. 1989 Samhongsa!Hallmark EMD f3A (& F3B) OM by Atlas) (.31) (81.91 �m Q� .29 150.3 1.03 31 July 19B9 (.35) 82.5 2P 21 Nov. 1992' (151.4) (2.04) (3� July 1989 Kato EMD GP35 � Model Power! · 36.9 1.52 2D March 1990' Keystone/NW5L GE 44 Ton .17 Mehanotenika EMD f40PH 3.14 184.7 .83 3B Sept. 1990 81.4 5� 3.3 Ian. 1991 Hobbytown EMD E8A M Scale Diesels 41 July 1991 life·Like Aleo fA2 � 90.7 3.14 o P&D Hobby EMD f9A (& F9B) .25 77.1 5.79 11 June 1990 EMD BL2 .31 90.7 3.53 � Nov. 1989' Life·Like .24 �.1 12.80 I� June 1990 2D Nov. 1991 Ajin/Overland Models EMD GP38·2 � 79.2 1� P&D Hobby EMD f3B .25 77.1 5.81 I� Jan. tYYJ Nov. 1990 Central Loco. Works EMD f7 A (& F7BJ .25 72D 20.68 Model Power EMD GP9 � 104.2 2.71 1.7 4.4 Sept. 1989 (.20) (39.10) K� Sept. 1989 EMD SW1500 � 74.3 2.53 11 August 1990 M� Ajin/Overland Models Key/Samhongsa ALCO PA·l AI n1 21.85 5b April 1992 2D April 1991 Ajin/Overland Models EMD SD60 � 80.3 4� Red Caboose EMD GP9 .27 Bl� 12.78 2.2 June 1992 Dec. 1991 Weaver Aleo FA 2 .22 72B 15.31 Mantua GP20 � 78.2 3m lb I� luly 1989 feb. 1993 Weaver EMD E8 .30 1Mb 14.45 2.1 Juty 1993 Proto 2000 (Life· Like) EMD GPtB � 99.8 3M 2b feb. 1992 Spectrum (Bachmann) EMD f40PH Phase II 1� 80.3 3� 3B S Scale Diesels May 1990 American Models EMD GP35 .54 Spectrum (Bachmann) GE Dash 8-4OC 1% 87A 3M 3.4 78.0 7.85 2.0 June 1993 July 1992 Spectrum (Bachmann) G.E. B23·7 1.75 B4.9 3.17 2� Scale Steam Locomotives March 1993 o Walthers/Roco EMD SWI .21 53.3 2� 1.4 J OnHBT 2·8·2 Samhongsa/Ha Jmark .22 33.8 9.09 2.4 Aug. 1989 HO Scale Steam Locomotives JJ G Gauge Diesels Bowser (English's MRR LGB WP & YRR � Supply) B&O 0-4·OT .90 102.4 1� IB Dec. 1992 Alco DL·535E 2.67 r � 2D Dec. 1992 48.0 27.01 NA April 1990 IHOMehanotenika B&O 0-4·OT 1.42 132.0 Lionel i!: EMD GP7 .38 55.6 14.74 5.9 IHOMehano SP2·6·0 .81 77.6 1� 41 Jan. 1994 May 1991 o Railway Express Agency Alea fA1 3.79 68.2 15.25 NA July 199 o Key Imports UP 4·8·8-4 A4 62.2 M7 4b August 1991 0 m Life·like B&O O-4·OT 1.37 104.2 1.01 � Dec. 1992 G Gauge Steam Locomotives r Mantua 2·6+2 3.0 70.2 517 � June 1991 Aristo·Craft (ART) c... B&O H·2 1.15 51.9 28.08 2.0 Oct. 1991 0·6·0T NA 126.4 2M 31 June 1991 Aristo·Craft (ART) Mantua PRR 0-4·0 .94 72.7 12.13 1.6 Jan. 1992 o U June 1991 C Mantua w/Mashima 2·6·6·0 .24 50.6 2.17 and 0-4·0T .50 74.3 3� lb Sept. 1991 Lehmann (LGE) 0·4·OT JJ Ajin/Overland Models NYC 2·8·2 2.40 28.7 7.24 NA May 1992 57.1 3D lulv 1989 Bachmann OA·OT Z SamhongsaiPowerhouse USRA 2·6·6·2 .28 an .31 25.6 6.38 2.6 August 1992 Bachmann Radio- :> Westside "Classic" August 1992 Controlled Baldwin 4·6·0 r SP4·60 .49 49.1 3.24 1.7 .55 25.2 28.81 NA June 1989 I circa 1972 Bachmann Track· Scale Steam Locomotives Powered Baldwin 4·6·0 c... N 5.50 38A 11.23 1.0 Oct. 1990 3.00 177.2 1.14 9.0 Oct. 1991 Delton Loco. Works D&RG 2·8·0 III Rivarossi USRA 2·8·2 .12 40.9 17.0 2.0 Dec. t989 � lGB 2·6·0 c: Rivarossi (w/N Scale of 2.65 54.8 22.45 NA Nov. 1991 Lionel Baldwin 0·4·0T III NV frame & NWSL .12 54.5 9.6 1.8 Oct. 1989' Oct. 1991 Kalamazoo Toy Trains 0-4-0T Sagami 1420 can motor) USRA 2·8·2 .49 160.3 .66 4.5 .48 50.1 13.57 1.1 Jan. 1991 -< Kalamazoo Toy Trains 4·4·0 .B2 67.1 13.18 I.J SP 4·8·4 .18 112.1 2.31 1.9 Sept. 1993 Jan. 1991 <0 Bachmann·Plus Aristo-Craft (ART) PRR 0·4·0 .94 72.7 12.13 1.6 1993 Jan. 1992 <0 BachmannlSpectrum Reading 2·8-0 .22 104.2 2.38 2.1 Dec. and OA·OI .t> CREATE YOUR OWN KIT APPALACHIAN COAL MINE

Plans by David Prince

This compact mine serves fo ur tracks. Build it from scratch or modify the neath the tipple itself and three more on Modeling the the three tracks covered by those tubular Walthers HO scale mine kit. Appalachian Mine extensions supported by the gantry his is a "Mystery Mine." The For modeling purposes, the location crane. The fourth track may also be to only certain information we and date are less important than the fact load fine material, delivered into the have on the structure is the that this is a real Appalachian coal mine cars through an articulated conveyor. T photograph itself. The photo is and tipple small enough to be modeled one of a series of publicity shots dis­ We can also surmise that the mine is full-size on most model railroads. The tributed to public school systems by the located on the Norfolk & Western Rail­ structure is also easily compressable Association of American Railroads in road because the N&W was a favorite into just two tracks without losing any the 1950s. It is captioned, "Loading road for the AAR publicity photograph of the character of the model. It would Coal Cars at the Mine." For a modeler, series, since it was easy for the artists to be possible to use the Walthers mine kit, however, it is one of those rare fi nds: a retouch the lettering on the locomotives with a Bachmann signal bridge for the relatively small rural structure that is and rolling stock to transform the "W" gantry support, to create a reasonable capable of loading hoards of cars. into an "E" to make the equipment look replica in HO scale. Walthers is sup­ It appears to be both a mine tipple and like it was lettered for the fictional posed to have the mine available in N a coal grading plant. The conveyor to "East & West Railroad ." The peaked scale, so you can accomplish the same the right of the photo would seem to ends on the cars would also suggest that conversion in that scale. For an accurate lead to a mine somewhere. The presence they are N&W, but there's always the model, use the corrugated metal sold by of loaded cars with three grades of coal possibility that the mine was located on Builders in Scale or Campbell over an indicates that it was not just a tipple but the Chesapeake & Ohio, because that Evergreen or Plastruct sheet styrene a tipple that contained sorting ma­ road used similar ends on its hoppers. If inner shell constructed by following the chinery to grade the coal by size. you know the location and date of the simple "Snap-Out" techniques illus­ The tipple is capable of loading at photograph, please let us know so we trated in the July 1990 issue of "The least eight cars at a time, fo ur cars be- can share it with our readers. Journal."

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 13 Q) � (.) CJ) z � 0 - Q) N "w � ll.

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16 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 Industry Plans: Coal Tipple, at Paint Creek, W. Va.: Sugar Beet Factory, Utah & Idaho Sugar Prototype plans and photos and model Co., August 199 1 issue. photos appeared in the November 1989 Brick Factory, Wilkerson & Son Brick issue. Works, October 1991 issue. Coal Dealer and Silos, at Saratoga, Grain Elevator and Silos, M.J. Pritchard N. Y.: Prototype plans and photos ap­ Co ., January 1992 issue. peared in the February 1991 issue. New England Brick Mill. The Boott Cot­ Coal Dealer and Silos, at Ballston Spa, ton Mill at Lowell, Massachusetts, July N. Y.: Plans and photos appeared in the 1992. March 1992 issue. Waterfront Freight House, Baltimore, Sand Processing Plant, at Ottawa, II.: Maryland's Henderson Wharf freight Prototype photos and a plan of the build­ house on the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad ing sites and track (no side or end views) at Fells Point, October 1992. appeared in the August 1989 issue . Carfloat Transfer Bridge, at Baltimore's Creamery and Grain Elevator, at Grand Fells Point district on the Baltimore & Isle, Vt.: The second creamery at Grand Ohio Railroad, November 1992. Isle, built in the mid-Twenties of glazed Coal Tipple, North Butler Coal Company fire brick, appearedin the December 1990 on the Bessemer & Lake Erie RR, January and September 1991 issues. 1993. Creamery, at Grand Isle, Vermont: The Coal Tipple, selectively reduced North original wooden creamery at Grand Isle Butler Coal Company tipple as modeled in appeared in the March 1991 issue. N scale by Robert Retcher, January 1993. Creamery, at Newport Junction, Me.: Cotton Mill, The H.P. Hood Creame complex plans at Augusta, Georgia, pro­ and prototype photos appeared in the totype plans and photos, August 1993. March 1990 issue. Cement Dealer, near Green Bay, Wis­ Brick and Tile Kilns, Pomona Terra consin, July 1993. Cota, April 1991 issue. Cement Factory, at Glens Falls, New Sugar Beet Loader, Great Western Su­ York, prototype plans and photos, May gar, June 1991 issue. 1992 and May 1993.

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RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 17 DIESELS, ONE-DETA IL-AT-A-T IME ELEORO-MOTIVE DIVISION (EMD) GP40 AS CANADIAN NATIONAL 4007

Photo from the collection of Louis A. Marre

he GP40 was the 3,OOO-horse­ N Scale: Microscale 87-567, Northeast 18 - 1703 Marker light power B-B (two, two-axle CNR-09 or CDS N-163 dry transfers. lenses 1.10 /12 trucks, all axles powered) o Scale: Walthers 936-30790 or CDS 20 - 2202 Grabirons 2.50/48 T produced by General Motors' 0-163 dry transfers. 21 - 2204 Coupler lift bar Electro-Motive Division from No­ w/brackets 2.00/2 vember 1965 until it was superseded by Detail-by-Detail (HO Scale) 22 - 2505 .015-inch-diameter wire for the Dash-2 series GP40-2 in March handrails (plus Precision Scale Step-by-step instructions on how to 1972. The GP40 itself had superseded stanchions, below) 2.50/ 10 install many of these detail parts ap­ the 2,500-horsepower GP35 (produced 23 - 2304 Wind peared in the June 1989 issue of between October 1963 and January "The deflectors 2.50/3 pro Journal." That article is also reprinted 1966). EMD turned out 1,20 1 GP40s 24 - 3001 Sand filler hatch 1.00/4 in the book Tuning & Upgrading Ath­ for U.S. railroads, 24 for Canadian 25 - 3201 Air tanks earn Locomotives. roads and 18 for Mexican railroads. (modified) 2.25/4 The GP40 can be distinguished from 26 - 3501 Fuel sight glass 1.00/6 the GP35 and similar diesels by the Cal-Scale (division of Bowser Mfg. 27 - 6401 Brake wheel I.25/pr. three large radiator cooling fans on top Co., Inc.), 21 Howard St., Montours­ 28 - 2807 Speed recorder 1.50/4 of the long hood. The GP35 had two ville, PA 17754-0322: large fans with a smaller one in the I - 320 Air hoses $1.85/2 sets middle. The GP38 and GP39 have two 2 - 419 Windshield large fans. wipers 3.5012 pro The Canadian National Railway pur­ 3 - 420 Air hom 4.95 ea. chased 16 GP40s in 1966 and 1967, 4 - 43 1 Fuel fillers 2.50/set numbered 4002-4017 (renumbered 5 - 415 Lift rings 9302-9310 and 9312-9317). The CN (modified) units have unusual cast steps and heavy 6 - 437 Cab sunshade cast pilot as well as the winter shield or awning over the blower on the hood. Cannon & Company, 3947 Freedom Most of the other details are common to Blvd., Aptos, CA 95003: other GP40s purchased by. U.S. rail­ 7 - 1 103 Low hood with roads. brake stand $6.95 ea. Scale Model GP40s 8 - 1502 Cab with separate doors 5.95 ea. HO Scale: Con-Cor and Bachmann. The Athearn GP40-2 can be backdated Custom Finishing, 379 Tulley Rd., into a simulation of the GP40 with truck Orange, MA 01364: sideframes from a GP9 or GP35 and by 3 - 221 Air horns $3 .69 ea. filling in the inspection port (sight glass) 9 - 112 Ground (running) on the right side of the hood. lights 3.09/2 N Scale: Bachmann and Model Power. 10 - 23 1 Bell 3.00ea. GP38-2 can be modified to The Kato 11 - 270 Snow shields 8.9512 represent a GP40. o Scale: Central Locomotive Works. Detail Associates, Box 5537, San Luis Obispo, CA 93403: Paint 1 - 6206 Air hoses $1.25/6 Black: Pick your favorite. 3 - 1601 Air hom 1.75/2 White: Pick your favorite. 6 - 130 I Cab sunshade 1.50/6 CN Red: SMP Accupaint 18 or Floquil 10 - 1 i06 Bell 1.2512 110450 Soo Line Red with 10-drops 12 - 1003 Headlight 1.0012 50 Dark Blue. 13 - 2206 Lift rings Decals (eye bolts) 3.00/36 HO Scale: Microscale 87-567, Wal­ 15 - 1402 Drop step 1.5012 thers 934-30790, Herald King L- 160 or 16 - 1505 MU receptacles 1.25/2 CDS HO-163 dry transfers . 17 - 1508 MU hoses 2.00/ 16

18 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 Details West, P.O. Box 5132, Ha­ Overland Models, Inc., 6120 W. Kil­ 22 - 4968 .012-inch-diameter cienda Heights, CA 91745: gore Ave., Muncie, IN 47304: wire 1.75/6 3 - 190 Air hom $2.50 ea. 3 - 90 10 Air hom $3.20 ea. 29 - 3935 Short handrail 4 - 166 Fuel filler 1.00/4 9 - 9708 Walkway (ditch) stanchions 3.25/20 6 - 188 Cab sunshade 1.80/4 lights 6.55/6 29 - 3937 End handrail 9 - 172 Ditch lights 1.25/8 14 - 9277 Headlight 1.90 ea. stanchions 2.00/8 11 - 194 Snow shields l.50/set 15 - 9708 Ditch lights 6.55/6 29 '- 39073 Extended height handrail 17 - 22 1 MU hoses 1.95/2 17 - 9351 MU hoses' (set of stanchions 3.25/20 24 - 20 1 Sand filler hatch 1.25/4 4) 6.75/4 sets 33 - 48237 Chain 2.50/10 in. 26 - 204 Air tanks (modified) 1.95/2 21 - 9150 Coupler lift bar 1.70/2 27 - 179 Brake wheel 1 .00/2 23 - 9327 Mirrors (wind A-Line, Box 7916, LaVerne, CA deflectors) 2.50/4 91750: Keystone Locomotive Works, P.O. 24 - 9400 Sand filler hatch 3.50/2 2 - 29200 Windshield Box J, Pulltney, NY 14874: 25 - 925 1 Fuel gauge 2.95 ea. wipers $1.85/8 32 - Cab interior $9 .98/set 6 - 29210 Cab Miniatures by Eric, 32 Clarendon sunshades 1.95/3 pr. Rd. N. W., Calgary, Alberta T2L Precision Scale, 3961 Highway 93 OP1, Canada (send a stamped, self­ North, Stevensville, MT 59870: Smokey Valley Railroad & Machine addressed envelope for current 1 - 39 1 18 Air hoses $1.50/ 10 (division of Train Station Products), prices): 2 - 3968 Windshield wipers 1.25/4 Box 32, Dublin, OH 43017: 2-W5 Wipers 3 - 39084 Air hom 2.75 ea. 22, 29 - 5 Handrail & stanchion 3 - HI Air hom 4 - 39080 Fuel filler 1.00/4 kit $12.95 10 - B2 Bell 6 - 39087 Cab sunshades 2.25/4 12 - L7 Headlight 9 - 39072 Step (ditch) lights 1.50/6 15 - A8 Drop step 12 - 3933 Headlight 2.50/2 Ordering Information: All of these 16 - SIO MU stand 13 - 48277- 1 Lift rings (eye parts are available to any hobby dealer, 24 - H6 Sand filler hatch bolts) 2.25/ 12 so your dealer can order for you. If you 27 - B6 Brake wheel 15 - 39021 Drop step 1.50/2 must order direct, order the full package 30 - Steps 16 - 3904 1 MU stand 1.75/6 quantities shown, and include $5.00 per 31 - Pilot 17 - 39059 MU hoses (4) 1.75/4 order for postage or UPS and handling.

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 19 MO DELING WITH PA INT & DECA LS MDClROUNDHOUSE HO SCALE, ATLAS N SCALE and WEAVER 0 SCALE

PS -2 TWO -BA Y COVERED HOPPERS, Part III The Pennsylvania H34 Class Cars

By Richard Burg

Part I of this series, illustrating an as­ the company shops, but it bore a strong 2,500 of the two-bay covered hoppers sortment of prototype cars built by both likeness to the available ACF cars of were turned out by Pullman-Standard ACF and Pullman-Standard and HO the day, right down to having the same for other roads before the Pennsyl­ scale models, appeared in the July 1990 cubic capacity. Details such as all-weld­ vania's order, and these early examples issue of "The Journal." Part II, illus­ ed construction and the use of Z-bar of the breed varied in details from later trating examples of Pennsylvania Rail­ side stakes set the class apart as a dif­ cars. As service experience suggested road, Penn Central and Conrail cars, fe rent creature. It was ironic that this them, changes were made to the design. appeared in the December 1993 issue. last home-built car was also the last One such oddity of the H34 class was An article on making N scale two-bay covered hopper class to be painted in the placement of its roof hatches. On cars by kit-converting one of the Atlas the Pennsy's oxide red ("freight car these early cars, the hatches toward or Bachmann three-bay models ap­ color") with a "ball Keystone" scheme. each end of the car were markedly peared in the December 1993 issue. The course of PRR covered hopper inboard toward the car's ends. The obvi­ Now, Atlas is producing a ready-to-run design was changed forever when in ous reason for the change was that the N scale two-bay version of this car, so August of 1953 the road placed an original placement didn't allow for a the kit conversion will not be needed to order for 300 class H34 cars from Pull­ full cubic capacity fill of the interior of duplicate these cars in N scale. man-Standard, to be built at the Butler, the car at the top of its slope sheets. Penns ylvania, plant and delivered Subsequent orders for the H34 fol­ beginning the following April. Never he Pennsylvania Railroad had lowed. Following the H34A order for been in the forefront of the again would the PRR design, and build 400 cars in 1955 came an order for development of covered hop­ its own covered hoppers. In 1965 the H34B, also built in 1955, which appears per cars from the early 1930s. PRR did, however, design a 150-ton, T to be at least visually the same as the This is not to say the road invented the six-axle covered hopper that was revised hatch placement H34A except intended to demonstrate the possibilities cars; Certainly as early as 1911 ACF that it and later H34 sub-classes had had built covered hopper cars for of such gigantic cars. Two similar six­ ladder-type rungs on all four corners of Anheuser-Busch to ship brewery prod­ axle "Rail Whale" tank cars were actu­ the car rather than the earlier method of ally constructed, but the hopper car, ucts, but when in 193 1 the PRR began having only two long horizontal rods converting 300 class GLB coal hoppers class H48, was never built. provide the handhold function to the to class OLE covered hoppers, the The Pullman-Standard PS-2 design left end of each side (see photos). By in one stroke dwarfed all the Pennsy gained an impressive degree of accep­ early 1958, the H34C arrived, and it previous efforts of other railroads and tance as an alternative to the popular included another departure from the private owners. ACF covered hoppers during the early established design. While all the earlier From the OLE of 1931 to class H33 1950s. With approximately the same cars had side stake patterns that includ­ in 1953, the PRR steered its own course light weight, the car offered a slightly ed a channel section to each end, the through covered hopper development larger cubic capacity (2,003 vs. 1,958), H34C had side stakes of the same hat with home-designed and built cars and its all-welded construction prom­ section design across the whole car while many other roads were either ised lower maintenance costs in coming side. doing piecemeal conversions of coal years. By the time the 1957 Car hoppers or buying the early products of Builder's Cyclopedia was published, Later in 1958, the final Pennsy order commercial builders, primarily those of over 13,000 cars of the design had been for PS-2 covered hoppers was deliv­ American Car & Foundry. put into service. A good number of Cl:j.rs ered. This last group (H34D) was like The H33 was to be the last class of were also turned out by Greenville Steel the earlier H34A in that the cars were covered hopper designed and built in Car Co. to the PS-2 design. About built in th� railroad's own shops from

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January ?_ O 1994 Pennsylvania Railroad H34 series Penn Central H34 Series Pullman-Standard Covered Hoppers Pul1man-Standard Covered Hoppers··

Closs Number Series 1/54 1/55 1/57 1/58 1/59 1/60 1164 4/68 H34 256050·256349 O· 300 300 300 300 300 299 298 Class Number Series 7r10 4'" 1m H34A 257001·257300 300 300 300 300 298 295 H34 876369·876666 2 22 42 H34B 257301·257700 O' 400 400 400 398 395 H34A 8766n·876961 3 32 69 H34C 257701·258100 100 400 400 400 399 H348 876962-877356 9 35 6. H34D 258101·258600 216 500 496 494 H34C 877357·877755 6 37 73 H34E 258391 - - 1 H34D 877756·878249 7 •• 23 22 52 Tolal 300 600 1100 1616 1900 1891 1882 H34E 877756·878249 4

• Number series shown, bul no cars yel buill. •• Mosl cars remained in Ihelr PAR painl and numbers during Ihe Penn Central years.

The new Atlas N scale PS-2 two-bay covered hopper will be Th e Atlas car has a mounting pad molded into the underside of available this winter ready-to-run in a choice of roadnames as well as this undecorated version. the car to allow a modeler to fit Micro- Trains 1023 or 1025 couplers by merely drilling a hole through each molded-in dimple. This is a feature that, previously, has only appeared on the Micro-Trains box cars and reefers, but we would like it to become an industry standard.

The Prototype: The Pennsylvania class H34 covered hopper in its original paint scheme. This car was built in April 1954.

- Photo by John F. Harris frQm the col­ ' lection of Richard Burg

ly available. (Take note manufacturers, kits supplied by Pullman-Standard. Modeling the H34 They were, according to their stencilled Accurate modeling of the H34 and it's an open market.) In both and HO scale, the ladder data, "rebuilt" cars. Exactly what parts its sub-classes is easily possible in 0, S, 0 details of the cars are cumbersome. A of the cars were secondhand is not com­ HO and N scales. In 0 scale, Weaver pletely clear. They rode on Crown Cast makes a nicely scaled model of the car good deal of visual improvement can be Steel trucks which look similar to but with roof hatch and side stake details obtained by removing the cast-on lad­ should not be confused with Andrews suited to either late H34A or the H34B ders and replacing them with brass lad­ trucks. These trucks were salvaged classes. In HO, the Model Die Casting der stock, bent at right angles along one from retired quad hoppers in the H21A covered hopper has these same details, leg to simulate the prototype's appear­ and H25 classes. It is possible that other but with the closely spaced hatches typ­ ance. Similarly, the strap steps on the parts such as underframes or brake ical of early production cars. An N corners of the car can be replaced with arrangements were also salvaged from scale car is available from Atlas. S commercially available wire steps. retired cars. Helper Services has announced an S The PRR painted its PS-2 covered scale plastic kit. hoppers in a light grey color. It was In retrospect, the H34 cars were a Modeling of the later production supplied by- Pittsburgh Paints under the very successful design. Many other H34 classes in HO could be easily done catchy name "Carhide." Many of the roads besides the PRR embraced them by filling the existing end hatch holes cars were in cement, soda ash or lime as their standard covered hopper during and relocating these roof hatches service, and advertisements for the the 1950s, and more roads purchased toward the car's end. The later H34C paint stressed its resistance to the longer triple hopper versions of the cars and H34D cars could also be modeled effects of these and other commodities. as well. Today, over three-and-a-half by removing the channel side stakes A 50/50 mix of Floquil reefer grey and decades later, a fe w H34 style cars stilI and replacing them with proper size white would make a good base coat of remain in revenue service, while num­ Plastruct T -sections for the scale in­ paint. Once decalled, an overs pray of erous others have been converted to volved. On the H34D cars, one would reefer grey would weather the car, the company sand service cars or open-top have to fudge the trucks, perhaps with a amount applied depending on the com­ M of W ballast hoppers by Penn pair of Andrews ones, since accurate modity you envision it hauling and the Central and later Conrail. Crown Cast Steel trucks are not current- age of car you wish to represent. RMJ

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 21 "- KIT -CONYERS ION BUILD THE PENNSY X-29 BOX CAR

FR OM A C&BT SHOPS HO SCALE KIT AND SUNSHINE MODELS CONVERSION PARTS

By Martin Lofton, of Sunshine Models

The Pennsy's car had modified a stan­ X-29s were suffering from two major available to the Pennsy - one widely dard box car body. You can perform deficiencies: a very small cubic capacity practiced by other railroads: rebuilding. similar modifications with C&BT Shops' stemming from their short interior Experience in rebuilding box cars was kit and the Sunshine Models conversion height of 8 feet 7 inches and deter­ widespread among North American kit. iorating side panels at floor level . The shops, but previous rebuildings had hat do you get if you cross first of these problems derived from the been based largely on the USRA box the famous Pennsylvania arguments over car height among rail­ cars and their massive fishbelly under­ X-29 box car and an AAR roads during the early Twenties. The frames. Now the Pennsy would do the W 1944 standard design box Pennsy, through its chief designer and same with the equally reliable X-29 car? Answer: the Pennsy's X-29B. chairman of the ARA Mechanical Divi­ underframe. For all practical purposes, During 1948-49, the Pennsylvania Rail­ sion, William Kiesel, had proposed a the carbody of an X-29 was jacked up road rebuilt 4,500 of its venerable standard steel car design for the as­ and a carbody of the postwar era X-29s, hallmark of the railroad 's freight sociation. While the Pennsy preferred a lowered onto the frame. The new car­ rolling stockand the largest single block taller design, the X-27 , other railroads body had a lO-foot 6-inch IH, lO-panel of box cars on a given road in U.S. demanded a shorter car. To gain accept­ riveted sides, 7-foot-wide lightweight history . The result was one of the more ance, the committee compromised on a Youngstown doors, l/3/4 improved unusual combinations of railroad freight steel car design - what was to become Dreadnaught ends and a diagonal pan­ car design to grace the rails. the X-29 on the Pennsy - with its eled roof - modem in every respect. The new car, spliced from the parts of rather modest interior height. Metal running boards and laterals were two eras, was both modem and old. The The Pennsylvania was apparently applied. As was the Pennsy's practice, a carbody had all the features of postwar willing to live with the reduced capacity variety of power handbrakes were at­ box car design - 10 panel riveted sides, in the X-29, for it built more of them tached to the equipment. The new car improved Dreadnaught ends, a diagonal than any other block of cars on a single had a capacity of 3,878 cubic feet, com­ paneled roof and lightweight Y oungs­ railroad. The need for new steel cars to pared to the 3,056 of the X-29 and town doors . From the floorboards replace elderly and dilapidated wood 3,713 of the round roof cars. down, however, the car was from the cars was so overwhelming that during The truck centers of 32 feet 3 inches early 1920s. The X-29 underframe had the Twenties nearly 30,000 X-29s were and sidesills from the old underframe been retained and refurbished. The old built, despite their limitations. They gave away the car's pedigree, however. underframe was revealed by a solid were the Pennsy standard until the ad­ . The modem look abruptly ended at the sidesill laced with vertical brackets - vent of the round roof box cars, and so floor where the X-29 underframe began. not the tabs along the skirt common on plentiful that they were seen throughout To secure the sides to the old sidesill, AAR design box cars. Underneath was North America on all railroads. small brackets were attached to the the 1923 design underframe with cross­ The X-29 had another major flaw. sidesill. A bracket appeared under each bearers adjacent to the bolsters and only The design allowed moisture to be interior post - as revealed by the verti­ two cross ties under the door. From the trapped at the juncture of the wood cal rows of rivets - to support the side, the X-29 heritage was clearly flooring and the lower sides. The prob­ structure . A riveted reinforcing plate revealed by the wide truck spacing. lem became abundantly evident when was added to the sidesill under the en­ Since the X-29 truck pivot point was the sides rusted from the inside out. larged door opening, the only con­ spaced only 5 feet from the car ends, the Soon, X-29s were being condemned for cession on the frame to modem needs. rims of the outer wheels were aligned having holes in their sides just above the The rather strange combination of old with the end sill. This wide spacing of sidesill. This led to the application of and new on the X-29B didn't end with trucks gave the car a rather straddle­ steel sheeting over the rusted areas, the carbody, however. The Pennsy had legged appearance. giving the X-29s a patchwork appear­ developed its own truck designs in the By the postwar period, most Pennsy ance. But there was a better solution early Twenties. The road initially ad-

22 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 Th e plastic shell is prepared by removing the tabs on the sides. The shelf for the plastic underbody is filled with styrene. Th e bottom of the shell is smoothed on sandpaper placed on a flat surface.

The cast floor and underframe is added to the plastic shell. Sidesill castings are added into the angle created by the bot­ tom of the shell and the edges of the underbody casting. Th e sides ills are capped with cast poling pockets. Plates over the crossbearers and bolsters are added. The bolsters are drilled for mount­ ing the trucks, and the coupler boxes are added.

The door may be lengthened with styrene, door stops added and new door guide attached. The original door may be retained if the modeler chooses. Th e modified shell is resting on Sunshine's new Pennsy 2D-FB trucks.

Additional supports of styrene are added for the metal running board to be added later. Since there is a different coefficient of expansion between plastic and metal, reinforcement is desirable.

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 23 kit. Decals are specially designed for the formed of brass wire and attached with PENNSY X-29 X-29B . The appropriate Pennsy 2D-F8 use of an eyebolt. trucks in HO are available separately. A metal roofwalk is provided for vanced the ARA type Y and W designs The process of construction begins by those wishing to upgrade that portion of of cast steel sideframe trucks. When the preparing the plastic shell. The tabs on the car. The mounting points between Y and W proved inadequate, the Pennsy the bottom of the body are clipped off. the roof sections are augmented with redesigned them into the 2D-F8 trucks. The shelf which accepts the C&BT styrene. Thin styrene is added under the These were built around a sideframe underframe is filled with styrene. The laterals. The metal roofwalk is attached. pattem called the V-9036, which was to bottom of the body is smoothed on The styrene under the laterals is bent remain the Pennsy' s standard for 40 sandpaper. and attached to the edges of the roof. years on numerous trucks. Early X-29s The cast floor/underframe is added. Comer grabs are added . The supports were built on archbar trucks, but from This consists of a single casting, plus for the end of the running board are the mid-Twenties, X-29s received the the plates over the bolsters and cross­ added from styrene. 2D-F8 trucks. Along with most other bearers to give a highly detailed ap­ Air hoses and brackets, which are Pennsy 50-ton cars , the older X-29s got pearance to the underside of the car. The furnished, and couplers are added . the new trucks. When rebuilt into underbody is slipped into the shell. Trucks are mounted. The car is washed X-29Bs, the old underframes generally Details such as the brake equipment and well and dried before painting. Painting retained their original 2D-F8 twincoil rigging, which are included in the kit, proceeds quickly because of the sim­ trucks, so reliable was the Pennsy de­ and brass stirrups are installed next. The plicity of the scheme. The decals from sign. bolsters are drilled to accept the trucks, the kit allow accuracy of the model . An Numbered in the 2650 1-31000 block, and coupler boxes are installed. Two overspray is recommended. the rebuilt cars saw service for many side sill castings which contain the rivet The process of construction and more years. In 1965 , there were still detail of the prototype snuggle between painting is about six to eight hours in 4,035 X-29Bs around . So successful the bottom of the plastic shell and the lapsed time. The above steps are out­ was the process that the rebuilding con­ ends of the bolsters and the cross­ lined in the accompanying in process tinued into additional sub-classes of bearers. Cast poling pockets are applied photos. X-29s which bear little resemblance to at the ends of the sidesills. Sunshine Models is now including a the X-29B. Detailing of the body follows. The prototype data sheet with its kits that Many X-29Bs served in Merchandise door of the C&BT shell is appropriate discusses the history and operation of Service, 290 being assigned in 1956. for the X-29B, but instructions tell how the car. Since prototypical accuracy is These cars had equipment for transport­ to lengthen it slightly to give a pro­ important to many modelers, the two ing less -than-caload-lots of mer­ totypical height. The lower door guide pages of data provide a good picture of chandise. They were given a broad on the plastic shell is removed, if the car's appearance and use. Four pa­ silver band with white trim. A large lengthening the door, and a new door ges of instructions accompany the kit. tilted "Merchandise Service" graced guide of styrene added . The sidesill The Sunshine Models X-29B can be the silver band on the left side. The brackets, typical of rebuilds, are out lettered in one of three ways: 1 948 to stripe was interrupted on the right side from styrene strip. late 1950s small keystone in a circle, with a large white keystone in a circle of Detailing proceeds with the sides and 1954 style large keystone with shadow, red and trimmed in silver. The reporting ends. New ladders are provided. These and the Merchandise Service lettering marks , weight and capacity data were have the prototypical rung spacing for scheme. the standard for the pre- 1954 era. The lO-foot 6-inch IH cars. Door hardware is When ordering the kits, specify Merchandise Service lettering added a included. Bracket grabs are added on the which is desired. The kits with standard bit of color to the fleet of X-29Bs. side and metal grabs on the ends. Cast freight lettering sell for $25. The kit With the introduction of the Sunshine rivet strips are added to the top of the with Merchandise Service lettering sells Models Unibody kits, the modeler has a ends. Then a plastic handbrake set is for $29. The new cast metal trucks are quick way of adding an HO scale version added. It is finished with plastic rod and $6.00 a pair. Shipping and handling is of the Pennsy's X-29B. The concept of brass wire for piping and actuating rod. $3 for up to five kits. Contact Sunshine the Unibody is based on the cross-kitting Cast tackboards are added to the doors at P.O. Box 4997, Springfield, MO process, but the emphasis on simplicity . and ends. A bottom-mounted cut lever is 65808-4997. RMJ The kit is built by modifying a plastic shell with the necessary new parts and details to accurately represent the pro­ totype. While no attention to prototype authenticity has been sacrificed, the building process is faster. And the use of an existing plastic shell removes the steps required to assemble the body. In the case of the X-29B, the plastic shell used is the C&BT Shops 7-foot door, diagonal panel roof car with 1/3/4 improved Dreadnaught ends. Metal roofwalks are added to the kit, along with a detailed underbody and sidesill casting. Detailing parts, such as ladders, The sid de�ailing is added. New ladders, lower door guides, tackboards, bracket brake sets, tackboards, rivet strips, � grab�, sldeslll brackets and door handle are added. The new stirrups are shown. The delrin bracket style and brass grabirons, runnmg board is attached with cyanoacrylate cement, and the mounting straps under door hardware, etc., are added to the the laterals are bent over the roof edge. Corner grabs are added.

24 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 Ends are detailed with commercial parts. These include a new handbrake to match the prototype, ladders, grabs, plastic rod The underbody is detailed with commercially available brake parts. Plastic rod for pip­ and brass wie for piping and rods. The ing and brass wire for brake rods are used. Air hoses are added for detail. area above the coupler is reinforced with styrene to give the thicker appearance of the prototype. A cut lever is added.

The finished model is painted and decaled. The decal set in the kit is specific for the X-29B. A few chalk marks are included for a touch of authenticity. The straddle-legged appearance of The combination of the modern 1944 design carbody and the the prototype is achieved with the proper X-29 underframe and old X-29 underframe is achieved with the model. The close­ the Sunshine 2D-F8 trucks. ness of the trucks to the ends of the car is evident.

�- ---" -�' -' -- The post- 1954 paint and lettering scheme is shown on PRR 2790 1 in San Francisco in January 1955. Not all X-29Bs would have been repainted immediately, of course. The new stan­ dard was more colorful, in keeping with the railroads ' efforts to A builder's photo of the first X-29B, car 30001, completed in advertise. The car still rode on the Pennsy 2D-F8 trucks. Past­ May 1948, shows the unusual appearance of the prototype. or pre- 1954 freight lettering or Merchandise Service decals Construction of the X-29Bs was done at the Terre Haute, Indi­ can be obtained with the kit. - W.C. Whittaker photo ana, shops. Power handbrakes were varied, with purchases from several manufacturers. - Courtesy Richard Burg

Afterweath ering, the Sunshine reproduc­ tion of the X-29B takes on the ap­ pearance of the car in the early 1950s. Over 4,000 X-29Bs remained in 1965, some with Merchandise Service let­ tering, most with the shadow keystone scheme.

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 25 YOUR rop rips

Part of the process of applying ground foam to scenery includes vacuuming up the excess after the glue or matte me­ dium has dried. That can waste a lot of material. You can recycle the stuffif you use a nylon stocking over the extension tube of a household vacuum cleaner.

Wrap the nylon stocking around the end of the tube with about 4 inches of the stocking hanging into the vacuum tube. Wrap a rubber band around the outside of the tube to hold the stocking in place. Turn on the vacuum, and the ground foam will be trapped inside the stocking. Dump the contents of the stocking into a jar so the ground foam is ready to reuse. If you use different colors of foam or a variety of textures, you may want to vac­ uum between each application to keep the material separate. - Ron Lamparis

Earn $20.00

We'll pay you $20.00each for any idea we publish. Just send us your tip, preferably with a sketch (photos are optional) and enough of an explanation that we can photograph a recreation of the idea or redraw it. Keep the tips simple; a minimum of one step and a maximum of three steps must complete the technique. (More than that and you should consider a full-blown article.) If it's that com­ plex, write and ask if we're interested before proceeding. The ideas, sketches or photographs will not, ever, be returned, and their use, as illus­ tration or as part of ideas, is our option. You may, of course, incorporate them into fu ture articles for us or any other magazine. We pay One day you're looking at some structures on your layout and notice that some approximately days after publication. Be 45 window shades and curtains have disappeared - dropped offbecause the glue or sure your name and address are OIl each idea, photograph or sketch you submit. Mark the cement dried up between the "glass" and paper window dressing. envelope "Top Tips" when YOli submit your I found that by applying kids' stick glue to the front of the drapes and pressing them to ideas. We reserve the right to reprint the the back (inside) of the clear plastic, the material can be shifted to properposition, is material, on any form, without further pay­ colorless, and because of its composition, does not dry out, causing separation. ment. Please let us know if you do not want With a hole in the base, one can drape a window even after the structure has been your city and state mentioned (we never pro­ assembled. Window dressing makes a big difference in the final appearance, espe­ vide addfesses). Come on, share 'em! cially if the building is lighted at night. - Bob Montague

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 26 OPERAT IONS NEWAGE OPERATIONS

Jeff Lemke

interchange track. Both devices are not interchangeable. Our crew makes Part V in this series describes the subtle pauses that happen every time a real locked to prevent tampering by un­ this run regularly, and so they have BN railroad crew picks up cars at an inter­ authorized persons. They must be un­ keys for their own locks, as well as Soo change track, movements (or more ac­ locked manually before thay can be Line keys to handle obstacles they en­ curately, lack of movement) that can opened or thrown. It takes a minute or counter where BN rails meet the Soo's. make operations on any model railroad so to dig out the switch keys from Kenny unlocks the padlock on the more realistic. pockets. Locks on switches, derails and switch while Stanley does the same on bill boxes are typically the ordinary the derail. With padlocks opened and elcome to the Part5 of our railroad style switch lock, opened with a removed, the switch can be lined into series of "new age opera­ mating switch lock key . Each railroad the interchange track and the derail can tions" articles. The has its own style of key , and keys are be removed from the railhead. The W January 1992 issue of "The Journal"contained Part4 of this series, in which we discussed operating our train through an interlocking plant. This month we will continue to monitor AVOID DAMAGE the actions of the crew of BN 6143 West SWITCH CUSTOMERS CARS CAREFULLY as they work the interchange track at NX Tower. We will discuss the work our brakemen and engineer must per­ fo rm in order to safely pick up fo ur cars Impact that are to be added the westbound JUDGING Force manifest. There's more to it than meets At Various the eye. SPEED Striking Speeds Accurate judgment of coupling Switches, Derails and Locks ( Up to 4 mph is safe. ) speed depends upon correct When we left off in Part 4, our west­ timing. An excellent way to get bound consist (two locomotives and accurate timing without a watch is Car Units nine cars) had just stopped clear of the to count "one hundred and thirty­ Coupled of interlocking limits, in the siding, west one, one hundred and thirty-two" and so on as the car passes a at Destruction of NX Tower (Fig. 1). Now our brake­ stationary point. With a little men have some leg work to do. Kenny practice, counting can be done at heads for the switch that leads into the the rate of one a second. 1 mph 1 interchange track, while Stanley heads 2 mph 4 for the derail on the west end of the Ability to closely estimate speed, a time car strikes, is extremely 3 mph 9 important because impact force 4 mph 16 "NEW AGE OPERATIONS" builds up as the square of the speed. This means that impact 5 mph 25 ARTICLES delivered by a car coupled at 8 6 mph 36 mph is not four times that at 2 7 mph 49 mph but 16 TIMES AS GREAT. mph • Part 1, "State-of-the-Art" Models Damage to freight and car can be 8 64 and State-of-the-Art Operations, ap­ avoided by always keeping 9 mph 81 peared in the November 1989 issue. coupling speed within the safe 10 mph 100 • Part 2, "Model or Prototype," on range - NOT OVER 4 MILES PER adapting real scenes to match scale mo­ HOUR - A BRISK WALK. dels, appeared in the March 1990 issue. • Part 3, "Finescale Operation - the Human Element," appeared in the June 1991 issue. Burlington Northern • Part 4, "On the Road - Operating Through an Interlocking Plant, " - Missabe Division - appeared in the January 1992 issue. Sept. 1972

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 27 to hand over this valuable paperwork to as Kenny climbs the ladder, safely posi­ NEW AGE OPERATIONS the conductor. tions himself on the brake platform, and releases the hand brake. Then he climbs purpose of the derail is to keep cars from Car Checking back down. rolling off the interchange track and While Stanley has been busy with the The cut of cars being pickedup today onto the siding or main tracks. If a car bill box, Kenny has walked down to the is just four in number. A longer cut, say broke freeand starting rolling on its own easternmost car on the interchange to- 15 cars, would have likely had three accord, its wheels would roll over the track. Along the way he has been or four hand brakes applied. Whenever derail, which in turn would promptly "checking cars ." That means he's cars are left standing on an interchange derail the car bringing a quick end to its inspecting the cars to see if they are track, siding or spur, the crew will al­ journey. ready to be moved, and making correct­ ways make certain the cars don't roll ions to them as necessary. The cars are away by applying several hand brakes Bills and the Bill Box checked to see if they are all coupled on the cut of cars. The longer the cut, Now Stanley shouts to Kenny, ''I'll together. They are also checked to see the more hand brakes will be set, espe­ get the bills . . . you start checking the that brake pipe air hoses between the cially if the track is on any sort of grade. cars." The "bills" he's referring to are cars are properly coupled with angle This means our model operations should the waybills and any other paperwork cocks (valves) open (to allow air to pass take into account the time it takes our associated with the cars delivered to the through one car and into the next) . The crew to set up hand brakes on cars we interchange. The Soo Line crew would last car in the string must be checked to drop off, or in releasing hand brakes on have placed all of that paperwork into ensure that its rear-most angle cock is cars we pick up. the waybill box, or simply "bill box ." closed to prevent the brake pipe air from The bill box is nothing more than a escaping the string of cars. Picking Up Cars padlocked wooden box affixed to the With the fo ur cars checked out, Ke­ top of a short wooden post, positioned Hand Brakes nny and Stanley meet each other back at conveniently near the mid-point of the There's an insulated box car and three the west end of the interchange track. interchange track. On a larger track, two cement hoppers to be picked up today. It's time to wake up Dick in the engine bill boxes might exist, one at either end, One of the cars has a hand brake ap­ so they can get out of town ! Stanley close to the switch. Sometimes the bill plied. This means Kenny will have to picks up his radio to make the wake-up boxes are mounted to the sides of climb the ladder up to to the brake wheel call - "Bring 'em back slow, Dick." stations, towers, or other structures if platform, high on the car end, in order A moment later, the radio blurts back to they are located conveniently for the to release the brakes on this car. Kenny Stanley, "Back slow, okay." Dick purpose. knew this car had a hand brake applied hasn't missed a beat. Again, Stanley fishes into his pocket because as he walked the string of cars, The brakes are released on the nine for a switch key to unlock the bill box. he pulled on the chain connecting the cars trailing the two locomotives. Three He unlocks the box, and carefully in­ vertical brake rod to the rest of the brake short blasts ring out from the air horns. spects the paperwork inside. Confident system. Slack in the chain means the The cant of the EMD diesels is in­ of his findings, Stanley pulls the necess­ hand brake is released. A taut chain mistakable for several seconds as Dick · ary paperwork and stuffs it deep into a means the hand brake is applied and notches up the throttle to get the cars protected pocket, then closes and re­ must be released before the car can be moving . . . and then eases back as the locks the bill box. Later, he'll be certain moved safely. Another minute goes by load starts rolling. With a crunch and

- Locomotive I·, ' "" I Car in train c:=::J Car from Interchange ? Interlocking Signal

BN Siding

Interlocking Umits in Bold BN Main Track - Westbound

Figure 1: Burlington Northern 6143 West clear of interlocking on siding track west of NX Tower.

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 28 some bucking, the train slowly creeps mating cars are lined up and the with air. When the caboose was un­ onto the interchange track. Stanley knuckles are open. He pulls up sharply coupled, it was "dynamited," while the keeps an eye on the distance between on the uncoupling lever of the standing rest of the train continued on, due in part the moving train and the standing cars car to release the knuckle, then reaches to the last angle cock being closed to ; they ll couple to. Stanley and Dick go in to pull the knuckle open. Content that save the trainline air. Now that same back and forth on the radio as the mov­ the cars should mate properly, Kenny valve will have to be opened slowly to ing and standing cars get closer and steps back from the track to view the allow trainline air to reach through the closer. "Four cars ." "Four." "Two action from a safe vantage point. extra four cars so their brakes will be cars." "One car." "One." "That'll functional. Kenny reaches down be­ tween the cars and turnsthe angle cock do, Dick!" Dick applies the brakes in a Making the Joint quick fashion. Stanley has directed a handle. He can hear the rush of air as it Stanley grabs his radio and tells perfect stop some 4 feet short of actual travels into the cars behind him. Dick, "Nudge 'em back." Dick knows coupling. from experience that "nudge back" The Trainline means he's been instructed to couple The extra cars will eat up a good deal Safe Coupling Speeds onto the standing cars ever so slowly. To prevent damage to equipment and of the trainline air, and it will take some He'll release the brakes, apply the merchandise coupling speeds are kept as time for the air compressor on the loco­ throttle ever so briefly, so his train will low as possible. It is always advisable to motive to stablize the pressure through­ move just enough for it to nudge back stop just short of cars to be coupled to, out the train again. Today, this takes into the standing cars to make the joint. then slowly nudge back into the stand­ just a minute or so. It's a short cut of Dick will hear and feel the bang of the ing cars, after the couplers have been cars. But had the cut of cars been coupling he is about to make. Brakes checked for proper alignment and open longer, then so would the delay to pump release. Engine revs up for a split sec­ knuckles. In fact, when coupling, stop­ air into those cars. Without air, the cars ond. Wheels begin to ro ll. Then there's ping short of standing cars is the rule cannot be moved safely. It takes air a loud bang as the moving cars meet when those cars are passenger equip­ pressure to release the brakes, not apply standing cars . "Joint made," calls ment or any sort of m.o.w. cars con­ them. Stanley over the radio. "Joint made," is taining personnel(camp cars, bunk cars, In just a minute or so, the trainline Dick's reply. Dick knows he's coupled dining cars, business cars, etc.) When will be sufficiently charged to release up to the four cars now, but he can't people might be on board a car, assume the brakes on all cars within the "new" move them just yet. they are , and be as cautious as possible train. The four cars added to the consist when coupling. Stop short, then nudge Kenny must lace up (connect) the air were received in interchange, and due back. That's the rule. (See the Switch­ hoses now, between the last car of the mainly to this factor, it will be necessary ing Speed Table included with this original nine car train and the ftrst car of to cover one more important operational month's installment for more informa­ the standing cut of four cars. If you can rule before we can pull the cars from the tion on safe switching speeds.) remember back to Part 3 of this series, interchange track. Before moving the In Fig. 2 we can see our train stopped we talked about proper uncoupling of cars, it is necessary to perform a brake with the four interchange pick-ups about the caboose that we left standing on the test. In short, brake tests are performed to be pulled. But before the joint is mainline. At that time, our brakeman by the train crew before they leave their made between the train and pick-ups, closed the angle cock on the rear of the originating terminal, when accepting Kenny checks to be sure the couplers on ninth car to keep the trainline charged cars in interchange, or whenever adding

- Locomotive c::J Car in train c::J Car from Interchange Y Interlocking Signal

���x==r����.. � .... ------•• BN Siding

Interlocking Umits in Bold BN Main Track - Westbound Figure 2: Burlington Northern 6143 West has backed into the interchange track and coupled to four cars to be picked up.

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 29 NEor changingW AGE cars OPER and/orA TIONSlocomotives within the train consist. The brake test is perhaps the most important safety check the train crew can make and is not to be taken lightly. Whenever the train consist is changed, the possibility of an equip­ ment failure is very real, and it is the duty of the train crew to test the train after each change to insure adequate braking on all components of their train. In Part 6 of our series of operation ar­ ticles, we will discuss brake tests in de­ tail, as the crew of BN 6143 West con­ tinues its switching maneuvers at NX Tower. We'll find out just how brake tests are performed on the prototype, for this situation and many others. We 'll talk about simulating these delays on our model layout to improve operation Typical view from rai/fan perspective of a aN train rumbling down the mainline with realism. The brake test is an important cars for the Sao Line while the Soo locomotive waits on the interchange track. What ingredient of proper train handling. We we can't see in this photograph is the crew - an important part of operation from the will explore it in detail. That's next time modeler's perspective. in "The Journal. " RMJ

This not-sa-typical view tells us more. As the aN train rolled past on the mainline, the aN switchman (in overalls walking toward his aN train) hopped off the last car he was riding so he could confer with the Sao crew as to how to proceed. The other two gentlemen on the ground are the Sao conductor and switchman, while the Sao engineer listens from the walk­ way of locomotive 24 11. The decision was made that the aN would back the cut of cars down into the interchange track, stopping just short of the 24 11's front coupler. Then, after theaN crew departs and clears the interlocking, the 24 11 would couple onto the cars and pull them back to the Sao's yard. All in all, a pretty simple procedure. Refer to text for ex­ planations on the actual delays that go with picking up cars from a aN/Sao inter­ change. i

Now, duplicate these operations on your layout.

30 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 TIME CAPSULE

JUNE 14, 1952 TRAIN 117 DEPARTING SHOMO YARD

By Bill and Wayne Reid

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 31 FREIG HT CAR MODELING ATHEARN HO SCALE AND ARNOLD N SCALE 86-FOOT BOX CARS

D. Scott Chatfield These cars are effectiveLy " hauLing air" were introduced to cars and the sheet (these are called "8-door" cars or fo r profit. Here are the proper pro­ metal parts got lighter (thinner), the "quad-plugs"). These quad-plugs are totypes fo r the Largest HO and N scaLe parts cars weren't being loaded to their only used for auto parts, and at least a freightcar modeLs. There's an article on weight capacity. The solution was two­ few have been assigned to the Ford page 44 of this issue on how to derail­ fo ld: loading the parts onto separate pools. proof the Athearn cars. racks that can then be loaded into the car In theory , if the AAR classification by forklift (and such racks could be for the car is XP, the loading racks are Ost modelers and railfans modified without taking the car out of considered part of the car (even though think of 60-foot and service), and bigger cars to make up for they are removeable) and it should not 86-foot box cars as all the air space in the racks and the be used for any other lading. A car M "auto parts cars." lighter parts. classed XL has lading anchors or other While these cars were created to haul By bigger, we are not just talking lading restraints, but the racks are not parts from component factories to the increased length. Auto parts boxes are considered part of the car. In practice, big auto assembly plants scattered also significantly taller than general the railroads have not followed this to around North America, they are also service box cars. This led to them being the letter, so check your prototype. used to haul other products, so don't nicknamed "high cubes." But their Some of the earliest 86-footers had the limit your thinking. You don 't need an great length also means they hang out on XAP codes, which meant the same thing auto plant on your layout to run these curves, so these cars are actually 4 as XP. These codes are no longer re­ big box cars, but reasonably large radius inches narrower than normal cars. The quired on the carside but are still found curves won't hurt. We 'll concentrate on 6O-foot cars carry the heavy parts (en­ in the Equipment Register. the 86-foot cars in this article. gines, transmissions, etc.) and often A number of 86-foot double-plug­ In the "old days" (before 1960), auto have 100-ton trucks. The typical 60-foot door cars have been assigned to other parts and complete autos were shipped auto parts box has a single sliding door, services . BN assigns some to aluminun in normal-looking 40-foot and 50-foot though double sliding and double plug fabricators. C & NW has many assigned box cars. The parts cars were equipped doors are not uncommon. The 86-foot to pet food and cereal plants. If the car with custom-fitted, non-removeable cars carry the fenders, seats, dash­ has the big white "XP: For Food Load­ racks to hold the parts . Each time the boards, etc., and ride on 70-ton trucks . ing Only" stickers on the side, it hauls parts they carried were changed, the Even then, they often are not loaded to cereal only. General Electric used racks had to be modified. And if de­ the trucks' capacity. Most 86-footers 86-footers to haul appliances from its mand for that certain part droppee (for have double lO-foot plug doors, though big plant in Louisville to regional dis­ instance, Edsels), the cars could not be some built for General Motors service tribution facilities. Again, household quickly reassigned. Besides, as plastics have two sets of double plug doors appliances are mostly air by volume.

MILW 4776, built October 1977. Later Th ralls were riveted, but the patternis different from either of the Greenville designs, instead having the pattern used on FGE insulated boxes. Later Thralls also have end ladders and jacking pad notches at the bolsters. - D. Scott Chatfield photo, Atlanta, Georgia

32 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 CR 240993. Thrall welded most of its cars, and the lighting nicely shows the ripples caused by loading and slack stresses over the years. Riveted sides have some give to them, so they don't ripple. The double weld seams (the wide gaps in the ripples) and the indentations flanking the doors make this a mid-production Th rall. Th is car carries Ford Ta urus parts. - D. Scott Chatfield photo, Forest Park, Georgia, May 1993

The Builders 86-foot Parts Box Decals Because parts were designed around those standardized removable Champ (HO listed; a few may still be available in 0 scale) racks, the smooth-side cars all share the HB-423 Santa Fe big Holy Cross, bright red car same dimensions. These are 86-foot HB-400 B&O/C&O Chessie System, dark blue car 6-inch inside length, 12-foot 9-inch HB-4I3 Burlington Northern , green car inside height, and 9-foot 2-inch inside HB 401 Norfolk & Western "NW," black car width. Basic math shows this to be 10, HB-309 Penn Central , large worms, green car 110 cubic fe et, but all are stencilled HB-380 Pennsylvania, plain Keystone, brown car 10,000 cubic feet. No, I don't know why, and it's not an allowance for the Herald King (HO only) size of the racks. Whitehead & Kales, a B-321 Ann Arbor, DT&I style, orange car Michigan outfit better known for auto B-322 Ann Arbor Railroad System, orange car racks, may have built the first 86-foot B-112 DT&I, big compass, magenta or blue car parts box in early 1963, but it amounted B-119 DT&I, star logo, orange car to an outside-braced box body mounted BB-110 DT&I, Grand Trunk style, blue car on a low-deck flat car. SP 615200 may B-464 Frisco, "ship it ..., "yellow car be the only example. A photo of it ap­ B-372 Milwaukee Road, yellow car pears in the 1966 Car & Locomotive Encyclopedia . Islington Station Products (HO only) There were three main builders of 310-050 Conrail "Q" scheme, brown car 86-foot parts cars, and all three jumped into the market around 1964. Greenville Steel Car was always a builder of spe­ Microscale (available in HO and N) cialty cars, and 86-foot cars were per­ 87 -1, 60- 1 Roman data, white and black haps the most popular of the type . Thrall 87-2, 60-2 Gothic data, white and black Car, then a small builder that has since 87-460, 60-460 Gothic data, red and yellow become one of today's largest, ran a 87-462, 60-462 Roman data, red and yellow close second to Greenville. Last was 87-14, 60- 14 Southern, "Green Light," brown car Pullman-Standard, then the largest car 87-, 60-7 Union Pacific, "Automated Railway," yellow car builder, but parts boxes were just a 87-10, 60- 10 UP, 1970 scheme, yellow car sideline to P-S . All three builders built 87-466, 60-466 UP, "We Can Handle It," yellow car both double-plug and quad-plug cars. 87-253, 60-253 Western Pacific Greenville and Thrall also built 6O-foot parts cars that were basically short ver­ Walthers sions of the 86-foot cars, but Pullman's 22 151 Santa Fe , "Auto Parts ," red car 6O-footers did not look like its 86-foot 32 160 Central of Georgia, Southern style, brown car design. Instead, they looked more like 35260 C&O, "Cushion Underframe," dark blue car an overgrown 50-foot box . 40 141 CB&Q, red car The Greenville and Thrall designs 228 140 ICG, orange car were very similar, using the same plug 61221 L&N, large "Cushion Cargo," blue car doors (Youngstown), roof (flat diagonal 69 130 Missouri Pacific, buzzsaw , brown car panel) and ends (Improved Dread­ 71141 New York Central , large oval, green car naught). Pullman used its proprietary 77171 Pennsylvania, "Cushioned Car," brown car roof and "sine-wave" ends, similar to 89 140 SP, white oval, gray arrows, red car those used on shorter PS-I box cars. 91 121 Texas & Pacific, MP style, brown car Typical of Pullman boxes, the sides are 93290 UP, "Automated Railway," yellow car

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 33 HIGH CUBES welded, with a single seam at each in­ ternal post. Pullman also brought the side posts out from under the side sheets and down over the side sill, while the Greenvilles and Thralls had smooth sills slightly inset from the side sheets. You will not confuse a Pullman with a Greenville or Thrall. The Greenville design has tapered or A TSF 36757. Double weld seams make this a mid-production Thrall, but it has that odd 214/4 Improved Dreadnaught end. It appears to have been repainted in 1971. - stepped sills, and the bottom edge of Ronald Plazzotta photo, Blue Island, Illinois, May 1985 each side panel is beveled inward .' Ho Scale Decals - Champ HB-423. toward the sill. The sides bulge out starting at the second panel. All Green­ villes are riveted. Those built before 1969 have the lap seams all pointing toward the doors, while later cars alter­ nate the seams. This gives them the appearance of having side sheets of different widths. These later cars also have small jacking pads built into the sills almost to the stirrups, rather than the usual location at the bolsters. Thrall's version has straight sills with only a notch at each end for the stinups, and the bottom of the side panels is C&O 493955, built October 1967. The "C&O For Progress" scheme looked nice on squared off. Early Thralls have the sides these Pullmans. Most C&O parts boxes were delivered in the Chessie System welded once to each side post and no scheme. That Southern car to its left is one of Pullman's oddball rib-sided 86-footers. indents next to the doors. By 1968, - D. Scott Chatfield photo, Atlanta, April 1990 Thrall was welding the sides twice to each side post (double weld seams) and added indentations into the sides flank­ ing the doors (like those at each end). Since welded seams have no play in them, the sides of welded Thralls tend to wrinkle in short order from stresses of slack action. After 1973, Thrall started riveting the sides, using the pattern most associated with Fruit Growers Express · insulated box cars (many rivets at the seam, fewer rivets on the other side of the internal post). Riveted Thralls also have notched side sills at the bolsters, again to strengthen the jacking pads. All CNW 92088. Bright sunlight highlights the Zito yellow on this Pullman repainted in 1983. Note the doors were left silver; most shops just paint over them. The low light­ Greenvilles and most Thralls have ing also shows the most noticeable difference between Pullmans and Greenvilles or R3/3/3 Improved Dreadnaught ends, Th ralls: the side posts sticking out under the side sheets and over the sill. Pullman while a few Thralls have 2/4/4 Improved also used a 3.5/4/4 version of its "sine-wave" end. - Ronald Plazzotta photo, Riv­ Dreadnaughts. erdale, Illinois, October 1985 Pullman also built some outside­ braced 86-foot cars for other services, such as hauling tobacco. Southern Rail­ road was the primary customer for these odd Pullmans, which bear no res­ emblence to normal auto parts boxes. Out west, Pacific Car & Foundry built outside-post 86-foot cars, about 100 double-plus for Santa Fe and 100q uad­ plug cars for Southern Pacific/Cotton Belt (painted in the red/gray/white scheme). These have the same general dimensions as normal smooth-side auto parts boxes. Did PC & F built any others? Once roofwalks were outlawed, all D&RGW 63905, built September 1964(?}. Single weld seams make this an early 86-foot boxes were built without end Th rall. Just change the side sills of the Athearn model, but you'll have to bash the ladders until around 1973. Instead, they decals. - Ronald Plazzotta photo, Dolton, Illinois, July 1985

34 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 OT&1 26565, built July 1968. Quite typical of Greenville double-plug 86-footers, with riveted side panels and R31313 ends. Most OT&I parts boxes are painted light bue, but the yel/ow lettering fades to the point where it blends into the blue. - James Wa tson photo, Council Bluffs, Iowa, June 1984 have a full-width crosswalk and one long grabiron. This feature also ap­ peared on some extra-height 50-foot and 6O-foot cars. But by 1973 (when Thrall went to riveted sides), the end ladders were back. There has been no program to retrofit ladders to older cars.

86-foot Parts Box Models OT&1 26838, built March 1970. A slightly later and much brighter Greenville, photo­ In HO scale, Athearn periodically graphed when only two months old. Th ese cars have two extra lines of rivets on the produces a double-plug 86-footer that is last two side panels. Otherwise, they have alternating width side panels. HoI Wagner a nice copy of the Greenville prototype, photo except it lacks rivets. Adding rivets would be a chore. The easiest way is to emboss false rivets with a pinwheel just outboard of each seam. Or you could emboss rivets into .OO5-inchk styrene, then glue these sheets to the side. Sounds like too much bother to me. The rivets themselves are almost too small to see, but they rust quickly, and it's those little rusty dots that stand out on the car­ OT&1 26846, built March 1970. It would seem the magenta fa ded to this gross pink by side; the rivets could just be painted on, the Eighties, and like the blue cars, the yel/ow lettering is nearly unreadable by this but you're likely go blind before you're time. - Ronald Plazzotta photo, Bensenville, Illinois (on the Milwaukee Road), Feb­ ruary 1983 finished. Athearn also has a quad-plug Thrall, which is correct for early cars with single-weld seams. It wouldn't be too hard to scribe double weld seams onto the sides. With work , parts of the sides from these two cars can be interchanged to make a Thrall double-plug car or a Greenville quad-plug. A Pullman in either style would be a major kitbash, but parts from Walthers' Pullman waffle box might be helpful. Detailing the Athearn models is not that difficult, as the side ladders are eas­ ily shaved off and the ends of most 86-foot boxes have nothing more than a long grabiron. Add end ladders if mod­ eling a car built after 1973. The one EL 92088, built July 1965. This riveted Greenville was among the earliest 86-foot modification I recommend is glueing the parts cars. The Wabash car behind it is also an early Greenville. - Ronald Plazzotta coupler boxes to the underframe rather photo, Milwaukee, March 1970

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 35 HIGH CUBES

Underside of a Greenville double-plug. When CSX learned I was writing this article, the company graciously laid C&O 493770 on its side so we could see how to model the brake gear. How's that for Southern hospitality? The Athearn underframe's brake

gear is not located correctly, and check out the swing of that long dra wbar. - D. Scott Chatfield photo, Tilford Yard, Atlanta, June 1991

Roof of recently repainted early Green­ ville, showing the mounting brackets for the long-gone roofwalk, and the extra dimple down the center. Thrall used the same roof, which is likely a Stanray product. - D. Scott Chatfield photo SP 615227. Paccar (Pacific Car & Foundry) built at least two orders of 86-foot auto parts boxes with ribbed sides. Santa Fe has double-plug doors, and Espee has three quad-plug cars (some are lettered Cotton Belt). This one was in Ford Taurus service

in April 1993. - D. Scott Chatfield photo, Hapeville, Georgia

Mark Ala upgraded these Athearn cars with new paint, decals and body-mounted Ka dee couplers. His techniques are illustrated on page 44 of this issue.

Th e out-of-the-box Arnold N scale 86-foot hi-cube car in BN paint.

36 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 than letting them swivel, which usually causes derailments. Use a long shank Kadee coupler instead. Quality Craft once made wood craftsman kits for Pullman double-plug and quad-plug cars, and these show up at swap meets regularly. Unassembled, of course. Have fun . You might use some of the parts to kitbash an Athearn. A few brass models were imported years ago, primarily by LMB, with most GTW 126604, built August 1968, is modeling the "Good Tra ck Road" scheme based on the Greenville double-plug, adopted as a jab against Penn Central in the mid- 70s (though the car wasn't re­ though some had a Pullman roof, which painted until February 1985). This is an early riveted Greenville (equal-width side would not be correct. These are note­ panels). Since they serve the Detroit area, roads like GTW and DT&I have fa r more worthy to collectors because they were parts boxes than other roads their size. - D. Scott Chatfield photo, Atlanta, March some of the first brass freight cars prod­ 1992 ucted. In N scale, Arnold makes an 86-foot double plug car which closely matches the Greenville design except for the Pullman-style roof. To fit an existing underframe, the body is several feet short (only about 83-feet over the ends), and the drop of the sidesills is a little exaggerated. Walthers recently im­ ported this model with new road names. The slight length deficit is not really no­ ticeable on an N scale car this big. Atlas once made an 86-foot quad­ L&N 104615, built 1968. An early riveted Greenville. Note how the yellow paint used plug, which Con-Cor currently imports. for the name and data held up better than the "L&N" and slogan. Anybody have ideas Like the HO model, this is a Thrall pro­ on how to model this on what is otherwise a clean car? - D. Scott Chatfield photo, totype. The body is correct, but the Hapeville, Georgia (site of a Ford Ta urus plant on the old CofG), July 1985 underframe has a fishbelly center-sill. Minitrix once imported a rib-sided quad-plug based on the Paccar pro­ totype, but it has a peaked roof that af­ fects the proportion of the sides.

Decals A surpising number of decals are avail­ able in HO scale specificallyfor 86-foot box cars, though many date to the 1960's,and since the demand has been low, they may not always be in stock. So, try one of the larger hobby shops if you have a problem getting them MIL W 4799, built September 1977. A late Greenville, the side panels alternate over­ locally, as they might be collecting dust lap, rather than all overlapping toward the doors. While each panel is still the same comewhere. Several of the Champ sets size, this gives the appearance of wide and not-as-wide panels. - D. Scott Chatfield are on the "phase out" list, meaning photo, Hapeville, Georgia, July 1988 they 'll be reprinted only if the demand is there. And don't overlook sets meant for small box cars and other freight cars for the heralds to do schemes not otherwise available. The sidebar lists those decals, specifically made for 86-foot box cars.

Operations Like most specialized freight cars, these largest of box cars are assigned to pools. Railroads set up car pools to en­ sure that large customers whose ship­ ping patterns involve several railroads have enough cars , and to make sure each railroad shares in the capital costs. MP 271594, built 1968. This riveted Greenville with even width panels was repainted Railroads contribute cars to the pool in December 1982 into the eagle-an-buzzsaw scheme. - D. Scott Chatfield photo, based on the percentage of revenue each Atlanta, March 1992

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 37 HIGH CUBES receives from the customer's shipments. Since a large factory may ship to many customers, any of the cars in the pool can be sent to any destination, regard­ less of car ownership. This is why we saw Western Pacific cars hauling parts from Michigan to Georgia. Some roads, like L&W and Mopac, put the pool's code letters in the carside, a useful oper­ ating aid for modelers. Pools are useful to modelers because MP 271802, built 1969(?). A riveted Greenville with alternating panels, showing the specific cars are assigned to the pools, original Mopac Lines scheme as applied to C&EI cars. It was restencilled in February and since the route rarely changes, it 1983. - Ronald Plazzotta photo, Dolton, Illinois (the old C&EI Chicago-area yard), gives the modeler an excuse for seeing April 1986 the same car rolling over the layout re­ peatedly. If an industry is modeled that uses an 86-foot box, only cars assigned to that pool would be spotted at that plant; other 86-foot boxes theoretically assigned to other pools would stay in through trains. With the decline in the volume of auto parts shipments, some 86-foot parts boxes have been assigned to other ser­ vices. If these customers do not have regular shipping patterns, cars have to come from the general pool , or a pool that serves more than one industry. Also keep in mind that auto parts boxes re­ turning home empty are not really N& W 861074, built May 1969. One of the first Greenvilles to have the alternating riv­ empty; they carry those racks back with eted side panels. - Ronald Plazzotta photo, Dolton, Illinois, July 1985 them, so they can't be used for back­ hauls of other commodities. Since auto plants tend to locate near major cities, small railroads bought very few 86-foot boxes, (the same if true of auto racks). The low-clearance lines (B&M, D&H, Reading, etc.) of the Northeast also did not buy (or run) 86-foot boxes, nor did smaller bridge lines such as the Clinchfield. The smaller Southwestern roads (Kary, KCS, etc.) had very few, persumably because they were not part of a big pool. What is surprising is that such big roads as Great Northern, Northern Paciific and Seaboard Coast Line did not own any . Thus, it's logical to assume these cars were rarely seen on the rails of such NW 86 1479, built February 1978. This late Greenville was not hauling auto parts in roads, because they obviously didn't be­ July 1986, instead it was delivering General Electric appliances to Atlanta. - D. Scott long to any pools using them. RMJ Chatfield photo

NYC 67209, built April 1965. The earliest Greenville in our selection, it differs from the Athearndouble-plug-door model only by the model lacking rivets between the side panels. - AI Chione collection

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 38 UP 960046

UP 980046, built July 1964(?}. Single weld seams and flush side panels flank­ ing the doors make this an early Thrall, also meaning it was built with a roofwalk. Repainted at Omaha in 1983 into "We

Can Handle It. " - James Wa tson photo, Salt Lake City, May 1985 HO Scale Decals: Microscale 87-466 or 60-466. SOU 42542, built 1977. Typical of late Greenvilles, the doors are painted the same as the body rather than being left unpainted aluminum. This batch of cars lacked slogans on the right side; other Southern parts boxes said either "Southern Serves the South" or "Super Cushioned Service." This shot should give you ideas of how to weather the roof panels. Those panels near the center must have come from a different produc­ tion batch (better galvanizing), because they seem to be original to the car. - D. Scott Chatfield photo, Atlanta, April 1993

WP 86023, built?? An early Greenville that was repainted in March 1979. - D. Scott Chatfield photo, Marietta, Georgia, May 1986

WP 86098, built July 1968. The yellow "Distribution Dividend" scheme seems to have been unique to the Wobbly's 86-footers, in this case a mid-production Th rall (double weld seams, inset panels by the doors). - D. Scott Chatfield photo, Chamblee, Georgia, July 1989 HO Scale Decals: Microscale 87-253 or 60-253.

SP 615510. Perhaps the best known parts box paint scheme is Southern Pa­ cific's bright red with arrows and oval. Thrall's version has a light gray oval, while the Greenvilles (and Coffon Belt's Pullmans) have a white oval. The single weld seams make this an early Thrall. - D. Scoff Chatfield photo, Atlanta, July 1988 HO Scale Decals: Walthers 89140.

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 39 SCENIC MODELING TREES, IN FOUR-STEPS

By Robert Schleicher These preserved and dyed weeds, from Noch, are nature's gift to modeL rail­ roaders. Use them as-is fo r spring, fa LL or winter scenes, or add some ground fo am fo r fu LL summer fo Liage, then just driLL a hoLe and pLant ' em. The trees are about medium-size fo r HO scaLe but near perfectfo r N scaLe.

BEFORE. Here's the bare scene with a creek running ...AND AFTER. This is about as close as you can get to through it (the stream construction, with artists ' gloss me­ "instant" fo rests. Most of the trees are out-of-the-box Noch dium, is shown in the April 1992 issue). products, the others are Noch trees treated with ground foam.

You can 't find everything that's new simply by searching through a catalog. The only illustration of these new trees in the Walthers cat­ alog is a small black and white photo that makes them look like a pile of mesh. The trees are imported by Walthers from Noch in Germany. Noch calls them "Natural Deciduous Trees. " A large box of about 50 1 '" trees (I didn 't count them) is no. 2380, $49.99, and the smaller box of about 20 trees is no. 2382 for $22.99. The trees are about a dollar apiece.

40 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 Th e trees range in size from about 6 inches to 12 inches. The Noch trees have verylittle foliage - enough to represent Some are dyed a dark green, others a medium brown. You a tree in early spring or late fa ll. To increase density of the fo­ might want to paint some of the trunks to duplicate more liage, simply spray the tree with a mixture of equal parts specific trees. The tree shapes are similar to some birches water and carpenters' glue (with a few drops of detergent as and aspens. Paint the trunks a light beige with some dark a wetting agent.) Woodland Scenics' "Scenic Spray" cement brown spots to simulate aspen or birch trees. For most will do nicely as a cement if you really want an out-of-the-box scenes, however, you can use the trees right out of the box. project.

Dump some Woodland Scenics, Life-Like, Noch, Faller or Timberline fine ground foam in an old kit box. Pick a ground foam color to match the specific species of trees you are modeling. Dip the still-wet Noch tree into the foam, remove it, tum it 120 degrees and dip again, then turn 120 degrees The layer of foam adds just enough "leaves " to the Noch more and dip a third time to coat all three sides of the tree trees to give them a see-through appearance that is difficult with foam. to duplicate with other tree-building methods.

Drill 'As-inch holes in the scenery in the places where you Dip the end of the tree into artist's flat medium and press the want the trees. Group the trees into stands of three or more. tree into the hole. The medium dries to a flat finish and is flex­ Save the smallest trees for the background. ible enough so you can wiggle the tree free or move it into a more vertical position if you desire. 41 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 MODELING WITH PA INT & DECA LS KAlO N SCALE EMD SD40

as Southem Pacific 7347

. By Bill Pearce Prototype photo from the collection of Louis A. Marre

Athearn offe red this paint scheme on a limited production HO scale SD40-2. Now, Microscale has decals so you can duplicate the SD40 paint scheme fo r the Los Angeles Olympics in either HO or N scale with Kato's SD40 models.

hiS SD40 began as a Kato shell quicker than the paint upon it. A rings and rear headlights and number stock unit, factory painted as two-day soak in a fruit jar of Pine-Sol boards. First, the positions are marked C&NW. Kato paint being the will remove most all factory paint with­ with a dental pick. Then the raised T toughest to strip, I was forced out damage to the plastic. Remember to detail is shaved off with an X-acto. to buy a undecorated shell. I have since keep the jar capped, or your house will Finally, the areas are wet-sanded with learned the joys of stripping with Pine­ smell like a public restroom. 600-, 1000- and 1500-grit emery paper Sol. It is my experience that any com­ The undecorated shell was then in tum. The remaining marks from the mercial stripper will destroy a Kato stripped of all molded-on grabirons, lift dental pick are then drilled with a no.

42 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 80 bit. Replacement grabs are then razor saw, replacing it with the NSN shell, walkway, fuel tank and truck formed from Detail Associates 2503 part using cyanoacrylate cement. Wire sideframes were then painted with brass wire (.OlO-inch) with Xuron grabs were also added to the nOSe. The Scalecoat II paints, 201 1 White, 2026 smooth-jawed Tweezernose pliers. SP light package was then added to the ATSF Red, and 2075 Conrail Blue. I then turned to the N Scale of end of the long hood. The cast-on steps My two references for this project Nevada DS-lO kit for the SD40. This were removed from the pilot, and the were the factory styling diagrams with kit contains etched brass and white NSN cast metal plow added. NSN air the decals, and a wonderful Leon metal details, jewels, fiber optics and hoses and horns were added, as were Callaway color photo on page 391 of brass wire. The most intimidating part MU hoses made from phono cartridge Garmany's Southern Pacific of this kit is the nose section, with all wire. Etched brass details included lift Dieselization, PFM 1985. RMJ the SP lights. Placing the shell in a rings, numberboard blanking plates, and miter box, I cut off the nose with a cab sunshades and wind deflectors. The

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 43 GUIDE WEIGHT DERAIL-PROOFING ATHEARN 86-FOOT BOX CARS

Robert Schleicher Models by Mark Ala

These large fr eight cars can operate as reliably as 50-footers if you make some minor modifications.

MILW 4769

Mark Ala used a Herald King 8-40 decal set with additional data for the orange car and Champ's H8-423 decal set for the Santa Fe car. A listing of the most adaptable decals is included in Scott Chatfield's article on the prototype cars on page 36 of this issue.

he 86-foot Athearn ' 'Hi­ Derail-Proofing the Track incorporate at least a foot of gently Cube" box cars are relatively Some modelers have attempted to decreasing radius ("easements"). There rare on model railroads. Their operate the 86-foot Athearn cars and must also be at least a foot of tangent T intimidating length may be one discovered that they derailed too easily. between any S-curves. Those track reason, but in reality the models are no Frankly, if your layout has curves that design parameters apply to layouts with longer than a scale length passenger car are tighter than a 30-inch radius and 30-inch radius curves and no. 6 turnouts like the Con-Cor fluted side cars or switches smaller than a 6, these cars are as well, if only to present realistic oper­ Amtrak "Superline" cars or the Riv­ too long for realistic operation. It is ations so trains don't lurch from curve to arossi passenger cars. The prototypes possible to operate the cars on 24-inch tangent. for these 86-foot box cars are presented radius curves and no. 5 turnouts, but the Hi-Cube Box Car Models elsewhere in this issue. transitions from curves to tangents must If you do have a relatively small lay-

LWAUKEE ROAD

Two more of Mark Ala 's cars, also equipped with body-mounted Ka dee no. 5 couplers and Kadee metal wheelsets. Champ 's H8-400 decals were used for the Chessie car and Herald King's 8-372 for the Milwaukee Road car. .

44 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 out and still want to operate "Hi-Cube" sometimes allow too much side-to-side clearance. Some modelers find that box cars or simulate trains that carry movement of the wheelsets. The wheel­ metal wheelsets, from NorthWest Short­ auto parts, consider using just 6O-foot sets should be free to move about 1/32 line, Jay-Bee or Kadee also reduce the cars . Con-Cor makes both single and inch or less in the sideframes. Remove tendency for any HO scale freight car to double door versions of the lower (Plate the wheel sets and bend the sideframes in derail. RMJ C size) 60-fqat auto parts car that cap­ or out to get the proper side-to-side ture some or the propo{jlons of those longer 86-foot cars. There's an article in the February 1990 issue of "The Jour­ nal" (also reprinted in the book, Freigh t Car' Models ... Techniques on kit� converting the 86-foot Athearn 1970 series kits into the more common larger 6O-foot cars in a Plate E size car. The 86-foot Athearn car is one of the largest cars on a real railroad (Plate F size) and the conversion involves both shortening and lowering the car so the finished 6O-foot model looks very much like an 86-foot car in overall proportions. Derail-Proofi ng the 86-foot Models The truck-mounted couplers on the Athearn 86-foot box cars (and the 86-foot flat cars that share a similar Use a razor saw to cut the coupler pocket from the coupler adapter (right). Cement underframe) make it possible for the the adapter directly to floor of the car with liquid cement for plastics. cars to operate on as tight a radius as 18 inches. The truck-mounted couplers can, however, actually create der­ ailaments in longer trains and are vir­ tually guaranteed to cause derailments when backing-up. It's a relatively simple task to cut the coupler pockets from the Athearn bolsters and mount them onto the frame. Be sure to trim the tiny pin from inside each Athearn coup­ ler pocket before installing the Kadee no. 5 couplers. Check the coupler height with the Kadee 205 coupler height gauge. You may also need to file the bolster slightly to lower the car for the correct coupler height with the body­ mounted couplers. The proper procedure for mounting Kadee couplers is illus­ Squeeze the Athearn sideframes enough so there is a barely visible amount of side­ trated in the June and July 1989 issues to-side movement when the Kadee wheelsets are installed. (and, again, both articles are reprinted in the Fre igh t CarModeling . . . Tech­ niques book) . The Athearn car also needs more weight to track properly. The National Model Railroad Association Recom­ mended Practices no. RP20. 1 suggests that HO scale cars should weight I ounce plus an additional half-ounce for each inch of length. With this l2-inch long model, that means it should weigh about 7 ounces., The stock Athearn model weighs only about 41/2 ounces. You can add the additional 2'12 ounces of weight inside the body. There's room enough inside these cars for any kind of weight, from scrap steel strip to auto­ Trim the tiny tab from the inside of the Athearn coupler pocket before installing the mobile balance weights , or you can use Kadee no. 5 couplers and the Athearn metal cover. Install the trucks on both ends of the stick-on weights from Proto Power the car and check the coupler height with the Kadee no. 205 coupler weight gauge. West, Springfield Shops or B-K. Kadee makes .005- and .01O-inch-thick fiber washers to place between the trucks One final tip: the Athearn sideframes and the bolster to raise the car if the coupler height is too low.

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 45 MO DELING WITH PA INT AND DECA LS MODELING 40-FOOT PS-l BOX CARS

Part VII

By Ed Hawkins

Part I of this series, with a roster of all the cars built by Pullman-Standard plus a step-by-step "how-to" article on up­ grading the McKean Models HO scale kits, appeared in the March 1993 issue. An article on upgrading the under­ frames and updating the roofs on the McKean Models cars appeared in the November 1993 issue. Parts II, III , IV, V and VI appeared in the May, June, August, October and November 1993 issues, with an upda ted roster including more specific information on door styles and details also in the November 1993 issue.

WP 20818. - Photo from the Charles Roth collection N Scale Decals: None known. HO Scale Decals: Wa lthers 934-98220. 0 Scale Decals: None known. =I!iJlsa�r:r�

The post- 1950 roof, with raised roof pan­ els on the end roofareas, is clearly vis­ 40-Foot PS-l ible in this overhead view of Rock Island Box Car Models car 27570. - Ed Hawkins photo HO Scale Decals: Champ HN-23 plus HO Scale: McKean Models, Walthers, H8- 172 or set 8-40 from Rock Island Model Power (formerly imported by Decals, 4051 Fairlands Dr., Pleasanton, AHM), Con-Cor and Canon ball make CA 94588 for $2. 00 plus $.50 postage kits. A comparison of the models ap­ and handling. peared in the March 1993 issue. N Scale Decals: Northeast CRI&P-09. N Scale: Micro-Trains and Atlas. Scale Decals: Champ N-23 plus o Scale: Weaver. o 8- 172.

46 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 Th ese Milwaukee Road double-door cars, discussed in the October 1993 issue of "The Journal, " are still a mystery. They appear to have been rebuilt in 1975. Prior to that, cars in the 18000-21 187 series were listed as having 6-foot-wide door openings. The 1979 Rai/way Equipment Register, however, shows cars in number series 18000- 18104 (listed as 101 cars) as having 15-foot­ wide door openings. We have this photo of car 18011, and Virl Davis has a black and white photo of car 18060. 80th cars have the same PS- 1 roof, ends and doors. Ron Plazotta, however, has another photo (of car 18049) with 4-3-1 late Improved Dreadnaught ends and an overhanging roof. Itis likely that the Milwaukee Road rebuilt 100-plus of a random assortmentof old 40-foot box cars with new side sills, 15-foot door openings, lowered ladders and no roofwalks. - Ron Plazotta photo, circa June 1983 HO Scale Decals: Champ H8348. N Scale Decals: None known. o Scale Decals: Champ 8348.

LV 62845 (repainted), built September 1950. - Photo from the AI Chione col­ lection, Allentown, Pennsylvania, No­ vember 1971 HO Scale Decals: Herald King 8-854 plus Champ HD-2. N Scale Decals: None known. o Scale Decals: None known.

Th e Illinois Central's home-built PS- 1 cars lasted into the modern orange paint scheme. ICG 1010299 is in work service here, but it was originally part of series 22000-23534. - Ed Hawkins photo at Cairo, Illinois, October 13, 1991 HO Scale Decals: Champ H8-386 or Wa lthers 934-561 70. N Scale Decals: None known. o Scale Decals: Champ 8-386.

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 47 PS-l BOX CAR

SAL 25439, built 3/52. - W Whittaker photo HO Scale Decals: Champ HB-3 1 (discon­ tinued) or Walthers 934-86190. N Scale Decals: None known. o Scale Decals: None known.

"'inoi� Central 222 19 also does not ap­ p'earIn the Pullman Quilder's lists, but it is /tsted as part of series 22000-23534 in 1954 Railway Equipment Registers. It was apparently built by the railroad. - Harold Petersen photo HO Scale Decals: Champ HB- 1S0. N Scale Decals: None known, but Micro­ Trains produces car 20900. o Scale Decals: Champ OB-150.

Illinois Central 3347 may be ex­ Mississippi Central because it does not appear on the Pullman builder'S list. It was part of series 3000-3999. - Harold Petersen photo HO Scale Decals: Champ HB- 150. N Scale Decals: None known. o Scale Decals: Champ OB-150.

Soo 15002 is not on the original Pullman builder's lists, nor is it C&IM 1610� (green car) built 7/54. - Photo courtesy Smithso­ listed in the Railway Equipment Registers, so it may be a man InstitutIOn, Haskell & Barker collection #8431 leased car bought from some other railroad or built from parts. HO Scale Decals: Champ HB304 - Harold Petersen photo N Scale Decals: None known Champ B304 HO Scale Decals: Champ HB- 168. o Scale Decals: N Scale Decals: Northeast SOO-08. o Scale Decals: Champ 08- 168.

48 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 CA LENDAR

Railroad Histol'ical New Haven Railroad and Technical 1994 Events As�ociation 14-pngc fu ll-color calendars for May Prototype Railway Modelers Society News 1994 are now available for $7.50 payable to 14. Third Annual Toronto Area Meet, West the Treasurer, NHRHTA, Inc. by mail from Durand Union Station MRR Engineers Rouge Community Center, 270 Rough Hill Dennis Fennessy, 138 Sand Hill Road, Mid­ full-color, 17 x 22-inch print of the Durand, Scarborough, Ontario, 9 AM to 5 PM. dletown. CT 06457. Dr., Michigan Union Station is $IO.OOincluding Registration: $5. Contact: Jim Eager, 327 postage and packing from John Force, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Histor­ Winona Dr. , Toronto, Ontario M6C 3T2, Secretary/Treasurer, 4465 Grand River ical Society 14-page full color calendars for Canada. Road , Bancroft, MI 48414. 1994 are now available from the society at Spokane, Portland Seattle Railway February Scale West Meet, Hol­ & P.O. Bux 13578. Baltimore. MD 21203- 4-6. 0 Historical Society black and white 1994 cal­ 3578. iday Inn Union City, Union City, California. endar is $6.00 for the SP&SHS, P.O. Box Contact: Send a large SSAE to 0 Scale 8223 1, Portland, OR 97282-023 1. Great Northern Railway Historical So­ West, P.O. Box 50261, Palo Alto , CA ciety 1994 calendar is now available. The Maryland & Pennsylvania Railroad 94303. Preservation & Historical Society 1994 calendar is included in the society's $20.00 black and white calendar is $5.95 plus $1.25 annual dues (with the quarterly slick-paper June 22-24. 0 Scale National Con­ shipping and handling from the magazine) from Connie L. Hoffman, vention, The Regency Hotel, Denver. Colo­ M&PRRP&HS, P.O. Box 224, Spring GNRHS Secretary, 1781 Griffith, Berkley, rado. Contact: Frank Angstead, P.O. Box Grove , PA 17362. MI 48072. 839, Longmont, CO 80502.

Contributing to Railmodel Journal Several dozen writers, photogra­ have space for completed projects, cause only then do we know the true phers and consulting editors combine providing you have an original black value of the article or photographs. We their talents to produce Railmodel and white photograph or color slide of would like your permission to hold the Journal magazine each month. We the actual prototype you modeled material for at least 12 months (yes, do, however need your input, as a con­ (published photos won't help in this months - we are currently working on tributor to the magazine. No one on case). We are not currently searching the magazine with a cover date six­ our current list of contributors is a pro­ for prototype photographs unless they months from this one and have a rough fessional author (although a few are are accompanied by photographs of a format for next year's edition of this professional photographers); the ma­ matching model. The exceptions? Ad­ month's issue). If the material is com­ jority of the photographs and all the ditional photographs of freight cars we pletely unacceptable, we try to return editorial material are prepared by have shown, but here the cars must be it within 45 days, but stuff we hope to people just like you. of identical configuration (a 13-rib use can sit in these offices for as long hopper is not a match, in this example, as 12 months. This magazine , as described in the for cars in an article on 14-rib hop­ editorial in the third anniversary issue For complete articles, we try to pers). We try to publish these photo­ (June 1992), is the result of questions average about $60 per published page graphs in the "Reader's Roster" sec­ and suggestions from the readers . This as payment. Intricate line art drawings tion as fo llow-up to freight car articles. magazine is not "created" for the and cover photographs are more valu­ If we get enough of these photographs, whims of experts, but in response to able to us, so payment for that material we'll prepare "Part II or Part arti­ the needs of our readers. We want to Ill" will be somewhat higher. cles (as we did with he General see your ideas, your models and your American/Evans box cars in 1990) . experiences in print, and we're willing Before you write or photograph an to help you to get there ... article, send us your ideas with a note We prefer typed text, double­ on how far you can carry the article. First, we want ideas that you can spaced, with about three pages the (Will you take step-by-step photos? fulfill - we have more than enough maximum (unless previous arrange­ Supply line art? Supply matching "unfulfilled dream ideas" of our own, ments have been approved by the edi­ photographs of the prototype?) Also, thank you. You must be able to supply tor) . tell us how soon you can finish the 5x7 glossy black and white photo work and, if possible, send photo­ prints or 35mm color slides of the We pay for everything we use in this graphs of your finished work so we work, or drawings in black ink as illus­ magazine, but we must know to whom can guess, at least, whether your trations. Again, the written material is the work belongs. If you borrow photographic and/or modeling skills relatively simple; it's the illustrations photos or use duplicate slides, we try are "reproducable" in a magazine. that are the critical part of a magazine to pay the original source, but you Address all inquiries to the editor, like this. In very rare cases, we will must supply that address. We'll also Bob Schleicher, Rail model Journal, photograph the model for the article, pay you for the captions for those 2403 Champa St. , Denver, CO 80205. but that model must either be in Colo­ photos. Currently, we pay at least $7 Please, don't try to call. If you need to rado or delivered to us at one of the each for the use of a black and white discuss something personally, include NMRA national conventions, and the photo and $15 each for the use of a your telephone number, and I'll try to arrangements must be made well in color photo. We will return the photo­ call you. I call all contributors before advance. graphs within 90 days of publication if their first article, at least, is accepted We prefer step-by-step, how-to you ask. Payment is made within so both know what each of us expects photographs (that show "in -process" about 45 days of publication. With from the other. - what you are actually doing, rather rare exceptions, we do not pay in ad­ than what you have done), but we do vance but rather upon publication, be- Bob Schleicher

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 49 LAYO UT TOUR ED KUHR'S HO SCALE West Virginia Southern Railroad

By Ed Kuhr Photos by Robert Schleicher

Mainline Penn Central and Western Maryland operations with 60 loco­ motives and 600 freight cars.

he HO scale West Virginia Southern is a mainline from Elkhorn City, Kentucky, to T Connellsville, Pennsylvania. At Elk River Jet., West Virginia, the Ohio Division heads northwest to Zanesville, Ohio and the Alleghany Division continues northeast to Mt. Savage, Maryland. At Mt. Savage, the Eastern Division heads northeast to Hagerstown, Maryland, and the Penn­ sylvania District continues to Con­ nellsville, Pennsylvania. At Maryland Jet., prior to Connellsville, two branch­ es converge: one runs to Keystone, Pennsylvania, and a maj or branch heads to Wheeling, West Virginia, via Union­ town. Most of the coal traffic, which is the railroad's main commodity orig­ Photo 1 - A set of Western Maryland F-units departing Coal Run, Ohio. inates on this branch.

Photo 2 - The siding for the helper units is level but appears to be recessed below the downgrade of the mainline at Elk River Junction.

50 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 Photo 3 - Helper units are added and removed from trains at Elk River Junction.

Photo 5 - A local, headed by an up­

Photo 4 - Western Maryland trains meeting at GM Cabin. graded and detailed Athearn SW1500, heads downgrade toward GM Cabin.

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 51 other words, most of what attracted me WEST VIRGINIA SOUTHERN to the C&O was rapidly disappearing.

There is a fair amount of on-line The Layout industry on the WVS , as it is strictly a The original WVS was a double-track holding company co-controlled by the ' continuous mainline, in a folded dog­ C&O and Western Maryland. The bone. The track plan (or lack of it) being WVS's main interchange is with Penn dictated by a huge octupus fu rnace in Central, which has trackage rights be­ the middle of the basement. On one side tween Gauley Bridge, West Virginia, of the furnace was a large freight yard and Zanesville, Ohio. Traffic is handed and engine termjnal, and on the other over to the P&LE at Connellsville, to was Limeville Jet. At the junction, the Reading east of Hagerstown, and to another line diverged and went up a the N&W and B&O at Hagerstown. steep 5 percent grade ending in a freight yard along the wall. I needed the steep History grade because the track went over an The West Virginia Southern is a rail­ aisleway, and the only way I could get fan's layout, originally built with the trackage rights was to get the track high idea of simulating day-to-day operations enough for my mother to be able to walk of the C&O. I chose the name West underneath without hitting her head. Virginia Southern for a couple of Thank goodness she is only 4 feet 10 reasons. When I started the WVS in inches tall. 1973, my favorite railroad was, and still Over the years, a branchline was is, the C&O (not Chessie or CSX , but added from Mt. Savage to Blue Ridge, C&O). My original idea was to model the grade approaching Mt. Savage was some of my favorite towns and scenes, reduced by erecting a loop, and a four­ such as the Cincinnati area, Maysville track hidden yard was built. My original and Limeville Jet., Kentucky; Handley track planning nemesis, the dreaded Yard, Hawks Nest, Quinnimont, Thur­ octopus furnace, was removed, and a mond and Alleghany Summit, West new one was installed next to a wall. In Virginia ...and the list could go on. I its place, a large passenger station com­ did model Limeville Jet. (Elk River Jet. plex was installed. The freight yard, on the WVS). While I feel I captured the passenger terminal and engine termjnal flavor of Limeville Jet., this area is over consumed about half the layout, and a 20 feet long and could have easily used card order car-routing system we were more space. Quickly after planning the using. All these factors had contributed next town site, Newport, Kentucky, I to creating a monster. With a relatively realized I didn't have the space to cap­ short mainline, few on-line industries, ture the flavor, and this would be a two other smaller yards and four holding problem with most of these areas. While tracks, we were spending most of the operation wasn't a big consideration at time classifying cars and shuffling car­ that time, I did wonder, even in the routing cards rather than running trains. Photo 6 - The scenery is still under early stages of construction, how I could Not exactly what a railfan's layout was construction on the loops around Key­ realistically model areas several hun­ supposed to be doing. stone and Connelsville, Pennsylva nia. dred miles apart, with freight yards and A meeting was held with my other division points in between. three main operators , and it was agreed Era was another problem. I had col­ that following an open house, the entire and many custom-painted and weath­ lected several brass steam locos and yard complex would come down. Short­ ered cars . He also designed and built the quite a fe w diesels, many clearly past ly after the last visitor, the tear-down benchwork for the Uniontown branch. the age of steam. I came up with the started. In its place, a year later, an idea of a fictional railroad controlled by eight-track double-ended staging yard Construction the C&O, where many of the older and much smaller classification yard With the completion of Uniontown engines (especially steam) still survived and town site were built, but the most and the Hagerstown/Wheeling staging and the geography of towns would re­ important improvement was that the yard, the trackwork is complete. The flect that year on the C&O. mainline distance quadrupled. We fe lt construction is pretty standard, mostly In the mid-Seventies I made several we now had a mostly complete railroad. fabricated L-girder. A lot of spline road­ railfan trips to Pennsylvania and West About this time, Bob Zoellnerjoined bed was used on the mainline, allowing Virginia and really fe ll in love with the the group, and I can't say enough about natural easements. Some Homasote was Western Maryland. Although part of the the improvements he has made. He has used, but Upson board was the primary Chessie System, Chessie influence built a new control/dispatcher's panel material for the track base. It is a com­ hadn't hit the WM that hard, yet. The for Elk River Jet., auxiliary yard panels pressed cardboard material, and very C&O as I had known it was, however, and diode-matrix yard controls, and easy to spike into. It is easy to cut with a another story. Beside the obvious (re­ with the help of John Comer, basically hobby knife, and its 3/16-inch thickness painting of equipment), yards were rewired the whole layout. This is in makes it ideal for mainline roadbed. being closed, and depots and other addition to supplying all the super­ The track is prefabricated with code structures were being torn down. In detailed Penn Central and P&LE diesels 100 rail, with Shinohara and Peco

52 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 Photo 7 - There are some tangents on the West Virginia Southern that are nearly 50 cars long. Th is is the main en­ tryaisle.

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 53 WEST VIRGINIA SOUTHERN switches, although on the new Union­ town branch, Central Valley tie strip was used with code 83 rail. All yards and sidings and the Hagerstown line are ------tJLUCI.IONT. ...v ------, prefab code 70 track. BLue RIOCC JeT. «UC If/OCC. ...v 7 I Control for the WVS is conventional DC block control, with walk-around

transistorized throttles constructed by -- John Comer. We hope to have the entire , HAGeRsroWN, \ (STAGING)410 -'- mainline equipped with memory-type \ I throttles shortly. Visitors have asked if \ , \ I we ever plan to go to command-control. \ , Since this layout is divided into five dis­ \ , STEPS \ tinct operation districts, with only two , \ , of these controlled directly by the dis­ 1 , patcher, we feel that command-control , , , , wouldn't be that much of an advantage. , , Also, the cost factor would be stag­ , , gering, considering that we would have I.'R" CA8'W 1: to equip nearly 130 engines! t!I , ,A , ��I, ;;: /' � I Operations ', 0�' At any given time, there are a min­ ! ,�. 3 f' imum of 600 freight cars and 60 pow­ 'g� , " ered diesels on the layout. There are 22 \ '�� ,I scheduled freights and two passenger \ , � 0 \ : ', trains. All coal, mineral and grain trains \ ,tl' , run as extras. We usually run close to 40 , , trains in an operating session, with most , I trains perfonning some switching dur­ , \ \ ing their run. Four of these trains are I I I \ .WW" CASIN I \ locals, which take care of on-line I , , \ switching, and this doesn't count mine I UARTINS !TRfh', OH/ , I WH£eLING, ...v \ runs/turns and the power plant trains for , (ST,ACINC) \ Bluemont, West Virginia. We use an I , TOWCR I -Of \ adaptation of Jim Hediger's "wheel re­ , I \ \ port" system for the locals. To put it � :1,� � simply, if there are 10 cars at Warfield, ! , "rl West Virginia, we replace them with 10 V " like cars. We don't use a card system ,� " � CD I currently, but for years we used a card­ faI_s..nlNmtr" V , :1 TO STAG'NG " based car-routing system. But it seemed YARO UNDCR o• UlJ Ju/VCrlON " we were spending most of our time ,....,._aavRC., PVV shufflingcards , and since most traffic is bridge traffic or mine runs, we didn't feel the cards were warranted. It was becoming a nightmare keeping the cards in order, and many times I just wanted to just run a local or a train around the layout. With the cards, each car had to be kept in order, and it was a chore to run trains by myself. We have 32 staging tracks on the lay­ out, and I can't say enough about the advantage of the staging concept. They

simulate the off-layout connections and UNIONroWN. PA destinations, and provide storage ca­ pacity to keep the classification yards from becoming clogged with "over­ A rough sketch of the track arrangement on the 25-foot 8-inch x 47-foot 3-inch West head" traffic. Virginia Southern Railway. The circled numbers indicate the locations of the camera to record the photos. To keep everything running, we use a schedule and timetable based on real time. This schedule was developed by Dave Kates, WVS chief dispatcher-

54 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 Photo 8 - Th e engine terminal portion of the yard at Webster Spring, West Virginia, is on the right, with the mountains near Kanawha Station in the distance at the left.

Photo 9 - The combined "Hagerstown" and "Wheeling/Martins Ferry" staging yard is at the right, Elk River Junction is at the left and Blue Ridge is at the upper right of this photo.

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 55 WEST VIRGINIA SOUTHERN emeritus. A fast-clock may be a future addition, but currently train departures are scheduled on the hour, with max­ imum flexibility for connections. Most train departures are "triggered" by an­ other train's arrival. Trains are in con­ stant communication with yardmasters and the dispatcher via FM radio (Radio Shack transceivers). UNIONTOWN SUBOMSVN -'siiiiic-�iriH'-- Most scheduled fre ights perform Moryland Jet., PA some road-switching. An example would be ECCO- I02 (Elkhorn City to COnnellsville, train no. 102). No. 102 leaves Elkhorn City at 8:00PM and ar­ rives at Webster Springs, where cars are set out for ZN-38 and picked up from ZN-37 (Zanesville trains). No. 102 then proceeds to Mt. Savage, where cars are picked-up from BRCO-511 (Blue Ridge to COnnellsville no. 511). No. 102 then continues to Connellsville. Currently the modeled era is 1974, but by changing passenger trains from wv

Amtrak to C&O and adding first gener­ ALLeGHANY DIVISION We st Virginia Sou/hem Ry. Cd ation C&O diesels, the layout can rep­ System Uap resent a pre-Chessie era. Since some C&O steam era structures were present into the 1970s, it is possible for us (with Old Spring Switch a little imagination) to represent a 1955 era, so that steam era equipment can be Cowan Tunnel, IW operated, which we do on rare occa­ sions. It takes at least eight peopleto operate the railroad, although more can be util­ ized. The WVS is operated the first Sat­ Deepwater. . urday of each month and several Fridays \ Cauley Bridge, W VA . Okhorn City, KY. rRI.4 4�� Re�J l1-92-7' a year with a round-robin group, the Al­ legheny Western, that meets every Fri­ day.

Scenery A schematic view of the modeled portion of the HO scale West Virginia Southern Railway. The extreme ends of each run are staging yards on the model layout. The hills were made by forming a shell of cardboard strips overlaid with fiber screen . This is all assembled with a hot-melt glue gun. Structo-lite plaster is spread over this form and painted with inexpensive brown latex paint or sprayed with a dilute India-ink wash. This keeps chipped or damaged scenery from showing an unnatural white until it can be repaired . The rock work was made with Hydrocal, hand-carved with a razor knife, then painted with acrylics. poly fiber was pulled apart into tree-size ber of trees. Evergreen trees are a com­ Roy Hord and Tim Lucas, two WVS clumps, covered with a spray glue (I bination of Woodland Scenics and a regulars, have added retaining walls and used 3M upholstery adhesive purchased local wood we call "Live Forever," other landscaping, and Jim Gaines at an automotive store), and dropped which makes a fine tree when foliage or painted most backdrops and scenery di­ into a plastic container of blended turf­ turf is applied. viders. Ground cover is mostly Wood­ colored ground foam. These are then at­ land Scenics for greenery , with broken tached to the hillsides with a dab of ad­ Future shale, pebbles and cat litter used for hesive applied with a caulking gun. On The trackwork is complete, as is roc ks. Stream beds were detailed and steeper hillsides, the trees were cut in about 80 percent of the scenery. Many "water" was poured with casting resin . half before placement. This method al­ structures, a signaling system and a Trees were made with the "shake­ lows a flatter profile and gives the added computerized waybill system are being and-bake" method. Woodland Scenics benefit of effectively doubling the num- planned for the future . RMJ

56 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 Photo 10 - Only the trackwork is in place at MC Junction (right), but the scenery is almost complete in the long curving yard at Webster Springs, West Virginia (left).

�

Photo 11 - The curved sidings will eventually be beneath a coal tipple at Coal Run, Ohio. Warfield, West Virginia, is in the background.

Photo 12 - All of the trains are resting on staging tracks (to simulate Elkhorn City, Kentucky) that will eventually be hidden by scenery. The visible tra cks are at Cambria, West Virginia (left), and the lower level track is headed for CR Cabin around the curve in the background.

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 57 LOCOMOT IV E PERFO RMA NCE

IHClMEHANO HO SCALE 2-6-0 TEST

Robert Higgins

This model was originally produced by Pemco with the power in the tender. The completely updated model from[He has excellent performance, with a can motor hidden neatly in the boiler. The pro­ totype fo r the model is a Southern Paci­ fi c locomotive, but many roads had similar engines.

ear the turn of the century, 2-6-0 Mogul locomotives were replacing older 4-4-0 N American freight and occa­ sional passenger service. Ideally suited for schedules with frequent starts and stops, Moguls were naturals for local passenger runs. Many Moguls were working on small railroads into the I 940s. A molded plastic frame supports the Mabuchi flat 12-voIt motor, driver axles and engine chassis details. A plas­ tic worm on the motor shaft engages a 16-tooth spur gear on the center driver axle through an idler gear. The reduc­ tion gear ratio is 16 to 1. Track power pickup is by bronze leaf spring wipers on all driver tires and by left and right side tender wheels. Cast lead weights are fitted to the front of the boiler, the firebox and the interior of cab roof and sides of the cab. A lamp is installed in the engine headlight. De­ tailing and painting of the engine and tender is excellent and includes realistic appliances found on the full-size loco­ motives.

Performance Tests The Mabuchi motor from Japan has a very low current draw and is weJl matched to the Mogul chassis and the added lead weights. The result is a per­ formance rating of 4.4. The tractive force, operating noise and scale speeds are rated fine or 4.0, and the drive effi­ ciency and assembly workmanship are rated 5.0 or excellent. RMJ

58 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 Railmodel Journal Report No. 70

IHC/Mehana HO Scale 2-6-0 Mogul

Observed Performance:

Action Analysis: As Purchased

Minimum Speed (scale miles per hour) With full-wave power: 3.1 With pulse power: .76 Over no. 6 switch, pulse power: .81

Maximums No load top speed, full wave, smph: 77.6 Uphill grade maximum, percent: 12.6 Tractive force, level, ounces: 1.90 Number of cars pulled, level: 44. Number of cars pulled, 4% grade: 6.

Modifications Replaced lubricant with LaSelle No.: Added additional weight, ounces: Adjustments:

Subjective Judgements Noise at fast speed: Fine Basic shape and proportions: Excellent Painting and marking quality: Excellent Downhill run smoothness: Fine

Electronic Responses Motor current at full load, amperes: .086 Throttle response at no load, volts: 3.1 Throttle response at mid load, volts: 4.2 Throttle response at full load, volts: 6.0 Motor stall current at 12 volts, amp.: .3

Performance Ratings (1 to 5) Tractive force: 4. Efficiency: 5. Noise: 4. Speeds: 4. Assembly workmanship: 5.

Overall Rating : 4.4

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 59 WHAT/S NEW ...IN HO

Th e Walthers grain complex includes three kits: The two round bins are the grain bin kit at $14.98, the tower and pipes are the Ifyou are modeling a modern freight yard, it should include an grain conveyor kit at $14.98 (also useful in a variety of other intermodal terminal and at least one of these container and industries including cement dealers), and the smaller structure trailer lifts. Walthers' Mi-Jack intermodal crane should be at is the grain dryer at $9.98. They are all due at your dealer in your dealer right now. The kit is $2 1.99. Containers or trailers January. can be held in the lift with an optional magnet kit for $2.98 that includes small magnets for the crane and steel plates to be cemented inside containers or trailers.

Atlas is going to ship this HO scale tank car as a ready-to-run model early in 1994. It is a replica of cars commonly used to haul Kaolin for oil well drilling. It will be available decorated for J.M. Huber, Englehard or Georgia Kaolin, or undecorated. Accurail will ship this 4,600-cubic-foot-capacity ACF Center Flow three-bay covered hopper kit in early 1994. We 'll have an article on the prototypes for the cars and the model in the April or May issue of "The Journal. "

Challenger Imports is importing a series of painted and let­ tered brass E7, E8 and E9 passenger diesels produced by Samhongsa in Korea. The Rock Island E7 version was Rivarossi is back in production with new molds and new loco­ shipped in December and includes three-dimensional "The motives. This Alco C420 (but without the cutaway chassis) will Rocket" lettering (approximatley .020 inch thick, on the be available ready-to-run in mid- 1994 in a variety of road­ model). See your dealer. names.

60 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 The February 1994 issue of "The Journal" is scheduled to include:

"Hands-On" Kit-Upgrade How-To Articles:

• Real wood decks lor flat cars • Etched metal ladders and platforms lor MOC tank cars

Build a Building (the easy way) :

• Plans and modeling methods lor an overhead crane • Scratch building a New England creamery

Freight cars you can model with kits, paint and decals:

• Athearn's wood-side GN boxcar Bill Denton has recreated the spirit of the Midwest as it was served by • Walthers new PS-2CO covered hoppers • Rennselaer's 40-loot PS-O HO 40-loot box cars the Milwaukee Road, in finely-detailed N scale, Th ere's a tour of his superb • MOC's hoppers layout in the February issue of "The Journal. "

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RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 61 WHAT'S NEW ...IN HO

Rivarossi is producing two new stream­ lined steam locomotives in 1994 includ­ ing this Lehigh Va lley Pacific in black with red and silver stripes. See your dealer.

One of the Milwaukee Road's famous Hiawatha streamliners was headed, dur­ ing the steam era, first, by this shrouded and streamlined 4-6-4, (known as a Bal­ tic type on the Milwaukee). The plastic model will be available from Rivarossi in 1994.

E & C Shops, P.D. Box 567, Roseburg, OR 97470, is producing this injection­ molded plastic 62-foot wood chip car in your choice of SP, A TSF or Apache paint schemes or undecorated. It is available with either FMC-style ends or Paccar­ style ends. The smooth-side kits are available now, and the rib-side version will be available in about a month.

Overland Models is importing ready-to­ run unpainted brass PS- 1 40-foot box cars with both Superior (shown on the car) or Youngstown doors (packed with the model). Cars are available with either this 8-foot door opening or the 6-foot door opening. See your dealer. Model Power is now shipping this 2-8-0. The model has the overall feel of dozens of 1900-era locomotives so that simple changes in cab details, pilot or stack could make it a perfect replica of many consolidations. The motor is in the ten­ der, driving through the tender trucks - a solution for getting more power in a cramped steam locomotive that has been proven in Europe for decades. We 'll have a test report on one this spring.

62 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 WHAT/S NEW ... IN N SCALE

Life-Like has reduced its superb HO scale EMD GP18 to N scale. Th e per­ formance should be very similar to the N scale Life-Like FA 2 tested in the May 1993 issue of "The Journal. " The GP18 should be at your dealers now.

Bachmann is producing this set of loco­ motive servicing platforms and refueling tank and piping set in injection-molded plastic. The complex is designed so two or more can be fitted end-to-end to dupli­ cate the prototype railroads ' larger facil­ ities.

"Cambria City Iron Works " is the title of this three-storybrick building with add-on expansion buildings from Con-Cor. The injection-molded plastic kit is $22. 98.

Con-Car's 89-foot tri-Ievel Thrall auto rack cars should be at your dealer by Christmas. The first cars will be available in Conrail, SP, Southern, BN or undec­ orated at $14.98. Con-Cor has also an­ nounced Husky Stack 11/ double-stack, single-unit container cars and a series of Budd fluted side streamline cars for shipment in 1994.

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 63 WHAT'S NEW ...IN O&S

This fa rm implement dealer will be available from Ertl this win­ This grain bin set is also designed for use with Ertl's 1/64 scale ter. The structure is actually 1/64 scale, but it can be used for tractors and trucks, but it's large enough to be useful for 0 o scale. Ertl has dozens of 1/64 scale models of farm ma­ scale. The overhead conveyor can be arranged to rest beside chinery of all eras and all types, and since prototype farm a between-the-rails dump bin (scratchbuild it or imagine it's equipment often comes in several sizes, they can be useful for there) for a railroad-served industry. either S or 0 scales.

Overland Models is importing this fully painted brass replica of the Santa Fe's EMD GP60M safetycab/wide nose units. The model is available now. See your dealer.

E-R Model Importers Ltd. , 420 Dunham Road, Waterloo, NY 13165, is importing this injection-molded styrene brick fa ctory kit. The wall panels are interchangeable, so the structure can be built in a variety of ways. With simple kit-conversion tech­ niques, it can be used as a set of modular parts to build any type of brick industry of one, two or more stories. The kit is $49.95.

E-R Model Importers is also importing this single-stall brick engine house kit. It also has modular construction so it can be extended or, with some work with a razor saw and a new roof, made into a two- or three-stall enginehouse. Th e kit is $49.95.

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 64 WHAT'S NEW ... IN N SCALE

Burt Industries offers an incredible array of cast resin automobiles, trucks, military vehicles and acces­ sories in both painted and unpainted versions. This two-car set of Micro­ Trains fla t cars, complete with crane load, painted and assembled as shown, is $55.00 plus $2. 50 ship­ ping and handling fro m Burt Industries, P. O. Box 1163, Alta­ monte, FL 32 715, or order through yo ur dealer.

Hallmark Models is importing two versions of the Santa Fe 4-8-4, including this 2900 class painted and ready-to-run (with the optional extended-height stack) for $4 78. 50. See your dealer.

Burt Industries, P. O. Box 1163, Altamonte Springs, FL Mr. Plaster, P.o. Box 23066, Toledo, OH 43623, is pro­ 32 715, is shipping a series of cast resin modular wall ducing pre-painted cast resin pulp wood loads for the panels. The panels are sold in kits that can be assem­ Atlas 40-foot bulkhead fla t cars (top) and the 40-foot bled in a va rie ty of configura tions. Th is simple one­ gondolas (b ottom). Th e gondola load can also be used story "Jim's Wa rehouse" kit is $12.99, and the three­ to simula te a partially loaded bulkhead car. The loads story "Bob's Wa rehouse" kit is $28.99. See your dealer are $3.69 for two of one style, plus $4.50 shipping and or add $2. 50 for shipping and handling if you order handling. direct.

Th is N scale replica of the American President Lines C- 10 class contain­ er ship is 5 fe et 73/4 inches long and 10 inches wide . Th e model has a molded resin hull with etched brass deck details and is available only fully assembled and painted. Order direct from Intermodel, 5201 Bear Gulch Road, Wo odside, CA 94062. Th e price is $2, 995 FOB California.

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 65 FREIGHT CAR FREIGHT CAR MODELS ... MODELS ... 'EASY-WAY' MADE EASY HOW-TO: ATHEA RN, MOC, L1FE­ PA INT, DECAL, and WEA THER, UPGRADE LIFE, A TLAS ALL & KIT-CONVERT the inexpensive kits ATHEARN, MDC, LIFE­ can be made to look as LIKE, A TLASand ALL the inexpensive plastic realistic as imported brass with the tech­ and resin kits. niques in this new series of books.

VOLUME I: TECHNIQUES VOLUME II: BOX CARS HAND S-ON. STEP-BY-STEPS PHOTOGRAPHS that illustrate and describe prolessional modelers proven methods lor making MATCH YOUR MODEL TO THE REAL THING any HO. N. or S scale model lreight car an exact match lor the KIT 0 Photographs. in both black and white and color. the precise real thing. The best articles Irom Bcrilmodel Journal magazine. 01 box cars you can duplicate with inexpensive plastic or resin kits. provide detail. paint and decal data. For modelers. in N. Use these proven techniques: HO. 0 or S scales. The best articles Irom Bailmodel Jo urnal magazine. * Tune-up lor trucks and Irame�

* KADEE coupler installation CAR SPOTTERS GUIDE: * PAIHTING with: brushes • aerosol cans • airbrushes

* Decal-application Lile-Like 50-loot box cars Details West 50-loot box cars

* Rub·On (dry transler) lettering

* "Used and abused" (dents and dings) FULL ROSTERS (car number. by car number): * SUPERDETAILING any plastic car kit 40-FOOT BOX CARS. ACF-built. 1937-1953

* Upgrading plastic models to look like custom-made brass 50-FOOT BOX CARS. 1894-1932 imports 50-FOOT BOX CARS.single-door. 1941-1959

* Kit-conversion lor box cars. cabooses. flatcars 50-FOOT BOX CARS.built by GAlEvans

* Assembling cast·resin kits 60-FOOT BOX CARS. Plate "E" clearance

------YES! Enter my subscription to liThe Journal" Now! _ NEW SUBSCRIBER _ RENEWAL

I want to be sure I don't miss a single article and I want to take advantage of your ]O�ft!�Nd:�L "Bonus" offer before it expires (on November 2, 1993): 2403 Champa St. Denver, - One Year (1 2 issues plus a BONUS) 13 issues @ $28.00 (foreign $36.00 in U.S. Funds) Colo. - Two Years (24 issues plus two BONUS) 26 issues @ $54.00 (foreign $69.00 in U.S. Funds) 80205 - Three Years (36 issues plus three BONUS) 39 issues @ $77 .00 (foreign $101.00 in U.S. Funds)

BOOK ORDER - Please send me the following books: _ Copies of the 92-page paperback book - Upgrad ing Athearn Locomotives at $9.95 each postpaid. (Foreign $1 1 .95)

_ Copies of the 1 �O-page paperback book - Freight Car Models, Vol . 1 - Techniques, at $1 1.95 each postpaid (Foreign $13.95 in U.s. Funds) _ Copies of the 1 DB-page paperback book - Freight Car Models, Vol . II Box, Cars; Book 1 at $1 1.95 each postpaid (Foreign $13.95 in U.s. Funds)

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66 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - December 1993 Timeless information - the real "resource value" of Rai/model Journal - back issues are available at $2.95 per issue postpaid (foreign $4.20 per issue postpaid) Resource Center except those sold out issues listed below. Use the envelope in this issue, for your order.

Volume 4, Number 9 March 1993 Volume 4, Number 10 All Scales: All Scales: Plans: Locomotive Performance: 24 Consolidation Coal Co. Tipple on the C&O 46 Summary of all Previous Test Reports Time Capsule: . . Techniques: 34 Westbound Mixed on the Fall River Line at 36 Your "Top Tips,"' Reader's "Better Ideas" New Hope. September 21 . 1929 for modeling Techniques: Time Capsule: 40 Model Photography with "Instant" Scenery 37 Lilbourn, Missouri, September 17, 1979 using Photo Posters on the Santa Fe 55 Your Top Tips; Reader's "Better Ideas" for 37 Devils Slide, Utah, July 25, 1975 modeling on the Union Pacific Locomotive Performance: 48 Summary of all Previous Locomo[ive Tes[ Reports Freight Cars: DieselHO Scale Modeling: 52 Readers Roster of updated information on 4 Montana Rai l Link SD40-2 from Athearn 's kit previous articles Diesels, Detail-by-Detail: Scenic Modeling: 22 EMD SD45 as C&NW no. 917 59 Recreate Fall Trees

Freight Cars: HO Scale: 14 40-foot Single-Sheathed Box Cars , from Accurail Freight Cars: 4 PS- I 40-foot Box Cars from McKean, Walthers. Con-Cor or & Sunshine kits Cannonball kits 26 Swifts Refrigerator, tank & stock cars from Life-Like, Walthers & 35 57-foot RPL-Class Refrigerator Insulated Box Cars from Con-Cor Sunshine kits 52 Readers Roster of updated infornlation on previous articles 42 50-foot FGE-style Plug-Door Insulated Box Cars, from Walthers kits Diesels, Detail-by-Detail: Locomotive Performance: 14 EMD GP60 as SSW no. 9704 24 Proto 2000, by Life-Like, EMD GP I8 Diesel Test Report Layout Tour: 16 Bob Davis' Blue Mountain Division of the Pennsylvania RR Layout Tour: 38 Stuart Leuthner's West End City Scene from Design Preservation kits Locomotive Performance: 46 Walthers EMD SW I Diesel Test Report Techniques: 48 Kit-Conversion: Intermountain Cylindrical Covered Hoppers Techniques: 49 NEW Kadee Couplers for Steam Locomotives 62 Upgrade: McKean Models PS- I 40-Foot Box Cars N TecScalehniques : N FreightScale: Cars: 9 Upgrading Atlas' 50-foot Box Cars 4 PS- I 40-foot Box Cars from Micro Trains models II Micro-Train Body-Mount Couplers for Atlas Box Cars 35 57 -foot RPL-Class Refrigerator Insulated Box Cars from Con-Cor kits Freight Cars: Plans: 14 40-foot Single-Sheathed Box Cars from Micro-Train models 24 Consolidation Coal Co. Tipple, Full-Size for N scale 26 Swifts Refrigerator Cars from Micro-Trains, Bachmann & Arnold models 48 Cylindrical Covered Hoppers from C&S Scale Industries kits Diesels, Detail-by-Detail: 14 EMD GP60 as SSW no. 9704

Diesel Modeling: o Kato GP60 Kit-Conversion FreightScale Cars: 44 14 40-foot Single-Sheathed Box Cars from Chooch kits Scenic Modeling: 26 Swifts Refrigerator Cars from Suncoast & Ye Olde Huffn Puff kits 59 Recreating Fall Trees, in N scale

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 67 WHAT/S NEW ...IN HO

Con-Cor will ship these fi ve-car sets of the Gunderson Maxi-Stack five -unit articula ted container well cars. The plastic models include cast metal X-braces in the wells for weight and will be available painted and ready-to-run this fa ll.

Con-Cor is now shipping these HO scale International Harvester 4600 V-Haul trucks. Th e unique bill­ boards for all 50 states will eventu­ ally be available in this collector's series. $13.98 at your dealer.

Sunshine Models, Box 4097, Springfield, MO 65808-4997, is now shipping cast resin kits to recreate the 1932 ARA-design 40-foot box cars with ra dial roofs used by the Canadian Pa cific and the Chesapeake & Ohio. Th e kits are $25 less trucks and couplers, plus $3. 00 shipping and handling. Sp ecify CP or C&O when you order.

Sunshine Models is also shipping this cast resin kit to build General American 37-foot wooden meat reefers. Th ese cars are available with decals to match the Oscar Mayer lettering for $25. 00 (less trucks and couplers) plus $3.50 shipping and handling.

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 68 Timeless information - the real "resource value" of Railmodel Journal - back Resource Center issues are available at $2.95 per issue postpaid (foreign $4.20 per issue postpaid) except those sold out issues listed below. Use the envelope in this issue, fo r your order.

January 1992 Volume 3, Number 8 February 1992 Volume 3, Number 9 Table of Contents Table of Contents All Scales All Scales Techniques, for better and easier modeling: Model-a-Junction: Cache Junction, Utah Assembling . . Etched-Brass Car Kits Operations: Basic Airbrush Painting and Weathering At Cache Junction, Utah YOUR Top Tips, Reader's "Better Ideas " for modeling Walk-Around Throttle Test XIV: GML Enterprises WA Consists: Maine Central Freight KW- I at Brunswick, August 3, 1966 July 27, 1982, Bartlett, Vermont Techniques, for better and easier modeling: YOUR "Top Tips", Readers' "Better Ideas"

Operations: June 26, 1965, Southern Pacific Milepost 322, California On the Road - Operations Through all Interlocking Plant Consists (car-by-car identification for modelers): Bear River Canyoll, Utah. June 18, 1950 Industry, intended for Modelers: M.J. Pritchard' s Minneapolis Grain Elevator Scenic Modeling Methods: Scene-Specific Scenery Plans Tree- Building: Modeling Maples M.J. Pritchard' s Minneapolis Grain Elevator HO Scale Walk-Around Throttle Test XIII: IITC Innovator 2000 MODEL "Diesels, Detail-by-Detail": EMD GP40-2 on the D&RGW

Freight Cars: WM and Anathracite Roads' "Fishbelly" Hoppers (Stewart) HO Scale D&RGW Caboose (Overland brass) by Mike Elkin FMC SO-foot Double-Door Box Cars (Athearn) MODEL "Diesels, Detail-by-Detai l ": EMD SD40-2B on the BN General American/Evans SO-foot box cars, part Vlll Diesels, Detail-by-Detail, EMD GP7 on the Maine Central Diesels, Detail-by-Detail: Fairbanks-Morse H-IO-44 on the Pennsy Techniques, for better and easier modeling: Etched Metal Roofwalks for HO scale kits Atlas' Structure Contest Kit-Conversion Winners Locomotives-in-Action, Test/Evaluate: Freight Cars: Spectrum (Bachmann) EMD F40PH 34-foot ACF-built Covered Hoppers, part VI Summary of All Previous Test Reports 34-foot ACF Covered Hopper as SHPX, by Todd Sullivan What's New, in HO Scale Life-Like's All-Door Thrall-built Box Cars by R. Yaremko Santa Fe Rr-S through II Reefers from Sunshine Models N Scale ' YOUR Layout, On Tour: Bob Rivard's Soo Line Diesels, Detail-by-Detail: Fairbanks-Morse H·IO-44 Freight Cars: 4550 Cylindrical Covered Hoppers (C&S Industries) N Scale General American/Evans SO-foot box cars, part VIII MODEL "Diesels, Detail-by-Detail" : EMD GPSO on the Cotton Belt YOUR Layout, On Tour: Robert Fletcher's Caroletown Connecting RR Diesels, Detail-by-Detail, EMD GP7 on the Maine Central What's New, in N Scale Freight Cars: o Scale 34-foot ACF-built Covered Hoppers, part VI Freight Cars: General American/Evans 50-foot box cars, part VIII G Scale What's New, in 0 Scale Locomotives-in-Action, Test/Evaluate: G Scale (Gauge 1) Aristo·Craft (ART) PRR 0-4-0 and 0-4-0T Switchers What's New, in G Scale 69 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 o- Champ-ion Decal Co. . Order your copy of MODEL RAILROAD PRODUCTS 9520 E. Napier Ave. 8el11011 Harbor. Mich. 49022 CATA(HO & 0 ScaleLOG Decals #90 Dilly) TM-67 TRACTION

We do ALLOUR OWN research, design and MOTOR printing to give you superior quality decals with the tractioll LONGEST SHELF LIFE , , F

Also available are our Freight Car Lettering Plan Books (#2 & �3) At your local hobby shol' or order dire(·t. $7.00 each Postpaid for fourth class mail $3.00-rcflUl(\ahle with $5.00 IIn.ler) P.O. Box 1 178G - Minot. North Dakota 58702

DIESEL ENGINE SHELLS NEW! HO SD7oR9 SCALE • Choose Accessories to make SD70rSD9 • Dynamic and Non Dynamic Versions • Fits our own SD7/9 Chassis • Can Fit Modified Athearn Chassis Stainless Steel Walkways • Athearn Truck Compatible with brass details for the • Stock at Dealers in June CF-7, 8-40B, 8-40W, SD60, SD60M A-Line Husky Stack Car and SD7/9 Die Cast Chassis' il.1 Stock #151 $7.75 each C32-8, C30-7, SD60, B23-7, CF-7 Available at your local dealer or direct. (Add $1.50 S&H) 8-40B, 8-40B DMY Unit, SD45 Send on SSAE for complete product newsletter GP35, 8-40CW, 8-40CW (SF Cab) Dealers welcome SD60M And Now SD7/9

• Check your Local Shop for our Products Plano270 1Model W. 15th. Pr St.oduc ts • LSSAE for Product List and Accessories • Dealer InquiresMost Welcome Suite 113 Plano, TX 75075 Rail Power Products 7283 N. Stagecoach Drive NEW Park City, Ut 84060 CATALOG #1 1 & 801-649-9889 PhonelFAX APPLICATIONS GUIDE. ~ Expanded To pages. Electronics for 64 ALL SCALES and ALL GAUGES. Systems for AC or DC track power !

Send $6.50 postpaid. (U.S. funds only)

PRECISION MA STERS GIVES AWAY CA RS . CONGRATULATIONS TO: DENNIS MILLER DENNIS MILLER DENNIS MILLER WIL LIAM ANGUS WIL LIAM ANGUS WIL LIAM ANGUS BYRON REDBURN BYRON REDBURN BYRON REDBURN

They were the first to receive one of our "THANK YOU FOR PURCHASING OUR PRODUCTS" 3-bay cov­ ered hopper cars. You too may be one of the lucky modelers to earn this car. A limited number of Certificates for a free Special Run Car have been inserted inside the cars in our most recent releases. Some of the certificates have an EXPIRATION DATE OF JANUARY 1, 1994, SO DON'T DELA Y IN RETURNING THEM. This car is a promotional car, not for sale.

PRECISION MA STERS, INC. P.O. BOX 28094 Lakewood, CO 80228-0010

70 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 BIIIII����� � -""'" � -""'" -""'" -""'"-""'" -""'" -"""'""f. -""'" 55' 3-Bay jI! Covered Hopper � 16 rib 4740 cu. ft. � #1532 � Trucks & Detail Wisconsin Central � Parts from Cars are painted Light Gray with � EAST RN CAR Red and B lack Letters Road nos. 82871, 82873 � � WORKS INC. Single Car $9.00 For update on new models and 8-page catalog send $1.00 for postage to: � � � Precision Masters, In c., P.O. Box 28094, Lakewood, CO 80228-00 10 PASSENGER TRUCKS � 6-36 inch axlesets � -""'" -""'"� -""'" """"" -""'" � � 90009001 P.R.R. 20-P5 truck � �� -""'"""""" -""'" � """"" -""'" -""'" � 9002 Commonwealth 9003 Pullman-Standard Lightweight 9004 Commonwealth swing motion 9005 Pullman-Standard 9006 Taylor 901 1 P.R.R. 3D-P1 ,3D-P7 Trackside Parts FREIGHT TRUCKS IS 907 Instrument Shed 6'x8' 9050 4-33 inch axlesets 9051 Barber-Bettendorf caboose IS 908 Instrument Shed 5'x?' 9052 Taylor 70-ton caboose/freight 9053 Bettendorf friction bearing At Your Dea'ers 9054 Barber S-2 ��� ��� NEW RELEASE 9055 Birdsboro/Andrews caboose/lreight 33" Wheelsets with Built In bearing conversion 9056 Bettendorf roller 10,000 Ohm Resistors 9057 Pyle-National B-1 , IDJIE.']rAITlL§ Item #1 108 is a package of (12) 33" 9070 6-33 Inch Axle Sets 9071 Commonwealth Integral �r? : Dia. brass wheelsets, pointed brass POW�§F BOX S132 Pedestal /:r:.!l. � HA'CIENDA HEIGHTS. CA axles with a semiconductive insula­ tor that gives a resistance in the � 9174S DETAILS PARTS 10,000 Ohm range. These wheel­ sets are for use on layouts that have 9100M&K Balla st doors 9101 P.R.R. ice air conditioner block signal systems that require a 9102 Passenger car roof vents current flow to detect the presence 9103 PRR/PULLMAN undercar details of a train in the block. With these 9104 N.H. undercar detai ls wheelsets installed in the rolling 9105 Covered Hopper details stock of a train, it is possible to de­ 9106 Caboose Grab Irons tect the presence of train, even after 9107 Caboose detail parts the locomotive has left the block. 9108 Wi ndows Bowser N5c caboose #1 108 lists for $15.50/p k. This item will be available in January of 1994. Send SSAE for list of kits HIGH LEVEL prices SWITCH STAND Item #1 106 36" Wheelsets with & Molded all pillS for dtrect connection • Built In 10,000 Ohm Resistors 2 pins lor selective mounting - Dealer Inquiries :;,�,. hancllc rotation tUInS targets 90° •• 1800 This item is the same as #1 108, but j <: In vited - 025 dla rod lor 8 high large! May be POSSible to operate largets has 36" Dia. brass wheels. Item lio'1r below the table #1 106 lists for $16.00/pk. and will be Model 2011$ has mtelnal starnless steel available in January Df 1994. Eastemcar1NbrksH springs for Ill(lcllme overtlavel and turn· P.O. Box "L" 624 Langhorne, PA 19047 out pornt tenSion 703 1 - 60181 6 molded ABS targets slrpplJed P.o. Box Villa Park, Illinois Decorme as you require (708) 833-1396

HO Scale with .190" travel 103R Rigid Stand ...... 54.08 (Supply VOtJr own sprlfJg) 7""3 Spring Stand . . . 54 . 65 Add S 1 00 handling per ordel 1*1IL ,05l{len's add 6' ,0, salos 'a,

The Teen Association of Model RaIlroadIng IS dedIcated 10 helping

ProtoypeColumbia Steam Gorge Expr in essAction! AU!.!lI�t 1-i-20. 1994 (503) "88-5289

1028 Whaley Rd.• R. 4, New Carlisle, Ohio45344

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 71 HO SCALE STEPS and LADDERS INCLUDES TEN STYLES PER PACKAGE

HO DIESELS 87612 F-2 EMD SD-45 & U28C Power Chassis Kit with Flywheel $52.50

77408F - Universal "Geep" Power Chassis Kit with Flywheel (4 Wheel Trucks) $52.50 hobbytown of BOSTON P.O. 5135 A. OPEN RISER STAIR CASE (Appru 24") B. CLOSED RISER STAIR CASE (Appro•. 24") HOLL YWOOD, •. FLA. 33083 C. WOOO LADDER STOCK (Appro 24") D. STEEl LADDER STOCK (ApproL 24") send SSAE for catalog E. 10 FT. STEP LADDER (2 PC.) (4 items) F. STEEl LADDER LOOP TOPS (4 pair) and information G. WOOD LADDER - ROUND RUNG (4 items) H. WOOD LADDER - SLAT RUNG (4 items) I. FREIGHT CAR LADDER (8 items) I. WOOD STAIR RAILING (Appro •. 24") Each one of these items reflects the same attention to detail as our famous Pratt Truss Bridge and our more recent Fence and Railing. Packed 4 sets per packageand 10 slyles(ltem I is duplicated) lora total of II per set or a total of items. Adaptable to various uses. Formed of $495 Styrene Plastic 44they're rugged, easily cemented and painted. OTHER CENTRAL VA LLEY QUALITY PRODUCTS STYRENE PLASTIC OUR WOOD BRfDGE TIE SECTIONS BOX GIRDERS (lor scratch buildeffi) fENCE and RAILING Ask to see them as well as all C.V. products WILL HELP at your local hobby shop Send SASE for additional information. Check future ads for other new items to come YO U This is the SECOND in a series of new items to be offered. START FROM N Scale • SCRATCH. Products " Since 1946 we've helped ser­ ious modelers start smoothly and finish with prodigious results. TOMIX-KATO-GREEN MAX We offer an extensive line of See Your Dealer or Write to: fine wood, laser cut components and structural shapes for you to Columbia Gorge Express build better with. Precision MOKEI IMPORTS August 14-20. 1994 6950 Kingsbury, St. Louis 63130 (503) 288-5289 crafted. Uncompromised qual­ ity. Send $1 .00 now for our new catalog.

P.O. Box 727RMJ Radio Controlled Throttle Methuen, MA • 6 frequencies 01 844 Multi channel/frequency 508-688-601 9 • • 100 + ft. range • 2 amp capacity

• Momentum

• SSAE for details

Not Command Control No Loco Modification '!I!rmoto &.alr,/ Gydr-' C> Zmote tf!olltl'ol Sy stems of -;::tlinois 1861J Ridge Dr. • Freeport, Illinois 61032

72 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 Advertisers Index

A-Line/Proto Power West ...... 76 Micro Scale Industries ...... 75

...... Bowser Mfg. Co., Inc ...... 73 Model Die Casting . 73

COS Lettering LTD ...... 74 Mokei Imports ...... 72 Northeast Scale Models ...... 72 Caboose Industries ...... 71

Northwest Shortline ...... 76 Central Valley ...... 72 . Overland Models ...... 80 Centerline Products Inc...... 75

P & D Hobby/O Scale Products ...... 75 Challenger Imports ...... OVERING Plano Model Product ...... 70 Champ Decal ...... •...... 70 YOU, Precision Masters ...... 70 & 71 Con-Cor ...... 77 . FROM OLD Precision Scale Co ...... ��"".po..;�. Dallee Electronics ...... 70 TO NEW, . Rail Power ...... 70 Details West ...... 71 WITH . . Red Caboose ...... 74 Eastern Car Works ...... 71 OVER Remote Control Systems ...... 72 F & H Distributors - Peco ...... 76 . . 850 KITS...... Run 8 ...... 77 Hobbytown of Boston 72 ;\1(1)f"1. Dn: ( AS"I I:\:C Ii':( .\H II \V HO!-;C( UAXS I' BOX �12() Jay Bee Products ...... 71 Rivarossi ...... •... 78 & 79 111\WTIIOR":1: CI\ ')02')0() SE�IJ :'>I00 I Ol{ ( UI{Hl:\:I (IIIX I,LlST Train Terrain Products ...... 73 Kadee Quality Products ....•...... 77 . . Utah Pacific . Kata ...... 2 ...... 70

Wm. K. Walthers Inc ...... 74

Ph one 1.71 7- 2 6 M a h � �o im ! � !� ;� �� e Retail orders include shipping��: and ��handling ENGL21 HowardISH Sreet,'S MODEL P.O. Box 322, RAI MontouLROrsville,•AD PA SU 17PPL754 Y $4.95 PA Residents include 6% sales tax. VISA & Me HO Mechanism Kits fo r Bachmann Engines $59.95 #3-200 - PRRK-4 $46.95 #3-204 - GS-4 These Mechanisms include zinc die $49.95 #3-201 Reading 2-8-0 $46.95 #3-205 - NYC Niagara cast underframeand coverplate, brass $69.95 #3-202 - N&W Class 'J' 4-8-4 $46.95 #3-206 Northern or - - stamped side rods,DC-71 motor, all necessary mounting hardware, en­ gine andtender weights, tender truck

:I: wheels and pickup. U ::; SEE YOUR DEALER! '" « � DEALERS ORDER DIRECT! MADE IN THE U.S.A. - Division of Bowser Mfg. HO

This becomes this ••• then this. In about two hours, the unhandiest of handymen can transform the Train Terrain molded plastic layout into an operating railroad. See it today at your local hobby dealer. Priced from $99.95.

F or free brochure, write to TRAIN TERRAIN PRODUCTS From the moment you start, vou're halffinished Box 1960, Burbank, CA 91507 Dealer inquiries invited N-Scale 48" X 30" X 5" overall

RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 73 �O!; � ;1"; ,II DRY TRANSFERS!!! WE HAVE THEM! FOR I- MODERNIZED BOXCARS

AVAILABLE IN N, HO, S, and 0 From Omaha to the Gulf, the lllinois "Cushion Underframe" lettering, and the C·O·S Lettering Ltd. Centra l earned its reputation as the latest light gray scheme with white IC P.o. Box 78003 CITVVIEW "Mainline of Mid America." Now, you reporting marks and data. NEPEAN ONTARIO IIZG 5WZ can follow a great railroad through three LIMITED RUN different paint schemes with this set of HO 932·91 14 IWNOIS CENTRAL WAFFLE SIDE $29.98 Scale waffle side box cars on your pike! BOX CAR 3·PACK The limited-run set includes an JIIinois Central car in orange with the "Mainline of Mid America" slogan and the split rail WM. K. WA LTHERS, INC. herald, an Illinois Central Gulf car in 5601 W. Florist Ave. Milwaukee, WI 532 18 orange with solid rail herald and Will. K. Wa lthers, Inc. ©1993 Columbia Gorge Express AuuuS( 1-1·20. 199-1 (503)288-5289

RED CRBOOSE 2820 G Street Merced, CA 95340 209-383-2733

'0' SCALE GP-9

7 Roadnames Plus Undecorated Available RED CABOOSE PHOTO I BILL McCLUNG CUSTOM PAINTED RC-33 Assembly Required

*RC-1 Undecorated with Dynamic Brakes RC-21/22 Conrail - Blue *RC-2 Undecorated w/o ut Dynamic Brakes *RC-23/24 Denver & Rio Grande - "Bumblebee" *RC-3/4 New York Central - "Lightning Stripe" RC-25/26 Western Maryland - Speed Style *RC-5 Norfolk and Western - "Gothic" RC-27/28 Western Pacific -Silver and Orange *RC-6 Norfolk and Western - "Half Moon" RC-29/30 Canadian National - Early Green & YellOW *RC-7/8 Pennsylvania RC-31/32 Boston and Maine - "Bluebird" *RC-9/1 0 Santa Fe - Blue and Yellow RC-33/34 Great Northern - Classic *RC-1 1/1 2 Southern Pacific - "Black Widow" RC-35/36 Nurthern Pacific - "Canoe"

*RC-1 3/1 4 Union Pacific - Early RC-37/38 Milwaukee Road - Orange and Black *RC-15/1 6 Burlington Northern - Green RC-39/40 Canadian Pacific - Early Maroon and Gray RC-17/1 8 Chesapeake & Ohio - Early Blue RC-41/42 Montana Rail Link - Blue RC-1 9/20 Baltimore & Ohio - Early Blue RC-43/44 Southern Pacific - Gray and Scarlet

RESERVE YOUR FA VORITE ROADNAME THR OUGH YOUR '0' DEALER TODA Y.

'MODELS NOW AVAILABLE EACH ROADNAME COMES IN TWO ROADNUMBERS MINIMUM COUPLERS NOT INCLUDED,

74 RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January19 94 �ICROSCALE® DECALS�

Look what Microscale has for YOU now! At your Hobby Oealer! HO SCALE DECALS $4.00 each 87·713 AHon�c Coost Une E a F Unrts, Purple &: Silver · 1939-57 87·774 Atlantic Coost Line Swilchers &: GP·7, Purple &: Silver · 1940-57 87·775 Lehigh Volley locomotives Cornell Red 8: Black Stripe Scheme 1940-60 tY-ENTERLINE 87·176 lehigh Volley locos. Cornell Red a Block Stripes 1940·60 PRODUCTS 87·177 Northern Pacific Freight Cars, Goo, Tonk, Hopper, Flot 8: Bulkhead Flot � 8].118 Moersk Gunderson Moxi·1 Double Slack Cars 1989+ Rail Cleaners That Work HO MINICAU $�OOeoch MC·4089 Metrolink Locomolives 8: Passenger CCIS 1992+ MC·4090 M.dsoulh Locomotives, GP·7,9 8: 18 Includes Operolion Ule Saver \98&+

N SCALE DECALS $3.25 each �� :_�C1L�:r , 60-711 Aula �ocks · Bwlinglon Northern 8: Frisco 60·720 Canadian National Aulorocks Non - Abrasive Non - Derailing 60·173 Allanlic Coast Une E a F Units. Purple a Silver · 1939-57 Cleans Rails and Wheels Immediate Results 60·774 Allanlic Coosl Line Switchers & Gp·], Purple a Silver - 1940·57 :'I'-Scale $30.75 HO-Scale $42.50 60-775 Lehigh Valley Locomotives Cornell �ed a Block Siripe Scheme 1940·60 60-776 lehigh Volley Locos. Cornell �ed 8: 81ack Stripes 1940·60 S-Gauge (Tinplate) S63.40 60-777 Northern Pacific Freighl Cars, Gon, Tonk, Hopper, flat &: Sulkheod Flat O-Gauge (3-Rail) $71.25 O-Scale $78.50 60·778 Moersk Gunderson Maxi·1 Double Stock Cars 1989+ N 1 110 add S3.S0 slh 5 I O-Ca . 1 O-Scale add $5.00 ,n. 60·4089 Melrolink Locomolives &: Passenger Cars 1992+ Illinois Tax 7'10, SASE for Information 60·4090 Midsoulh Locomalives, GP-7,9 8: 18 1ncludes Operation Ule Saver 1988t

Centerline Products, Inc. o SCALE DECALS one Sheet $4.25 !WO Sheet Sels $7.50 48-303 Allantic Coosl tine Swilchers a GP·7, Purple &:S ilver · 1940·S7 2 Sheels 6N332 Keeney Road Keeneyville, Illinois 60172 NOW 48·304 leh gh Volley Cob Diesels COfne!! Red a Block Siripes 1940-60 2 Sheals THE 48-305 Lehgh Volley Hood Diesels Canell �ed 8: Block Shipe 19tO·6O 2 Sheels ICROSCAlL 48·306 Leh gh Volley SWilchers Corne� Red a Bolck Siripe Scheme 1940·60 LARGEST 48·307 Northern Pocilic Tonk Cors 1940']0 48·308 8urlington �oute (CB8:Q) 40'Wood Outside BlCced Auto Box Cal 1915-70 TTX 48 ·309 Conroil Diesels 'Quality· Slogon GE Point 1970·92 -2:heels , ANYWHERE I 48-302 Atlantic Coost line E a F Units. Purple 8: i1S �er - 1939-57 2 Sheels 1'1...... ' -.",:.&. .c..... , .". - CN III :-.tn<.;,VfAf.ti '-'-"'-�';l r,tICROSCALEINDUSTRIES, INcfl .:. tl��"i',\"-- I.:: --�--:!:! P.o. BOX 11950 HO & N SCALE CATALOG · $5.00 pp 0, G & S SCAI.E CATALOG 53.00 J'p COSTA MESA, CA 92627 :; ��;���1��I?:��Oy���SL�C�1�a�-oa 8��v6i?'ALrER (7 14) 650-0762 t,i,QMb3by ,� ... ------.---.----.------.� , • �D I � . . . --.....' "0" SCALE DIESEL POWER : , . • • * NEW! F3B, F7B : & F9B : : Diesel Locomotives and Parts ; ; * F-9 - Atlas Repower Unit : : * R 8-3 - Brass Components for : : Weaver RS I : * FA - Detail Parts : : See your fa vorite "0 " Scale dealer : • or send $1.25 postage SA SE fo r the latest "0 " scale list. • � , � . ---.------...� RAILMODEL JOURNAL January 75 - 1994 75 Build your HO layout true to scale with PECO STREAMLINE NickelODE Silver Code 75 trackage "HUSKY-STACK" "TWIN-STACK" "THRALL 40'/45'" When it comes to ''lnnovative Intermoda/� onty A-Line offers the variety, quality, ease of assembly, and fidelity-to-prototype demanded by YJlU, the intermodal modeler.

Ask your dealer to show you the complete line of HO scale double-stack cars, extra-detail kits & stack car decals made in the USA. by A-Line. Just two examples in the range, Each turnout ' I---�A-LI ,' ''I'·NE/'/'''' ''I I' I/ II'/'II I'fJ\I'liIl U-'f:.i"l' fitted with sprung tie bar, P.O. BOX 7916 LA VERNE, CA 91750-7916 Ready for immediate use, New il/us/raled catalog available for $3. 00 (p ostpaid) ACT YOUR MODEL DEALER NOW FOR FULL DETAILS.

7501 McFadden Ave" Huntington Beach, The renowned CA 92647 PEeo trackage systems FAX (714) 894-4954 the world over rli l r------� NO WA I'ui/able at most fu ll service hohby shops.' Bulk pucb also avaiLc..lh/e 5 ()(),. J -to I - 00/$3 200/$ i 1 All Metal WHEELSETS --- HO, P:87 and N i I Precision machined non-magnetic nickel plated brass in three tread widths to suit your railroad modeling tastes. - P87 I I --- / 1 for HO operation for HOn3 and for HO semi·finescale for finescale & N models. I 1 0 ----/88 ----/72 : A broad wheelset selection that lets model desires ($3,9S/pkg of 4; 36" & larger $S.9S,pkg of 6 axles) I I YOU YOUR I I /1 1 0A /11OAi I I WheeI Oia." /1711003-4S I 71/1 10P13-4 I /17110F23-4 4 l /88HO I/ P:87 188S I/SSP 4�/8SF7323-4_=7!�/72 PW fo r 7303-417313- 4 26" 7105-4 71 15-4 7125-4 I for add add 7305-4 73 15-4 7325-4 74 1 5-4 7465-4 I outside I n s i d e 100 500 I 28" 7106-4 7116-4 7126-4 7306-4 73 1 6-4 7326-4 fr am e frame 10 10 30" I 7107-4 7117-4 7127-4 Athearn Athearn 11 10 /1 10 741 7-4 7467-4 33" 7108-4 7118-4 7128-4 diesels diesels 74 1 8-4 7468-4 I 36" stock slock I 40" 7131-4 7119-4 7129-4 7139-4 7141-4 Above are HOn3 Above are I #'s #'s " 7132-4 7120-4 7130-4 7140-4 71 42-4 _ 4 _ ___ _ N ga uge I 2 I "axle slyles. S=Sbouldercd (1/16"), P= POllted; F= Ilusb, 13= Blunt (' '1132''), A=Athcam diesel, W=wcathercd to fit Athearn, Model Die Casting, elc. trucks I - Pointed axles fil straig ht axle journals (if tight, drill journal 1/16" ) I - Shouldered axles I for lead trucks, etc . Half axle style for At hearn diesels ($6.95/1 2 wheels) I - Flush style axles I A n to upgrade existing locomotives and other powered models or power your new kit or scratch-built d gearboxes I model. Pick your style from the idler ($12,95) and non-idler ($10.95) styles available with axle diameter choices l of 3mm (most import HO), 1/8" (most US manufactured HO), 2.4mm or 3/32" (some HOn3 and some small HO), with choices of 28-1 and 36-1 ratios. In heavier duty O.4mod size gear boxes, choose 5/32"·4mm, 3mm and 1/8' I: axle fit in 28-1 ratio. PDT s lf-pow ed for easy, simple to install powering of your traction or diesel models. They let you I e er trucks- power your traction and diesel models easily and with premium quality performance. I INVESTlejATE YOUR NWSL 'ULUE BOOK' PRODlJCT U::,T OJ{ NWSI. 1 :111. 1 . I.INI CATALOe j ($.1) NOW, OR INQ1JlRI' I:OR I FlJR'I1-IERIN� ,()RMATION. 'Ibchighvalue, specialty natu re uf N WSI.prml ucb and Wide ,ctcctillfl: means that nIH all il obby ,hllPS arc a hie til stock I .00 all items; ifyour'sdoesn't, inq uircdirect ($ I hrings full lis, i ng of prod ucts, $7.00 hrlng' fuli linecatalug"ia 1st clas> mail). fi n e quality premium value hobby products more than 30 years, Providing for I : Box 423 1 I Seatl le WA I 981 11-0423 USA I L ______NORTHW______EST SHOR______T LINE______� RAILMODEL JOURNAL - January 1994 76 WE DO WIN DOWS! F's PA 's ; ' Gullwi�g, 60M's! ,, • Now 28 Styles! Fit 40 Different Locos and Cabooses.

..... 0 "Satisfaction (i). Guaranteed" �f()PRODUCTIONS Send LSSAE for Info P.O. 80x 25224 ea er nqUiries., e come Rochester, NY 14025 0 I I W I

Dealars: Call us for Ihe names of our wholesalers.(602) 721-8939

No Local Deale ou a orde di re r. Y m y MasterCard or Visa. Add $4.00r perc t i •••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••• for shipping/handling. l I�1i��i� i � m iii;��ll�i�il�•• �� ! 1

00 Trucks with a Difference that's Easy to Seer

� PROUDLY IN1RODUCES

#513 H O - Scale 100-Ton A_S_F_ ® Ride Control ® Roller Bearing Trucks

QUALITY FEATURES INCLUDE: -c{ Kadee's8 FIRST RELEASE 100-Ton three-spring style truck. -c{ Individually sprung for full flexibil­ ity and reliable tracking. 1..'{ Intricate ribbing around sideframe windows and below spring seat. -C. Heavy duty ALL METAL DIE-CAST materials provide stability for positive tracking. y} Equipped with metal 36" smooth back wheels with plastic free-rolling contoured axles. -c( Extremely detailed bolsters and sideframes with complete and accurate markings including A.S.F.® and Ride Control'" lettering. -c{ Prototypically tapered compression member with 's way back'section above bolster openings. BUILT WITH THE TRUE CRAFTSMAN QUALITY AND DETAIL THAT KADEE® IS KNOWN FOR! A. S.F." and Ride Control'" are registered trademarks of Amsted Industries.

© 1993, KADEE® QUALITY PRODUCTS CO_ * 673 AVENUE C

- January 1994 RAILMODEL JOURNAL 77 ROSSI The Aristocracy of HO Model Railroading

n 1946, Cotmt Alessandro Rossi returned Charles Heisler's from the war to establish the Rivarossi Geared Locomotives F ACTS I Company. Within a short time, he was producing the world's highest quality In the late 1800's, the logging indush'Y The geared locomotives that became model locomotives and rolling stock. In ad­ needed a locomotive to operate on rough dition to European trains, the Rivarossi line tracks, swamplands, and snowpack. In an­ known as Heislers were built by the swer to that need, Charles Heisler invented recreates nearly 30 American steam loco­ Heisler Locomotive Works in Erie, PA. motives- each at quality standards un­ a new type of locomotive in 1891 . A long By 1923 the company offered eleven matched by any other manufacturer. drive-shaft, connecting to the drive wheels by bevel gears mounted at the center of the different locomotives. Two and three­ axles, ran the length of the locomotive. The Rivarossi Quality Is The Best! truck locomotives, ranging in size from drive shaft was linked to the V-shaped Rivarossi's attention to detail and authen­ steam cylinders centered tmder the boiler. 24 to 90 tons were available. Lengths ticity is uncompromising. Engine shells varied from 28 to 53 feet, with level and tenders are injection molded plastic, track hauling capacity between 1387 and metal parts are individually machined to lnicro-millimetric tolerances. Locomo­ and 4770 tons. From 1892 to 1941, tives and tenders are complete with the Heisler produced 625 locomotlves­ same number of nuts, bolts and rivets as some still in operation todayl their prototypes. Handrails are made of steel wire, separately threaded through ERIE. PA. each stanchion. Nickel-plated brass drive wheels are equipped with individually The first Heislers had two trucks, allowing by 1930, Heislers as big as 90 tons with mounted brake shoes. Cabs and boilers fea­ them to swivel with h'ack curvature as twelve 40" drive wheels could haul ] ture operational headlight and rear light. 11 tight as a 50 foot radius. Each h:uck had tons (exclusive of the locomotive) up a 10'Yo Brass bell, steam dome valves and etched two axles and four wheels connected by grade on a 100 foot radius curve. walkways are faithful replicas. Finish is side rods, but only one set of bevel gears. clean and h'ee of defects, ensuring crisp, The gears drove both the front axle of the Heisler locomotives rarely needed lubrica­ legible numbers and letters. first truck, and the rea r axle of the second tion because the gears were totally en­ truck. Drive wheels were cast with high closed. Perhaps that's why they became the flanges to enable operation on wooden favored locomotive for logging operations OHIO MATCH #1 (below) rails. The center drive shaft had flexible in cold, snowy climates, and the swamp­ Tln'ee-truck Heisler erected il7 1924 was sold to couplings, so it could fol low the swiveling lands of the south. And since the gear cases I.he Ohio Match Compnnyfo r operation in Ohio motion of the trucks on rough track. Three­ were also impervious to dust, Heislers Junction, Idaho. it was later bought by Potlatch truck Heislers were produced in 1906, and were widely used by the mining industry. Forests, 117c. al7d re-llumbered #92. In 1963, it was put on display at Lewistol7, [daho. NOW! Logging buggies not included with lo�omotive. Rivarossi locomotives operate on both code 83 and 100 track

THE OHIO MATCH COMPANY SALMON CREEK #3 (right) Two-trllck Heisler erected in 1899 ja r Collins & Watson oj Golinza, PA was sold to the Sa/1l1011 Creek Llimber COlllpallY oj Kelleltvi.ll e, PA. In service ja r only 13 years, it was wrecked and scrapped in 1912.

Rivarossi's HO Scale Heislers

Rivarossi's HO scale Heislers aren't just look-alikes- they're exact mechallical re­ productions of the hill sized locomotives. Nickel-plated piston rods colmect to a cen­ ter geared transmission that powers fleXIble coupled drive sha fts, which turnbevel gears housed within the axles. Drive-wheel h:ucks float, allowing your locomotives to operate on the roughest track. And three-pole can motors married to worm-gear power trams will pull the heaviest logging and mining loads you can create. Heislers rlUl on 15" ra­ dius track, and operate on a maximum of 12 volts DC, drawing .40 amps. Couplers snap on and off. (You can easily adapt Kadee Mkd-6 or RA-6 couplers.) We Support Our Dealers credit card another third of your total. Just OHIO MATCH #1 tell us you want to take advantage of our Better hobby stores nationwide carry no-interest installment payment plan, and HO scale working model is 7-3/4" long, Rivarossi products. See them first to pur­ we'll do the rest. It's that easy! So, order 1-1 /2" high and weighs 13 ounces. chase yom Rivarossi locomotives. If there is No. RIV1569 $199.00 your Rivarossi locomotives today, and pay no hobby shop in your area, or if they're out (three $66.33 installments) for them later! (PA residents will be of stock, order directly from Model Expo. charged 6% sales tax on the amOlUlt billed.) SALMON CREEK #3 We Guarantee The Lowest Prices HO scale working model is 6" long, Our Guarantees 1-1/2" high and weighs 9 ounces. We've cut out the nl.iddle-men, taken ad­ If less than delighted, returnyour purchase No. RIV1568 $179.00 vantage of a stronger dollar in overseas . within 30 days for an immediate credit or (three $59.66 installments) trading and used our volume purchaSIng refund. Rivarossi locomotives are guaran­ LOGGING BUGGIES power to bring you the lowest pnces on . teed to be h'ee of physical or operational Rivarossi h·a ins. We guarantee It! lf you find scale models carry wooden logs, tied defects for one full year. [-10 any locomotive we seLl advertised by mail down by real chain. 4" long and 1-7/8" for less, buy it! Then mail us your proof of note: Deferred payment plan is limited to Master high, and includes two extra couplers. Please RIV2349 $19.00 each/3 $49.00 purchase, and we'l.l send you a credit for the Card and Visa holders. Credi t cards will not be charged No. for $10.00 difference, applicable to your next purchase until shipment. Shipping and delivery is per order, (Deferred payment plan not available on logging buggies.) no matler how many locomotives you purchase. of Rivarossi trains from Model Expo. Keep

this ad as your written guarantee! I------, Credit Card Holders in the US Send No Money Now ... Pay In and Canada Call TOLL-FREE Three Interest-Free Installments! 800-222-3876 Mon-Fri 9-5 ET Our prices for Rivarossi locomotives are the or FAX 717-839-2090 anytime lowest ever, and we stock everythIng we advertise. But send no money now! When MOOEL EXPO. INC. we ship, we'll charge your credit card one  third of your total purchase (plus a one­ Dept. RMJ 14, P.O. Box WOO time shipping charge of $10.00). Then for Industrial Park Drive, Mt. Pocono, PA 18344 the next two months we'll charge yom Yes! Please send me: No. RIV1569 Ohio Match #1 $199 00 - No. Salmon Creek . - RIV1568 #3 $179.00 - No. RIV2349 Logging Buggy $19.00 each 3 for $49.00 Charge me in three installments. _ Charge my credit card: MasterCard Visa

Acc. No.______

Exp. ______

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Name ______�__ _

Address ______

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State ______ZIP ______My check or Money Order is enclosed. (Please add 10.00 for shipping and insured delivery. PA residents add 6% sales tax.) NORTitEASTERN CAboOSES ANd SANTA FE �O�fy. ICE BUNI(ER REEFERS

Overland Models continues to offer modelers aHordably priced brass cabooses and refrigerator cars in HO scale. These highly detailed and well researched models are currently available for immediate ship­ ment. Exquisitely handcrafted in brass by Aj in Precision of Korea. For your plastic modeling needs, we offer a variety of stainless steel roof walks to super detail models like the Intermountain Hawker-Sidley Covered Hopper, part number OMI #2607 fOt" the roofwalk. For more information stop by your friendly Overland dealer or call OMI for more information.

READING Wood Caboose Class i' NMN" Nos. 92930-92979 -OMI #3876

SFRD 50-ft. Steel, Ice Bunker Reefer Class "Rr-30" Nos. 37290-37389 - OMI #3283

SFRD 50-ft. Steel, Ice Bunker Reefe r Class "Rr-42"

Nos. 5145-5244 - OMI #3285