DOCSLIB.ORG

The Promise of Public Interest Technology: in India and the United States Anthology of Working Papers by New America's U.S.-India Fellows

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Promise of Public Interest Technology: in India and the United States Anthology of Working Papers by New America's U.S.-India Fellows July 2019 The Promise of Public Interest Technology: In India and the United States Anthology of Working Papers by New America's U.S.-India Fellows Richard Abisla, Subhodeep Jash, Aditya K. Kaushik, Sylvia Mishra, Ananth Padmanabhan, Pranesh Prakash, Tanvi Ratna, Joshua Simons, Madhulika Srikumar, & Kaliya Young Last edited on August 01, 2019 at 3:20 p.m. EDT newamerica.org/fellows/reports/anthology-working-papers-new-americas-us-india-fellows/ About New America We are dedicated to renewing America by continuing the quest to realize our nation’s highest ideals, honestly confronting the challenges caused by rapid technological and social change, and seizing the opportunities those changes create. About the U.S.-India Fellowship The India-United States Fellows Exchange is a collaboration between the Global Studies Program and the Fellows Program at New America. It aims to identify technologists from industry, government, and civil society; analysts of technology from academia and the media; and government regulators from state, local, and national levels to participate in a unique and timely fellowship exchange. This program will bring Fellows from India to the United States, and Fellows from the United States to India, in order to devise novel technology-based solutions to policy challenges. The aim of this program is to enable both countries to better harness technology to improve the lives of their citizens, and to improve and strengthen the bilateral relationship between India and the United States. About Fellows New America’s Fellows Program invests in thinkers— journalists, scholars, filmmakers, and public policy analysts—who generate big, bold ideas that have an impact and spark new conversations about the most pressing issues of our day. About International Security The International Security program aims to provide evidence-based analysis of some of the thorniest questions facing American policymakers and the public. We are focused on South Asia and the Middle East, extremist groups such as ISIS, al Qaeda and allied groups, the proliferation of drones, homeland security, and the activities of U.S. Special Forces and the CIA. 2 Acknowledgments The India-U.S. Fellowship team would like to sincerely thank the Ford Foundation for its vision, trust, and support throughout this process. A sincere thanks to Pradeep Nair and Seema Sharma for their support and enthusiasm both before and during our fellowship. Thank you to our partner in India, the Observer Research Foundation, for hosting our cohort while in New Delhi, and to the Selection Committee for supporting this year’s application process. We would also like to thank a number of New America teams that helped to shape the experience of the 10 Fellows while they were in residence: Blockchain Trust Accelerator; Cybersecurity Initiative; Future of Property Rights; International Security; and Resource Security. Open Technology Institute; Ranking Digital Rights; Political Reform; Public Interest Technology; and Resource Security. Thank you to your staff for making time to meet with the cohort of Fellows throughout the research period, further building out their network, and providing them with thought leadership. Thank you to the wider New America team for supporting our Fellows by attending open events we had with them, joining us on our Fellows Day at New America, and helping answer any questions they had. A huge thank you to Anne-Marie Slaughter, Tyra Mariani, and Anish Goel for their collective support and encouragement throughout the entire fellowship. Thank you to our colleagues supporting events, communications, production, and human resources. You carried us through the process, and we are extremely grateful for the time and effort you have put into supporting the fellowship, convening event, and final papers. A huge thank you for the collaborative effort of a number of our current and former colleagues throughout this process: Catherine York, Emily Schneider, Afua Bruce, Joanne Zalatoris, Maria Elkin, Angela Spidalette, Narmada Variyam, Clarke Reeves, Dee Snyder with Connoisseur Travel, Robin Bradley, Elizabeth Pankova, and Sumaita Mulk. newamerica.org/fellows/reports/anthology-working-papers-new-americas-us-india-fellows/ 3 About the Author(s) nited States Fe Madhulika Srikumar is a 2019 India-U.S. Fellow at Richard Abisla is a 2019 India-U.S. Fellow at New New America. Srikumar will be working on India-U.S. America. Abisla is currently the Portfolio Manager for data sharing for law enforcement and explore the ellows the Americas at Caravan Studios, a division of underlying privacy standards for access to electronic TechSoup. data in the two countries. w om indu sts of tec Subhodeep Jash is a 2019 India-U.S. Fellow at New Kaliya Young is a 2019 India-U.S. Fellow at New America, where he focuses on civic engagement that America. Young is one of the world’s leading experts combines technology with active citizenship. on decentralized or self-sovereign identity technology wship e ws from Aditya K. Kaushik is a 2019 India-U.S. Fellow at New n America. Kaushik works as a project scientist at echnology Divecha Centre for Climate Change at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) in Bangalore. o better h eral rela Sylvia Mishra is a 2019 India-U.S. Fellow at New tates. America. Mishra will research civilian drones and India and the United States’ potential role in shaping new drone applications, a project with applications in wider public interest issues. Ananth Padmanabhan is a 2019 India-U.S. Fellow at New America and a fellow at the Centre for Policy Research. His research interests are in the fields of technology policy, intellectual property rights, and innovation scholarship. Pranesh Prakash is a 2019 India-U.S. Fellow at New America. Prakash will spend his fellowship working on policy and standards relating to the Indian parliament's record-keeping and legislative process. Tanvi Ratna is a 2019 India-U.S. Fellow at New America. Ratna is a policy analyst and engineer, managing blockchain projects with a leading global consulting firm, based in India. Joshua Simons is a 2019 India-U.S. Fellow at New America. Simons, a Sheldon Fellow in Government at Harvard University, is writing about the politics and ethics of machine learning. newamerica.org/fellows/reports/anthology-working-papers-new-americas-us-india-fellows/ 4 Contents Foreword 6 The Development of Smart Water Markets Using Blockchain Technology (Aditya K. Kaushik) 9 Civilian Drones: Privacy Challenges and Potential Resolution (Ananth Padmanabhan) 25 The Privacy Negotiators: The Need for U.S. Tech Companies to Mediate Agreements on Government Access to Data in India (Madhulika Srikumar) 38 Governing Data: Non-Discrimination and Non-Domination in Decision- Making (Joshua Simons) 53 Open Transit Data in India (Richard Abisla) 66 Blockchain Regulation in the United States: Evaluating the overall approach to 80 virtual asset regulation (Tanvi Ratna) Improving India’s Parliamentary Voting and Recordkeeping (Pranesh Prakash) 94 India and the United States: The Time Has Come to Collaborate on Commercial Drones (Sylvia Mishra) 109 Civic Futures 2.0: The Gamification of Civic Engagement in Cities (Subhodeep Jash) 120 Key Differences Between the U.S. Social Security System and India’s Aadhaar System (Kaliya Young) 137 newamerica.org/fellows/reports/anthology-working-papers-new-americas-us-india-fellows/ 5 Foreword New America and the Ford Foundation recognized a unique and timely opportunity to create a fellowship exchange initiative between public interest technology practitioners in India and the United States. The 2019 exchange brought Fellows from India to the United States and sent Fellows to India from the United States with the aim of enabling Fellows from both countries to better harness technology to improve the lives of their citizens. The Fellows were technology practitioners from industry, government, and civil society as well as analysts of technology from academia and the media, and governmental regulators. Too often, technical experts who understand the details of how a technology works lack the expertise or critical distance necessary to effectively evaluate, and thoughtfully shape, the policy impact of their work. Developing a better understanding of technology’s impact is a precondition for formulating effective and just public policy. Each Fellow we selected possessed unique experience and expertise, which enabled them to devise novel technological solutions to public problems, and to analyze the effects of technology and of technology policy in new ways over the course of their eight-week research program. Our first batch of applicants were diverse in talent, experience, education, and physical location. 27 percent of our applicants were female, 95 percent had a degree beyond a Bachelor’s or equivalent, and 62 percent of applicants came from India. Most candidates put forward potential projects in technology policy, privacy, blockchain, future of work, and biometrics. Through a robust selection process, our final cohort consisted of 10 Fellows, four women and six men, and seven were from India and three were U.S.-based. We had a series of goals for this cohort: 1. To increase knowledge and awareness of technology policy challenges and effective technological solutions to social problems in India and the United States 2. To increase knowledge and awareness in India and the United States of both the successes and failures of initiatives to apply data science to public problems 3. To increase awareness within
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 440 Responding to Danger to Indian Democracy
    Vol. XXXIX, No. 1 ISSN-0970-8693 JANUARY 2019 Rs. 20 Presidential address for the National Council Meeting on 24-25th November 2018 at GPF, Delhi: Presidential address for NC Meeting at Responding to Danger to Indian Democracy GPF, Delhi: Responding to Danger to Ravi Kiran Jain* Indian Democracy - Ravi Kiran Jain (1) This meeting of the National Council is being held in extremely a grim situation. This situation is an inevitable result of Modi's election campaign and then his rule after coming into power in 2014. The 2014 elections were GS Report for NC Meeting for the year based on emotive communal divide which had literally dumped the basic 2016-18 (3); Bihar PUCL Report presented issues into the dustbin of electoral politics and Modi's communal divide plank became a determinant of success of his election. The new political scenario in NC Meeting (6); Delhi PUCL Report (8); has certainly brought the atmosphere of communal hatred and grave fear in PUCL TN & Puducherry Report of Activities the society as a result of which the fundamental questions like elimination of done during 2017-2018 (9); PUCL poverty, the distribution of national wealth, the assurance of social justice in Karnataka Report presented in NC Meeting civil society of our time are being brushed aside under the carpet. (11); Understanding PUCL - Prabhakar Recent years have witnessed systematic attacks on human right defenders Sinha (12); PUCL Punjab Reoprt (14); and fearless journalists, writers and rationalists. 2019 polls are going to be Editor's Note: The Hashimpura Massacres between democracy and authoritarian rule.
    [Show full text]
  • E-Learning R&D Projects Initiated During Xiith Plan Period
    Ongoing R&D projects of E-Infrastructure initiated during XIIth Plan period 1. Project Title Setting up the Eduroam Services in India Executive Agency: ERNET India Principal Shri. Meherban Singh Investigator: Address: ERNET India 5th Floor, Block –I A Wing, DMRC IT Park, Shastri Park New Delhi-110053 Phone 9818955800,23765375 : Fax: Email: [email protected] URL: http://www.eis.ernet.in/ Project Objectives: To implement the Eduroam services in India. Eduroam (education and roaming) allows users (researchers, academicians, teachers, students, professionals, etc) to securely access the Internet from any Eduroam-enabled institution either nationally as well as internationally from the premises of any of the participating institutions. Achievements/ 140 No. of institutes connected so far Outcome Monitoring server for members of radius servers in India has been created. Log Server for keeping the access log of all the users connected has been created. Database server having information related to each user in eduroam setup of India has been created. Helpdesk and Trouble Ticketing Systems(TTS) for eduroam users has been created. Start Date May 2012 Duration (36 months) extended for 12 months (in months): Status of Project: Ongoing 2. Project Title IPv6 Training Program for Staff of Government/Ministries and Institutions. Executive Agency: ERNET India Principal Shri.Praveen Misra Investigator: Address: ERNET India 5th Floor, Block –I A Wing, DMRC IT Park, Shastri Park New Delhi-110053 Phone 9818955800,23765375 : Fax: Email: [email protected] URL: http://www.eis.ernet.in/ Project Objectives: The objective of the proposal is capacity building in the area of next generation Internet protocol IPv6 to enhance adoption and deployment of IPv6 specially in Government organizations and associated institutions.
    [Show full text]
  • Resume of Dr. ARUNJYOTI SARKAR, Phd [email protected]
    Resume of Dr. ARUNJYOTI SARKAR, PhD [email protected] Designation: Assistant Professor Department of Ocean Engineering & Naval Architecture IIT Kharagpur, Dist.- West Midnapur West Bengal, India, Pin- 721302 Contact numbers: 03222-282852 (office), 03222-282853 (residence) Academic Qualification Degree During Major University / Institution B.E. 1997 - 2001 Civil Engineering Bengal Engineering College, Shibpore (currently IIEST Shibpore) M.Tech 2003 - 2005 Ocean Engineering IIT Madras PhD 2010 - 2013 Offshore Engineering University of Stavanger, Norway Work experience Position Held Name of Institute From To Job description / Company Assistant Professor IIT Kharagpur 2014 Till Teaching and research in ocean date engineering Principal Engineer Subsea 7, Norway 2007 2014 Installation analysis of subsea (Hydrodyn and Ocean structures, on-bottom stability of Tech group) covers, etc. Offshore Structural Technip India and 2005 2007 Design of offshore structures (FPSO Engineer France topside, subsea equipment, etc.) (SURF group) JRF CMERI Durgapur 2002 2003 Health assessment of old structures Management Trainee OSE Ltd. 2001 2002 Supervising road and bridge construction work at a site of NH6 Subjects taken at the current position Ship Strength (UG core, Naval Arch), Marine Operation and Analysis (PG elective, Ocean Eng) Engineering Drawing, Engineering Mechanics (1st year students) Publications (List of papers published in SCI Journals, in year wise descending order). Sl. Authors Title Name of Vol Page Year No. Journal 1 S Koley, A Interaction
    [Show full text]
  • An Interview with Teesta Setalvad
    Jindal Global Law Review https://doi.org/10.1007/s41020-020-00116-3 ARTICLE Proto‑fascism and State impunity in Majoritarian India: An Interview with Teesta Setalvad Oishik Sircar1 © O.P. Jindal Global University (JGU) 2020 Abstract This interview with Teesta Setalvad was conducted in the wake of the February 2020 anti-Muslim violence in North East Delhi. Drawing on her vast experience as a human rights activist, journalist, and peace educator, Setalvad’s responses map the continuum — across years, anti-minority pogroms and ruling parties with divergent ideologies — of the cultures of hate, and the practices of state repression and impu- nity in a proto-fascist India. Setalvad ofers an interrogation of the ideology of the Hindu right, delves into the historical trajectories of the rise of the Rashtriya Sway- amsevak Sangh (RSS) and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). She also charts the repeating patterns of police and media complicity in fomenting anti-minority hate and critically analyses the contradictory role of the criminal law and the Constitu- tion of India in both enabling and resisting communal violence. In conclusion, she ofers hopeful strategies for keeping alive the promise of secularism. Keywords State impunity · Hindutva · Gujarat 2002 · Pogrom · Genocide 1 Introduction The cover of Teesta Setalvad’s memoir — Foot Soldier of the Constitution — features a photograph of her looking directly into the eyes of the reader.1 Her face is partly lit and lightly silhouetted, her eyes simultaneously conveying an invitation and a provocation. One might use words like determination, courage and fortitude to describe the expres- sion on her face — as the blurb on the back cover of the book does.
    [Show full text]
  • Cybermetrics of the Indian Universities
    View metadata,citationandsimilarpapersatcore.ac.uk Cybermetrics of the Indian Universities Isidro F. Aguillo InternetLab. CINDOC -CSIC. Spain [email protected] International Workshop on Webometrics, Informetrics brought toyouby and Scientometrics & 5th COLLNET Meeting provided by Roorkee, India, March 2 -5, 2004 E-LIS repository CORE Web indicators Huge international effort on the way to develop Information Society indicators Technological indicators Economic indicators Social indicators Lacking a similar effort to obtain web indicators The contents are the key Some questions open: • Digital divide • Cultural colonialism • Over-representation of English Isidro F. Aguillo, CINDOC-CSIC, 2004 Academic and R&D Web Universities and R&D institutions websites can reflect the output of academic and research activities better than traditional paper publications The future of informal scholarly communication Peer-review is not in danger The audience of the Web is far larger than that of other means of scientific communication Millions instead of hundreds Hypertext nature of the Web allows the discovery of hidden patterns Motivations for linking exceed those for citation New discipline: Cyber-science-techno-econo-metrics Isidro F. Aguillo, CINDOC-CSIC, 2004 Cybermetrics Quantitative study of the contents and communication processes on the Internet Cyberscientometrics ~ cybermetrics Webometrics: Focused on the WWW Topics • Informetric distributions and topology • Dynamics and evolution • Link & “sitation” analysis • Indicators:
    [Show full text]
  • First Session
    Workshop and Public Meeting at St Xavier’s College Mumbai, January 2nd, 2013 Part of month long series of events: Bombay ki kahani, Mumbai ki Zabaani The magnificent hall at St Xavier’s College, with its fine wood ceiling and somber portraits of former Principals looking down from on high, hosted the conference which was well attended by a mix of ages, sexes, and communities. It was a good day to have this meeting as the Supreme Court of India had rejected Gujarat Chief Minister Narendra Modi’s petition against the appointment of a Lok Ayukta. The St Xaviers hall had a powerful Exhibition put up by the Sabrang Team -- 30 powerful black and white photos and Text Panels spanning twenty years since 1992-1993 First Session: Teesta Setalvad, Sabrang introduced the speakers for the first panel, Harsh Mander, former IAS (Indian Administrative Service) officer who as Collector of a district in Madhya Pradesh managed to ensure that his district did not burn with ‘riots’. John Dayal: Journalist and Christian activist would speak about atrocities against Christians in Kandhamal District, Orissa. Dr Amarjitsingh Narang who has campaigned tirelessly for justice for the Sikh victims of the massacres of 1984. Teesta Setalvad criticized the print media for not covering the pogrom of 1984 thoroughly. It was left to the PUCL (People’s Union for Civil Liberties) which in its pamphlet “Who are the Guilty?” documented the names of the instigators of violence. Sikh victims have not been able to get substantive justice till today. A Bitter Legacy of Impunity – An Overview: Harsh Mander stressed on the importance of rememberance so as not to repeat past horrors.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Participants 1051
    List of Participants Ananthanarayan B, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India [email protected] Banerjee Sunanda, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005, India [email protected] Basu Rahul, The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, C.I.T. Campus, Taramani, Chennai 600 113, India [email protected] Bhalerao Rajeev, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005, India [email protected] Bora Kalpana, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781 014, India [email protected] Carroll Alan, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA [email protected] Chakrabarti Dipankar, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700 064, India [email protected] Chakraborty Purnendu, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700 064, India [email protected] Chandrasekharan Shailesh, Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0305, USA [email protected] Choudhury Debajyoti, Harish-Chandra Research Institute, Chhatnag Road, Jhusi, Allahabad 211 019, India [email protected] Choudhury Ranjit, Goalpara College, Goalpara, India Deshamukhya A, G. C. College, Silchar, India atri [email protected] Deshpande Abhay, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA [email protected] Gao Haiyan, Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0305, USA [email protected] Gavai Rajiv, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005, India [email protected] Gupta Sourendu, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005, India [email protected] 1051 List of participants Harikumar E, The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, C.I.T.
    [Show full text]
  • A Framework for Comparative Analysis of National Knowledge Networks in UK and India
    A Framework for Comparative Analysis of National Knowledge Networks in UK and India Rekha Jain Manjari Singh W.P. No. 2015-03-29 March 2015 The main objective of the working paper series of the IIMA is to help faculty members, research staff and doctoral students to speedily share their research findings with professional colleagues and test their research findings at the pre-publication stage. IIMA is committed to maintain academic freedom. The opinion(s), view(s) and conclusion(s) expressed in the working paper are those of the authors and not that of IIMA. INDIAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT AHMEDABAD-380 015 INDIA A Framework for Comparative Analysis of National Knowledge Networks in UK and India Rekha Jain Manjari Singh Executive Chair, IITCOE Personnel & Industrial Relations Area Professor, Information Systems Area Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Phone: +91-79-6632-4914 Phone: +91-79-6632-4822 Abstract Recognizing that national competitiveness depends on the availability and quality of national Information and Communication Technology networks that support higher education (HE) and research, many countries have developed such infrastructure for their publicly funded HE and research institutes. The National Knowledge Network (NKN), India set up in 2009-10, and the Joint Academic Network (JANET), UK set up in 1984 are examples. These national knowledge networks are embedded within the larger context of HE and research institutions and ICT infrastructure in the country. For an emerging economy like India, effectiveness of NKN is important as resource availability for investment in such a network has to compete with other developmental priorities.
    [Show full text]
  • To Download Letter
    WWW.LIVELAW.IN To, The Hon’ble Chief Justice, Allahabad High Court, Nyaya Marg, Canton, Dhoomanganj, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211001 Subject:- Letter Petition in reference to Police brutality, fake encounter & state of lawlessness in our state of Uttar Pradesh. That the instant petition raises the question about the validity of the tool of extrajudicial killings devised and reported as encounter which is resorted to by a large section of the Indian Police. This raises question:- 1. “Whether Police encounters are exception to the rule of law”. 2. Whether Police encounter is exception to the well settled principal of Presumption of innocence, until proven guilty. 3. Whether Police encounter is exception to the RIGHT TO LIFE & Due procedure? That the Article 21 of the COI which reads as;- “No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except in accordance with the procedure established by law” This means that before depriving a person of his life, the state is required to put the person on trial in accordance with the provisions of the Criminal law. Hon’ble Supreme Court in plethora of cases stated that “fair trial & opportunity to defend is a Constitutional right and in case cannot be compromised”. WWW.LIVELAW.IN Fake encounter on the other hand, completely sidestep and circumvent the procedure established by law and hence unconstitutional. There is no second thought to the fact that yes in our society we have some dreaded criminals against whom running a fair trial is difficult, but this vest no right in police machinery to go for encounters as a ultimate option against hardcore criminals & gangsters.
    [Show full text]
  • “Everyone Has Been Silenced”; Police
    EVERYONE HAS BEEN SILENCED Police Excesses Against Anti-CAA Protesters In Uttar Pradesh, And The Post-violence Reprisal Citizens Against Hate Citizens against Hate (CAH) is a Delhi-based collective of individuals and groups committed to a democratic, secular and caring India. It is an open collective, with members drawn from a wide range of backgrounds who are concerned about the growing hold of exclusionary tendencies in society, and the weakening of rule of law and justice institutions. CAH was formed in 2017, in response to the rising trend of hate mobilisation and crimes, specifically the surge in cases of lynching and vigilante violence, to document violations, provide victim support and engage with institutions for improved justice and policy reforms. From 2018, CAH has also been working with those affected by NRC process in Assam, documenting exclusions, building local networks, and providing practical help to victims in making claims to rights. Throughout, we have also worked on other forms of violations – hate speech, sexual violence and state violence, among others in Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan, Bihar and beyond. Our approach to addressing the justice challenge facing particularly vulnerable communities is through research, outreach and advocacy; and to provide practical help to survivors in their struggles, also nurturing them to become agents of change. This citizens’ report on police excesses against anti-CAA protesters in Uttar Pradesh is the joint effort of a team of CAH made up of human rights experts, defenders and lawyers. Members of the research, writing and advocacy team included (in alphabetical order) Abhimanyu Suresh, Adeela Firdous, Aiman Khan, Anshu Kapoor, Devika Prasad, Fawaz Shaheen, Ghazala Jamil, Mohammad Ghufran, Guneet Ahuja, Mangla Verma, Misbah Reshi, Nidhi Suresh, Parijata Banerjee, Rehan Khan, Sajjad Hassan, Salim Ansari, Sharib Ali, Sneha Chandna, Talha Rahman and Vipul Kumar.
    [Show full text]
  • Grid Status in India and National Knowledge Network (NKN)
    Grid Status in India and National Knowledge Network (NKN) P.S.Dhekne, Scientific Consultant to PSA to Govt. Of India and Raja Ramanna Fellow, BARC Nov 26, 2009 Grid Activities & NKN at TIFR 1 Mega Science Projects LHC experiments will produce 10-15 •The LHC and Astro- million Gigabytes of data each year particle physics (about 20 million CDs!) experiments offer new LHC data analysis requires a computing glimpses beyond the power equivalent to ~ 100,000 of current frontiers. today's fastest PC processors . Requires many cooperating computer centres, CERN providing only ~20% of the CPU power And the computing infrastructure to support such physics research needs to look beyond the cutting edge. Nov 26, 2009 Grid Activities & NKN at TIFR 2 Regional WLCG Tier II Grid in India 4 Mbps Links 0.6/1 Gbps link to CERN/ GEANT 100 Mbps 175 Mbps Link Link to GEANT VECC/SINP: ALICE Tier II TIFR : CMS Tier II Tier III 2 Mbps IPLC LC OriginalApril 22,Nov 200926, Network 2009 started operating Developing sinceGrid Activities 2007 e-inftrastructures & NKN and at TIFR upgraded in India on regular basis 33 International Connectivity Current status - TIFR-CERN link ( 0.6/1Gbps) - ERNET-GEANT link(175 Mbps) Participation in TEIN3 From India, ERNET was nominated to participate in South Asia Feasibility Study(SAFS) meetings of TEIN3. SAFS report accepted by EC During SAFS meeting, we had projected 2.5 Gbps connectivity to India toward GEANT PoP in Europe and toward East Asia PoP of TEIN3 We are going to participate in network procurement phase of TEIN3 for South Asia Connectivity to Internet2 To connect to TEIN3 PoP at Singapore at 622 Mbps from India Proposal from Japan for PoP in Chennai Nov 26, 2009 Grid Activities & NKN at TIFR 4 Spread of ERNET in India Univ.
    [Show full text]
  • An Offline Alternative for Aadhaar-Based Biometric
    An offline alternative for Aadhaar-based biometric authentication Subhashis Banerjee Subodh Sharma Computer Science and Engineering, IIT Delhi New Delhi 110016 August 11, 2018 The decision on the constitutionality of Aadhaar1 by the supreme court remains a matter of speculation, but it has become abundantly clear that most of the use cases for Aadhaar based biometric authentication (ABBA) have turned out to be deeply problematic. That the use of biometrics as an authentication factor is con- ceptually flawed has been pointed out by many [Agrawal et al., 2017]. Biometrics are not secret information and are hence open to fraud. Further, the uncertainties in biometric matching, because of decision-making using a threshold score2 which may lead to false negatives (referred to as ‘probabilistic’ by the petitioners in the supreme court), make them unsuitable because of the risks of causing exclusion and denial of rights in welfare [Dreze` et al., 2017, Abraham et al., 2018, Kotwal and Ramaswami, 2018]. The requirement of reliable online connectivity compounds the problem. In fact, the state’s assurance that “nobody will be denied their entitlements because of biometric matching failure” does not pass muster. It is vacuous because there is no clear specification as to when the promise will apply and how such a false-negative set can be distinguished from the spurious attempts. Biometrics may only be good for de-duplication3, and can perhaps also be used for identity 1Aadhaar or Unique Identification number (UID) is a 12-digit individual identification number issued by the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) on behalf of the Government of India.
    [Show full text]