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Sales, Distribution and Supply Chain Management

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Sales, Distribution and Supply Chain Management PGDSM (S2) 01 Exam Code : SDSC Sales, Distribution and Supply Chain Management SEMESTER - II BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BLOCK - 2 KRISHNA KANTA HANDIQUI STATE OPEN UNIVERSITY Subject Experts Prof. Nripendra Narayan Sarma, Maniram Dewan School of Management, KKHSOU. Prof. U. R Dhar, Retd. Professor, Dept of Business Administration, GU. Prof. Mukulesh Baruah,Director, Assam Institute of Management. Course Co-ordinator : Dr. Smritishikha Choudhury, Asst. Prof., KKHSOU SLM Preparation Team Dr. Chayanika Senapati, Asst. Prof., KKHSOU UNITS CONTRIBUTORS 8-15 Dr. Rashida T. Noorain, ARGUCOM and Dr. Smritishikha Choudhury, KKHSOU Editorial Team Content : 8-15 Dr. Devajit Goswami KKHSOU Language: 8-15 Dr. Sarat K. Doley , Tezpur University Structure, Format & Graphics: Dr. Smritishikha Choudhury,KKHSOU Dr. Chayanika Senapati, KKHSOU July, 2019 ISBN : 978-93-89123-94-4 This Self Learning Material (SLM) of the Krishna Kanta Handiqui State Open University is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 License (international): http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Printed and published by Registrar on behalf of the Krishna Kanta Handiqui State Open University. Headquarters: Patgaon, Rani Gate, Guwahati-781017 City Office: Housefed Complex, Dispur, Guwahati-781006; Web: www.kkhsou.in The University acknowledges with thanks the financial support provided by the Distance Education Bureau, UGC for preparation of this material. POST GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN SALES AND MARKETING MANAGEMENT Sales, Distribution and Supply Chain Management Block 2 DETAILED SYLLABUS Unit 8: The Basics of Supply Chain Management Page No. : 127 – 144 Introduction, Definition of Supply Chain Management, Evolution of the Concept of Supply Chain Management, Key Drivers of Supply Chain Management, Typology of Supply Chains, Process View of Supply Chain, Challenges in SCM Unit 9: New Paradigm in Inventory and Purchase Management Page No. : 145 – 154 Introduction, Definition, Self certified Vendors, Green Channel Suppliers, Vendor Managed Inventory, Green Logistics Unit 10: Planning Demand and Supply Page No. : 155 – 174 Introduction, Demand Management, Demand Forecasting, Supply Management, Evolution of ERP in Supply Chain Management, Strategies for Enhanced Performance of Supply Chains Unit 11: Procurement and Inventory Management Page No. : 175 – 198 Introduction, Objectives of Procurement and Inventory Management, Procurement Cycle, Inventory Management, Inventory Costs, Types of Inventory Models, Inventory Control Systems, Tools of Inventory Management. Unit 12: Marketing and Logistic Interface Page No. : 199 – 212 Introduction, Customer Service, Costs and trade offs in Service Offerings, Service driven Logistic system, Supply Chain Performance. Unit 13: Supply Chain Benchmarking Page No. : 213 – 223 Introduction, Understanding the Benchmarking Concept, Benchmarking Process, Benchmarking Procedure Unit 14: Recent Trends in Supply Chain Management Page No. : 224 – 240 Introduction, New Developments in Supply Chain Management, Outsourcing Supply Chain Operations, Co-Maker ship, The Role of E- Commerce in Supply Chain Management, Green Supply Chain Management, Distribution Resource Planning, World Class Supply Chain Management Unit 15: Case Study Page No. : 241 – 250 BLOCK INTRODUCTION: This is the second block of the course “Sales, Distribution and Supply Chain Management”. The Block is divided into7 units and is primarily a learner oriented Self learning material, as it satisfies the requirements of the learners in the filed of Marketing. This block comprises of the following eight units: The first unit of this block that is eighth unit of this course introduces us to the concept of Supply Chain Management The ninth unit gives us a broad idea of Inventory management and Green logistics. The tenth unit is about Planning Demand and Supply. This unit explains demand management, demand forecasting, supply management and evolution of ERP. The eleventh unit will help us in understanding procurement and inventory management. The twelveth unit is about marketing and Logistic interface. The thirteenth unit will help us in understanding the Benchmarking Concept, Benchmarking Process, Benchmarking Procedure. The fourteenth unit is about recent trends in Supply Chain Management, which explains concepts like e- commerce, green supply chain etc. The last unit of this block discusses some cases related to this course. Each unit of these blocks includes some along-side boxes to help you know some of the difficult, unseen terms. You may find some boxes marked with: “LET US KNOW”. These boxes will provide you with some additional interesting and relevant information. Again, you will get “CHECK YOUR PROGRESS” questions. These have been designed to self-check your progress of study. It will be helpful for you if you solve the problems put in these boxes immediately after you go through the sections of the units and then match your answers with “ANSWERS TO CHECK YOUR PROGRESS” given at the end of each unit. you in making your learning more active and efficient. And, at the end of each section, you will get “CHECK YOUR PROGRESS” questions. These have been designed to self-check your understanding. The Block is devided into eight units: Unit 8: Basics of Supply Chain Management Unit 9: New Paradigm in Inventory & Purchase Management Unit 10: Planning Demand and Supply Unit 11: Procurement and Inventory Management Unit 12: Marketing and Logistics Interface Unit 13: Supply Chain Benchmarking Unit 14: Recent trends in Supply Chain Management Unit 15: Case Study UNIT 8: BASICS OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT UNIT STRUCTURE 8. 1 Learning Objectives 8. 2 Introduction 8. 3 Evolution of the Concept of Supply Chain Management 8. 4 Drivers of Supply Chain Management 8. 5 Typology of Supply Chains 8. 6 Process View of Supply Chain 8. 7 Challenges in Supply Chain Management 8. 8 Bullwhip Effect 8.8.1 Causes of Bullwhip effect 8.8.2 Handling Bullwhip effect 8. 9 Let Us Sum Up 8. 10 Further Reading 8. 11 Answers to Check Your Progress 8. 12 Model Questions 8. 1 LEARNING OBJECTIVES After going through this unit, you will be able to: z define the basics of Supply Chain Management z explain the concept of Supply Chain Management and its importance z describe the typology of supply chains z explain the cycle view of supply chain z learn the different drivers of supply chain management z explain the concept of bullwhip effect in supply chain 8. 2 INTRODUCTION In the earlier unit we have got some idea about distribution management. In this unit we are going to discuss about Supply Chain Management. It is a process ensuring a smooth flow of goods and information along the chain from supplier/producers’ end to the customers’ end. The process is an integrated whole of various business functions including Sales, Distribution and Supply Chain Management 127 Unit 8 Basics of Supply Chain Management customer orders, distribution, logistics, delivery of goods, alongside the flow of information pertaining the sales data, orders received, replenishment data, etc. The process closely monitors the information flow at various stages of the process. To be specific Supply Chain Management can be defined as: “An integrated whole of processes that integrates components of producers/suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, transporters, etc. to ensure smooth flow of goods and services at the customers’ end at the expense of minimum resources and in desired time, quantity and locations”. In this unit we will discuss briefly about the evolution of Supply chain management, drivers of supply chain, it’s typology, process and challenges. At the end of the unit, we will discuss the “Bullwhip effect”. 8. 3EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT The evolution of Supply Chain Management could be traced to the period wherein production and marketing of goods proliferated. This leads to the era of industrial revolution wherein goods were produced in mass scale resulting in the necessity of selling of the produced goods. The same led to the proliferation of markets for easy access to buyers aided by the developments in transportation. Early supply chain managements have been as simple as the evolved system for storage of finished goods, transportation of goods to the buyers end and storage of finished goods that could not be sold. This period pertains to the producers’ era wherein varieties in products were limited to a few. The producer arranged for transportation, distribution and sale of the produced goods and had to work with high levels of inventory. This simple chain included stages of production, transportation, and distribution. Yet it was rigid to handle variations of demand, variety, and availability. The early Twentieth Century saw a growth in manufacturing technology, leading to increase in availability of variety of products. This influenced the producers to ensure variety in products, and handle a proportionately adequate inventory against each variety. This necessitated 128 Sales, Distribution and Supply Chain Management Basics of Supply Chain Management Unit 8 the chains to be flexible to handle variations of market demands. Customer responsiveness gained priority necessitating the firms to optimize costs and design the process of production, distribution, and sale of products to satisfy the growing demands of customers. Batch production gained prominence and compelled firms to procure raw materials and other resources at competitive prices. This propelled the initiation
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