Some Historical Notes on Stocksbridge & District
Compiled by Mrs. OLIVE HEPWORTH in the Year 1959 Some Historical Notes on Stocksbridge & District
Compiled by Mrs. OLIVE HEPWORTH in the Year 1959
I am indebted to my Father, Mr. Wallncc Charlesworth, for the assistance r got from the books and notes he left on the early Stocksbridge District; and to Or. W. :\f. Roheruhaw for his kindne~s and help concerning Stock 0. IIEPWORTIJ, Holli n Bu•k. 1959 "~.t; J:\ \Ll> rHOI\1' \\'IL!'O:\ Foreword (El\GLISH HISTORY> Hac.·n and tribe~ l."arue from aero.... tl1e "(:l'i and 1ct1icd amotl~ them on tht':l-c h lands. Anglians. S:a..xon~. Nor:'le, Normans anrl Sc:uul inrwi :w ~ Fi~htiog, plundering anll slaver)• prc ..·:. ilcd. Settlers Htken priwn('t~ \'Yea·e made tn worl.. fur their m;,ster"; uext cam(' coloni:.o;n tion ~utd la~t •·eligion. The countrv was divided and ~ u b-diviclrd by ~ IIH\11 kiug:o:, or chieftains, :u.d il re<1uircd a :;tern struggle to kecs• the: lh.:ople together inw OC'C united from. The period o { ~ett l emeru CO\'UCd-874 to 934 A.D. The lb('('s who seltl~d in the Nonh were mainly Nor:,c and Anglo· Saxon~ . They were s.trong. hard-working people, lr1endly and f.-ithful. Taken aholtethC'r they had a character .. uch a~ no other n.cf of that day could claim \\'l•ilc:o t hi .. oolonization wa .. .'!oin~ un the: Xor~ :and the Anglu Sa"~Cou-., 'Ctlltd in Yorkshirt. For a tim~ t htrt \\Oh ptac~. They felt !3ft in tht mountain rountry or the Pc:nnine'i, a-., h \\Ould be diffic-ult to )urpnse thtm there. T l• i~ il'l tilt reason wily we get so man~· Kor:JC nntl .'\ngi('I-Saxon illll,-uamr" and ph•CC·names in Yor kshire. Our plncc·nattiCS, like the f)eoplc wl!o usc th('m~ change, a nd a re in a certain se u ~c a rc..:ord of the •u·ti\•ititl'i of the a~es . E " e r ~~ ccnw•·y has sten th<· d~ J)a r t u re o f some Nc• hi .. t(\T) can he !>ati$factory urlltcott i1 inc1udh thC" Churcl• and tht< hcn('ti..;c \uthiu it .. :--cc-J)('. To d<>:~ribe thf Villar::c Community and )tt lta\'c C'IU1 the mud·buih l.c:M.t~s whtrt thr JlCC'Jllc liu·d. i:. to omit a m:un point of interest. For the Churrh \\3~ not only t ht pia« oi \\Orslup. but al-.o thC' !iC::tl oi local go\·unrn('flt. and often the Church ;\nd the ~lanor House \··ere built togethtr. \mc. •tiJ.C the \';trioul' U:!ot'.:~ to whidt a Churc.-h wa .. put \\ilS a 'Chool il•t t11C" ynun~er c hild rtn. Churcl•e" were nnt llbtd by the t'rdinary tl<'r•l>le at fir~Jt, but were kept as a prl\·ate fh:\IH I'Y lor the Q'CtHry. Later on the people we re allowed to usc them. SometirHC3 fl. great deal of trouble would occur during t hese alte ra tion~. Pin;l lly they all worked 10~·r: t hcr. ln •ldinint Cl<'arinll' and boundaries wtr.! ut\Ter road .. or fence~; rivers and .. trum' deflcH' the limits oi an)' county, manor, J)arish, or ~mal1t r holding. T hen came ruction. The people formed thcmsd\'eS illto Colo nic ~. making \rillages and homes. Next fvllowtd small lndusHitl' aud l:(r;ulm\lly they adaJlt ed lhemselvcs to English ..:ounlty lire. A compiNe H;u1sformatio n in t he names o f tWlc Jl COJ> I'-= was in fact one o f the result.:; o( the Conquest. and so the need of S urn:unes. ln t he cour~(' of centuries the names of persons and pl;u::es have acted and re·acted upo n each other. 0\1ring the time of the Anglian settle ment. place .. received the:r n~mt" £rom Llae.ir owner;; later when !:uru:.me!'o hccamc a necessity$ they were adopted from &•lace-name~. llccp in the Ptnninh on the western border there "'ere many hill .. an~l ,-allen in tht haod:oo of the Cdb. Ther~ i, ror example \\·ale... whkh mean' fort":ignC'rs, that i~. \Velshmc.n. and rtpre3oenl$ 3 ~nnnunity or Briton:.. th;ng s.ide by side ";th AnRiian ~ttler' Clo~ing of Commons. Jn 1778 an Act of Parliament was passed ior enclot~ing the Commons. Bryerl~ws mean b)·-lnw~ ,ueh a~ Local GoHrnmt"nt Authorities have power to Jt'lakc, an llr:ulli dfl w:l$ divided i11 to four 13ryerlaws- ( l ) \.Valdcrshel£ ('Om~i~ting o f the p:\f't north o f the Yewden i4l cludin~ Bobter»tone and ~tidhope. (2) \.Vcs tnall including Broornhead, \VightwiLie and u\ .. araden. (J) Brighthomlet, AnCS3CfC: and \-Vorral. (4) Bradfield including Nc:ther Bradfield1 Smallfield, Haldworth, Ounaworth or Stannin.l;(()Cl. The ttm·m;.hi)h w~ r ~ in the analn due w lhe iniliati\'C or the .-\nglian... !'txt cante the grouping of township~ into \\'apental..b, and oi \\ ai>Cntal..c,. into Ridings. Jn York~hire we h a\'C 1\orth, East and \\'C"ot Riding~. which a.re the administrati\'C area.s of Lhe County. 5 Historical Survey of Stocksbridge & District hy Mrs. OLIVE 1-IEl' WOHTII -~-- STOCKSBRIDGE 1802 S tu~o:ksb r itlge was fi rst mentioned in 1802. when Lord Melbourne sold Bolsterstone Estate. .\t that period it was t he name of a small farm. On the Ordnance map for 1852 there wa> a capital B for Bridge making it into two words. Tradition savs that a man named Stocks farmed where the bridge stoo Old Industries Svmc u f the chief industric; in forrncc· times were glass making, co k e~ b urni n g, <1uarrying stone, a cotton mill 1 a woollen mill ( later made into a c:orn mill). cloth-weaving, a chemical works at Decpcar, a blacking-mi ll (near where Blacking Mill Row now stands), and Pnttery works (near Vnslh•en Bridge and Midhope). STOCKSBRIDGE - ABOUT 1851 There were 9 houses in Stc •·ksbridge about the year 185 I. Joseph, Robert and William Turner 6 .\IH,ul thi ... time Horner Houtoe ~on.;,i--ted of two farm huu'C'", one .:uuage and a joiner·!' -.hup. O("CUJ)icd bv Frances \\"nc:ht ami a iarnily uamed Helliwell. The (arm O<"C'Hpied lo~ F \\"ri~:ht hel<>nged t• John llelliwell ni l;"n,lhen Bridge Unsliven Bridge L"n,li,cn Bridge ""s fi rst built a- a pack-bridge Inn had to l1e widened. when 1he Bradfield and l'cnhuune rottd was m:.dc :lhout 1745. \\as again altered ahout 1796. 14ater widened when 1he ~henie l d a mi Jfan<.·h~..~~tt:r tu rnpikt road wa"' made. Water Supply \n interesting event which was told to us by ~fr. David l~oebuck oceurred in Stocksbridge district before the water wa, piped into the houses. Mr. Roebuck lived nearlv all his life on Hun•helf Bank, and he once remembered a _;ery dry "C'-hOn when drinking water got so scarC'C that people had to queue all night above Ella Oiff for it. Eve ntually it dried up here, and the only place where it tould be got was the Dr2.gon's well on Tuwncnd Common There wns only o ne house in the district rn this period with a SUI)J>Iy C"J i water on the premises aud this wa~ at the Rev. W. H. Wi lson's down Back Lane, Haywoods. Later th e Lord of the Manor, R. H. Rimmington Wilson. gave a sr•·ing of \Vater to .S tocksbridge for ever and ever, bu1 eventuall y the Stocksbridge Local Board decided to sell it to Sheffield Corp oration. At thi~ period all the members of the board were farmers except nne and he ·was a publiran. The onlv one who objected wa, the publican and he said "We want to think of the future generation." The Chairman replied and said, "We want to think o( ourselves and let the future generation do the $arne." But for what Sheffield paid for it, and the outlay •ince, it ha< been a good speculation for Sheffield Corporation. Letters, Newspapers and Trains The li1~t wt: lu;:(ll v( ucw~pavt.:• ~ am.l let l ea~ IJciii Ji' d~ l i v~ • cd in Stod Letter~ lon 'vere delivered and the person who received the letter wa~ expected to giv~ the po~tman one penny on deli' ery. Only two trains per day ran frnm 11eeprM tn Sheffield and the return fare was 3/6d. l,a1er on the Dcepcar Post Office was kept by Thomas Turton and his daughter (Mrs. Thomas Brearley). All letter• came from Sheffield by the first train up. :lirw•papers at the same time, were brought by a man who used to hlo'v :. horn. l.~ L er Mr. Joseph TTepw()rth heg Deepcar is an old village which stands at a junuion of the River Don and one of its tributaries. Various trades were carried on in former days. A wooll en mill, later turned into a corn mill. This corn mill was built and finished on ~ l ay 11th, li20, and taken down in 1892. A blacking mill (near Blacking Jl·!ill Row). Decpc:~r Ch urch was opened :May 23rd, 1878. Deepcar School commenced 1857. Di vine Service wa~ held in t he School on Sundays un t il tbe Church was buill. The Railway Station stands near to Dee1>car, just under neath Wharncliffe Wood. Lowood's Work ~ and Armitage's Works are found cl<'se by. Deepcar, Deep-car,- Car means a bog, in vears gone by the water in the rivers would not be controlled as it is now. and a bog wnulcl form on thP Ran land at certain period< of the year. Churches 182i The fi rst place of Worship bui lt at Stock~h ri dge was the Ebenezer Chapel in 1827. 1860 The Ca tholic Church was erected in 1860. The \Vesleyan Methodist Church flr ~t took service in a small room in a cottage at 'Racon Row, Wuc.tt,hoyd in 1860. A~ t h ~ con,grcs:-nt ion incr en::;ed they felt the need of a larger room. 1864 In 1864 Mr. John Ridal built two cottages in Manchester Road, Old Haywoods, leaving the two lower front rooms without par-tition. 1867· 186R In 1868 a new \Vesleyan Church wa• opened, the Foundation Stone bein~ laitl in 1867 by the Reverend j ohn Bedford. The huilder was Mr. J. Rrearley, of Bradfield. 1878 Deepcar Church first opened May 23rd, t-878. 1889- 1890 The foundati<>n stone of St. Matthi as's Church, Stocksbridge, was laid by W. f I. Fox, Esq., on the 8th March, 1889. The Chu rch was opened on the t.t November, IR90. l.ost ~ h nu t £4,200. 9 Sunday Schools The t>r-t ~umlay School opener! in the district was opened •• t thl· CJa,._ I fnu ...c ( OO\\ called PothOU"'(") a11d n:tmed r h ln,Jc:pi.:ndrnt Smvlay School. ~fr hcn\\urthl· stated that about t he 1ear IMO Church mrn :md .\'uncunfof rn i ~ts wo rked together 'in 1hi-. efl'ort umi _lu ...eph :-\lccl hcgan H' (';miJn \·Vils(ln, who Churches and School&-Various opening dAtes EJ.cncz('r l ..,a pel, !'tot·k,brid!!:e. 182/. I>ceJ"'-'•tr ~unday Sch )nl. cnmmen<"e•l 1~5i. Cathnlk Umrd1. St•><·k Banks Yurk ... hire Penn, P.ank openetl in the Stfk·k ... hri Ill Local Builder• Amos J{idal buill Broomhead Hall and the sub-structure of the Victori;c Station, Sheffield. Also the Wicker Arches, Sheffield. The cencrc one that spauncd the. road was the higgest stone spa11 in the world a~ that time. He also built Stocksbridge Hall and the Salem Congregational Chapel. john Brearley contracted for the stonework of the present Bolsterstone Church. His step-brother, ~latthew Brearley, built the Church Tower. john Brearley, assisted by Matthew, finished the Chancel, Nave and Aisle•. This work was done in sections, started in 1872 and finished in 1879. He also built "Waldershaigh •· for Mr. Charles Macro Wilson. John Houson built t he first brick house for Samuel Fox. Later on bought it from him. The bricks were burned on the premises. George Ashby J-Telliwell built the Stocksbridge Cu opera tive Stores. His tender fo r mason and bricklayers' work was the sum of £103. David Brearley built t he Police S tation at Deepcar and his son, John Brearley, built the Town ]-Jail at S tocksbriclgc. Com Mills taken down Wortley Corn Mill taken down 1880 to 188Z. Oup<:ar Com Mill, built ~lay lith, 1720, taken down 1892. Hunsheli Com Mill taken down 1892 (by S. Fox & Co.). llfidhope Corn Mill taken down 1906. MIDHOPE Walking vlll of Stocksbridge you pass by Midhopc and 1-1ngsett. Midhope stands midway between two Sheffield re 11 He wa!S a Staffordshire man. They 1nc.dc panc heon~, teapot ... bottles <~ nd later on cups ;tntl saucers. Some of the day wa got a t Langley Brook, and carted to Midhope. A place called Hand Bank Farm stood nearby, just o the edge of the \Vadsle) and Langsett turnpike road, occ upi~ by i\Iesor>. Halstead and Twist wherf bricks were mad~, br this was do~cd down many yean: ago. LANGSETT Langsctt ~o nta in ~ a rcw h(JUSes. ;a Church opeueU Januar: lith, 1875, and a School. The Langsett Reservoir is in t~ valley. .\ nice walk goe~ from Langestt on the bottom c' the reservoir towards Yewden and further on to Agden anu Bradfield. T radition says that Langsett in days gone by had a market and at t hat time was called Peuisall, and also was nearl y surrounded by moors. WORTLEY Wortley is a sm Wharncliffe Wood An int ere$ting ru::nl comes into VVharncliffe \A/outl from the Sheflicld and Manchester main road across the iron bl"idge. where the river Yewden and Don meet by Holm's Farm at the bottom of the wood. The ascent up the wood is steep, but very pleasant, the path goes nearly in a straight line up the wood to the Lodge. 12 On J.:"Cltin~ tu the tup _you Ji11d :tn 11hl fa .. hiollt:tl .stnnc ltttiltlin,t.: and du... e .,,. \'ou ::.ee one ni tlu: '"' rlit•,t \ ;~,, ... in the Country. \t une tiffiC: thi..; hou.:e wa .. tht· tCnlJl(•r:an· hnmc of the \\'flrtlc~· f;ami l)· . •\ .. ~·uu !,!"U alunl" the rn..;1.d throug-h thl· ,·cutrc uf the wnntl } IIU nm 'l'C the Crat!" where great quantiti"' ui .. rune h:l\t l·ecn quttrri~., l :.\ntl u'ed for sttt.·h plac<:.o. :b the \\ il·kcr .. \n.:hc' :lncltht ~hdtit ld ami ) ( an'-~he_:o:.tcr ~tati~·n ... Whnrnclilfe Wood - Wragg Holm hland \\'raJ.:',L: ff, •lm j, th<: nam e <•f Hn i .. la nd '' hirh ... touul" 111 I h(' r cu l rc r>f lhc river Don ncar dh.' luillnm u ( \\'h;,rndiif<' \\'notl . J f,_. fm i:-. all .- \ng-lo-.S fincl :t \\t:ir \\hich "-UJlplied t\\"(1 miiJs lc'\\l'f ,J,,\\:1 in\\ h;lrn 4 (')ifTe ,jc).: with wat.:r. One w;,.s :t t:Hlnin!{ mill. ;mel tlw uth<-r Ol corn mill. The ri' er J} 'n e-eh \en· wid, "1,\'fl' tlw i ... laud i .. ~i1u:u.:d. · HOW THE FIRST FARMS WERE MADE lfnlm Farm W~h orlt!inally l.,._lrt ,f \\ harul'lit\"c \\oo•ttl. Fir,t it 11 'h ridded and hrrned In t\\" brother'. The't Lrothcr... \\\'fC ff• r e~ters whu wurk._;tl f1•r l .nrd \\'h;lfiH.:Iiffc. \t that t unc there wa.o. a g-no(.l ~ upp l.' ui dean w;~tcr. The~ ielll:cl I he 11'ct•:-:. 1 iddt•l the lantl anti IHlil t lhc farm h ouse and farm huil•ling.... .\ garden :t nd o rchard wt•rc (H ided a nd lhr brother~ Jived a l t h~ place for ma ny ) l'an~. !\),· ( ;ra ~~t l fathcr. ~ Jr . ll ent•v t'hai'I C,\\urth. rt•n lctl thi ... ~mniJ 'farm, when he retired ffutll hi -. ltu.. lnc.· ... -. ''" :1 c.·urn fal'll\r, and li,·ect there until his. cJ\·ath. Cc.·rtain \.'U,tom~ .and prh·ilege.. were maclt· ~·olh'crning d1e .. c.- iarm~. which) will gi,·e you la1er, in the Yt•\\clen \"aile~ l1i,t·•r~ .\11 thc't" farm' both in Yewden :mtl tli-.trkt. Bradfield ,n ... \\ dl, "ere 'tartt..-J ia the s;amc w;" ;tiH) "hen \ uu ""•k aruund and reali"'e that Yewden \·;aile\· ;,.a ... nnn· a l•;n·-.;t. vnu thiu"- ni the work of the pinlleer.. ".hu .. aarl,·d tu m;1kc "the little i"rm ... ~ntl "T1lall-holdin gs un the hill -.i,J...·:~. F1r.. 1 aurl t'oremo .. t a gocd ~upply ,,J w;dcr ,fl••ultl he ,.,·aibhk E~ch f~'rm ~ho u lcl ha,·e the 1 rec' ~·111 cln\\ 11. the t.:"roun1 l riddt'tl ~ ~~~d ~to n e::. gathered. the hc.;,t .. ( whith \\(ndd f,c ke pi for the holl!.:.e, •>thers he:ing u .. ed fen til~: f;1rm build ing: .... ~lo u (' wall .;, ht~d t iJ be built around I he Jidd -. ;a" we;• II . a nd a ll the fi1rm-. had a garden ;md orcha rd. 13 The lower part:t whidt otrc ''arm ant.l :o:helter-ed J.:'fC\\ nah and corn. Some of these farms are freeholds, belun;.;t ... to th~ families who lived in them. ) lost are now rent~d. - cu~tom or ar rangement wa ... , if you ridded and made the far-1. you did not pay a rent. you paid an acknowledgment for • • land while ever a member of that family farmed it. Later the fa rm cha nged hands the tenan t paid a rent. Waldershelf and W est na il stood on each side of the ri t Ycwde n, which was a boundary marie \•Ves l !\Tab wa:o a sm farm. W ALDERSHELF AND YEWDEN In )Car;S: gone b~ before the farms were made. twu ch1 lhcd in Yewden \ "allev. The) were stationed at each end the Valley. One was ~ailed Yew and the other Walder Y lived with his soldiers in a C"4l\'C just above the ~ t illstone:~ the bottom o f the va ll ev \Valder ;,nd his men lived in a i •JII These soldiers had t(l w.-t.:h ouc for ra ide1·s who l ried I(Ct across from W harndi ll"c Wood a nd steal into t he \";tile f,,~tncti n• t:!j they u:;ed co meet an(l fight. The Solsterstone side of Yewden Vallev is call \Valdershelf. It takes it> name from Waldersheli. Walder· Scylf (this is a :\orse wo rd and means a turret or " "t tower). The Yewde:n rh er has taken its name frorn \'"ew ~dm and means a valley- Yewden- Yew·den. On t he top of the hill al>ove Bolsterstone you fin<.l a Ca>r o f Stones. T rad ition says this is the burial ground of \\'al ~ Lhc Chief. The name i!' Wnldc r':-; Low. Lcnv means n buri g ro und. PENISTON£ Penistone i:; a \e:r~· ~old p... rt of the Country. it i .... exposed, standing a!! it due~ with ito;; back t n the moo r~ . Since 1699 it has baJ a Cattle ~larket. where the farmer• have taken their cattle fnr •ale. You find Penistone Sta t close by, with a beautiful Church standing about central. I ha< a peal oi bell~ ;rnd ~ome beautiful window,. )I ,. \Vordsworths are buried in Penistone Churdward. de:--ren - a nts of the poet Wordsworth. The \Vordsworth ·familv erect a Clot h Hall at Penistonc in 1763 which was later turned in• s hnps, Coming thro ug h Th u r l ~to n e to Penis tone we lind cott:tt:t scattered about on the roadside a nd ~mall farms on the hit sides. It also has a Grammar School founded in 1392. The River Don has it< source not far from Penistone. Sunday Schools in and near Penistone Tburlstone started 1786 Wesleyans 1808 Netberfield 1810 Penistone 1813 BRADFIELD Bradfield is situated amongst the Yorkshire Moors, and a few miles from Sheffield. Some of the Sheffield reser>•oirs are very near to it. High Bradfield stands on the hillside and has a lovely view of the district. Low Bradfield stands in the bottom. ln the village which consists of a few houses you find a school built by Mrs. Rimming ton W ilson. I n the street you see the remains of the stocks. The Church is benutiful both inside and o ut. A watch tower stands at the gates. This was used to shelter t he men who watched out for the bodv· snatchers. Inside the Church you find a sunken Chapel and. • beautiful old chest. The Reredos has old carved pa nels. A terrible catastrophe occurred when one of the Sheffield rtservoirs burst its banks. It swept down the valley into Sheffield. The Agden reservoir was completed in 1869. the Strines in 1872 and T>amfla•k in 18iS. Bailey Hill Bailey Hill stands above the Church, on the hillside, and !CCm~ to be quite a m y~tc ry. Some peoplo think it has had some connection with the Ba rdikc, and others feel certain it has been a watch tower or outpost (Look-Qut-Hill) where the hailey watched to see that people in the village were beha,•ing thcmsch•es and doing their work properly. Having a good ,·iew of the country side i1 woulo be very suitable for 5uch a purpose. Going back to the Bard ike and walking across Broomhead Moors, another earth-work is found about half a mile distant. Thi" is call ed the "Side-Walk " and is cut out li ke a t rench. H~•·c ar~ remains which look like graves, or otherwise they may contain prehistoric curiosities. The Bardike loqks like an (llcJ fortification. ~ear to it in Cany:ords was found the remains of an old Bloomcrv and lower down •till the " Echo Valle\•," which I ... hall gh·C •ynu nex-t. · I' The Valley of Echoes A good explanation is given by the Re,·erend .-\liN Catty of the "Valley of Echoes." The Bolsters tone side Yewden cnmcs unde1· \.1/alder> helf. Before Dwaradcn " taken down hy the Sheffield Water' Company it stood i below Canyard llilh. Dwaraden is Anglo-Saxon. ·· Dweorgacl~nw" meaning "The Valle) of Dwarfs··-""De Echo is supposed to represent the" Voice of the Dwarfs·· i ~ a fac t beyond doubt. T ha\~ Canyard Canya1·d Hill, were fo nnerly called "l(cnhere •· Ke nycr H ill •. Another interesting place het ween Broom head ~loors .. Agden i ~ c;t lled the " liurkeling Stones." The fn rmers • the shephcnl' name it '' The Apron-fu ll o f Stones.'' You rn have heard of it lw either name, but hnth mean the s:ar place. • The "llurkeling Stone" i' supposecl to be ;1 houncl ry mark between the l1 1·oomhcau Moors and the Al(den lll<> n.. Annther name is the '1 Punishment Stone.'' ::-.:earh,· ,·ou ~ the Dome-ring, when• the pri"•ners were tried. Eirth-w· ,.._ "'well. In I he distance vou •ce the small farms dotted al> looking so green a.ru l h...ea lthv, where men have toiled .ar worked and u~ed their ..::trenJrih ancl ingrnuity to make a fa,..., out nf the moors. Yuu Ciml J:null crop~ growin,:r now wll ~""' once you wnuld have foun BOLSTERSTONE CLASS Very lit tle is k rhlWn about the hi"tC)ry of Bolsterslf f" Glass, hut the little wo do know proves it to be of f~t st ,., t •1uality an I~ \·:u·ious colvurs n f )! I ~'.;,' we re m,adc, as we ll as cleat g l:'tss. Green, hlack. blue, 01>aque and a mingle of colours ha,·c beeo found. Remain ... of the gla... :,-making furnace are still to be ..,een among the farm hu11dings at Pothou~c. Bolsterst<..: ne Gla~s is fi i'St 111cntioned in " Fan'li li t::o. of the :\Jinor Gent ry" hy Hunter, in thc'e term"':- " George Fox, of Bradliel Tradition '""' that )lr. Fentnn. of Undcrhank Hall, on one of his vi~ its· to London was as ked bv the fatnilv to buv a set nf the ue>t table gla"· and found o<;t that the be•t table ~Ia~ .. wa ... made nt the GJa ...... Hem!'<". Rolqer"tone. One can imaJ(ine hnw hC' ielt wh<·n he f••un tl out 1ha l the !;!lass he had gunc to L(,ndo11 to bu~ W:\~ made about a mile irom hi ... home. \Jentinn ; .. again made 1J,· ).fr. Frcdcri<'k D•·adt,u• '. in hi:- hook on ··Old :--.hef11eld l'late;· of a ~ Jr . I~ i eh ;~ rd Dixon who had hcen empl••ycd at the BolstCI"Sione Gb~:o. \Vorks in 170-J.. a nd who renw\ ctl to \\'hitting-ton. near Chestertield, where he e't:ahllo;,hed :~ glass factor). which wa~ continued hy hi-. de .. l'Cm1ant,;;, for thrt"e generation:-.. Some u f the finest t1ltl E u gli~h t.'Ut ~Ia"' wa" made at \\'hlttlug-ton-\\'hiuingtnn glass j .. i:trned inr clearne,, of cuttirt-.! and beauty of de~iJ:n. Later on in 1 funter's "~outh York.. hire •· he refers to a ;.:lass hou'c that wa~ es[ab l i ~hed in l/ -10 ),y a ("Ontp:tny n f pcn·ons who had fH'CViOUSI)' been t:mplo\ cd in a gla"s huu ...e near 13ol"tterstnnc. then in hi~h reputatiun. .-\ftcr thh:. pcri•Kl ,·er~ little seem... to be kuuwn nntil 1he year 1ii7 whf"n the gl(,,, houo:.e "~'"' bou~h t by Hichilnl E llis, r,f :\fi dhopc Hall a nd turncrl i lllq .a p< ll lcry. from which it t;,ke ...; its name '· Pothuu-:e. ·· DR. W.M.ROBERTSHAW Dr. Walter ?\I idgle,· l ~o l ocrtsh;n' was lllcdical Officer o f Health fur ~tnrk--hridge l:rhan Di .. arict Cuundl for .30 years. He h:ul a fine p~r-.onalit~. ~mt! in' t''tcJ all he ... aid ;uul did with rharacter. C\ en hi s \unual h:tp~.)rt a~ ~ I <"dica1 Office.r of Heah h. f-I e w::~..: kind to 1h e poor :n1d the 'kk. a nd not only did he lea\·c the-m med i4.:1nc, hut he ga,·e them som e good ad,·icc wl how U• keer well. He al .. ~t 'Pf'Ill hi" leisure 1ime mo!!tly with hi' (hoin, an1J the ..·ul1t1r:tl lif(· of the di~t rict ..:eemtd 1o interc•,( hin1 .o 1' well. '7 He started t raining 0 1oirs in 1907 when he succeeded his father, the Reverend H. Robertshaw, ~s Choir Master at the Stocksbridge Congregational Church. He formed the Stocks bridge Junior Choir, St. Cecilia Choir, Penistone Vocal Union. Pennine Choir and the Stocksbridge Choral Union, all of which were successful at Musical F'estivals. He was mainly responsible for the establishment in 1907 of Stocksbridge :Musical Festival which ran for 30 years. S tocksbridge would do well t o remember hi m and to hand on his memory. STOCKSBRIDCE JOTTINGS-MAINLY MUSICAL Stockabridge Old Brass Band The oldest musical association in the district is the old Band which was instituted in 1854. It began contesting in 1893, and in the well known Belle Vue September contests it won the sixth 1>rize in 1883 and the fifth prize in 1886. This was the open class of the greatest conteH of the year, and other bands in the same competition were- u Besscs o' th' Barn" and Kingston Mills, both celebrated Bands at that lime. Charli e Marsden was the Conductor for many years and amongst other well known names in the band were \lloodcock, Crossley. Dawson, Hance and Mr. Charles Thicket, who played the '"''' brornbonc. Drum and File Band About 1875 Arthur Beal, who at that time was a pupil teacher in the Stocksbrid,::e National School, fo rmed a "Drum and Fife" Band. Amongst those in the band were the late Joseph Moxon of Hawthorne Brook, who played the side drum, and the late \Valier Peace of Low Lane, who played one of the fifes. Stoc:kabridge String Band This small orchestra dates back to t he eighties and it ha• in one form or ano th er carried on up to the present ti me. The fo llowing well known instrumentalists were at o ne time associated with it-Walter Butcher, Sam Butcher. Alan Smith. Joseph Rodger< and Ernest AspiMII. Handbell Ringers This group oi bell ringers conducted by ){r. Gabbitas, who li\•ed at Old Haywoods, gave performanres at lhristmas. and on o ther ncca!'ions in t he early eightie~. ·~ Choral Societies There was a choral societv in existence in the seventies and eighties at a time when s~ch men as Tom Richards and Fanshaw were well known local vocalists. It did not carry on long. Tonic Sol Fa Class In 1857 a cln~s for the study oi the then new Tonic Sol Fa notatio.n was instituted and carried on by the Heverend l lenry Robertshaw who had come to the district two ye:~rs prev iously. Some ye:~rs later a second Tonic Sol Fa Society was formed by Mr. John Fawcett and had a vigo,·ous li fe for a numbe1· of years. This Society, at first applying itself to part songs and Cantatas, la ter turned its. attention to Opera, and gave annually a performance of some of the Gilbert and Sullivan Opera•. It ceased to exist on the death of Mr. Fawcett. Congregation Chapel On the occasion of the opening of the Montgomery Hall about 1886 a Choral Competition was one of the atlractions. The late Sir llenry Coward was one of the adjudicators, and the first prize wa. won by the Congreg-ational Chnir. Stocksbridge Choral Union This Choir was fo unded in 1\112 and carried on to the beginning of the second world war, but the choir was not disbanded. Tt devoted itself mainly to Choral Competitions and took part in many in various parts of the Country. One of its late•t achievements was to win the first prize at the Blackpool Musical Festival in 1935. It has gi\·en numerous performances of u Mes~iah" and other oratorio•. In 1927 in combination with the Penistone Choir it gave a dramatised version of Handel's "S:tul.'' This performance created general as well as local interest, and amongst the people who attended one of the performances were the Lord Mayor of Sh~ ffiel d and the late Sir Henry Coward . Jn combination with the Peniston~ Choir it took the third prize at the Welsh l\ational Eisteddford in 1929. Tt pa id two visits to the London 1vfusica l Fc~t i va l , on C\'lCh o~ca~ion hein):{ placed lir.t. 19 The J unior Choir This Choir was fo rmed in L909, a nd had amongst iu members, boys and girls. It djd a good deal of competition and concert work, and prob ~ bl y its greatest achievement was 10 win the fi rst prize at t he Blackpool Musical Festival in 1913. Amongst tbo~c who were in the Choir were-Tillie Sanderson, Nora Hovle, Har ry Woodhead, Hobert Broadhead and J oseph Sheldon.· It was a great occasion which I wnrrant they al l remember. The St. Cecilia Choir This Choir was formed from the fe male section ol th~ Junior Choir. It took part in many Competitions, and possibly reached high water mark when it wa ~ placed first a t the Edinburgh Festival in 1936. This Cboir has on two occasions sung for the B.B.C. One of the o cc a ~ i ons much enjoyed by the members oi the Choir was ao annual appearance at nne of the popular Concerts in the Huddersfield Town Hall organisecl hy ~! r. 1\ rthur Pearson. the Borough Organist. Mutual l mprovem""t Society This Society was fn rmed in 1865 and did great work when education wa~ not so easily acquired as it is at the present da~· Am<>ngst the mcmbe" of the Society were joseph Sheldon, J ames Brearley, J:om es Webb and W. T . Bea~ l e~-. .Amo ngst t he teachers was M r. Joseph Hepworth. St ocksbr idge Cheu Chab T his Club was a li ve wi re about SO yea" ago. Amongst its members were Frank S. Hepworth, his father (Geo r~ Hepworth), and Richard :-.!a)dOr. In the c FORMER COAL PITS IN STOCKSBRIDCE BroomRc ld Cottages or Miners' Arms (Also Coke hurning) \Vatcrhouse's Farm (Also C<>ke hurni~g). In front of Haigh's of Hollin Busk Farm. Behind Hollin Busk. Busk J<1at or Four L1 ne En 211 OTHER TRADES CARRIED ON IN AND ABOUT STOCKSBRIOGE WHICH HAVE CLOSED DOWN BlackinJ:". R. IIemmingway. near BlackinJl' Mill How. Rricks. Halstead, Hand Bank, Midhopc. Chemicals. Prom \oVharncliffe \Voo Cutlery. l~obcr t Lingard, Dyson Holmes. Leod Mining. Bitholm House (Used for Bnlsterstone glass). Leather Tanning. Joseph Wood, Hunshelf. Pouery (Brnwn). l.enr)!'e Barrowclough, Un•livcn Rridge, Mid hope. W. Elli~·. Pot House. l.indley. ~I idh..,pe. Quarrying. John Grayson, Spink Hall. Sheet Rol li ng nncl Shovel Making. Tin Mill, near Wortley Stotinn. Wi re l>rawinJ.!. John Beat, Deepcar. 2\ OLD INDUSTRIES 1. Coke Burning Jonathan o~nton was the first to burn soft coke in this district, suitable for the manufacture of cutlery and hardware. These cokes were burned on the hillside ncar the river, at a place called the '"Honey Hole." Titis was a place where people could swim in the river. \Ve get "Black Hole," "Seg Hole," "Deep Hole.'' T hese were good swimming places between Stocksbridge and Unsliven bridge. They have all disapJlCared since the course of the ri ver was altered. J onathan Denton led hi s cokes to She ffi eld in a double-shafted wagon and easily got fovc guineas a load for them before t hey got to the town. Thomas Wood also burned coke clc-se by and sold it in Sheffield. Tn 1861 there were nin e coal pit owners, and at seven of th~se pits there was coke-burning. The place where the fire engines are kept at the Council Offices now, were the premises where the horses were kep~ belonging to the coke carriers. These carriers made a lot oi moncv bv what the\ called "back carriage " thev brought from Sheffield on the return journey. · The last man to burn cokes by the open fire system was l\fr. William Jackson, oi Whitwell. He owned a coal pit at Hollin Busk. He was ordered bv the Government to burn them during the first World War. and sll p)lly a M:tnche 2. Quarrying The Millatoneo The o l de~n quarry in this distr-ict i ~" at 3 pb.ce c:tlled u The Millstones." Here they used to split the stones with lime. It was here that millstones were made. John Wilson, the Antiquary. who lived 1719-1730 ( ?) says millstones were, for time OUt or mind, got in some closes adjoining Whitwell Moor called the " Millstones." One or two yet remain. These stone• are Rat on the underside and convex on the top side. The thickness at the edge, six inches. and about four feet six inches in diameter. The hole is round and taJ~rs from a diameter of ten inches at the crown, to seven inches at the base. One stone is perfect. T hree more arc roughly blocked out, but have no holes. There wa• one of these stones in the corn mill in Yewden, when Mr. John Creswick wns the miller About 1895 there was one in use which wa s worn to a t hird of its thickness. Tt w:\s u~ed when there w·H unt !il ufficien t w:1tcr tn rl rivc the !\tones. 22 Creenmoor ~Ir. Johu \·Vood. o f Penistouc, who died in 1888. mention " in the hnok he "rote called ·· l Town Quarry, Bolsterslone Beyond llolst~rstune there i~ a tPwn qu~u ry . where uny ouc living iu the l\fanor of Bolsh:l':itonc could gu and get thPir own stone Cur Uuilding purposes. h now belonJls to the <;tocksbridgc Council. Townend Quarries Jo;eph ~iddons and :\hraharl1 Grayson bou~:"ht Tnwncnd Cm-nrnon from J nhn Rimmingtnn in 1803. Joo;eph SiddonS; took the west side and .\braham Grav.,.on 1he c:lSl side of the common. They quarrit d a large po.:'1i on of it for fire 5tone. ( :\ sample of thi, stone when analysed contained 92 per cent. silica.) Tt was dcli vcrcrl i11 eno n nous qua ntities to lhe iron and steel furnace; in <;hefficld ancl Thorncliffc. \ quantity ol ~tone-dressers were constant ly employed. in addition to t he men wlw quarried it, aq; ;::ome of the "tunc" had to lx: supplied to ;;,pc('"ified dimension,, ~Ir. Kcnworah" gtl\e two monthh· acrount~ in his hook called "Clay. Fi restone and Ganister." These quarries we re cln'iC(I down abuut 60 year-, aJ.to when ganister wa'> bein~ u-.ed iur the ...arne purpn~e. Sixteen (eet under this fires tc nc a lt )t of ganhner was got later on. Lane Quarr y .-\ man nnmc(l John Helhwell was the firs t to ~:et ·Houc at Lane Quarry. l-Ie had to go and take hi;; hor-=:e tn hel1• to prf•ten the ~uuth·east coa~1 ::n the time tvhen X:tpoleon was threa ~ening 10 invade England. \\'ade Hawley who wa~ pu~t man tor many ye:trs at Stuck~hridge worked at this quarry a~ ;t buy, mashing tea for the men. ROADS The Pack Horse Koad which came from Sheffield ~ •-t started up the hillside throug-h Birley Car (at that time ca led Burnley Car) up to about 1800, came down " Jaw Bone Hit; - onto t he valley and crossed the Bridge at Oughtibridge. Ther went forward up the hill " " the other side or the valley uy Cocltshutts Lane, fina lly arriving a t a place called .. Hill Top. This road had a toll-bar which was removed nn the 25th 1\'ovember, 1875. From Hill Top the J'ack llo"e Road starts again do'" the hill and about hall-way branches out into two roads. The lir T he second road go~s past the bottom of Glen Howe over the brook and on the lane to Brightomlee, then down the valley across Emmet Bridge ;md th rough More Hall Yard up the hi ll side continuing to climh the Saddlel>ack (also called t he Pack Horse Road), nvcr the top of t he hil l by Hollin Edge, down the old road behind T ownend House and into l)eepcar to the Deepcar Corn Mill. There are still trace• ol these old Pack Horse Roads ii people will take the troul,!e to lind them. There are four different roads which were used from Emmet Bridge during the time that the Pack Horse Road wa< in use. These were:- I. Throug h More Hall Yard, up the Saddleback Road and down behind T owncn 24 T he o1d rttad l o Brunmhead Mill from 13uldcrstune wa'= called Cooper Car N.oad which continued down the steel> hetow Yew Trees Farm (but on the opposite side of the road). There is the entrance still to be ~e en. It was UJ>held by the £cclesfield J'arish at laq:e and there was a meeting held at Bolderstone about the repair of the old road when the new road was made to Broomhead Mil l Bridge, and Eccles field gave £80 Os. Od. to be out of the respousibility of upholding and repairing the road. Bolderstone refused to take the road in charge. A list <>i people who attended the meeting were:- '-f r. George Senior, Bol The road from the ~lillstone, to L'11 .-\ fl)ad which comes up th(' hill.,ide from Deepcar Bnbttrstcme. \\ hich is nuw called CO("k .... hed .... , wa~ matle b, a person call ed Cockshutts. · More Hall l\lo re Hall ha, been rebuilt. It wa' the re,irlence oi 1 < :\[ore:-.. The original house was built in the rei,l{ll of Que\·n Eli zabeth I. It wa< b<•ught l>y the Earl oi \\'harncliff~ 1862. :\ow belong> to the Sheffiehl Corporation. 26 Broomhead Hall Broomhead llall which stands between the moors and Yewden dates from 1311, when t he first house was built there. T he .se<.·ond was e rected in 1640, and the present buildi ng in 1831. The Rimington Wilsons have lived there lor generations. ln the front doorway one could sec the querns discovered in the Bardike. A beautiful o•k table which stands in the I tall was made in 1588, from Spanish Armada timlxor. This table is supposed to •tay in the HaiL Ewdeo Valley Reservoir s Two reservoirs were started by the Sheffield Corporation in Ycwden Valley about 1913. The part to be used as reservoir. was marked out with railings a nd let to th" local farmers for grazing purpose~ until needrd. About 600 navvi.s and their families came to live in the village which was built there to accommodate the workpeople. One or two shops, a recreation hall aud :. place o f ·worship were added. Y ewckn Valley Bridges Before the reser voirs were made in Yewden Valley there were four bridges. First Yewden Bridge, Broomhead Mill Bridge, N'ew Mill Bridge and Emmet Bridge. Three have been taken down. Yewden Bridge i~ s till in uFc. BOLSTERSTONE Bolsterstone is a village standing on the top of a hill, overlooking the lovely Yewdcn Valley. The two Sheffield reserv oir~ called Rroomhead and Yewden stand in the bottom and are a boundary mark. On the other side you get the Industrial Valley of StO<'ksbridge, with Hunshell Bank on one side. The Little Dun ~ow s down the hills and moors from its source abt\ut four miles from Penistor1 <: and goe$ through the centre of the steelworks o f Samuel Fox & Company, passing through Deepcar, the bottom of Wharncliffe WOQ Walder's Low situated just outside Bolst erstone village s tanfl!' unc thflll!'l:uul ~\nd nine feet ahovc sea lcvrl. !J Many people think that at one time a Castle stood at Bolsterstone, but there is no record of one. The Normans were the Castle builders. and had one been built it would h:1ve been recorded. In the wall of the Porter's Lodge when it was restored in the year 1888 by .Mr. Rirnmington Wilson, was a tablet. On it was the supposed date of the doorway which was 1250. Facing the Porter's Lodge is a field, now called Smithy field, in earlier days called Court field. While excavaling und er th e guidance of Canon Wilson in 1878 in this field, the foundation o f a large build ing was found, and later on when Miss Hollin was extending her ho use, on the west s ide of this fi eld, some mo re remains were found with a foundation ten feet wide. On the south side of t his fi eld stands a wall of dressed stone, at one time a yard wide, but very low. Jn early years the children used to skip on it. Jt was built up in one layer of stone to about five feet high just over a hundred years ago. A footpath runs along the side of this wall, skirting the top of a quarry. and comes out at Cote Farm. In t he stone fence beyond this dressed wall, are some very la rge stones, some of them laid fl at at the bottom of the fence; a few of them stand upright, as t hey did long before the fence was built. To find out what these remains have heeu in Smithv Field we shall have to go back to the lime o f the Do1nesday Survey. When the Survey was taken all the places were taken together in Hallamshire and this is what it stated {at this period Hallamshire was called Hallam); Jn Hallamshire there are s ixteen berewicks, and the authority info rms us that the whole Manor (including the berewicks) contained t wenty nin e carucates or plough lands. The acreage o f the carucate varied according to system of tinlage. There may have been as much as 180 acres of ploug hed land in the Manor, worth in Edward the Confessor's relgn eight marks o f s ilver, and at the time of the Domesday Survey U Os. Od. Between these two p-eriods it had lost fi ve · si:x th ~ of its value. [ t also informs us t hat Earl VValtheof ( who was the ~on o f Swiard) had an Aula in Hallam. Now the A ula of the Domesday Book means the" Hall of t he Norseman," a word applied to a King's or an Earl's Palace, ;111d not to a private dwelling. Where this great Hall stood in Ha11amshire is not known. Hunter writing in· his history of Hallamshire mentions Rivelin as a likely place, Cat ty and Leader thought it would be where Sheffield Castle stood. But this seems v'ery unlike ly ::.s Sheffield was a separate ·Manor. Mr. S. Addy in his hook called the " Hall o i Waltheof" m ent i on~ Hallam a~ the p l a~.:e wltcre thi:-: t\ula stood, h1..1t rw Z8 traee of any building of this kind has been found there. 1 suggest this llall or Aula could be at Bolsterstone, and would stand in what we call ~mith,- field to-dav. In 1~60 Bobter "tnne wa!li called ·• Bal5terst0n '' (here w~ get a meaning) it mean< the" llome oi the Chiei." :\Jr. Wil-on (the \nt iquary) thought Bobter.tone would get its name from the two large stones which '"ed to be on the ,·iJiage green , but ha,·e ~ince heen moved into the Church"ard lH· Canon \\'il The rain water would l>e caug ht o utside the Church a nd run into the stone ba::.in in t he wall . to he ul\cd for hctptisms. The tnp ~tone is broken. T1 state. in Hunter'> ·• Hallamshire ., tha1 during the period that the Rockleys were in possession oi Bolster.stone ~lanor a Chapel was founded at Bolster< tone in I~ 12 which wa~ at first nothing but a pri\·ate Chantry, thrmgh it came at length to be used as a plate of worship ior the inhahitants oi the diSirict. This could not ha\'e been the fir.t because when one oi the :;(mS u( t he late Canon \Vih~on was c.Jning :o.ome research work in the library of Bishopthorpe, he found some old documents which proved there had been a Chapel and a Priest at Bolsterstone in the twelfth or thirteenth century. Mr. John Wilson has the foll owing memoranda of the old Chapel. " Over the entrance of the Chapel yard door at Bolsterstone-1687. Upon the east side of Bolsterstone, a turret, where the bell hangs- 1707. A new bell was bought about September- 1739. This bell still hangs in the tower." Mark Stanley, the clerk of Bolsterstone Chapel, said that the house adjoining the Chapel formerly belonged to it and that there had been a door out o f the house into the Chapel. This looks like the old system of building the Chapel and the Manor House under one roof and it looks by the dates that J ohn Wilson mentioned that the Chapel was rebuilt or restored in 1687 and 1707. In 1727 an Assize trial t ook place when the Lord of the Manor successfully resisted a claim of the Vicar of Ecclesfield to present to the perpetual curacy the right of presentation and it is now in the hands of the Lord of the Manor of Bolsterstone in Waldershelf. The Reverend T. Bland pulled down the old Chapel in 1791 and erected a new {l ne. It was a very plain building with a bell-turret. The Reverend Alfred Gatty writing about this Chapel in his book called "A Life at One Living" stated it looked more like a factory than a Church. Its ugliness and not its antiquity condemned it. T he builder was John Ridal. The present Ch urch was built by the Reverend W. M . Wilson. The Chancel and Tower were built first. This part of the work was commenced in 1872 and completed in 1873 at a cost of £1,800 Os. Od. In June, 1878, the old Nave was used for the last time, for divine_ service, and on the 7th August, 1878. the foundation stone was laid of the new Nave bv R. H. Rimmington Wilson (The Lord of the Manor). It wa·s completed in May, 1879 in the 15th Century style. Mr. J ohn Brearley contracted for the stonework and Mr. J oseph W ain wright for the woodwork. The new building was opened by the Archbi shop of York in June, 1879. The rebuilcling of the Church cost over £5,000 Os. Od . The Reverend John Bell was incumbent of Bolsterstone from 1847 to 1862, later became Vicar of Fordham, Cambridge shire. Died Janua ry lOth, 1892. A meeting was called in the Bolst erstone National School on Monday, Febr1,1 a ry ·the 8th. 1892, with regard to placing a suitable memorial to Mr. Bell in the Church. Mr. Priam Hudson thought the best thing would be to put a peal of bells in the Church Tower, and Canon Wilson said it would be a very suitable memorial, but thought it would cost more money than could he coll ec t ed 30 111 the district. Mr. llud~uu !'aid n cuuld he collecte,l in lc,, than a month ami after the discussion the iullnwing re!~uluti un wa~ adopted:- ' 1 T'hi s meeting' cons iders it most desirable that a peal of bells s hould he placed in the tower of Bolsterstone Church as a memorial to the Hcvcrend John Bell." .-\ Commiuce wa, appointed to collect 'ubscriptions and £110 15s. Od. wa"' prurnio;;ed by thos~ whn were presrnt at the meeting. The object met with a read) re!'ponse. for in lc~ .. th:lll >ix week' £~85 o~. 0<1. had been ,uh 31 porch. The o ldest gravestone stands against the gable-end of the Church Farm. On it was cut "John Smith of Spink Hall-1740." A very interesting headstone stands on the west side of the Church porch and has a groove cut in the top. This g roove was used to rest the barrel of a gun in whilst watching out for body-snatchers. Two people over 100 years old have been buried in the Churchyard. One lived at Edge End Farm, More Hall Lane and the other at the Clough. Bolsterstone Endowed School Mr. J ohn Wilson, writing in 1741 says:- "The School at Bolsterstone was built by the t own when Mr. Henry Hodgkinson was Schoolmaster in 1687. One of the Ellis's gave £200 Os. Od. to teach the children, £50 Os. Od. of which was lost in the Civil Wars. Finding the Chapel very cold (where the schoolroom was) they built the school above mentioned and named it The E ndowed School. John Hodgkinson of London, the son of Henry Hodgkin son, formerly schoolmaster at Bolsterstone Free School left £1,366 13'>. 4d. as an endowment t o the said School and a third endowment was made by John Grayson of Spink Hall in 1869 of £2CO Os. Od. the same to be invested, and the interest thereof to be paid to the Schoolmaster for the time being to the said School for the free education of six boys and four girls, from the age of ten to fourteen years, in reading, writing, g rammar, a rithmetic and good manners, such children to be natives and residents of Bolderstone, and t o be nominated by the Trustees o1 the said School. £50 Os. Od . of this donation was lost by an unfortunate investment. Bolsterstone Scholarship T he interest from thi£ money was the source of the Bolsterstone Scholarship contested for at the present time by the children of this district. The following facts in connection with the origin and history of this Parochia\ Charity may be of interest t o you. The boundaries were' the Little Don on the north, The Ewden Beck on the south, Langley Brook on the west and the River Don on the east. Children born inside this area could attend the Enowded School free of cost. Children born outside paid school fees. 32 Schoolmaaten of The Endowed School Mr. I larry Hodgkinson; Mr. Mark Stanley; Mr . .Mark ) Schoolmistresses (i nfants) Miss Ho n on ; Miss Boden ; Miss Bratt: Miss Turner; Miss Steel; Miss Cocking; Miss Brogden: Miss Fabram. Bolaterotone National School The National School which stands in the village wa. built in 1852. Both the Schools were amalgamated in 1885, the Upper or National School to be the mixed School for elder children, and the Endowed School for infants under a Mistress. The Endowed School was closed shortlv aiter the Modern Council School was built. )Irs. Rimmington Wilson laid the foundation stone of this School on August 6th, 1851. Mrs. Wilson'• Coat of Arms still remains in the centre of one of the big windows looking down towards Sheffield. Schoolmasters of The National School Mr. Jefferson; Mr. Wing: .1\'lr. William Mitchell : Mr. Frank Turner ; Mr. Cyril Garwood: Mr. R od~:er s. Conotables of Bolstentone .\lr. r\ron Elliott-Langley Brook )lr. John Jackson-Hollin Edge. )lr. Joshua Sanderson-Bolsterstone. )fr. jonathan Crayson-Storth House. Police Constables Mr. Richard Pickering; Mr. Hinde; Mr. Waterhouse; Mr. MacVittc. 33 Ancient Sports and Custom11 There are still remains of the whipping post and stocks, fenced round with an iron railing. Bear and Bullbaiting took place formerly in a disused quarry where the National School now stands. Bowls were played on the village green in 1647. Bolsterstone Water The village was supplied with water from four pumps. Later on it was brought from Whitwell Common and laid inside the houses. Gas used in Bolsterstone Messrs. S. Fox & Co. Laid down a gas main to the village of Bolsterstone in 1911. It was uoed in the Church for the first time on Sunday, December lOth, 1911. Electric Light Introduced into Bolsterstone district about 1949. First used in Bolsterstone Church, August 29th, 1954. J4 9lossary A.cden and Yewdea-Names or \ Brishtomi..,_Brightolmlcc w:ts t'31lcrl Brif{ h tom l ~. Bu•k- :\ ~on.e \vord meaning a '"''OOCI. Car-A bog. Caruute--As n1uch l:md as a tcnm can l')lough in a year, or one hundred atre!l :u six ~rc: to the acre. It varied, how~ver, in ex tent in ! different countit.. from 60 to llll acr(~t. Den-A Valley. • Owaraden- An~lo-Saxnn, Dwrol·.,a-(lc uu. " 'The Valit-y of Owarf~ " Echoe~. Ewden-Scc Yewdtn. Folk-na.me ~t-\Vilson,. Ja d~: HungerhiU- The Jl('(\f'll" knC'w '\\hat it wa"" tt1 be hun~r)'. tht" land ~":l'" so J)(l(')r. Knowle T op- Cnoll, KnClllr, a ~t u l l y routHird hill, ur the to p nr fr(\wn of ;, Jtill Low-A Burlal Ground, as in \\'alder's Low. Mill,tones-The toJ) or Long Lane. An old indu!!try. Millttone Wood- T he hor:ne o f Yew, t he Chid. Na~A name appli~l to a prommmt hill. Then are about .,ix n3h' in YorkJ~.hi re, o ne at Brad field. Nora~ Namu- Barn ~i( 1 c Moor, .Marg<'ry, Bu:o.k F lnt, Roy Uden-Se~ Yewd(n. Wahler-A !i'axon ChiC"f .iS Waldershelf-The name of the Bolsterstone side of Yewden Valley. Shelf is derived from the word "Scylf." This is a Norse word and means a turret or watch-tower. Walder's Low-The grave of Walder, the Chief. Wharncliffe-In olden days Wharncliffe Side was called Greenside. The road from Glen Howe-Green Lane. Wigtwizzle-A peculiar name meaning an old hamlet, Anglo-Saxon, gets its name from Wega-twisle (the fork of the roads). Wragg Holm-An Anglo-Saxon word used for a river island. Holm Farm which stands close by takes its name from this island. Yew-A Saxon Chief. Yewden-Also spelt Ewden and Uden. Derived from the name of the - ~ ·saxon Chief, Yew, and the word "den,'' a valley (= Yew's valley) (Anglo-Saxon). Yew Trees-Thought by some people to have some connection with Yew, the Saxon Chief. ...... ,-, 3o