©Slovenian Entomological Society, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at LJUBLJANA, DECEMBER 2002 Vol. 10, No. 2: 131-154 HARVESTMEN (OPILIONES) IN HUMAN SETTLEMENTS OF SLOVENIA Tone NOVAK1, Ljuba SLANA2, Natalija ČER VEK1, Mojca MLAKAR1, Nataša ŽMAHER1 and Jürgen GRUBER3 1 University of Maribor, Pedagogic Faculty, Department of Biology, Koroška 160, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail:
[email protected] 2 Ozare 31, SI-2380 Slovenj Gradec, Slovenia, e-mail:
[email protected] 3 Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, 3. Zool. Abteilung, Postfach 417, Burgring 7, A-1014 Wien, Austria, e-mail:
[email protected] Abstract Harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones) in human settlements of Slovenia were investigated examining opilionid collections deposited in Slovenia, and addi tional intensive investigations in 29 bigger urban centres. Altogether, data from 58 towns and villages have been treated. So far, 42 of 65 species and subspecies living in Slovenia have been found in the urban centres. Phalangium opilio and Nelima semproni have been found in every second, and Opilio saxatilis, Leiobunum rotun- dum, Trogulus nepaeformis s. 1., Opilio parietinus and Nemastoma bidentatum spar- sum in 20-40 % of settlements. There are three reasons for the relatively high num ber of harvestman species inhabiting towns and villages of Slovenia. First, the set tlements are relatively small and closely connected with neighbouring non-urban regions. Second, some primary habitats in settlements have not been destroyed either physically or chemically, thus the indigenous species live there continuously. Third, many secondary habitats are appropriate for inhabitation by some species. In respect to their origin, autochtonous and introduced species occur in human settlements.