DOCSLIB.ORG

Acknowledgements Acknowl

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Acknowledgements Acknowl 841 Acknowledgements Acknowl. A.3 Relativity Today C.16 The Initial Value Problem by Nick M. J. Woodhouse in General Relativity Part of this chapter was taken from: N.M.J. Woodhouse, by James Isenberg Special Relativity, Springer Undergraduate Mathemat- This work was partially supported by NSF grant PHY- ics Series (Springer, London, 2003) 0968612 at the University of Oregon. A.4 Acceleration and Gravity: C.19 Conserved Charges in Asymptotically Einstein’s Principle of Equivalence (Locally) AdS Spacetimes by Lewis Ryder by Donald Marolf, William Kelly, Sebastian Fischetti It is my pleasure to acknowledge helpful conversations This work was supported in part by the National Sci- and correspondence on this subject with Domenico ence Foundation under Grant Nos PHY11-25915 and Giulini, Robert Low, Steve Lyle, Bahram Mashhoon, PHY08-55415, and by funds from the University of Bijan Sheikholeslami-Sabzevari, and Robin Tucker, and California. DM also thanks the University of Colorado, to thank Volker Perlick for his kind invitation to the Boulder, for its hospitality during this work. Bad Honnef seminar on Problems and Developments of Classical Electrodynamics, where these conversations D.25 Quasi-local Black Hole Horizons took place. by Badri Krishnan I am grateful to Abhay Ashtekar for valuable discus- B.10 The Nature and Origin sions and suggestions. I also thank Ingemar Bengtsson of Time-Asymmetric Spacetime Structures and Jose Senovilla for valuable comments. by H. Dieter Zeh I wish to thank Claus Kiefer for his comments on an D.26 Gravitational Astronomy early draft of this manuscript. by B. Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash In writing this review I benefitted from discussions B.11 Teleparallelism: A New Insight into Gravity with Bernard Schutz. I would like to thank Professor by José G. Pereira V. Petkov for inviting me to write this review and for The author would like to thank R. Aldrovandi for his his patience and encouragement to finish it. long-standing collaboration in the development of the ideas presented in this monograph. He would like to D.27 Probing Dynamical Spacetimes thank also FAPESP, CAPES and CNPq for partial fi- with Gravitational Waves nancial support. by Chris Van Den Broeck The author is supported by the research programme of B.12 Gravity and the Spacetime: the Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter An Emergent Perspective (FOM), which is partially supported by the Nether- by Thanu Padmanabhan lands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO). It The author would like to thank Sunu Engineer for sev- is a pleasure to thank M. Agathos, K.G. Arun, J.F.J. van eral discussions. The research is partially supported by den Brand, N. Cornish, W. Del Pozzo, K. Grover, J.C. Bose research grant of DST, India. M. Hendry, I.S. Heng, B.R. Iyer, T.G.F. Li, I. Man- del, C. Messenger, C.K. Mishra, A. Pai, M. Pitkin, B.13 SpacetimeandthePassageofTime B.S. Sathyaprakash, B.F. Schutz, P.S. Shawhan, by George Ellis, Goswami Rituparno T. Sidery, R. Sturani, M. Tompitak, M. Vallisneri, We thank C. Clarkson, R. Tavakol, and T. Clifton for A. Vecchio, J. Veitch, S. Vitale, and N. Yunes, for fruit- helpful comments. ful discussions. I would like to acknowledge the LIGO 842 Acknowledgements Acknowl. Data Grid clusters, without which some of the simu- ERC Advanced Grant 291092, Exploring the Quantum lations described here could not have been performed. Universe (EQU). JJ acknowledges a partial support of Specifically, these include the computing resources sup- the International PhD Projects Program of the Founda- ported by National Science Foundation awards PHY- tion for Polish Science within the European Regional 0923409 and PHY-0600953 to UW-Milwaukee. Also, Development Fund of the European Union, agreement I thank the Albert Einstein Institute in Hannover, sup- no. MPD/2009/6 as well as support from grant DEC- ported by the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, for use of the 2012/06/A/ST2/00389 from the National Science Cen- Atlas high-performance computing cluster. tre Poland. RL acknowledges support through several Projectruimte grants by the Dutch Foundation for Fun- E.28 Einstein’s Equations, Cosmology, damental Research on Matter (FOM). and Astrophysics by Paul S. Wesson F.38 Spin Foams Thanks go to the students who in the past asked good by Jonathan S. Engle questions and to the colleagues who shared their re- The author thanks his wife, Sabine Engle, for careful search, notably on higher-dimensional relativity (http:// assistance with the figures in this chapter, the editors www.5dstm.org/). and an anonymous referee for assistance in improv- ing the chapter, and Christopher Beetle for pointing E.31 Exact Approach to Inflationary Universe out reference [39.40]. This work was supported in Models part by the National Science Foundation through grant by Sergio del Campo PHY-1237510 and by the National Aeronautics and This work was supported by the Comision Nacional de Space Administration through the University of Central Ciencias y Tecnologia through FONDECYT Grant No. Florida’s NASA–Florida Space Grant Consortium. 1 110 230 and also was partially supported by PUCV Grant No. 123 710. F.39 Loop Quantum Cosmology by Ivan Agullo, Alejandro Corichi F.34 Quantum Gravity via Causal Dynamical We would like to thank A. Ashtekar, P. Singh, and Triangulations W. Nelson for discussions and collaboration. I.A. by Jan Ambjørn, Andrzej Görlich, Jerzy Jurkiewicz, thanks the Marie Curie program of the EU for Renate Loll funding. This work was partly funded by DGAPA- JA and AG thank the Danish Research Council for fi- UNAM IN103610, CONACyT CB0177840, and NSF nancial support via the grant Quantum gravity and the PHY0854743 grants and by the Eberly Research Funds role of black holes, and the EU for support through the of Penn State. 843 About the Authors Ivan Agullo Chapter F.39 University of Cambridge Ivan Agullo studied Physics at the University of Valencia, Spain, and obtained a PhD Authors Department of Applied Mathematics and in theoretical Physics in 2009. Currently, Dr. Agullo is a Marie Curie Postdoctoral Theoretical Physics Fellow at the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University Cambridge, UK of Cambridge. He joined Louisiana State University in August 2013 as an Assistant Louisiana State University Department of Physics & Astronomy Professor of Physics. Dr. Agullo’s research has focused on the interplay between Baton Rouge, USA gravitation and the quantum theory, with contributions to the theory of quantized fields [email protected] in curved space-time and loop quantum gravity, especially to the physics of black holes and the early universe. Jan Ambjørn Chapter F.34 Copenhagen University Jan Ambjørn earned his PhD from the Niels Bohr Institute, Copenhagen in 1980, had The Niels Bohr Institute postdoc positions at Caltech, Pasadena and Nordita, Stockholm. He was Professor Copenhagen, Denmark at the Niels Bohr Institute from 1985 – 2003, at Utrecht University 2003-2010, and Radboud University Nijmegen is Professor at Radboud University, Nijmegen since 2012. His research areas are in Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP) quantum field theory, random surfaces, and string theory as well as quantum gravity. Nijmegen, Netherlands [email protected] Neil Ashby Chapter D.24 NIST Professor Neil Ashby received a BA degree (Summa Cum Laude) in Time and Frequency Division Physics from the University of Colorado, Boulder, in 1955, MSc and Boulder, USA PhD degrees from Harvard University, Cambridge. In 1962, he joined the [email protected] Faculty of the Department of Physics at the University of Colorado. He has been a Professor of Physics there since 1970 and was Department Chair from 1984–1988. He is an Associate at the Time and Frequency Division of NIST, working on relativistic effects on clocks, global time synchronization, and on quantum effects in atomic fountains. In 2005 he received the F.K. Richtmyer Award from the American Association of Physics Teachers. Beverly K. Berger Chapter C.21 Livermore, USA Dr. Beverly K. Berger retired from the US National Science Foundation [email protected] where she was Program Director for Gravitational Physics from late 2001 until the end of 2011. She had spent 24 years as a faculty member at Oakland University (Michigan, USA), eventually becoming Professor and Department Chair. She received her undergraduate education in Physics at the University of Rochester and her PhD in Physics at the University of Maryland. Her research field is theoretical gravitational physics with recent emphasis on singularities and other properties of cosmological spacetimes. In 1995, she founded the American Physical Society’s Topical Group in Gravitation (GGR) and was elected Vice Chair of GGR in 2012. 844 About the Authors Orfeu Bertolami Chapter D.22 Universidade do Porto Orfeu Bertolami is Professor of Theoretical Physics at Departamento de Física Faculdade de Ciências, Departamento de e Astronomia of the Faculdade de Ciências of Universidade do Porto, Portugal. Física e Astronomia He received his PhD in Theoretical from the University of Oxford, UK in 1987, Porto, Portugal and M.Sc. degrees from the University of Cambridge, UK, and Instituto de Física [email protected] Teórica in São Paulo, Brazil. His research interests include Cosmology, Classical and Quantum Gravity, Mathematical and Physical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics and Fundamental Physics in Space. He has been member of the Galileo Science Authors Advisory Committee of the European Space Agency (ESA). Robert T. Bluhm Chapter D.23 Colby College Robert Bluhm is the Sunrise Professor of Physics at Colby College in Waterville, Department of Physics and Astronomy Maine. He received his PhD in theoretical physics from The Rockefeller University Waterville, USA in 1988, and was a postdoc at Indiana University. He has been at Colby College since [email protected] 1990. Robert’s main interests are in fundamental symmetries in particle physics and gravity.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Inhomogeneous Cosmology with Numerical Relativity
    PHYSICAL REVIEW D 95, 064028 (2017) Inhomogeneous cosmology with numerical relativity Hayley J. Macpherson,* Paul D. Lasky, and Daniel J. Price Monash Centre for Astrophysics and School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia (Received 16 November 2016; published 17 March 2017) We perform three-dimensional numerical relativity simulations of homogeneous and inhomogeneous expanding spacetimes, with a view toward quantifying nonlinear effects from cosmological inhomoge- neities. We demonstrate fourth-order convergence with errors less than one part in 106 in evolving a flat, dust Friedmann-Lemaître-Roberston-Walker spacetime using the Einstein Toolkit within the Cactus framework. We also demonstrate agreement to within one part in 103 between the numerical relativity solution and the linear solution for density, velocity and metric perturbations in the Hubble flow over a factor of ∼350 change in scale factor (redshift). We simulate the growth of linear perturbations into the nonlinear regime, where effects such as gravitational slip and tensor perturbations appear. We therefore show that numerical relativity is a viable tool for investigating nonlinear effects in cosmology. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.95.064028 I. INTRODUCTION spacetimes [41], the propagation and collision of gravita- tional wave perturbations [42,43] and linearized perturba- Modern cosmology relies on the cosmological principle— tions to a homogeneous spacetime [44,45]. More recent that the Universe is sufficiently homogeneous and isotropic work has continued to include symmetries to simplify the on large scales to be described by a Friedmann-Lemaître- numerical calculations, e.g. Refs. [46,47]. Robertson-Walker (FLRW) model. Cosmological N-body Simulations free of these symmetries have only emerged simulations, e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • 8.962 General Relativity, Spring 2017 Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Physics
    8.962 General Relativity, Spring 2017 Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Physics Lectures by: Alan Guth Notes by: Andrew P. Turner May 26, 2017 1 Lecture 1 (Feb. 8, 2017) 1.1 Why general relativity? Why should we be interested in general relativity? (a) General relativity is the uniquely greatest triumph of analytic reasoning in all of science. Simultaneity is not well-defined in special relativity, and so Newton's laws of gravity become Ill-defined. Using only special relativity and the fact that Newton's theory of gravity works terrestrially, Einstein was able to produce what we now know as general relativity. (b) Understanding gravity has now become an important part of most considerations in funda- mental physics. Historically, it was easy to leave gravity out phenomenologically, because it is a factor of 1038 weaker than the other forces. If one tries to build a quantum field theory from general relativity, it fails to be renormalizable, unlike the quantum field theories for the other fundamental forces. Nowadays, gravity has become an integral part of attempts to extend the standard model. Gravity is also important in the field of cosmology, which became more prominent after the discovery of the cosmic microwave background, progress on calculations of big bang nucleosynthesis, and the introduction of inflationary cosmology. 1.2 Review of Special Relativity The basic assumption of special relativity is as follows: All laws of physics, including the statement that light travels at speed c, hold in any inertial coordinate system. Fur- thermore, any coordinate system that is moving at fixed velocity with respect to an inertial coordinate system is also inertial.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Existence and Uniqueness of Static, Spherically Symmetric Stellar Models in General Relativity
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 8-2015 On the Existence and Uniqueness of Static, Spherically Symmetric Stellar Models in General Relativity Josh Michael Lipsmeyer University of Tennessee - Knoxville, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes Part of the Cosmology, Relativity, and Gravity Commons, and the Geometry and Topology Commons Recommended Citation Lipsmeyer, Josh Michael, "On the Existence and Uniqueness of Static, Spherically Symmetric Stellar Models in General Relativity. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 2015. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/3490 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Josh Michael Lipsmeyer entitled "On the Existence and Uniqueness of Static, Spherically Symmetric Stellar Models in General Relativity." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Master of Science, with a major in Mathematics. Alex Freire, Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: Tadele Mengesha, Mike Frazier Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) On the Existence and Uniqueness of Static, Spherically Symmetric Stellar Models in General Relativity A Thesis Presented for the Master of Science Degree The University of Tennessee, Knoxville Josh Michael Lipsmeyer August 2015 c by Josh Michael Lipsmeyer, 2015 All Rights Reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • Spectral Distortion in a Radially Inhomogeneous Cosmology
    Dartmouth College Dartmouth Digital Commons Dartmouth Scholarship Faculty Work 11-5-2013 Spectral Distortion in a Radially Inhomogeneous Cosmology R. R. Caldwell Dartmouth College N. A. Maksimova Dartmouth College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.dartmouth.edu/facoa Part of the Cosmology, Relativity, and Gravity Commons Dartmouth Digital Commons Citation Caldwell, R. R. and Maksimova, N. A., "Spectral Distortion in a Radially Inhomogeneous Cosmology" (2013). Dartmouth Scholarship. 1962. https://digitalcommons.dartmouth.edu/facoa/1962 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Work at Dartmouth Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dartmouth Scholarship by an authorized administrator of Dartmouth Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Spectral Distortion in a Radially Inhomogeneous Cosmology R. R. Caldwell1 and N. A. Maksimova1 1Department of Physics & Astronomy, Dartmouth College, 6127 Wilder Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755 USA (Dated: October 16, 2013) The spectral distortion of the cosmic microwave background blackbody spectrum in a radially inhomogeneous spacetime, designed to exactly reproduce a ΛCDM expansion history along the past light cone, is shown to exceed the upper bound established by COBE-FIRAS by a factor of approximately 3700. This simple observational test helps uncover a slew of pathological features that lie hidden inside the past light cone, including a radially contracting phase at decoupling and, if followed to its logical extreme, a naked singularity at the radially inhomogeneous Big Bang. I. INTRODUCTION Is the Universe playing fair with us? Are the laws of physics and the structure of space-time the same everywhere? It is a fundamental tenet of the Standard Cosmological Model that the answer is yes.
    [Show full text]
  • The Local Value of H0 in an Inhomogeneous Universe
    Prepared for submission to JCAP The local value of H0 in an inhomogeneous universe I. Odderskov,a S. M. Koksbang,a S. Hannestad,a aDepartment of Physics and Astronomy University of Aarhus, Ny Munkegade, Aarhus C, Denmark E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract. The effects of local inhomogeneities on low redshift H0 determinations are studied by estimating the redshift-distance relation of mock sources in N-body simulations. The results are compared to those obtained using the standard approach based on Hubble's law. The comparison shows a clear tendency for the standard approach to yield lower values of H0 than the approach based on the scheme using light rays. The difference is, however, small. More precisely, it is found that the overall effect of inhomogeneities on the determination of H0 is a small increase in the local estimates of about 0:3% compared to the results obtained with Hubble's law, when based on a typical distribution of supernovae in the redshift range 0:01 < z < 0:1. The overall conclusion of the study is a verification of the results that have earlier been obtained by using Hubble's law: The effects of inhomogeneities on local H0 estimates are not significant enough to make it plausible that differences in high- and low-redshift estimates of H0 are due to small inhomogeneities within the setting of standard cosmology. arXiv:1601.07356v2 [astro-ph.CO] 28 Jan 2016 Contents 1 Introduction1 2 Method for computing redshift-distance relations in N-body simulations at low redshift2 3 Mock observations4 3.1 Redshift distribution of sources4 3.2 Observers5 3.3 Lightcone snapshots6 3.4 Summary6 4 Results and discussion7 5 Summary 10 6 Acknowledgments 10 1 Introduction Overall, the ΛCDM model is consistent with observations at a remarkable level considering the model's simplicity compared to the real, inhomogeneous universe.
    [Show full text]
  • Dimensional Reduction and Spacetime Pathologies
    Dimensional Reduction and Spacetime Pathologies by Sergei Slobodov M.Sc., The St. Petersburg Technical University, 1985 M.Sc., The University of British Columbia, 2003 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in The Faculty of Graduate Studies (Physics) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) December 2010 c Sergei Slobodov 2010 Abstract Dimensional reduction is a well known technique in general relativity. It has been used to resolve certain singularities, to generate new solutions, and to reduce the computational complexity of numerical evolution. These ad- vantages, however, often prove costly, as the reduced spacetime may have various pathologies, such as singularities, poor asymptotics, negative en- ergy, and even superluminal matter flows. The first two parts of this thesis investigate when and how these pathologies arise. After considering several simple examples, we first prove, using pertur- bative techniques, that under certain reasonable assumptions any asymptot- ically flat reduction of an asymptotically flat spacetime results in negative energy seen by timelike observers. The next part describes the topological rigidity theorem and its consequences for certain reductions to three dimen- sions, confirming and generalizing the results of the perturbative approach. The last part of the thesis is an investigation of the claim that closed timelike curves generically appearing in general relativity are a mathematical arti- fact of periodic coordinate identifications, using, in part, the dimensional reduction techniques. We show that removing these periodic identifications results in naked quasi-regular singularities and is not even guaranteed to get rid of the closed timelike curves. ii Statement of Collaboration The research covered by this thesis is a collection of projects done either alone or in collaboration with or under supervision of Kristin Schleich, Don Witt and Johan Brannlund.
    [Show full text]
  • Inhomogeneous Cosmological Models and Averaging in Cosmology: Overview
    Home Search Collections Journals About Contact us My IOPscience Inhomogeneous cosmological models and averaging in cosmology: overview This article has been downloaded from IOPscience. Please scroll down to see the full text article. 2011 Class. Quantum Grav. 28 160301 (http://iopscience.iop.org/0264-9381/28/16/160301) View the table of contents for this issue, or go to the journal homepage for more Download details: IP Address: 194.94.224.254 The article was downloaded on 11/01/2012 at 09:53 Please note that terms and conditions apply. IOP PUBLISHING CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY Class. Quantum Grav. 28 (2011) 160301 (7pp) doi:10.1088/0264-9381/28/16/160301 EDITORIAL Inhomogeneous cosmological models and averaging in cosmology: overview 1. Introduction Cosmological observational data [1]1, when fitted using models based on the assumption of a spatially homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann–Lemaˆıtre–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) model plus small perturbations, are usually interpreted as implying that the spatial geometry is flat, there is currently an accelerated expansion and the majority of the matter in the Universe is dark, non-baryonic and cold, giving rise to the so-called CDM-concordance model (where the dark energy is interpreted as a positive cosmological constant ). The concordance model of cosmology is now operating on a well-established and tightly constrained empirical basis. However, although the concordance CDM model is remarkably successful, there does exist significant tensions between the data and the model [2]. Furthermore, if our Universe is not a perturbation of an exact flat FLRW solution, the conventional data analyses and their interpretation are not necessarily valid [3].
    [Show full text]
  • Observational Cosmology - 30H Course 218.163.109.230 Et Al
    Observational cosmology - 30h course 218.163.109.230 et al. (2004–2014) PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Thu, 31 Oct 2013 03:42:03 UTC Contents Articles Observational cosmology 1 Observations: expansion, nucleosynthesis, CMB 5 Redshift 5 Hubble's law 19 Metric expansion of space 29 Big Bang nucleosynthesis 41 Cosmic microwave background 47 Hot big bang model 58 Friedmann equations 58 Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric 62 Distance measures (cosmology) 68 Observations: up to 10 Gpc/h 71 Observable universe 71 Structure formation 82 Galaxy formation and evolution 88 Quasar 93 Active galactic nucleus 99 Galaxy filament 106 Phenomenological model: LambdaCDM + MOND 111 Lambda-CDM model 111 Inflation (cosmology) 116 Modified Newtonian dynamics 129 Towards a physical model 137 Shape of the universe 137 Inhomogeneous cosmology 143 Back-reaction 144 References Article Sources and Contributors 145 Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 148 Article Licenses License 150 Observational cosmology 1 Observational cosmology Observational cosmology is the study of the structure, the evolution and the origin of the universe through observation, using instruments such as telescopes and cosmic ray detectors. Early observations The science of physical cosmology as it is practiced today had its subject material defined in the years following the Shapley-Curtis debate when it was determined that the universe had a larger scale than the Milky Way galaxy. This was precipitated by observations that established the size and the dynamics of the cosmos that could be explained by Einstein's General Theory of Relativity.
    [Show full text]
  • A Poor Man's Positive Energy Theorem
    A poor man’s positive energy theorem Piotr T. Chru´sciel∗ D´epartement de Math´ematiques Facult´edes Sciences Parc de Grandmont F37200 Tours, France Gregory J. Galloway† Department of Mathematics University of Miami Coral Gables, FL, 33124, USA Abstract We show that positivity of energy for stationary, asymptotically flat, non-singular domains of outer communications is a simple corol- lary of the Lorentzian splitting theorem. A milestone in mathematical general relativity is the positive energy theorem [8, 10]. It is somewhat surprising that the standard proofs of this result do not have anything to do with Lorentzian geometry. In this note we prove energy positivity using purely Lorentzian techniques, albeit for a rather restricted class of geometries; it seems that in practice our proof only applies to stationary (with or without black holes) space-times. This is a much weaker statement than the theorems in [8, 10] and their various exten- sions, but the proof here seems of interest because the techniques involved are completely different and of a quite elementary nature. Using arguments rather similar in spirit to those of the classical singularity theorems [5], our proof is a very simple reduction of the problem to the Lorentzian splitting theorem [4]. (In lieu of the Lorentzian splitting theorem, one can impose ∗Partially supported by a Polish Research Committee grant 2 P03B 073 24; email [email protected], URL www.phys.univ-tours.fr/∼piotr †Partially supported by NSF grant # DMS-0104042; email [email protected] 1 the generic condition [5, p. 101], thereby making the proof completely el- ementary.) The approach taken here bares some relation to the Penrose- Sorkin-Woolgar [7] argument for positivity of mass, and indeed arose out of an interest in understanding their work.
    [Show full text]
  • Positive Energy-Momentum Theorem in Asymptotically Anti De Sitter Space-Times Daniel Maerten
    Positive energy-momentum theorem in asymptotically anti de Sitter space-times Daniel Maerten To cite this version: Daniel Maerten. Positive energy-momentum theorem in asymptotically anti de Sitter space-times. 2006. hal-00005122v3 HAL Id: hal-00005122 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00005122v3 Preprint submitted on 24 Jan 2006 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Positive Energy-Momentum Theorem for AdS-Asymptotically Hyperbolic Manifolds Daniel Maerten 1 The Energy-Momentum 1.1 Introduction This paper proves a positive energy-momentum theorem under the (well known in general relativity) dominant energy condition, for AdS-asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds. An AdS-asymptotically hyperbolic manifold is by definition a manifold (M,g,k) such that at infinity, the Riemannian metric g and the symmetric 2-tensor k tend respectively to the metric and second fundamental form of a standard hyperbolic slice of Anti-de Sitter (AdS). Chru´sciel and Nagy [19] recently defined the notion of energy-momentum of an asymptoti- cally hyperbolic manifold, which generalizes the analogous notion in the asymptotically flat case. Besides Chru´sciel and Herzlich [15] recently proved a positive mass theorem for asymp- totically hyperbolic spin Riemannian manifolds (with zero extrinsic curvature).
    [Show full text]
  • Observational Tests of Backreaction with Recent Data
    Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics Related content - Tension in the void: cosmic rulers strain Observational tests of backreaction with recent inhomogeneous cosmologies Miguel Zumalacárregui, Juan García- data Bellido and Pilar Ruiz-Lapuente - The cosmic microwave background in an inhomogeneous universe To cite this article: Matteo Chiesa et al JCAP12(2014)049 Chris Clarkson and Marco Regis - Testing the void against cosmological data: fitting CMB, BAO, SN and H0 Tirthabir Biswas, Alessio Notari and Wessel Valkenburg View the article online for updates and enhancements. Recent citations - The background Friedmannian Hubble constant in relativistic inhomogeneous cosmology and the age of the Universe Boudewijn F. Roukema et al - Averaged Lemaître–Tolman–Bondi dynamics Eddy G Chirinos Isidro et al - Angular distribution of cosmological parameters as a probe of space-time inhomogeneities C. Sofia Carvalho and Katrine Marques This content was downloaded from IP address 131.169.4.70 on 28/11/2017 at 11:25 ournal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics JAn IOP and SISSA journal Observational tests of backreaction with recent data JCAP12(2014)049 Matteo Chiesa,a,b Davide Mainoa and Elisabetta Majerottoc,b aUniversity of Milan, Physics Department, via Giovanni Celoria 16, Milan, Italy bINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, via Emilio Bianchi 46, Merate, Italy cDepartamento de F´ısica Te´orica and Instituto de F´ısica Te´orica, Universidad Aut´onoma de Madrid IFT-UAM/CSIC, 28049 Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Received June 3, 2014 Revised November 7, 2014 Accepted November 28, 2014 Published December 22, 2014 Abstract.
    [Show full text]
  • Energy Conditions in Semiclassical and Quantum Gravity
    Energy conditions in semiclassical and quantum gravity Sergi Sirera Lahoz Supervised by Professor Toby Wiseman Imperial College London Department of Physics, Theory Group Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science of Imperial College London MSc Quantum Fields and Fundamental Forces 2nd October 2020 Abstract We explore the state of energy conditions in semiclassical and quantum gravity. Our review introduces energy conditions with a philosophical discussion about their nature. Energy conditions in classical gravity are reviewed together with their main applications. It is shown, among other results, how one can obtain singularity the- orems from such conditions. Classical and quantum physical systems violating the conditions are studied. We find that quantum fields entail negative energy densities that violate the classical conditions. The character of these violations motivates the quantum interest conjecture, which in turn guides the design of quantum energy conditions. The two best candidates, the AANEC and the QNEC, are examined in detail and the main applications revisited from their new perspectives. Several proofs for interacting field theories and/or curved spacetimes are demonstrated for both conditions using techniques from microcausality, holography, quantum infor- mation, and other modern ideas. Finally, the AANEC and the QNEC will be shown to be equivalent in M4. i Acknowledgements First of all, I would like to express my gratitude to Prof. Toby Wiseman for supervising this dissertation. Despite the challenges of not being able to meet in person, your guidance and expertise have helped me greatly to stay on track. The simple and clear way in which you communicate ideas has stimulated my interest in the topic and deepened my comprehension.
    [Show full text]