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Srimad Bhagavatam Study Guide To Srimad Bhagavatam Canto One The Bhaktivedanta Academy 1.0. First Canto Chapter One: Six questions lay the foundation of the entire Srimad-Bhagavatam. 1.1. Chapter One, Questions by the Sages, verses summary. Srila Vyasadeva offers his obeisances to Lord Sri Krsna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, and immediately glorifies the Srimad Bhagavatam as completely pure, free from materially motivated activities, and especially nectarean having emamated from the lips of Sri Sukadeva Goswami. (1-3) The narration of the Bhagavatam begins in the holy place of Naimisaranya, where great sages first glorify Srila Suta Goswami, the speaker of the Bhagavatam, and then begin inquiring from him (4-8) The sages begin by posing three questions. (9-13) Then they glorify chanting and hearing about the Lord and request Suta to speak to them about the Lord and His incarnations. (14-20) After Suta describes that the Age of Kali has just begun, the sages then ask a final (sixth) question: "Now that Sri Krsna, the Absolute Truth, the master of all mystic powers has departed for His abode, please tell us by whom religious principles are presently protected." (21-23) 1.2. Along with six questions, First Canto Chapter One presents five conditions essential for proper understanding of the Bhagavatam. Unless these five conditions are accepted then the inquiry represented by the six questions will come to no fruit. These are summarized from the Bhaktivedanta Purports. (BVPS) 1.One should hear the pastimes, names, and glories of the Lord from the Srimad Bhagavatam, in which all material forms of religion are rejected, from a bona fide spiritual master. One should become fixed in devotional service, and not allow his mind to be deflected to anything else. Patiently and submissively hearing the Srimad Bhagavatam immediately re- establishes a soul in his eternal relationship with Krsna. All other goals are rejected in the Bhagavatam. (1-3) 2. One must hear the Bhagavatam from a bona fide representative of Vyasadeva. (4-8) Page 1 of 1 3. If both the speaker and the hearer are qualified, the hearer will easily understand the Absolute Truth, Sri Krsna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead. (9-13) 4. Hearing of the ever-fresh pastimes, names, and glories of Krsna will attract one away from the horrible Kali yuga trap of the material world to the eternal blissful spiritual realm. (14-20) 5. Because of the shortness of life that Kali Yuga brings, one should fear the dangers of Kali, accept the shelter of a bona fide spiritual master, and adopt the process recommended by Lord Caitanya for self realization in Kali Yuga: hearing and chanting Krsna's glories as told in the Bhagavad-gita and the Srimad-Bhagavatam. (21-23) Note: Whenever the marker BVPS appears in parentheses at the head of a section of this study guide, it stands for Bhaktivedanta Purports Summary. The reader should understand that material so marked does not consist of direct quotations of His Divine Grace A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada. To illustrate: in the paragraphs just above numbered 1-5, a great deal of information is condensed from Prabhupada’s purports. For example, paragraph 1 is condensed from the purports to verses 1 through 3 of Chapter One of the First Canto. Therefore “(1-3)” appears at the end of that paragraph. Often the reader will come to a section of this study guide that present a “philosophical summary” or “the philosophical significance” of a question, an answer, a chapter of the Bhagavatam etc. The marker (BVPS) at the head of such a section means it presents a condensation of Srila Prabhupada’s writings. Sometimes, however, the marker (BVP) is used. This stands simply for Bhaktivedanta Purport. Here the exact words from a purport are quoted (though not necessarily the whole purport is quoted). The verse that the purport comments upon is indicated in parentheses at the end of the section, For example. section 2.2. below ends with (8), which refers to the purport of verse 8. 1.3. Questions One through Six (the foundational questions of the Bhagavatam) as summarized by Srila Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura. Regarding the six questions of the sages, in his commentary on Srimad Bhagavatam 1.2.1, Visvanath Cakravarti Thakura has summarized the six questions that the sages of Namasaranya asked Suta Gosvami as follows: Page 2 of 2 1. What is the ultimate benefit for mankind? 2. What is the essence of all scriptures? 3. For what reason did the Lord take His birth from Devaki? 4. Describe the wonderful deeds of the Lord when He assumed the forms of Brahma, Rudra, etc, for the purpose of creating, maintaining, and destroying the universe. 5. Fully describe the activities of Lord Hari's incarnations within this universe. 6. Where has religion taken shelter after Krsna has retired to His own abode? 1.4. Where the answers to the six questions are to be found, according to Srila Jiva Gosvami (summary). Srila Jiva Gosvami has commented that of these six questions, four are answered in Chapter Two and two are answered in Chapter Three. 1.5. Questions One through Six and their answers in greater detail. Next the questions are specficially identified by verse, as are their answers: Question One (1.1.9): What is the absolute and ultimate good (sreyah) for people in general? Answer: After describing that devotional service to Sri Krsna was the essence of the scriptures, Suta explains that the ultimate benefit for people in general is to become free from material bondage and develop love of God through devotional service offered only to Krsna or His plenary parts. (Especially SB 1.2.6- 7, but also until verse 27) Question Two: (1.1.11): What is the essence of all scriptures? Page 3 of 3 Answer: Throughout the Second Chapter of the Bhagavatam and especially in SB 1.2.6-7, and continuing on to text 28, Sri Krsna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, is confirmed as the only object of worship, and establishing one's lost relationship with Him in love and service through devotional service is proclaimed as sum and substance of the Vedic literatures. Question Three (1.1.12): Tell why Krsna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead appeared (verse 13 may be included here – see purport). Answer: This question is answered in 1.2.34, "to reclaim those in the mode of pure goodness." In addition, this question is answered in 1.8.35, 9.4.61, 10.8.48-50, and 10.33.37. Question Four (1.1.17): Describe the activities of the incarnations of the Lord. Answer: The Lord's incarnations are described in Chapter Three of the First Canto. More detailed descriptions of the incarnations are recounted throughout the remainder of the Bhagavatam. Question Five (1.1.18): Tell us of the acts of Lord performs in relationship to creating the material world. (See purport). Answer: This question is answered in 1.2.30-33, wherein the Bhagavatam explains how Vasudeva creates the material substance and enters into it as the Purusa incarnations. In addition, Cantos Three and Four relate the creation of the universe and its population by all species. Question Six (1.1.23): Where have religious principles gone after Krsna's disappearance from this planet? Answer: Suta Goswami answers this question in SB 1.3.43 by declaring, “This Bhagavat Purana is as brilliant as the sun, and it has arisen just after the departure of Lord Krsna to His own abode, accompanied by religion, knowledge, etc. Persons who have lost their vision due to the dense darkness of ignorance in the age of Kali shall get light from this Purana.” Page 4 of 4 2.0 Srimad-Bhagavatam First Canto Chapter Two is Suta Gosvami’s answer to the first four foundational questions. The specific verses that reply to specific questions are noted before (2.5). Still, Chapter Two as a whole is to be understood as Suta’s general answer. 2.1. Chapter Two, Divinity and Divine Service, verses summary. Before replying, Suta Goswami first offers his obeisances to his guru, Srila Sukadeva Goswami, Lord Narayana, the sages Nara-Narayana Rsi, mother Sarasvati, and Srila Vyasadeva. (1-4) Suta praises the sages' inquiries, for they are about Krsna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead. He stresses the importance of the process of self-realization, and its goal--devotional service to Krsna. (5-10) Suta says further that since Krsna is the Absolute Truth, one must satisfy Him by devotional service. (11-15) He describes the gradual progress of consciousness of a devotee who overcomes the effects of the modes of nature and attains pure devotional service through the proper hearing of Srimad Bhagavatam and serving pure devotees. (16-22) Suta explains Lord Krsna's position as beyond the modes of nature. Those who are serious about liberation worship only Him, for the Lord is the Supreme goal of life. (23-29) The chapter ends with Suta's description of how the Lord, although transcendental to the material world, first creates the material world and then maintains His creation. (30-34) 2.2. Chapter Two summarized from a Bhaktivedanta Purport. (BVP) The need of the spirit soul is that he wants to get out of the limited sphere of material bondage and fulfill his desire for complete freedom. He wants to get out of the covered walls of the greater universe. He wants to see the free light and the spirit. That complete freedom is achieved when he meets the complete spirit, the Personality of Godhead. There is a dormant affection for God within everyone; spiritual existence is manifested through Page 5 of 5 the gross body and mind in the form of perverted affection for gross and subtle matter.
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