DOCSLIB.ORG

NIST Standard Reference Materials Catalog 1992-93

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
NIST Standard Reference Materials Catalog 1992-93 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE nist National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, Maryland 20893 Dear Colleague: The past year (1991) marked the 90th Anniversary of the National Institute of Standards and Tech- nology (NIST) formerly the National Bureau of Standards (NBS). As with other anniversaries, this is an opportunity to review the past and to plan and chart new directions for the future. At the 50th Anniversary of NBS, Dr. Vannevar Bush asked, "Should an agency that is committed to the duty of setting standards also do research?" In my opinion the answer to his question is very clear. Those who set scientific standards cannot limit themselves only to the application of science but must constantly seek to improve the state of the art of the measurement process that can only be achieved through a concomitant effort of applied and basic research. Within this precept lie the uniqueness and strengths of NIST Standard Reference Materials (SRMs). This catalog contains standards that were developed by scientists at NIST to aid and support indus- try, government, and science. Many of the SRMs were certified in cooperation with industry, others were certified using technology and scientific research based here at NIST. SRMs offered in this catalog can assure measurement compatibility and, in many cases, connect the measurement process to the "National Measurement System." The number and type of SRMs described in the catalog have increased to over 1,200 since our pre- vious issue. The catalog contains a guide and two revised indexes, each of which groups the SRMs and RMs according to a distinctive characteristic or descriptor. Please read the section entitled "How to Use This Catalog" as a starting point in examining NIST's available SRMs. Many of you have informed us by letter or personally at exhibits of the need for new SRMs. We hope that some of the new SRMs recently developed at NIST will meet your standards needs. We have endeavored to provide at least some modest growth in our certification activities to accommo- date your many requests. If you have a requirement that we currently do not meet, please contact us. There is a section in this catalog entitled "Guide for Requesting Development of Standard Ref- erence Materials," that will facilitate processing your requests. We appreciate your continued support for the SRM program and look forward to being able to serve you in the coming year. Sincerely, William P. Reed Chief Standard Reference Materials Program Qc 100 Standard Reference Materials Catalog 1992-93 NIST Special Publication 260 N. M. Trahey, Editor Standard Reference Materials Program National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, MD 20899 CAUTION: The values shown in the catalog are nominal values only. Users should consult the certificate issued with an SRM for the certified values. To Order Phone: (301) 975-OSRM (6776) See page 8 for Ordering Instructions U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Barbara Hackman Franklin, Secretary Technology Administration Robert M. White, Under Secretary for Technology National Institute of Standards and Technology John W. Lyons, Director Issued February 1992 National Institute of Standards and Technology Special Publication 260 Supersedes NIST Spec. Publ. 260, 1990-91 163 pages (February 1992) CODEN: XNBSAV U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON: 1992 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402 SRM and the SRM Logo The term SRM and the SRM logo are Federally registered trademarks of the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the Federal Govern- ment, who retain exclusive rights in the term. Permission to use the term and/or the logo is con- trolled by NIST as is the quality of the use of the term SRM and of the logo itself. Acknowledgments The editor acknowledges L. T. Best of SRMP—who arranged for the catalog photographs and designed the cover, and S. K. Maxwell of SRMP—who constructed the catalog's Numerical and Certificate Index. Very special thanks is due R. J. Pardee, formerly of NIST—who edited, proofread and performed catalog page layout adjustments, and I. E. Putman of NIST who electronically typeset this catalog in its entirety. iii Contents Page Abstract and Key Words 1 NIST Policy Regarding Use of Metric (SI) Units 2 How to Use This Catalog 3 Program Information Definitions 5 SRM Catalog 6 Preparation and Availability of Standard Reference Materials 6 Guide for Requesting Development of Standard Reference Materials 6 Ordering Standard Reference Materials General 8 Terms 8 Late Charges 9 Proforma Invoice (Price Quotation) 9 Domestic Shipments 9 Foreign Shipments 9 Documentation 9 Certified Reference Materials From Other Sources Special Nuclear Materials 10 Other Services of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Calibration and Related Measurement Services 11 National Standard Reference Data System 11 Accreditation of Testing Laboratories 11 National Center for Standards and Certification Information 12 Weights and Measures Programs 12 Proficiency Sample Program 12 Guide to SRM/RM Technical Categories 17 SRMs/RMs by Category 21 NIST Special Publications in the 260 Series 133 SRM/RM Indexes Subject 137 Numerical and Certificate 154 v Abstract and Key Words This catalog provides technical and general ordering information for the Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) and Reference Materials (RMs) currently available from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Standard Reference Materials Program (SRMP). The materials are arranged according to technical category and classified as follows: Standard Reference Materials for Chemical Composition; Standard Reference Materials for Physical Properties; and Standard Reference Materials for Engineering Materials. Technical descriptions are given for all materials and may include certified values. However, these values may be incomplete as they appear in the catalog and therefore cannot be referenced for actual measurement purposes. The certificates issued by SRMP are the only legitimate sources of certified infor- mation for NIST reference materials. Key Words: analysis, calibration, Certified Reference Materials, characterization, composition, concen- tration, material, measurement, property, quality assurance, quality control, Reference Materials, Standard Reference Materials, standardization. 1 NIST Policy Regarding Use of Metric (SI) Units In February 1991, the Director of NIST established the following policy: "In accordance with the Metric Conversion Act of 1975 as amended by Section 5164 of the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988 and as required by related provisions of the Code of Federal Regulations, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) will use the modem metric system of measurement units (International System of Units; abbreviation: SI) in all publications. When the field of application or the special needs of users of NIST publications require the use of non-SI units, the values of quantities will be first stated in SI units and the corresponding values expressed in non-SI units will follow in parentheses." This policy is part of the NIST Metric Transition Plan, developed in response to the legislation which mandates adoption of the SI system of units by all Federal agencies as the preferred system of weights and measures for United States trade and commerce. Governmental commitment to metrication has been further reinforced with the signing of Executive Order 12770 on July 25, 1991, by the President of the United States, which requires each Federal Agency to adopt use of the metric (SI) system into all its business-related activities by September 30, 1992. The technical information contained in this catalog is consistent with the above-stated NIST policy. Only SI units and symbols have been used to describe the reference materials contained herein. Therefore, abrogated or obsolete quantifiers (i.e., the term, ppm), no longer appear, but rather have been replaced with the correct SI term, (mg/kg), and reference material values previously expressed in only inch-pound units, have been converted to the appropriate SI units. [1,2] Due to space limitations, the non-SI units con- verted are not shown in the catalog. The user should consult those SRM and RM certificates where data have been expressed in both SI and non-SI units. Lastly, in cases where SI unit conversions are not in- volved, terms in widest current usage (i.e., Wt. %), have been adopted and applied consistently throughout the catalog. [1] ASTM E380-91 Standard Practice for Use of the International System of Units (SI) (the Modernized Metric System), ASTM, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103. [2] The International System of Units (SI), NIST Special Publication 330, 1991 Edition. 2 How to Use This Catalog The NIST Standard Reference Materials Catalog 1992-93 lists Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) and Reference Materials (RMs) issued by the NIST Standard Reference Materials Program. It consists of a guide and two (2) indexes, each of which groups the SRMs and RMs according to a distinctive characteris- tic or descriptor. Selection of the guide or one index over another to locate the information desired will depend on the user's prior knowledge of a specific SRM or RM and intended SRM or RM application. Guide to SRM/RM Technical Categories - This is a general listing based on the three major categories into which all the SRMs and RMs have been assigned. The categories are divided into sequentially numbered sections, each of which describes a material class or technical property class. The sections are further di- vided into subsections, each of which describes a specific type of material or technical property and the physical form(s) of the SRMs and RMs contained therein. The titles of the subsections are the descriptors for the tables comprising the catalog. EXAMPLE Category Standard Reference Materials for CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, 21 through 91 (page nos.) Section 102. Nonferrous Metals, 36 (page no.) Subsection Zinc Base Alloys (chip form), 43 (page no.) (Descriptor) SRM/RM Subject Index - This index is based on short word descriptors (one to four words) of the SRMs and RMs in the catalog.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,353,009 B2 Dantin Et Al
    US009353009B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,353,009 B2 Dantin et al. (45) Date of Patent: May 31, 2016 (54) DRY COMPOSITION BASED ON MINERAL (56) References Cited BNDER AND INTENDED FOR THE PREPARATION OF A HARDENABLE WET U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS FORMULATION FOR THE CONSTRUCTION 7,288,147 B2 10/2007 Christensen et al. INDUSTRY 2003. O144386 A1 7/2003 Pakusch et al. 2010, O190888 A1 7/2010 Gaeberlein et al. (75) Inventors: Véronique Dantin, Saint-Quentin Fallavier (FR); Paulo Goncalo, FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS Saint-Quentin Fallavier (FR); Stéphanie FR 2955103 T 2011 Persoz, Saint-Quentin Fallavier (FR) FR 2955 104 T 2011 OTHER PUBLICATIONS (73) Assignee: PAREXGROUP SA, Issy les Portland Cement Wikipedia (downloaded Feb. 3, 2015).* Moulineaux (FR) “Portland Cement Hydration” by Dr. Kimberly Kurtis, published online in 2007 at http://people.ce.gatech.edu/~kk92/hyd07.pdf.* (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this "Appendix A: Overview of Portland Cement and Concrete” (May 11, patent is extended or adjusted under 35 2015) http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve?tools/cpg/pdf app-a. U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. pdf. “Cement Chemist Notation” (May 11, 2015)http://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/Cement chemist notation. (21) Appl. No.: 13/513,498 “Portland cement” (Feb. 3, 2015) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port land cement. Zhu, H.; "Computer Simulated Crystal Structures of Major Chemical (22) PCT Fled: Mar. 9, 2012 Compounds in Portland Cement” Presentation at University of Mas sachusetts-Lowell, Jul. 20, 2009. (86) PCT NO.: PCT/EP2012/054166 S371 (c)(1), * cited by examiner (2), (4) Date: Jul.
    [Show full text]
  • An Introduction to Pozzolana and Pozzolanic Cement
    An Introduction to Pozzolana and Pozzolanic Cement INTRODUCTION: Pozzolana, also known as pozzolanic ash, is a fine, sandy volcanic ash. Pozzolanic ash was first discovered and dug in Italy at Pozzuoli , in the region around Vesuvius. It was later discovered at a number of other sites as well. Vitruvius speaks of four types of pozzolana: black, white, grey, and red, all of which can be found in the volcanic areas of Italy, such as Naples. Pozzolana is a siliceous and aluminous material which reacts with calcium hydroxide in the presence of water. This forms compounds possessing cementitious properties at room temperature which have the ability to set underwater. It transformed the possibilities for making concrete structures, although it took the Romans some time to discover its full potential. Typically it was mixed two-to-one with lime just prior to mixing with water. The Roman port at Cosa was built of Pozzolana that was poured underwater, apparently using a long tube to carefully lay it up without allowing sea water to mix with it. The three piers are still visible today, with the underwater portions in generally excellent condition even after more than 2100 years. Portland Pozzolanic Cements are a mix of natural or industrial pozzolans and Portland cement. In addition to underwater use, the high alkalinity of pozzolana makes it especially resistant to common forms of corrosion from sulphates. Once fully hardened, the Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC) will be stronger than Ordinary Portland Cement(OPC), due to its lower porosity, which also makes it more resistant to water absorption and spalling.
    [Show full text]
  • ( 12 ) United States Patent
    US010336652B2 (12 ) United States Patent (10 ) Patent No. : US 10 , 336 ,652 B2 Berodier et al. (45 ) Date of Patent: Jul. 2 , 2019 ( 54 ) ENHANCING CALCINED CLAY USE WITH 8 ,435 , 930 B2 * 5/ 2013 Woytowich .. C04B 28/ 02 106 /681 INORGANIC BINDERS 8 , 906 , 155 B2 12 /2014 Gasafi et al . ( 71 ) Applicant: GCP Applied Technologies Inc ., 9 ,212 ,092 B2 12 / 2015 Herfort et al. Cambridge , MA (US ) FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS ( 72 ) Inventors : Elise Berodier , Lausanne (CH ) ; CN 103613303 A * 3 /2014 Josephine H . Cheung , Lexington , MA EP 3109216 6 /2015 (US ) ; Nathan A . Tregger , KR 101219673 B1 * 1 / 2013 Northborough , MA (US ) WO 2016206780 6 / 2016 ( 73 ) Assignee : GCP Applied Technologies Inc ., OTHER PUBLICATIONS Cambridge , MA (US ) Sabir, B . B ., Wild , S . , & Bai, J ., Metakaolin and calcined clays as pozzolans for concrete: a review . Cement and Concrete Composites , ( * ) Notice : Subject to any disclaimer , the term of this 23 ( 6 ) , 441- 454 , 2001 . patent is extended or adjusted under 35 Siddique , R . , & Klaus , J . , Influence of metakaolin on the properties of mortar and concrete : A review . Applied Clay Science , 43 ( 3 ) , U . S . C . 154 ( b ) by 0 days. 392 -400 , 2009 . T . Chappex , K . L . Scrivener , The effect of aluminum in solution on (21 ) Appl . No. : 15 / 809, 530 the dissolution of amorphous silica and its relation to cementitious systems, J . Am . Ceram . Soc . 96 ( 2013 ) 592 - 597 . doi : 10 . 1111/ jace . (22 ) Filed : Nov . 10 , 2017 12098 . L . Nicoleau , E . Schreiner , A . Nonat , Ion - specific effects influencing Prior Publication Data the dissolution of tricalcium silicate , Cem .
    [Show full text]
  • Of 3 113.2 - Portland Cement Clinkers (Solid Form)
    113.2 - Portland Cement Clinkers (solid form) These SRMs provide certified values for the abundance of major phases in cement clinkers, i.e., the percentages of alite (C3S), belite (C2S), aluminate (C3A), and ferrite (C2(A,F)). NOTE: In cement chemist notation, C=CaO, S=SiO2, A=Al2O3 and F=Fe2O3. PLEASE NOTE: The tables are presented to facilitate comparisons among a family of materials to help customers select the best SRM for their needs. For specific values and uncertainties, the certificate is the only official source. Component (mass fraction, in %) Loss on Magnesium Manganese Alkali Aluminate Aluminum oxide Calcium oxide Iron oxide Ignition at oxide trioxide SRM Description Unit Size Alite (C3S) Sulfates (C 3A) (Al2O3) Aphthitalite Arcanite Belite (C2S) (CaO) Ferrite (C2AF) Free CaO (Fe2O3) 1000 ºC (MgO) (Mn2O3) 2686a Portland Cement Clinker 4 vials x 7 g |1 2 63.35 |1 2 |1 2 0.87 |1 2 |1 2 2.46 |1 2 |1 2 (3.70) |1 2 |1 2 0.74 |1 2 |1 2 0.27 |1 2 |1 2 18.68 |1 2 |1 2 (64.09) |1 2 |1 2 10.76 |1 2 |1 2 |1 2 |1 2 (3.65) |1 2 |1 2 (0.51) |1 2 |1 2 (4.81) |1 2 |1 2 (0.13) |1 2 2687a Portland Cement Clinker 5 vials x 8 g |1 2 57.88 |1 2 |1 2 |1 2 |1 2 9.56 |1 2 |1 2 (5.470 ) |1 2 |1 2 (0.16 ) |1 2 |1 2 (0.68 ) |1 2 |1 2 24.70 |1 2 |1 2 (66.172 ) |1 2 |1 2 6.27 |1 2 |1 2 (0.51 ) |1 2 |1 2 (2.403 ) |1 2 |1 2 (0.49 ) |1 2 |1 2 (1.035 ) |1 2 |1 2 (0.031 ) |1 2 2688 Portland Cement Clinker 3 vials x 10 g |1 2 64.95 |1 2 |1 2 |1 2 |1 2 4.99 |1 2 |1 2 (4.90) |1 2 |1 2 |1 2 |1 2 |1 2 |1 2 17.45 |1 2 |1 2 (66.50) |1 2 |1 2 12.20 |1 2 |1 2 (0.2) |1 2 |1 2 (4.07) |1 2 |1 2 (0.21) |1 2 |1 2 (0.98) |1 2 |1 2 (0.03) |1 2 - Certified values are normal font - Reference values are italicized - Values in parentheses are for information only Page 1 of 3 113.2 - Portland Cement Clinkers (solid form) These SRMs provide certified values for the abundance of major phases in cement clinkers, i.e., the percentages of alite (C3S), belite (C2S), aluminate (C3A), and ferrite (C2(A,F)).
    [Show full text]
  • Opportunities for Using Bauxite Residue in Portland Cement Clinker Production
    Opportunities for using bauxite residue in Portland cement clinker production Opportunities for using bauxite residue in Portland cement clinker production International Aluminium Institute: www.world‐aluminium.org Current IAI membership represents over 60 % of global bauxite, alumina and aluminium production. Since its foundation in 1972 (as the International Primary Aluminium Institute), the members of the IAI have been companies engaged in the production of bauxite, alumina, aluminium, the recycling of aluminium, or fabrication of aluminium or as joint venture partners in such. The global objectives of the Institute are: In 2016 the International Aluminium Institute undertook a review of opportunities for bauxite residue in all aspects of cement production and usage. This paper addresses the background to using bauxite residue in the production of Portland cement clinker, separate papers cover possible usage in calcium sulfoaluminate/special/sulfobelite cements and in supplementary cementious materials. 2 Opportunities for using bauxite residue in Portland cement clinker production Summary The prospects for using bauxite residue in Portland cement has been explored for over 80 years with many promising technical studies and several successful large scale commercial initiatives. The iron and aluminium compounds contained in the bauxite residue provide valuable additions in the production of Portland cement at a low cost. The best estimates are that between 1,000,000 to 1,500,000 tonnes of bauxite residue are currently used annually in the production of Portland Cement clinker. The cement plants currently utilising the bauxite residue in clinker production are based in China, Ukraine, India, Russia, Georgia, Moldova, Cyprus and Greece. From the evidence from the cement plants that are already using bauxite residue on an industrial scale, it is clear that bauxite residue can satisfactorily be used in cement clinker manufacture with only slight changes to their operating process.
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of Calcium Silicates on Immobilization of Fluorine in Aqueous Solution
    ISIJ International, Vol. 41 (2001), No. 5, pp. 513–518 Effect of Calcium Silicates on Immobilization of Fluorine in Aqueous Solution Hongye HE and Hideaki SUITO Research Institute for Advanced Materials Processing, Tohoku University, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577 Japan. (Received on December 18, 2000; accepted in final form on February 20, 2001) Immobilization of fluorine in aqueous solution with 2CaO · SiO2 (C2S) and 3CaO · SiO2 (C3S), and the effect of C2S and C3S on the fluorine immobilization with 3CaO · Al2O3 (C3A) and 12CaO · 7Al2O3 (C12A7) have been studied. The hydration products are identified by X-ray diffraction method and the fluorine-substituted com- pounds are confirmed by electron microprobe analysis. It is found that C3S appears more effective to immo- Ϫ Ϫ bilization of fluorine than C2S and (OH ) site in calcium silicate hydrates is substituted with F ion. The be- havior of fluorine immobilization by calcium aluminates changes with the addition of calcium silicates be- cause calcium silicates affect the formation of Ca3Al2(OH)12ϪxFx, which is the most effective calcium alumi- Ϫ nate hydrate in view of the incorporation of F ion. The fluorine immobilization with C12A7 can be promoted in the presence of appropriate amount of C2S or C3S. KEY WORDS: immobilization; fluorine; calcium silicate; calcium aluminate; hydration. 2. Experimental 1. Introduction 2.1. Materials Calcium silicates, 3CaO·SiO2 and 2CaO·SiO2, exist in cementitious materials such as Portland cement, slag-based 2CaO·SiO2 (C2S) and 3CaO·SiO2 (C3S) were prepared cement and steelmaking slag. Calcium silicate hydrate by sintering the mixtures of analytical grade CaCO3 and formed by cementitious reaction of calcium silicates in the SiO2 in an appropriate proportion at 1 400 and 1 600°C, re- presence of water is a well known host for a variety of spectively, for 2 d.
    [Show full text]
  • Portland Cement Clinker Standard Reference Materials Certificate Of
    National Institute of Standards & Technology Certificate of Analysis Standard Reference Material® SRM 2686 Portland Cement Clinker This Standard Reference Material (SRM) is intended for use in evaluating methods of phase abundance analysis of 1 2 major phases in cement clinkers: the percentages of alite (C3S) , belite (β-C2S), aluminate (C3A), ferrite (C4AF), and periclase (M). Each unit consists of three hermetically-sealed containers of approximately 10 g each of crushed portland cement clinker. The materials selected for SRMs 2686, 2687, and 2688 differ widely in phase abundance, crystal sizes, and distribution of crystals [1,2]. Certified Values: The certified values for SRM 2686, expressed as mass fractions, are provided in Table 1. A NIST certified value is a value for which NIST has the highest confidence in its accuracy, in that all known or suspected sources of bias have been investigated or accounted for by NIST. The certified values listed are based on the results of analyses performed at NIST using quantitative X-ray powder diffraction (QXRD) and from optical microscopy point count analyses conducted by both Construction Technology Laboratories, Inc. (CTL)3 and ASTM C 1.23 Microscopy Task Group (MPC) [3,4]. The MPC analyses followed ASTM C 1356M [5] and the QXRD used Reitveld refinement of powder diffraction data [6,7]. Sampling for the X-ray study allowed assessment of within and between vial homogeneity and found the materials to be homogeneous. The uncertainty listed with each value is an expanded uncertainty, with coverage factor 2, calculated by combining a between-method variance [8,9] with a pooled, within-method variance following the ISO/NIST Guide [10].
    [Show full text]
  • Downloaded And—Like Own Reference Data—Directly 204 Characterisedmatched with by Ditheff Eringsample Spectra Data
    heritage Article Raman Microspectroscopic Imaging of Binder Remnants in Historical Mortars Reveals Processing Conditions 1,2, , 2,3, Thomas Schmid * y and Petra Dariz y 1 BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany 2 School of Analytical Sciences Adlershof (SALSA), Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany; [email protected] 3 Bern University of Applied Sciences, Bern University of the Arts, Conservation-Restoration, Fellerstr. 11, 3027 Bern, Switzerland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected] These authors contributed equally to this work. y Received: 26 April 2019; Accepted: 12 June 2019; Published: 14 June 2019 Abstract: Binder remnants in historical mortars represent a record of the connection between the raw materials that enter the kiln, the process parameters, and the end product of the calcination. Raman microspectroscopy combines high structural sensitivity with micrometre to sub-micrometre spatial resolution and compatibility with conventional thin-sectional samples in an almost unique fashion, making it an interesting complementary extension of the existing methodological arsenal for mortar analysis. Raman spectra are vibrational fingerprints of crystalline and amorphous compounds, and contain marker bands that are specific for minerals and their polymorphic forms. Relative intensities of bands that are related to the same crystalline species change according to crystal orientations,
    [Show full text]
  • Uptake and Reversibility of Aluminium in Calcium Silicate Hydrates
    Uptake and reversibility of aluminium in calcium silicate hydrates Master Thesis by Inga Mathilde Tangen Aalborg University Department of Chemistry and Bioscience Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H DK-9220 Aalborg Aalborg University Department of Chem- istry and Bioscience Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H 9220 Aalborg Ø http://www.bio.aau.dk Title: Uptake and reversibility of aluminium in calcium silicate hydrates Theme: Cement Chemistry Semester: Master thesis Timeframe: 01.09.20 - 06.08.21 ECTS: 60 Supervisors: Yuanzheng Yue Barbara Lothenbach Yiru Yan Number of pages: 80 Number of appendices: 4 (A-D) iii iv Abstract Production of Portland cement (PC) is responsible for a significant amount of anthropogenic CO2 emissions, and ways to lower emissions are highly sought after. One way of reducing emissions is by substituting part of the cement clinker with supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). SCMs typically contain more silica and alumina and less calcium than ordinary PC, which could change the compositoin of hydrated cement and C-S-H. This study aims to determine how the kinetics and reversibility of aluminium uptake in calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H) changes, based on its composition. Specifically, it investigates how the Ca/Si molar ratio of C-S-H changes the kinetics of aluminium uptake and properties of the resulting solids, as well as whether the aluminium uptake is reversible. In order to investigate the kinetics of aluminium uptake, 240 samples of varying Ca/Si and Al/Si molar ratio with varying hydration time were synthesised and analysed. The results showed slower uptake of aluminium in low Ca/Si samples, compared to high Ca/Si.
    [Show full text]
  • Technical Report Standard Page 1
    TECHNICAL REPORT STANDARD PAGE 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession 3. Recipient's Catalog No. FHWA/LA.03/366 No. 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date Stabilization Techniques for Reactive Aggregate in Soil- Cement Base Course 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. 366 Amitava Roy, Lan Wang, Roger K. Seals, John B. Metcalf 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. J. Bennett Johnston Sr. Center for Advanced Microstructures 00-4GT and Devices, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA And Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 11. Contract or Grant No. Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 736-99-0822 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Louisiana Transportation Research Center 04/15/00-06/30/02 4101 Gourrier Avenue Baton Rouge, LA 70808 14. Sponsoring Agency Code 15. Supplementary Notes 16. Abstract Anhydrite (CaSO4) beds occur as a cap rock on a salt dome in Winn Parish in north Louisiana. Locally known as Winn Rock, it has been quarried for gravel for road building. It has been used as a surface course for local parish and logging roads. Stabilization of these roads with Type I portland cement followed by an overlay of asphaltic concrete sometimes resulted in heaving. The causes of heaving and possible solutions were investigated. In the laboratory 2” x 4” molds of Winn Rock containing soil were stabilized with various cementitious mixes and cured in a 40°C water bath, in a 100 percent-relative-humidity room, a sealed plastic bag at room temperature, and air.
    [Show full text]
  • Glossary of Some Terms Used in Cement, Concrete and in the Analysis of Cementitious Materials
    Glossary Version 2.5 © WHD Microanalysis Consultants Ltd 2009 Glossary of some terms used in cement, concrete and in the analysis of cementitious materials NOTES: 1. Thank you for subscribing to the “Understanding Cement” newsletter! This Glossary of terms used in cement, concrete and cementitious analysis is available for free download on subscription to the newsletter and we hope you find it useful. If you are feeling kind to any colleagues who may also benefit from it, do encourage them to sign up for our newsletter, so that they too can get the glossary download and receive updates on the UC web site! 2. The Glossary will be added to over time - there will inevitably be omissions, which should gradually be rectified with the assistance of readers. Please click on the button below if you want to suggest any new words. 3. Please note that the information in the Glossary is supplied free of charge, in good faith and is believed to be correct. However no warranty whatsoever is given as to the accuracy or completeness of the information and the user uses it entirely at his/her own risk. 4. Just save this pdf file to your desktop, or other convenient place, and open it when you need to look something up. 5. Do check back to www.understanding-cement.com/glossary.html for updated versions! 6. How to use: the terms in the column on the left are arranged in alphabetical order. Either scroll down to find what you are looking for, or use the ‘Search’ option in Acrobat Reader for your search term.
    [Show full text]
  • February, 2017 Department of Civil Engineering Engineering School Of
    Final Report Title: Evaluation of Alternative Pozzolanic Materials for Partial Replacement of Portland Cement in Concrete FDOT Contract Number: BDV31-977-06 Submitted to: The Florida Department of Transportation Research Center FDOT Research Center [email protected] 605 Suwannee Street, MS 30 Tallahassee, FL 32399 c/o Dr. Harvey DeFord, Ph.D. Structures Materials Research Specialist State Materials Office Submitted by: Christopher C. Ferraro, Jerry M. Paris, Timothy G. Townsend, Mang Tia Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment University of Florida Gainesville, Florida 32611 February, 2017 Department of Civil Engineering Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment College of Engineering University of Florida Gainesville, Florida 32611 Disclaimer The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the State of Florida Department of Transportation or the U.S. Department of Transportation. Prepared in cooperation with the State of Florida Department of Transportation and the U.S. Department of Transportation. ii Approximate Conversions to SI Units (from FHWA) Symbol When You Know Multiply By To Find Symbol Length in inches 25.4 millimeters mm ft feet 0.305 meters m yd yards 0.914 meters m mi miles 1.61 kilometers km Area in2 square inches 645.2 square millimeters mm2 ft2 square feet 0.093 square meters m2 yd2 square yard 0.836 square meters m2 mi2 square miles 2.59 square kilometers km2 Volume fl oz fluid ounces 29.57 milliliters mL gal gallons 3.785 liters L ft3 cubic feet 0.028 cubic meters m3 yd3 cubic yards 0.765 cubic meters m3 NOTE: volumes greater than 1000 L shall be shown in m3 Mass oz ounces 28.35 grams g lb pounds 0.454 kilograms kg Temperature (exact degrees) °F Fahrenheit 5 (F-32)/9 Celsius °C or (F-32)/1.8 Illumination fc foot-candles 10.76 lux lx fl foot-Lamberts 3.426 candela/m2 cd/m2 Force and Pressure or Stress lbf pound-force 4.45 newtons N lbf/in2 pound-force per square inch 6.89 kilopascals kPa iii 1.
    [Show full text]