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Implementation of Development Policy Sys Rev Pharm 2020;11(12):138-142 A multifaceted review journal in the field of pharmacy Implementation of Development Policy for Livestock Farming Business in Gorontalo Regency, Gorontalo, Indonesia Irawaty Igirisa1*, Misran Rahman2, Juriko Abdussamad3, Zuchri Abdusamad4, Abd. Kadir Husain5, Suparman6 1Faculty of Economics, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia 2Faculty of Science Education, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia 3Faculty of Economics, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia 4Faculty of economics Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia 5Faculty of Science Education, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia 6Department of Mathematics Education, Postgraduate Program, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Indonesia ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine and analyze the implementation stages of livestock Keywords: implementation, policy, farming, livestock. farming development policies in Gorontalo Regency. This policy is regulated by a Decree of the Minister of Agriculture, and is followed at the provincial and district Correspondence: Level. The success of implementing the policies is determined by commitment of Irawaty Igirisa. the implementation apparatus and the community. This research used a 1 Faculty of Economics, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia qualitative approach and a case study method. Data were collected through * Correspondence: Irawaty Igirisa, Faculty of Economics, Universitas Negeri observation from the beginning and during the research process. Furthermore, in- Gorontalo, Indonesia, E-mail: [email protected] depth interviews were conducted to collect data and information related to the research. Also, a literature study was conducted on various references and documents to obtain a valid data. The collected data was then processed and analyzed using qualitative analytic methods, which included data presentation, as well as drawing conclusions. All the information were validated through extended observations, addition of references, data triangulation, and group discussions. The results showed that implementation of the development policies include socialization, identification of prospective recipient farmers, cage preparation, breeds procurement and selection. It also includes the formation of farmer groups, as well as distribution, raising and redistribution of livestock. The final target of this policy will be achieved when all the implementing apparatuses are consistent. Therefore, the policy can be well implemented, which will increase the income of the farming community in Gorontalo Regency INTRODUCTION government has set technical guidelines for the Agriculture is an important source of income for the implementation patterns. majority of the population [1], and as a leading sector, it METHODOLOGY plays an important role in the Indonesian economy. The This is a qualitative research that used a case study aim of national agricultural development needs to be method. In this case, the research tried to reveal and known by the rural and urban communities. This is analyze phenomena that are related to the process of because the responsibilities of the government are to implementing farming development policies. For the ensure food security, increase income and employment effectiveness of the research process, Boliyohuto and opportunities in rural communities [2]. The development Mootilango which were successful at developing livestock of agriculture in rural and remote areas is one of the farming where used, as well as two sub-districts that efforts to equalize growth for the entire community to were less successful, Bongomeme and Tibawa, as the benefit from the results. Therefore, the government research locus. issued various policies to guide the achievement of the Data were collected through observation techniques, in- objectives. These policies will succeed as long as the depth interviews with respondents related to the target community and implementation apparatus are research focus. The documentation was carried out by consistent. reviewing all documents, references, and the policies of LITERATURE REVIEW developing livestock farming. The source was primary This implementation is required to analyze the various data in the form of interviews with the Head of Animal policies. From a behavioral perspective, the target group Husbandry Service, the Head of the Putkati Project compliance is an important factor that determines the Section, the Putkati technical and medical officers, as well success of policy implementation [3]. as the target community. Furthermore, secondary data This policy has been implemented in almost all regions in were obtained in the form of policies, regulations, and Indonesia, including Gorontalo Regency, known as the technical guidelines. Farming and Livestock Business Development Project The data was validated through the process of prolonged (Putkati). This sector is a major contributor to food field observations, focus group discussion, data security, and is an important component of livelihood for triangulation, and adding related references. The analysis most people [4]. was seen as three concurrent streams of activities, which Furthermore, this policy has been implemented since the are: (1) data condensation, (2) display, and (3) conclusion 2000s, and is still in existence till now, although with a drawing or verification [6]. different name. It is regulated by a Decree of the Minister RESULTS AND DISCUSSION of Agriculture, and is followed up with policies at the The development program was implemented to increase regional level. Policy makers need to collectively manage community income. Economic growth and equitable the cities and rural areas to ensure that food production, distribution of income are two of the five main consumption, and waste are treated as one single system macroeconomic goals that each country aim to achieve, [5]. For the effectiveness of this policy, the local and are related to economic development [7]. Sustainable 138 Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy Vol 11, Issue 12, December 2020 Implementation of Development Policy for Livestock Farming Business in Gorontalo Regency, Gorontalo, Indonesia development that covers all areas of community life number, and percentage of poverty from 2015 to 2019 becomes a decisive aspect in poverty alleviation efforts. (BPS, 2020), can be seen in the following table. Gorontalo Regency, which is one of the largest areas in Table 2. Data on the Poverty Line, Number, and Percentage of the Province, has the potential to be developed to Poor Population in Gorontalo Regency, 2015-2019 increase community income. This is closely related to the Year Poverty Number of Percentage of development policies and programs implemented by the Line Poor Poor Population Population government, and will later influence the percentage of (Thousand) poverty. 2015 343.373 80,82 21,79 The Gorontalo Regency is flanked by most of the cities in 2016 368.863 78,36 21,03 the Province. This area is astronomically located at 2017 382.722 76,93 20,55 coordinates 1210,159″ – 1230, 32″ East Longitude and 2018 409.179 74,69 19,84 00,24″ – 100,02″ North Latitude, with an area of 2,125.47 2019 425.827 68,31 18,06 km2. In the north bordering North Gorontalo Regency, in Source: Central Statistics Agency of Gorontalo Regency in 2020 the east bordering Bone Bolango and Gorontalo City, in The data above can be illustrated in the figure below. the west bordering Boalemo, and in the south bordering Tomini Bay. Administratively, Gorontalo Regency consists of 19 sub-districts [8]. Data on the area of sub-districts can be seen in the following table. Table 1. Area of Sub-districts in Gorontalo Regency No. Sub-Districts Area (km2) 1 Asparaga 430,32 2 Batudaa 32,86 3 Batudaa pantai 63,13 4 Bilato 612,34 5 Biluhu 79,20 6 Boliyohuto 60,59 7 Bongomeme 144,16 8 Dungaliyo 46,62 Figure 1. Percentage graph of poor population in Gorontalo 9 Limboto 103,32 Regency (Source: Central Statistics Agency of Gorontalo Regency 10 Limboto barat 79,61 in 2020) 11 Mootilango 211,49 Based on the data above, an important step is to re- 12 Tabongo 54,80 evaluate the policies implemented by the local 13 Telaga 28,16 government. The reality is that there are still many public 14 Telaga biru 28,16 policies, but they have no impact on improving people's 15 Telaga jaya 6,41 lives. The funds allocated to finance the program and 16 Tibawa 6,41 support the policy implementation are not meagre, but 17 Tilango 5,79 the results have not been maximized. 18 Tongohula 171,75 Another data that need to be considered by local 19 Pulubala 240,57 governments in setting policies is population structure. Total 2.125,47 Source: Gorontalo Regency Regional Development Planning By paying attention to the population structure based on Agency in 2020 livelihoods, the policies implemented by the regional The phenomenon of income and wealth inequality government will be intended to develop the agricultural consequences has always been at the center of economic sector. This is relevant to the data of population structure and social policy debates [9]. This is the same as what based on livelihoods as follows. happened in Gorontalo Regency, which has a significant Table 3: Population structure based on livelihoods level of poverty compared to other regions. Apparently, No. Type of Livelihood Total poverty is one of the most common problems in the 1. Agriculture 48,76 % 2. Trading 13,19 % world, especially in developing countries [10]-. In fact, the 3. Processing industry 11,15% poverty rate in Gorontalo
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