Respon Remaja Tentang Kasus Cyberbullying Sulli Dan Goo Hara Yang Mengakibatkan Kematian

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Respon Remaja Tentang Kasus Cyberbullying Sulli Dan Goo Hara Yang Mengakibatkan Kematian P-ISSN: 1907-848X, E-ISSN: 2548-7647 Volume 15, Nomor 2, Oktober 2020, Hal 125-136 DOI: 10.20885/komunikasi.vol15.iss2.art4 Respon Remaja Tentang Kasus Cyberbullying Sulli Dan Goo Hara Dwi Putri Robiatul Adawiyah Magister Komunikasi dan Penyiaran Islam, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Indonesia. Email: [email protected] (corresponding author) Muhammad Munir Magister Komunikasi dan Penyiaran Islam, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Indonesia. Email: [email protected] ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Article Info Abstract. Cyberbullying is the act of hurting, embarrassing, or distressing people because all the disgrace is publicized on social Article History media. The victim becomes depressed and commits dangerous things Received 23 Nov 2019 such as suicide. This study aims to explain adolescent responses about Revised 30 Oct 2020 Sulli and Goo Hara's cyberbullying that cause death. The author Accepted 9 Nov 2020 applied descriptive qualitative methods. The results revealed the lack of netizen knowledge and consequences on Sulli and Goo Hara's mental health made them not careful in commenting on social media. Therefore, it is important for netizens to be careful about everything that will be posted on social media in order not to get meanly impact to others. Keywords: response, youth, cyberbullying, fans Abstrak: Cyberbullying adalah tindakan menyakiti, membuat malu, atau membuat orang tertekan karena semua aibnya dipublikasikan di media sosial. Dampaknya bagi korban, dapat mengalami depresi yang mendorong korban melakukan sesuatu yang membahayakan diri sendiri seperti bunuh diri. Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui berbagai respon remaja tentang kasus cyberbullying Sulli dan Goo Hara yang mengakibatkan kematian. Metode penelitian menggunakan kualitatif- deskriptif. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa kurangnya pemahaman netizen mengenai akibat cyberbullying terhadap mental health Sulli dan Goo Hara membuatnya tidak berhati-hati dalam berkomentar di media sosial. Oleh karena itu, penting bagi netizen berhati-hati terhadap segala sesuatu yang akan diposting di media sosial agar tidak berdampak buruk bagi orang lain. Kata kunci: respon, remaja, cyberbullying, fans ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Copyright @2021 Authors. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the 125 Creative Commons Attribution License. (http://creativecommons.org/licences/by-sa/4.0/) Jurnal komunikasi, Volume 15, Nomor 2, April 2021, Hal 125-136 PENDAHULUAN menghantam benda-benda agar si korban takut. Bullying non-verbal secara tidak Bullying dalam makna harfiah langsung seperti mengucilkan seseorang, berarti menggertak dan mengganggu orang melakukan penghasutan, berlaku curang yang lebih lemah (Siswati & Widayanti, atau bahkan melakukan tindakan 2011). Bullying seperti ibarat seseorang menyebarkan berita bohong atau tidak suka minum kopi pahit, tapi dipaksa manipulasi yang berkaitan dengan diri untuk meminumnya maka seperti itulah korban (Priyanta, 2010). rasanya di-bully. Oleh karena itu, menjadi bullying victim (korban bullying) tidaklah Kehadiran media sosial telah menyenangkan. Ini karena jika mengubah sedemikian rupa bentuk- tingkatannya sudah parah, dapat menyulut bentuk bullying. Jika dahulu bullying bunuh diri ataupun menghancurkan dilakukan secara langsung (dalam arti kehidupan korban (Elvigro, 2014). tatap muka), tetapi saat ini dapat Menurut Siswati & Widayanti (2011) dilakukan di dunia cyber (tanpa tatap “Bullying is the willful, conscious desire to muka) (Kowalski et al., 2008; Parsons, hurt another and put him or her under 2005). Bullying jenis ini memanfaatkan stress” (Bullying adalah tindakan yang perkembangan teknologi informasi dan buruk, dimana dia sadar untuk menyakiti komunikasi seperti fasilitas internet, seseorang dan menempatkan dia di bawah handphone, komputer, kamera, perekam tekanan). video/audio. Dengan memanfaatkan teknologi yang ada, pelaku dapat Tindakan bullying bisa dilakukan mengirimkan pesan dalam bentuk teks, dengan berbagai cara. Menurut Tim gambar atau video yang dapat bersifat Yayasan Sehati Jiwa Amini (2008) mengancam, menyebarkan rumor, dan bullying terbagi di dalam dua bentuk, yaitu terror. Hal ini tentunya tidak hanya dapat secara fisik ataupun non-fisik. Bullying memalukan korban, tetapi juga dapat secara fisik dapat dilakukan dengan menyakiti korban karena aibnya menjadi memukul, menendang, meninju, konsumsi publik dan susah untuk menggigit, menarik, menjambak rambut, menghapus sesuatu yang telah diunggah mencakar, meludahi ataupun merusak tersebut (Kowalski et al., 2008). Dalam barang-barang milik korban. Oleh karena kaitan ini, perilaku yang disengaja, sering itu, bullying secara fisik akan mudah diulang-ulang, dan bermusuhan diidentifikasi. Sementara itu, bullying dimaksudkan untuk menyakiti korban secara non-fisik terbagi menjadi dua, yaitu menggunakan media teknologi informasi secara verbal maupun non-verbal. dan komunikasi, paling sering dilakukan Bullying secara verbal dilakukan melalui ponsel dan internet (Kowalski et dengan mengancam, memeras, berkata- al., 2008). kata kasar, dan memanggil dengan maksud Bullying baik ringan ataupun berat untuk mengejek, berkata-kata dengan tetap dapat menyebabkan korban tertekan menekan, menggosip ataupun (Elvigro, 2014). Situasinya akan menjadi menyebarluaskan aib tentang si korban. semakin parah jika kegiatan tersebut Sebaliknya, bullying non-verbal bisa dilakukan secara berulang-ulang dengan dilakukan secara langsung maupun tidak tempat yang berbeda. Pada umumnya, langsung. Secara langsung, bentuknya bullying kerap terjadi di area sekolah, hampir sama dengan tindakan secara fisik, ruang kelas, toilet, halaman atau ruang tapi lebih kepada tindakan mengancam loker sekolah, kantin sekolah, bahkan bisa dengan tatapan mata, meninju-ninju atau 126 Dwi Putri Robiatul Adawiyah & Muhammad Munir, Respon Remaja tentang Kasus Cyberbullying Sulli dan Goo Hara juga terjadi didekat rumah (Astuti, 2008). konten negatif langsung ke victim, tetapi Levianti (2008) mengungkapkan hasil ke publik atau semi- khalayak publik penelitiannya di Jerman bahwa 60,1% melalui internet atau ponsel (Elvigro, bullying terjadi di sekolah, 17,3% terjadi 2014). Dalam kasus cyberbullying tidak saat perjalanan pulang sekolah, dan 9,2 % langsung, audiens mewakili prasyarat yang terjadi di dalam kelas atau toilet. Dari sini, diperlukan untuk cyberbullying dan dapat disimpulkan bahwa mayoritas kisah bagaimana orang-orang ini (atau bullying berlatarkan sekolahan. pengamat) bereaksi terhadap insiden tersebut dapat mempengaruhi proses lebih Hasil studi yang dilakukan oleh lanjut dari cyberbullying secara signifikan National Youth Violence Prevention (Kowalski et al., 2008). Kelompok yang Resource Center pada tahun 2003 tergolong dalam orang ini mungkin menunjukkan bahwa bullying dapat berperilaku pasif, tetapi secara aktif dapat mengakibatkan seseorang remaja merasa mendukung victim (korban) atau ketakutan dan cemas, dapat memperkuat doer (pelaku). Jenis pola mempengaruhi konsentrasi belajar di perilaku yang seperti inilah yang disebut sekolah dan mengakibatkan seseorang ini sebagai peran cyberbullying, yang menghindari sekolah (Andriani et al., memiliki tujuan untuk menganalisis secara 2011). Bullying berkelanjutan secara terus- empiris dalam penelitian ini. Maka, menerus dapat mempengaruhi self-esteem konseptualisasi peran cyberbullying (kepercayaan diri) si korban, sebagian besar didasarkan pada mengakibatkan isolasi terhadap dunia pertimbangan teoritis atau pendekatan sosial, memunculkan perilaku withdrawal yang berpusat pada variabel dengan (menarik diri dari lingkungan), gampang mengelompokkan pernyataan yang setres dan depresi, serta adanya rasa tidak diberikan ke dalam skala, tetapi penelitian aman. Akibat terburuk dapat ini membedakan beberapa peran menyebabkan seseorang bunuh diri cyberbullying berdasarkan pola jawaban apabila sudah tidak kuat dengan responden. Pendekatan yang berpusat situasi/tekanan tersebut (Murphy, 2009). pada orang seperti itu membantu Cyberbullying terjadi dalam mengidentifikasi peran-peran penindasan konteks sosial dan bertujuan untuk cyber yang khas yang terjadi dalam mempermalukan seseorang di depan orang kehidupan nyata remaja (Rigby, 1996). lain. Mengacu pada definisi integratif, Penelitian mengenai cyberbullying cyberbullying adalah "segala perilaku yang belum terlalu banyak diteliti sehingga dilakukan melalui media elektronik atau menjadikannya menarik untuk dibahas digital oleh individu atau kelompok yang dan dikaji lebih dalam. Berbeda dengan berulang kali, mengkomunikasikan pesan- bullying yang dilakukan secara offline pesan yang bermusuhan atau agresif yang (langsung) yang sudah banyak dilakukan, dimaksudkan untuk menimbulkan cyberbullying sedikit sekali ditemukan. kerugian atau ketidaknyamanan pada Namun, dalam banyak penelitian, peran orang lain (Breguet, 2007). partisipan dalam penindasan di cyber Perbedaan antara cyberbullying dikonseptualisasikan secara berbeda dari langsung dan tidak langsung. penindasan offline. Seseorang sering Cyberbullying langsung mencakup dikategorikan menjadi pelaku, korban, dan komunikasi negatif langsung antara doer siswa yang tidak terlibat (Elvigro, 2014). (Pelaku) dan victim (korban), sedangkan Pertanyaan tambahan dimasukkan dalam dalam cyberbullying tidak langsung, studi untuk mengidentifikasi para doer bullying tidak mengarah komunikasi (pelaku) bullying.
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