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Ctenocladaceae E Ulvellaceae (Chlorophyta) Do Espirito Santo E Litoral Norte De Sao Paulo, Brasil

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Ctenocladaceae E Ulvellaceae (Chlorophyta) Do Espirito Santo E Litoral Norte De Sao Paulo, Brasil Hoehnea 33(3): 359-370, I tab., 18 fig., 2006 Ctenocladaceae e Ulvellaceae (Chlorophyta) do Espirito Santo e Litoral Norte de Sao Paulo, Brasil Diogina Barata 1,2 e Mutue Toyota Fujii 1 Recebido: 27.09.2005; aceito: 06.07.2006 ABSTRACT - (Ctenocladaceae and Ulvellaceae (Chlorophyta) from Espirito Santo and North Seacoast ofSao Paulo, Brazil). The floristic survey ofUlvellaceae and Ctenocladaceae for Espirito Santo and Sao Paulo States seacoast were pefonned from material kept in culture and also, fixed in formaline. The material were collected along Espirito Santo's seacoast, in 1985 and from 2002 to 2004; in Rio Escuro and I1ha das Couves, Ubatuba, north seacost of Sao Paulo, in 2003. The outcomes brought out six species: Bo/boco/eon piliferum N. Pringsheim, Entocladia viridis Reinke, Pringsheimiella scutata (Reinke) Hohn. ex Marchewianka, Pseudendoclonium submarinum Wille, Stromatella monostrol11atica (P. Dangeard) Kommann & P. Sahling and Ulvella lens P. Crouan & H. Crouan, ofwhich B. pilijerul11, P subl11arinul11, and S. l11onostromatica are quoted for the first time to Brazil and E. viridis to Espirito Santo. Key words: Chaetophoracean marine, floristic survey, Ulvales RESUMO - (Ctenocladaceae e Ulvellaceae (Chlorophyta) do Espirito Santo e Litoral Norte de Sao Paulo, Brasil). 0 levantamento floristico das famflias Ulvellaceae e Ctenocladacea e para 0 Iitoral dos estados do Espirito Santo e de Sao Paulo foi realizado a partir de material mantido em cultura e fixado em fonnol. As coletas foram realizadas na zona entremares ao longo do litoral do Espirito Santo, em 1985 e no periodo de 2002 a 2004, e nas localidades de Rio Escuro e Ilha das Couves, em Ubatuba, Sao Paulo, em 2003. Os resultados revelaram seis especies: Bo/bocoleon piliferum . Pringsheim, Entocladia viridis Reinke, Pringsheimiella scutata (Reinke) Hohn. ex Marchewianka, Pseudendoclonium submarinum Wille, Stromatella monostromatica (P. Dangeard) Kommann & P. Sahling e Ulvella lens P. Crouan & H. Crouan, das quais B. pi/iferum, P submarinum e S. monostromatica sao citadas pela primeira vez para 0 Brasil e E. viridis, para 0 Espirito Santo. Palavras-chave: Chaetoforaceas marinhas, levantamento floristico, Ulvales Introduf;30 foi baseada em caracteristicas apresentadas pelos representantes desta familia que eram mais proximas A familia Ulvellaceae foi proposta por O'Kelly & as familias de Ulvophyceae que as de Chaetophoraceae Floyd (1983) para acomodar as cloroficeas marinhas (Chlorophyceae), tais como, a presenya de pirenoides microscopicas constituidas por filamentos ramificados com ti lacoides transversais, parede celular sem em diferentes graus, desde habito prostrado, com plasmodesma, sifonoxantina (especies que ocorrem desenvolvimento uni- a bilateral ate discoide com no infralitoral), historico de vida com altemancia de crescimento radial, desenvolvendo-se sobre ou dentro gerayoes isomorficas, e caracteristicas de estrutura do tala de outras algas (raramente de vida livre). Os e padroes de desenvolvimento do esporangio e do representantes de Ulvellaceae apresentam celulas gametangio. uninucleadas, contendo cloroplasto parietal unico que A configurayao cruciada do aparelho f1agelar em possui de urn a muitos pirenoides. Anteriormente, estes sentido anti-honirio e a presenya de envoltorio terminal organismos eram incluidos na ordem Chaetophorales cobrindo a extremidade dos corpos basais dos f1agelos (Chlorophyceae) e conhecidos como "ChaetoJoraceas em zoosporos e gametas tambern estao mais de acordo marinhas" (South 1974, Shameel 1978, O'Kelly & com Ulvophyceae do que com Chlorophyceae. Os Yarish 1980, O'Kelly & Yarish 1981 e O'Kelly & membros de Chaetophoraceae possuem a configurayao Floyd 1983). Segundo O'Kelly & Floyd (1983), a do aparelho f1agelar do tipo cruciada em sentido transferencia deste grupo para Ulvales (Ulvophyceae) honirio e sem apresentar rizoplastos, alem de parede I. Instituto de Botanica, Caixa Postal 4005, 0 I06 J-970 Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil 2. Autor para correspondencia: [email protected] 360 Hoehnea 33(3): 359-370,2006 celular com plasmodesmas. 0 cicio de vida, embora este estudo sobre clor6fitas marinhas bentonicas controverso, parece ser haplonte com meiose do Espirito Santo foi observada a ocorrencia de zig6tica (O'Kelly & Floyd 1983).0 posicionamento varias algas que serviam de hospedeiras para os do membros desta familia e problematico e alguns representantes de Ulvellaceae e Ctenocladaceae. Parte generos tern sido retirados, como e 0 exemplo do talo destas algas foi mantida em cultura para uma de Bolbocoleon, que hoje pertence a familia melhor identifica<;:ao e observa<;:ao das espifitas. 0 Ctenocladaceae (Wynne 2005). material de Sao Paulo foi obtido a partir de exemplares Os representantes de Ulvellaceae geralmente nao que cresceram como contaminantes sobre 0 talo aparecem descritos em trabalhos floristicos e urn nlimero de outras algas mantidas em cultura. Os locais de reduzido de especies e citado para 0 Brasil. Entre elas coleta e as algas que serviam como hospedeiras para estao: Bolbocoleonjolyi Pringsheim, Entocladia viridis os representantes de Ulvellaceae e Ctenocladaceae Yamaguishi-Tomita, Pringsheimiella scutata (Reinke) constam na tabela I. Hohn. ex Marchewianka, Pseudendoclonium marinum o material coletado foi acondicionado em sacos (Reinke) Aleem & E. Schulz e Ulvella lens P. Crouan plasticos com etiqueta de identifica<;:ao, triado e & H. Crouan (Yamaguishi-Tomita 1970, Ugadim fixados em solu<;:ao de formol a 4%, guardados em 1973, Oliveira Filho & Ugadim 1976, Yoneshigue­ frascos protegidos da luz ou mantidos em agua do mar, Braga 1977, Pedrini eta!' 1989, Amado Filho 1991, triados e submetidos acultura para 0 acompanhamento Nassar 1994, Yoneshigue 1985, Nunes 1998, Pereira do desenvolvimento do talo. Algumas especies de & Acciolly 1998, Pereira et a!. 2002). Assim, este Ulvellaceae e Ctenocladaceae do Espirito Santo trabalho tern como objetivos identificar e descrever foram isoladas a partir de cultura in vitro de Valonia caracteristicas morfol6gicas e ontogenicas das especies macrophysa Kiitzing e Cladophora ssp. (tabela I). de Ctenocladaceae e Ulvellaceae encontradas no o material algaceo proveniente de Sao Paulo foi Espirito Santo e no litoral norte de Sao Paulo. obtido somente a partir de cultura em laborat6rio de cloroficeas monostromaticas e de rodoficeas Material e metodos polissifOnicas (tabela I). Solu<;:ao de lugol acetico foi Este estudo e parte de urn levantamento de empregada para evidenciar piren6ides. Chlorophyta marinhas bentonicas do Espirito Santo As algas foram cultivadas no laborat6rio de (Barata 2004) e foi baseado em material coletado na cultura "Marilza Cordeiro-Marino" do Instituto de zona entremares, durante as baixas-mares diurnas, Botanica de Sao Paulo, em agua do mar (30 UPS) I em diferentes ambientes ao tonga do litoral capixaba, enriquecida com solu<;:ao de Von Stosch (4 ml L- ), em desde Itaunas, ao norte (18°25'S e 39°42'W), ate 0 frascos tipo "baby food" (5,5 x 5,5 cm, 140 ml), com municipio de Presidente Kennedy, ao sui (21°05'S laminas de microscopia no fundo. Os frascos foram e 41 °02'W). As coletas foram realizadas entre mantidos por tempo suficiente (aproximadamente novembro de 2002 e junho de 2004, sendo duas quatro semanas) em sala de cultura com temperatura coletas por praia (uma na esta<;:ao seca e outra na media de 22-23°C, fotoperiodo de 14 horas de 2 chuvosa). Exsicatas do Herbario do Instituto de luz e irradiancia de 30-50 /lmol f6tons m- S-I. 0 Botanica de Sao Paulo "Maria Eneyda P. Kauffmann controle de contaminantes foi feito com adi<;:ao I Fidalgo" (SP), de material coletado no ana de 1985 de di6xido de germanio (Ge02, 1 ml L- ) ao meio para 0 litoral do Espirito Santo, tambem foram de cultura. As laminas com os esporos fixos foram utilizadas para estudos taxonomicos. observadas semanalmente para 0 acompanhamento Tabela I. Algas cultivadas e locais de coleta em que se observou 0 crescimento de representantes de Ulvellaceae e Ctenocladaceae. Alga Substrato Estado Localidade Coordenadas Data Valonia l1Iacrophysa Espirito Santo Portocel, Aracruz 19°51'S e 40030'W 4-111-2004 Dictyosphaeria verluysii Espirito Santo Parati, Anchieta 20048'S e 40038'W 17-IV-2004 Cladophora sp. Espirito Santo Itapoa, Vila Velha 20021'S e 40° 16'W 26-1-2004 BOSII)"chia spp. Sao Paulo Ilha da Couves, Ubatuba 23°21, IS'S e 44°51, 19'W 13-Vlll-2003 Prolomonoslroma sp. (?) Sao Paulo Rio Escuro, Ubatuba 23°30'S e 45°10'W 12-Vlll-2003 e 20-1-2004 D. Barata & M.T. Fujii: Ulvales do Espfrito Santo e Sao Paulo 361 do desenvolvimento do talo, sendo 0 meio trocado segundo 0 sistema apresentado por Wynne (2005). semanalmente. As ex icatas do material testemunho foram o material observado foi identificado de preparadas segundo os metodos do manual de acordo com bibliografia pertinente (Kermarrec "Tecnicas de coleta, preservayao e herborizayao 1970, South 1974, Yarish 1976, Nielsen 1977, de material botanico" (Fidalgo & Bononi 1984), ielsen & Pedersen 1977, Shameel 1978, juntamente com as algas que serviam de substrato O'Kelly&Yarish 1981, ielsen 1984, Kornmann e, posteriormente, foram incluidas no Herbario do & Sahling 1985, Nielsen & Machachlan 1985, Instituto de Botanica de Sao Paulo "Maria Eneyda Nielsen 1988, O'Kelly et al. 2004a) e classificado P. Kauffmann Fidalgo" (SP). Resultados Chave de identificayao para as especies I. Estrutura pseudo-parenquimatosa desde os estagios iniciais de desenvolvimento, formando crostas discoides sem filamentos livres nas extremidades; desenvolvimento radial
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