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Lion: Arzt, Sanitätsoffizier, Pfadfinder, Jüdische Miniaturen (Jewish

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Lion: Arzt, Sanitätsoffizier, Pfadfinder, Jüdische Miniaturen (Jewish Journal of Namibian Studies, 23 (2018): 135 – 136 ISSN: 2197-5523 (online) Review: Hartmut Bartmuß, Alexander Referring to his time in South West Lion: Arzt, Sanitätsoffizier, Pfadfinder, Africa, the miniature states that Alexan- Series: Jüdische Miniaturen, vol. 210, der Lion arrived in Swakopmund from Berlin, Hentrich & Hentrich, 2017. Hamburg on the 18 th April 1904 after a sea voyage lasting four weeks. He was appointed Chief medical officer of the 5 th This biography by Hartmut Bartmuß is field hospital for a short time, to then the latest publication in the series become garrison medical officer in Jüdische Miniaturen (Jewish Miniatures) Windhuk. One of the soldiers working in in which the former colony of German the stores there, Hermann Alverdes South West Africa (present day Namibia) (1872–1934) remembers the plays a not insignificant role. Christmas celebration in 1904: Dr. med Alexander Lion (1870–1962) “Stabsarzt Lion was always pleasant was a doctor, a medical officer in the and cheerful and took great pride in Royal Bavarian army as well as in the organizing the Christmas festivities” Imperial Schutztruppe in South West (p. 18). 1 Lion himself wrote: “In German Africa, who finished his military career in South West Africa I shared the life of a the German army, the Reichswehr , thousand German horsemen, felt with eventually retiring with the rank of them the same pride in accomplishing Generaloberarzt (Lieutenant-Colonel). our tasks.” 2 The sickly young man had Lion came from a Jewish family but turned into a hardened soldier as a converted to Roman Catholicism later in result of living in the open for years. He life. The medical officer, together with acquired in South West Africa the Hauptmann (captain), later Major, characteristics necessary to be a scout. Maximilian Bayer, became co-founder of The Scouting Movement therefore had the German Scouting movement. They its roots in the British and German met while they were both serving in the colonial wars. Schutztruppe in South West Africa. After his service in the garrison hospital Alexander Lion was awarded the Iron in Windhuk, Lion was put in charge of Cross 1 st and 2nd class but was the casualty collection centre in Kalk- arrested by the National Socialists and fontain (North) on the river Auob where only survived as a result of the inter- he was also Senior Officer. He ran the vention of comrades from his time in the 13 th field hospital, also in Kalkfontain military during which, in WW1, he had (now on the land of the Hofmeyer farm ended up at the Suez canal. His wife, to the west of Stampriet) from 19 March daughter of one of his superior officers in the Royal Bavarian army, was always 1 Hermann Alverdes, Mein Tagebuch aus Süd- there to support him, while one of his west. Erinnerungen aus dem Feldzuge gegen die brothers, a sister-in-law and his sister Hottentotten , Oldenburg, Stalling, 1906: 64. Rosa van Emden were killed under NS 2 Stefan Schrölkamp, Alexander Lion – Ho hen̈ regime. Other members of his family und Tiefen des Lebens. Autobiographisches und committed suicide before they could be Selbsterzeugnisse des Mitbegru nders̈ der murdered. deutschen Pfadfinderbewegung , Baunach, Spurbuchverlag, 2014: 20. Copyright © 2018 Otjivanda Presse.Bochum ISSN 1863-5954 (print) ISSN 2197-5523 (online) 1905 until its disbandment on 7 Alexander Lion saw combat several December 1905. Between 2 January times in South West Africa. In 1907 he 1906 and 15 January 1906 Stabsarzt put together a report with the title “How Lion served as garrison medical officer we avenged the death of Lieutenant von in Keetsmanshop and was then Schweinichen” where he described one deployed as deputy chief medical officer such action. 5 of the base hospital and in charge of After his return to Germany Lion the ambulances of the ‘Sanitätsfuhrpark regularly voiced his opinion on a Süd’ in Keetmanshop. He served in this number of subjects pertaining to South capacity until his return to Germany on West Africa. Although influenced by the the 19 May 1906, departing from Zeitgeist of that period, his opinion Lüderitzbucht. The premature return differed from the cynical views of other home (normally a posting to South West contemporary authors. Africa was for 3 years) came about for This biography is enriched by extensive medical reasons. Lion was declared bibliographical data. In a review in the unfit for active service on 25 April 1906 Bavarian Scouting magazine action it is and was sent home. He had already stated that “[t]his could be the most asked to be put on R and R leave by the detailed biography of Alexander Lion on coast in December 1905 but later the market today.” 6 withdrew his request. Assessing Lion’s service in his various postings in South West Africa his Julia Kleinemeyer-Hale superior officer, Oberstabsarzt (Major) Oswestry, UK Dr. Schelle, director of the field hospital South, wrote: “Lion always put his sound medical knowledge and ability to good use. He took care of patients and personnel in an excellent way! However, at times he overreacted due to his enthusiasm.” 3 On 30 July 1905 Ober- stabsarzt Gustav Duden wrote in Keetsmanshop: “Stabsarzt (Captain) Lion always showed great enthusiasm in all his postings and did quite well everywhere.” He managed this “despite weakened health.” 4 But he was still willing to accomplish whatever was expected of him. 5 Cf. Fridrich Freiherr von Dincklage-Campe, Reiter in Südwest , Berlin, Dt. Verl.-Haus Bong, [1908]: 335-338. 3 Militärakte Alexander Lion, Kriegsarchiv des 6 Stephan Schrölkamp u.a., “Ein Buch über Bayerischen Hauptstaatsarchivs, Abteilung IV, OP Alexander Lion (Ali), Mitbegründer der deutschen 44022. Pfadfinderbewegung”, action. Das 4 Ibid. Landesverbandsmagazin , 1, 2018: 42. 136 .
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