Independence, Credibility, and Communication of Central Banking
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Load more
Recommended publications
-
Bank of England Inflation Report November 2018
Inflation Report November 2018 Inflation Report November 2018 In order to maintain price stability, the Government has set the Bank’s Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) a target for the annual inflation rate of the Consumer Prices Index of 2%. Subject to that, the MPC is also required to support the Government’s economic policy, including its objectives for growth and employment. The Inflation Report is produced quarterly by Bank staff under the guidance of the members of the Monetary Policy Committee. It serves two purposes. First, its preparation provides a comprehensive and forward-looking framework for discussion among MPC members as an aid to our decision-making. Second, its publication allows us to share our thinking and explain the reasons for our decisions to those whom they affect. Although not every member will agree with every assumption on which our projections are based, the fan charts represent the MPC’s best collective judgement about the most likely paths for inflation, output and unemployment, as well as the uncertainties surrounding those central projections. This Report has been prepared and published by the Bank of England in accordance with section 18 of the Bank of England Act 1998. The Monetary Policy Committee: Mark Carney, Governor Ben Broadbent, Deputy Governor responsible for monetary policy Jon Cunliffe, Deputy Governor responsible for financial stability Dave Ramsden, Deputy Governor responsible for markets and banking Andrew Haldane Jonathan Haskel Michael Saunders Silvana Tenreyro Gertjan Vlieghe PowerPoint™ -
Coinage of 1857
US Coinage In 1857 John D Wright, NLG The US coinage of 1857 consists of fifteen totally different coins, including all of the ten different denominations authorized in 1792 (half cent and cent in copper, half dime through dollar in silver, and quarter eagle through eagle in gold) plus the gold dollar introduced in 1849, the double eagle introduced in 1850, the trime introduced in 1851, the $3 gold introduced in 1854, and finally the small cent introduced in 1857. In only nine years did the US mint strike all ten denominations of the 1792 mandate. The first time this was done was 1796. The second time was 1849 – over fifty years later. And the last time this was done was 1857. The Original Ten Denominations in 1857 In 1857 the five US mints produced 51 million coins: 368,726 in copper (large cents and half cents), 17.5 million in copper-nickel (new small cents), 30.4 million in silver (3c through $1), and 2.9 million in gold ($1 through $20). That is over fifty nickel cents for every copper coin of this year. There are several rarities of this year, but no great or legendary rarities. The most noteworthy of these are the gold dollar and quarter eagle of Dahlonega (fewer than 6,000 mintage combined), and the eagle of New Orleans (fewer than 5,600 mintage). The shortest-issue DENOMINATIONS of 1857 are the $3 (21K), the half cent (35K), and the eagle (48K), though when I tried to assemble a type set of 1857 I found the silver dollar (94K) to be the most elusive piece. -
The Tempered Ordered Probit (TOP) Model with an Application to Monetary Policy William H.Greene Max Gillman Mark N.Harris Christopher Spencer WP 2013 – 10
ISSN 1750-4171 ECONOMICS DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES The Tempered Ordered Probit (TOP) Model With An Application To Monetary Policy William H.Greene Max Gillman Mark N.Harris Christopher Spencer WP 2013 – 10 School of Business and Economics Loughborough University Loughborough LE11 3TU United Kingdom Tel: + 44 (0) 1509 222701 Fax: + 44 (0) 1509 223910 http://www.lboro.ac.uk/departments/sbe/economics/ The Tempered Ordered Probit (TOP) model with an application to monetary policy William H. Greeney Max Gillmanz Mark N. Harrisx Christopher Spencer{ September 2013 Abstract We propose a Tempered Ordered Probit (TOP) model. Our contribution lies not only in explicitly accounting for an excessive number of observations in a given choice category - as is the case in the standard literature on in‡ated models; rather, we introduce a new econometric model which nests the recently developed Middle In‡ated Ordered Probit (MIOP) models of Bagozzi and Mukherjee (2012) and Brooks, Harris, and Spencer (2012) as a special case, and further, can be used as a speci…cation test of the MIOP, where the implicit test is described as being one of symmetry versus asymmetry. In our application, which exploits a panel data-set containing the votes of Bank of England Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) members, we show that the TOP model a¤ords the econometrician considerable ‡exibility with respect to modelling the impact of di¤erent forms of uncertainty on interest rate decisions. Our …ndings, we argue, reveal MPC members’ asymmetric attitudes towards uncertainty and the changeability of interest rates. Keywords: Monetary policy committee, voting, discrete data, uncertainty, tempered equations. -
GTMP-Ed4-Ebook-1.Pdf
Gold: The Monetary Polaris by Nathan Lewis Copyright 2013 by Nathan Lewis. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form of by any means electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, printing, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from Canyon Maple Publishing. Published by Canyon Maple Publishing PO Box 98 New Berlin, NY 13411 [email protected] newworldeconomics.com Fourth edition October 2019 If you think in terms of a year, plant a seed; if in terms of ten years, plant trees; if in terms of 100 years, teach the people. –Confucius [I]n all cases human society chooses for that basis-article we call "money" that which fluctuates least in price, is the most generally used or desired, is in the greatest, most general, and most constant demand, and has value in itself. "Money" is only a word meaning the article used as the basis-article for exchanging all other articles. An article is not first made valuable by law and then elected to be "money." The article first proves itself valuable and best suited for the purpose, and so becomes of itself and in itself the basis-article – money. It elects itself. ... [The precious] metals proved their superiority. These do not decay, do not change in value so rapidly ... [T]hese metals are less liable to fluctuate in value than any article previously used as "money." This is of vital importance, for the one essential quality that is needed in the article which we use as a basis for exchanging all other articles is fixity of value. -
Abstracts, Posters and Program
Gold and Silver Deposits in Colorado Symposium Abstracts, posters And program Berthoud Hall, Colorado School of Mines Golden, Colorado July 20-24, 2017 GOLD AND SILVER DEPOSITS IN COLORADO SYMPOSIUM July 20-24, 2017 ABSTRACTS, POSTERS AND PROGRAM Principle Editors: Lewis C. Kleinhans Mary L. Little Peter J. Modreski Sponsors: Colorado School of Mines Geology Museum Denver Regional Geologists’ Society Friends of the Colorado School of Mines Geology Museum Friends of Mineralogy – Colorado Chapter Front Cover: Breckenridge wire gold specimen (photo credit Jeff Scovil). Cripple Creek Open Pit Mine panorama, March 10, 2017 (photo credit Mary Little). Design by Lew Kleinhans. Back Cover: The Mineral Industry Timeline – Exploration (old gold panner); Discovery (Cresson "Vug" from Cresson Mine, Cripple Creek); Development (Cripple Creek Open Pit Mine); Production (gold bullion refined from AngloGold Ashanti Cripple Creek dore and used to produce the gold leaf that was applied to the top of the Colorado Capital Building. Design by Lew Kleinhans and Jim Paschis. Berthoud Hall, Colorado School of Mines Golden, Colorado July 20-24, 2017 Symposium Planning Committee Members: Peter J. Modreski Michael L. Smith Steve Zahony Lewis C. Kleinhans Mary L. Little Bruce Geller Jim Paschis Amber Brenzikofer Ken Kucera L.J.Karr Additional thanks to: Bill Rehrig and Jim Piper. Acknowledgements: Far too many contributors participated in the making of this symposium than can be mentioned here. Notwithstanding, the Planning Committee would like to acknowledge and express appreciation for endorsements from the Colorado Geological Survey, the Colorado Mining Association, the Colorado Department of Natural Resources and the Colorado Division of Mine Safety and Reclamation. -
Working Paper Series
BANKWEST CURTIN ECONOMICS CENTRE WORKING PAPER SERIES 13/9: Estimating the Standard Errors of Individual- Specifi c Parameters in Random Parameters Models William Greene, Mark N. Harris, Christopher Spencer business.curtin.edu.au/bcec This paper was written by researchers affi liated with the Bankwest Curtin Economics Centre (‘the Centre’). While every eff ort has been made to ensure the accuracy of this document, the uncertain nature of economic data, forecasting and analysis means that the Centre, Curtin University and/or Bankwest are unable to make any warranties in relation to the information contained herein. Any person who relies on the information contained in this document does so at their own risk. The Centre, Curtin University, Bankwest, and/or their employees and agents disclaim liability for any loss or damage, which may arise as a consequence of any person relying on the information contained in this document. Except where liability under any statute cannot be excluded, the Centre, Curtin University, Bankwest and/or their advisors, employees and offi cers do not accept any liability (whether under contract, tort or otherwise) for any resulting loss or damage suff ered by the reader or by any other person. The views in this publication are those of the authors and do not represent the views of Curtin University and/or Bankwest or any of their affi liates. This publication is provided as general information only and does not consider anyone’s specifi c objectives, situation or needs. Neither the authors nor the Centre accept any duty of care or liability to anyone regarding this publication or any loss suff ered in connection with the use of this publication or any of its content. -
Independent Review of UK Economic Statistics March 2016 Independent Review of UK Economic Statistics Professor Sir Charles Bean
Front cover Independent review of UK economic statistics Independent Review of UK Economic Statistics Professor Sir Charles Bean March 2016 March 2016 2904936 Cover and Dividers v1_0.indd 1 09/03/2016 13:43 Independent Review of UK Economic Statistics Professor Sir Charles Bean March 2016 ii Independent Review of UK Economic Statistics Contents Chapter 1: Introduction and overview 1 Background to the Review 1 A vision for the future provision of economic statistics 6 Recommendations: Measuring the economy 8 Recommendations: ONS capability and performance 10 Recommendations: Governance of statistics 13 Content outline 15 Chapter 2: Measuring the modern economy – established challenges 19 Measuring GDP 19 Measuring services 35 Measuring financial inter-connectedness 42 Regional statistics 47 Measuring the labour market 50 Physical capital 58 Land market statistics 62 Addressing established statistical limitations 68 Chapter 3: Measuring the modern economy – emerging challenges 71 Value added in the digital modern economy 71 The sharing economy 91 Intangible investment 98 Accounting for quality change 106 Understanding the international location of economic activity 112 Keeping abreast of an evolving economy 116 Chapter 4: Effectiveness of ONS 121 Recent history of ONS 121 ONS resources 124 Recent ONS performance 130 Culture, Capability and Collaboration 137 Survey data sources 156 Administrative data and alternative data sources 162 Contents iii Data science capability 167 Technology and data infrastructure 176 Dissemination of ONS statistics -
Moedas Virtuais: Um Novo Dólar Ou Um Bolívar Venezuelano?
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20435/multi.v24i58.2402 Moedas virtuais: um novo Dólar ou um Bolívar venezuelano? Virtual coins: a new Dollar or a Venezuelan Bolivar? Monedas virtuales: ¿un nuevo Dólar o un Bolívar venezolano? Luiz Felipe Borges Cunha1 Leandro Tortosa Sequeira2 Simone Yukimi Kunimoto3 1 Cooperativa de Crédito SICREDI. E-mail:felipe.borges_11@hotmail , Orcid: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3862-6020 2 Universidade Católica Dom Bosco – Ciências Sociais e Aplicadas – Administração. E-mail: [email protected], Orcid: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-5499 3 Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Local – Stricto Sensu. E-mail: [email protected], Orcid: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0952-7725 Recebido em 15/02/2019; provado para publicação em 17/05/2019 Luiz Felipe Borges CUNHA; Leandro Tortosa SEQUEIRA; Simone Yukimi KUNIMOTO Resumo: Os meios de pagamento virtuais estruturados em Blockchain têm surgido como uma opção disruptiva às formas convencionais, inclusive transcendendo suas limitações. O presente artigo investigou a possibilidade de que as Moedas Virtuais venham a suplantar a representatividade do Dólar Americano como meio de pagamento e de reservas cambiais preponderante na nova economia global. O método de análise empregado foi a pesquisa descritiva, partindo de uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema. Ao final do estudo, concluiu- se que as Moedas Virtuais, em seu atual estágio de desenvolvimento, provavelmente não teriam condições de substituir o Dólar Americano como equivalente geral e lastro para reservas globais. Palavras-chave: meio de pagamento; blockchain; nova economia. Abstract: Blockchain-structured virtual payment means have emerged as a disruptive option to conventional forms, even transcending its limitations. -
Causes and Consequences of Persistently Low Interest Rates
Low for Long? Causes and Consequences of Persistently Low Interest Rates Geneva Reports on the World Economy 17 International Center for Monetary and Banking Studies (ICMB) International Center for Monetary and Banking Studies 2, Chemin Eugène-Rigot 1202 Geneva Switzerland Tel: (41 22) 734 9548 Fax: (41 22) 733 3853 Web: www.icmb.ch © October 2015 International Center for Monetary and Banking Studies Centre for Economic Policy Research Centre for Economic Policy Research 3rd Floor 77 Bastwick Street London EC1V 3PZ UK Tel: +44 (20) 7183 8801 Fax: +44 (20) 7183 8820 Email: [email protected] Web: www.cepr.org ISBN: 978-1-907142-94-9 Low for Long? Causes and Consequences of Persistently Low Interest Rates Geneva Reports on the World Economy 17 Charles Bean London School of Economics and CEPR Christian Broda Duquesne Capital Management Takatoshi Ito University of Tokyo, University of Columbia and CEPR Randall Kroszner Booth School of Business, University of Chicago ICMB INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR MONETARY AND BANKING STUDIES CIMB CENTRE INTERNATIONAL D’ETUDES MONETAIRES ET BANCAIRES CEPR PRESS The International Center for Monetary and Banking Studies (ICMB) The International Center for Monetary and Banking Studies (ICMB) was created in 1973 as an independent, non-profit foundation. It is associated with Geneva's Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies. Its aim is to foster exchanges of views between the financial sector, central banks and academics on issues of common interest. It is financed through grants from banks, financial institutions and central banks. The Center sponsors international conferences, public lectures, original research and publications. In association with CEPR, the Center has published the Geneva Reports on the World Economy since 1999. -
Changing Risks to the Economic Outlook
From asymmetry to symmetry: changing risks to the economic outlook Speech given by Gertjan Vlieghe, External MPC member, Bank of England Confederation of British Industry, Birmingham 23 March 2018 I would like to thank Yad Selvakumar, William Abel, Emil Iordanov, Manveer Sokhi, Rodrigo Guimarães, Clare Macallan, Thomas Belsham, Alex Tuckett, Silvana Tenreyro, Michael Saunders, Ben Broadbent and Ian McCafferty for help and insightful comments. 1 All speeches are available online at www.bankofengland.co.uk/speeches I will discuss the recent evolution of the economic outlook, and in particular the prospects for growth, inflation and interest rates. I will focus on how the balance of risks has changed, and argue that it has become more symmetric relative to previous years. Global economy Developments in the global economy have always been and continue to be an important influence on the UK economy, via a range of trade and financial channels. Over the past year and a half or so, the global economy has picked up significantly. Chart 1 shows that, after many years of surprising persistently to the downside, since mid-2016 global growth has surprised persistently on the upside.1 The strength of global growth is noteworthy along several dimensions. Chart 1. World GDP versus Bank of England forecasts Notes: Grey lines denote BoE forecasts from May and November Inflation Reports in each year. Source: Bank of England First, global growth is now more broad-based than in the early years of the post-crisis recovery. In 2011, for example, global growth was also strong, but it was supported by very strong stimulus-driven growth in emerging markets, counterbalanced by weak growth in advanced economies. -
Speech by Ben Broadbent at the Reserve Bank of Australia
Monetary and macro-prudential policies: The case for a separation of powers Speech given by Ben Broadbent Reserve Bank of Australia, Sydney via videolink from Bank of England 12 April 2018 I have benefitted from helpful comments from my colleagues at the Bank of England. I would particularly like to thank Mette E. Nielsen, Richard Harrison, Lien Laureys, Roland Meeks, Ambrogio Cesa-Bianchi and Matthew Corder for their valuable research assistance. The views expressed are my own and do not necessarily reflect those of the Bank of England or other members of the Monetary Policy Committee. 1 All speeches are available online at www.bankofengland.co.uk/speeches Periodically, public services in Britain are criticised for what is described as a “target culture”. The charge is that, because they’re asked by politicians to concentrate on the more prominent and observable objectives of the job, public services can pay too little attention to its less visible requirements, even when those are equally important. If you ask doctors to prioritise a reduction in waiting lists they might then spend too little time with individual patients. If they’re judged only by exam results there’s a risk that schools “teach to the test” and neglect the broader aspects of education. What these jobs have in common is that they involve multiple objectives, some of which are more easily measured than others. Many jobs are like this and economists have suggested that this can explain why, in the real world, performance-based pay contracts are much less prevalent than one would expect. -
Revisiting the 3D Perspective on Low Long Term Interest Rates
Revisiting the 3D Perspective on Low Long Term Interest Rates 26 July 2021, 12:00pm Speech given by Dr Gertjan Vlieghe, External Member of the Monetary Policy Committee at the Bank of England. Given as part of LSE’s public lecture programme. Transcript originally taken from the Bank of England website: https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/-/media/boe/files/speech/2021/july/running-out-of- room-revisiting-the-3d-perspective-on-low-interest-rates-speech-by-gertjan- vlieghe.pdf?la=en&hash=DB9F3B24BD2CC75E5737442A3D053499C984E6A2 I would like to thank Rodrigo Guimarães and Lennart Brandt for assistance in preparing this speech, and for comments and discussions I would like to thank Andrew Bailey, Torsten Bell, Ben Broadbent, Maren Froemel, Richard Harrison, Andrew Hauser, Sophie Piton, Michael Saunders, Fergal Shortall, Silvana Tenreyro, and Lukas von dem Berge. 1 All speeches are available online at www.bankofengland.co.uk/news/speeches and @BoE_PressOffice 1. Introduction Good afternoon. Today’s public lecture will be my last as an external member of the Monetary Policy Committee, since my term comes to an end shortly. It has been a privilege to have served on the MPC in the past six years. When I joined the Committee, someone made the comment that it might not be that exciting a period in history to do this job, because the expectation at the time was that the economy would just continue to recover gradually from the financial crisis, and that interest rates would only rise very slowly, over a number of years. As it turns out, we had Brexit, a US-China trade war, and a global pandemic.