Form No. 10-300 ^ ACH*' UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR DATA SHEET NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES ! INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM

SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS ______TYPE ALL ENTRIES -- COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS______[NAME

HISTORIC Federal Street Historic District AND/OR COMMON

An irregular pattern along Federal Street, School Street, Green Street, STREET& NUMBER Park Row, Cleaveland Street, Bath Street, Maine Street, and Bowdoin College Campus. _NOTFOR PUBLICATION CITY. TOWN CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT • Brunswick _ VICINITY OF 1st Hon. David Emery STATE CODE COUNTY CODE Maine 23 Cumberland HCLASSIFICATION . CATEGORY OWNERSHIP STATUS PRESENT USE ! ^DISTRICT —PUBLIC 2LOCCUPIED —AGRICULTURE —MUSEUM — BUILDING(S) —PRIVATE —UNOCCUPIED —COMMERCIAL —PARK —STRUCTURE J^BOTH --WORK IN PROGRESS JSEDUCATIONAL J*PRIVATE RESIDENCE —SITE PUBLIC ACQUISITION ACCESSIBLE —ENTERTAINMENT J^RELIGIOUS __06JECT _IN PROCESS —YES: RESTRICTED JEGOVERNMENT —SCIENTIFIC —BEING CONSIDERED 2! YES: UNRESTRICTED ..INDUSTRIAL _ TRANSPORTATION :. _NO —MILITARY —OTHER: OWNER OF PROPERTY

NAME Multiple Ownership

STREET & NUMBER

CITY, TOWN STATE VICINITY OF LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION

COURTHOUSE. REGISTRY OF DEEDSyETC. Cumberland County Registry of Deeds STREET & NUMBER 142 Federal Street CITY. TOWN STATE Portland, Maine REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS

TITLE

DATE —FEDERAL —STATE —COUNTY —LOCAL DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS CITY, TOWN STATE DESCRIPTION

CONDITION CHECK ONE CHECK ONE

—EXCELLENT —DETERIORATED —UNALTERED —ORIGINAL SITE —GOOD —RUINS —ALTERED —MOVED DATE______—FAIR _UNEXPOSED

DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (IF KNOWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

The Federal Street Historic District in Brunswick is comprised of acohesive, homogeneous grouping of late 18th, 19th and 20th century architecture. Styl­ istically, the largest number of structures are evenly divided between the Federal (31), the Greek Revival (30), and the Colonial Revival (36) periods. Styles represented in the district include the Post Colonial (i.e.50, David Stanwood House), the Transitional Federal-Greek Revival (i.e. 58, J. Ellis House), the Greek Revival (i.e. 24, Webb House), the Gothic Revival (i.e. 105, Henry - Boody House), the Transitional Greek Revival-Italianate (i.e.57 Double House), the Italianate (i.e. 55, Capt. Francis Jordan House), the Eclectic (i.e. 95, Joshua L. Chamberlain House), the Stick Style (i.e n 29, Unitarian Church), the Queen Anne (i.e. 1, Two Family House), the Romanesque Revival (i.e. 119, Chapel), the Shingle : Style (i.e. 102, 'Psi Upsilon Fraternity House), : the-Colonial Revival (i.e. 104; DSlta'Kappa Epsilori Fraternity House), the Jacobean Revival^(i.e. 110, N Searles Science Building), the Remaissance Revival (i.e. 112, Walker'Art Building), the Bungalow (i.e. 64, House), and the Contemporary (i.e. Ill, Art Instruction Building).

Of the 138 homes and buildings within the district, 2 are Post Colonial, 31 are Federal, 3 are Transitional Federal-Greek Revival, 30 are Greek Revival, 4 are Gothic Revival, 1 is Transitional Greek Revival-Italianate, 9 are Italianate, 1 is Eclectic, 1 is Stick Style, 3 are Queen Anne, 2 are Romanesque Revival, 3 are Shingle Style, 36 are Colonial Revival, 1 is Jacobean Revival, 1 is Renaissance Revival, 1 is Bungalow, 7 are Contemporary, and 2 are of 19th century origin but have been remodelled so as! ' :to make style determination impossible. n - :- . ;

During a span of nearly two centuries of styles, the predominent character­ istic in the Federal Street Historic District has been a straightforward inter­ pretation of the current architectural mode. Many of the district's structures can be classed as vernacular examples of their style. However, a number of them, especially those on the Bowdoin College Campus, constitute major works by architects of state and national importance. These include Samuel Melcher Ill's Prof. Parker Cleaveland House (47), Richard Upjohn's First Parish Congregational Church (94) and Bowdoin College Chapel (119), Gervase Wheeler's Henry Boody House (105), Henry Vaughn's Searles Science Building (110) and Hubbard Hall (115), McKim, Mead and White's Walker Art Building (112), and John Calvin Stevens' Psi Upsilon Fraternity House (102).

The scale, proportion, materials, color and design quality of the structures are in harmony throughout the Federal Street Historic District. The only dramatic variation in scale is the 16 story Bowdoin Senior Center (137), which is located on the southern perimeter of both the campus and the district.

The following figures delineate the scale of the 138 homes and buildings in the area:

1 1 story gable roof 2 1 story hip roof 2 1 story arched roof (See continuation sheets) SIGNIFICANCE

PERIOD AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE-CHECK AND JUSTIFY BELOW

—PREHISTORIC —ARCHEOLOGY-PREHISTORIC —COMMUNITY PLANNING —LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE ^RELIGION —1400-1499 —ARCHEOLOGY-HISTORIC —CONSERVATION _LAW —SCIENCE —1500-1599 —AGRICULTURE » —ECONOMICS —LITERATURE _SCULPTURE —1600-1699 ^^ARCHITECTURE 2E.EDUCATION —MILITARY —SOCIAL/HUMANITARIAN X_1700-1799 _ART —ENGINEERING —MUSIC —THEATER 2L. 1800-1899 —COMMERCE —EXPLORATION/SETTLEMENT —PHILOSOPHY ••> • .- i —TRANSPORTATION X.1900- —COMMUNICATIONS —INDUSTRY —POLITICS/GOVERNMENT —OTHER (SPECIFY) _INVENTION

SPECIFIC DATES BUILDER/ARCHITECT

STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

I ( n t, -. r-. r

i "( - ' >f. " i: i /j [_>.>[

'.ilhe-first^settler in.,the> Brunswick: arearwas Thpmas-. Purch&sv wh.Q acquired •^extensive.-lands prior to. 1628 through,:.,a patent from, the,Massachusetts-!govern^ ment.*-jr Shortly after his death, in ^167.^ at t-he age } pf-.101 his, heirs -sold the .bulk of his holdings to Richard Wharton who also purchased from^tfye Indians extensive territories on either side of the Androscoggin River as far upstream as the*present Lewiston./ Wharton sold these lands in 1714 to a number of gentlemen of wealth"and influence, mostly from Boston, who associated them­ selves under the name of the Pejepscot Proprietors, Pejepscot being the Indian name for the area.

This Pejepscot Purchase, so called, marks the beginning of the history of permanent settlement in Brunswick since the sparse earlier settlements had been twice wiped out in the Indian.wars of, 1675 and 1690. Once, more, however, during Lovewell's War in 1722, Indian raids nearly depopulated the area. By 1727, under the wtachful eye of the Proprietors, a permanenet stable settlement was achieved.' ••--.•• . • ... . :- •..-...,. , <• . • - •'., >< . -

Disputes over boundaries with other land speculators, -most notably the Pymouth Company, plaeued the Proprietors, but they continued to administer the sale of land in the area until 1814, one hundred years -from their founding. In that year, all their lands having been disposed of, the Pejepscot Proprietors terminated the company.

The town was incorporated in 1737 and according to the census of 1790 then boasted a population of 1,387.

The falls of the Androscoggin at Brunswick provided amply power for a varied assortment of mills which sprang up during the 18th century and the town grew apace and experienced reasonable economic success. Another contributing factor was easy access to the sea so that goods of all kinds could be trans­ ported with facility.

However, the decade beginning in 1798 proved to be the most prosperous up to that time and for a considerable period thereafter. Brunswick, as well as many another New England seacoast town took full advantage of the United States' rol& as a neutral carrier during this part of the long struggle with Napoleon in Europe. Shipping boomed as trade with both adversaries increased. This period of good fortune terminated with the Embargo^ in 1807. (see continuation sheets) HMAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES Bowdoln College Catalogue, 1974-75, Brunswick, 1974

Cleaveland, Nehemiah and Alpheus S. Packard, History of Bowdoin College, Boston, 1882

Hatch, Louis C., The History of Bowdoin College, Portland, 1927 ___ (See continuation sheet)__ ___

ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY. 65 ac. UTM REFERENCES

|l.9| |4|2.2i4.7 t 5| i4.8j6,3|0t 7,5| |4i2.3|0.2i5l I 4. 8i 6.310.5, 0| ZONE EASTING NORTHING EASTING NORTHING |li9| |4|2,.2.|9i5iO| Ui8|6t ll 7. 2. 5\ Ul2i2l-4iQiQl I 4r 8l 61 li 7i 5i Q! VERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION Beginning at the intersection of Mason and Federal Streets the district boundary runs southerly along the rear property-lines on the east side of Federal Street to the intersection of Federal and Bath Streets, thence southerly along the centerline of Sills Drive to College Street. The line continues west along the rear property lines on the southern side of College Street, then turns south along the rear pro|>erty\Lines on the east side of Park Row and west along the sout] (see continuation sneet)lx>Or CouL-g<&c- J-J&feav/tq* (Q»2. 7£ LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES

STATE CODE COUNTY CODE

STATE CODE COUNTY CODE

FORM PREPARED BY NAME/TITLE Earle G. Shettleworth, Jr. , Architectural Historian Frank A. Beard, Historic Preservationist ORGANIZATION DATE Maine Historic Preservation Commission December 1975 STREET & NUMBER TELEPHONE 31 Western Avenue .. 207-289-2133 CITY OR TOWN STATE Augus ta, Maine STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER CERTIFICATION THE EVALUATED SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS PROPERTY WITHIN THE STATE IS:

NATIONAL JL_ STATE___ LOCAL___

As the designated State Historic Preservation Qfficer for the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-665), I hereby nominate this property for inclusion in the National Register an decertify that it has been evaluated according to the criteria and procedures set forth by the National Park Service.

STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER SIGNATURE

TITLE State Historic Preservation Officer DATE 6/76

IB ••^^^^^ il:*l:::;:si:S>;H::>:::::;liiiliil

GPO 892-453 Form No. 1f)-300a (Aev.'lO-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THH INTERIOR FOR NFS US£ ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED JAN 30 1976 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY « NOMINATION FORM DATE ENTERED OCT..2.9 1976

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE

3 1 story flat roof I 1% story hip roof 5 1% story gable roof 2 2 story ganibrel roof 5 2 story flat roof 8 2 story gable roof 18- 2 story hip roof 6 2% story ganibrel roof II 2^ story hip roof 57, 2ig story gable roof 1 3 story gable roof 4- 3 story hip roof 4 3 story flat roof 1 3^2 story gable roof 2 4 story flat roof 4 4 story hip roof 1 16 story flat roof

Most of the structures exhibit a traditional concern for symmetrical design and proportion, especially the 31 Federal, the 30 Greek Revival, and the 36 . Colonial Revival ones. Of the 138 homes and buildings, 2 are concrete, 2 are stone, 40 are brick, and 94 are frame. Of the frame ones, 1 has a combination of shingling half timbering, and wooden siding, 2 have board and batten, 3 have clapboarding, and shingling, 3 have asphalt siding, 3 have rusticated sheathing, 4 have match boarding and clapboarding, 5 have wooden siding, 6 have shingling, 8 have aluminum siding, and 59 are clapboarded. White is the predominent paint color especially on the frame Federal, Greek Revival, and Colonial Revival Structures. The Bowdoin College campus is predominently of red brick construction with light colored wood : and stone trim.

The Federal Street Historic District 138 homes and buildings stand in close proximity to one another on seven streets, Federal Street, School Street, Green Street, Park Row, Cleaveland Street, Bath Street, and Main Street as well on the Bowdoin College Campus. Yet this close proximity should not be interpreted to mean the presence of a rigid pattern of structure location. Houses and buildings relate to streets at varying angles and distances. The most regularized pattern of development is evident in three areas, the row of early 19th century residences on the east side of the northern end of Federal Street (6,7,9,10,11,12,13,15, 16,18,20), the 19th century houses on Park Row which face the Mall of 1826-36 (65-77), and the original rectangular campus area with its perimeters marked by brick and stone buildings (108-122). Both the Mall and the Campus are planted with fine shade trees.

(See continuation shset)t •... Form No, 1{)-300a

CONTINUATION SHEET ______ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE 3 ______

Of the 138 structures in the District, 80 are residential and 36 are educational, while 9 are fraternal (74,96,97,99,101, 102,104,106,135), 4 are in church use (43,80, 94,119), another 4 are commercial (14,40,68,77), 2 are in public use (28,30), 2 are funeral homes (8,18), and 1 is the local historical society's lecture hall (60). There are no Federally owned buildings within the district.

Most houses and buildings are presently being used for their original purpose. Exceptions include the residences which have been adapted for funeral homes (8.18), offices (14,68), a restaurant (40), a clothing store (77), college purposes (5.3,89), and fraternal uses (74,97,106). An additional adaptation of significance is the Second Baptist Church of 1827 (60), which served from 1891 to 1975, as the head­ quarters of the Pejebscot Historic Society and has now become its lecture hall. The reuse of these structures occured as isolated instances over a long period of time.

Most of the Federal Street Historic District's homes and buildings are in good to excellent condition. Most structures have a?parentily always been well main­ tained. The west side of the northern end of Federal Street contains the only buildings which can be classed as serious intrusions to the area. These are a house which gained a combination of vertical board siding and shingling in the process of becoming an office building (14), the brick, concrete and steel municipal building of 1960 (17), and the wood, brick and concrete recreation building of c.1945 (19), Other buildings of the last fifty years in the district either blend in through their traditional Colonial Revival styling or add positively with quality contemporary design to the rich mixture of architectural periods which characterizes the area. The latter factor is especially true of such recent additions to the Bowdoin College Campus as Hugh Stubbins 1 Senior Center of 1964 (137), Walker Cain's Hawthorne Hawthorne-Longfellow Library of 1964-65(114), and Edward Barnes 1 Art Instructional Building of 1975 (111). These structures 'carry on a tradition of architectural simplicity and strength begun by Samuel Melcher III in Massachusetts Hall (108) and Prof* Parker Cleaveland's House (47).

The Federal Street Historic District represents the highest concentration of homes and buildings of architectural merit within Brunswick. Adjacent streets have not been included because of their lower concentrations of quality structures and their larger number of intrusions. The district is composed of an outstanding continuum of architecture from the late 18th century to the present, which reflects Brunswick's historical role as an important commercial and educational center. Form No 1£-300a (Aev 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE

Inventory of Structures Located within the Federal street Historic District.

House and Building Names and Dates are based largely on the 1828, 1846, 1857 and 1871 Maps of Brunswick.

FEDERAL STREET

Map Street Number Number 1 1 Two Family House, post 1871 Queen Anne, 2 stories, frame with wooden siding

2 2 Wilson House, by 1828 Federal, 2 stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

3 3 Two Family House, post 1871 Queen Anne, 2 stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

4 5 House, post 1871 Colonial Revival, 2 stories, frame with asphalt siding

5 6 House, post 1871 Colonial Revival, 2 stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

6 7 Benjamin Weld House, by 1828 Attributed to Samuel Melcher,lll, Architect and Builder Federal, 2 stories, frame with aluminum siding, fine Federal portico and

7 17 Dunlap Street Townsend House, c. 1828-1846 Greek Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

8 8 Stetson House, c. 1846^1857 Greek Revival, 2^ stories, frame with aluminum siding

9 9 J. Dunlap House, by 1828 Federal, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior, elaborate enclosed Colonial Revival portico

(See continuation sheets) Form No 1f)-300a (Aev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR FOR NPS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES OCT 2 S 1978 INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM DATE ENTERED

CONTIIMU ATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE 5

Federal Street cont:

Map Street Number Number

10 11 James Carey House, by 1828 Federal, 2% stories, frame with aluminum siding, Italianate doorway overhang

11 13 Ezra P. Drew House, by 1828 Federal, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior, central chimney, Greek Revival corner pilaster and cornice trim

12 17 Robert Eastman House, by 1828 Federal, 2% stories, frame with clapboarded exterior, Greek Revival corner pilaster and cornice trim, first story Italianate bay window on either side of the doorway, 20th century two story porch on south wall

13 19 Nahum Houghton House, by 1828 Federal, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior, Greek Revival corner pilaster and cornice trim, first story Italianate bay windows and front porch, 20th century central roof dormer

14 20 House, post 1871 Colonial Revival, 2 stories, frame with first story vertical board siding and second story shingling, converted into an office building

15 25 Hinkley House, by 1828 Federal, 2% stories, frame with asphalt siding, Colonial Revival first story portico with bay window above, large window at either side of portico

16 27 Governor Robert P. Dunlap House, 1825-26 Samuel Melcher III, Architect and Builder Federal, 3 Stories, frame with asphalt siding

17 28 Brunswick Municipal Building, 1960 Walsh Engineers, Inc., of South Portland, Architects Contemporary, 1 story, brick with concrete and steel trim.

18 29 C. Weld House, by 1828 Federal, 2 stories, frame with wooden siding (see continuation sheets) Form No 10-300a (Aev. 10-74} UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FOR NFS USe ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE JAN 3. 0 197R NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM DATE ENTERED QET 8 S ^7C

COIMTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER ' PAGE °

Federal Street cont:

Map Street Number Number

19 30 Brunswick Recreation Center, c.1945 — Contemporary, 1 story, wood, brick and concrete construction

20 31 Ethan Earle House, 1827 Samuel Melcher III, Architect and Builder Federal, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior, remodelled for Edward W. Wheeler in the Colonial Revival style in 1925 by John Calvin Stevens of Portland

21 32 R. Merrill House, c. 1828-1846 Greek Revival, 2% stories, brick with wood and stone trim

22 33 House, post 1871 Colonial Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded first story, remainder shingled

23 34 J. Derby House, c.1828-1846 Federal, 2^ stories, Frame with clapboarded exterior

24 36 Webb House, c.1840 Greek Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

25 38 House, post 1871 Colonial Revival, 2 stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

26 40 House, post 1871 Colonial Revival, 2 stories, frame with aluminum siding

27 42 E. Brown House, by 1828 Federal, 2% stories, frame with clapboarded exterior, Greek Revival corner pilaster, cornice and half story window trim

28 46 Brunswick High School, 1892-94 & 1915-16, became the Hawthorne School in 1938 Elmer I. Thomas of Lewiston, Architect for the original building Alien and Collens of Boston, Felix A. Burton, of Brunswick, Architects for the reconstruction after the 1915 fire. Originally Romanesque Revival, altered to Colonial Revival in the reconstruction, 2 stories, brick with wood and stone trim

(see continuation sheets) Form No 1{)-300a I (W 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FOR NPS USi ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED "** i;; NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM

CONTI NU ATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER PAGE

Federal Street cont:

Map Street Number Number

29 43 Unitarian Church, 1878 Nathaniel J. Bradlee of Boston, Architect Stick Style, 1 story with tower, frame with shingled, half timbered and wooden sided exterior

30 45&47 P. Owen House, by 1828 Federal, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior, re­ modelled into a double house

31 50&52 Double House, c.1846-1857 Greek Revival, 2^ stories, brick with wood and stone trim

32 51 House, c.1828-1846, faces on Booker Street Federal, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior, Queen Anne, first story side porch on Federal Street

33 54 House, post 1871 Colonial Revival, 2 stories, frame with clapboarded and brick exterior

34 56 House, post 1871 Italianate, 2% stories, brick with wooden trim

35 58 House, post 1871 Colonial Revival, 2% stories, frame with wooden siding

36 59 House, post 1871 Colonial Revival, 2 stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

37 60 House, post 1871 Colonial Revival, 2 stories, frame with aluminum siding

38 61 Prof. Young House, c.1857-1871 Italianate, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

39 62 House, post 1871 Colonial Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

63 Rev. Benjamin Titcomb (Stowe) House, 1806-07, NHL Samuel Melcher III^ Architect and Builder (see continuation sheet) Form No. 10-300a (Aev. 10-74) U NITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR FOR NFS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED JAM 30 1976 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES 2O f\ INVENTORY « NOMINATION FORM

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER / PAGE 8

Federal Street cont:

Map Street Number Number

40 63 Rev. Benjamin Titcomb (Description continued) Federal, 2^ stories, frame with match boarded and clap- boarded exterior, complete Greek Revival exterior remodelling

41 64 A. Lemont House, c.1837-1840 Greek Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

42 69 House, post 1871 Colonial Revival, 2 stories, frame with clapboarded exterior and rusticated corners

43 70 Tarbox House, c.1846-1857 Greek Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior, 20th century enclosed first story side porch

44 71 John A. Cleaveland House, c.1845 Greek Revival, 2^ stories, brick with wood and stone trim, enclosed first story Colonial Revival side porch

45 72 Daniel Stone House, 1821 Aaron Dunning, Architect and Builder Federal, 2% stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

46 74 McLellan House, by 1828 Federal, 2 stories, frame with fine Federal portico and roof balustrade, Greek Revival corner pilasters

47 75 Prof. Parker Cleaveland House, 1806 Samuel Melcher III, Architect and Builder Federal, 2 stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

48 76 Aaron Dunning House, 1807 Aaron Dunning, Architect and Builder Federal, 2 stories, frame with clapboarded exterior, Greek Revival doorway

49 78 J. R. Barker, c.1828-1846 Greek Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

(see continuation sheets) Form No 10-300a (Aev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM

CONTI NUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER PAGE

Federal Street cont:

Map Street Number Number

50 79 David Stanwood House, c.1790, moved from Maine Street to this location in 1821 Post Colonial, 2% stories, frame with clapboarded exterior, central chimney, Colonial Revival doorway

51 80 W. R. Field House, early 1830's Greek Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

52 82 W. R. Field House, c.1840 Greek Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

53 83 Prof. Brackett House, c.1857-1871 Greek Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

54 84&S6 Ira Merryman Double House, c.1837-40 Transitional Federal-Greek Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

55 85 Capt. Francis Jordan (Bowdoin College President's House 1860 Italianate, 2^ stories with cupola frame with rusticated exterior sheathing

56 88 House, post 1871 Colonial Revival, 2% stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

(see continuation sheets) Form No 1f)-300a (fiev. 10-74)

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FOR NFS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED : : NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM

CONTI NUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER PAGE 10

SCHOOL STREET

Map Street Number Number

57 8&10 Double House, c.1846-1857 Transitional Greek Revival - Italianate, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

58 11 J. Ellis House, c.1828-1846 Transitional Federal - Greek Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior, Stick Style doorway overhang

59 13 J & E McLellan House, by 1828 Federal, Cape, 1% stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

60 14 Second Baptist Church, 1827 Federal with Gothic Revival trim, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

61 15 Harmon House, c.1857-1871 Greek Revival, 2 stories, frame with shingled exterior

62 16 House, post 1871 2 stories, frame with shingled exterior

GREEN STREET

63 Wingate House, c.1828-1846 Greek Revival, Cape, 1^ stories, frame with wooden siding

64 House, post 1871 Bungalow, 1^ stories, frame with clapboarded and shingled exterior

(see continuation sheets) Form No. 1f)-300a (Aev 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR FOR NFS USE ONIY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED vJAN 30 1976 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES QOT 2, 8 IS/6 INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE 11

PARK ROW

Map Street Number Number

65 153 Orr House, by 1828 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior; originally Colonial or Federal; Greek Revival window trim, corner pilasters, and cornice molding; elaborate Italianate facade with doorway overhang, first and second story windows, and central roof gable

66 155&157 Mitchell Double House, c.1857-1871 Italianate, 2% stories, with cupola, frame with match boarded facade, remainder clapboarded

67 159&161 Skolfield Double House, c.1856 Italianate, 2^ stories,with cupola brick with wood, stone and metal trim

68 163 House, post 1871 Colonial Revival, 2^ stories, frame with aluminum siding

69 165 Bowker House, c.1846-1857 Greek Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

70 167 G. E. Adams House, by 1846 Greek Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

71 169 C. J. Noyes House, by 1846 Greek Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

72 171 T. S. McLellan House, c.1857-1871 2% Stories, frame with aluminum siding

73 173 T. S. McLellan House, by 1846 Greek Revival, 2^ stories, brick with wood and stone trim, enclosed first story Colonial Revival side porch

74 179 David Dunlap House, c.1817 Samuel Melcher III, Architect and Builder Federal, 2 stories, frame with match boarded facade, remainder clapboarded

(see continuation sheets) Form No. 1p-300a (fiev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR FOR NFS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE ,'AK ?; --. RECEIVED NATIONAL REGISTER OF fflSTORIC PLACES DATE ENTERED ^CT 2 9 1976 INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER J PAGE 12

Park Row cont:

Map Street Number Number

75 181 Jones House, by 1846 Greek Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

76 183 House, post 1871 Shingle Style, 2^ stories, frame with shingled exterior

77 185 Shimuel Owen House, 1798 Post Colonial, 2 stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

CLEAVELAND STREET

78 4 & 6 J. H. Bowker Double House, c.1846-1857 Greek Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

79 8 Thompson House, c.1846-1857 Greek Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

80 9 First Parish Congregational Church Parish House, 1955 -— Colonial Revival, 2^ stories, brick first and second stories with wood and concrete trim, frame half story with match boarded exterior

81 10 W. Bowker House, c.1828-1846 Federal, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior, Stick Style doorway overhang

82 12 G. S. Swallows House, c.1828-1846 Federal, Cape, 1^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior, central chimney

83 15 Robert Dunlap House, c.1811 Federal, 2 stories, frame with clapboarded exterior, fine period doorway

84 16 S. Stetson House, c.1828-1846 Greek Revival, Cape, 1^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

85 17 W. Dunning House, c.1828-1846 Greek Revival, 2^ stories, frame with aluminum siding Csee continuation sheets) Form No. 1p-300a (Aev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FOR NPS US£ ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED JAN 3 0 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES OCT 2 9 1976 INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM

CONTI NUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER PAGE 13

Cleaveland Street

Map Street Number Number

86 18 House, post 1871 Queen Anne, 2 stories, frame with clapboarded and shingled exterior

87 22 J. R. Barker House, c.1828-1846 Greek Revival, Cape, 1^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior, Stick Style doorway overhang

BATH STREET

88 Graves House, c.1828-1846 Greek Revival, 2^ stories, brick with wood and stone trim

89 Getchell House, post 1871 Colonial Revival, 2^ stories, frame with shingled exterior

90 Thompson House, c.1846-1857 Greek Revival, 2% stories, frame with clapboarded exterior, Colonial Revival facade bay window and side porch

91 Bowdoin College Commons, 1835 Greek Revival, 2 stories, brick with wood and stone trim

92 13 School, 1867 George M. Harding of Portland, Architect Italianate, 2^ stories, brick with wood and stone trim

93 15 Aaron Dunning House, c.1828-1846 Aaron Dunning, Architect and Builder Transitional Federal - Greek Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

(see continuation sheets) Form No. 1p-300a (Aev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE 14

MAINE STREET

94 223 First Parish Congregational Church, 1845-46, N/R Richard Upjohn of New York, Architect Gothic Revival, 1 story with tower, frame with board and batten exterior

95 22 Joshua L. Chamberlain House, 1820, extensively remodelled by Chamberlain, c.1865 Electic (Elements of Federal, Greek Revival, Gothic Revival and Italianate styles present), 2^ stories, frame with match boarded facade, remainder clapboarded

96 228 Alpha Delta Phi Fraternity House, 1924 Colonial Revival, 2^ stories, brick with wooden trim

97 232 H. C. Martin House (Phi Delta Psi Fraternity House), c.1857-1871 Italianate, 2^ stories, frame with rusticated exterior sheathing

98 234 Pierce House, by 1828 Federal, 2% stories, frame with clapboarded exterior, central chimney

99 238 Alpha Rho Upsilon Fraternity House, post 1871 Colonial Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded first story, remainder shingled

100 240 Barrett Potter House, 1894 John Calvin Stevens of Portland, Architect Colonial Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

101 McKeen Street Theta Delta Chi Fraternity House Colonial Revival, 2% stories, brick with wooden trim

102 250 Psi Upsilon Fraternity House, 1900-03 John Calvin Stevens of Portland, Architect Shingle Style, 2^ stories, frame with shingled exterior

103 254 Given House (Ashby House), c.1846-1857 Greek Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

(see continuation sheet) Form No 1p-300a (Aev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVE' NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM DATE ENTERED

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE 15

Maine Street cont:

Map Street Number Number

104 255 Delta Kappa Epsilon Fraternity House, 1900 Chapman and Frazer of Boston, Architects Colonial Revival, 2^ stories, frame with clapboarded exterior, two story columned facade portico

105 256 Henry Boody House, 1849, N/R Gervase Wheeler, Architect Gothic Revival, 2^ stories, frame with board and batten exterior

106 259 Greene House (Delta Sigma Fraternity House), post 1871 Italianate, 2^ stories, frame with rusticated exterior sheathing

107 260 House, post 1871 Shingle Style, 2^ stories, frame with shingled exterior

BOWD01N COLLEGE CAMPUS

108 Massachusetts Hall, 1798-1802, N/R Samuel Melcher III, Architect and Builder Federal, 3 stories, brick with wooden trim

109 Memorial Hall, 1868 S. B. Backus of New York, Architect Gothic Revival, 3 stories, stone with wooden trim

110 Searles Science Building, 1894 Henry Vaughn of Boston, Architect Jacobean Revival, 3 stories, brick with wood and stone trim

111 Art Instruction Building, 1975 ^_ Edward Barnes of New York, Architect Contemporary, 2 stories, brick with metal trim

112 Walker Art Building, 1892-94 McKim, Mead & White of New York, Architects Renaissance Revival, 1 story, brick and stone

113 Gibson Hall of Music, 1954 McKim, Mead & White of- New York Architects (see continuation sheets.) Form No 1fl-300a (Aev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OK THE INTERIOR FOR NPS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM

CONTI NUATION SHEET______ITEM NUMBER PAGE______

Bowdoin College cont:

Map Number

113 Gibson Hall of Music, 1954 cont: Colonial Revival, 2 stories, brick with wood and stone trim

114 Hawthorne - Longfellow Library, 1964-65 Walker 0. Cain and Associates of New York, Architects Contemporary, 3 stories, brick with stone and metal trim

115 Hubbard Hall, 1902-03 Henry Vaughn of Boston, Architect Late Gothic Revival, 2^ stories with tower, brick with wood and stone trim

116 Coleman Hall, 1958 Colonial Revival, 4 stories, brick with wood and stone trim

117 Hyde Hall, 1917 Alien and Collens of Boston, Architects, Felix A. Burton, Associate Architect Colonial Revival, 4 stories, brick with wood and stone trim

118 Appleton Hall, 1843 Samuel Melcher III, Architect and Builder Greek Revival, 4 stories, brick with wood and stone trim

119 Chapel, 1845-1855 Richard Upjohn of New York, Architect Early Romanesque Revival, 2 stories with twin facade towers, stone with wooden trim

120 Maine Hall, 1836, replacing the first Maine Hall of 1806-08 Anthony C. Raymond, Architect and Builder Greek Revival, 4 stories, brick with wood and stone trim

121 Winthrop Hall, 1822 Samuel Melcher III, Architect and Builder Federal, 4 stories, brick with wood and stone trim

122 Adams Hall, 1860-61 Francis H. Fassett of Bath, Architect Italianate, 3^ stories, brick with wood and stone trim Form No 1{)-300a (fiev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FOR NFS USE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE 'JAN.-.3 0 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM

CONTINUATION SHEET______ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE >g {-j______

Bowdoin College cont:

Map Number

123 Sills Hall, 1950 — McKim, Mead & White of New York, Architects Colonial Revival, 2 stories, brick with wood and stone trim

124 Smith Auditorium, 1950 — McKim, Mead & White of New York, Architects Colonial Revival, 1 story, brick with wood and stone trim

125 Cleaveland Hall, 1952 McKim, Mead & White of New York, Architects Colonial Revival, 3 stories, brick with wood and stone trim

126 Morrell Gymnasium, 1964-65 Hugh Stubbins and Associates, Inc., of New York Contemporary, 2 stories, concrete first story with wooden trim, brick second story

127 Gymnasium (Heating Plant), 1885 Rotch and Tilden of Boston, Architects Romanesque Revival, 2 stories, brick with stone trim

128 Sargent Gymnasium, 1912 Alien and Collens of Boston, Architects; Felix A. Burton, Associate Architect Colonial Revival, 3 stories, brick with wood and stone trim

129 Curtis Pool, 1927 McKim, Mead & White of New York, Architects Colonial Revival, 2 stories, brick with wood and stone trim

130 Hyde Athletic Building, 1912 Alien and Collens of Boston, Architects; Felix A. Burton, Associate Architect Colonial Revival, 2 stories, brick with wood and stone trim

131 Dayton Hockey Arena, 1956 Contemporary, 1 story, concrete block and steel construction

132 Coe Infirmary, 1916-17 Alien and Collens of Boston, Architects, Felix A. Burton, Associate Architect Csee continuation sheets) Form No. 10-300a (fiev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THH INTERIOR FOR NPS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED '' NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES OCT 2 INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM

COIMTI NUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER PAGE

Bowdoin College cont:

Map Number

132 Coe Infirmary,. 1916-17 cont; Colonial Revival, 3 stories, brick with wood and stone trim

133 Moore Hall, 1941 —*- McKim, Mead & White of New York, Architects Colonial Revival, 4 stories, brick with wood and stone trim

134 Moulton Union, 1927-28 McKim, Mead & White of New York, Architects Colonial Revival, 2 stories, brick with wood and stone trim

135 Zeta Psi Fraternity House, 1928-29 John P. Thomas of Portland, Architect Colonial Revival, 3 stories, brick with wood and stone trim

136 Hartley C. Baxter House, 1901 Colonial Revival, 2^ stories, frame"" with clapboarded exterior

137 Senior Center, 1964 Hugh Stubbins and Associates of New York, Architects Contemporary, 16 stories, brick with concrete trim

138 Packard - Symth House (Afro-American Center), 1827 Samuel Melcher III, Architect and Builder Federal, 2% stories, frame with clapboarded exterior

(see continuation sheet) Form No. 1J)-300a (Aev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE X) 19

Index of Architects Represented in the Federal Street Historic District

Alien & Collens of Boston, Feliz A. Burton of Brunswick, Associate 28,117,128, 130,132 S. B. Backus of New York 109

Edward Barnes of New York 111

Nathaniel J. Bradlee of Boston 29

Walker 0. Cain & Associates of New Ybrk 114

Chapman & Frazer of Boston 104 «• Aaron Dunning of Brunswick 45,48,93

Francis H. Fassett of Bath 122

George M. Harding of Portland 92

McKim, Mead & White of New York 112,113,123,124, 125,129,133,134 Samuel Melcher III of Brunswick 6,16,20,40,47,74, 108,118,121,138 Anthony Raymond of Brunswick 60,120

Rotch & Tilden of Boston 127

John Calvin Stevens of Portland 20,100,102

Hugh Stubbins & Associates of New York 126,137

Elmer I. Thomas of Portland 28_ John P. Thomas of Portland 135

Richard Upjohn of New York 94,119

Henry Vaiighn of Boston^ 110,115 ' • * ' tfi (see continuation sheet) Form No. 10-300a (fiev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED

INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM

ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE

Gervase Wheeler 105

Walsh Engineers, Inc., of South Portland 17 Form No. 1fl-300a (Aev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 8 PAGE

Bowdoin College was chartered in 1794 and the first two buildings for the new school were built in 1799 and 1808.

These two factors, the windfall profits of the early war years and the founding of the college, combined to make possible and set the tone for the Federal Street neighborhood and had a profound effect on what to that time had been primarily an agricultural, mill and shipping community.

Federal Street itself was laid out and accepted as a town road in 1803, the way being donated by the various proprietors holding ownership in the land. Lying parallel to Maine Street, the first road laid out by the Pejepscot Proprietors in 1717, it- quickly became a college oriented, "prestige" neighborhood.

The original proprietors of the land established requirements for a uniform setback of twenty feet and a minimum of two stories for every house. This, in itself, is an interesting example of very early urban planning reflecting a conscious effort to maintain high standards. Care was also taken to establish well proportioned lots.

Local builders, particularly Samuel Melcherlll, who remained active nearly to the time of his death in 1862, had begun to come under the in­ fluence of the styles of Samuel Mclntire, so elegantly portrayed in Salem, and also Charles Bulfinch. As a result a very charming vernacular adaptation of Federal design was employed in many of the early houses on Federal Street.

Proximity to the college also meant that members of the faculty chose the area for their residences. Most notable among these, perhaps, was Professor Parker Cleaveland, the internationally famous geologist and chemist, who came to Bowdoin in 1805. Certainly the presence of such intellectual lights served to establish the tone of the neighborhood.

Homes on Federal Street sprang up with considerable rapidity after its laying out. A writer in 1820 stated that there were then "about twenty houses, .... already erected with great exactness and symmetry."

The influence of this new development spread to adjoining sections. The area now occupied by the Mall had been an alder swamp drained by a brook which passed under a bridge on Federal Street. Beginning in 1826 the swamp was filled in at first by volunteers and later by private efforts. By 1836 the first trees were planted and the entire atmosphere of Maim Street near the college was altered. Park Row was laid out at about the same time.

(see continuation sheet) Form No 1f)-300a (Aev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FOR NFS USE ONIY.'so'sfc NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER ft PAGE

The college played a similar influencing role at a later date in the construction of Upper Park Row with a corresponding mall to complement the campus.

The Federal Street Historic District preserves within its boundaries, not only a wealth of representative architectural styles, but also a neigh­ borhood born out of a sudden burst of prosperity and profoundly affected by the development of Maine's first college. It also reflects the influence which an abruptly changing life style in one part of a community may exert on the whole. Form No. 10-300a (Rev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE lili NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 8 RAGE

Since its founding, Bowdoin College has significantly influenced the intellectual and literary life not only of the State but also the country as a whole. It has, in addition, made Brunswick an important cultural center. Its graduates have contributed widely to many fields of human endeavor and a number of its faculty members have enjoyed international reputations. The illustrious graduating class of 1825, for example, included among its members Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Franklin Pierce, and the noted historian John S. C. Abbott.

Generously endowed by James Bowdoin III, son of a Governor of Massachusetts, the college opened in 1802 with eight students. Today the student body numbers more than a hundred times that enrollment. The Orient, a weekly paper, is the oldest college paper in continuous publication in the country.

The Walker Art Building houses a collection of seventy Dutch and Italian masters given by James Bowdoin III in 1811 as well as other notable collections. The Senior Center, a striking modern complex of three buildings built in 1964, is dominated by a sixteen-story tower which overlooks the old tree shaded campus. Form No. 10-3003 (fiev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES . -fi 4Q- .an INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM

CONTINUATION SHEET______ITEM NUMBER 9 PAGE______2______

Little, George Thomas, General Catalogue of Bowdoin College, Brunswick, 1894

Shipman, William D., The Early Architecture of Bowdoin College, and Brunswick Maine, Brunswick, 1973

Wheeler, George A., and Wheeler, Henry W., History of Brunswick, Topsham and Harpswe11, Maine, Boston, 1875 Form No 10-300a (ftev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FOR NFS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED in*! Q n irn iCY NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES OCT 2 9 1976 INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM

CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 10 PAGE

property line of the Greene House to Upper Park Row. Crossing Upper Park Row and Maine Street the line follows the south property line of the house on the southwest corner of Maine and Boody Street west to the rear property of the same house line thence north along the rear property lines on the west side of Maine Street to Noble Street. Following the centerline of Noble Street east to Maine Street, the line turns north following the centerline of Maine Street to School Street thence east along the rear property line of the north side of School Street to the rear or west property line of the house on the northwest corner of School and Federal Streets. The line then follows the rear property lines on the west side of Federal Street north to the point of beginn­ ing at the intersection of Federal and Mason Street.

NFS Number _ Title: ^2^x^C JJ&3&(~ *$tf&hx£ J5^£Z&&&(

r-• 4^,- Form No. 10-301 (Rev. 10-74! UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES PROPERTY MAP FORM iitiliiiillDll

SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS ______TYPE ALL ENTRIES - ENCLOSE WITH MAP______NAME HISTORIC Federal Street Historic District ______AND/OR COMMON

LOCATION STATE CfTY.TOWN .VICINITY OF COUNTY Brunswick Maine MAP REFERENCE SOURCE Sketch Map

SCALE none DATE December 1975

REQUIREMENTS TO BE INCLUDED ON ALL MAPS 1. PROPERTY BOUNDARIES 2. NORTH ARROW 3. UTM REFERENCES

JNT: 3464-75